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Jackson KD, Achour B, Lee J, Geffert RM, Beers JL, Latham BD. Novel Approaches to Characterize Individual Drug Metabolism and Advance Precision Medicine. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1238-1253. [PMID: 37419681 PMCID: PMC10506699 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interindividual variability in drug metabolism can significantly affect drug concentrations in the body and subsequent drug response. Understanding an individual's drug metabolism capacity is important for predicting drug exposure and developing precision medicine strategies. The goal of precision medicine is to individualize drug treatment for patients to maximize efficacy and minimize drug toxicity. While advances in pharmacogenomics have improved our understanding of how genetic variations in drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) affect drug response, nongenetic factors are also known to influence drug metabolism phenotypes. This minireview discusses approaches beyond pharmacogenetic testing to phenotype DMEs-particularly the cytochrome P450 enzymes-in clinical settings. Several phenotyping approaches have been proposed: traditional approaches include phenotyping with exogenous probe substrates and the use of endogenous biomarkers; newer approaches include evaluating circulating noncoding RNAs and liquid biopsy-derived markers relevant to DME expression and function. The goals of this minireview are to 1) provide a high-level overview of traditional and novel approaches to phenotype individual drug metabolism capacity, 2) describe how these approaches are being applied or can be applied to pharmacokinetic studies, and 3) discuss perspectives on future opportunities to advance precision medicine in diverse populations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This minireview provides an overview of recent advances in approaches to characterize individual drug metabolism phenotypes in clinical settings. It highlights the integration of existing pharmacokinetic biomarkers with novel approaches; also discussed are current challenges and existing knowledge gaps. The article concludes with perspectives on the future deployment of a liquid biopsy-informed physiologically based pharmacokinetic strategy for patient characterization and precision dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klarissa D Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Brahim Achour
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Jonghwa Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Raeanne M Geffert
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Jessica L Beers
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Bethany D Latham
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
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Wei F, Meng D. Study on the role of histone epigenetic modification in replication of hepatitis B virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 669:1-9. [PMID: 37247516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem and lacks effective therapies in clinic. This study attempted to investigate the role of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in HBV replication. Cells were treated with 1.3 folds of HBV genome. The expression patterns of HDAC3, miR-29a-3p, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) in cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. HBV replication was assessed by measurements of HBV DNA, HBV RNA, hepatitis B surface antigen, and hepatitis B E antigen. After chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays to testify gene interactions, rescue experiments and animal experiments were performed to assess the role of miR-29a-3p/NFAT5 in HBV replication and the role of HDAC3 in vivo. HDAC3 level was decreased by pHBV1.3 plasmid in a concentration-dependent manner. HDAC3 overexpression can inhibit HBV replication, which was neutralized by miR-29a-3p overexpression or NFAT5 downregulation. Mechanically, HDAC3 overexpression reduced the enrichment of histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation on the miR-29a-3p promoter to inhibit miR-29a-3p expression and then promote NFAT5 transcription. In vivo, HDAC3 restrained HBV replication through the miR-29a-3p/NFAT5 axis. Overall, HDAC3 downregulation was associated with HBV replication and HDAC3 overexpression inhibited HBV replication through H3K9ac/miR-29a-3p/NFAT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Wei
- Department of infectious diseases, Jincheng people's hospital, Jincheng Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, 048000, China.
| | - Die Meng
- Department of infectious diseases, Jincheng people's hospital, Jincheng Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, 048000, China
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Zhang A, Liu W, Niu L, Zhu L, Yang L, Li X. Correlation analysis and prognostic value of miR-29a-3p expression and CYP2C19 genotypes in exfoliated cells from tongue coating of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:673-680. [PMID: 36662390 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent and troublesome disease. Several differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found in GERD. OBJECTIVE This study was to analyze the correlation of miR-29a-3p expression and CYP2C19 genotypes in exfoliated cells from tongue coating of GERD patients and its prognostic value. METHODS Tongue coating specimens were collected from 130 GERD patients and 70 healthy volunteers and their clinical baseline information was recorded. miR-29a-3p expression in exfoliated cells from tongue coating was determined via RT-qPCR, and its diagnostic efficiency on GERD was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curve. CYP2C19 genotypes and their correlation with miR-29a-3p were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. The adverse events of patients were documented via 12-month follow-up. The impact of miR-29a-3p expression on the healing rate of patients was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier method. Qualification of miR-29a-3p as an independent prognostic factor of GERD patients was analyzed via multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS miR-29a-3p was highly-expressed in exfoliated cells from tongue coating of GERD patients. miR-29a-3p expression had high specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing GERD. CYP2C19 genotypes in GERD patients comprised rapid metabolizers, intermedia metabolizers, and poor metabolizers. miR-29a-3p expression showed a correlation with CYP2C19 genotypes. Higher miR-29a-3p expression predicted higher cumulative incidences of adverse outcomes. Highly-expressed miR-29a-3p was an independent prognostic factor for adverse outcomes of GERD patients. CONCLUSION High expression of miR-29a-3p aided the diagnosis and predicted poor prognosis of GERD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lingyun Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Tu MJ, Yu AM. Recent Advances in Novel Recombinant RNAs for Studying Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation in Drug Metabolism and Disposition. Curr Drug Metab 2023; 24:175-189. [PMID: 37170982 PMCID: PMC10825985 DOI: 10.2174/1389200224666230425232433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters are major determinants of the absorption, disposition, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs, and changes in ADME gene expression or function may alter the pharmacokinetics/ pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) and further influence drug safety and therapeutic outcomes. ADME gene functions are controlled by diverse factors, such as genetic polymorphism, transcriptional regulation, and coadministered medications. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a superfamily of regulatory small noncoding RNAs that are transcribed from the genome to regulate target gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The roles of miRNAs in controlling ADME gene expression have been demonstrated, and such miRNAs may consequently influence cellular drug metabolism and disposition capacity. Several types of miRNA mimics and small interfering RNA (siRNA) reagents have been developed and widely used for ADME research. In this review article, we first provide a brief introduction to the mechanistic actions of miRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and transcription factors. After summarizing conventional small RNA production methods, we highlight the latest advances in novel recombinant RNA technologies and applications of the resultant bioengineered RNA (BioRNA) agents to ADME studies. BioRNAs produced in living cells are not only powerful tools for general biological and biomedical research but also potential therapeutic agents amenable to clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Zubiaur P, Gaedigk A. CYP2C18: the orphan in the CYP2C family. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:913-916. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2022-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Zubiaur
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy Research Institute (CMRI), Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Andrea Gaedigk
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s Mercy Research Institute (CMRI), Kansas City, MO, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Hatmal MM, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Olaimat AN, Alshaer W, Hasan H, Albakri KA, Alkhafaji E, Issa NN, Al-Holy MA, Abderrahman SM, Abdallah AM, Mohamud R. Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061219. [PMID: 35740242 PMCID: PMC9219990 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infants who are exclusively breastfed in the first six months of age receive adequate nutrients, achieving optimal immune protection and growth. In addition to the known nutritional components of human breast milk (HBM), i.e., water, carbohydrates, fats and proteins, it is also a rich source of microRNAs, which impact epigenetic mechanisms. This comprehensive work presents an up-to-date overview of the immunomodulatory constituents of HBM, highlighting its content of circulating microRNAs. The epigenetic effects of HBM are discussed, especially those regulated by miRNAs. HBM contains more than 1400 microRNAs. The majority of these microRNAs originate from the lactating gland and are based on the remodeling of cells in the gland during breastfeeding. These miRNAs can affect epigenetic patterns by several mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA regulation, which could ultimately result in alterations in gene expressions. Therefore, the unique microRNA profile of HBM, including exosomal microRNAs, is implicated in the regulation of the genes responsible for a variety of immunological and physiological functions, such as FTO, INS, IGF1, NRF2, GLUT1 and FOXP3 genes. Hence, studying the HBM miRNA composition is important for improving the nutritional approaches for pregnancy and infant's early life and preventing diseases that could occur in the future. Interestingly, the composition of miRNAs in HBM is affected by multiple factors, including diet, environmental and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Amin N. Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (A.N.O.); (M.A.A.-H.)
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center (CTC), The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Hanan Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Khaled A. Albakri
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Enas Alkhafaji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Nada N. Issa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Murad A. Al-Holy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (A.N.O.); (M.A.A.-H.)
| | - Salim M. Abderrahman
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Atiyeh M. Abdallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (R.M.)
