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McGillicuddy DJ, Morton PL, Brewton RA, Hu C, Kelly TB, Solow AR, Lapointe BE. Nutrient and arsenic biogeochemistry of Sargassum in the western Atlantic. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6205. [PMID: 37798289 PMCID: PMC10556059 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The oceanographic ecology of pelagic Sargassum, and the means by which these floating macroalgae thrive in the nutrient-poor waters of the open ocean, have been studied for decades. Beginning in 2011, the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt (GASB) emerged, with Sargassum proliferating in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean where it had not previously been abundant. Here we show that the nutritional status of Sargassum in the GASB is distinct, with higher nitrogen and phosphorus content than populations residing in its Sargasso Sea habitat. Moreover, we find that variations in arsenic content of Sargassum reflect phosphorus limitation, following a hyperbolic relationship predicted from Michaelis-Menten nutrient uptake kinetics. Although the sources of nutrients fueling the GASB are not yet clear, our results suggest that nitrogen and phosphorus content of Sargassum, together with its isotopic composition, can be used to identify those sources, whether they be atmospheric, oceanic, or riverine in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Lynn Morton
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Aileen Brewton
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Chuanmin Hu
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Bryce Kelly
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | | | - Brian Edward Lapointe
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
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2
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Schmidt C. Escape from Sargasso Sea: Tremendous Sargassum Blooms Challenge Caribbean and Atlantic Communities. Environ Health Perspect 2023; 131:92001. [PMID: 37698483 PMCID: PMC10496800 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
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Mamun MAA, Hayashi S, Papry RI, Miki O, Rahman IMM, Mashio AS, Hasegawa H. Influence of Different Arsenic Species on the Bioavailability and Bioaccumulation of Arsenic by Sargassum horneri C. Agardh: Effects under Different Phosphate Conditions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:98246-98260. [PMID: 37606771 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The growth response and incorporation of As into the Sargassum horneri was evaluated for up to 7 days using either arsenate (As(V)), arsenite (As(III)) or methylarsonate (MMAA(V) and DMAA(V)) at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 μM with various phosphate (P) levels (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 μM). Except As(III), algal chlorophyll fluorescence was almost similar and insignificant, regardless of whether different concentrations of P or As(V) or MMAA(V) or DMAA(V) were provided (p > 0.05). As(III) at higher concentrations negatively affected algal growth rate, though concentrations of all As species had significant effects on growth rate (p < 0.01). Growth studies indicated that toxicity and sensitivity of As species to the algae followed the trend: As(III) > As(V) > MMAA(V) ~ DMAA(V). As bioaccumulation was varied significantly depending on the increasing concentrations of all As species and increasing P levels considerably affected As(V) uptake but no other As species uptake (p < 0.01). The algae accumulated As(V) and As(III) more efficiently than MMAA(V) and DMAA(V). At equal concentrations of As (4 μM) and P (0 μM), the alga was able to accumulate 638.2 ± 71.3, 404.1 ± 70.6, 176.7 ± 19.6, and 205.6 ± 33.2 nM g-1 dry weight of As from As(V), As(III), MMAA(V), and DMAA(V), respectively. The influence of low P levels with increased As(V) concentrations more steeply increased As uptake, but P on other As species did not display similar trends. The algae also showed passive modes for As adsorption of all As species. The maximum adsorption of As (63.7 ± 6.1 nM g-1 dry weight) was found due to 4 μM As(V) exposure, which was 2.5, 7.3, and 6.9 times higher than the adsorption amounts for the same concentration of As(III), MMAA(V), and DMAA(V) exposure, respectively. The bioavailability and accumulation behaviors of As were significantly influenced by P and As species, and this information is essential for As research on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abdullah Al Mamun
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
- Department of Soil Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh.
