1
|
Behrooz AB, Cordani M, Fiore A, Donadelli M, Gordon JW, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. The obesity-autophagy-cancer axis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 99:24-44. [PMID: 38309540 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-degradative process vital for cellular homeostasis, plays a significant role in adipose tissue metabolism and tumorigenesis. This review aims to elucidate the complex interplay between autophagy, obesity, and cancer development, with a specific emphasis on how obesity-driven changes affect the regulation of autophagy and subsequent implications for cancer risk. The burgeoning epidemic of obesity underscores the relevance of this research, particularly given the established links between obesity, autophagy, and various cancers. Our exploration delves into hormonal influence, notably INS (insulin) and LEP (leptin), on obesity and autophagy interactions. Further, we draw attention to the latest findings on molecular factors linking obesity to cancer, including hormonal changes, altered metabolism, and secretory autophagy. We posit that targeting autophagy modulation may offer a potent therapeutic approach for obesity-associated cancer, pointing to promising advancements in nanocarrier-based targeted therapies for autophagy modulation. However, we also recognize the challenges inherent to these approaches, particularly concerning their precision, control, and the dual roles autophagy can play in cancer. Future research directions include identifying novel biomarkers, refining targeted therapies, and harmonizing these approaches with precision medicine principles, thereby contributing to a more personalized, effective treatment paradigm for obesity-mediated cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sato S. Adipo-oncology: adipocyte-derived factors govern engraftment, survival, and progression of metastatic cancers. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:52. [PMID: 38238841 PMCID: PMC10797898 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapies for metastatic cancers have limited efficacy. Recently, cancer therapies targeting noncancerous cells in tumor microenvironments have shown improved clinical outcomes in patients. However, further advances in our understanding of the metastatic tumor microenvironment are required to improve treatment outcomes. Adipocytes are distributed throughout the body, and as a part of the metastatic tumor microenvironment, they interact with cancer cells in almost all organs. Adipocytes secrete various factors that are reported to exert clinical effects on cancer progression, including engraftment, survival, and expansion at the metastatic sites. However, only a few studies have comprehensively examined their impact on cancer cells. In this review, we examined the impact of adipocytes on cancer by describing the adipocyte-secreted factors that are involved in controlling metastatic cancer, focusing on adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, chemerin, resistin, apelin, and omentin. Adipocyte-secreted factors promote cancer metastasis and contribute to various biological functions of cancer cells, including migration, invasion, proliferation, immune evasion, and drug resistance at the metastatic sites. We propose the establishment and expansion of "adipo-oncology" as a research field to enhance the comprehensive understanding of the role of adipocytes in metastatic cancers and the development of more robust metastatic cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sato
- Morphological Analysis Laboratory, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, 2-3-2, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Caruso A, Gelsomino L, Panza S, Accattatis FM, Naimo GD, Barone I, Giordano C, Catalano S, Andò S. Leptin: A Heavyweight Player in Obesity-Related Cancers. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1084. [PMID: 37509120 PMCID: PMC10377641 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, defined as the abnormal or excessive expansion of white adipose tissue, has reached pandemic proportions and is recognized as an important health concern since it is a common root for several comorbidities, including malignancies. Indeed, the current knowledge of the white adipose tissue, which shifts its role from an energy storage tissue to an important endocrine and metabolic organ, has opened up new avenues for the discovery of obesity's effects on tumor biology. In this review, we will report the epidemiological studies concerning the strong impact of obesity in several types of cancer and describe the mechanisms underlying the heterotypic signals between cancer cell lines and adipocytes, with particular emphasis on inflammation, the insulin/IGF-1 axis, and adipokines. Among the adipokines, we will further describe the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data concerning the role of leptin, recognized as one of the most important mediators of obesity-associated cancers. In fact, leptin physiologically regulates energy metabolism, appetite, and reproduction, and several studies have also described the role of leptin in affecting cancer development and progression. Finally, we will summarize the newest pharmacological strategies aimed at mitigating the protumorigenic effects of leptin, underlining their mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Caruso
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Felice Maria Accattatis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ayed K, Nabi L, Akrout R, Mrizak H, Gorrab A, Bacha D, Boussen H, Gati A. Obesity and cancer: focus on leptin. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08525-y. [PMID: 37227675 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, obesity has grown to epidemic proportions worldwide. It has been associated with an increased risk for different types of cancer. In addition, obesity has been associated with a poor prognosis, an increased risk of metastasis and mortality, and resistance to anti-cancer therapies. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the obesity-cancer connection have not yet been fully elucidated. However, this connection could result, at least in part, from the action of adipokines, whose levels are increased in obesity. Among these adipokines, evidence suggests leptin's critical role in linking obesity to cancer. In this review, we first summarize the current state of the literature regarding the implication of leptin in tumorigenic processes. Next, we focus on the effects of leptin on the anti-tumor immune response. Then, we discuss the influence of leptin on the efficiency of antineoplastic treatments and the development of tumor resistance. Finally, we highlight the use of leptin as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khouloud Ayed
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lamis Nabi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Akrout
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hela Mrizak
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amal Gorrab
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Bacha
- Anatomopathology Department, Mongi Slim Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Medical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Asma Gati
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dincer F, Atmaca H, Akman L, Oktay LM, Karaca B, Terek MC. Effects of leptin on the viability of human ovarian cancer cells and changes in cytokine expression levels. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15246. [PMID: 37155466 PMCID: PMC10122840 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with increased mortality among ovarian cancer and is a poor prognostic factor. There are significant links between the leptin hormone, a product of the obesity gene, and the development of ovarian cancer. Leptin is a vital hormone-like cytokine secreted from adipose tissue and is mainly involved in the maintenance of energy homeostasis. It regulates several intracellular signaling pathways and also interacts with various hormones and energy regulators. It acts as a growth factor by stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation and in this way contributes to cancer cell development. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of leptin on human ovarian cancer cells. Methods In this study, the effects of increasing the concentration of leptin were investigated on the cell viability of OVCAR-3 and MDAH-2774 ovarian cancer lines by MTT assay. Moreover, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of leptin in ovarian cancer cells, changes in the expression levels of 80 cytokines were evaluated after leptin treatment via a human cytokine antibody array. Results Leptin increases the proliferation of both ovarian cancer cell lines. IL-1 level was increased in OVCAR-3 cells and TGF-β level was increased in MDAH-2774 cells after leptin treatment. A decrease in IL-2, MCP-2/CCL8 and MCP-3/CCL7 levels was detected in both ovarian cancer cell lines with leptin administration. An increase in IL-3 and IL-10 expressions, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 levels were detected in both ovarian cancer cell lines with leptin administration. In conclusion; leptin has a proliferative effect on human ovarian cancer cell lines and affects different cytokines in different types of ovarian cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Dincer
- Divison of Gynecologic Oncology, Health Sciences University İzmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Harika Atmaca
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Levent Akman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Divison of Gynecologic Oncology, Ege University, Bayraklı, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Latife Merve Oktay
- Department of Medical Biology, Medicine Faculty, Ege University, Bayraklı, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Burcak Karaca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tulay Aktas Oncology Hospital, Ege University, Bayraklı, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cosan Terek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Divison of Gynecologic Oncology, Ege University, Bayraklı, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Harris BHL, Macaulay VM, Harris DA, Klenerman P, Karpe F, Lord SR, Harris AL, Buffa FM. Obesity: a perfect storm for carcinogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:491-515. [PMID: 36038791 PMCID: PMC9470699 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-related cancers account for 40% of the cancer cases observed in the USA and obesity is overtaking smoking as the most widespread modifiable risk factor for carcinogenesis. Here, we use the hallmarks of cancer framework to delineate how obesity might influence the carcinogenic hallmarks in somatic cells. We discuss the effects of obesity on (a) sustaining proliferative signaling; (b) evading growth suppressors; (c) resisting cell death; (d) enabling replicative immortality; (e) inducing angiogenesis; (f) activating invasion and metastasis; (g) reprogramming energy metabolism; and (h) avoiding immune destruction, together with its effects on genome instability and tumour-promoting inflammation. We present the current understanding and controversies in this evolving field, and highlight some areas in need of further cross-disciplinary focus. For instance, the relative importance of the many potentially causative obesity-related factors is unclear for each type of malignancy. Even within a single tumour type, it is currently unknown whether one obesity-related factor consistently plays a predominant role, or if this varies between patients or, even in a single patient with time. Clarifying how the hallmarks are affected by obesity may lead to novel prevention and treatment strategies for the increasingly obese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H L Harris
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK. .,St Anne's College, 56 Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6HS, UK.
