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Dong W, Sun L, Jiao B, Zhao P, Ma C, Gao J, Zhou S. Evaluation of aphid resistance on different rose cultivars and transcriptome analysis in response to aphid infestation. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:232. [PMID: 38438880 PMCID: PMC10910744 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rose is one of the most important ornamental flowers in the world for its aesthetic beauty but can be attacked by many pests such as aphids. Aphid infestation causes tremendous damage on plant tissues leading to harmed petals and leaves. Rose cultivars express different levels of resistance to aphid infestation yet the information remains unclear. Not only that, studies about the transcriptional analysis on defending mechanisms against aphids in rose are limited so far. RESULTS In this study, the aphid resistance of 20 rose cultivars was evaluated, and they could be sorted into six levels based on the number ratio of aphids. And then, a transcriptome analysis was conducted after aphid infestation in one high resistance (R, Harmonie) and one highly susceptibility (S, Carefree Wonder) rose cultivar. In open environment the majority of rose cultivars had the highest aphid number at May 6th or May 15th in 2020 and the resistance to infestation could be classified into six levels. Differential expression analysis revealed that there were 1,626 upregulated and 767 downregulated genes in the R cultivar and 481 upregulated and 63 downregulated genes in the S cultivar after aphid infestation. Pathway enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that upregulated genes in R and S cultivars were both enriched in defense response, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (phenylpropanoid, alkaloid, and flavonoid), carbohydrate metabolism (galactose, starch, and sucrose metabolism) and lipid processing (alpha-linolenic acid and linolenic acid metabolism) pathways. In the jasmonic acid metabolic pathway, linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase was specifically upregulated in the R cultivar, while genes encoding other crucial enzymes, allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase, and 12-oxophytodienoate reductase were upregulated in both cultivars. Transcription factor analysis and transcription factor binding search showed that WRKY transcription factors play a pivotal role during aphid infestation in the R cultivar. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated the potential roles of jasmonic acid metabolism and WRKY transcription factors during aphid resistance in rose, providing clues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Pu Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Das S, Kumbhakar S, Debnath R, Barik A. Life table parameters and digestive physiology of Aulacophora lewisii Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on three Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) cultivars. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 114:134-148. [PMID: 38178797 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Aulacophora lewisii Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an important pest of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) in India. Larvae of A. lewisii feed on the roots, while adults consume leaves of L. acutangula. In the current study, effects of three L. acutangula cultivars (Abhiskar, Debsundari, and Jaipur Long) on the life table parameters by age-stage, two-sex approach, and key digestive enzymatic activities (amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic) of the larvae and adults of A. lewisii were determined. Further, nutrients (total carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and nitrogen content) and antinutrients (total phenols, flavonols, and tannins) present in the roots and leaves of three cultivars were estimated. The development time (egg to adult emergence) was fastest and slowest on Jaipur Long (31.80 days) and Abhiskar (40.91 days), respectively. Fecundity was highest and lowest on Jaipur Long (279.91 eggs) and Abhiskar (137.18 eggs), respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was lowest on Abhiskar (0.0511 day-1) and highest on Jaipur Long (0.0872 day-1). The net reproductive rate (R0) was lowest on Abhiskar (23.32 offspring female-1). The mean generation time (T) was shortest on Jaipur Long (52.59 days) and longest on Abhiskar (61.58 days). The amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic activities of larvae and adults of A. lewisii were highest and lowest on Jaipur Long and Abhiskar, respectively. The lower level of nutrients and higher level of antinutrients influenced higher larval development time and lower fecundity of A. lewisii on Abhiskar than other cultivars. Our results suggest that Abhiskar cultivar could be promoted for cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Das
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanoj Kumbhakar
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Rahul Debnath
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Anandamay Barik
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
