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Jiajun W, Kaifeng G, Jing Z. Urinary PKM2, a marker predicating acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04054-0. [PMID: 38635124 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication commonly occurred in patients with sepsis, and AKI has become the leading cause associated with mortality. PKM2, as a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, was considered to be involved in AKI in vitro and animal models. However, there have been no studies reported on the expression of PKM2 in humans and its association with AKI. METHODS A retrospective study including 57 patients (35 males and 22 females) that were admitted into hospital in 2019 was carried out in our research. The basic characteristics and clinical parameters of each patient were collected from patients' medical records. We assessed changes in the expression of serum and urinary PKM2 using ELISA and its association with clinical manifestations in patients with sepsis through correlation analysis. Besides, ROC analysis was applied for evaluating the role of PKM2 in predicting AKI and death rate. RESULTS Urinary PKM2 is obviously increased in patients with sepsis-associated AKI (P < 0.05), while no significant change was found in the expression of serum PKM2. Moreover, the expression of urinary PKM2 is positively correlated with serum creatinine (r=0.577, P < 0.01) and blood-urea-nitrogen (r=0.531, P<0.01). In addition, it is negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (r=-0.583, P<0.01). Besides, ROC analysis indicated that urinary PKM2 could be a predictor of AKI in patients with sepsis (AUC-ROC, 0.819; SE, 0.086, P = 0.004, 95% CI 0.651-0.986). CONCLUSIONS Urinary PKM2 could be a marker predicting acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jiajun
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo Kaifeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Jing
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 HaiNing Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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2
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Han Y, Wennersten SA, Pandi BP, Ng DCM, Lau E, Lam MPY. A Ratiometric Catalog of Protein Isoform Shifts in the Cardiac Fetal Gene Program. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.09.588716. [PMID: 38645170 PMCID: PMC11030362 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The fetal genetic program orchestrates cardiac development and the re-expression of fetal genes is thought to underlie cardiac disease and adaptation. Here, a proteomics ratio test using mass spectrometry is applied to find protein isoforms with statistically significant usage differences in the fetal vs. postnatal mouse heart. Changes in isoform usage ratios are pervasive at the protein level, with 104 significant events observed, including 88 paralog-derived isoform switching events and 16 splicing-derived isoform switching events between fetal and postnatal hearts. The ratiometric proteomic comparisons rediscovered hallmark fetal gene signatures including a postnatal switch from fetal β (MYH7) toward ɑ (MYH6) myosin heavy chains and from slow skeletal muscle (TNNI1) toward cardiac (TNNI3) troponin I. Altered usages in metabolic proteins are prominent, including a platelet to muscle phosphofructokinase (PFKP - PFKM), enolase 1 to 3 (ENO1 - ENO3), and alternative splicing of pyruvate kinase M2 toward M1 (PKM2 - PKM1) isoforms in glycolysis. The data also revealed a parallel change in mitochondrial proteins in cardiac development, suggesting the shift toward aerobic respiration involves also a remodeling of the mitochondrial protein isoform proportion. Finally, a number of glycolytic protein isoforms revert toward their fetal forms in adult hearts under pathological cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting their functional roles in adaptive or maladaptive response, but this reversal is partial. In summary, this work presents a catalog of ratiometric protein markers of the fetal genetic program of the mouse heart, including previously unreported splice isoform markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sara A Wennersten
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Boomathi P Pandi
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dominic C M Ng
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Edward Lau
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maggie P Y Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Rihan M, Sharma SS. Cardioprotective potential of compound 3K, a selective PKM2 inhibitor in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction: A mechanistic study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 485:116905. [PMID: 38521371 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack arises from acute or chronic prolonged ischemic conditions in the myocardium. Although several risk factors are associated with MI pathophysiology, one of the risk factors is an imbalance in the oxygen supply. The current available MI therapies are still inadequate due to the complexity of MI pathophysiology. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has been implicated in numerous CVDs pathologies. However, the effect of specific pharmacological intervention targeting PKM2 has not been studied in MI. Therefore, in this study, we explored the effect of compound 3K, a PKM2-specific inhibitor, in isoproterenol-induced acute MI model. In this study, in order to induce MI in rats, isoproterenol (ISO) was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg over two days at an interval of 24 h. Specific PKM2 inhibitor, compound 3K (2 and 4 mg/kg), was administered in MI rats to investigate its cardioprotective potential. After the last administration of compound 3K, ECG and hemodynamic parameters were recorded using a PV-loop system. Cardiac histology, western blotting, and plasmatic cardiac damage markers were evaluated to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Treatment of compound 3K significantly reduced ISO-induced alterations in ECG, ventricular functions, cardiac damage, infarct size, and cardiac fibrosis. Compound 3K treatment produced significant increase in PKM1 expression and decrease in PKM2 expression. In addition, HIF-1α, caspase-3, c-Myc, and PTBP1 expression were also reduced after compound 3K treatment. This study demonstrates the cardioprotective potential of compound 3K in MI, and its mechanisms of cardioprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rihan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India.
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Costanzo V, Ratre YK, Andretta E, Acharya R, Bhaskar LVKS, Verma HK. A Comprehensive Review of Cancer Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Blood Cancer Patients: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Strategies. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:465-495. [PMID: 38372853 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Cardiotoxicity has emerged as a serious outcome catalyzed by various therapeutic targets in the field of cancer treatment, which includes chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies. The growing significance of cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity (CDIC) and radiation-induced cardiotoxicity (CRIC) necessitates immediate attention. This article intricately unveils how cancer treatments cause cardiotoxicity, which is exacerbated by patient-specific risks. In particular, drugs like anthracyclines, alkylating agents, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors pose a risk, along with factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Mechanistic insights into oxidative stress and topoisomerase-II-B inhibition are crucial, while cardiac biomarkers show early damage. Timely intervention and prompt treatment, especially with specific agents like dexrazoxane and beta-blockers, are pivotal in the proactive management of CDIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Costanzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rakesh Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, 85764, Munich, Germany.
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Yu MG, Gordin D, Fu J, Park K, Li Q, King GL. Protective Factors and the Pathogenesis of Complications in Diabetes. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:227-252. [PMID: 37638875 PMCID: PMC10911956 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic complications of diabetes are due to myriad disorders of numerous metabolic pathways that are responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Traditionally, diabetes complications are divided into those of microvascular and macrovascular origin. We suggest revising this antiquated classification into diabetes complications of vascular, parenchymal, and hybrid (both vascular and parenchymal) tissue origin, since the profile of diabetes complications ranges from those involving only vascular tissues to those involving mostly parenchymal organs. A major paradigm shift has occurred in recent years regarding the pathogenesis of diabetes complications, in which the focus has shifted from studies on risks to those on the interplay between risk and protective factors. While risk factors are clearly important for the development of chronic complications in diabetes, recent studies have established that protective factors are equally significant in modulating the development and severity of diabetes complications. These protective responses may help explain the differential severity of complications, and even the lack of pathologies, in some tissues. Nevertheless, despite the growing number of studies on this field, comprehensive reviews on protective factors and their mechanisms of action are not available. This review thus focused on the clinical, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms that support the idea of endogenous protective factors, and their roles in the initiation and progression of chronic complications in diabetes. In addition, this review also aimed to identify the main needs of this field for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gregory Yu
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel Gordin
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Stenbäckinkatu 9, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jialin Fu
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kyoungmin Park
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Qian Li
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - George Liang King
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Wen J, Chen C. From Energy Metabolic Change to Precision Therapy: a Holistic View of Energy Metabolism in Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:56-70. [PMID: 37450209 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex and multifactorial disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by metabolic disturbances of substrates such as glucose, fatty acids (FAs), ketone bodies, and amino acids, which lead to changes in cardiac energy metabolism pathways. These metabolic alterations can directly or indirectly promote myocardial remodeling, thereby accelerating the progression of HF, resulting in a vicious cycle of worsening symptoms, and contributing to the increased hospitalization and mortality among patients with HF. In this review, we summarized the latest researches on energy metabolic profiling in HF and provided the related translational therapeutic strategies for this devastating disease. By taking a holistic approach to understanding energy metabolism changes in HF, we hope to provide comprehensive insights into the pathophysiology of this challenging condition and identify novel precise targets for the development of more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpei Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Pan J, Zhang L, Li D, Li Y, Lu M, Hu Y, Sun B, Zhang Z, Li C. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1: Regulatory mechanisms and drug therapy in myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176277. [PMID: 38123007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), an acute cardiovascular disease characterized by coronary artery blockage, inadequate blood supply, and subsequent ischemic necrosis of the myocardium, is one of the leading causes of death. The cellular, physiological, and pathological responses following MI are complex, involving multiple intertwined pathological mechanisms. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a crucial regulator of hypoxia, plays a significant role in of the development of MI by modulating the behavior of various cells such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. HIF-1 regulates various post-MI adaptive reactions to acute ischemia and hypoxia through various mechanisms. These mechanisms include angiogenesis, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and ventricular remodeling. With its crucial role in MI, HIF-1 is expected to significantly influence the treatment of MI. However, the drugs available for the treatment of MI targeting HIF-1 are currently limited, and most contain natural compounds. The development of precision-targeted drugs modulating HIF-1 has therapeutic potential for advancing MI treatment research and development. This study aimed to summarize the regulatory role of HIF-1 in the pathological responses of various cells following MI, the diverse mechanisms of action of HIF-1 in MI, and the potential drugs targeting HIF-1 for treating MI, thus providing the theoretical foundations for potential clinical therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Chao Li
- Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Rihan M, Sharma SS. Inhibition of Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) by shikonin attenuates isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction via reduction in inflammation, hypoxia, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:145-159. [PMID: 37382601 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and disability globally. MI results from acute or chronic myocardial ischemia characterized by an imbalance of oxygen demand and supply, leading to irreversible myocardial injury. Despite several significant efforts in the understanding of MI, the therapy of MI is not satisfactory due to its complicated pathophysiology. Recently, therapeutic potential of targeting pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has been postulated in several cardiovascular diseases. PKM2 gene knockout and expression studies implicated the role of PKM2 in MI. However, the effects of pharmacological interventions targeting PKM2 have not been investigated in MI. Therefore, in the present study, effect of PKM2 inhibitor has been investigated in the MI along with elucidation of possible mechanism(s). MI in rats was induced by administrations of isoproterenol (ISO) at a dose of 100 mg/kg s.c. for two consecutives days at 24-h interval. At the same time, shikonin (PKM2 inhibitor) was administered at 2 and 4 mg/kg in ISO-induced MI rats. After the shikonin treatment, the ventricular functions were measured using a PV-loop system. Plasma MI injury markers, cardiac histology, and immunoblotting were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Treatment of shikonin 2 and 4 mg/kg ameliorated cardiac injury, reduced infarct size, biochemical alterations, ventricular dysfunction, and cardiac fibrosis in ISO-induced MI. Expression of PKM2 in the ventricle was reduced while PKM1 expression increased in the shikonin treated group, indicating PKM2 inhibition restores PKM1 expression. In addition, PKM splicing protein (hnRNPA2B1 & PTBP1), HIF-1α, and caspase-3 expression were reduced after shikonin treatment. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of PKM2 with shikonin could be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rihan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), 160062, Punjab, India.