| | - Valentine M Macaulay
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | | | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Simon R Lord
- Early Phase Clinical Trials Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Benot-Dominguez R, Cimini A, Barone D, Giordano A, Pentimalli F. The Emerging Role of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors in Treating Diet-Induced Obesity: New Opportunities for Breast and Ovarian Cancers? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2709. [PMID: 35681689 PMCID: PMC9179653 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity constitute the most impactful lifestyle-dependent risk factors for cancer and have been tightly linked to a higher number of tumor-related deaths nowadays. The excessive accumulation of energy can lead to an imbalance in the level of essential cellular biomolecules that may result in inflammation and cell-cycle dysregulation. Nutritional strategies and phytochemicals are gaining interest in the management of obesity-related cancers, with several ongoing and completed clinical studies that support their effectiveness. At the same time, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are becoming an important target in breast and ovarian cancer treatment, with various FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitors that have recently received more attention for their potential role in diet-induced obesity (DIO). Here we provide an overview of the most recent studies involving nutraceuticals and other dietary strategies affecting cell-cycle pathways, which might impact the management of breast and ovarian cancers, as well as the repurposing of already commercialized chemotherapeutic options to treat DIO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyes Benot-Dominguez
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (R.B.-D.); (A.G.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Daniela Barone
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (R.B.-D.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Assidi M, Yahya FM, Al-Zahrani MH, Elkhatib R, Zari A, Elaimi A, Al-Maghrabi J, Dallol A, Buhmeida A, Abu-Elmagd M. Leptin Protein Expression and Promoter Methylation in Ovarian Cancer: A Strong Prognostic Value with Theranostic Promises. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12872. [PMID: 34884678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest among all gynecological cancers. Epidemiological studies showed that obesity might influence many cancers including OC. One of the key factors that may link obesity and OC is leptin (LEP), known as an adipokine with pleiotropic effects on body homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the expression pattern of LEP, assess the methylation profiles of LEP and their associations with clinicopathological features including survival outcomes of OC patients. The protein expression of LEP was evaluated in 208 samples using both tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry techniques. The methylation profiles of LEP were measured in 63 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using a MethyLight assay. Our results showed a significant association of LEP protein overexpression with several clinicopathological variables, mainly tumor subtype, LVI, age of menarche, tumor size and stage (p < 0.04). Kaplan-Meier analysis (using low expression versus high expression as a discriminator) indicated that LEP protein overexpression is a powerful positive prognosticator of both OC recurrence (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in our OC cohort (log-rank p = 0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). This implies that patients with high LEP expression profiles live longer with less recurrence rates. Methylation analysis results demonstrated a clear association between no/low LEP protein expression pattern (38%) and LEP promoter CpG island hypermethylation (43%). Results of this study suggest that LEP is a powerful prognosticator of OC recurrence and DSS. LEP expression in OC seems to be regulated by its promoter hypermethylation through gene partial/total silencing. Further multi-institutional studies using larger cohorts are required to demystify the intricate molecular functions of this leptin-driven effects in OC pathophysiology and to accurately assess its theranostic potential and validate its prognostic/predictive power in OC onset, progression towards more effective and personalized management of OC patients.
Collapse
|
9
|
Umar MI, Hassan W, Murtaza G, Buabeid M, Arafa E, Irfan HM, Asmawi MZ, Huang X. The Adipokine Component in the Molecular Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival, Proliferation and Metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609828. [PMID: 34588926 PMCID: PMC8473628 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A hormonal imbalance may disrupt the rigorously monitored cellular microenvironment by hampering the natural homeostatic mechanisms. The most common example of such hormonal glitch could be seen in obesity where the uprise in adipokine levels is in virtue of the expanding bulk of adipose tissue. Such aberrant endocrine signaling disrupts the regulation of cellular fate, rendering the cells to live in a tumor supportive microenvironment. Previously, it was believed that the adipokines support cancer proliferation and metastasis with no direct involvement in neoplastic transformations and tumorigenesis. However, the recent studies have reported discrete mechanisms that establish the direct involvement of adipokine signaling in tumorigenesis. Moreover, the individual adipokine profile of the patients has never been considered in the prognosis and staging of the disease. Hence, the present manuscript has focused on the reported extensive mechanisms that culminate the basis of poor prognosis and diminished survival rate in obese cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elshaimaa Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xianju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang Y, Zhan L, Lu Y, Chen H, Qin S, Liang Z, Li H, Wei W, Li S, Qin X. Association of LEPR gene polymorphisms with the risk of hepatitis B virus-related liver disease in Guangxi Chinese: A case-control study. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 84:104366. [PMID: 32428570 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Leptin receptor (LEPR) signaling inhibits apoptosis, promotes angiogenesis and proliferation, and plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. Variants of the LEPR gene may be key factors in the growth of human malignant tumors. However, the relationship between LEPR polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, we further investigated the association between LEPR polymorphisms and the risk of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC), and HCC in a southern Guangxi Chinese population. METHOD Two LEPR polymorphisms (rs1137100 and rs1137101) were genotyped in 138 CHB patients, 136 patients with LC, 149 HCC patients, and 146 healthy controls using the SNaPshot method. RESULTS We did not observe any significant difference in the LEPR rs1137100 and rs1137101 polymorphisms between the groups of healthy controls and patients (all p > 0.05), regardless of genotypes, alleles, or haplotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the genetic variants of the LEPR gene are not associated with the risk of HBV-related liver diseases (CHB, LC, and HCC) in the Guangxi population. Further studies are necessary to validate these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, RuiKang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lingling Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Huaping Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Simeng Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Skirnisdottir I, Akerud H, Seidal T, Sundstrom-Poromaa I. Cell Cycle Regulator p27 Mediates Body Mass Index Effects in Ovarian Cancer in FIGO-stages I-II. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:443-450. [PMID: 31659099 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI), the biomarker p27, and the clinical factors in FIGO-stages I-II ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 128 patients with ovarian cancer were included in the study. For testing differences in univariate analyzes we used the Pearson's Chi-square test and the log-rank test. For multivariate analyses the logistic regression and Cox regression models were used with recurrent disease and disease-free survival as endpoints, respectively. RESULTS Patients with BMI ≤25 kg/m2 had a significantly better 5-year disease-free survival compared with patients with BMI >25 kg/m2 in the total series of patients (p=0.008), and in the series of patients (n=77) with non-serous tumors (p=0.047). Patients with p27-positive non-serous tumors had higher survival compared to patients with p27-negative non-serous tumors (p=0.020). CONCLUSION The cell cycle regulator p27 mediates BMI effects in ovarian cancer in FIGO-stages I-II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Akerud
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Seidal
- Department of Pathology, Halmstad Medical Center Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fortner RT, Poole EM, Wentzensen NA, Trabert B, White E, Arslan AA, Patel AV, Setiawan VW, Visvanathan K, Weiderpass E, Adami HO, Black A, Bernstein L, Brinton LA, Buring J, Clendenen TV, Fournier A, Fraser G, Gapstur SM, Gaudet MM, Giles GG, Gram IT, Hartge P, Hoffman-Bolton J, Idahl A, Kaaks R, Kirsh VA, Knutsen S, Koh WP, Lacey JV, Lee IM, Lundin E, Merritt MA, Milne RL, Onland-Moret NC, Peters U, Poynter JN, Rinaldi S, Robien K, Rohan T, Sánchez MJ, Schairer C, Schouten LJ, Tjonneland A, Townsend MK, Travis RC, Trichopoulou A, van den Brandt PA, Vineis P, Wilkens L, Wolk A, Yang HP, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Tworoger SS. Ovarian cancer risk factors by tumor aggressiveness: An analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium. Int J Cancer 2019. [PMID: 30561796 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32075] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer risk factors differ by histotype; however, within subtype, there is substantial variability in outcomes. We hypothesized that risk factor profiles may influence tumor aggressiveness, defined by time between diagnosis and death, independent of histology. Among 1.3 million women from 21 prospective cohorts, 4,584 invasive epithelial ovarian cancers were identified and classified as highly aggressive (death in <1 year, n = 864), very aggressive (death in 1 to < 3 years, n = 1,390), moderately aggressive (death in 3 to < 5 years, n = 639), and less aggressive (lived 5+ years, n = 1,691). Using competing risks Cox proportional hazards regression, we assessed heterogeneity of associations by tumor aggressiveness for all cases and among serous and endometrioid/clear cell tumors. Associations between parity (phet = 0.01), family history of ovarian cancer (phet = 0.02), body mass index (BMI; phet ≤ 0.04) and smoking (phet < 0.01) and ovarian cancer risk differed by aggressiveness. A first/single pregnancy, relative to nulliparity, was inversely associated with highly aggressive disease (HR: 0.72; 95% CI [0.58-0.88]), no association was observed for subsequent pregnancies (per pregnancy, 0.97 [0.92-1.02]). In contrast, first and subsequent pregnancies were similarly associated with less aggressive disease (0.87 for both). Family history of ovarian cancer was only associated with risk of less aggressive disease (1.94 [1.47-2.55]). High BMI (≥35 vs. 20 to < 25 kg/m2 , 1.93 [1.46-2.56] and current smoking (vs. never, 1.30 [1.07-1.57]) were associated with increased risk of highly aggressive disease. Results were similar within histotypes. Ovarian cancer risk factors may be directly associated with subtypes defined by tumor aggressiveness, rather than through differential effects on histology. Studies to assess biological pathways are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth M Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nicolas A Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | | | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Julie Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Agnès Fournier