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Mitra P, Debnath R, Mitra S, Barik A. Life history traits and probing behavior of Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Lathyrus sativus. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Gopalakrishnan R, Kalia VK. Biology and biometric characteristics of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on different host plants with regard to diet. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2043-2051. [PMID: 35124890 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), native to the Americas, is a new invasive pest that was reported in India for the first time in May 2018. Being polyphagous, FAW can infest several different hosts and increase its population all year round. In this context, the present study was conducted under laboratory conditions to evaluate the biological parameters of FAW on four different hosts, Zea mays (maize), Gossypium hirsutum (cotton), Ricinus communis (castor) and Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (cauliflower), and a semi-synthetic diet. RESULTS The shortest life cycle of 32.8 ± 0.52 days in males and 34.1 ± 0.43 days in females was observed on maize. Semi-synthetic diet was superior in terms of higher mean fecundity (1324.6 ± 61.21 eggs), larval weight (503 ± 0.02 mg), pupal weight (263 ± 0.01 mg) and adult female weight (128 ± 0.0 mg) compared with natural hosts. Cotton was the least preferred host with a longer life cycle of 49.5 ± 0.50 days. Head capsule width and length were measured and the growth rate was validated using Dyar's rule. The mean width and length of the head capsule of first-instar larvae of FAW on different hosts was 0.35 ± 0.00 mm. The maximum width (2.76 ± 0.03 mm) and length (2.31 ± 0.03 mm) were observed in sixth-instar larvae grown on diet. CONCLUSION The results of this study will be instrumental in understanding and formulating management strategies for FAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Kumari Kalia
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Transcriptomic and metabolomic changes triggered by Macrosiphum rosivorum in rose (Rosa longicuspis). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:885. [PMID: 34886808 PMCID: PMC8656021 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rose is one of the most popular flowers in the wold. Its field growth and quality are negatively affected by aphids. However, the defence mechanisms used by rose plants against aphids are unclear. Therefore, to understand the defence mechanism of rose under aphid stress, transcriptome and metabolome techniques were used to investigate the regulation mechanism in R. longicuspis infected with M. rosivorum. RESULT In our study, after inoculation with M. rosivorum, M. rosivorum quickly colonized R. longicuspis. A total of 34,202 genes and 758 metabolites were detected in all samples. Under M. rosivorum stress, R. longicuspis responded by MAPK cascades, plant hormone signal transduction pathway activation, RlMYBs and RlERFs transcription factors expression and ROS production. Interestingly, the 'brassinosteroid biosynthesis' pathway was significantly enriched in A3 d-vs.-A5 d. Further analysis showed that M. rosivorum induced the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, tannins and phenolic acids, among others. Importantly, the 'glutathione metabolic' and 'glucosinolate biosynthesis' pathways were significantly enriched, which involved in the rose against aphids. CONCLUSION Our study provides candidate genes and metabolites for Rosa defence against aphids. This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular regulation mechanism of rose aphid resistance and aphid resistance breeding in the future.
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Dampc J, Mołoń M, Durak T, Durak R. Changes in Aphid-Plant Interactions under Increased Temperature. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:480. [PMID: 34071458 PMCID: PMC8227038 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stress in living organisms causes an imbalance between the processes of creating and neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The work aims to explain changes in the aphid-host plant interaction due to an increase in temperature. Tests were carried out at three constant temperatures (20, 25, or 28 °C). Firstly, changes in development of Macrosiphum rosae were determined. Secondly, the activity of enzymatic markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), β-glucosidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD)) in aphid M. rosae tissues and host plant were analyzed at all temperatures. An increase in temperature to 28 °C had a negative effect on the biology of M. rosae by shortening the period of reproduction and longevity, thus reducing the demographic parameters and fecundity. Two stages of the aphid's defensive response to short-term (24-96 h) and long-term (2 weeks) thermal stress were observed. Aphid defense responses varied considerably with temperature and were highest at 28 °C. In turn, for the plants, which were exposed to both abiotic stress caused by elevated temperature and biotic stress caused by aphid feeding, their enzymatic defense was more effective at 20 °C, when enzyme activities at their highest were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dampc
