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Chalayer E, Gramont B, Zekre F, Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Grange L, Paul S, Chung AW, Killian M. Fc receptors gone wrong: A comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:103016. [PMID: 34915182 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases have a complex and only partially known pathophysiology with various abnormalities involving all the components of the immune system. Among these components, antibodies, and especially autoantibodies are key elements contributing to autoimmunity. The interaction of antibody fragment crystallisable (Fc) and several distinct receptors, namely Fc receptors (FcRs), have gained much attention during the recent years, with possible major therapeutic perspectives for the future. The aim of this review is to comprehensively describe the known roles for FcRs (activating and inhibitory FcγRs, neonatal FcR [FcRn], FcαRI, FcεRs, Ro52/tripartite motif containing 21 [Ro52/TRIM21], FcδR, and the novel Fc receptor-like [FcRL] family) in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, namely rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, mixed connective tissue disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, immunoglobulin (Ig) A vasculitis, Behçet's disease, Kawasaki disease, IgG4-related disease, immune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Chalayer
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1059-Sainbiose, dysfonction vasculaire et hémostase, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Gramont
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Franck Zekre
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lucile Grange
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amy W Chung
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Killian
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France.
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Lu CH, Li KJ, Wu CH, Shen CY, Kuo YM, Hsieh SC, Yu CL. The FcγRIII Engagement Augments PMA-Stimulated Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Formation by Granulocytes Partially via Cross-Talk between Syk-ERK-NF-κB and PKC-ROS Signaling Pathways. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091127. [PMID: 34572313 PMCID: PMC8472361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the most abundant white blood cell in the circulation capable of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation after stimulation. Both NADPH oxidase-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in NET formation. The IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in human serum. However, the impact of the circulating IgG on NET formation is totally unexplored. In this study, the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced mature granulocytes (dHL-60) were pre-treated with monomeric human IgG, papain-digested Fab fragment, crystallizable IgG Fc portion, rituximab (a human IgG1), or IgG2. The NET formation of the dHL-60 in the presence/absence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation was then measured by the fluorescent area after SYTOX green nucleic acid stain. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by flow cytometry. Total and phosphorylated Syk, SHP-1, and ERK were detected by immunoblot. We found that human monomeric IgG and its subclasses IgG1 and IgG2 per se induced negligible NET formation of dHL-60, but the FcγRIII engagement by these IgG subclasses and Fc portion augment PMA-stimulated dHL-60 NET formation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that increased Syk and ERK phosphorylation, intracellular ROS generation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and TNF-α, production could be induced after FcγRIII engagement. Blocking FcγRIII engagement by a specific antibody diminished the augmented NET formation. In conclusion, we discovered that cross-talk between FcγRIII engagement-induced Syk-ERK and PMA-induced PKC signaling pathways augment NET formation of dHL-60 via increased ROS generation and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and TNF-α, production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Jen Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Cheng-Han Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Chia-Li Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-H.W.); (C.-Y.S.); (Y.-M.K.); (S.-C.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Keller CW, Pawlitzki M, Wiendl H, Lünemann JD. Fc-Receptor Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of Myasthenia gravis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5755. [PMID: 34071155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (Abs) bind to acetylcholine receptors (AChR) or to functionally related molecules in the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction. IgG crystallizable fragment (Fc)-mediated effector functions, such as antibody-dependent complement deposition, contribute to disease development and progression. Despite progress in understanding Ab-mediated disease mechanisms, immunotherapy of MG remained rather unspecific with corticosteroids and maintenance with immunosuppressants as first choice drugs for most patients. More specific therapeutic IgG Fc-based platforms that reduce serum half-life or effector functions of pathogenic MG-related Abs are currently being developed, tested in clinical trials or have recently been successfully translated into the clinic. In this review, we illustrate mechanisms of action and clinical efficacies of emerging Fc-mediated therapeutics such as neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-targeting agents. Furthermore, we evaluate prospects of therapies targeting classical Fc receptors that have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in other antibody-mediated conditions. Increased availability of Fc- and Fc receptor-targeting biologics might foster the development of personalized immunotherapies with the potential to induce sustained disease remission in patients with MG.