- CESP "Health across Generations," INSERM, Univ Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Inger T Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | | | - Annika Idahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria A Kirsh
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eva Lundin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa A Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jenny N Poynter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kim Robien
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Thomas Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Catherine Schairer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Leo J Schouten
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mary K Townsend
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece.,WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom.,HuGeF Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | | | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fortner RT, Poole EM, Wentzensen NA, Trabert B, White E, Arslan AA, Patel AV, Setiawan VW, Visvanathan K, Weiderpass E, Adami HO, Black A, Bernstein L, Brinton LA, Buring J, Clendenen TV, Fournier A, Fraser G, Gapstur SM, Gaudet MM, Giles GG, Gram IT, Hartge P, Hoffman-Bolton J, Idahl A, Kaaks R, Kirsh VA, Knutsen S, Koh WP, Lacey JV, Lee IM, Lundin E, Merritt MA, Milne RL, Onland-Moret NC, Peters U, Poynter JN, Rinaldi S, Robien K, Rohan T, Sánchez MJ, Schairer C, Schouten LJ, Tjonneland A, Townsend MK, Travis RC, Trichopoulou A, van den Brandt PA, Vineis P, Wilkens L, Wolk A, Yang HP, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Tworoger SS. Ovarian cancer risk factors by tumor aggressiveness: An analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:58-69. [PMID: 30561796 PMCID: PMC6488363 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer risk factors differ by histotype; however, within subtype, there is substantial variability in outcomes. We hypothesized that risk factor profiles may influence tumor aggressiveness, defined by time between diagnosis and death, independent of histology. Among 1.3 million women from 21 prospective cohorts, 4,584 invasive epithelial ovarian cancers were identified and classified as highly aggressive (death in <1 year, n = 864), very aggressive (death in 1 to < 3 years, n = 1,390), moderately aggressive (death in 3 to < 5 years, n = 639), and less aggressive (lived 5+ years, n = 1,691). Using competing risks Cox proportional hazards regression, we assessed heterogeneity of associations by tumor aggressiveness for all cases and among serous and endometrioid/clear cell tumors. Associations between parity (phet = 0.01), family history of ovarian cancer (phet = 0.02), body mass index (BMI; phet ≤ 0.04) and smoking (phet < 0.01) and ovarian cancer risk differed by aggressiveness. A first/single pregnancy, relative to nulliparity, was inversely associated with highly aggressive disease (HR: 0.72; 95% CI [0.58-0.88]), no association was observed for subsequent pregnancies (per pregnancy, 0.97 [0.92-1.02]). In contrast, first and subsequent pregnancies were similarly associated with less aggressive disease (0.87 for both). Family history of ovarian cancer was only associated with risk of less aggressive disease (1.94 [1.47-2.55]). High BMI (≥35 vs. 20 to < 25 kg/m2 , 1.93 [1.46-2.56] and current smoking (vs. never, 1.30 [1.07-1.57]) were associated with increased risk of highly aggressive disease. Results were similar within histotypes. Ovarian cancer risk factors may be directly associated with subtypes defined by tumor aggressiveness, rather than through differential effects on histology. Studies to assess biological pathways are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée T. Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth M. Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas A. Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alan A. Arslan
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alpa V. Patel
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center; Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | | | - Louise A. Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Julie Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Agnès Fournier
- CESP “Health across Generations”, INSERM, Univ Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Susan M. Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Inger T. Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | | | - Annika Idahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria A. Kirsh
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva Lundin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa A. Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N. Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jenny N. Poynter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kim Robien
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Thomas Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Catherine Schairer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Leo J. Schouten
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mary K. Townsend
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Piet A. van den Brandt
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
- HuGeF Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah P. Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington D.C., USA
| | | | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fortner RT, Poole EM, Wentzensen NA, Trabert B, White E, Arslan AA, Patel AV, Setiawan VW, Visvanathan K, Weiderpass E, Adami HO, Black A, Bernstein L, Brinton LA, Buring J, Clendenen TV, Fournier A, Fraser G, Gapstur SM, Gaudet MM, Giles GG, Gram IT, Hartge P, Hoffman-Bolton J, Idahl A, Kaaks R, Kirsh VA, Knutsen S, Koh WP, Lacey JV, Lee IM, Lundin E, Merritt MA, Milne RL, Onland-Moret NC, Peters U, Poynter JN, Rinaldi S, Robien K, Rohan T, Sánchez MJ, Schairer C, Schouten LJ, Tjonneland A, Townsend MK, Travis RC, Trichopoulou A, van den Brandt PA, Vineis P, Wilkens L, Wolk A, Yang HP, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Tworoger SS. Ovarian cancer risk factors by tumor aggressiveness: An analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium. Int J Cancer 2019. [PMID: 30561796 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32075]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer risk factors differ by histotype; however, within subtype, there is substantial variability in outcomes. We hypothesized that risk factor profiles may influence tumor aggressiveness, defined by time between diagnosis and death, independent of histology. Among 1.3 million women from 21 prospective cohorts, 4,584 invasive epithelial ovarian cancers were identified and classified as highly aggressive (death in <1 year, n = 864), very aggressive (death in 1 to < 3 years, n = 1,390), moderately aggressive (death in 3 to < 5 years, n = 639), and less aggressive (lived 5+ years, n = 1,691). Using competing risks Cox proportional hazards regression, we assessed heterogeneity of associations by tumor aggressiveness for all cases and among serous and endometrioid/clear cell tumors. Associations between parity (phet = 0.01), family history of ovarian cancer (phet = 0.02), body mass index (BMI; phet ≤ 0.04) and smoking (phet < 0.01) and ovarian cancer risk differed by aggressiveness. A first/single pregnancy, relative to nulliparity, was inversely associated with highly aggressive disease (HR: 0.72; 95% CI [0.58-0.88]), no association was observed for subsequent pregnancies (per pregnancy, 0.97 [0.92-1.02]). In contrast, first and subsequent pregnancies were similarly associated with less aggressive disease (0.87 for both). Family history of ovarian cancer was only associated with risk of less aggressive disease (1.94 [1.47-2.55]). High BMI (≥35 vs. 20 to < 25 kg/m2 , 1.93 [1.46-2.56] and current smoking (vs. never, 1.30 [1.07-1.57]) were associated with increased risk of highly aggressive disease. Results were similar within histotypes. Ovarian cancer risk factors may be directly associated with subtypes defined by tumor aggressiveness, rather than through differential effects on histology. Studies to assess biological pathways are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth M Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nicolas A Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alan A Arslan
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | | | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Julie Buring
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Agnès Fournier
- CESP "Health across Generations," INSERM, Univ Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Inger T Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | | | - Annika Idahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria A Kirsh
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eva Lundin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa A Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jenny N Poynter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kim Robien
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Thomas Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Catherine Schairer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Leo J Schouten
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mary K Townsend
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece.,WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom.,HuGeF Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C
| | | | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Modzelewska P, Chludzińska S, Lewko J, Reszeć J. The influence of leptin on the process of carcinogenesis. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2019; 23:63-8. [PMID: 31316286 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2019.85877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a new risk factor, to which more and more research is devoted, related to the development of cancer. Many studies of recent years have drawn attention to the role of adipose tissue as an important internal endocrine organ. In the adipose tissue proteins are produced, referred to by the common name as adipokines. In the case of obesity, the neoplasm cells are constantly stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, among which leptin dominates. The studies show that leptin can affect the cancer cells through numerous phenomena, e.g. inflammation, cell proliferation, suppression of apoptosis and angiogenesis. In this literature review we examined the role of leptin in the development of the individual cancers: breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and brain neoplasms: glioma and meningioma. However, leptin has very complicated mechanisms of action which require better understanding in certain types of cancer.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu W, Ning M, Peng Y, Tang Y, Kang X, Zhan K, Zou W, Zhang P, Tang X. Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits Formaldehyde-Induced Senescence in HT-22 Cells via Upregulation of Leptin Signaling. Neuromolecular Med 2019; 21:192-203. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-019-08536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Ray A, Fornsaglio J, Dogan S, Hedau S, Naik D, De A. Gynaecological cancers and leptin: A focus on the endometrium and ovary. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2018; 10:5-18. [PMID: 30510663 PMCID: PMC6260667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has an influence on the risk and prognosis of different types of cancers of the female reproductive tract. In the uterus, a common site for neoplasms is the endometrium, the inner lining tissue. Generally, obesity has been documented to be involved in endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium. Obesity may influence the cancer risk by various mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, dysregulation of sex hormones and abnormal secretion of hormone-like cytokines or adipokines from adipose tissue. One of the important pro-inflammatory adipokines is leptin, which acts via its transmembrane receptors (Ob-R). In normal conditions, leptin functions in the hypothalamic anorexigenic pathway to maintain the energy homeostasis. Conversely, in obesity, leptin participates in the pro-inflammatory processes. Several clinical studies have suggested that leptin and Ob-R play a role in the pathological processes of endometrial cancer. In different endometrial cancer cell lines, laboratory findings also have demonstrated leptin's link to various neoplastic phenomena such as cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and oestrogenic activity. Furthermore, endometrial cancer risk could be increased in ovarian pathology like polycystic ovary syndrome, which is commonly associated with obesity. It is noteworthy that leptin participates in both physiological and pathological conditions of the ovary. Leptin has shown pro-tumorigenic effects in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Generally, reduced serum leptin levels have been observed in ovarian cancer patients. However, overexpression of leptin and Ob-R in ovarian cancer tissue has indicated aggressive disease. Understanding the role of leptin-related intracellular signalling pathways in tumour development could be helpful in early cancer detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - J Fornsaglio
- School of Natural & Health Sciences, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - S Dogan
- Department of Medical Biology,
School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - S Hedau
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research (ICMR), Noida 201301, U.P., India
| | - D Naik
- National Institute of Traditional Medicine (ICMR), Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - A De
- Ovarian Cancer Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abdu Allah AM, El-Hefnway SM, Alhanafy AM, Zahran AM, Kasem HE. Leptin receptor gene (A/G) polymorphism rs1137101 and renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 448:137-44. [PMID: 29453609 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Leptin plays an important role in carcinogenesis as leptin/leptin receptor signaling promotes the angiogenesis, proliferation, and inhibits epithelial cell apoptosis. Variants in the leptin receptor gene have potential associations with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We aimed to investigate association of rs1137101 (A/G) polymorphism at LEPR gene with risk of RCC and patients survival. 123 individuals were classified into group I: 73 RCC patients and group II: 50 healthy controls. Genotyping of the Gln223Arg (A/G) polymorphism rs1137101 at LEPR gene was analyzed using allelic discrimination assay by Real-Time PCR technique. GG genotype was the most frequent among RCC patients (67.1%), while AA genotype was the most frequent in controls (60%); (p < 0.001). By univariate cox regression: gene polymorphism (GG versus GA +AA), stage, histopathologic subtype, and grade were found to affect survival significantly; however, the multivariate analysis showed that only gene polymorphism (GG versus GA +AA) and tumor stage significantly affect survival. LEPR gene variants rs1137101 might be a candidate risk factor for RCC in Egypt. GG genotype is associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and shorter survival compared with GA & AA genotypes so, genotyping of Gln223Arg (A/G) rs1137101 could also predict RCC outcome.
Collapse
|
19
|
Shimada H, Satohisa S, Kohno T, Takahashi S, Hatakeyama T, Konno T, Tsujiwaki M, Saito T, Kojima T. The roles of tricellular tight junction protein lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor in malignancy of human endometrial cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:27735-52. [PMID: 27036040 PMCID: PMC5053684 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) has been identified as a novel molecular constituent of tricellular contacts that have a barrier function for the cellular sheet. LSR recruits tricellulin (TRIC), which is the first molecular component of tricellular tight junctions. Knockdown of LSR increases cell motility and invasion of certain cancer cells. However, the behavior and the roles of LSR in endometrial cancer remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the behavior and roles of LSR in normal and endometrial cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. In endometriosis and endometrial cancer, LSR was observed not only in the subapical region but also throughout the lateral region as well as in normal endometrial epithelial cells in the secretory phase, and LSR in the cancer was reduced in correlation with the malignancy. Knockdown of LSR by the siRNA in cells of the endometrial cancer cell line Sawano, induced cell migration, invasion and proliferation, while TRIC relocalized from the tricellular region to the bicellular region at the membrane. In Sawano cells and normal HEEs, a decrease of LSR induced by leptin and an increase of LSR induced by adiponectin and the drugs for type 2 diabetes metformin and berberine were observed via distinct signaling pathways including JAK2/STAT. In Sawano cells, metformin and berberine prevented cell migration and invasion induced by downregulation of LSR by the siRNA and leptin treatment. The dissection of the mechanism in the downregulation of endometrial LSR during obesity is important in developing new diagnostic and therapy for endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Shimada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Seiro Satohisa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kohno
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Syunta Takahashi
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hatakeyama
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Tsujiwaki
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Raut PK, Choi DY, Kim SH, Hong JT, Kwon TK, Jeong JH, Park PH. Estrogen receptor signaling mediates leptin-induced growth of breast cancer cells via autophagy induction. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109417-35. [PMID: 29312618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin, a hormone derived from adipose tissue, promotes growth of cancer cells via multiple mechanisms. Estrogen receptor signaling is also known to stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells. However, the involvement of estrogen receptor signaling in the oncogenic actions of leptin and its underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Herein, we investigated mechanisms for estrogen receptor signaling-mediated growth of breast cancer cells, particularly focusing on autophagy, which plays a crucial role in leptin-induced tumor growth. Inhibition of estrogen receptor signaling via gene silencing or treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor (tamoxifen) abolished leptin-induced growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Interestingly, leptin-induced autophagy activation, determined by up-regulation of autophagy-related genes and autophagosome formation, was also significantly suppressed by inhibiting estrogen receptor signaling. Moreover, inhibition of estrogen receptor markedly prevented leptin-induced activation of AMPK/FoxO3A axis, which plays a crucial role in autophagy induction. Leptin-induced cell cycle progression and Bax down-regulation were also prevented by treatment with tamoxifen. The pivotal roles of estrogen receptor signaling in leptin-induced cell cycle progression, apoptosis suppression, and autophagy induction were further confirmed in MCF-7 tumor xenograft model. Taken together, these results demonstrate that estrogen receptor signaling plays a key role in leptin-induced growth of breast cancer cells via autophagy activation.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
