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Pottosin I, Olivas-Aguirre M, Dobrovinskaya O. In vitro simulation of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia niche: a critical view on the optimal approximation for drug testing. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:21-41. [PMID: 37039524 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the worst prognosis is related to minimal residual disease. Minimal residual disease not only depends on the individual peculiarities of leukemic clones but also reflects the protective role of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia microenvironment. In this review, we discuss in detail cell-to-cell interactions in the 2 leukemic niches, more explored bone marrow and less studied extramedullary adipose tissue. A special emphasis is given to multiple ways of interactions of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with the bone marrow or extramedullary adipose tissue microenvironment, indicating observed differences in B- and T-cell-derived acute lymphoblastic leukemia behavior. This analysis argued for the usage of coculture systems for drug testing. Starting with a review of available sources and characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial cells, and adipocytes, we have then made an update of the available 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional systems, which bring together cellular elements, components of the extracellular matrix, or its imitation. We discussed the most complex available 3-dimensional systems like "leukemia-on-a-chip," which include either a prefabricated microfluidics platform or, alternatively, the microarchitecture, designed by using the 3-dimensional bioprinting technologies. From our analysis, it follows that for preclinical antileukemic drug testing, in most cases, intermediately complex in vitro cell systems are optimal, such as a "2.5-dimensional" coculture of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with niche cells (mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial cells) plus matrix components or scaffold-free mesenchymal stromal cell organoids, populated by acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Due to emerging evidence for the correlation of obesity and poor prognosis, a coculture of adipocytes with acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells as a drug testing system is gaining shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Guzmán City, Jalisco, 49000, Mexico
| | - Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Guzmán City, Jalisco, 49000, Mexico
- Division of Exact, Natural and Technological Sciences, South University Center (CUSUR), University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Guzmán City, Jalisco, 49000, Mexico
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2
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Castellanos-Martínez R, León-Vega II, Guerrero-Fonseca IM, Vargas-Robles H, Jiménez-Camacho KE, Hernández-Galicia G, Ortiz-Navarrete VF, Rottner K, Medina-Contreras O, Schnoor M. T cell functions and organ infiltration by leukemic T cells require cortactin. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 113:315-325. [PMID: 36808495 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that is still fatal in many cases. T cell blasts are characterized by hyperactivation and strong proliferative and migratory capacities. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is involved in mediating malignant T cell properties, and cortactin has been shown to control CXCR4 surface localization in T-ALL cells. We have previously shown that cortactin overexpression is correlated with organ infiltration and relapse in B-ALL. However, the role of cortactin in T cell biology and T-ALL remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the functional relevance of cortactin for T cell activation and migration and the implications for T-ALL development. We found that cortactin is upregulated in response to T cell receptor engagement and recruited to the immune synapse in normal T cells. Loss of cortactin caused reduced IL-2 production and proliferation. Cortactin-depleted T cells showed defects in immune synapse formation and migrated less due to impaired actin polymerization in response to T cell receptor and CXCR4 stimulation. Leukemic T cells expressed much higher levels of cortactin compared to normal T cells that correlated with greater migratory capacity. Xenotransplantation assays in NSG mice revealed that cortactin-depleted human leukemic T cells colonized the bone marrow significantly less and failed to infiltrate the central nervous system, suggesting that cortactin overexpression drives organ infiltration, which is a major complication of T-ALL relapse. Thus, cortactin could serve as a potential therapeutic target for T-ALL and other pathologies involving aberrant T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Castellanos-Martínez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iliana I León-Vega
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Idaira M Guerrero-Fonseca
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilda Vargas-Robles
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina E Jiménez-Camacho
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Hernández-Galicia
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vianney F Ortiz-Navarrete
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Department of Hemato-oncology, Hospital Infantil "Federico Gómez,", Av. Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
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3
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Zhang Z, Yang K, Zhang H. Targeting Leukemia-Initiating Cells and Leukemic Niches: The Next Therapy Station for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225655. [PMID: 36428753 PMCID: PMC9688677 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive subtype of hematological malignancy characterized by its high heterogeneity and potentially life-threatening clinical features. Despite the advances in risk stratification and therapeutic management of T-ALL, patients often suffer from treatment failure and chemotherapy-induced toxicity, calling for greater efforts to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety in the treatment of T-ALL. During the past decades, increasing evidence has shown the indispensable effects of leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) and leukemic niches on T-ALL initiation and progression. These milestones greatly facilitate precision medicine by interfering with the pathways that are associated with LICs and leukemic niches or by targeting themselves directly. Most of these novel agents, either alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy, have shown promising preclinical results, facilitating them to be further evaluated under clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the latest discoveries in LICs and leukemic niches in terms of T-ALL, with a particular highlight on the current precision medicine. The challenges and future prospects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-7796-3252