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Li X, Zhang H, Xu L, Jin Y, Luo J, Li C, Zhao K, Zheng Y, Yu D, Zhao Y. miR-15a-3p Protects Against Isoniazid-Induced Liver Injury via Suppressing N-Acetyltransferase 2 Expression. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:752072. [PMID: 34888351 PMCID: PMC8651391 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.752072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH), an effective first-line drug for tuberculosis treatment, has been reported to be associated with hepatotoxicity for decades, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is a Phase II enzyme that specifically catalyzes the acetylation of INH, and NAT2 expression/activity play pivotal roles in INH metabolism, drug efficacy, and toxicity. In this study, we systematically investigated the regulatory roles of microRNA (miRNA) in NAT2 expression and INH-induced liver injury via a series of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analyses. Four mature miRNAs, including hsa-miR-15a-3p, hsa-miR-628-5p, hsa-miR-1262, and hsa-miR-3132, were predicted to target the NAT2 transcript, and a negative correlation was observed between hsa-miR-15a-3p and NAT2 transcripts in liver samples. Further experiments serially revealed that hsa-miR-15a-3p was able to interact with the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of NAT2 directly, suppressed the endogenous NAT2 expression, and then inhibited INH-induced NAT2 overexpression as well as INH-induced liver injury, both in liver cells and mouse model. In summary, our results identified hsa-miR-15a-3p as a novel epigenetic factor modulating NAT2 expression and as a protective module against INH-induced liver injury, and provided new clues to elucidate the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms concerning drug-induced liver injury (DILI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanhai Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kunming Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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8
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Rodrigues AD. Drug Interactions Involving 17α-Ethinylestradiol: Considerations Beyond Cytochrome P450 3A Induction and Inhibition. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2021; 111:1212-1221. [PMID: 34342002 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that drug-drug interactions (DDIs) involving estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol (EE))-containing oral contraceptives (OCs) are important. Consequently, sponsors of new molecular entities (NMEs) often conduct clinical studies with priority given to OCs as victims of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A (CYP3A) induction and inhibition. Such scenarios are reflected in the US Food and Drug Administration-issued guidance documentation related to OC DDI studies. Although CYP3A is important, OCs such as EE are metabolized by sulfotransferase 1E1 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1, expressed in the gut and liver, and so both can also serve as loci of victim OC DDI. Therefore, for any NME, one should carefully consider its induction and inhibition profile involving CYP3A4/5, UGT1A1, and SULT1E1. As DDI perpetrators, available clinical DDI data indicate that EE-containing OCs can induce (e.g., UGT1A4 and CYP2A6) and inhibit (CYP1A2 ≥ CYP2C19 > CYP3A4/5 > CYP2C8, CYP2B6, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9) various CYP forms. Although available in vitro CYP inhibition data do not explain such a graded inhibitory effect in vivo, it is hypothesized that EE differentially modulates CYP expression via potent agonism of the estrogen receptor expressed in the gut and liver. From the standpoint of the NME as potential OC DDI victim, therefore, it is important to assess its projected (pre-phase I) or known therapeutic index and pharmacokinetic profile (fraction absorbed, absolute oral bioavailability, clearance/extraction class, fraction metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2A6, and UGT1A4). Such information can enable the prioritization, design, and interpretation of NME-OC DDI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A David Rodrigues
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
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9
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Guo Y, Li J, Kang Y, Jiang L. miR-23a-3p is involved in drug resistance by directly targeting the influx drug transporter organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:2545-55. [PMID: 33779805 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-021-05146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Drug transporters are involved in the drug resistance of individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy by influencing the intracerebral transport of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The expression of drug transporters is associated with microRNAs. We previously revealed that miR-23a-3p levels were elevated in the blood of patients with intractable epilepsy. Additionally, the influx drug transporter organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2 (Oatp2) is involved in the intracerebral transport of valproic acid (VPA), the most commonly used AED; repeated seizures lead to decreased expression of Oatp2. However, the role of miR-23a-3p in the expression of Oatp2 and in the development of drug resistance has not been established. Herein, we aimed to determine the potential role of miR-23a-3p in VPA-resistant epilepsy through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS Epilepsy was elicited after status epilepticus (SE) was induced by lithium-pilocarpine in adult Sprague-Dawley rats, followed by VPA treatment to select rats with VPA resistance. The expression of miR-23a-3p was detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A miR-23a-3p inhibitor was intracerebrally injected into VPA-resistant rats, and histological staining and Morris water maze tests were performed to evaluate brain damage and learning/memory functions in these rats. Subsequently, a dual-luciferase reporter assay and a VPA uptake assay were performed in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) to investigate the underlying mechanism of action of miR-23a-3p. RESULTS Our results indicated that compared to that in control rats, miR-23a-3p was elevated in VPA-resistant rats. Intracerebral injection of a miR-23a-3p inhibitor reduced brain damage and the associated deficits in learning and memory functions in rats with VPA resistance. Further investigation indicated that Oatp2 was the direct target of miR-23a-3p, and it was negatively regulated by miR-23a-3p in the brain and BMECs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-23a-3p reduced VPA uptake in BMECs by regulating Oatp2 expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-23a-3p is involved in VPA resistance in epilepsy by directly targeting the influx drug transporter Oatp2, indicating that miR-23a-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for intractable epilepsy.
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Luo J, Xie M, Hou Y, Ma W, Jin Y, Chen J, Li C, Zhao K, Chen N, Xu L, Ji Y, Zhang Q, Zheng Y, Yu D. A novel epigenetic mechanism unravels hsa-miR-148a-3p-mediated CYP2B6 downregulation in alcoholic hepatitis disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114582. [PMID: 33895159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play critical roles in drug transformation, and the total CYPs are markedly decreased in alcoholic hepatitis (AH), a fatal alcoholic liver disease. miRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate many essential biological processes. Knowledge concerning miRNA regulation of CYPs in AH disease is limited. Here we presented the changes of key CYPs in liver samples of AH patients retrieved from GEO database, performed in silico prediction of miRNAs potentially targeting the dysregulated CYP transcripts, and deciphered a novel mechanism underlying miRNA mediated CYPs expression in liver cells. Nine miRNAs were predicted to regulate CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2J2, and CYP3A4, among which hsa-miR-148a-3p was selected as a case study. Biochemical and molecular evidences demonstrated that miR-148a promoted CYP2B6 expression by increasing mRNA stability via directly binding to the 3'UTR sequence, and that this positive posttranscriptional regulation was AGO1/2-dependent. Further, luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA secondary structure analysis illustrated that the seedless target site, not the seed target site, controlled miR-148a-mediated CYP2B6 upregulation. Moreover, we identified HNF4A as a liver-specific transcription factor of MIR-148A through EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. In conclusion, ethanol downregulated miR-148a in hepatocytes through HNF4A regulation, which eventually decreased CYP2B6 expression. Our finding will benefit the understanding of dysregulated drug metabolism in AH patients and highlight an unconventional mechanism for epigenetic regulation of CYP gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Luo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyue Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yufei Hou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanli Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanhai Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kunming Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ningning Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Gu XQ, Tang D, Wan P, Qin T, Yang TH, Wu J, Ji H, Liu JC, Xue F, Tang YJ, Xia Q. Multiple microRNAs regulate tacrolimus metabolism through CYP3A5. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105382. [PMID: 33348024 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The CYP3A5 gene polymorphism accounts for the majority of inter-individual variability in tacrolimus pharmacokinetics. We found that the basal expression of CYP3A5 in donor grafts also played a significant role in tacrolimus metabolism under the same genetic conditions after pediatric liver transplantation. Thus, we hypothesized that some potential epigenetic factors could affect CYP3A5 expression and contributed to the variability. We used a high-throughput functional screening for miRNAs to identify miRNAs that had the most abundant expression in normal human liver and could regulate tacrolimus metabolism in HepaRG cells and HepLPCs. Four of these miRNAs (miR-29a-3p, miR-99a-5p, miR-532-5p, and miR-26-5p) were selected for testing. We found that these miRNAs inhibited tacrolimus metabolism that was dependent on CYP3A5. Putative miRNAs targeting key drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs) were selected using an in silico prediction algorithm. Luciferase reporter assays and functional studies showed that miR-26b-5p inhibited tacrolimus metabolism by directly regulating CYP3A5, while miR-29a-5p, miR-99a-5p, and miR-532-5p targeted HNF4α, NR1I3, and NR1I2, respectively, in turn regulating the downstream expression of CYP3A5; the corresponding target gene siRNAs markedly abolished the effects caused by miRNA inhibitors. Also, the expression of miR-29a-3p, miR-99a-5p, miR-532-5p, and miR-26b-5p in donor grafts were negatively correlated with tacrolimus C/D following pediatric liver transplantation. Taken together, our findings identify these miRNAs as novel regulators of tacrolimus metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qian Gu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, EA 11, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tai-Hua Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jin-Chuan Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yuan-Jia Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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12