The adipocyte-released hormone-like cytokine/adipokine leptin behaves differently in obesity compared to its functions in the normal healthy state. In obese individuals, elevated leptin levels act as a pro-inflammatory adipokine and are associated with certain types of cancers. Further, a growing body of evidence suggests that higher circulating leptin concentrations and/or elevated expression of leptin receptors (Ob-R) in tumors may be poor prognostic factors. Although the underlying pathological mechanisms of leptin's association with poor prognosis are not clear, leptin can impact the tumor microenvironment in several ways. For example, leptin is associated with a number of biological components that could lead to tumor cell invasion and distant metastasis. This includes interactions with carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, tumor promoting effects of infiltrating macrophages, activation of matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factor-β signaling, etc. Recent studies also have shown that leptin plays a role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, an important phenomenon for cancer cell migration and/or metastasis. Furthermore, leptin's potentiating effects on insulin-like growth factor-I, epidermal growth factor receptor and HER2/neu have been reported. Regarding unfavorable prognosis, leptin has been shown to influence both adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Features of poor prognosis such as tumor invasion, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis have been recorded in several cancer types with higher levels of leptin and/or Ob-R. This review will describe the current scenario in a precise manner. In general, obesity indicates poor prognosis in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - Margot P Cleary
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fiedor E, Gregoraszczuk EL. Superactive human leptin antagonist (SHLA), triple Lan1 and quadruple Lan2 leptin mutein as a promising treatment for human folliculoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 80:815-27. [PMID: 28861689 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are no data showing a direct correlation between obesity and increased blood leptin levels with folliculoma. Moreover, folliculoma is not the best studied among other ovarian cancer types. We investigated whether oestradiol can modulate ObR expression in some oestrogen-responsive tissues and that leptin exerts its activity not only via the leptin receptor but also through cross talk with other signalling systems. We hypothesise that blocking ObR expression could be a novel treatment for gonadal ovarian cancer. METHODS We evaluated the effect of SHLA, Lan1 and Lan2 blockers on cell proliferation (BrdU incorporation assay), ObR and ERα/β gene expression (qPCR), oestradiol secretion (ELISA) and cell cycle protein expression (Western blot) in the non-cancerous cell line HGrC1 and two granulosa cancer cell lines: the juvenile form (COV434) and the adult form (KGN). RESULTS ObR gene expression in cancer cell lines was 50% higher than in the non-cancer cells. Lan-1 and Lan-2 decreased ObR expression in COV434, while it had no effect in KGN cells. Higher ERβ expression in non-cancer and higher ERα expression in both cancer cell lines was noted. SHLA and Lan-1 changed the ratio towards greater expression of ERβ, characteristic of non-cancer granulosa cells. All ObR antagonists in HCrC1 and KGN but only Lan-2 in COV434 reversed leptin-stimulated proliferation. In both non-cancer and cancer granulosa cells, leptin acts as a cyclinD/cdk4, cyclin A/cdk2 and E2F inhibitor. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SHLA and Lan2 are promising leptin receptor inhibitors that can eliminate the negative effects of leptin. These compounds should be considered in further ex vivo studies on the cancer microenvironment.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most fatal gynecologic cancer and is an important source of cancer-related mortality, particularly in developed countries. Despite substantial research examining adiposity (primarily adult body mass index [BMI]), the overall evidence suggests only a weak positive association between adiposity and risk of ovarian cancer, with stronger associations observed for population-based case-control studies compared to prospective studies. Ovarian cancer is not one disease and emerging data suggest that higher BMI may only be associated with risk of certain histologic subtypes, including low-grade serous and invasive mucinous tumors. Interestingly, some larger studies and meta-analyses have reported a stronger relationship with premenopausal ovarian cancers, which are more likely to be of these subtypes. Relatively few studies have conducted detailed examinations of other adiposity-related factors such as measures of abdominal adiposity, early-life body size and weight change. While the underlying mechanisms that may relate adiposity to risk are unclear, increased inflammatory biomarkers have been associated with risk and hormonal factors, including androgen levels, may be important for the development of mucinous tumors. Future research should leverage the large sample sizes of consortia to evaluate associations by key tumor characteristics as well as consider patterns of weight change over the life course with both ovarian cancer risk and survival.
Collapse
|
24
|
Hoffmann M, Fiedor E, Ptak A. Bisphenol A and its derivatives tetrabromobisphenol A and tetrachlorobisphenol A induce apelin expression and secretion in ovarian cancer cells through a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent mechanism. Toxicol Lett 2017; 269:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
25
|
Shrestha M, Park PH. p53 signaling is involved in leptin-induced growth of hepatic and breast cancer cells. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 20:487-98. [PMID: 27610035 PMCID: PMC5014995 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.5.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Leptin, an adipokine predominantly produced from adipose tissue, is well known to induce tumor growth. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are not established yet. While p53 has long been well recognized as a potent tumor suppressor gene, accumulating evidence has also indicated its potential role in growth and survival of cancer cells depending on experimental environments. In the present study, we examined if p53 signaling is implicated in leptin-induced growth of cancer cells. Herein, we demonstrated that leptin treatment significantly increased p53 protein expression in both hepatic (HepG2) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells without significant effect on mRNA expression. Enhanced p53 expression by leptin was mediated via modulation of ubiquitination, in particular ubiquitin specific protease 2 (USP2)-dependent manner. Furthermore, gene silencing of p53 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) suppressed leptin-induced growth of hepatic and breast cancer cells, indicating the role of p53 signaling in tumor growth by leptin. In addition, we also showed that knockdown of p53 restored suppression of caspase-3 activity by leptin through modulating Bax expression and prevented leptin-induced cell cycle progression, implying the involvement of p53 signaling in the regulation of both apoptosis and cell cycle progression in cancer cells treated with leptin. Taken together, the results in the present study demonstrated the potential role of p53 signaling in leptin-induced tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fiedor E, Gregoraszczuk EŁ. The molecular mechanism of action of superactive human leptin antagonist (SHLA) and quadruple leptin mutein Lan-2 on human ovarian epithelial cell lines. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:611-22. [PMID: 27480179 PMCID: PMC5010610 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction A number of leptin receptor antagonists have been synthesised for therapeutic use, with pre-clinical tests suggesting their future use in anticancer therapy. To our knowledge, there are no data concerning the possible application of leptin receptor blockers in ovarian cancer. Methods In this study, we evaluated two leptin receptor antagonists: superactive human leptin antagonist (SHLA) and quadruple leptin mutein, Lan-2 (L39A/D40A/F41A/I42A), on cell proliferation (Alamar Blue test, BrdU assay), cell cycle gene (qPCR) and protein expression (Western blot) and cell signalling pathways (Western blot) in three different types of cell lines: OVCAR-3, CaOV-3 and HOSEpiC. Results Both receptor blockers had no effect on non-cancerous HOSEpiC cell line proliferation; however, both reversed the stimulatory effect of leptin on CaOV-3 cell line proliferation to control levels and to below control levels in OVCAR-3 cells. In metastatic carcinoma CaOV-3, both ObR antagonists had an inhibitory effect on the cdk2/cyclin D1 complex, while in serous carcinoma, OVCAR-3, they only had an effect on cdk2 and cdk4 protein expression. SHLA had an inhibitory effect on all investigated signalling pathways in OVCAR-3, while only on Stat3 in CaOV-3. Lan-2 had an inhibitory effect on Stat3 and ERK1/2 in CaOV-3, while in OVCAR-3 it only affected Akt protein phosphorylation. Conclusion Based on these results, we conclude that SHLA and Lan-2 are promising leptin receptor inhibitors which could be used to block leptin activity, eliminating its negative effects on activities related to carcinogenesis. However, the selection of a specific antagonist should be related to tumour type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Fiedor
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Chair of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Łucja Gregoraszczuk
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Chair of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jin JH, Kim HJ, Kim CY, Kim YH, Ju W, Kim SC. Association of plasma adiponectin and leptin levels with the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2016; 59:279-85. [PMID: 27462594 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2016.59.4.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Decreased adiponectin and increased leptin plasma concentrations are believed to be associated with the occurrence and progression of cancers such as endometrial cancer and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the association of plasma adiponectin and leptin levels with the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Methods For patients with ovarian cancer and the control group, adiponectin and leptin levels were measured; anthropometric data were obtained during a chart review. Statistical comparisons between groups were analyzed using the Student's t-test; correlations were confirmed using the Pearson correlation. Results The mean adiponectin and leptin concentrations in patients with ovarian cancer were lower than those of the control group (8.25 vs. 11.44 µg/mL, respectively; P=0.026) (7.09 vs. 15.4 ng/mL, respectively; P=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in adiponectin and leptin levels between early-stage (I/II) and advanced-stage (III/IV) disease (P=0.078). Conclusion Compared with other gynecological cancers, the level of adiponectin and leptin were decreased in ovarian cancer that may have some diagnostic value; additional study to elucidate the function of these two hormones in the development of ovarian carcinogenesis is necessitated.