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Guo L, Wang L, Qin G, Zhang J, Peng J, Li L, Chen X, Wang D, Qiu J, Wang E. M-type pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) tetramerization alleviates the progression of right ventricle failure by regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics. J Transl Med 2023; 21:888. [PMID: 38062516 PMCID: PMC10702013 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04780-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right ventricle failure (RVF) is a progressive heart disease that has yet to be fully understood at the molecular level. Elevated M-type pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) tetramerization alleviates heart failure, but detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We observed changes in PKM2 tetramerization levels during the progression of right heart failure and in vitro cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and explored the causal relationship between altered PKM2 tetramerization and the imbalance of redox homeostasis in cardiomyocytes, as well as its underlying mechanisms. Ultimately, our goal was to propose rational intervention strategies for the treatment of RVF. METHOD We established RVF in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT). The pulmonary artery pressure and right heart function of rats were assessed using transthoracic echocardiography combined with right heart catheterization. TEPP-46 was used both in vivo and in vitro to promote PKM2 tetramerization. RESULTS We observed that oxidative stress and mitochondrial disorganization were associated with increased apoptosis in the right ventricular tissue of RVF rats. Quantitative proteomics revealed that PKM2 was upregulated during RVF and negatively correlated with the cardiac function. Facilitating PKM2 tetramerization promoted mitochondrial network formation and alleviated oxidative stress and apoptosis during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Moreover, enhancing PKM2 tetramer formation improved cardiac mitochondrial morphology, mitigated oxidative stress and alleviated heart failure. CONCLUSION Disruption of PKM2 tetramerization contributed to RVF by inducing mitochondrial fragmentation, accumulating ROS, and finally promoted the progression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Facilitating PKM2 tetramerization holds potential as a promising therapeutic approach for RVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhe Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longyan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - E Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China.
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Jiang M, Fan X, Wang Y, Sun X. Effects of hypoxia in cardiac metabolic remodeling and heart failure. Exp Cell Res 2023; 432:113763. [PMID: 37726046 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic cellular respiration requires oxygen, which is an essential part of cardiomyocyte metabolism. Thus, oxygen is required for the physiologic metabolic activities and development of adult hearts. However, the activities of metabolic pathways associated with hypoxia in cardiomyocytes (CMs) have not been conclusively described. In this review, we discuss the role of hypoxia in the development of the hearts metabolic system, and the metabolic remodeling associated with the hypoxic adult heart. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), the signature transcription factors in hypoxic environments, is also investigated for their potential to modulate hypoxia-induced metabolic changes. Metabolic remodeling existing in hypoxic hearts have also been shown to occur in chronic failing hearts, implying that novel therapeutic options for heart failure (HF) may exist from the hypoxic perspective. The pressure overload-induced HF and diabetes-induced HF are also discussed to demonstrate the effects of HIF factor-related pathways to control the metabolic remodeling of failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhou Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Fan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaotian Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Shen Y, Peng X, Ji H, Gong W, Zhu H, Wang J. Dapagliflozin protects heart function against type-4 cardiorenal syndrome through activation of PKM2/PP1/FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126116. [PMID: 37541471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Dapagliflozin (DAPA) confers significant protection against heart and kidney diseases. However, whether DAPA can alleviate type 4 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS-4)-related cardiomyopathy remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that DAPA attenuates CRS-4-related myocardial damage through pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 (PKM2) induction and FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1)-related mitophagy. Cardiomyocyte-specific PKM2 knockout (PKM2CKO) and FUNDC1 knockout (FUNDC1CKO) mice were subjected to subtotal (5/6) nephrectomy to establish a CRS-4 model in vivo. DAPA enhanced PKM2 expression and improved myocardial function and structure in vivo, and this effect was abrogated by PKM2 knockdown. A significant improvement in mitochondrial function was observed in HL-1 cells exposed to sera from DAPA-treated mice, as featured by increased ATP production, decreased mtROS production, improved mitochondrial membrane potential, preserved mitochondrial complex activity, and reduced mitochondrial apoptosis. DAPA restored FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy through post-transcriptional dephosphorylation in a manner dependent on PKM2 whereas ablation of FUNDC1 abolished the defensive actions of DAPA on myocardium and mitochondria under CRS-4. Co-IP and molecular docking assays indicated that PKM2 directly interacted with protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and FUNDC1, leading to PP1-mediated FUNDC1 dephosphorylation. These results suggest that DAPA attenuates CRS-4-related cardiomyopathy through activating the PKM2/PP1/FUNDC1-mitophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, China
| | - Haizhe Ji
- Faculty of medicine, Dalian university of technology, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006; Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China.
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Yu F, Cong S, Yap EP, Hausenloy DJ, Ramachandra CJ. Unravelling the Interplay between Cardiac Metabolism and Heart Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10300. [PMID: 37373444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of heart failure (HF) and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. An ischemic event induces cardiomyocyte death, and the ability for the adult heart to repair itself is challenged by the limited proliferative capacity of resident cardiomyocytes. Intriguingly, changes in metabolic substrate utilisation at birth coincide with the terminal differentiation and reduced proliferation of cardiomyocytes, which argues for a role of cardiac metabolism in heart regeneration. As such, strategies aimed at modulating this metabolism-proliferation axis could, in theory, promote heart regeneration in the setting of IHD. However, the lack of mechanistic understanding of these cellular processes has made it challenging to develop therapeutic modalities that can effectively promote regeneration. Here, we review the role of metabolic substrates and mitochondria in heart regeneration, and discuss potential targets aimed at promoting cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry. While advances in cardiovascular therapies have reduced IHD-related deaths, this has resulted in a substantial increase in HF cases. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between cardiac metabolism and heart regeneration could facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets to repair the damaged heart and reduce risk of HF in patients with IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Shuo Cong
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - En Ping Yap
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Chrishan J Ramachandra
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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13
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Wu P, Zhu T, Huang Y, Fang Z, Luo F. Current understanding of the contribution of lactate to the cardiovascular system and its therapeutic relevance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205442. [PMID: 37396168 PMCID: PMC10309561 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Research during the past decades has yielded numerous insights into the presence and function of lactate in the body. Lactate is primarily produced via glycolysis and plays special roles in the regulation of tissues and organs, particularly in the cardiovascular system. In addition to being a net consumer of lactate, the heart is also the organ in the body with the greatest lactate consumption. Furthermore, lactate maintains cardiovascular homeostasis through energy supply and signal regulation under physiological conditions. Lactate also affects the occurrence, development, and prognosis of various cardiovascular diseases. We will highlight how lactate regulates the cardiovascular system under physiological and pathological conditions based on evidence from recent studies. We aim to provide a better understanding of the relationship between lactate and cardiovascular health and provide new ideas for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, we will summarize current developments in treatments targeting lactate metabolism, transport, and signaling, including their role in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panyun Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tengteng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenfei Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Li J, Minczuk K, Huang Q, Kemp BA, Howell NL, Chordia MD, Roy RJ, Patrie JT, Qureshi Z, Kramer CM, Epstein FH, Carey RM, Kundu BK, Keller SR. Progressive Cardiac Metabolic Defects Accompany Diastolic and Severe Systolic Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Hearts. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e026950. [PMID: 37183873 PMCID: PMC10227297 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Cardiac metabolic abnormalities are present in heart failure. Few studies have followed metabolic changes accompanying diastolic and systolic heart failure in the same model. We examined metabolic changes during the development of diastolic and severe systolic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods and Results We serially measured myocardial glucose uptake rates with dynamic 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography in vivo in 9-, 12-, and 18-month-old SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging determined systolic function (ejection fraction) and diastolic function (isovolumetric relaxation time) and left ventricular mass in the same rats. Cardiac metabolomics was performed at 12 and 18 months in separate rats. At 12 months, SHR hearts, compared with Wistar Kyoto hearts, demonstrated increased isovolumetric relaxation time and slightly reduced ejection fraction indicating diastolic and mild systolic dysfunction, respectively, and higher (versus 9-month-old SHR decreasing) 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake rates (Ki). At 18 months, only few SHR hearts maintained similar abnormalities as 12-month-old SHR, while most exhibited severe systolic dysfunction, worsening diastolic function, and markedly reduced 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake rates. Left ventricular mass normalized to body weight was elevated in SHR, more pronounced with severe systolic dysfunction. Cardiac metabolite changes differed between SHR hearts at 12 and 18 months, indicating progressive defects in fatty acid, glucose, branched chain amino acid, and ketone body metabolism. Conclusions Diastolic and severe systolic dysfunction in SHR are associated with decreasing cardiac glucose uptake, and progressive abnormalities in metabolite profiles. Whether and which metabolic changes trigger progressive heart failure needs to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Krzysztof Minczuk
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of Experimental Physiology and PathophysiologyMedical University of BiałystokBialystokPoland
| | - Qiao Huang
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Brandon A. Kemp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Nancy L. Howell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - R. Jack Roy
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - James T. Patrie
- Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Zoraiz Qureshi
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Christopher M. Kramer
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular DivisionUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | | | - Robert M. Carey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Bijoy K. Kundu
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
- Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
| | - Susanna R. Keller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA
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Wang F, Yin X, Fan YM, Zhang X, Ma C, Jia K, Zhou W, Tang Z, Qi LW, Li J. Upregulation of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 by deubiquitinase OTUD4 promotes cardiac fibrosis post myocardial infarction. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00109-023-02323-6. [PMID: 37162556 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulations have emerged as a major mediator of cardiovascular disorders and fibrotic diseases. Metabolic reprogramming contributes a lot to cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis post-myocardial infarction (MI), yet the mechanism remains incompletely understood. Our work aimed to determine whether or not glycolytic reprogramming, regulated by phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), is a therapeutic target for alleviating post-MI cardiac fibrosis. Here, we showed that cardiac fibroblasts displayed cell energy phenotype toward augmented glycolysis in response to transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), evidenced by significant extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) increase and lactate accumulation. The expression of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3, a master activator of glycolysis, was up-regulated in TGF-β1-treated cardiac fibroblasts and in cardiac fibroblasts of post-MI mice. Pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 by 3PO diminished TGF-β1-mediated profibrotic phenotypes, attenuated cardiac fibrosis, and preserved cardiac functions in post-MI mice. Meanwhile, the genetic inhibition of PFKFB3 decreased the cardiac fibroblast activation and reversed the differentiated phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified deubiquitinase OTUD4 as a new binding protein of PFKFB3, and their interaction blocked PFKFB3 degradation via OTUD4-mediated deubiquitylation. Taken together, this work characterized a key role for PFKFB3 in cardiac fibroblast activation and suggested that inhibiting PFKFB3-involved glycolysis is an alternative way to alleviate post-MI cardiac fibrosis. KEY MESSAGES: PFKFB3, a master activator of glycolysis, was highly expressed in ischemic cardiac fibroblasts to enhance cardiac fibrosis The deubiquitinase OTUD4 was identified as a new binding protein of PFKFB3 TGF-β1 blunted the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of PFKFB3 via OTUD4-mediated deubiquitylation Blockade of PFKFB3 contributed to ameliorating ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feizuo Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Ming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keke Jia
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Tian H, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Xia Z. Abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114827. [PMID: 37141734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common condition in cardiovascular diseases, and the mechanism of its occurrence involves multiple complex metabolic pathways and signaling pathways. Among these pathways, glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism play important roles in regulating myocardial energy metabolism. Therefore, this article focuses on the roles of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, including glycolysis, glucose uptake and transport, glycogen metabolism and the pentose phosphate pathway; and triglyceride metabolism, fatty acid uptake and transport, phospholipid metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, and cholesterol metabolism. Finally, due to the different alterations and development of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, there are also complex interregulatory relationships between them. In the future, modulating the equilibrium between glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in cardiomyocytes and ameliorating aberrations in myocardial energy metabolism represent highly promising novel strategies for addressing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, a comprehensive exploration of glycolipid metabolism can offer novel theoretical and clinical insights into the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
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17
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Moustafa A, Hashemi S, Brar G, Grigull J, Ng SHS, Williams D, Schmitt-Ulms G, McDermott JC. The MEF2A transcription factor interactome in cardiomyocytes. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:240. [PMID: 37019881 PMCID: PMC10076289 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulators encoded by the Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2) gene family play a fundamental role in cardiac development, homeostasis and pathology. Previous studies indicate that MEF2A protein-protein interactions serve as a network hub in several cardiomyocyte cellular processes. Based on the idea that interactions with regulatory protein partners underly the diverse roles of MEF2A in cardiomyocyte gene expression, we undertook a systematic unbiased screen of the MEF2A protein interactome in primary cardiomyocytes using an affinity purification-based quantitative mass spectrometry approach. Bioinformatic processing of the MEF2A interactome revealed protein networks involved in the regulation of programmed cell death, inflammatory responses, actin dynamics and stress signaling in primary cardiomyocytes. Further biochemical and functional confirmation of specific protein-protein interactions documented a dynamic interaction between MEF2A and STAT3 proteins. Integration of transcriptome level data from MEF2A and STAT3-depleted cardiomyocytes reveals that the balance between MEF2A and STAT3 activity exerts a level of executive control over the inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte cell survival and experimentally ameliorates Phenylephrine induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Lastly, we identified several MEF2A/STAT3 co-regulated genes, including the MMP9 gene. Herein, we document the cardiomyocyte MEF2A interactome, which furthers our understanding of protein networks involved in the hierarchical control of normal and pathophysiological cardiomyocyte gene expression in the mammalian heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Moustafa
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sara Hashemi
- Analytical Sciences, Sanofi, Toronto, ON, M2R 3T4, Canada
- Seneca College, School of Health Sciences, King City, ON, L7B 1B3, Canada
| | - Gurnoor Brar
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jörg Grigull
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Siemon H S Ng
- Analytical Sciences, Sanofi, Toronto, ON, M2R 3T4, Canada
- Analytical Development, Notch Therapeutics, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Declan Williams
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Gerold Schmitt-Ulms
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - John C McDermott
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
- Centre for Research in Biomolecular Interactions (CRBI), York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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18
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Hatami S, Qi X, Khan M, Forgie K, Himmat S, Tkachuk B, Wagner M, Wang X, Nagendran J, Freed DH. Oxidative stress and related metabolic alterations are induced in ex situ perfusion of donated hearts regardless of the ventricular load or leukocyte depletion. Am J Transplant 2023:S1600-6135(22)30217-4. [PMID: 36695686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We sought to determine the role of donor blood circulating leukocytes in mediating oxidative stress and inflammation during normothermic ex situ heart perfusion (ESHP). Normothermic ESHP allows preservation of donated heart in a perfused, dynamic state, preventing ischemia. However, the cardiac function declines during ESHP, limiting the potential of this method for improvement of the outcomes of transplantation and expanding the donor pool. Extracorporeal circulation-related oxidative stress plays a critical role in the functional decline of the donor heart. Hearts from domestic pigs were perfused in working mode (WM, whole blood-based or leukocyte-depleted blood-based perfusate) or nonworking mode. Markers of oxidative stress and responsive glucose anabolic pathways were induced in the myocardium regardless of left ventricular load. Myocardial function during ESHP as well as cardioprotective mechanisms were preserved better in WM. Leukocyte-depleted perfusate did not attenuate tissue oxidative stress or perfusate proinflammatory cytokines and did not improve functional preservation. Although ESHP is associated with ongoing oxidative stress and metabolic alteration in the myocardium, preserved cardioprotective mechanisms in WM may exert beneficial effects. Leukocyte depletion of the perfusate may not attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress effectively or improve the functional preservation of the heart during ESHP.
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19
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Rabkin SW, Tang JKK. Clozapine-induced Myocarditis: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and Implications for Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:60-70. [PMID: 35152873 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220211094910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Clozapine, a superior treatment for treatment-resistant schizophrenia can cause potentially life-threatening myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. While the occurrence of this condition is well known, its molecular mechanisms are unclear and may be multifactorial. Putative mechanisms warrant an in-depth review not only from the perspective of toxicity but also for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the adverse cardiac effects of clozapine and the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Clozapine-induced cardiac toxicity encompasses a diverse set of pathways, including (i) immune modulation and proinflammatory processes encompassing an IgEmediated (type I hypersensitivity) response and perhaps a cytokine release syndrome (ii) catecholaminergic activation (iii) induction of free radicals and oxidative stress (iv) activation of cardiomyocyte cell death pathways, including apoptosis, ischemia through impairment in coronary blood flow via changes in endothelial production of NO and vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine as well as other factors released from cardiac mast cells. (v) In addition, an extensive examination of the effects of clozapine on non-cardiac cellular proteins demonstrates that clozapine can impair enzymes involved in cellular metabolism, such as pyruvate kinase, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, and other proteins, including α-enolase, triosephosphate isomerase and cofilin, which might explain clozapine-induced reductions in myocardial energy generation for cell viability as well as contractile function. Pharmacologic antagonism of these cellular protein effects may lead to the development of strategies to antagonize the cardiac damage induced by clozapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon W Rabkin
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
| | - Jacky K K Tang
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
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20
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Ezeani M, Prabhu S. PI3K signalling at the intersection of cardio-oncology networks: cardiac safety in the era of AI. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:594. [PMID: 36380172 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases. They are super elevated in many human cancer types and exert their main cellular functions by activating Akt to trigger an array of distinct responses, affecting metabolism and cell polarity. The signal equally plays important roles in cardiovascular pathophysiology. PI3K is required for cardiogenesis and regulation of cardiac structure and function. Overexpression of PI3K governs the development of cardiac pressure overload adaptation and compensatory hypertrophy. Therefore, inhibition of PI3K shortens life span, enhances cardiac dysfunction and pathological hypertrophy. The inverse inhibition effect, however, desirably destroys many cancer cells by blocking several aspects of the tumorigenesis phenotype. Given the contrasting effects in cardio-oncology; the best therapeutic strategy to target PI3K in cancer, while maintaining or rather increasing cardiac safety is under intense investigational scrutiny. To improve our molecular understanding towards identifying cardiac safety signalling of PI3K and/or better therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, this article reviews PI3K signalling in cardio-oncology. PI3K signalling at the interface of metabolism, inflammation and immunity, and autonomic innervation networks were examined. Examples were then given of cardiovascular drugs that target the networks, being repurposed for cancer treatment. This was followed by an intersection scheme of the networks that can be functionalised with machine learning for safety and risk prediction, diagnoses, and defining new novel encouraging leads and targets for clinical translation. This will hopefully overcome the challenges of the one-signalling-one-health-outcome alliance, and expand our knowledge of the totality of PI3K signalling in cardio-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ezeani
- NanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Sandeep Prabhu
- The Alfred, and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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21
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Kuhn AR, van Bilsen M. Oncometabolism: A Paradigm for the Metabolic Remodeling of the Failing Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213902. [PMID: 36430377 PMCID: PMC9699042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is associated with profound alterations in cardiac intermediary metabolism. One of the prevailing hypotheses is that metabolic remodeling leads to a mismatch between cardiac energy (ATP) production and demand, thereby impairing cardiac function. However, even after decades of research, the relevance of metabolic remodeling in the pathogenesis of heart failure has remained elusive. Here we propose that cardiac metabolic remodeling should be looked upon from more perspectives than the mere production of ATP needed for cardiac contraction and relaxation. Recently, advances in cancer research have revealed that the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells, often coined as oncometabolism, directly impacts cellular phenotype and function. Accordingly, it is well feasible that the rewiring of cardiac cellular metabolism during the development of heart failure serves similar functions. In this review, we reflect on the influence of principal metabolic pathways on cellular phenotype as originally described in cancer cells and discuss their potential relevance for cardiac pathogenesis. We discuss current knowledge of metabolism-driven phenotypical alterations in the different cell types of the heart and evaluate their impact on cardiac pathogenesis and therapy.
