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Tanday N, Tarasov AI, Moffett RC, Flatt PR, Irwin N. Pancreatic islet cell plasticity: Pathogenic or therapeutically exploitable? Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:16-31. [PMID: 37845573 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of pancreatic islet endocrine cells is a tightly regulated process leading to the generation of distinct cell types harbouring different hormones in response to small changes in environmental stimuli. Cell differentiation is driven by transcription factors that are also critical for the maintenance of the mature islet cell phenotype. Alteration of the insulin-secreting β-cell transcription factor set by prolonged metabolic stress, associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes, obesity or pregnancy, results in the loss of β-cell identity through de- or transdifferentiation. Importantly, the glucose-lowering effects of approved and experimental antidiabetic agents, including glucagon-like peptide-1 mimetics, novel peptides and small molecules, have been associated with preventing or reversing β-cell dedifferentiation or promoting the transdifferentiation of non-β-cells towards an insulin-positive β-cell-like phenotype. Therefore, we review the manifestations of islet cell plasticity in various experimental settings and discuss the physiological and therapeutic sides of this phenomenon, focusing on strategies for preventing β-cell loss or generating new β-cells in diabetes. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning islet cell plasticity is a prerequisite for more targeted therapies to help prevent β-cell decline in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Tanday
- Diabetes Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrei I Tarasov
- Diabetes Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - R Charlotte Moffett
- Diabetes Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - Peter R Flatt
- Diabetes Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - Nigel Irwin
- Diabetes Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
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2
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Abidov M, Sokolova K, Danilova I, Baykenova M, Gette I, Mychlynina E, Aydin Ozgur B, Gurol AO, Yilmaz MT. Hepatic insulin synthesis increases in rat models of diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 differently. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294432. [PMID: 38019818 PMCID: PMC10686419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-positive (+) cells (IPCs), detected in multiple organs, are of great interest as a probable alternative to ameliorate pancreatic beta-cells dysfunction and insulin deficiency in diabetes. Liver is a potential source of IPCs due to it common embryological origin with pancreas. We previously demonstrated the presence of IPCs in the liver of healthy and diabetic rats, but detailed description and analysis of the factors, which potentially can induced ectopic hepatic expression of insulin in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), were not performed. In present study we evaluate mass of hepatic IPCs in the rat models of T1D and T2D and discuss factors, which may stimulate it generation: glycaemia, organ injury, involving of hepatic stem/progenitor cell compartment, expression of transcription factors and inflammation. Quantity of IPCs in the liver was up by 1.7-fold in rats with T1D and 10-fold in T2D compared to non-diabetic (ND) rats. We concluded that ectopic hepatic expression of insulin gene is activated by combined action of a number of factors, with inflammation playing a decision role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Abidov
- Institute of Immunopathology and Preventive Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenia Sokolova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Danilova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Madina Baykenova
- Kostanay Oblast Tuberculosis Dispensary, Kostanay, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Irina Gette
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Mychlynina
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Burcin Aydin Ozgur
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Diabetes Application and Research Center, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Osman Gurol
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Diabetes Application and Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Temel Yilmaz
- International Diabetes Center, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Wang F, Li R, Zhang L, Nie X, Wang L, Chen L. Cell Transdifferentiation: A Challenging Strategy with Great Potential. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:154-161. [PMID: 37471050 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With the discovery and development of somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, and induced pluripotent stem cells, cell transdifferentiation research has presented unique advantages and stimulated a heated discussion worldwide. Cell transdifferentiation is a phenomenon by which a cell changes its lineage and acquires the phenotype of other cell types when exposed to certain conditions. Indeed, many adult stem cells and differentiated cells were reported to change their phenotype and transform into other lineages. This article reviews the differentiation of stem cells and classification of transdifferentiation, as well as the advantages, challenges, and prospects of cell transdifferentiation. This review discusses new research directions and the main challenges in the use of transdifferentiation in human cells and molecular replacement therapy. Overall, such knowledge is expected to provide a deep understanding of cell fate and regulation, which can change through differentiation, dedifferentiation, and transdifferentiation, with multiple applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Wang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runting Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Limeng Zhang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiaoning Nie
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Longxin Chen
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou China
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4
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Pan Y, Shao M, Li P, Xu C, Nie J, Zhang K, Wu S, Sui D, Xu FJ. Polyaminoglycoside-mediated cell reprogramming system for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. J Control Release 2022; 343:420-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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5