Collapse
|
28
|
Kato S, Abarzua-Catalan L, Trigo C, Delpiano A, Sanhueza C, García K, Ibañez C, Hormazábal K, Diaz D, Brañes J, Castellón E, Bravo E, Owen G, Cuello MA. Leptin stimulates migration and invasion and maintains cancer stem-like properties in ovarian cancer cells: an explanation for poor outcomes in obese women. Oncotarget 2016; 6:21100-19. [PMID: 26053184 PMCID: PMC4673253 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence linking obesity with ovarian cancer remains controversial. Leptin is expressed at higher levels in obese women and stimulates cell migration in other epithelial cancers. Here, we explored the clinical impact of overweight/obesity on patient prognosis and leptin's effects on the metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells. We assessed clinical outcomes in 70 ovarian cancer patients (33 healthy weight and 37 overweight) that were validated with an external cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Progression-free and overall survival rates were significantly decreased in overweight patients. Similarly, a worse overall survival rate was found in TCGA patients expressing higher leptin/OB-Rb levels. We explored serum and ascites leptin levels and OB-Rb expression in our cohort. Serum and ascites leptin levels were higher in overweight patients experiencing worse survival. OB-Rb was more highly expressed in ascites and metastases than in primary tumors. Leptin exposure increased cancer cell migration/invasion through leptin-mediated activation of JAK/STAT3, PI3/AKT and RhoA/ROCK and promoted new lamellipodial, stress-fiber and focal adhesion formation. Leptin also contributed to the maintenance of stemness and the mesenchymal phenotype in ovarian cancer cells. Our findings demonstrate that leptin stimulated ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion, offering a potential explanation for the poor prognosis among obese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumie Kato
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Abarzua-Catalan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Trigo
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Delpiano
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Sanhueza
- Department Hematology and Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karen García
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Ibañez
- Department Hematology and Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katherine Hormazábal
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Diaz
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Brañes
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Erasmo Bravo
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Hospital Gustavo Fricke, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Gareth Owen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio A Cuello
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chirumbolo S. Vitamin D3 in cancer prevention and therapy: the nutritional issue. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2016; 23:71-8. [PMID: 26057218 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2015-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The action of vitamin D3, in its biological form 1α,25(OH)2vitD3 or calcitriol, may be summarized as a steroid-like hormone able to modulate basic functions of cell encompassing energy balance, stress response, mitochondria biogenesis, intracellular calcium oscillations, and replication/apoptosis mechanisms leading to cell survival. Moreover, calcitriol exerts a potent role as an innate and adaptive immune cytokine as immunity is closely related to self-maintenance through its energetic/metabolic balance and homeostasis of cell turnover. Therefore, vitamin D might be the ancestral form of survival hormones developed with calcified vertebrate bearing skeleton in order to survive far from water. This characteristic may suggest that the role of dietary vitamin D in preventing cancer is simply ancillary to the many factors playing a major role in contrasting impairment in energy balance and cell survival. Most probably, the immune role of calcitriol might be included in the maintenance, mostly by adipose tissue, of an anti-inflammatory, tolerant immune status, depending on the immune tolerance and modulation from the gut. A balance closely modulated by the leptin axis, which when impairments in metabolism occur, such as in insulin resistance or obesity, calcitriol is unable to face at this imbalance, while leptin plays a major role and cancer progression may be promoted. Furthermore, this mechanism promotes epithelial/mesenchymal transition-mediated fibrosis, leading to cancer resistance to immune control and drug action. Interestingly, this pathologic picture is triggered by deficiency in vitamin D from the diet. Therefore, a dietary habit including vitamin D sources, besides flavonoids, may ameliorate lifestyle and health span in most individuals, depending on their genetic background.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that leptin is expressed at higher levels in obese women and stimulates cell migration in epithelial cancers. However, the biology of ovarian cancer is different from others, mainly due to the production of estrogens because of the involvement of ovarian tissue, which is the main source of estrogens; as a result, the levels are at least 100- to 1000-fold higher than normal circulating levels. Thus, ovarian cancer tissues are exposed to 17β-estradiol, which promotes ovarian cancer cell migration and may modulate the effect of other hormones. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 17β-estradiol (1 nmol/L) with leptin (1-40 ng/mL) at physiological levels, on the migration of OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells, and the expression levels and activity of metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9. Here, we found that leptin stimulated ovarian cancer cell line migration, which is mediated via the expression and activity of MMP-9 in the OVCAR-3 but not in the SKOV-3 cells. After the administration of 17β-estradiol and leptin, we observed antagonistic effects of 17β-estradiol on leptin-induced OVCAR-3 cell migration and MMP-9 expression and activity. Moreover, the antagonistic effect of 17β-estradiol on leptin-induced cancer cell migration was reversed by pretreatment of the cells with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibitor. Taken together, our results, for the first time, show that in ovarian cancer cells ObR+/ER+, 17β-estradiol has an antagonistic effect on leptin-induced cell migration as well as MMP-9 expression and activity, which is mediated by the PI3K pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Chair of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Fiedor
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Chair of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Ptak
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Chair of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fan Y, Gan Y, Shen Y, Cai X, Song Y, Zhao F, Yao M, Gu J, Tu H. Leptin signaling enhances cell invasion and promotes the metastasis of human pancreatic cancer via increasing MMP-13 production. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16120-34. [PMID: 25948792 PMCID: PMC4599260 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has suggested that leptin, an adipokine related to energy homeostasis, plays a role in cancer growth and metastasis. However, its impact on pancreatic cancer is rarely studied. In this study, we found that leptin's functional receptor Ob-Rb was expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Treatment with leptin enhanced the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells but did not affect the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells. Leptin up-regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The overexpression of leptin was shown to significantly promote tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in a subcutaneous model and an orthotopic model of human pancreatic cancer, respectively. Furthermore, in human pancreatic cancer tissues, the expression of Ob-Rb was positively correlated with the MMP-13 level. The increased expression of either Ob-Rb or MMP-13 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and tended to be associated with the TNM stage in patients with pancreatic cancer. Our findings suggest that leptin enhances the invasion of pancreatic cancer through the increase in MMP-13 production, and targeting the leptin/MMP-13 axis could be an attractive therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianren Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yeung TL, Leung CS, Li F, Wong SST, Mok SC. Targeting Stromal-Cancer Cell Crosstalk Networks in Ovarian Cancer Treatment. Biomolecules 2016; 6:3. [PMID: 26751490 PMCID: PMC4808797 DOI: 10.3390/biom6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a histologically, clinically, and molecularly diverse disease with a five-year survival rate of less than 30%. It has been estimated that approximately 21,980 new cases of epithelial ovarian cancer will be diagnosed and 14,270 deaths will occur in the United States in 2015, making it the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Ovarian tumor tissue is composed of cancer cells and a collection of different stromal cells. There is increasing evidence that demonstrates that stromal involvement is important in ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, stroma-specific signaling pathways, stroma-derived factors, and genetic changes in the tumor stroma present unique opportunities for improving the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the major components of the tumor stroma that have demonstrated supportive roles in tumor progression. In this review, we highlight various types of signaling crosstalk between ovarian cancer cells and stromal cells, particularly with CAFs. In addition to evaluating the importance of signaling crosstalk in ovarian cancer progression, we discuss approaches that can be used to target tumor-promoting signaling crosstalk and how these approaches can be translated into potential ovarian cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Lun Yeung
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Cecilia S Leung
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Fuhai Li
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Stephen S T Wong
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- National Cancer Institute Center for Modeling Cancer Development, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Samuel C Mok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nagle CM, Dixon SC, Jensen A, Kjaer SK, Modugno F, deFazio A, Fereday S, Hung J, Johnatty SE, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Lambrechts D, Vergote I, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Lambrechts S, Risch HA, Rossing MA, Doherty JA, Wicklund KG, Chang-Claude J, Goodman MT, Ness RB, Moysich K, Heitz F, du Bois A, Harter P, Schwaab I, Matsuo K, Hosono S, Goode EL, Vierkant RA, Larson MC, Fridley BL, Høgdall C, Schildkraut JM, Weber RP, Cramer DW, Terry KL, Bandera EV, Paddock L, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Wentzensen N, Yang HP, Brinton LA, Lissowska J, Høgdall E, Lundvall L, Whittemore A, McGuire V, Sieh W, Rothstein J, Sutphen R, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Pearce CL, Wu AH, Webb PM. Obesity and survival among women with ovarian cancer: results from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:817-26. [PMID: 26151456 PMCID: PMC4559823 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Observational studies have reported a modest association between obesity and risk of ovarian cancer; however, whether it is also associated with survival and whether this association varies for the different histologic subtypes are not clear. We undertook an international collaborative analysis to assess the association between body mass index (BMI), assessed shortly before diagnosis, progression-free survival (PFS), ovarian cancer-specific survival and overall survival (OS) among women with invasive ovarian cancer. Methods: We used original data from 21 studies, which included 12 390 women with ovarian carcinoma. We combined study-specific adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) using random-effects models to estimate pooled HRs (pHR). We further explored associations by histologic subtype. Results: Overall, 6715 (54%) deaths occurred during follow-up. A significant OS disadvantage was observed for women who were obese (BMI: 30–34.9, pHR: 1.10 (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.99–1.23); BMI: ⩾35, pHR: 1.12 (95% CI: 1.01–1.25)). Results were similar for PFS and ovarian cancer-specific survival. In analyses stratified by histologic subtype, associations were strongest for women with low-grade serous (pHR: 1.12 per 5 kg m−2) and endometrioid subtypes (pHR: 1.08 per 5 kg m−2), and more modest for the high-grade serous (pHR: 1.04 per 5 kg m−2) subtype, but only the association with high-grade serous cancers was significant. Conclusions: Higher BMI is associated with adverse survival among the majority of women with ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Nagle