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22
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the world's leading cause of death, accounting for 32% of all fatalities. Although therapeutic agents are available for CVDs, however, most of them have significant limitations such as the time-dependency effect, hypotension, and bradycardia. To overcome the limitations of current pharmacological therapies, new molecular targets and pathways need to be identified and investigated to provide better treatment options for CVDs. Recent evidence suggested the involvement of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and targeting PKM2 by its modulators (inhibitors and activators) has shown promising results in several CVDs. PKM2 regulates gene activation in the context of apoptosis, mitosis, hypoxia, inflammation, and metabolic reprogramming. PKM2 modulators might have a significant impact on the molecular pathways involved in CVD pathogenesis. Therefore, PKM2 modulators can be one of the therapeutic options for CVDs. This review provides an insight into PKM2 involvement in various CVDs along with their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rihan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India.
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Chen L, Yu D, Ling S, Xu JW. Mechanism of tonifying-kidney Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:988360. [PMID: 36172573 PMCID: PMC9510640 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.988360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), chronic heart failure has the basic pathological characteristics of “heart-kidney yang deficiency.” Chronic heart failure with heart- and kidney-Yang deficiency has good overlap with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III and IV. Traditional Chinese medicine classical prescriptions for the treatment of chronic heart failure often take “warming and tonifying kidney-Yang” as the core, supplemented by herbal compositions with functions of “promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis.” Nowadays, there are still many classical and folk prescriptions for chronic heart failure treatment, such as Zhenwu decoction, Bushen Huoxue decoction, Shenfu decoction, Sini decoction, as well as Qili Qiangxin capsule. This review focuses on classical formulations and their active constituents that play a key role in preventing chronic heart failure by suppressing inflammation and modulating immune and neurohumoral factors. In addition, given that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming has intimate relation with inflammation, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis, the regulatory role of classical prescriptions and their active components in metabolic reprogramming, including glycolysis and lipid β-oxidation, is also presented. Although the exact mechanism is unknown, the classical TCM prescriptions still have good clinical effects in treating chronic heart failure. This review will provide a modern pharmacological explanation for its mechanism and offer evidence for clinical medication by combining TCM syndrome differentiation with chronic heart failure clinical stages.
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24
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Rincón LM, Rodríguez-Serrano M, Conde E, Lanza VF, Sanmartín M, González-Portilla P, Paz-García M, Del Rey JM, Menacho M, García Bermejo ML, Zamorano JL. Serum microRNAs are key predictors of long-term heart failure and cardiovascular death after myocardial infarction. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:3367-3379. [PMID: 35837763 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) are at high risk of upcoming events, in particular heart failure (HF), but reliable stratification methods are lacking. Our goal was to evaluate the potential role of circulating miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in patients presenting with MI. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a prospective study among 311 consecutive patients hospitalized with MI (65% ST-segment elevation MI & median age of 55 years) with long-term follow-up. An initial screening was conducted to select candidate miRNAs, with subsequent study of 14 candidate miRNAs. The primary outcome was the composite of hospital admission for HF or cardiovascular death. During a mean follow-up of 2.1 years miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR27b-3p, miR-122-5p, miR210-3p, and miR-221-3p reliably predicted the primary outcome. Multivariate Cox regression analyses highlighted that miR-210-3p [hazard ratio (HR) 2.65 per 1 SD increase, P < 0.001], miR-23a-3p (HR 2.11 per 1 SD increase, P < 0.001), and miR-221-3p (HR 2.03 per 1 SD increase, P < 0.001) were able to accurately predict the primary outcome, as well as cardiovascular death, HF hospitalizations, and long-term New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. These three miRNAs clearly improved the performance of multivariate clinical models: ΔC-statistic = 0.10 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03-0.17], continuous net reclassification index = 34.8% (95%CI, 5.8-57.4%), and integrated discrimination improvement (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study evaluating the prognostic value of circulating miRNAs for HF-related events among patients with MI. We show that several miRNAs predict HF hospitalizations, cardiovascular mortality, and poor long-term NYHA status and improve current risk prediction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Rincón
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, 28034, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Macarena Rodríguez-Serrano
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Laboratory and Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Ctra. Colmenar Km 9100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Elisa Conde
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Laboratory and Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Ctra. Colmenar Km 9100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Val F Lanza
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcelo Sanmartín
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Paz González-Portilla
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Marta Paz-García
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Laboratory and Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Ctra. Colmenar Km 9100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - José Manuel Del Rey
- Department of Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Menacho
- Department of Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Laura García Bermejo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Laboratory and Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Ctra. Colmenar Km 9100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - José L Zamorano
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, 28034, Spain
- Hospital La Zarzuela, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Methatham T, Nagai R, Aizawa K. A New Hypothetical Concept in Metabolic Understanding of Cardiac Fibrosis: Glycolysis Combined with TGF-β and KLF5 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4302. [PMID: 35457114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of fibrosis in cardiac tissues is one of the leading causes of heart failure. The principal cellular effectors in cardiac fibrosis are activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which serve as the primary source of matrix proteins. TGF-β signaling pathways play a prominent role in cardiac fibrosis. The control of TGF-β by KLF5 in cardiac fibrosis has been demonstrated for modulating cardiovascular remodeling. Since the expression of KLF5 is reduced, the accumulation of fibrosis diminishes. Because the molecular mechanism of fibrosis is still being explored, there are currently few options for effectively reducing or reversing it. Studying metabolic alterations is considered an essential process that supports the explanation of fibrosis in a variety of organs and especially the glycolysis alteration in the heart. However, the interplay among the main factors involved in fibrosis pathogenesis, namely TGF-β, KLF5, and the metabolic process in glycolysis, is still indistinct. In this review, we explain what we know about cardiac fibroblasts and how they could help with heart repair. Moreover, we hypothesize and summarize the knowledge trend on the molecular mechanism of TGF-β, KLF5, the role of the glycolysis pathway in fibrosis, and present the future therapy of cardiac fibrosis. These studies may target therapies that could become important strategies for fibrosis reduction in the future.
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26
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Shimauchi T, Boucherat O, Yokokawa T, Grobs Y, Wu W, Orcholski M, Martineau S, Omura J, Tremblay E, Shimauchi K, Nadeau V, Breuils-Bonnet S, Paulin R, Potus F, Provencher S, Bonnet S. PARP1-PKM2 Axis Mediates Right Ventricular Failure Associated With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:384-403. [PMID: 35540097 PMCID: PMC9079853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The authors show that increased poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2 (PKM2) expression is a common feature of a decompensated right ventricle in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and animal models. The authors find in vitro that overactivated PARP1 promotes cardiomyocyte dysfunction by favoring PKM2 expression and nuclear function, glycolytic gene expression, activation of nuclear factor κB-dependent proinflammatory factors. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of PARP1 or enforced tetramerization of PKM2 attenuates maladaptive remodeling improving right ventricular (RV) function in multiple rodent models. Taken together, these data implicate the PARP1/PKM2 axis as a critical driver of maladaptive RV remodeling and a new promising target to directly sustain RV function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Key Words
- CM, cardiomyocyte
- CO, cardiac output
- ET, endothelin
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κB
- PAB, pulmonary artery banding
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PARP1
- PARP1, poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase 1
- PKM2
- PKM2, pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2
- RV, right ventricular
- STAT3, signal transducer activator of transcription 3
- WT, wild-type
- cKO, conditional knockout
- pulmonary hypertension
- right ventricle
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Shimauchi
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Tetsuro Yokokawa
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Yann Grobs
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - WenHui Wu
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mark Orcholski
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Martineau
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Junichi Omura
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Eve Tremblay
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Kana Shimauchi
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Nadeau
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Breuils-Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Roxane Paulin
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - François Potus
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Cadour F, Thuny F, Sourdon J. New Insights in Early Detection of Anticancer Drug-Related Cardiotoxicity Using Perfusion and Metabolic Imaging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:813883. [PMID: 35198613 PMCID: PMC8858802 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.813883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-oncology requires a good knowledge of the cardiotoxicity of anticancer drugs, their mechanisms, and their diagnosis for better management. Anthracyclines, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), alkylating agents, antimetabolites, anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER), and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKi) are therapeutics whose cardiotoxicity involves several mechanisms at the cellular and subcellular levels. Current guidelines for anticancer drugs cardiotoxicity are essentially based on monitoring left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF). However, knowledge of microvascular and metabolic dysfunction allows for better imaging assessment before overt LVEF impairment. Early detection of anticancer drug-related cardiotoxicity would therefore advance the prevention and patient care. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the cardiotoxic effects of anticancer drugs and describe myocardial perfusion, metabolic, and mitochondrial function imaging approaches to detect them before over LVEF impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Cadour
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Thuny
- Aix-Marseille University, University Mediterranean Center of Cardio-Oncology, Unit of Heart Failure and Valvular Heart Diseases, Department of Cardiology, North Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), Inserm 1263, Inrae 1260, Marseille, France
| | - Joevin Sourdon
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Joevin Sourdon
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28
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Yamamoto T, Sano M. Deranged Myocardial Fatty Acid Metabolism in Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:996. [PMID: 35055179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart requires fatty acids to maintain its activity. Various mechanisms regulate myocardial fatty acid metabolism, such as energy production using fatty acids as fuel, for which it is known that coordinated control of fatty acid uptake, β-oxidation, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation steps are important for efficient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production without unwanted side effects. The fatty acids taken up by cardiomyocytes are not only used as substrates for energy production but also for the synthesis of triglycerides and the replacement reaction of fatty acid chains in cell membrane phospholipids. Alterations in fatty acid metabolism affect the structure and function of the heart. Recently, breakthrough studies have focused on the key transcription factors that regulate fatty acid metabolism in cardiomyocytes and the signaling systems that modify their functions. In this article, we reviewed the latest research on the role of fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of heart failure and provide an outlook on future challenges.