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Duffy KA, Getz KD, Hathaway ER, Byrne ME, MacFarland SP, Kalish JM. Characteristics Associated with Tumor Development in Individuals Diagnosed with Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum: Novel Tumor-(epi)Genotype-Phenotype Associations in the BWSp Population. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111839. [PMID: 34828445 PMCID: PMC8621885 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Beckwith–Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp) is the most common epigenetic childhood cancer predisposition disorder. BWSp is caused by (epi)genetic changes affecting the BWS critical region on chromosome 11p15. Clinically, BWSp represents complex molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity resulting in a range of presentations from Classic BWS to milder features. The previously reported tumor risk based on Classic BWS cohorts is 8–10% and routine tumor screening has been recommended. This work investigated the tumor risk and correlation with phenotype within a cohort of patients from Classic BWS to BWSp using a mixed-methods approach to explore phenotype and epigenotype profiles associated with tumor development through statistical analyses with post-hoc retrospective case series review. We demonstrated that tumor risk across BWSp differs from Classic BWS and that certain phenotypic features are associated with specific epigenetic causes; nephromegaly and/or hyperinsulinism appear associated with cancer in some patients. We also demonstrated that prenatal and perinatal factors that are not currently part of the BWSp classification may factor into tumor risk. Additionally, blood testing results are not necessarily synonymous with tissue testing results. Together, it appears that the current understanding from Classic BWS of (epi)genetics and phenotype correlations with tumors is not represented in the BWSp. Further study is needed in this complex population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Duffy
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Kelly D. Getz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Evan R. Hathaway
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Mallory E. Byrne
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Suzanne P. MacFarland
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-590-1278
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6
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Abstract
The most distinctive pathological characteristics of diabetes mellitus induced by various stressors or immune-mediated injuries are reductions of pancreatic islet β-cell populations and activity. Existing treatment strategies cannot slow disease progression; consequently, research to genetically engineer β-cell mimetics through bi-directional plasticity is ongoing. The current consensus implicates β-cell dedifferentiation as the primary etiology of reduced β-cell mass and activity. This review aims to summarize the etiology and proposed mechanisms of β-cell dedifferentiation and to explore the possibility that there might be a time interval from the onset of β-cell dysfunction caused by dedifferentiation to the development of diabetes, which may offer a therapeutic window to reduce β-cell injury and to stabilize functionality. In addition, to investigate β-cell plasticity, we review strategies for β-cell regeneration utilizing genetic programming, small molecules, cytokines, and bioengineering to transdifferentiate other cell types into β-cells; the development of biomimetic acellular constructs to generate fully functional β-cell-mimetics. However, the maturation of regenerated β-cells is currently limited. Further studies are needed to develop simple and efficient reprogramming methods for assembling perfectly functional β-cells. Future investigations are necessary to transform diabetes into a potentially curable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence should be addressed to C Zhang:
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7
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Trinh HS, Luong TH, Lai TT, Nguyen TK. Mixed pancreatic hepatoid carcinoma: A surgical case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 83:105951. [PMID: 33971555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatoid carcinoma (HC) is a rare type of malignant tumor that shared similar features of morphology and immunohistochemistry with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pancreatic HC exists as either pure or mixed type. Mixed pancreatic HC is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature to date. Because of the rarity of mixed pancreatic HC, its clinical features including incidence, characteristics, and prognosis remain unclear. We herein report a case of a 49-year-old man who was diagnosed with mixed pancreatic HC with neuroendocrine differentiation and was treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. We also review the existing case reports in literature. PRESENTATION A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital after a chronic abdominal pain in the upper right quadrant. Abdominal ultrasound revealed only one low-density retroperitoneal mass measured at 20 × 48mm in size in the pancreatic-duodenal junction, whereas contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed three lymphatic neoplasms measured at 28 × 22 × 30 mm, 27 × 33 × 38 mm and 22 × 35 × 48 mm in size in the retroperitoneal pancreatic-duodenal junction. Ultrasound-guided tumor biopsy was performed. Pathological reading of tumor biopsy suspected of Paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma. Laparotomic retroperitoneal tumoral resection and lymphadenectomy was then performed. Histological reading was lymphatic metastasis of primary pancreatic hepatocellular carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, which were immunohistochemically positive for CKAE1/AE3, Hepatocyte paraffin 1, Chromogranin. After three weeks of the first surgery, the patient was assigned with Positron Emission Tomography - Computed Tomography (PET-CT) before adjuvant chemotherapy, revealing a low-density high-metabolism mass, 26 × 28 mm in size within the parenchyma of pancreatic head. Laparotomic pancreaticoduodenectomy and standard lymphadenectomy was performed to resect one mass, which revealed the same immunohistology features with the first mass. The patient was followed up with FOLFIRINOX protocol, and after 12 cycles, there was no evidence of postoperative recurrence. DISCUSSION There are few reported cases describing pancreatic hepatoid carcinoma, especially mixed form with other histological associated component. Neuroendocrine differentiation is the majority associated component with 62.5% of all cases of mixed - type form. CONCLUSION Primary pancreatic hepatocellular carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation was rare, biopsy and immunohistochemistry appeared with high diagnostic value in this case. The prognosis of pancreatic HC depends on the extent and tumor eradication, and in this case we recorded no postoperative complications and no recurrence in the 6-month follow-up period.