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - S C Dixon
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A Jensen
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S K Kjaer
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania, PA, USA.,Womens Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - A deFazio
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - S Fereday
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J Hung
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - S E Johnatty
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - P A Fasching
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Vergote
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Lambrechts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M A Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J A Doherty
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - K G Wicklund
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M T Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R B Ness
- School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - F Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - A du Bois
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - P Harter
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - I Schwaab
- Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - K Matsuo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - S Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - E L Goode
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R A Vierkant
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M C Larson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - C Høgdall
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J M Schildkraut
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R P Weber
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D W Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E V Bandera
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - L Paddock
- New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - L Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - N Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Høgdall
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Lundvall
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy-Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - V McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy-Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - W Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy-Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J Rothstein
- Department of Health Research and Policy-Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - R Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - H Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - C L Pearce
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A H Wu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mu HJ, Zou J, Xie P, Xu ZQ, Ruan J, Yang SD, Yin Y. Association of leptin receptor Lys109Arg and Gln223Arg polymorphisms with increased risk of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:4211-5. [PMID: 24935373 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.10.4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although roles of genetic polymorphisms of leptin receptor (LEPR) gene in several cancers have been documented, the association between polymorphisms of LEPR and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CC-RCC) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore any relation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 77 patients with CC-RCC and 161 healthy control subjects. Polymorphism analyses of Lys109Arg and Gln223Arg were performed by direct DNA sequencing and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism approaches respectively. RESULTS Comparisons of allelic and genotypic frequencies in Lys109Arg and Gln223Arg showed no significant difference between the cases and controls. However, when evaluating the combined genotype of Lys109Arg and Gln223Arg, risk with GG/GG was increased (OR=1.85, 95%CI=1.04-3.30) and with GA/GG or GG/GA was decreased (OR=0.07, 95%CI=0.01-0.54; OR and 95%CI of the latter could not be calculated for a value of zero) . Furthermore, the G-G haplotype frequency of Lys109Arg and Gln223Arg in the cases was higher (OR=1.68; 95%CI=1.02-2.76). In contrast, the A-G and G-A haplotype frequencies in the cases were lower than those in the controls (OR=0.06; 95%CI=0.01 to 0.47; OR and 95%CI of the latter could not be calculated for a value of zero). In addition, the Lys109Arg A allele was in LD with the Gln223Arg A allele (d'=0.9399) in the CC-RCC subjects, but not in the controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the GG/GG combined genotype and G-G haplotype of Lys109Arg and Gln223Arg can act as evaluating factors for CC-RCC risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jun Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wen R, Hu S, Xiao Q, Han C, Gan C, Gou H, Liu H, Li L, Xu H, He H, Wang J. Leptin exerts proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects on goose granulosa cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 149:70-9. [PMID: 25576904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Leptin was known as a pivotal regulator for the control of food intake and energy expenditure. However, leptin has also been found to be involved in the regulation of female reproductive system through interactions with pathways in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis and direct action at the ovarian level. In the present study, granulosa cells from goose ovarian preovulatory (F1-F3) follicles were cultured with leptin (0, 1, 10 or 100ng/ml). The proliferative and anti-apoptotic actions of leptin in granulosa cells were revealed by CCK-8, BrdU and TUNEL assays. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses further indicated that leptin treatment led to increased expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3 and bcl-2, and decreased expression of p21 and caspase-3. The effects were involved in the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, as leptin treatment enhanced the expression of PI3K, Akt1, Akt2, Raptor, mTOR, S6K and p-S6K. Moreover, blockade of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway attenuated the influences of leptin on proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells, considering that activated factors by leptin were inhibited in the presence of either 20μM LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) or 10μM rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor). In addition, leptin had a modulatory effect on the expression of its receptor at the transcriptional and translational levels, and blockade of PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibited both basal and leptin-induced Lepr gene and protein expression. These findings suggest that leptin exerts its proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects on goose granulosa cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway via interaction with its receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Qihai Xiao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Chao Gan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Hua Gou
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mizutani H, Fukushima S, Masuguchi S, Yamashita J, Miyashita A, Nakahara S, Aoi J, Inoue Y, Jinnin M, Ihn H. Serum levels of leptin receptor in patients with malignant melanoma as a new tumor marker. Exp Dermatol 2014; 22:748-9. [PMID: 24433182 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is known to be abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, and leptin receptors have been reported to be expressed on human melanoma cells. In this study, we evaluated the possibility that the serum levels of leptin receptor could be a tumor marker of malignant melanoma (MM). Serum samples were obtained from 71 patients with MM, and the serum levels of leptin receptor were measured by double-determinant ELISA. Interestingly, serum levels of leptin receptor decreased gradually with the stages of MM, being highest at in situ and lowest at stage IV. There was also a trend of reverse correlation between tumor thickness and serum levels of leptin receptor. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the serum levels of leptin receptor in MM, and serum leptin receptor levels may be used as a useful tumor marker of MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Mizutani
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Over the past several years, the field of cancer research has directed increased interest towards subsets of obesity-associated tumours, which include mammary, renal, oesophageal, gastrointestinal and reproductive cancers in both men and women. The increased risk of breast cancer that is associated with obesity has been widely reported; this has drawn much attention and as such, warrants investigation of the key mechanisms that link the obese state with cancer aetiology. For instance, the obese setting provides a unique adipose tissue microenvironment with concomitant systemic endocrine alterations that favour both tumour initiation and progression. Major metabolic differences exist within tumours that distinguish them from non-transformed healthy tissues. Importantly, considerable metabolic differences are induced by tumour cells in the stromal vascular fraction that surrounds them. The precise mechanisms that underlie the association of obesity with cancer and the accompanying metabolic changes that occur in the surrounding microenvironment remain elusive. Nonetheless, specific therapeutic agents designed for patients with obesity who develop tumours are clearly needed. This Review discusses recent advances in understanding the contributions of obesity to cancer and their implications for tumour treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea (J.P.). Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA (T.S.M., M.K., D.J.C., P.E.S.)
| | - Thomas S Morley
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea (J.P.). Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA (T.S.M., M.K., D.J.C., P.E.S.)
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea (J.P.). Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA (T.S.M., M.K., D.J.C., P.E.S.)
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea (J.P.). Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA (T.S.M., M.K., D.J.C., P.E.S.)