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29
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Wu X, Liu L, Zheng Q, Hao H, Ye H, Li P, Yang H. Protocatechuic aldehyde protects cardiomycoytes against ischemic injury via regulation of nuclear pyruvate kinase M2. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3553-66. [PMID: 34900536 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rescuing cells from stress damage emerges a potential therapeutic strategy to combat myocardial infarction. Protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA) is a major phenolic acid in Chinese herb Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza root). This study investigated whether PCA regulated nuclear pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) function to protect cardiomyocytes. In rats subjected to isoprenaline, PCA attenuated heart injury and protected cardiomyocytes from apoptosis. Through DARTS and CETSA assays, we identified that PCA bound and promoted PKM2 nuclear translocation in cardiomyocytes exposed to oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD). In the nucleus, PCA increased the binding of PKM2 to β-catenin via preserving PKM2 acetylation, and the complex, in cooperation with T-cell factor 4 (TCF4), was required for transcriptional induction of genes encoding anti-apoptotic proteins, contributing to rescuing cardiomyocyte survival. In addition, PCA ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and prevented mitochondrial apoptosis dependent on PKM2. Consistently, PCA increased the binding of PKM2 to β-catenin, improved heart contractive function, normalized heart structure and attenuated oxidative damage in mice subjected to artery ligation, but the protective effects were lost in Pkm2-deficient heart. Together, we showed that PCA regulated nuclear PKM2 function to rescue cardiomyocyte survival via β-catenin/TCF4 signaling cascade, suggesting the potential of pharmacological intervention of PKM2 shuttle to protect the heart.
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Key Words
- Apoptosis
- CETSA, cellular thermal shift assay
- CK-MB, creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB
- DARTS, drug affinity responsive target stability
- Heart ischemia
- ISO, isoprenaline
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- Mitochondrial damage
- Myocardial infarction
- NRVMs, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes
- Nuclear translocation
- OGD, oxygen and glucose deprivation
- PCA, protocatechuic aldehyde
- PKM2
- PKM2, pyruvate kinase isoform M2
- Protocatechuic aldehyde
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TCF4
- TCF4, T-cell factor 4
- TUNEL, deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling
- shRNA, short hairpin RNA
- β-Catenin
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30
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López AE, Bauzá MDR, Cuniberti L, Crottogini AJ, Olea FD, Locatelli P. Gene Therapy: Targeting Cardiomyocyte Proliferation to Repopulate the Ischemic Heart. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:346-60. [PMID: 34516452 DOI: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes show scarce division ability, which makes the heart ineffective in replacing lost contractile cells after ischemic cardiomyopathy. In the past decades, there have been increasing efforts in the search for novel strategies to regenerate the injured myocardium. Among them, gene therapy is one of the most promising ones, based on recent and emerging studies that support the fact that functional cardiomyocyte regeneration can be accomplished by the stimulation and enhancement of the endogenous ability of these cells to achieve cell division. This capacity can be targeted by stimulating several molecules, such as cell cycle regulators, noncoding RNAs, transcription, and metabolic factors. Therefore, the proposed target, together with the selection of the vector used, administration route, and the experimental animal model used in the development of the therapy would determine the success in the clinical field.
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31
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Li Q, Li C, Elnwasany A, Sharma G, An YA, Zhang G, Elhelaly WM, Lin J, Gong Y, Chen G, Wang M, Zhao S, Dai C, Smart CD, Liu J, Luo X, Deng Y, Tan L, Lv SJ, Davidson SM, Locasale JW, Lorenzi PL, Malloy CR, Gillette TG, Vander Heiden MG, Scherer PE, Szweda LI, Fu G, Wang ZV. PKM1 Exerts Critical Roles in Cardiac Remodeling Under Pressure Overload in the Heart. Circulation 2021; 144:712-727. [PMID: 34102853 PMCID: PMC8405569 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic remodeling precedes most alterations during cardiac hypertrophic growth under hemodynamic stress. The elevation of glucose utilization has been recognized as a hallmark of metabolic remodeling. However, its role in cardiac hypertrophic growth and heart failure in response to pressure overload remains to be fully illustrated. Here, we aimed to dissect the role of cardiac PKM1 (pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 1) in glucose metabolic regulation and cardiac response under pressure overload. METHODS Cardiac-specific deletion of PKM1 was achieved by crossing the floxed PKM1 mouse model with the cardiomyocyte-specific Cre transgenic mouse. PKM1 transgenic mice were generated under the control of tetracycline response elements, and cardiac-specific overexpression of PKM1 was induced by doxycycline administration in adult mice. Pressure overload was triggered by transverse aortic constriction. Primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were used to dissect molecular mechanisms. Moreover, metabolomics and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses were conducted to determine cardiac metabolic flux in response to pressure overload. RESULTS We found that PKM1 expression is reduced in failing human and mouse hearts. It is important to note that cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of PKM1 exacerbates cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in response to pressure overload. Inducible overexpression of PKM1 in cardiomyocytes protects the heart against transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiomyopathy and heart failure. At the mechanistic level, PKM1 is required for the augmentation of glycolytic flux, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP production under pressure overload. Furthermore, deficiency of PKM1 causes a defect in cardiomyocyte growth and a decrease in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity at both in vitro and in vivo levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PKM1 plays an essential role in maintaining a homeostatic response in the heart under hemodynamic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Abdallah Elnwasany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yu A. An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Waleed M. Elhelaly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingchao Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guihao Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Chongshan Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Charles D. Smart
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiang Luo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shuang-Jie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shawn M. Davidson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason W. Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Craig R. Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas G. Gillette
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew G. Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Luke I. Szweda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao V. Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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32
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Fabiani I, Panichella G, Aimo A, Grigoratos C, Vergaro G, Pugliese NR, Taddei S, Cardinale DM, Passino C, Emdin M, Giannoni A. Subclinical cardiac damage in cancer patients before chemotherapy. Heart Fail Rev 2021. [PMID: 34318387 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF), are the main causes of death in Western countries. Several anticancer drugs and radiotherapy have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, promoting left ventricular dysfunction and ultimately HF. Nonetheless, the relationship between cancer and HF is likely not unidirectional. Indeed, cancer and HF share common risk factors, and both have a bidirectional relationship with systemic inflammation, metabolic disturbances, and neurohormonal and immune activation. Few studies have assessed the impact of untreated cancer on the heart. The presence of an active cancer has been associated with elevated cardiac biomarkers, an initial impairment of left ventricular structure and function, autonomic dysfunction, and reduced exercise tolerance. In turn, these conditions might increase the risk of cardiac damage from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. HF drugs such as beta-blockers or inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system might exert a protective effect on the heart even before the start of cancer therapies. In this review, we recapitulate the evidence of cardiac involvement in cancer patients naïve from chemotherapy and radiotherapy and no history of cardiac disease. We also focus on the perspectives for an early diagnosis and treatment to prevent the progression to cardiac dysfunction and clinical HF, and the potential benefits of cardioactive drugs on cancer progression.
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33
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Maldonado-Velez G, Firulli AB. Mechanisms Underlying Cardiomyocyte Development: Can We Exploit Them to Regenerate the Heart? Curr Cardiol Rep 2021; 23:81. [PMID: 34081213 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW It is well established that the adult mammalian cardiomyocytes retain a low capacity for cell cycle activity; however, it is insufficient to effectively respond to myocardial injury and facilitate cardiac regenerative repair. Lessons learned from species in which cardiomyocytes do allow for proliferative regeneration/repair have shed light into the mechanisms underlying cardiac regeneration post-injury. Importantly, many of these mechanisms are conserved across species, including mammals, and efforts to tap into these mechanisms effectively within the adult heart are currently of great interest. RECENT FINDINGS Targeting the endogenous gene regulatory networks (GRNs) shown to play roles in the cardiac regeneration of conducive species is seen as a strong approach, as delivery of a single or combination of genes has promise to effectively enhance cell cycle activity and CM proliferation in adult hearts post-myocardial infarction (MI). In situ re-induction of proliferative gene regulatory programs within existing, local, non-damaged cardiomyocytes helps overcome significant technical hurdles, such as successful engraftment of implanted cells or achieving complete cardiomyocyte differentiation from cell-based approaches. Although many obstacles currently exist and need to be overcome to successfully translate these approaches to clinical settings, the current efforts presented here show great promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Maldonado-Velez
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA
| | - Anthony B Firulli
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5225, USA.
