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Jiang L, Jing H, Lan L, Liu X, Wang S, Xu Y, Meng N. Effects of Acupuncture Combined with Exercise on Expression of Immune Factors in Aging Rats and Its Significance in Antiaging Intervention. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:6833196. [PMID: 36017145 PMCID: PMC9398838 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6833196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background With the improvement of people's living standards, how to maintain health and delay aging to improve the quality of life and achieve longevity has become a hot topic of concern. objective. To investigate the effect of acupuncture combined with exercise on the expression of immune factors in aging rats and its significance in antiaging intervention. Materials and Methods Forty-three SD rats included 12 rats in the control group, and the remaining rats were injected intraperitoneally with D-galactose 500 mg/kg to prepare a subacute aging rat model. The 24 rats that were successfully modeled were divided into acupuncture exercise groups and exercise groups according to the random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. After the modeling, the comparison group did not do any intervention, the exercise group was given aerobic exercise intervention, and the acupuncture exercise group was given acupuncture combined with exercise intervention. The effect of immune factor expression in rats was compared. Results The levels of IgM, IgA, and IgG in the acupuncture exercise group were significantly higher than those in the exercise group (P < 0.05). The IL-10 content in the acupuncture exercise group was significantly higher than that in the exercise group (P < 0.05) and was significantly reduced in the acupuncture exercise group compared with the comparison group (P < 0.05). The level of IL-6 in the acupuncture exercise group was significantly lower than that in the exercise group, and the level of IL-6 in the acupuncture exercise group was significantly increased compared with the comparison group (P < 0.05). The C3 and C4 levels in the acupuncture exercise group were significantly higher than those in the exercise group (P < 0.05). The levels of IFN-γ and TNP-α were significantly lower in the acupuncture exercise group than in the exercise group and significantly increased in the acupuncture exercise group compared with the comparison group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ling turtle eight method acupuncture combined with exercise promoted the development of immune organ spleen, enhances the body's immune function and complement system, inhibits the immune inflammatory response and regulates immune balance, reduces the inflammatory response caused by the aging of D-type galactose, and achieves the effect of delaying aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Jiang
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Hongying Jing
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Lan Lan
- College of Sport Humanistic Sociology, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Su Wang
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Nijia Meng
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
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Garrett B, Caulfield T, Murdoch B, Brignall M, Kapur AK, Murphy S, Nelson E, Reardon J, Harrison M, Hislop J, Wilson‐Keates BJ, Anthony J, Loewen PS, Musoke RM, Braun J. A taxonomy of risk-associated alternative health practices: A Delphi study. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:1163-1181. [PMID: 34041822 PMCID: PMC9291966 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Defining alternative health care and the recording of associated adverse events and harm remains problematic. This Canadian study aimed to establish and classify risk-associated alternative health practices in a Delphi study undertaken with an interdisciplinary panel of 17 health experts in 2020. It provides a new functional definition of alternative health care and an initial taxonomy of risk-associated alternative health care practices. A number of risk-associated practices were identified and categorized into general practices that conflict with biomedical care or largely untested therapies, alternative beliefs systems, physical manipulative alternative therapies, and herbal and nutritional supplements. Some risk significant harms including major physical injuries or even death. The lack of systematic methods for recording adverse events in alternative health care makes establishing the frequency of such events challenging. However, it is important that people engaging with alternative health care understand they are not necessarily risk-free endeavours, and what those risks are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernie Garrett
- School of NursingUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Timothy Caulfield
- Faculty of LawHealth Law InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Blake Murdoch
- Faculty of LawHealth Law InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | | | | | - Susan Murphy
- Department of Physical TherapyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Erin Nelson
- Faculty of LawHealth Law InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Jillian Reardon
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Mark Harrison
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (CHEOS)St. Paul’s HospitalVancouverBCCanada
| | - Jonathan Hislop
- Family MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | | | - Joseph Anthony
- Department of Physical TherapyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Peter S. Loewen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Richard M. Musoke
- School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Joan Braun
- Bora Laskin Faculty of LawLakehead UniversityThunder BayONCanada
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Chen YL, Zhao C, Zhang L, Li B, Wu CH, Mu W, Wang JY, Yang KH, Li YP, Chen C, Wang YY, Wang C, Bian ZX, Shang HC. Toward Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine: Status Quo, Opportunities and Challenges. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 24:163-70. [PMID: 29340887 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
How to test the treatments of Chinese medicine (CM) and make them more widely accepted by practitioners of Western medicine and the international healthcare community is a major concern for practitioners and researchers of CM. For centuries, various approaches have been used to identify and measure the efficacy and safety of CM. However, the high-quality evidence related to CM that produced in China is still rare. Over the recent years, evidence-based medicine (EBM) has been increasingly applied to CM, strengthening its theoretical basis. This paper reviews the past and present state of CM, analyzes the status quo, challenges and opportunities of basic research, clinical trials, systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines and clinical pathways and evidence-based education developed or conducted in China, pointing out how EBM can help to make CM more widely used and recognized worldwide.