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Iacob R, Herlea V, Savu L, R Florea I, M Ilie V, Terinte-Balcan G, Gherghiceanu M, Uta M, Popa C, Iacob S, V Matei I, Jardan C, Lixandru D, Dima S, Meivar-Levy I, Ferber S, Popescu I. Phenotypic assessment of liver-derived cell cultures during in vitro expansion. Regen Med 2021; 16:33-46. [PMID: 33533664 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cells represent an attractive source of cells for autologous regenerative medicine. The present study assesses the liver cells' stability during in vitro expansion, as a prerequisite for therapeutic use. Results: The human liver cell cultures in this study were propagated efficiently in vitro for at least 12 passages. No significant changes in morphology, intracellular ultrastructures and characteristic markers expression were found during in vitro expansion of cells from all analyzed donors. However, expanded cells derived from male donors of >60 years old, lost the Y chromosome. Conclusion: Liver-derived cell cultures adopt a proliferative, stable mesenchymal phenotype, through an epithelial to mesenchymal transition process. The molecular and phenotypic changes of the cells during propagation are uniform, despite the heterogeneity of the different donors. Loss of Y chromosome occurs after cells' propagation in elder male donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Iacob
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Center for Digestive Diseases & Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine & Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, 020021, Romania
| | - Vlad Herlea
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Center for Digestive Diseases & Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania
| | - Lorand Savu
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania
| | - Ioana R Florea
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania.,Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 030018, Romania
| | - Veronica M Ilie
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania.,Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 030018, Romania
| | - George Terinte-Balcan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Pathology, 'Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gherghiceanu
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Pathology, 'Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Mihaela Uta
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania
| | - Codruta Popa
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine & Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, 020021, Romania
| | - Speranta Iacob
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Center for Digestive Diseases & Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine & Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, 020021, Romania
| | - Ioan V Matei
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania
| | - Cerasela Jardan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine & Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, 020021, Romania
| | - Daniela Lixandru
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine & Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, 020021, Romania
| | - Simona Dima
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Center for Digestive Diseases & Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania
| | - Irit Meivar-Levy
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania.,The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.,Orgenesis Ltd, Ness Ziona, 7414002, Israel
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania.,The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.,Orgenesis Ltd, Ness Ziona, 7414002, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Irinel Popescu
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Center for Digestive Diseases & Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania.,Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, 040441, Romania
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9
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Matei IV, Meivar-Levy I, Lixandru D, Dima S, Florea IR, Ilie VM, Albulescu R, Popescu I, Ferber S. The effect of liver donors' age, gender and metabolic state on pancreatic lineage activation. Regen Med 2021; 16:19-31. [PMID: 33527839 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous cells replacement therapy by liver to pancreas transdifferentiation (TD) allows diabetic patients to be also the donors of their own therapeutic tissue. Aim: To analyze whether the efficiency of the process is affected by liver donors' heterogeneity with regard to age, gender and the metabolic state. Materials & methods: TD of liver cells derived from nondiabetic and diabetic donors at different ages was characterized at molecular and cellular levels, in vitro. Results: Neither liver cells proliferation nor the propagated cells TD efficiency directly correlate with the age (3-60 years), gender or the metabolic state of the donors. Conclusion: Human liver cells derived from a wide array of ages and metabolic states can be used for autologous cells therapies for diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan V Matei
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
| | - Irit Meivar-Levy
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5262100, Israel
- Orgenesis Ltd, Ness Ziona, 7414002, Israel
| | - Daniela Lixandru
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania
- University of Medicine & Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, 050474, Romania
| | - Simona Dima
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania
| | - Ioana R Florea
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Bucharest, 050663, Romania
| | - Veronica M Ilie
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Bucharest, 050663, Romania
| | - Radu Albulescu
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- National Institute for Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D, Bucharest,031299, Romania
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Irinel Popescu
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, 022328, Romania
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 040441, Romania
- The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5262100, Israel
- Orgenesis Ltd, Ness Ziona, 7414002, Israel
- ,Department of Human Genetics, Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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10