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Smutny T, Hyrsova L, Braeuning A, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Pavek P. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the pregnane X receptor: a rationale for interindividual variability in drug metabolism. Arch Toxicol 2020; 95:11-25. [PMID: 33164107 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02916-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR, encoded by the NR1I2 gene) is a ligand-regulated transcription factor originally described as a master regulator of xenobiotic detoxification. Later, however, PXR was also shown to interact with endogenous metabolism and to be further associated with various pathological states. This review focuses predominantly on such aspects, currently less covered in literature, as the control of PXR expression per se in the context of inter-individual differences in drug metabolism. There is growing evidence that non-coding RNAs post-transcriptionally regulate PXR. Effects on PXR have especially been reported for microRNAs (miRNAs), which include miR-148a, miR-18a-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-30c-1-3p and miR-877-5p. Likewise, miRNAs control the expression of both transcription factors involved in PXR expression and regulators of PXR function. The impact of NR1I2 genetic polymorphisms on miRNA-mediated PXR regulation is also discussed. As revealed recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear to interfere with PXR expression. Reciprocally, PXR activation regulates non-coding RNA expression, thus comprising another level of PXR action in addition to the direct transactivation of protein-coding genes. PXR expression is further controlled by several transcription factors (cross-regulation) giving rise to different PXR transcript variants. Controversies remain regarding the suggested role of feedback regulation (auto-regulation) of PXR expression. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the miRNA-mediated, lncRNA-mediated and transcriptional regulation of PXR expression, and we propose that deciphering the precise mechanisms of PXR expression may bridge our knowledge gap in inter-individual differences in drug metabolism and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Smutny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Hyrsova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacogenetics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna vägen 9, 17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Yu D, Chen S, Li D, Knox B, Guo L, Ning B. FREMSA: A Method That Provides Direct Evidence of the Interaction between microRNA and mRNA. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2102:557-566. [PMID: 31989576 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0223-2_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate the expression of enzymes responsible for activation or detoxification of xenobiotics and toxicants. miRNAs are dysregulated in response to environmental exposure and have been implicated in toxicological events. Many in vivo and in vitro experimental approaches have been employed to delineate the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate target genes; however, all these methods provide only indirect evidence for the interaction between miRNAs and their counterpart mRNA molecules. In this chapter, we describe a novel approach-a fluorescent-based RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay (FREMSA) that is a sensitive and time-saving method, with a high specificity, to visualize the interactions among miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins, as direct evidence of mRNA/miRNA complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianke Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Si Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Dongying Li
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Bridgett Knox
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
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14
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Wang X, Zhao Y, Luo J, Xu L, Li X, Jin Y, Li C, Feng M, Wang Y, Chen J, Hou Y, Zhao Q, Zhao J, Ning B, Zheng Y, Yu D. MicroRNA hsa-miR-1301-3p Regulates Human ADH6, ALDH5A1 and ALDH8A1 in the Ethanol-Acetaldehyde-Acetate Metabolic Pathway. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:120-129. [PMID: 32499331 DOI: 10.1124/mol.120.119693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are vital enzymes involved in the metabolism of a variety of alcohols. Differences in the expression and enzymatic activity of human ADHs and ALDHs correlate with individual variability in metabolizing alcohols and drugs and in the susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as epigenetic modulators to regulate the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. To characterize miRNAs that target ADHs and ALDHs in human liver cells, we carried out a systematic bioinformatics analysis to analyze free energies of the interaction between miRNAs and their cognate sequences in ADH and ALDH transcripts and then calculated expression correlations between miRNAs and their targeting ADH and ALDH genes using a public data base. Candidate miRNAs were selected to evaluate bioinformatic predictions using a series of biochemical assays. Our results showed that 11 miRNAs have the potential to modulate the expression of two ADH and seven ALDH genes in the human liver. We found that hsa-miR-1301-3p suppressed the expression of ADH6, ALDH5A1, and ALDH8A1 in liver cells and blocked their induction by ethanol. In summary, our results revealed that hsa-miR-1301-3p plays an important role in ethanol metabolism by regulating ADH and ALDH gene expression. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Systematic bioinformatics analysis showed that 11 microRNAs might play regulatory roles in the expression of two alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and seven aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes in the human liver. Experimental evidences proved that hsa-miR-1301-3p suppressed the expression of ADH6, ALDH5A1, and ALDH8A1 in liver cells and decreased their inducibility by ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubing Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Jiao Luo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Xinmei Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Chuanhai Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Meiyao Feng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Yufei Hou
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Qianwen Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Jinquan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Baitang Ning
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (X.W., Ya.Z., J.L., L.X., X.L., Y.J., C.L., M.F., Y.W., J.C., Y.H., Q.Z., J.Z., Yu.Z., D.Y.) and National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (B.N.)
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15
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Chen S, Wu Q, Li X, Li D, Fan M, Ren Z, Bryant M, Mei N, Ning B, Guo L. The role of hepatic cytochrome P450s in the cytotoxicity of sertraline. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:2401-2411. [PMID: 32372212 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02753-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sertraline, an antidepressant, is commonly used to manage mental health symptoms related to depression, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The use of sertraline has been associated with rare but severe hepatotoxicity. Previous research demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress were involved in sertraline-associated cytotoxicity. In this study, we reported that after a 24-h treatment in HepG2 cells, sertraline caused cytotoxicity, suppressed topoisomerase I and IIα, and damaged DNA in a concentration-dependent manner. We also investigated the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism in sertraline-induced toxicity using our previously established HepG2 cell lines individually expressing 14 CYPs (1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C18, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7). We demonstrated that CYP2D6, 2C19, 2B6, and 2C9 metabolize sertraline, and sertraline-induced cytotoxicity was significantly decreased in the cells expressing these CYPs. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the induction of ɣH2A.X (a hallmark of DNA damage) and topoisomerase inhibition were partially reversed in CYP2D6-, 2C19-, 2B6-, and 2C9-overexpressing HepG2 cells. These data indicate that DNA damage and topoisomerase inhibition are involved in sertraline-induced cytotoxicity and that CYPs-mediated metabolism plays a role in decreasing the toxicity of sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Divisions of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - Qiangen Wu
- Divisions of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Xilin Li
- Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Dongying Li
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, HFT-110, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Michelle Fan
- Life Health and Medical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Zhen Ren
- Divisions of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Matthew Bryant
- Divisions of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Nan Mei
- Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Baitang Ning
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, HFT-110, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Divisions of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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Yu D, Chen J, Chen S, Xu L, Wu L, Li D, Luo J, Jin Y, Zhao Y, Knox B, Tolleson WH, Wang X, Guo L, Tong W, Ning B. Coordinated Regulation of UGT2B15 Expression by Long Noncoding RNA LINC00574 and hsa-miR-129-5p in HepaRG Cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:297-306. [PMID: 32086297 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.090043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in human hepatic cells and that a set of DMEs, including UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B15, is down-regulated dramatically in liver cells by toxic acetaminophen (APAP) concentrations. In this study we analyzed mRNA, microRNA, and lncRNA expression profiles in APAP-treated HepaRG cells to explore noncoding RNA-dependent regulation of DME expression. The expression of UGT2B15 and lncRNA LINC00574 was decreased in APAP-treated HepaRG cells. UGT2B15 levels were diminished by LINC00574 suppression using antisense oligonucleotides or small interfering RNA. Furthermore, we found that hsa-miR-129-5p suppressed LINC00574 and decreased UGT2B15 expression via LINC00574 in HepaRG cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that LINC00574 acts as an important regulator of UGT2B15 expression in human hepatic cells, providing experimental evidence and new clues to understand the role of cross-talk between noncoding RNAs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We showed a molecular network that displays the cross-talk and consequences among mRNA, micro RNA, long noncoding RNA, and proteins in acetaminophen (APAP)-treated HepaRG cells. APAP treatment increased the level of hsa-miR-129-5p and decreased that of LINC00574, ultimately decreasing the production of UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B15. The proposed regulatory network suppresses UGT2B15 expression through interaction of hsa-miR-129-5p and LINC00574, which may be achieved potentially by recruiting RNA binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Si Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Leihong Wu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Dongying Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Jiao Luo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Bridgett Knox
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - William H Tolleson
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Xubing Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Weida Tong
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Baitang Ning
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas
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17