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Handzlik MK, Tooth DJ, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Greenhaff PL, Cole MA. Potential role for pyruvate kinase M2 in the regulation of murine cardiac glycolytic flux during in vivo chronic hypoxia. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203170. [PMID: 33973628 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20203170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate metabolism in heart failure shares similarities to that following hypoxic exposure, and is thought to maintain energy homoeostasis in the face of reduced O2 availability. As part of these in vivo adaptations during sustained hypoxia, the heart up-regulates and maintains a high glycolytic flux, but the underlying mechanism is still elusive. We followed the cardiac glycolytic responses to a chronic hypoxic (CH) intervention using [5-3H]-glucose labelling in combination with detailed and extensive enzymatic and metabolomic approaches to provide evidence of the underlying mechanism that allows heart survivability. Following 3 weeks of in vivo hypoxia (11% oxygen), murine hearts were isolated and perfused in a retrograde mode with function measured via an intraventricular balloon and glycolytic flux quantified using [5-3H]-glucose labelling. At the end of perfusion, hearts were flash-frozen and central carbon intermediates determined via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The maximal activity of glycolytic enzymes considered rate-limiting was assessed enzymatically, and protein abundance was determined using Western blotting. Relative to normoxic hearts, CH increased ex vivo cardiac glycolytic flux 1.7-fold with no effect on cardiac function. CH up-regulated cardiac pyruvate kinase (PK) flux 3.1-fold and cardiac pyruvate kinase muscle isoenzyme M2 (PKM2) protein content 1.4-fold compared with normoxic hearts. CH also augmented cardiac pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux, reflected by higher ribose-5-phosphate (R5P) content. These findings support an increase in the covalent (protein expression) and allosteric (flux) control of PKM2 as being central to the sustained up-regulation of the glycolytic flux in the chronically hypoxic heart.
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Davogustto GE, Salazar RL, Vasquez HG, Karlstaedt A, Dillon WP, Guthrie PH, Martin JR, Vitrac H, De La Guardia G, Vela D, Ribas-Latre A, Baumgartner C, Eckel-Mahan K, Taegtmeyer H. Metabolic remodeling precedes mTORC1-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 158:115-127. [PMID: 34081952 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The nutrient sensing mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and its primary inhibitor, tuberin (TSC2), are cues for the development of cardiac hypertrophy. The phenotype of mTORC1 induced hypertrophy is unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of sustained mTORC1 activation on metabolism, function, and structure of the adult heart. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed a mouse model of inducible, cardiac-specific sustained mTORC1 activation (mTORC1iSA) through deletion of Tsc2. Prior to hypertrophy, rates of glucose uptake and oxidation, as well as protein and enzymatic activity of glucose 6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) were decreased, while intracellular levels of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) were increased. Subsequently, hypertrophy developed. Transcript levels of the fetal gene program and pathways of exercise-induced hypertrophy increased, while hypertrophy did not progress to heart failure. We therefore examined the hearts of wild-type mice subjected to voluntary physical activity and observed early changes in GPI, followed by hypertrophy. Rapamycin prevented these changes in both models. CONCLUSION Activation of mTORC1 in the adult heart triggers the development of a non-specific form of hypertrophy which is preceded by changes in cardiac glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni E Davogustto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca L Salazar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hernan G Vasquez
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anja Karlstaedt
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William P Dillon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick H Guthrie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph R Martin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Gina De La Guardia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Vela
- Cardiovascular Pathology Research Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute at CHI St. Luke's Health, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aleix Ribas-Latre
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Corrine Baumgartner
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ushio-Fukai M, Ash D, Nagarkoti S, Belin de Chantemèle EJ, Fulton DJR, Fukai T. Interplay Between Reactive Oxygen/Reactive Nitrogen Species and Metabolism in Vascular Biology and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1319-1354. [PMID: 33899493 PMCID: PMC8418449 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS; e.g., superoxide [O2•-] and hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS; e.g., nitric oxide [NO•]) at the physiological level function as signaling molecules that mediate many biological responses, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and gene expression. By contrast, excess ROS/RNS, a consequence of dysregulated redox homeostasis, is a hallmark of cardiovascular disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that both ROS and RNS regulate various metabolic pathways and enzymes. Recent studies indicate that cells have mechanisms that fine-tune ROS/RNS levels by tight regulation of metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. The ROS/RNS-mediated inhibition of glycolytic pathways promotes metabolic reprogramming away from glycolytic flux toward the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway to generate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for antioxidant defense. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which ROS/RNS regulate metabolic enzymes and cellular metabolism and how cellular metabolism influences redox homeostasis and the pathogenesis of disease. A full understanding of these mechanisms will be important for the development of new therapeutic strategies to treat diseases associated with dysregulated redox homeostasis and metabolism. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1319-1354.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dipankar Ash
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sheela Nagarkoti
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric J Belin de Chantemèle
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - David J R Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However, the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex and are dependent not only on the severity and type of heart failure present but also on the co-existence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The failing heart faces an energy deficit, primarily because of a decrease in mitochondrial oxidative capacity. This is partly compensated for by an increase in ATP production from glycolysis. The relative contribution of the different fuels for mitochondrial ATP production also changes, including a decrease in glucose and amino acid oxidation, and an increase in ketone oxidation. The oxidation of fatty acids by the heart increases or decreases, depending on the type of heart failure. For instance, in heart failure associated with diabetes and obesity, myocardial fatty acid oxidation increases, while in heart failure associated with hypertension or ischemia, myocardial fatty acid oxidation decreases. Combined, these energy metabolic changes result in the failing heart becoming less efficient (ie, a decrease in cardiac work/O2 consumed). The alterations in both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the failing heart are due to both transcriptional changes in key enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways, as well as alterations in NAD redox state (NAD+ and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels) and metabolite signaling that contribute to posttranslational epigenetic changes in the control of expression of genes encoding energy metabolic enzymes. Alterations in the fate of glucose, beyond flux through glycolysis or glucose oxidation, also contribute to the pathology of heart failure. Of importance, pharmacological targeting of the energy metabolic pathways has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach to improving cardiac efficiency, decreasing the energy deficit and improving cardiac function in the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (G.D.L., Q.G.K.)
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (G.D.L., Q.G.K.)
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle (R.T.)
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (A.R.W.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (E.D.A.).,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (E.D.A.)
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38
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Hauck L, Dadson K, Chauhan S, Grothe D, Billia F. Inhibiting the Pkm2/b-catenin axis drives in vivo replication of adult cardiomyocytes following experimental MI. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1398-1417. [PMID: 33288902 PMCID: PMC8027412 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes (CM) are postmitotic, differentiated cells that cannot re-enter the cell cycle after any appreciable injury. Therefore, understanding the factors required to induce CM proliferation for repair is of great clinical importance. While expression of muscle pyruvate kinase 2 (Pkm2), a cytosolic enzyme catalyzing the final step in glycolysis, is high in end-stage heart failure (HF), the loss of Pkm2 promotes proliferation in some cellular systems, in vivo. We hypothesized that in the adult heart CM proliferation may require low Pkm2 activity. Thus, we investigated the potential for Pkm2 to regulate CM proliferation in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) employing inducible, cardiac-specific Pkm2 gene knockout (Pkm2KOi) mice. We found a lack of cardiac hypertrophy or expression of the fetal gene program in Pkm2KOi mice post MI, as compared to vehicle control animals (P < 0.01), correlating with smaller infarct size, improved mitochondrial (mt) function, enhanced angiogenesis, reduced degree of CM apoptosis, and reduced oxidative stress post MI. There was significantly higher numbers of dividing CM in the infarct zone between 3-9 days post MI (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, we determined that Pkm2 interacts with β-catenin (Ctnnb1) in the cytoplasm of CM, inhibiting Ctnnb1 phosphorylation at serine 552 and tyrosine 333, by Akt. In the absence of Pkm2, Ctnnb1 translocates to the nucleus leading to transcriptional activation of proliferation-associated target genes. All these effects are abrogated by genetic co-deletion of Pkm2 and Ctnnb1. Collectively, this work supports a novel antiproliferative function for Pkm2 in CM through the sequestration of Ctnnb1 in the cytoplasm of CM whereas loss of Pkm2 is essential for CM proliferation. Reducing cardiac Pkm2 expression may provide a useful strategy for cardiac repair after MI in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Hauck
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Keith Dadson
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shelly Chauhan
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela Grothe
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Cardiology, University Health Network (UHN), 200 Elizabeth St., Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
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Kuspriyanti NP, Ariyanto EF, Syamsunarno MRAA. Role of Warburg Effect in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Potential Treatment Option. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874192402115010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Under normal conditions, the heart obtains ATP through the oxidation of fatty acids, glucose, and ketones. While fatty acids are the main source of energy in the heart, under certain conditions, the main source of energy shifts to glucose where pyruvate converts into lactate, to meet the energy demand. The Warburg effect is the energy shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in the presence of oxygen. This effect is observed in tumors as well as in diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. If glycolysis is more dominant than glucose oxidation, the two pathways uncouple, contributing to the severity of the heart condition. Recently, several studies have documented changes in metabolism in several cardiovascular diseases; however, the specific mechanisms remain unclear.
Methods:
This literature review was conducted by an electronic database of Pub Med, Google Scholar, and Scopus published until 2020. Relevant papers are selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results:
A total of 162 potentially relevant articles after the title and abstract screening were screened for full-text. Finally, 135 papers were included for the review article.
Discussion:
This review discusses the effects of alterations in glucose metabolism, particularly the Warburg effect, on cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and cardiac hypertrophy.
Conclusion:
Reversing the Warburg effect could become a potential treatment option for cardiovascular diseases.