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea (J.P.). Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA (T.S.M., M.K., D.J.C., P.E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Al-Suhaimi E. Molecular mechanisms of leptin and pro-apoptotic signals induced by menadione in HepG2 cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:582-8. [PMID: 25473367 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a significant physiological function in the cell. P(53) is known as tumor suppressor cellular factor, executive caspases are also the most involved pathway for apoptosis. Menadione (VK3) has apoptotic action on many harmful cells, but the molecular role of adipokines is not studied enough in this regard, so the ability of menadione to modify the adipokine (leptin hormone), caspase-3 and P(53) signals to induce its apoptotic action on HepG2 cells was studied. The study revealed that menadione has anti-viability and apoptotic effect at sub-G1 phase of HepG2 cell cycle. Its cytotoxic effect is mediated by molecular mechanisms included: inhibiting leptin expression and level, activating caspase-3 pathway and up-regulating the expression of P(53). Menadione exerts its apoptotic mechanisms in a concentration and time dependent way through ROS generation. In addition to the known apoptotic pathways, the results indicate that suppressing leptin pathway is a significant mechanism for menadione apoptotic effect which made it as a potential therapeutic vitamin in preventing hepatocyte survival and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam Al-Suhaimi
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gati A, Kouidhi S, Marrakchi R, El Gaaied A, Kourda N, Derouiche A, Chebil M, Caignard A, Perier A. Obesity and renal cancer: Role of adipokines in the tumor-immune system conflict. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e27810. [PMID: 24804162 PMCID: PMC4010540 DOI: 10.4161/onci.27810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies link obesity, as measured by increased body mass index (BMI) to the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as well as to the cancer-related mortality of RCC patients. RCC is the third cancer most robustly associated with increased BMI. Understanding the role of the adipose tissue in renal carcinogenesis is therefore of major importance for the development of novel paradigms of RCC prevention and treatment. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the impact of obesity on the development and progression of RCC as well as the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones (adipokines) in the conflict between growing tumors and the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Gati
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Kouidhi
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Marrakchi
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel El Gaaied
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Kourda
- Service d'histopathologie; Hôpital Charles Nicolle; Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Mohamed Chebil
- Service d'Urologie; Hôpital Charles Nicolle; Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anne Caignard
- Institut Cochin; INSERM U1016; CNRS UMR 8104; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Perier
- Institut Cochin; INSERM U1016; CNRS UMR 8104; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kumar J, Ward AC. Role of the interleukin 6 receptor family in epithelial ovarian cancer and its clinical implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1845:117-25. [PMID: 24388871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with few effective treatment options in most cases. Therefore, understanding the biology of ovarian cancer remains an important area of research in order to improve clinical outcomes. Cytokine receptor signaling through the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is an essential component of normal development and homeostasis. However, numerous studies have implicated perturbation of this pathway in a range of cancers. In particular, members of the IL-6R family acting via the downstream STAT3 transcription factor play an important role in a number of solid tumors - including ovarian cancer - by altering the expression of target genes that impact on key phenotypes. This has led to the development of specific inhibitors of this pathway which are being used in combination with standard chemotherapeutic agents. This review focuses on the role of IL-6R family members in the etiology of epithelial ovarian cancer, and the application of therapies specifically targeting IL-6R signaling in this disease setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janani Kumar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Strategic Research Centre in Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Strategic Research Centre in Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Binai NA, Carra G, Löwer J, Löwer R, Wessler S. Differential gene expression in ERα-positive and ERα-negative breast cancer cells upon leptin stimulation. Endocrine 2013; 44:496-503. [PMID: 23412922 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-013-9897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In postmenopausal women, adipositas represents a serious risk factor for cancer development and progression. White adipose tissue secretes the 16 kDa hormone leptin which plays a key role in the regulation of appetite and metabolism. An increasing number of reports indicate that leptin also interferes with signal transduction pathways implicated in the development of breast cancer. In our previous study, we identified the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) as a relevant enhancer of leptin-induced signal transduction leading to transactivation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3). The purpose of this study is the investigation of specific target gene expression in response to leptin-mediated Stat3 signaling. We performed a comprehensive microarray analysis of ERα-positive and ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells upon leptin treatment and identified 49 genes which showed a significant ERα-dependent regulation in leptin-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. There was no intersection with genes which were merely up- or downregulated by ERα expression and only 9 and 11 genes overlapping targets which were regulated by leptin stimulation either in ERα-expressing or ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. To demonstrate the specificity, expression of three target genes was validated by quantitative real-time PCR. In conclusion, these data imply that leptin can induce a different set of target genes dependent on ERα expression, which might contribute to the development and progression of cancer diseases.
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou X, Chai Y, Chen K, Yang Y, Liu Z. A meta-analysis of reference values of leptin concentration in healthy postmenopausal women. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72734. [PMID: 24023638 PMCID: PMC3758328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective There are numerous reports about the leptin concentration (LC) in postmenopausal women (PW). Changes in LC can elicit different clinical outcomes. We systematically analyzed the LC in PW. Methods A search was conducted in original English-language studies published from 1994 to October 2012 in the following databases: Medline (78), Cochrane Center (123) Embase (505), Biological abstracts (108), Cochrane (53) and Science Finder Scholar (0). A meta-analysis was undertaken on the correction coefficient (r) between the serum LC and body mass index (BMI) for healthy PW across studies containing a dataset and sample size. Pre-analytical and analytical variations were examined. Pre-analytical variables included fasting status (FS) and sampling timing. Analytical variation comprised assay methodology, LC in those undertaking hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and those not having HRT as well as LC change according to age. Results Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Eighteen studies detected LC in the morning in a FS, 15 studies denoted the r between leptin and the BMI. A combined r was counted for the 15 studies (r = 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.46–0.54], P = 0.025), and if sampling collection was in the FSat morning, a combined r was form 10 studies (r = 0.54 [95% CI, 0.45–0.54], P = 0.299) and heterogeneity was diminished. LC did not change between HRT users and non-users in 7 studies. Five studies analyzed changes in LC according to age. Conclusion Based on all studies that investigated both LC and BMI, LC was positively correlated with the BMI. No studies established reference ranges according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) in healthy PW, and there was a wide variation in LC values. These differences suggest that caution should be used in the interpretation and comparison between studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
- Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - YanLan Chai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - YunYi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ptak A, Rak-Mardyła A, Gregoraszczuk EL. Cooperation of bisphenol A and leptin in inhibition of caspase-3 expression and activity in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:1937-43. [PMID: 23850738 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of bisphenol A and leptin on caspase-3 expression and activity in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. Caspase-3 and survivin expression was measured at the transcript level by real-time PCR and at the protein level by Western blotting. In addition, caspase-3 activity was measured, using a fluorometric assay, upon exposure to bisphenol A (40 nM) alone, leptin (2.5 nM) alone, and the combination of both agents. 17β-estradiol (40 nM) was used as a positive control for estrogenic properties of bisphenol A. Results showed that the interaction between bisphenol A and leptin, which was similar to that observed between 17β-estradiol and leptin, led to the inhibition of caspase-3 expression and activity in OVCAR-3 cells. Surprisingly, survivin was found to not be involved in the anti-apoptotic activity of either agent. Also, results showed that leptin inhibits caspase-3 activity by acting on the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, but bisphenol A and 17β-estradiol by the extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway. In conclusion, the study reveals that bisphenol A and leptin interact to inhibit caspase-3 expression and activity by modulating STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in OVCAR-3 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ptak
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Chair of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Louie SM, Roberts LS, Nomura DK. Mechanisms linking obesity and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1831:1499-508. [PMID: 23470257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity in US adults has been steadily increasing over the past few decades. Many comorbidities associated with obesity have been well-established such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, more recently an epidemiological relationship between obesity and the prevalence of a variety of cancers has also been uncovered. The shift of the paradigm surrounding white adipose tissue function from purely an energy storage tissue, to one that has both endocrine and metabolic relevance, has led to several mechanisms implicated in how obesity drives cancer prevalence and cancer deaths. Currently, there are four categories into which these mechanisms fall - increased lipids and lipid signaling, inflammatory responses, insulin resistance, and adipokines. In this review, we examine each of these categories and the mechanisms through which they drive cancer pathogenesis. Understanding the relationship(s) between obesity and cancer and especially the nodal points of control in these cascades will be essential in developing effective therapeutics or interventions for combating this deadly combination. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Lipid Metabolism in Cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon M Louie
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|