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Sharma AR, Vohra M, Shukla V, Guddattu V, Razak Uk A, Shetty R, Umakanth S, Satyamoorthy K, Rai PS. Coding SNPs in hsa-miR-1343-3p and hsa-miR-6783-3p target sites of CYP2C19 modulates clopidogrel response in individuals with cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2020; 245:117364. [PMID: 32001263 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the impact of microRNA target SNPs (mirSNPs) and their interaction with miRNAs on important drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters and target genes for prediction of clopidogrel drug response in cardiovascular disease individuals. MAIN METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 292 individuals undergoing clopidogrel drug therapy. All the enrolled participants were administered 300 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg dose of maintenance therapy. Platelet aggregations were measured before administration of the loading dose and 2 h post fifth day dose of clopidogrel maintenance therapy. Clopidogrel carboxylic acid metabolite from plasma and urine were analyzed post maintenance therapy using the RP-HPLC method. Genotyping of mirSNP's shortlisted through in silico analysis was performed by tetra ARMS PCR and validated by Sanger DNA sequencing. The levels of selected miRNAs were estimated by the TaqMan-PCR assay. Functional validation of mirSNPs was performed in HepG2 cells after transfecting with the selected gene and miRNA mimics. Protein expressions were analyzed by western blot. KEY FINDINGS 23% of enrolled individuals showed resistance to clopidogrel therapy. Out of 13 mirSNP's analyzed, CYP2C19 rs4244285 was associated with clopidogrel drug resistance and clopidogrel carboxylic acid metabolite in urine and plasma. hsa-miR-1343-3p and hsa-miR-6783-3p levels were significantly high in individuals with CYP2C19 rs4244285 mutant genotype and these miRNAs down-regulated the protein expression of CYP2C19. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrated the role of coding mirSNP (rs4244285) in the regulation of the CYP2C19 gene through miRNAs and its implications to clopidogrel drug response prediction in the Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Radha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Manik Vohra
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudeva Guddattu
- Department of Statistics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Razak Uk
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjan Shetty
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikiran Umakanth
- Department of Medicine, Dr. T.M.A. Pai Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Abstract
1. Although the cynomolgus macaque is an important non-human primate species used in drug metabolism studies, cynomolgus macaque microRNA expressions have not been fully investigated.2. The expressions of 11 cynomolgus microRNAs, all orthologues of P450 regulators in humans, were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in adrenal gland, brain, heart, jejunum, kidney, liver, ovary, testis and uterus. mfa-miR-122 and mfa-miR-192, potentially important biomarkers for liver toxicity, were also analyzed.3. Several cynomolgus microRNAs showed preferential tissue expressions: mfa-miR-1 in heart, mfa-miR-122 in liver and mfa-miR-21 and mfa-miR-192 in jejunum. The remaining nine microRNAs had more ubiquitous expressions. All 13 cynomolgus microRNAs were expressed in liver. Among the 10 animals investigated, inter-individual microRNA expression levels in liver varied from 1.5- to 5.3-fold. mfa-miR-18b was the most variable microRNA. Sex differences in expression levels were <2.0-fold, and the difference was only significant for mfa-miR-29 [1.6-fold difference (p < .05)]. Six cynomolgus microRNAs (mfa-miR-18b, mfa-miR-27a, mfa-miR-132, mfa-miR-27b, mfa-miR-122 and mfa-miR-29) were significantly correlated with P450 mRNAs: mfa-miR-18b and mfa-miR-27a were each correlated with seven P450 mRNAs.4. Expression of these cynomolgus microRNAs in liver might indicate their possible roles in this tissue, and further investigation will clarify their involvement in P450 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Uno
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima city, Japan.,Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Center, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd, Kainan, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Japan
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Li Y, Meng Q, Yang M, Liu D, Hou X, Tang L, Wang X, Lyu Y, Chen X, Liu K, Yu AM, Zuo Z, Bi H. Current trends in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:1113-1144. [PMID: 31867160 PMCID: PMC6900561 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes of a drug. Understanding PK properties is essential for drug development and precision medication. In this review we provided an overview of recent research on PK with focus on the following aspects: (1) an update on drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in the determination of PK, as well as advances in xenobiotic receptors and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the modulation of PK, providing new understanding of the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms that result in inter-individual variations in pharmacotherapy; (2) current status and trends in assessing drug-drug interactions, especially interactions between drugs and herbs, between drugs and therapeutic biologics, and microbiota-mediated interactions; (3) advances in understanding the effects of diseases on PK, particularly changes in metabolizing enzymes and transporters with disease progression; (4) trends in mathematical modeling including physiologically-based PK modeling and novel animal models such as CRISPR/Cas9-based animal models for DMPK studies; (5) emerging non-classical xenobiotic metabolic pathways and the involvement of novel metabolic enzymes, especially non-P450s. Existing challenges and perspectives on future directions are discussed, and may stimulate the development of new research models, technologies, and strategies towards the development of better drugs and improved clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mengbi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Drug Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiangyu Hou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lan Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanfeng Lyu
- School of Pharmacy, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huichang Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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20
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Ning B, Yu D, Yu AM. Advances and challenges in studying noncoding RNA regulation of drug metabolism and development of RNA therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 169:113638. [PMID: 31518552 PMCID: PMC6802278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that genome-derived noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in modulating inter-individual variations observed in drug metabolism and disposition by controlling the expression of genes coding drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs) and relevant nuclear receptors (NRs). With the understanding of novel ncRNA regulatory mechanisms and significance in the control of disease initiation and progression, RNA-based therapies are under active investigation that may expand the druggable targets from conventional proteins to RNAs and the genome for the treatment of human diseases. Herein we provide an overview of research strategies, approaches and their limitations in biochemical and pharmacological studies pertaining to ncRNA functions in the regulation of drug and nutrient metabolism and disposition, and discussion on the promise and challenges in developing RNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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21
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Li D, Knox B, Chen S, Wu L, Tolleson WH, Liu Z, Yu D, Guo L, Tong W, Ning B. MicroRNAs hsa-miR-495-3p and hsa-miR-486-5p suppress basal and rifampicin-induced expression of human sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1) by facilitating mRNA degradation. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 169:113617. [PMID: 31445882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug metabolizing enzymes mediate biotransformation of drugs and play an essential role in drug efficacy and toxicity. Human sulfotransferases are a superfamily of Phase II detoxification enzymes that metabolize a wide spectrum of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. SULT2A1 is one of the most abundant hepatic sulfotransferases and it catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of many endogenous substrates, such as bile acids and steroids. In the current study, we utilized a systematic approach by combining a series of computational analyses and in vitro methods to identify miRNAs that repress SULT2A1 expression post-transcriptionally. Our in silico analyses predicted miRNA response elements for hsa-miR-495-3p and hsa-miR-486-5p within the 3'-UTR of SULT2A1 mRNA and the levels of these miRNAs were inversely correlated with that of SULT2A1 mRNA in human liver. Using fluorescence-based RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we found that hsa-miR-495-3p and hsa-miR-486-5p interacted directly with the SULT2A1 3'-UTR. The activity of a luciferase reporter gene construct containing sequences from the SULT2A1 3-UTR was suppressed by hsa-miR-486-5p and hsa-miR-495-3p. Furthermore, gain- and loss-of-function assays demonstrated that hsa-miR-486-5p and hsa-miR-495-3p negatively modulate basal and rifampicin-induced expression of SULT2A1 in HepG2 cells by decreasing mRNA stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Li
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Bridgett Knox
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Leihong Wu
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - William H Tolleson
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Zhichao Liu
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Dianke Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Weida Tong
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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22
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Liu F, Wang ZF, Liu FF, Xu JZ, Liu Q, Lan J. [MicroRNA-29a-3p regulates osteoblast differentiation and peri-implant osseointegration in a rat model of hyperlipidemia by modulating Frizzled 4 expression]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 37:200-207. [PMID: 31168988 PMCID: PMC7030145 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aimed to study and identify the influence and target gene of microRNA-29a-3p (miR-29a-3p) in the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a high-fat environment in vitro and in vivo. METHODS 1) In vitro: BMSCs were randomly allocated into two groups and were then induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation in a normal or high-fat environment. Next, a miR-29a-3p mimic/inhibitor was transfected into the two groups of cells. The mRNA expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runt related gene 2 (Runx2), and miR-29a-3p and the protein expression levels of ALP and Runx2 were detected before and after transfection through reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analyses. Moreover, Frizzled (Fzd) 4 was predicted as the target gene of miR-29a-3p by using an online database (Target Scan, MiRNA.org). The interactive relationship between miR-29a-3p and Fzd4 was confirmed through dual-luciferase assays. 2) In vivo: Rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed with a standard or high-fat diet. Titanium implants were grown in rats. Then, the expression levels of miR-29a-3p, ALP, and Runx2 were detected in bone tissues surrounding implants. Moreover, hard tissue sections were subjected to methylene blue-acid magenta staining and observed under microscopy to study bone formation around implants. In addition, miR-29a-3p-overexpressing lentiviral vectors were transfected into rats, and the expression levels of ALP, Runx2, and miR-29a-3p in bone tissues surrounding implants were detected at 3 and 10 days after transfection. RESULTS The expression levels of ALP, Runx2, and miR-29a-3p and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were suppressed in high-fat groups in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MiR-29a-3p plays a positive role in the regulation of BMSCs in a high-fat environment. It can increase ALP and Runx2 expression levels in bone tissues surrounding implants in hyperlipidemia models. This result implies that miR-29a-3p can promote implant osseointergration in a rat model of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Wang
- Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Dept. of Dental Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Jin-Zhao Xu
- Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qibo Liu