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Lewis BJ, Branch DR. Mouse Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis for Studies on Immunopathogenesis and Preclinical Testing of Fc Receptor-Targeting Biologics. Pharmacology 2020; 105:618-629. [DOI: 10.1159/000508239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation, swelling, and pain in the joints and involves systemic complications. Mouse models of RA have been extensively used to model the pathogenesis of RA and to develop effective therapies. Although many components of the immune system have been studied in these models, the role of crystallizable fragment (Fc) gamma receptors (FcγRs) in RA has been sorely neglected. The aim of this review was to introduce the different mouse models of RA and to describe the different drug development strategies that have been tested in these models to target FcγR function, with the focus being on drugs that have been made from the Fc of immunoglobulin G (IgG). <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Evidence suggests that FcγRs play a major role in immune complex-induced inflammation in autoimmune diseases, such as RA. However, there is limited knowledge on the importance of FcγRs in the human disease even though there has been extensive work in mouse models of RA. Numerous mouse models of RA are available, with each model depicting certain aspects of the disease. Induced models of RA have nonspecific immune activation with cartilage-directed autoimmunity, whereas spontaneous models of RA develop without immunization, which results in a more chronic form of arthritis. These models have been used to test FcγR-targeting monoclonal antibodies, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), subcutaneously administered IVIg, and recombinant Fcs for their ability to interact with and modify FcγR function. Recombinant Fcs avidly bind FcγRs and exhibit enhanced therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of RA. <b><i>Key Message:</i></b> The therapeutic utility of targeting FcγRs with recombinant Fcs is great and should be explored in human clinical trials for autoimmune diseases, such as RA.
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Kondratskaya EA, Grushka NG, Voznesenskaya TY, Yanchii RI. The Effect of Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine Succinate (Mexidol) on Oocyte Meiotic Maturation, Genome Integrity, and the Change in Gene Expression in Mouse Cumulus Cells under the Conditions of Systemic Immune Complex Damage. Russ J Dev Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360420030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system affecting primarily the spinal cord and optic nerves. Most NMOSD patients are seropositive for immunoglobulin G autoantibodies against astrocyte water channel aquaporin-4, called AQP4-IgG, which cause astrocyte injury leading to demyelination and neurological impairment. Current therapy for AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD includes immunosuppression, B cell depletion, and plasma exchange. Newer therapies target complement, CD19 and IL-6 receptors.Areas covered: This review covers early-stage pre-clinical therapeutic approaches for seropositive NMOSD. Targets include pathogenic AQP4-IgG autoantibodies and their binding to AQP4, complement-dependent and cell-mediated cytotoxicity, blood-brain barrier, remyelination and immune effector and regulatory cells, with treatment modalities including small molecules, biologics, and cells.Expert opinion: Though newer NMOSD therapies appear to have increased efficacy in reducing relapse rate and neurological deficit, increasingly targeted therapies could benefit NMOSD patients with ongoing relapses and could potentially be superior in efficacy and safety. Of the various early-stage therapeutic approaches, IgG inactivating enzymes, aquaporumab blocking antibodies, drugs targeting early components of the classical complement system, complement regulator-targeted drugs, and Fc-based multimers are of interest. Curative strategies, perhaps involving AQP4 tolerization, remain intriguing future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukmanee Tradtrantip
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nithi Asavapanumas
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alan S Verkman
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Castro-Dopico T, Dennison TW, Ferdinand JR, Mathews RJ, Fleming A, Clift D, Stewart BJ, Jing C, Strongili K, Labzin LI, Monk EJM, Saeb-Parsy K, Bryant CE, Clare S, Parkes M, Clatworthy MR. Anti-commensal IgG Drives Intestinal Inflammation and Type 17 Immunity in Ulcerative Colitis. Immunity 2019; 50:1099-1114.e10. [PMID: 30876876 PMCID: PMC6477154 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic, relapsing condition with two subtypes, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in UC implicate a FCGR2A variant that alters the binding affinity of the antibody receptor it encodes, FcγRIIA, for immunoglobulin G (IgG). Here, we aimed to understand the mechanisms whereby changes in FcγRIIA affinity would affect inflammation in an IgA-dominated organ. We found a profound induction of anti-commensal IgG and a concomitant increase in activating FcγR signaling in the colonic mucosa of UC patients. Commensal-IgG immune complexes engaged gut-resident FcγR-expressing macrophages, inducing NLRP3- and reactive-oxygen-species-dependent production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and neutrophil-recruiting chemokines. These responses were modulated by the FCGR2A genotype. In vivo manipulation of macrophage FcγR signal strength in a mouse model of UC determined the magnitude of intestinal inflammation and IL-1β-dependent type 17 immunity. The identification of an important contribution of IgG-FcγR-dependent inflammation to UC has therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Castro-Dopico
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Thomas W Dennison
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - John R Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Rebeccah J Mathews
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Aaron Fleming
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Dean Clift
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Chenzhi Jing
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Konstantina Strongili
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cambridge Universities NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Larisa I Labzin
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Edward J M Monk
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Simon Clare
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Miles Parkes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cambridge Universities NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinton CB10 1SA, UK.