| | - Shuhei Hayashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Rimana Islam Papry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Environmental Science, IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Osamu Miki
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ismail M M Rahman
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Asami S Mashio
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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Paine ER, Boyd PW, Strzepek RF, Ellwood M, Brewer EA, Diaz-Pulido G, Schmid M, Hurd CL. Iron limitation of kelp growth may prevent ocean afforestation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:607. [PMID: 37280329 PMCID: PMC10244339 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and emissions reduction are essential to alleviate climate change. Ocean macroalgal afforestation (OMA) is a CDR method already undergoing field trials where nearshore kelps, on rafts, are purposefully grown offshore at scale. Dissolved iron (dFe) supply often limits oceanic phytoplankton growth, however this potentially rate-limiting factor is being overlooked in OMA discussions. Here, we determine the limiting dFe concentrations for growth and key physiological functions of a representative kelp species, Macrocystis pyrifera, considered as a promising candidate for OMA. dFe additions to oceanic seawater ranging 0.01-20.2 nM Fe' ‒ Fe' being the sum of dissolved inorganic Fe(III) species ‒ result in impaired physiological functions and kelp mortality. Kelp growth cannot be sustained at oceanic dFe concentrations, which are 1000-fold lower than required by M. pyrifera. OMA may require additional perturbation of offshore waters via dFe fertilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie R Paine
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Philip W Boyd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Robert F Strzepek
- Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Michael Ellwood
- Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Brewer
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Pulido
- School of Environment and Science, Coastal and Marine Research Centre, and Australian Rivers Institute-Coast and Estuaries, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
- Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
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Alleyne KST, Johnson D, Neat F, Oxenford HA, Vallѐs H. Seasonal variation in morphotype composition of pelagic Sargassum influx events is linked to oceanic origin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3753. [PMID: 36882555 PMCID: PMC9992440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent proliferation of pelagic Sargassum spp. in the Tropical Atlantic causes major ecological and socioeconomic impacts to the wider Caribbean when it washes ashore, with regional fisheries and tourism industries particularly affected. The Caribbean influxes have been tracked to a new bloom region known as the North Equatorial Recirculation Region (NERR) encompassing the area between the South Equatorial Current and the North Equatorial Counter Current and extending from Africa to South America. The vast biomass of Sargassum presents serious problems when it washes ashore but also represents significant commercial opportunities, especially with biofuel and fertilizer. The floating Sargassum mats are themselves diverse ecosystems that vary both in their biodiversity and biochemical attributes. Two major species (Sargassum fluitans and S. natans) have been identified as well as several distinguishable morphotypes of each. Oceanic mixing tends to blend the morphotypes together making it difficult to determine if there are regions of the NERR that favour bloom and growth of the distinct types. In this study, we quantify the species and morphotype composition of Sargassum strandings in Barbados and test if this is related to separate oceanic origins and routes travelled using a backtracking algorithm based on ocean drifter data. We found significant seasonal variation in the relative abundance of three morphotypes and this could be traced to two distinct easterly sub-origins and/or transport pathways; one area around 15° N that travels directly E-W across the Atlantic, and another area generally south of 10° N that takes a more meandering route coming close the coast of South America. These findings contribute towards our understanding of why the Tropical Atlantic bloom is presently occurring as well as towards addressing valorisation constraints surrounding variation in the supply of the three commonly occurring morphotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie S T Alleyne
- WMU-Sasakawa Global Ocean Institute, World Maritime University (WMU), Malmӧ, Sweden.
| | - Donald Johnson
- Center for Fisheries Research & Development, The University of Southern Mississippi-Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
| | - Francis Neat
- WMU-Sasakawa Global Ocean Institute, World Maritime University (WMU), Malmӧ, Sweden
| | - Hazel A Oxenford
- Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Henri Vallѐs
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
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González Fernández LA, Navarro Frómeta AE, Carranza Álvarez C, Flores Ramírez R, Díaz Flores PE, Castillo Ramos V, Sánchez Polo M, Carrasco Marín F, Medellín Castillo NA. Valorization of Sargassum Biomass as Potential Material for the Remediation of Heavy-Metals-Contaminated Waters. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2559. [PMID: 36767922 PMCID: PMC9915137 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum algae has become a major environmental issue due to its abundance in the Pacific Ocean with hundreds of tons reaching the beaches of the Mexican Caribbean every year. This generates large quantities of decomposing organic matter that have a negative impact on the region's economy and ecosystems. Sargassum valorization has turned out to be a fundamental aspect to mitigate its environmental impact. This study proposes the use and application of untreated Sargassum biomass for the decontamination of waters polluted with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) through single and binary adsorption tests. Physicochemical and textural properties examined by SEM, XRD, and FT-IR elucidated that Sargassum biomass is viable to be used as a potential environmental benign adsorbent, exhibiting Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption capacities as high as 240 mg g-1 and 350 mg g-1, respectively, outperforming conventionally used adsorbents. This is attributed to its morphology, favorable surface charge distribution, and the presence of -OH and -COH groups. A strong affinity between the biomass and metal pollutants was evidenced by a thermodynamics study, showing a spontaneous and endothermic process. This work sets a practical route for the utilization of the Sargassum biomass, demonstrating its applicability as a potential material for heavy-metal-polluted water remediation, making a substantial contribution to a circular economy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lázaro Adrián González Fernández