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jing Lan
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
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Li D, Tolleson WH, Yu D, Chen S, Guo L, Xiao W, Tong W, Ning B. Regulation of cytochrome P450 expression by microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs: Epigenetic mechanisms in environmental toxicology and carcinogenesis. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev 2019; 37:180-214. [PMID: 31305208 PMCID: PMC6737535 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2019.1639481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposures to hazardous chemicals are associated with a variety of human diseases and disorders, including cancers. Phase I metabolic activation and detoxification reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) affect the toxicities of many xenobiotic compounds. Proper regulation of CYP expression influences their biological effects. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in regulating CYP expression, and ncRNA expression is regulated in response to environmental chemicals. The mechanistic interactions between ncRNAs and CYPs associated with the toxicity and carcinogenicity of environmental chemicals are described in this review, focusing on microRNA-dependent CYP regulation. The role of long noncoding RNAs in regulating CYP expression is also presented and new avenues of research concerning this regulatory mechanism are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Li
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - William H Tolleson
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - Dianke Yu
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - Si Chen
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - Lei Guo
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - Wenming Xiao
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - Weida Tong
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
| | - Baitang Ning
- a National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , Jefferson , AR , USA
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24
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Hu DG, Marri S, McKinnon RA, Mackenzie PI, Meech R. Deregulation of the Genes that Are Involved in Drug Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 368:363-381. [PMID: 30578287 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes involved in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) are called ADME genes. Currently, 298 genes that encode phase I and II drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and modifiers are designated as ADME genes by the PharmaADME Consortium. ADME genes are highly expressed in the liver and their levels can be influenced by liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we obtained RNA-sequencing and microRNA (miRNA)-sequencing data from 371 HCC patients via The Cancer Genome Atlas liver hepatocellular carcinoma project and performed ADME gene-targeted differential gene expression analysis and expression correlation analysis. Two hundred thirty-three of the 298 ADME genes (78%) were expressed in HCC. Of these genes, almost one-quarter (58 genes) were significantly downregulated, while only 6% (15) were upregulated in HCC relative to healthy liver. Moreover, one-half (14/28) of the core ADME genes (CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, NAT1, NAT2, UGT2B7, SLC22A1, SLCO1B1, and SLCO1B3) were downregulated. In addition, about one-half of the core ADME genes were positively correlated with each other and were also positively (AHR, ARNT, HNF4A, PXR, CAR, PPARA, and RXRA) or negatively (PPARD and PPARG) correlated with transcription factors known as ADME modifiers. Finally, we show that most miRNAs known to regulate core ADME genes are upregulated in HCC. Collectively, these data reveal 1) an extensive transcription factor-mediated ADME coexpression network in the liver that efficiently coordinates the metabolism and elimination of endogenous and exogenous compounds; and 2) a widespread deregulation of this network in HCC, most likely due to deregulation of both transcriptional and post-transcriptional (miRNA) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gui Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Shashikanth Marri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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25
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Ma Y, Sun Y. miR-29a-3p inhibits growth, proliferation, and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma by suppressing NF-κB signaling via direct targeting of OTUB2. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 11:13-23. [PMID: 30588107 PMCID: PMC6301296 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s184781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely involved in cancer development. Downregulation of miR-29a-3p and its tumor suppressive roles in cancer have been revealed by multiple reporters. However, study of its expression pattern and function in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is rare. Materials and methods The expression of miR-29a-3p in PTC tissues and cells was detected by qPCR. CCK-8, plate clone formation, transwell invasion, Western blot, immunohistochem-istry, and luciferase reporter assays were carried out to identify the target of miR-29a-3p and explore its roles and mechanisms in PTC. Results Deregulated miR-29a-3p in PTC tissues and cell lines were revealed by qPCR. Restoring miR-29a-3p expression significantly inhibited growth, proliferation, and invasion of PTC cells demonstrated by CCK-8, plate clone formation, and transwell assays. Luciferase reporter assays showed miR-29a-3p can directly target OTUB2 in PTC cells. Ectopic expression of OTUB2 can antagonize the effects of miR-29a-3p on cell growth, proliferation, and invasion of PTC. Mechanistically, OTUB2 overexpression can activate NF-κB signaling mostly by stabilizing TRAF6. Upregulated OTUB2 expression was observed in PTC tissues via immunohistochemistry analysis. Moreover, OTUB2 showed a positive correlation to metastatic status and showed a negative correlation to the overall survival rate in PTC patients. Conclusion Deregulated miR-29a-3p can promote cell growth, proliferation, and invasion in PTC. OTUB2 is a direct downstream target of miR-29a-3p in PTC, and it mediates the effects of deregulated miR-29a-3p by activating TRAF6-associated NF-κB signaling in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Ma
- Department of Fourth Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Fourth Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,
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26
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Zou X, Kang L, Yang M, Wu J, Guan H. MicroRNA binding mediated Functional sequence variant in 3'-UTR of DNA repair Gene XPC in Age-related Cataract. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15198. [PMID: 30315181 PMCID: PMC6185952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA oxidative damage repair is strongly involved in the pathogenesis of age-related cataract (ARC). The sequence variants of in coding region of DNA repair genes have been shown to be associated with ARC. It is known that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3′-terminal untranslated region (3′-UTR) can alter the gene expression by binding with microRNAs (miRNAs). We hypothesize that SNP(s) in miRNA binding site of certain DNA oxidative damage repair genes might associate with ARC risk. We examined 10 miRNA binding SNPs in 3′-UTR of 7 oxidative damage genes and revealed the XPC- rs2229090 C allele was associated with nuclear type of ARC (ARNC) risk in Chinese population. The individuals with the variant G allele (CG and GG) of XPC- rs2229090 had higher XPC mRNA expression compared to individuals carrying CC genotype. The in vitro assay showed that luciferase reporter gene expression can be down regulated by hsa-miR-589-5p in cells transfected with rs2229090 C allele compared to G allele. These results suggested that the C allele of XPC-2229090 increase the risk with ARNC. The mechanism underlying might be due to the stronger interation of the C allele with hsa-miR-589-5p, resulting in lower XPC expression and DNA repair capability than the individuals carring G allele in lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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Nie J, Li CP, Li JH, Chen X, Zhong X. Analysis of non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease microRNA expression spectra in rat liver tissues. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2669-2680. [PMID: 30015905 PMCID: PMC6102666 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing in recent years. Previous studies have suggested that micro (mi)RNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. To investigate the role of miRNAs in rat NAFLD, a total of 16 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and a model group. Rats in the control group were fed a normal diet for 12 weeks, whereas the rats in the model group were fed a high‑fat and high‑sugar diet for 12 weeks. Following this, the animals were sacrificed and liver tissues were rapidly removed to investigate the severity of NAFLD. Blood samples were collected to investigate liver function, in addition to total cholesterol, total triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose levels. Total RNA from three fresh liver samples per experimental group was extracted for subsequent miRNA gene chip analysis using GeneChip miRNA 4.0 to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs, and miRNA expression was further verified via reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). Compared with the control group, the results revealed that there were 10 differentially expressed miRNAs in the model group, five of which were overexpressed and five of which were underexpressed compared with the control group. The results of the RT‑qPCR analysis revealed that miR‑182, miR‑29b‑3p and miR‑741‑3p were significantly overexpressed in the model group compared with the control group, which was largely consistent with the results of the microarray analysis. The results suggested that the differentially expressed microRNAs demonstrated in the present study may be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD; however, the mechanism underlying the differential expression of miRNAs in NAFLD requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jue-Hong Li
- Graduate School, College of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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28
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the factors causing inter- and intra-individual differences in drug metabolism potencies is required for the practice of personalized or precision medicine, as well as for the promotion of efficient drug development. The expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is controlled by transcriptional regulation by nuclear receptors and transcriptional factors, epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, and post-translational modification. In addition to such regulation mechanisms, recent studies revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous ~22-nucleotide non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression through the translational repression and degradation of mRNAs, significantly contribute to post-transcriptional regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Areas covered: This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding miRNAs-dependent regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transcriptional factors and its physiological and clinical significance. We also describe recent advances in miRNA-dependent regulation research, showing that the presence of pseudogenes, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and RNA editing affects miRNA targeting. Expert opinion: It is unwavering fact that miRNAs are critical factors causing inter- and intra-individual differences in the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Consideration of miRNA-dependent regulation would be a helpful tool for optimizing personalized and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Nakano
- a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japan.,b Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion Science
| | - Miki Nakajima