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Abstract
Fcγ receptors (FcγR) are cell surface glycoproteins that mediate cellular effector functions of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Genetic variation in FcγR genes can influence susceptibility to a variety of antibody-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). More recently, however, genetic studies have implicated altered FcγR signaling in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition classically associated with dysregulated innate and T cell immunity. Specifically, a variant of the activating receptor, FcγRIIA, with low affinity for IgG, confers protection against the development of ulcerative colitis, a subset of IBD, leading to a re-evaluation of the role of IgG and FcγRs in gastrointestinal tract immunity, an organ system traditionally associated with IgA. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of IgG and FcγR function at this unique host-environment interface, from the pathogenesis of colitis and defense against enteropathogens, its contribution to maternal-fetal cross-talk and susceptibility to cancer. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic implications of this information, both in terms of how FcγR signaling pathways may be targeted for the treatment of IBD and how FcγR engagement may influence the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Castro-Dopico
- Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Menna R. Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreCambridge, United Kingdom
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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Chen B, Vousden KA, Naiman B, Turman S, Sun H, Wang S, Vinall LMK, Kemp BP, Kasturiangan S, Rees DG, Grant E, Hinrichs MJ, Eck S, DiGiandomenico A, Jack Borrok M, Ly N, Xiong X, Gonzalez C, Morehouse C, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Cann J, Zhao W, Koelkebeck H, Okubo K, Mayadas TN, Howe D, Griffiths J, Kolbeck R, Herbst R, Sims GP. Humanised effector-null FcγRIIA antibody inhibits immune complex-mediated proinflammatory responses. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 78:228-237. [PMID: 30459279 PMCID: PMC6352406 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Immune complexes (ICs) play a critical role in the pathology of autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to generate and characterise a first-in-class anti-FcγRIIA antibody (Ab) VIB9600 (previously known as MEDI9600) that blocks IgG immune complex-mediated cellular activation for clinical development. Methods VIB9600 was humanised and optimised from the IV.3 Ab. Binding affinity and specificity were determined by Biacore and ELISA. Confocal microscopy, Flow Cytometry-based assays and binding competition assays were used to assess the mode of action of the antibody. In vitro cell-based assays were used to demonstrate suppression of IC-mediated inflammatory responses. In vivo target suppression and efficacy was demonstrated in FcγRIIA-transgenic mice. Single-dose pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic study multiple dose Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) toxicity studies were conducted in non-human primates. Results We generated a humanised effector-deficient anti-FcγRIIA antibody (VIB9600) that potently blocks autoantibody and IC-mediated proinflammatory responses. VIB9600 suppresses FcγRIIA activation by blocking ligand engagement and by internalising FcγRIIA from the cell surface. VIB9600 inhibits IC-induced type I interferons from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (involved in SLE), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-induced production of reactive oxygen species by neutrophils (involved in ANCA-associated vasculitis) and IC-induced tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 production (involved in rheumatoid arthritis). In FcγRIIA transgenic mice, VIB9600 suppressed antiplatelet antibody-induced thrombocytopaenia, acute anti-GBM Ab-induced nephritis and anticollagen Ab-induced arthritis. VIB9600 also exhibited favourable PK and safety profiles in cynomolgus monkey studies. Conclusions VIB9600 is a specific humanised antibody antagonist of FcγRIIA with null effector function that warrants further clinical development for the treatment of IC-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine A Vousden
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, UK
| | - Brian Naiman
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean Turman
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.,Viela Bio, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa M K Vinall
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, UK
| | - Benjamin P Kemp
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, UK
| | - Srinath Kasturiangan
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - D Gareth Rees
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, UK
| | - Ethan Grant
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Jane Hinrichs
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven Eck
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - M Jack Borrok
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Neang Ly
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Ximing Xiong
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Carlos Gonzalez
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Yue Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Yebin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Cann
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Weiguang Zhao
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Holly Koelkebeck
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Koshu Okubo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tanya N Mayadas
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Howe
- Department of Clinical Development, MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, UK
| | - Janet Griffiths
- Department of Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald Herbst
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Gary P Sims