- Department of Experimental Biology and Chemistry, University of Rzeszów, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mateusz Mołoń
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Durak
- Department of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Roma Durak
- Department of Experimental Biology and Chemistry, University of Rzeszów, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
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Debnath R, Mobarak SH, Mitra P, Barik A. Comparative performance and digestive physiology of Diaphania indica (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Trichosanthes anguina (Cucurbitaceae) cultivars. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 110:756-766. [PMID: 32484147 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485320000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diaphania indica (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an important phytophagous pest of Trichosanthes anguina L. in India. We studied life table parameters by age-stage, two-sex, amylolytic and proteolytic activities, and food utilization parameters of D. indica on the leaves of three T. anguina cultivars (Baruipur Long, Polo No. 1 and MNSR-1). Further, nutrients (total carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids and nitrogen) and antinutrients (total phenols, flavonols and tannins) in leaves were determined. The development time (egg to adult emergence) was the shortest on MNSR-1 (19.79 d) and the longest on Polo No. 1 (25.72 d). Fecundity was the highest and lowest on MNSR-1 (259 eggs) and Polo No. 1 (151.22 eggs), respectively. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and net reproductive rate (R0) of D. indica on Polo No. 1 were 0.1112 d-1 and 27.22 offspring individual-1, respectively. The mean generation time (T) was the shortest on MNSR-1 (23.99 days) and the longest on Polo No. 1 (29.70 d). The larvae of D. indica fed with MNSR-1 had the highest level of amylolytic and proteolytic activities, and the lowest activities were in the larvae fed with Polo No. 1. The fifth-instar larvae fed with Polo No. 1 had the lowest consumption index and growth rate. The higher larval development time and lower fecundity of D. indica on Polo No. 1 were due to the lower level of nutrients and a higher level of antinutrients than other cultivars. Our results concluded that Polo No. 1 cultivar could be suggested for cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Debnath
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Syed Husne Mobarak
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Paroma Mitra
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Anandamay Barik
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan - 713 104, West Bengal, India
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Age-stage, two-sex life table of the biocontrol agent, Altica cyanea on three Ludwigia species. Biologia (Bratisl) 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mobarak SH, Roy N, Barik A. Two-sex life table and feeding dynamics of Spilosoma obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) on three green gram cultivars. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 110:219-230. [PMID: 31456529 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485319000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of three green gram cultivars (PDM 54, PUSA BAISAKHI and SAMRAT) on the biology of Spilosoma obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) was studied using age-stage, two-sex life table. We also studied food utilization efficiency measures of larvae on green gram cultivars. The nutritional and antinutritional factors of leaves of green gram cultivars were determined. The preadult development time of S. obliqua was shortest on PDM 54 (35.54 days) and longest on SAMRAT (39.29 days). The fecundity was highest on PDM 54 (318.32) and lowest on SAMRAT (250.20). The net reproductive rate (R0) ranged from 37.53 on SAMRAT to 79.58 on PDM 54. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was higher on PDM 54 (0.1148 day-1) and PUSA BAISAKHI (0.1018 day-1) than SAMRAT (0.0875 day-1). The finite rate of increase (λ) was lowest on SAMRAT (1.0915 day-1). Mean generation time (T) was shortest on PDM 54 (38.12 days) and longest on SAMRAT (41.42 days). Population projection revealed that the population growth was slowest on SAMRAT. The growth rate of sixth instar larvae was highest on PDM 54 and lowest on SAMRAT. The lower level of nutritional factors such as total carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids and nitrogen content, and a higher level of antinutritional factors such as total phenols, flavonols and tannins influenced higher development time and lower fecundity of S. obliqua on SAMRAT than other cultivars. These findings suggested that SAMRAT is a less suitable cultivar to S. obliqua than other cultivars, and this cultivar can be promoted for cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Mobarak
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan713104, West Bengal, India
| | - N Roy
- Department of Zoology, M. U. C. Women's College, Ecology Research Unit, Burdwan713104, West Bengal, India
| | - A Barik
- Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan713104, West Bengal, India
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