- a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japan
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Knox B, Wang Y, Rogers LJ, Xuan J, Yu D, Guan H, Chen J, Shi T, Ning B, Kadlubar SA. A functional SNP in the 3'-UTR of TAP2 gene interacts with microRNA hsa-miR-1270 to suppress the gene expression. Environ Mol Mutagen 2018; 59:134-143. [PMID: 29205500 PMCID: PMC5811321 DOI: 10.1002/em.22159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The transporter associated with antigen processing 2 (TAP2) is involved in the development of multidrug resistance and the etiology of immunological diseases. In this study, we investigated whether the expression of TAP2 can be perturbed by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the gene via interactions with microRNAs. Using a series of in silico assays, we selected the candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) with the potential to interact with functional SNPs of TAP2. The SNP rs241456-located in the 3'-UTR of TAP2-resides in a potential binding site for hsa-miR-1270 and hsa-miR-620. HEK 293 cells, from a human kidney cell line, were used to characterize the extent of binding of miRNAs to each polymorphic allele of the SNP by a luciferase reporter gene assay. RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to evaluate the interaction between the miRNAs and each allele sequence of the SNP. We found that hsa-miR-1270 inhibited luciferase activity by binding to the T allele of the SNP in an allele-specific manner. A negative correlation was also found between the expression of hsa-miR-1270 and the T allele of the SNP in kidney tissues. Our findings support the hypothesis that hsa-miR-1270 suppresses the production of TAP2 by binding to this SNP in the 3'-UTR of this gene. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:134-143, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgett Knox
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Yong Wang
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lora J. Rogers
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Jiekun Xuan
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Dianke Yu
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiwei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tieliu Shi
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Baitang Ning
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
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Yu D, Wu L, Gill P, Tolleson WH, Chen S, Sun J, Knox B, Jin Y, Xiao W, Hong H, Wang Y, Ren Z, Guo L, Mei N, Guo Y, Yang X, Shi L, Chen Y, Zeng L, Dreval K, Tryndyak V, Pogribny I, Fang H, Shi T, McCullough S, Bhattacharyya S, Schnackenberg L, Mattes W, Beger RD, James L, Tong W, Ning B. Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:845-58. [PMID: 29067470 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of acute liver failure. Yet the mechanisms underlying adaptive tolerance toward APAP-induced liver injury are not fully understood. To better understand molecular mechanisms contributing to adaptive tolerance to APAP is an underpinning foundation for APAP-related precision medicine. In the current study, the mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles derived from next generation sequencing data for APAP-treated (5 and 10 mM) HepaRG cells and controls were analyzed systematically. Putative miRNAs targeting key dysregulated genes involved in APAP hepatotoxicity were selected using in silico prediction algorithms, un-biased gene ontology, and network analyses. Luciferase reporter assays, RNA electrophoresis mobility shift assays, and miRNA pull-down assays were performed to investigate the role of miRNAs affecting the expression of dysregulated genes. Levels of selected miRNAs were measured in serum samples obtained from children with APAP overdose (58.6-559.4 mg/kg) and from healthy controls. As results, 2758 differentially expressed genes and 47 miRNAs were identified. Four of these miRNAs (hsa-miR-224-5p, hsa-miR-320a, hsa-miR-449a, and hsa-miR-877-5p) suppressed drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) levels involved in APAP-induced liver injury by downregulating HNF1A, HNF4A and NR1I2 expression. Exogenous transfection of these miRNAs into HepaRG cells effectively rescued them from APAP toxicity, as indicated by decreased alanine aminotransferase levels. Importantly, hsa-miR-320a and hsa-miR-877-5p levels were significantly elevated in serum samples obtained from children with APAP overdose compared to health controls. Collectively, these data indicate that hsa-miR-224-5p, hsa-miR-320a, hsa-miR-449a, and hsa-miR-877-5p suppress DME expression involved in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and they contribute to an adaptive response in hepatocytes.
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Chen Y, Zeng L, Wang Y, Tolleson WH, Knox B, Chen S, Ren Z, Guo L, Mei N, Qian F, Huang K, Liu D, Tong W, Yu D, Ning B. The expression, induction and pharmacological activity of CYP1A2 are post-transcriptionally regulated by microRNA hsa-miR-132-5p. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 145:178-191. [PMID: 28822783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is one of the most abundant and important drug metabolizing enzymes in human liver. However, little is known about the post-transcriptional regulation of CYP1A2, especially the mechanisms involving microRNAs (miRNAs). This study applied a systematic approach to investigate the post-transcriptional regulation of CYP1A2 by miRNAs. Candidate miRNAs targeting the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of CYP1A2 were screened in silico, resulting in the selection of sixty-two potential miRNAs for further analysis. The levels of two miRNAs, hsa-miR-132-5p and hsa-miR-221-5p, were inversely correlated with the expression of CYP1A2 mRNA transcripts in normal human liver tissue samples represented in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. The interactions between these miRNAs and cognate CYP1A2 mRNA sequences were evaluated using luciferase reporter gene studies and electrophoretic mobility shift assays, by which a direct interaction was confirmed involving hsa-miR-132-5p and a cognate binding site present in the CYP1A2 3'-UTR. Experiments by which hsa-miR-132-5p or random miRNA controls were introduced into HepG2, Huh-7 and HepaRG hepatic cell lines showed that only hsa-miR-132-5p suppressed the endogenous and lansoprazole-induced expression of CYP1A2, at biological activity, protein production, and mRNA transcript levels. Furthermore, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays showed that hsa-miR-132-5p attenuates CYP1A2-mediated, lansoprazole-enhanced, flutamide-induced hepatic cell toxicity. Results from multilayer experiments demonstrate that hsa-miR-132-5p suppresses the expression of CYP1A2 and that this suppression is able to decrease the extent of an adverse drug-drug interaction involving lansoprazole and flutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Linjuan Zeng
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA; Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Yong Wang
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - William H Tolleson
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Bridgett Knox
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Zhen Ren
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Nan Mei
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Feng Qian
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Kaihong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - David Liu
- Longevity Center of CHI St. Vincent Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Weida Tong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Dianke Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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Hariparsad N, Ramsden D, Palamanda J, Dekeyser JG, Fahmi OA, Kenny JR, Einolf H, Mohutsky M, Pardon M, Siu YA, Chen L, Sinz M, Jones B, Walsky R, Dallas S, Balani SK, Zhang G, Buckley D, Tweedie D. Considerations from the IQ Induction Working Group in Response to Drug-Drug Interaction Guidance from Regulatory Agencies: Focus on Downregulation, CYP2C Induction, and CYP2B6 Positive Control. Drug Metab Dispos 2017. [PMID: 28646080 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.074567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Medicines Agency (EMA), the Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have issued guidelines for the conduct of drug-drug interaction studies. To examine the applicability of these regulatory recommendations specifically for induction, a group of scientists, under the auspices of the Drug Metabolism Leadership Group of the Innovation and Quality (IQ) Consortium, formed the Induction Working Group (IWG). A team of 19 scientists, from 16 of the 39 pharmaceutical companies that are members of the IQ Consortium and two Contract Research Organizations reviewed the recommendations, focusing initially on the current EMA guidelines. Questions were collated from IQ member companies as to which aspects of the guidelines require further evaluation. The EMA was then approached to provide insights into their recommendations on the following: 1) evaluation of downregulation, 2) in vitro assessment of CYP2C induction, 3) the use of CITCO as the positive control for CYP2B6 induction by CAR, 4) data interpretation (a 2-fold increase in mRNA as evidence of induction), and 5) the duration of incubation of hepatocytes with test article. The IWG conducted an anonymous survey among IQ member companies to query current practices, focusing specifically on the aforementioned key points. Responses were received from 19 companies. All data and information were blinded before being shared with the IWG. The results of the survey are presented, together with consensus recommendations on downregulation, CYP2C induction, and CYP2B6 positive control. Results and recommendations related to data interpretation and induction time course will be reported in subsequent articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niresh Hariparsad
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Diane Ramsden
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Jairam Palamanda
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Joshua G Dekeyser
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Odette A Fahmi
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Jane R Kenny
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Heidi Einolf
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Michael Mohutsky
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Magalie Pardon
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Y Amy Siu
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Liangfu Chen
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Michael Sinz
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Barry Jones
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Robert Walsky
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Shannon Dallas
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Suresh K Balani
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - George Zhang
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - David Buckley
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
| | - Donald Tweedie
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (N.H.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (J.R.K.); Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Florham Park, New Jersey (H.E.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.); Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut (D.R.); Merck and Co., Kenilworth, New Jersey (J.P.), Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California (J.D.), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut (O.A.F.); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, ChillyMazarin, France (M.P.); Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Andover, Massachusetts (A.Y.S.); Glaxo SmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (L.C.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut (M.S.); AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden (B.J.); EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts (R.W.);Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.D.); Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (S.K.B.); Corning Life Sciences; Woburn, Massachusetts (G.Z.); XenoTech LLC, Lenexa, Kansas (D.B.); Merck and Co., West Point, Pennsylvania (D.T.)