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Britton C, Poznansky MC, Reeves P. Polyfunctionality of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in health and disease: Implications for therapeutic interventions in cancer and immune-mediated diseases. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21260. [PMID: 33715207 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001273r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Historically the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its canonical ligand CXCL12 are associated with the bone marrow niche and hematopoiesis. However, CXCL12 exhibits broad tissue expression including brain, thymus, heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and bone marrow. CXCR4 can be considered as a node which is integrating and transducing inputs from a range of ligand-receptor interactions into a responsive and divergent network of intracellular signaling pathways that impact multiple cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and stress resistance. Dysregulation of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis and consequent fundamental cellular processes, are associated with a panoply of disease. This review frames the polyfunctionality of the receptor at a molecular, physiological, and pathophysiological levels. Transitioning our perspective of this axis from a single gene/protein:single function model to a polyfunctional signaling cascade highlights the potential for finer therapeutic intervention and cautions against a reductionist approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Britton
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - P Reeves
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, England
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Velázquez-Avila M, Balandrán JC, Ramírez-Ramírez D, Velázquez-Avila M, Sandoval A, Felipe-López A, Nava P, Alvarado-Moreno JA, Dozal D, Prieto-Chávez JL, Schaks M, Rottner K, Dorantes-Acosta E, López-Martínez B, Schnoor M, Pelayo R. High cortactin expression in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with increased transendothelial migration and bone marrow relapse. Leukemia 2019; 33:1337-1348. [PMID: 30573781 PMCID: PMC6756064 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death in children worldwide, with B-lineage cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) being the most frequent childhood malignancy. Relapse, treatment failure and organ infiltration worsen the prognosis, warranting a better understanding of the implicated mechanisms. Cortactin is an actin-binding protein involved in cell adhesion and migration that is overexpressed in many solid tumors and in adult B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Here, we investigated cortactin expression and potential impact on infiltration and disease prognosis in childhood B-ALL. B-ALL cell lines and precursor cells from bone marrow (BM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of B-ALL patients indeed overexpressed cortactin. In CXCL12-induced transendothelial migration assays, transmigrated B-ALL cells had highest cortactin expression. In xenotransplantation models, only cortactinhigh-leukemic cells infiltrated lungs, brain, and testis; and they colonized more easily hypoxic BM organoids. Importantly, cortactin-depleted B-ALL cells were significantly less efficient in transendothelial migration, organ infiltration and BM colonization. Clinical data highlighted a significant correlation between high cortactin levels and BM relapse in drug-resistant high-risk B-ALL patients. Our results emphasize the importance of cortactin in B-ALL organ infiltration and BM relapse and its potential as diagnostic tool to identify high-risk patients and optimize their treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Velázquez-Avila
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Balandrán
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dalia Ramírez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Mirella Velázquez-Avila
- Clinica de las Leucemias y Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SSA., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Sandoval
- Hospital para el Niño, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Felipe-López
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioseguridad Nivel III Hospital General Naval de Alta Especialidad 04470 Coyoacán, Ciudad de, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Porfirio Nava
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Alvarado-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Trombosis, Hemostasia y Aterogénesis, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Dozal
- Hospital para el Niño, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jessica L Prieto-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matthias Schaks
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elisa Dorantes-Acosta
- Clinica de las Leucemias y Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SSA., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Briceida López-Martínez
- Clinica de las Leucemias y Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SSA., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy L Cannon
- Judy L. Cannon: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology & Department of Pathology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Sreenivasa Rao Oruganti
- Judy L. Cannon: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology & Department of Pathology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Devan W Vidrine
- Judy L. Cannon: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology & Department of Pathology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Rak
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simón Méndez-Ferrer
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
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Barbieri F, Bajetto A, Thellung S, Würth R, Florio T. Drug design strategies focusing on the CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 pathway in leukemia and lymphoma. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:1093-1109. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2016.1233176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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