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40
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Pasqua T, Rocca C, Giglio A, Angelone T. Cardiometabolism as an Interlocking Puzzle between the Healthy and Diseased Heart: New Frontiers in Therapeutic Applications. J Clin Med 2021; 10:721. [PMID: 33673114 PMCID: PMC7918460 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac metabolism represents a crucial and essential connecting bridge between the healthy and diseased heart. The cardiac muscle, which may be considered an omnivore organ with regard to the energy substrate utilization, under physiological conditions mainly draws energy by fatty acids oxidation. Within cardiomyocytes and their mitochondria, through well-concerted enzymatic reactions, substrates converge on the production of ATP, the basic chemical energy that cardiac muscle converts into mechanical energy, i.e., contraction. When a perturbation of homeostasis occurs, such as an ischemic event, the heart is forced to switch its fatty acid-based metabolism to the carbohydrate utilization as a protective mechanism that allows the maintenance of its key role within the whole organism. Consequently, the flexibility of the cardiac metabolic networks deeply influences the ability of the heart to respond, by adapting to pathophysiological changes. The aim of the present review is to summarize the main metabolic changes detectable in the heart under acute and chronic cardiac pathologies, analyzing possible therapeutic targets to be used. On this basis, cardiometabolism can be described as a crucial mechanism in keeping the physiological structure and function of the heart; furthermore, it can be considered a promising goal for future pharmacological agents able to appropriately modulate the rate-limiting steps of heart metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Pasqua
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Anita Giglio
- Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy;
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, E. and E.S. (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (I.N.R.C.), 40126 Bologna, Italy
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41
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Liu M, Li N, Qu C, Gao Y, Wu L, Hu LG. Amylin deposition activates HIF1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) signaling in failing hearts of non-human primates. Commun Biol 2021; 4:188. [PMID: 33580152 PMCID: PMC7881154 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01676-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperamylinemia induces amylin aggregation and toxicity in the pancreas and contributes to the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D). Cardiac amylin deposition in patients with obesity and T2D was found to accelerate heart dysfunction. Non-human primates (NHPs) have similar genetic, metabolic, and cardiovascular processes as humans. However, the underlying mechanisms of cardiac amylin in NHPs, particularly related to the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) signaling pathways, are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that in NHPs, amylin deposition in heart failure (HF) contributes to cardiac dysfunction via activation of HIF1α and PFKFB3 signaling. This was confirmed in two in vitro cardiomyocyte models. Furthermore, alterations of intracellular Ca2+, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial function, and lactate levels were observed in amylin-treated cells. Our study demonstrates a pathological role for amylin in the activation of HIF1α and PFKFB3 signaling in NHPs with HF, establishing amylin as a promising target for heart disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Qu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Gao
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Liangbiao George Hu
- Department of Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen R&D (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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42
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Lau E, Han Y, Williams DR, Thomas CT, Shrestha R, Wu JC, Lam MPY. Splice-Junction-Based Mapping of Alternative Isoforms in the Human Proteome. Cell Rep 2020; 29:3751-3765.e5. [PMID: 31825849 PMCID: PMC6961840 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein-level translational status and function of many alternative splicing events remain poorly understood. We use an RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-guided proteomics method to identify protein alternative splicing isoforms in the human proteome by constructing tissue-specific protein databases that prioritize transcript splice junction pairs with high translational potential. Using the custom databases to reanalyze ~80 million mass spectra in public proteomics datasets, we identify more than 1,500 noncanonical protein isoforms across 12 human tissues, including ~400 sequences undocumented on TrEMBL and RefSeq databases. We apply the method to original quantitative mass spectrometry experiments and observe widespread isoform regulation during human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocyte differentiation. On a proteome scale, alternative isoform regions overlap frequently with disordered sequences and post-translational modification sites, suggesting that alternative splicing may regulate protein function through modulating intrinsically disordered regions. The described approach may help elucidate functional consequences of alternative splicing and expand the scope of proteomics investigations in various systems. The translation and function of many alternative splicing events await confirmation at the protein level. Lau et al. use an integrated proteotranscriptomics approach to identify non-canonical and undocumented isoforms from 12 organs in the human proteome. Alternative isoforms interfere with functional sequence features and are differentially regulated during iPSC cardiomyocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Lau
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yu Han
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Departments of Medicine-Cardiology and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Damon R Williams
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Cody T Thomas
- Departments of Medicine-Cardiology and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajani Shrestha
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Maggie P Y Lam
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Departments of Medicine-Cardiology and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Miao S, Zhao D, Wang X, Ni X, Fang X, Yu M, Ye L, Yang J, Wu H, Han X, Qu L, Li L, Lan F, Shen Z, Lei W, Zhao ZA, Hu S. Retinoic acid promotes metabolic maturation of human Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes. Theranostics 2020; 10:9686-9701. [PMID: 32863954 PMCID: PMC7449904 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) represent a promising cell source for heart repair, disease modeling and drug testing. However, improving the differentiation efficiency and maturation of hESC-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) is still a major concern. Retinoic acid (RA) signaling plays multiple roles in heart development. However, the effects of RA on cardiomyocyte differentiation efficiency and maturation are still unknown. Methods: RA was added at different time intervals to identify the best treatment windows for cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation. The efficiency of cardiomyocyte differentiation was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry. Cardiomyocytes maturation was detected by immunofluorescence staining, metabolic assays and patch clamp to verify structural, metabolic and electrophysiological maturation, respectively. RNA sequencing was used for splicing analysis. Results: We found that RA treatment at the lateral mesoderm stage (days 2-4) significantly improved cardiomyocyte differentiation, as evidenced by the upregulation of TNNT2, NKX2.5 and MYH6 on day 10 of differentiation. In addition, flow cytometry showed that the proportion of differentiated cardiomyocytes in the RA-treated group was significantly higher than that in control group. RA treatment on days 15-20 increased cardiomyocyte area, sarcomere length, multinucleation and mitochondrial copy number. RNA sequencing revealed RA promoted RNA isoform switch to the maturation-related form. Meanwhile, RA promoted electrophysiological maturation and calcium handling of hESC-CMs. Importantly, RA-treated cardiomyocytes showed decreased glycolysis and enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, with the increased utilization of fatty acid and exogenous pyruvate but not glutamine. Conclusion: Our data indicated that RA treatment at an early time window (days 2-4) promotes the efficiency of cardiomyocyte differentiation and that RA treatment post beating (days 15-20) promotes cardiomyocyte maturation. The biphasic effects of RA provide new insights for improving cardiomyocyte differentiation and quality.
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Müller OJ, Heckmann MB, Ding L, Rapti K, Rangrez AY, Gerken T, Christiansen N, Rennefahrt UEE, Witt H, González Maldonado S, Ternes P, Schwab DM, Ruf T, Hille S, Remes A, Jungmann A, Weis TM, Kreußer JS, Gröne HJ, Backs J, Schatz P, Katus HA, Frey N. Comprehensive plasma and tissue profiling reveals systemic metabolic alterations in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1296-1305. [PMID: 30418544 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure is characterized by structural and metabolic cardiac remodelling. The aim of the present study is to expand our understanding of the complex metabolic alterations in the transition from pathological hypertrophy to heart failure and exploit the results from a translational perspective. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham surgery and sacrificed 2 weeks, 4 weeks, or 6 weeks after the procedure. Samples from plasma, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart were collected and analysed using metabolomics. Cardiac samples were also analysed by transcriptional profiling. Progressive alterations of key cardiac metabolic pathways and gene expression patterns indicated impaired mitochondrial function and a metabolic switch during transition to heart failure. Similar to the heart, liver, and skeletal muscle revealed significant metabolic alterations such as depletion of essential fatty acids and glycerolipids in late stages of heart failure. Circulating metabolites, particularly fatty acids, reflected cardiac metabolic defects, and deteriorating heart function. For example, inverse correlation was found between plasma and the heart levels of triacylglycerol (C18:1, C18:2, C18:3), and sphingomyelin (d18:1, C23:0) already at an early stage of heart failure. Interestingly, combining metabolic and transcriptional data from cardiac tissue revealed that decreased carnitine shuttling and transportation preceded mitochondrial dysfunction. We, thus, studied the therapeutic potential of OCTN2 (Organic Cation/Carnitine Transporter 2), an important factor for carnitine transportation. Cardiac overexpression of OCTN2 using an adeno-associated viral vector significantly improved ejection fraction and reduced interstitial fibrosis in mice subjected to TAC. CONCLUSION Comprehensive plasma and tissue profiling reveals systemic metabolic alterations in heart failure, which can be used for identification of novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Müller
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus B Heckmann
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lin Ding
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kleopatra Rapti
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ashraf Y Rangrez
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Gerken
- Metanomics Health GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Henning Witt
- Metanomics GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Dominic M Schwab
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Theresa Ruf
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Susanne Hille
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anca Remes
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tanja M Weis
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia S Kreußer
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hugo A Katus
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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Zhang Q, Guo D, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang Q, Wu Y, Li C, Wang W, Wang Y. Danqi Pill Protects Against Heart Failure Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction via HIF-1α/PGC-1α Mediated Glucose Metabolism Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:458. [PMID: 32372956 PMCID: PMC7187888 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Heart failure (HF) post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) leads to a large number of hospitalizations and deaths worldwide. Danqi pill (DQP) is included in the 2015 national pharmacopoeia and widely applied in the treatment of HF in clinics in China. We examined whether DQP acted on glucose metabolism to protect against HF post-AMI via hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α co-activator (PGC-1α) pathway. Methods and Results In this study, left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation induced HF post-AMI rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced H9C2 cell model were structured to explore the efficacy and mechanism of DQP. Here we showed that DQP protected the heart against ischemic damage as evidenced by improved cardiac functions and attenuated inflammatory infiltration. The expressions of critical proteins involved in glucose intake and transportation such as GLUT4 and PKM2 were up-regulated, while negative regulatory proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation were attenuated in the treatment of DQP. Moreover, DQP up-regulated NRF1 and TFAM, promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and increased myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level. The protection effects of DQP were significantly compromised by HIF-1α siRNA, suggesting that HIF-1α signaling pathway was the potential target of DQP on HF post-AMI. Conclusions DQP exhibits the efficacy to improve myocardial glucose metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and biogenesis by regulating HIF-1α/PGC-1α signaling pathway in HF post-AMI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- The School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- The School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- The School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,The School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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46