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Zeng L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Yu LR, Knox B, Chen J, Shi T, Chen S, Ren Z, Guo L, Wu Y, Liu D, Huang K, Tong W, Yu D, Ning B. MicroRNA hsa-miR-370-3p suppresses the expression and induction of CYP2D6 by facilitating mRNA degradation. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 140:139-49. [PMID: 28552654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) participates in the metabolism of approximately 20-25% of prescribed drugs. Genetic polymorphisms influence the expression and/or activity of CYP2D6, and inter-individual differences in drug activation and elimination caused by CYP2D6 genetic variants were reported. However, little is known about the potential modulation of CYP2D6 expression by microRNAs (miRNAs). In the current study, by using in silico prediction of the stabilities of miRNA/mRNA complexes, we screened 38 miRNA candidates that may interact with the transcript of CYP2D6. An inverse correlation between the expression of miRNA hsa-miR-370-3p and the expression of CYP2D6 was observed in human liver tissue samples. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that hsa-miR-370-3p was able to directly bind to its cognate target within the coding region of the CYP2D6 transcript. The transfection of hsa-miR-370-3p mimics into the HepG2CYP2D6 cell line, a genetically modified cell line that overexpresses exogenous CYP2D6, was able to suppress the expression of CYP2D6 significantly at both mRNA and protein levels. The transfection of hsa-miR-370-3p mimics was also able to inhibit endogenous mRNA expression and/or protein production of CYP2D6 in HepaRG cells. Furthermore, in HepaRG, HepG2, and Huh7 cells, dexamethasone-induced expression of CYP2D6 was inhibited by hsa-miR-370-3p mimics. To investigate whether the miRNA mediated suppression is caused by inhibiting protein translation or promoting mRNA degradation, an actinomycin D assay was used to measure the stability of CYP2D6 transcripts. The results indicated that hsa-miR-370-3p mimics facilitated significantly the degradation of CYP2D6 mRNA. In addition, proteomics analyses of proteins isolated from the miRNA/mRNA/protein complex suggested that a group of multifunctional proteins facilitated the interaction between hsa-miR-370-3p and CYP2D6, thereby promoting mRNA degradation.
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Wang Y, Yu D, Tolleson WH, Yu LR, Green B, Zeng L, Chen Y, Chen S, Ren Z, Guo L, Tong W, Guan H, Ning B. A systematic evaluation of microRNAs in regulating human hepatic CYP2E1. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 138:174-184. [PMID: 28438567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is an important drug metabolizing enzyme for processing numerous xenobiotics in the liver, including acetaminophen and ethanol. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can suppress CYP2E1 expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of its transcript. However, a systematic analysis of CYP2E1 regulation by miRNAs has not been described. Here, we applied in silico, in vivo, and in vitro approaches to investigate miRNAs involved in the regulation of CYP2E1. Initially, potential miRNA binding sites in the CYP2E1 mRNA transcript were identified and screened using in silico methods. Next, inverse correlations were found in human liver samples between the expression of CYP2E1 mRNA and the levels of two miRNA species, hsa-miR-214-3p and hsa-miR-942-5p. In a HepG2-derived CYP2E1 over-expression cell model, hsa-miR-214-3p exhibited strong suppression of CYP2E1 expression by targeting the coding region of its mRNA transcript, but hsa-miR-942-5p did not inhibit CYP2E1 levels. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that hsa-miR-214-3p recruited other cellular protein factors to form stable complexes with specific sequences present in the CYP2E1 mRNA open reading frame. Transfection of HepaRG cells with hsa-miR-214-3p mimics inhibited expression of the endogenous CYP2E1 gene. Further, hsa-miR-214-3p mimics partially blocked ethanol-dependent increases in CYP2E1 mRNA and protein levels in HepG2 cells and they reduced the release of alanine aminotransferase from CYP2E1-overexpressing HepG2 cells exposed to acetaminophen. These results substantiate the suppressing effect of hsa-miR-214-3p on CYP2E1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Dianke Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - William H Tolleson
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Li-Rong Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Bridgett Green
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Linjuan Zeng
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Yinting Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Zhen Ren
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Weida Tong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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Pogribny IP, Beland FA, Rusyn I. The role of microRNAs in the development and progression of chemical-associated cancers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 312:3-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liu H, Xu Z, Gu H, Li W, Chen W, Sun C, Zhao K, Teng X, Zhang H, Jiang L, Hu S, Zhou Z, Zheng Z. Common Variant in Glycoprotein Ia Increases Long-Term Adverse Events Risk After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004496. [PMID: 27881421 PMCID: PMC5210398 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background This study was aimed to investigate the clinical relevance between glycoprotein Ia (GPIA) rs1126643C/T polymorphism and the outcome of coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and explore the involved potential mechanisms. Methods and Results We genotyped GPIA rs1126643 polymorphism of 1592 patients who underwent CABG and followed up for a median period of 72.8 months. Patients who are GPIA rs1126643 T‐allele carriers have a higher major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events risk post‐CABG than those who are CC homozygotes (hazard ratio [HR]=1.29; P=0.022). The clinical association between the risk allele (T) carriage and major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events was confirmed in another cohort study, which included 646 CABG patients from various health centers across China. Meanwhile, rs1126643 T allele was also linked with increased risk of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (HR=1.73; P=0.019). To explore the underlying mechanisms, we prospectively recruited 131 coronary artery disease patients, assessed their platelet aggregation function, and focused on detecting their GPIA mRNA level and protein expression. Results showed that patients with rs1126643 T allele have elevated platelet aggregation activity (P=0.029) when protein expression is increased (P<0.001) and not affected by glycoprotein Ia mRNA level. Conclusions The synonymous common variant, GPIA rs1126643, increases the long‐term adverse events risk of CABG by augmenting GPIa protein expression and enhancing platelet aggregation function. This finding can serve as the implication of improving secondary prevention of CABG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyong Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Li MP, Hu YD, Hu XL, Zhang YJ, Yang YL, Jiang C, Tang J, Chen XP. MiRNAs and miRNA Polymorphisms Modify Drug Response. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:ijerph13111096. [PMID: 27834829 PMCID: PMC5129306 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Differences in expression of drug response-related genes contribute to inter-individual variation in drugs’ biological effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs emerging as new players in epigenetic regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs regulate the expression of genes involved in drug metabolism, drug transportation, drug targets and downstream signal molecules directly or indirectly. MiRNA polymorphisms, the genetic variations affecting miRNA expression and/or miRNA-mRNA interaction, provide a new insight into the understanding of inter-individual difference in drug response. Here, we provide an overview of the recent progress in miRNAs mediated regulation of biotransformation enzymes, drug transporters, and nuclear receptors. We also describe the implications of miRNA polymorphisms in cancer chemotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Peng Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Yao-Dong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Yan-Jiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Yong-Long Yang
- Haikou People's Hospital and Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Chun Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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Tian M, Liu B, Hu H, Li X, Guo Q, Zou F, Liu X, Hu M, Guo J, Ma L, Zhou D, Sun Y, Shen B, Zhu C. MiR-285 targets P450 (CYP6N23) to regulate pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4511-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tang QJ, Lin HM, He GD, Liu JE, Wu H, Li XX, Zhong WP, Tang L, Meng JX, Zhang MZ, Li HP, Chen JY, Zhong SL, Wang LY. Plasma miR-142 accounting for the missing heritability of CYP3A4/5 functionality is associated with pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1503-17. [PMID: 27556885 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether plasma miRNAs targeting CYP3A4/5 have an impact on the variance of pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel. MATERIALS & METHODS The contribution of 13 miRNAs to the CYP3A4/5 gene expression and activity was investigated in 55 liver tissues. The association between plasma miRNAs targeting CYP3A4/5 mRNA and clopidogrel pharmacokinetics was analyzed in 31 patients with coronary heart disease who received 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel. RESULTS Among 13 miRNAs, miR-142 was accounting for 12.2% (p = 0.002) CYP3A4 mRNA variance and 9.4% (p = 0.005) CYP3A5 mRNA variance, respectively. Plasma miR-142 was negatively associated with H4 Cmax (r = -0.5269; p = 0.0040) and associated with H4 AUC0-4h (r = -0.4986; p = 0.0069) after 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel in coronary heart disease patients. CONCLUSION miR-142 could account for a part of missing heritability of CYP3A4/5 functionality related to clopidogrel activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Jie Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Ming Lin
- Department of Biliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Dong He
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ju-E Liu
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Biliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Ping Zhong
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xiu Meng
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Ping Li
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Yan Chen
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Long Zhong
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai-You Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Tang X, Ge L, Chen Z, Kong S, Liu W, Xu Y, Zeng S, Chen S. Methylation of the Constitutive Androstane Receptor Is Involved in the Suppression of CYP2C19 in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 44:1643-52. [PMID: 27440862 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.070243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most dangerous malignancies with an increasing incidence and a high mortality rate, represents a major international health problem. HCC progression is known to involve genome-wide alteration of epigenetic modifications, leading to aberrant gene expression patterns. The activity of CYP2C19, an important member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, was reported to be compromised in HCC, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To understand whether epigenetic modification in HCC is associated with a change in CYP2C19 activity, we evaluated the expression levels of CYP2C19 and its transcription factors by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using mRNA extracted from both primary hepatocytes and paired tumor versus nontumor liver tissues of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). DNA methylation was examined by bisulfite sequencing and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that CYP2C19 could be regulated by e-box methylation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Decreased CYP2C19 expression in tumorous tissues of HBV-infected patients with HCC was highly correlated with suppressed expression and promoter hypermethylation of CAR. Our study demonstrates that aberrant CAR methylation is involved in CYP2C19 regulation in HBV-related HCC and may play a role in liver tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Tang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Lele Ge
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Sisi Kong
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.T., W.L., Y.X., S.Z., S.C.); Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (L.G.); and Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China (Z.C., S.K.)