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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Williams V, Rawat A, Vignesh P, Shandilya JK, Gupta A, Singh S. Fc-gamma receptor expression profile in a North-Indian cohort of pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: An observational study. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 22:449-457. [PMID: 30399647 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in the Fcγ-receptor (FcγR) have been associated with increased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is a paucity of data on FcγR expression pattern in pediatric subjects with SLE. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of various FcγRs by flow cytometry in children with pediatric-onset SLE (pSLE). METHODS Thirty-one children aged 0-15 years fulfilling 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Classification Criteria for SLE were enrolled. Disease-active (n = 14) and the inactive group were delineated using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Thirteen age- and sex-matched controls were also enrolled. Blood samples of cases and controls were assessed for CD64, CD32B and CD16 expression on B lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes by flow cytometry using standard techniques. Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) and percentage expression were calculated using the FACS DIVA software and Kaluza software. RESULTS Median fluorescence intensity and percentage expression of CD64 on monocytes (MFI: 1.71 vs 1.51, P = 0.86) and neutrophils (MFI: 0.42 vs 0.64, P = 0.3) were comparable between patients and controls. MFIs of CD16 expression on neutrophils (3.47 vs 11.4, P = 0.05) and monocytes (1.28 vs 3.45, P = 0.07) were lower in patients compared to controls. CD32B expression on lymphocytes (MFI: 0.56 vs 1.37; % expression:18.3% vs 12.32%) was also comparable between cases and controls. Expression of CD64, CD16, and CD32B were also comparable between patients with active and inactive disease. CONCLUSION No significant differences were observed in FcγR expression between patients and controls. However, the overall trends of FcγR expression and decreased CD16 on monocytes and neutrophils are in consonance with data from larger cohorts of adult SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijai Williams
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Shandilya
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anju Gupta
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Surjit Singh
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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11
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Sun P, Lu L, Chen J, Liu XD, Zhang Q, Wang X. AMPKα, hs-CRP and FcγR in diabetic nephropathy and drug intervention. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4659-4664. [PMID: 29805483 PMCID: PMC5952080 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of AMP-activated protein kinase α subunit (AMPKα), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) in diabetic nephropathy and drug intervention effects. Sixty Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into the control (n=30) and observation (n=30) groups. The model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy was established by high-fat and high-glucose diet and streptozotocin injection. The rats in the observation group were treated with baicalein and the rats in control group did not receive any drug intervention. The pathological changes of kidneys were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of AMPKα mRNA in renal tissue was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The levels of hs-CRP and FcγR were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after drug intervention and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the 24 h urinary micro-albumin (U-ALB) levels were compared at 1, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after intervention. After 8 weeks of drug intervention, the pathological changes of kidneys in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05), while the relative expression levels of AMPKα mRNA and protein in the control group were higher than those in the observation group (p<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP, BUN and 24 h U-ALB in the control group were significantly higher than those in the observation group at different time-points after drug intervention and the level of FcγR in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group (p<0.05). Baicalein may protect renal function by inhibiting the expression of AMPKα and inflammatory reaction, and can also decrease BUN and 24 h U-ALB levels and improve the pathological changes of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Xuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Lu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Xuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Xuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Dan Liu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Xuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221003, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Xuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221003, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
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12
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Ortiz DF, Lansing JC, Rutitzky L, Kurtagic E, Prod'homme T, Choudhury A, Washburn N, Bhatnagar N, Beneduce C, Holte K, Prenovitz R, Child M, Killough J, Tyler S, Brown J, Nguyen S, Schwab I, Hains M, Meccariello R, Markowitz L, Wang J, Zouaoui R, Simpson A, Schultes B, Capila I, Ling L, Nimmerjahn F, Manning AM, Bosques CJ. Elucidating the interplay between IgG-Fc valency and FcγR activation for the design of immune complex inhibitors. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:365ra158. [PMID: 27856797 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf9418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibody immune complex (IC) activation of Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) is a common pathogenic hallmark of multiple autoimmune diseases. Given that the IC structural features that elicit FcγR activation are poorly understood and the FcγR system is highly complex, few therapeutics can directly block these processes without inadvertently activating the FcγR system. To address these issues, the structure activity relationships of an engineered panel of multivalent Fc constructs were evaluated using sensitive FcγR binding and signaling cellular assays. These studies identified an Fc valency with avid binding to FcγRs but without activation of immune cell effector functions. These observations directed the design of a potent trivalent immunoglobulin G-Fc molecule that broadly inhibited IC-driven processes in a variety of immune cells expressing FcγRs. The Fc trimer, Fc3Y, was highly efficacious in three different animal models of autoimmune diseases. This recombinant molecule may represent an effective therapeutic candidate for FcγR-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Ortiz