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Magadum A, Singh N, Kurian AA, Munir I, Mehmood T, Brown K, Sharkar MTK, Chepurko E, Sassi Y, Oh JG, Lee P, Santos CXC, Gaziel-Sovran A, Zhang G, Cai CL, Kho C, Mayr M, Shah AM, Hajjar RJ, Zangi L. Pkm2 Regulates Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle and Promotes Cardiac Regeneration. Circulation 2020; 141:1249-1265. [PMID: 32078387 PMCID: PMC7241614 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capacity, mostly attributable to postnatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest. In the last 2 decades, numerous studies have explored cardiomyocyte cell cycle regulatory mechanisms to enhance myocardial regeneration after myocardial infarction. Pkm2 (Pyruvate kinase muscle isoenzyme 2) is an isoenzyme of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase. The role of Pkm2 in cardiomyocyte proliferation, heart development, and cardiac regeneration is unknown. METHODS We investigated the effect of Pkm2 in cardiomyocytes through models of loss (cardiomyocyte-specific Pkm2 deletion during cardiac development) or gain using cardiomyocyte-specific Pkm2 modified mRNA to evaluate Pkm2 function and regenerative affects after acute or chronic myocardial infarction in mice. RESULTS Here, we identify Pkm2 as an important regulator of the cardiomyocyte cell cycle. We show that Pkm2 is expressed in cardiomyocytes during development and immediately after birth but not during adulthood. Loss of function studies show that cardiomyocyte-specific Pkm2 deletion during cardiac development resulted in significantly reduced cardiomyocyte cell cycle, cardiomyocyte numbers, and myocardial size. In addition, using cardiomyocyte-specific Pkm2 modified RNA, our novel cardiomyocyte-targeted strategy, after acute or chronic myocardial infarction, resulted in increased cardiomyocyte cell division, enhanced cardiac function, and improved long-term survival. We mechanistically show that Pkm2 regulates the cardiomyocyte cell cycle and reduces oxidative stress damage through anabolic pathways and β-catenin. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that Pkm2 is an important intrinsic regulator of the cardiomyocyte cell cycle and oxidative stress, and highlight its therapeutic potential using cardiomyocyte-specific Pkm2 modified RNA as a gene delivery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Magadum
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Neha Singh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ann Anu Kurian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Irsa Munir
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Talha Mehmood
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kemar Brown
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mohammad Tofael Kabir Sharkar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena Chepurko
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yassine Sassi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jae Gyun Oh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Philyoung Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Celio XC Santos
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Avital Gaziel-Sovran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chen-Leng Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Changwon Kho
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Manuel Mayr
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ajay M. Shah
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Roger J. Hajjar
- Phospholamban Foundation, Amsterdam,1775 ZH Middenmeer, Netherlands
| | - Lior Zangi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Abstract
Metabolic pathways integrate to support tissue homeostasis and to prompt changes in cell phenotype. In particular, the heart consumes relatively large amounts of substrate not only to regenerate ATP for contraction but also to sustain biosynthetic reactions for replacement of cellular building blocks. Metabolic pathways also control intracellular redox state, and metabolic intermediates and end products provide signals that prompt changes in enzymatic activity and gene expression. Mounting evidence suggests that the changes in cardiac metabolism that occur during development, exercise, and pregnancy as well as with pathological stress (eg, myocardial infarction, pressure overload) are causative in cardiac remodeling. Metabolism-mediated changes in gene expression, metabolite signaling, and the channeling of glucose-derived carbon toward anabolic pathways seem critical for physiological growth of the heart, and metabolic inefficiency and loss of coordinated anabolic activity are emerging as proximal causes of pathological remodeling. This review integrates knowledge of different forms of cardiac remodeling to develop general models of how relationships between catabolic and anabolic glucose metabolism may fortify cardiac health or promote (mal)adaptive myocardial remodeling. Adoption of conceptual frameworks based in relational biology may enable further understanding of how metabolism regulates cardiac structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Gibb
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (A.A.G.)
| | - Bradford G Hill
- the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY (B.G.H.).
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Qian Y, Bi L, Yang Y, Wang D. Effect of pyruvate kinase M2-regulating aerobic glycolysis on chemotherapy resistance of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2018; 29:616-27. [PMID: 29782350 DOI: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) on chemotherapy resistance of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (ER BC) by regulating aerobic glycolysis. The expression of PKM2 in ER BC MCF-7 cells, T47D cells and MCF-7/ADR cells (which are subject to adriamycin/ADR induction) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. MCF-7/ADR (M/A) cells were grouped into blank group (M/A), negative group (M/A+NC), low expression of PKM2 group (M/A+si-PKM2 group), overexpression of PKM2 group (M/A+PKM2 group) and glycolysis inhibition group (M/A+PKM2+2-DG group). Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were applied to measure the expressions of PKM2, multidrug resistance, and glutathione-S-transferase π. Glucose and lactic acid kit was used to detect the amount of glucose uptake and lactic production. Cell variability, clone formation ability, and cell apoptosis were respectively measured by MTT, clone formation assay, and flow cytometry. Transwell assay and scratch assay were applied for cell invasion and migration ability. By overexpressing PKM2 in MCF-7 and T47D cells and using 2-DG, the effect on sensitivity of adriamycin amycin was explored. MCF-7/ADR cells have both elevated mRNA and protein expressions of PKM2 when compared with MCF-7 cells (both P<0.05). The cell activity of the M/A+si-PKM2+ADR group was notably lower than that in the M/A+ADR group and M/A+NC+ADR group (both P<0.05). In the M/A+si-PKM2 group, expressions of PKM2, multidrug resistance, and glutathione-S-transferase π, along with the amount of glucose uptake and lactic production, as well as cell variability, clone formation ability, and cell invasion and migration ability were inhibited, whereas cell apoptosis was increased in comparison with the M/A group and M/A+NC group (all P<0.05). On comparing with both the M/A group and the M/A+NC group, the M/A+si-PKM2 group displayed contrary tendency with the M/A+PKM2 group. The M/A+PKM2+2-DG group had elevated PKM2 expression compared with the M/A group and the M/A+NC group (all P<0.05). In MCF-7 and T47D cells with overexpression of PKM2, the sensitivity to adriamycin amycin, and cell apoptosis were suppressed, whereas the clone formation, invasion, and migration ability were enhanced. After 2-DG, the sensitivity on MCF-7 and T47D cells was enhanced while clone formation, invasion, migration and cell apoptosis rate were decreased (all P<0.05). PKM2 enhances chemotherapy resistance on ER BC by promoting aerobic glycolysis.
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49
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Haywood T, Beinat C, Gowrishankar G, Patel CB, Alam IS, Murty S, Gambhir SS. Positron emission tomography reporter gene strategy for use in the central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:11402-7. [PMID: 31123153 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901645116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing need for monitoring or imaging gene therapy in the central nervous system (CNS). This can be achieved with a positron emission tomography (PET) reporter gene strategy. Here we report the development of a PET reporter gene system using the PKM2 gene with its associated radiotracer [18F]DASA-23. The PKM2 reporter gene was delivered to the brains of mice by adeno-associated virus (AAV9) via stereotactic injection. Serial PET imaging was carried out over 8 wk to assess PKM2 expression. After 8 wk, the brains were excised for further mRNA and protein analysis. PET imaging at 8 wk post-AAV delivery showed an increase in [18F]DASA-23 brain uptake in the transduced site of mice injected with the AAV mice over all controls. We believe PKM2 shows great promise as a PET reporter gene and to date is the only example that can be used in all areas of the CNS without breaking the blood-brain barrier, to monitor gene and cell therapy.
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50
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Hatami S, White CW, Shan S, Haromy A, Qi X, Ondrus M, Kinnear A, Himmat S, Michelakis E, Nagendran J, Freed DH. Myocardial Functional Decline During Prolonged Ex Situ Heart Perfusion. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:499-507. [PMID: 30872100 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial function declines in a time-dependent fashion during ex situ heart perfusion. Cell death and metabolic alterations may contribute to this phenomenon, limiting the safe perfusion period and the potential of ex situ heart perfusion to expand the donor pool. Our aim was to investigate the etiology of myocardial functional decline in ex situ perfused hearts. METHODS Cardiac function, apoptosis, effectors and markers of cell death, and metabolic function were assessed in healthy pig hearts perfused for 12 hours. These hearts were perfused in nonworking mode or working mode. RESULTS Cardiac function declined during ex situ heart perfusion regardless of perfusion mode but was significantly better preserved in the hearts perfused in working mode (11-hour cardiac index/1-hour cardiac index: working mode, 33%; nonworking mode, 10%; p = 0.025). The rate of apoptosis was higher in the ex situ perfused hearts compared with in vivo samples (apoptotic cells: in vivo, 0.13%; working mode, 0.54%; nonworking mode, 0.88%; p < 0.001), but the absolute values were low and out of proportion to the decline in function in either group. Myocardial dysfunction at the end of the perfusion interval was partially rescued by delivery of a pyruvate bolus. CONCLUSIONS A significant decline in myocardial function occurs over time in hearts preserved ex situ that is out of proportion to the magnitude of myocyte cell death present in dysfunctional hearts. Alterations in myocardial substrate utilization during prolonged ex situ heart perfusion may contribute to this phenomenon and represent an avenue to improve donor heart preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Hatami
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Canadian Transplant Research Program, Canada
| | - Christopher W White
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Canadian Transplant Research Program, Canada
| | - Shubham Shan
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alois Haromy
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiao Qi
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Canadian Transplant Research Program, Canada
| | - Martin Ondrus
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexandra Kinnear
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sayed Himmat
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Canadian Transplant Research Program, Canada
| | | | - Jayan Nagendran
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Canadian Transplant Research Program, Canada; Alberta Transplant Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Canadian Transplant Research Program, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Transplant Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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