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Jin Y, Yu D, Tolleson WH, Knox B, Wang Y, Chen S, Ren Z, Deng H, Guo Y, Ning B. MicroRNA hsa-miR-25-3p suppresses the expression and drug induction of CYP2B6 in human hepatocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 113:88-96. [PMID: 27311985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6), mainly expressed in the liver and brain, is important for processing a number of widely used drugs. Variations in CYP2B6 expression are associated with decreased drug efficacy or adverse effects in some patients. Although CYP2B6 genetic variants are associated with its differential expression, epigenetic mechanisms affecting CYP2B6 gene regulation have not been established. Sequence analysis identified 29 domains in the CYP2B6 mRNA transcript that could be subject to regulation by microRNAs. Inverse correlations were found in human hepatocytes for the levels of the microRNAs hsa-miR-504-5p and hsa-miR-25-3p compared with CYP2B6 mRNA. Reporter gene assays showed that hsa-miR-25-3p suppresses CYP2B6 expression by targeting a specific sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of the mRNA transcript. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that hsa-miR-25-3p forms stable complexes with its cognate mRNA sequence and that it recruits cellular factors, including Ago-4. Transfection of HepaRG cells with hsa-miR-25-3p mimics inhibited expression of the endogenous CYP2B6 gene and it also decreased rifampicin-dependent induction of CYP2B6 at the mRNA and protein levels. In summary, in silico and in vitro analyses show that hsa-miR-25-3p suppresses CYP2B6 expression in human liver cells via an epigenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
| | - William H Tolleson
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Bridgett Knox
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Zhen Ren
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Helen Deng
- Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Yongli Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
| | - Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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43
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Liu JE, Ren B, Tang L, Tang QJ, Liu XY, Li X, Bai X, Zhong WP, Meng JX, Lin HM, Wu H, Chen JY, Zhong SL. The independent contribution of miRNAs to the missing heritability in CYP3A4/5 functionality and the metabolism of atorvastatin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26544. [PMID: 27211076 PMCID: PMC4876377 DOI: 10.1038/srep26544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the independent contribution of miRNAs to the missing heritability in CYP3A4/5 functionality and atorvastatin metabolism, the relationships among three levels of factors, namely (1) clinical characteristics, CYP3A4/5 genotypes, and miRNAs, (2) CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 mRNAs, and (3) CYP3A activity, as well as their individual impacts on atorvastatin metabolism, were assessed in 55 human liver tissues. MiR-27b, miR-206, and CYP3A4 mRNA respectively accounted for 20.0%, 5.8%, and 9.5% of the interindividual variations in CYP3A activity. MiR-142 was an independent contributor to the expressions of CYP3A4 mRNA (partial R(2) = 0.12, P = 0.002) and CYP3A5 mRNA (partial R(2) = 0.09, P = 0.005) but not CYP3A activity or atorvastatin metabolism. CYP3A activity was a unique independent predictor of variability of atorvastatin metabolism, explaining the majority of the variance in reduction of atorvastatin (60.0%) and formation of ortho-hydroxy atorvastatin (78.8%) and para-hydroxy atorvastatin (83.9%). MiR-27b and miR-206 were found to repress CYP3A4 gene expression and CYP3A activity by directly binding to CYP3A4 3'-UTR, while miR-142 was found to indirectly repress CYP3A activity. Our study indicates that miRNAs play significant roles in bridging the gap between epigenetic effects and missing heritability in CYP3A functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-E Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Bin Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Lan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian-Jie Tang
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Institute of Chinese medical science, Guangdong TCM key Laboratory for metabolism, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Liu
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xin Li
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Wan-Ping Zhong
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jin-Xiu Meng
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hao-Ming Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ji-Yan Chen
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shi-Long Zhong
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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44
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Yu AM, Tian Y, Tu MJ, Ho PY, Jilek JL. MicroRNA Pharmacoepigenetics: Posttranscriptional Regulation Mechanisms behind Variable Drug Disposition and Strategy to Develop More Effective Therapy. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:308-19. [PMID: 26566807 PMCID: PMC4767381 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.067470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) or pharmacokinetics properties is essential for drug development and safe use of medicine. Varied or altered ADME may lead to a loss of efficacy or adverse drug effects. Understanding the causes of variations in drug disposition and response has proven critical for the practice of personalized or precision medicine. The rise of noncoding microRNA (miRNA) pharmacoepigenetics and pharmacoepigenomics has come with accumulating evidence supporting the role of miRNAs in the modulation of ADME gene expression and then drug disposition and response. In this article, we review the advances in miRNA pharmacoepigenetics including the mechanistic actions of miRNAs in the modulation of Phase I and II drug-metabolizing enzymes, efflux and uptake transporters, and xenobiotic receptors or transcription factors after briefly introducing the characteristics of miRNA-mediated posttranscriptional gene regulation. Consequently, miRNAs may have significant influence on drug disposition and response. Therefore, research on miRNA pharmacoepigenetics shall not only improve mechanistic understanding of variations in pharmacotherapy but also provide novel insights into developing more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Pui Yan Ho
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Joseph L Jilek
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
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Yu D, Tolleson WH, Knox B, Jin Y, Guo L, Guo Y, Kadlubar SA, Ning B. Modulation of ALDH5A1 and SLC22A7 by microRNA hsa-miR-29a-3p in human liver cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 98:671-80. [PMID: 26428001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Observed variations in drug responses among patients may result from differences in heritable genetic traits or from alterations in the epigenetic regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a group of small non-coding RNAs, provide an epigenetic mechanism for fine-tuning the expression of targeted DMET genes by regulating the efficiency of protein translation and by decreasing mRNA stability via enhanced degradation. In the current study we systematically screened 374 important genes encoding DMETs for potential response elements to hsa-miR-29a-3p, a highly abundant miRNA in human liver. RNA electrophoresis mobility shift assays displayed direct interactions between hsa-miR-29a-3p and its cognate targets within the mRNA transcripts for the ABCC6, SLC22A7 and ALDH5A1 genes. The expression of luciferase reporter genes containing the 3'-UTRs of SLC22A7 or ALDH5A1 and the expression of endogenous SLC22A7 and ALDH5A1 were each suppressed by transfection with hsa-miR-29a-3p mimics. Importantly, chemically-induced up-regulation of hsa-miR-29a-3p correlated inversely with the expression of SLC22A7 and ALDH5A1. However, our studies failed to detect suppressive effects of hsa-miR-29a-3p on ABCC6 expression, which might be explained by the notion that the interaction of hsa-miR-29a-3p and ABCC6 mRNA was unable to recruit ribonucleoproteins to form a RNA-induced silencing complex.
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