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University Zone, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. Floor, San Luis Potosí 78000, Mexico
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Amado Enrique Navarro Frómeta
- Food and Environmental Technology Department, Technological University of Izúcar de Matamoros, De Reforma 168, Campestre la Paz, Izúcar de Matamoros 74420, Mexico
| | - Candy Carranza Álvarez
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University Zone, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. Floor, San Luis Potosí 78000, Mexico
- Faculty of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Romualdo del Campo 501, Rafael Curiel, Ciudad Valles 79060, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Flores Ramírez
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University Zone, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. Floor, San Luis Potosí 78000, Mexico
- Coordination for the Innovation and Application of Science and Technology, Av. Sierra Leona # 550, Col. Lomas 2a. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Paola Elizabeth Díaz Flores
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University Zone, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. Floor, San Luis Potosí 78000, Mexico
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Carretera San Luis Potosí—Matehuala Km. 14.5 Ejido Palma de la Cruz, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78321, Mexico
| | - Ventura Castillo Ramos
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez Polo
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Carrasco Marín
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Nahum Andrés Medellín Castillo
- Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University Zone, Av. Manuel Nava 201, 2nd. Floor, San Luis Potosí 78000, Mexico
- Center for Research and Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Dr.Manuel Nava No. 8, West University Zone, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico
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Kim JY, Oh GW, Lee JM, Kim HS, Ki DW, Ko SC, Yim MJ, Kim KW, Lee DS, Baek K. Sargassumin C, a Novel Butenolide from Sargassum micracanthum. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221137411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In our ongoing effort to search for the novel secondary metabolites from the marine algae, chemical investigation of a methanolic extract of Sargassum micracanthum led to the isolation of a novel butenolide (1) and a known compound (2). Methods: The methanolic extract of S. micracanthum was partitioned and subjected to medium pressure column chromatography and preparative-HPLC to yield two compounds (1 and 2). Their structures were established based on comprehensive spectroscopic data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS). These compounds (1 and 2) were evaluated for the production of the NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF- α, and IL-10. Results: A new compound (1) was determined to be a new butenolide derivative, and a known compound (2) were identified as 2-hydroxy-(5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-12-one. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activities in a dose-dependent manner on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: A new butenolide, sargassumin C (1), and 2-hydroxy-(5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-12-one (2) were isolated from the brown alga, S. micracanthum. Compound 2 was more effective than 1 on NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yul Kim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Woo Oh
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Won Ki
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environmental and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Chun Ko
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Woo Kim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Baek
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
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Devault DA, Massat F, Baylet A, Dolique F, Lopez PJ. Arsenic and chlordecone contamination and decontamination toxicokinetics in Sargassum sp. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:6-16. [PMID: 33415641 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Massive Sargassum sp. beachings have been occurring on Caribbean shores since 2011. The sargassum involved in such events are S. fluitans and S. natans, two drifting species whose proliferation has been observed in the southern North Atlantic Ocean. Both for reasons of environmental and sanitary assessment and repurposing, Sargassum sp. that is ashore piled up on beaches and decaying must be studied. Studies are required because of the concerning content of pelagic arsenic reported in the literature. They are also needed owing to Sargassum sp. contamination subsequent to historical pollution in the French West Indies by chlordecone, an insecticide used against the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus. The present study aims to describe the contamination and decontamination toxicokinetics of arsenic and chlordecone for Sargassum sp. stranding on shores and shallows in the Caribbean, in order to support the decision-making of the authorities involved. In situ and in mesocosm experiments performed in the present study show that Sargassum sp. contamination by chlordecone is mainly done after 2 h of exposition and reaches equilibrium after a day of exposure in polluted water, but BCF study suggests that the phenomenon is not actively supported (passive soption only). Arsenic transudation is intense in the case of immerged algae both. Half of the arsenic content is transudated after 13 h at sea and will transudate until vestigial arsenic concentration. Sargassum sp. contamination by arsenic, due to phytoaccumulation offshore, is broadly homogeneous before decay, and then leaks lead rapidly to a decrease in concentration in Sargassum sp. necromass, questioning the subsequent contamination of the coastal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien A Devault
- Département des Sciences et Technologies, Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Mayotte, RN3, BP53, 97660, Dembeni, Mayotte, France.
| | - Félix Massat
- La Drôme Laboratoire, 37 avenue de Lautagne, BP 118, Valence, France
| | - Alexandre Baylet
- La Drôme Laboratoire, 37 avenue de Lautagne, BP 118, Valence, France
| | - Franck Dolique
- Unité Biologie des organismes et écosystèmes aquatiques (BOREA), Université des Antilles, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, IRD, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Pascal-Jean Lopez
- Unité Biologie des organismes et écosystèmes aquatiques (BOREA), Université des Antilles, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, IRD, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
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