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Abstract
Background Communicating to patients the risks of manual treatment to the spine is an important, but challenging element of informed consent. This scoping review aimed to characterise and summarise the available literature on risks and to describe implications for clinical practice and research. Method A methodological framework for scoping reviews was followed. Systematic searches were conducted during June 2017. The quantity, nature and sources of literature were described. Findings of included studies were narratively summarised, highlighting key clinical points. Results Two hundred and fifty articles were included. Cases of serious adverse events were reported. Observational studies, randomised studies and systematic reviews were also identified, reporting both benign and serious adverse events.Benign adverse events were reported to occur commonly in adults and children. Predictive factors for risk are unclear, but for neck pain patients might include higher levels of neck disability or cervical manipulation. In neck pain patients benign adverse events may result in poorer short term, but not long term outcomes.Serious adverse event incidence estimates ranged from 1 per 2 million manipulations to 13 per 10,000 patients. Cases are reported in adults and children, including spinal or neurological problems as well as cervical arterial strokes. Case-control studies indicate some association, in the under 45 years age group, between manual interventions and cervical arterial stroke, however it is unclear whether this is causal. Elderly patients have no greater risk of traumatic injury compared with visiting a medical practitioner for neuro-musculoskeletal problems, however some underlying conditions may increase risk. Conclusion Existing literature indicates that benign adverse events following manual treatments to the spine are common, while serious adverse events are rare. The incidence and causal relationships with serious adverse events are challenging to establish, with gaps in the literature and inherent methodological limitations of studies. Clinicians should ensure that patients are informed of risks during the consent process. Since serious adverse events could result from pre-existing pathologies, assessment for signs or symptoms of these is important. Clinicians may also contribute to furthering understanding by utilising patient safety incident reporting and learning systems where adverse events have occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Swait
- The Royal College of Chiropractors, Chiltern Chambers, St. Peters Avenue, Reading, RG4 7DH UK
| | - Rob Finch
- The Royal College of Chiropractors, Chiltern Chambers, St. Peters Avenue, Reading, RG4 7DH UK
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Nielsen SM, Tarp S, Christensen R, Bliddal H, Klokker L, Henriksen M. The risk associated with spinal manipulation: an overview of reviews. Syst Rev 2017; 6:64. [PMID: 28340595 PMCID: PMC5366149 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is a widely used manual treatment, but many reviews exist with conflicting conclusions about the safety of SMT. We performed an overview of reviews to elucidate and quantify the risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) associated with SMT. METHODS We searched five electronic databases from inception to December 8, 2015. We included reviews on any type of studies, patients, and SMT technique. Our primary outcome was SAEs. Quality of the included reviews was assessed using a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR). Since there were insufficient data for calculating incidence rates of SAEs, we used an alternative approach; the conclusions regarding safety of SMT were extracted for each review, and the communicated opinion were judged by two reviewers independently as safe, harmful, or neutral/unclear. Risk ratios (RRs) of a review communicating that SMT is safe and meeting the requirements for each AMSTAR item, were calculated. RESULTS We identified 283 eligible reviews, but only 118 provided data for synthesis. The most frequently described adverse events (AEs) were stroke, headache, and vertebral artery dissection. Fifty-four reviews (46%) expressed that SMT is safe, 15 (13%) expressed that SMT is harmful, and 49 reviews (42%) were neutral or unclear. Thirteen reviews reported incidence estimates for SAEs, roughly ranging from 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 250,000,000 manipulations. Low methodological quality was present, with a median of 4 of 11 AMSTAR items met (interquartile range, 3 to 6). Reviews meeting the requirements for each of the AMSTAR items (i.e. good internal validity) had a higher chance of expressing that SMT is safe. CONCLUSIONS It is currently not possible to provide an overall conclusion about the safety of SMT; however, the types of SAEs reported can indeed be significant, sustaining that some risk is present. High quality research and consistent reporting of AEs and SAEs are needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42015030068 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Mai Nielsen