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jonathan C Lansing
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Laura Rutitzky
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elma Kurtagic
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas Prod'homme
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amit Choudhury
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nathaniel Washburn
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Naveen Bhatnagar
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Holte
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Robert Prenovitz
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Matthew Child
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jason Killough
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steven Tyler
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Julia Brown
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Stephanie Nguyen
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Inessa Schwab
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maurice Hains
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Robin Meccariello
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lynn Markowitz
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Radouane Zouaoui
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Allison Simpson
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Birgit Schultes
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ishan Capila
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Leona Ling
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anthony M Manning
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Carlos J Bosques
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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13
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Robinson JI, Baxter EW, Owen RL, Thomsen M, Tomlinson DC, Waterhouse MP, Win SJ, Nettleship JE, Tiede C, Foster RJ, Owens RJ, Fishwick CWG, Harris SA, Goldman A, McPherson MJ, Morgan AW. Affimer proteins inhibit immune complex binding to FcγRIIIa with high specificity through competitive and allosteric modes of action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E72-81. [PMID: 29247053 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707856115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are essential for the control of cellular functions and are critical for regulation of the immune system. One example is the binding of Fc regions of IgG to the Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs). High sequence identity (98%) between the genes encoding FcγRIIIa (expressed on macrophages and natural killer cells) and FcγRIIIb (expressed on neutrophils) has prevented the development of monospecific agents against these therapeutic targets. We now report the identification of FcγRIIIa-specific artificial binding proteins called "Affimer" that block IgG binding and abrogate FcγRIIIa-mediated downstream effector functions in macrophages, namely TNF release and phagocytosis. Cocrystal structures and molecular dynamics simulations have revealed the structural basis of this specificity for two Affimer proteins: One binds directly to the Fc binding site, whereas the other acts allosterically.
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14
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Wang C, Wu Y, Wang L, Hong B, Jin Y, Hu D, Chen G, Kong Y, Huang A, Hua G, Ying T. Engineered Soluble Monomeric IgG1 Fc with Significantly Decreased Non-Specific Binding. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1545. [PMID: 29181008 PMCID: PMC5693891 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the long serum half-life provided by the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) recycling, the IgG1 Fc has been pursued as the fusion partner to develop therapeutic Fc-fusion proteins, or as the antibody-derived scaffold that could be engineered with antigen-binding capabilities. In previous studies, we engineered the monomeric Fc by mutating critical residues located on the IgG1 Fc dimerization interface. Comparing with the wild-type dimeric Fc, monomeric Fc might possess substantial advantages conferred by its smaller size, but also suffers the disadvantage of non-specific binding to some unrelated antigens, raising considerable concerns over its potential clinical development. Here, we describe a phage display-based strategy to examine the effects of multiple mutations of IgG1 monomeric Fc and, simultaneously, to identify new Fc monomers with desired properties. Consequently, we identified a novel monomeric Fc that displayed significantly decreased non-specificity. In addition, it exhibited higher thermal stability and comparable pH-dependent FcRn binding to the previous reported monomeric Fc. These results provide baseline to understand the mechanism underlying the generation of soluble IgG1 Fc monomers and warrant the further clinical development of monomeric Fc-based fusion proteins as well as antigen binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Jin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ailing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Hua
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlei Ying
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Giacomelli R, Afeltra A, Alunno A, Baldini C, Bartoloni-Bocci E, Berardicurti O, Carubbi F, Cauli A, Cervera R, Ciccia F, Cipriani P, Conti F, De Vita S, Di Benedetto P, Doria A, Drosos AA, Favalli EG, Gandolfo S, Gatto M, Grembiale RD, Liakouli V, Lories R, Lubrano E, Lunardi C, Margiotta DPE, Massaro L, Meroni P, Minniti A, Navarini L, Pendolino M, Perosa F, Pers JO, Prete M, Priori R, Puppo F, Quartuccio L, Ruffatti A, Ruscitti P, Russo B, Sarzi-Puttini P, Shoenfeld Y, Somarakis GA, Spinelli FR, Tinazzi E, Triolo G, Ursini F, Valentini G, Valesini G, Vettori S, Vitali C, Tzioufas AG. International consensus: What else can we do to improve diagnosis and therapeutic strategies in patients affected by autoimmune rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritides, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and Sjogren's syndrome)? Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:911-924. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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