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Arroyave F, Montaño D, Lizcano F. Diabetes Mellitus Is a Chronic Disease that Can Benefit from Therapy with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228685. [PMID: 33217903 PMCID: PMC7698772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, with an increasing incidence worldwide. The impact of DM on public health in developing countries has triggered alarm due to the exaggerated costs of the treatment and monitoring of patients with this disease. Considerable efforts have been made to try to prevent the onset and reduce the complications of DM. However, because insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells progressively deteriorate, many people must receive insulin through subcutaneous injection. Additionally, current therapies do not have consistent results regarding the prevention of chronic complications. Leveraging the approval of real-time continuous glucose monitors and sophisticated algorithms that partially automate insulin infusion pumps has improved glycemic control, decreasing the burden of diabetes management. However, these advances are facing physiologic barriers. New findings in molecular and cellular biology have produced an extraordinary advancement in tissue development for the treatment of DM. Obtaining pancreatic β-cells from somatic cells is a great resource that currently exists for patients with DM. Although this therapeutic option has great prospects for patients, some challenges remain for this therapeutic plan to be used clinically. The purpose of this review is to describe the new techniques in cell biology and regenerative medicine as possible treatments for DM. In particular, this review highlights the origin of induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) and how they have begun to emerge as a regenerative treatment that may mitigate the pathology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Arroyave
- Doctoral Program in Biosciences, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250008, CU, Colombia;
| | - Diana Montaño
- Center of Biomedical Investigation (CIBUS), Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250008, CU, Colombia;
| | - Fernando Lizcano
- Doctoral Program in Biosciences, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250008, CU, Colombia;
- Center of Biomedical Investigation (CIBUS), Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250008, CU, Colombia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-3144120052 or +57-18615555 (ext. 23906)
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11
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, which affects more than 463 million people globally, is caused by the autoimmune ablation or functional loss of insulin-producing β-cells, and prevalence is projected to continue rising over the next decades. Generating β-cells to mitigate the aberrant glucose homeostasis manifested in the disease has remained elusive. Substantial advances have been made in producing mature β-cells from human pluripotent stem cells that respond appropriately to dynamic changes in glucose concentrations in vitro and rapidly function in vivo following transplantation in mice. Other potential avenues to produce functional β-cells include: transdifferentiation of closely related cell types (for example, other pancreatic islet cells such as α-cells, or other cells derived from endoderm); the engineering of non-β-cells that are capable of modulating blood sugar; and the construction of synthetic 'cells' or particles mimicking functional aspects of β-cells. This Review focuses on the current status of generating β-cells via these diverse routes, highlighting the unique advantages and challenges of each approach. Given the remarkable progress in this field, scalable bioengineering processes are also discussed for the realization of the therapeutic potential of derived β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika G Nair
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Tzanakakis
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ma S, Yang M, Zhou W, Dai L, Ding Y, Guo X, Yuan Y, Tang J, Li D, Wang X. An Efficient and Footprint-Free Protocol for the Transdifferentiation of Hepatocytes Into Insulin-Producing Cells With IVT mRNAs. Front Genet 2020; 11:575. [PMID: 32655618 PMCID: PMC7325981 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Direct transdifferentiation of adult somatic cells into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) is a promising approach for cell-based therapies for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Liver cells are an ideal source for generating IPCs because they have regenerative ability and a developmental process similar to that of the pancreas. Pancreas versus liver fate is regulated by TALE homeoprotein (TGIF2) during development. Here, we wanted to investigate whether TGIF2 could enhance the efficiency of transdifferentiation of hepatocytes into IPCs induced by three pancreatic transcription factors (pTFs), i.e., Pdx1, NeuroD, and Mafa, which are crucial for pancreatic development in the embryo. Methods The in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNAs of TGIF2 and the three pTFs were synthesized in vitro and sequentially supplemented in hepatocytes. On day 6, the expression of transcription factors was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and insulin expression was detected by immunofluorescence. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The key genes controlling cell polarity and the Wnt/PCP signaling pathway were assayed by qRT-PCR, and the level of JNK protein phosphorylation, which regulates the Wnt/PCP signaling pathway, was detected by western blotting. Results IVT mRNAs could be efficiently transfected into hepatocytes. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results revealed that compared with ectopic expression of the three pTFs alone, ectopic expression of the three pTFs plus TGIF2 could strongly reduce hepatic gene expression and subsequently improve the induction of a set of pancreatic genes. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that TGIF2 expression could double the transdifferentiation yield; 30% of the cells were insulin positive if induced by TGIF2 plus the 3 pTFs, while only 15% of the cells were insulin positive if induced by the three pTFs alone. ELISA analysis confirmed that glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was less efficient after transfection with the three pTFs alone. The differentiated cells derived from the addition of TGIF2 mRNA could form islet-like clusters. By contrast, the cells differentiated with the three pTFs did not form clusters under the same conditions. Tgif2 induced transdifferentiation more efficiently by remodeling the expression of genes in the Wnt/PCP pathway. Overexpression of TGIF2 in hepatocytes could activate the expression of key genes controlling cell polarity and genes in the Wnt/PCP signaling pathway, increasing the level of JNK protein phosphorylation. Conclusions Our study established a novel footprint-free protocol for efficient transdifferentiation of hepatocytes into IPCs using IVT mRNAs of TGIF2 and 3 pTFs, which paved the way toward a clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinan Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Medical, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Longjun Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yan Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xingrong Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Junming Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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