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg & Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark
| | - Simon Tarp
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg & Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark
| | - Robin Christensen
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg & Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark
| | - Henning Bliddal
- Clinical Research Unit, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg & Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark
| | - Louise Klokker
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg & Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark
| | - Marius Henriksen
- Physiotherapy and Biomechanics Research Unit, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg & Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, 2000, Denmark.
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Posadzki P, Watson L, Ernst E. Contamination and adulteration of herbal medicinal products (HMPs): an overview of systematic reviews. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;69:295-307. [PMID: 22843016 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-012-1353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this overview of systematic reviews is to summarise and critically evaluate the evidence from systematic reviews of the adulteration and contamination of herbal medicinal products (HMPs). METHODS Five electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant systematic reviews. RESULTS Twenty-six systematic reviews met our inclusion criteria. The most commonly HMPs were adulterated or contaminated with dust, pollens, insects, rodents, parasites, microbes, fungi, mould, toxins, pesticides, toxic heavy metals and/or prescription drugs. The most severe adverse effects caused by these adulterations were agranulocytosis, meningitis, multi-organ failure, perinatal stroke, arsenic, lead or mercury poisoning, malignancies or carcinomas, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, nephrotoxicity, rhabdomyolysis, metabolic acidosis, renal or liver failure, cerebral edema, coma, intracerebral haemorrhage, and death. Adulteration and contamination of HMPs were most commonly noted for traditional Indian and Chinese remedies, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Collectively these data suggest that there are reasons for concerns with regards to the quality of HMPs. Adulteration and contamination of HMPs can cause serious adverse effects. More stringent quality control and its enforcement seem to be necessary to avoid health risks.
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Posadzki P, Watson L, Ernst E. Contamination and adulteration of herbal medicinal products (HMPs): an overview of systematic reviews. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;69:295-307. [PMID: 22843016 DOI: 10.10007/s00228-012-1353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this overview of systematic reviews is to summarise and critically evaluate the evidence from systematic reviews of the adulteration and contamination of herbal medicinal products (HMPs). METHODS Five electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant systematic reviews. RESULTS Twenty-six systematic reviews met our inclusion criteria. The most commonly HMPs were adulterated or contaminated with dust, pollens, insects, rodents, parasites, microbes, fungi, mould, toxins, pesticides, toxic heavy metals and/or prescription drugs. The most severe adverse effects caused by these adulterations were agranulocytosis, meningitis, multi-organ failure, perinatal stroke, arsenic, lead or mercury poisoning, malignancies or carcinomas, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, nephrotoxicity, rhabdomyolysis, metabolic acidosis, renal or liver failure, cerebral edema, coma, intracerebral haemorrhage, and death. Adulteration and contamination of HMPs were most commonly noted for traditional Indian and Chinese remedies, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Collectively these data suggest that there are reasons for concerns with regards to the quality of HMPs. Adulteration and contamination of HMPs can cause serious adverse effects. More stringent quality control and its enforcement seem to be necessary to avoid health risks.
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Robinson N, Lorenc A, Lewith G. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) professional practice and safety: A consensus building workshop. Eur J Integr Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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