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Wang C, Yu H, Li Z, Wu J, Gao P, He S, Tang D, Wang Q, Liu H, Lv H, Liu J. Novel applications of Yinhua Miyanling tablets in ulcerative colitis treatment based on metabolomics and network pharmacology. Phytomedicine 2024; 128:155366. [PMID: 38537445 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yinhua Miyanling tablets (YMT), comprising 10 Chinese medicinal compounds, is a proprietary Chinese medicine used in the clinical treatment of urinary tract infections. Medicinal compounds, extracts, or certain monomeric components in YMT all show good effect on ulcerative colitis (UC). However, no evidence supporting YMT as a whole prescription for UC treatment is available. PURPOSE To evaluate the anti-UC activity of YMT and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The objective of the study was to provide evidence for the add-on development of YMT to treat UC. METHODS First, YMT's protective effect on the intestinal barrier was evaluated using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2 intestinal injury model. Second, the UC mouse model was established using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to determine YMT's influence on symptoms, inflammatory factors, intestinal barrier, and histopathological changes in the colon. Third, an integrated method combining metabolomics and network pharmacology was employed to screen core targets and key metabolic pathways with crucial roles in YMT's therapeutic effect on UC. Molecular docking was employed to identify the key targets with high affinity. Finally, western blotting was performed to validate the mechanism of YMT action against UC. RESULTS YMT enhanced the transepithelial electrical resistance value and improved the expression of proteins of the tight junctions dose-dependently in LPS-induced Caco-2 cells. UC mice treated with YMT exhibited alleviated pathological lesions of the colon tissue in the in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments. The colonic lengths tended to be normal, and the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS) along with those of the core enzymes (MPO, MDA, and SOD) improved. YMT effectively ameliorated DSS-induced colonic mucosal injury; pathological changes along with ultrastructure damage were significantly alleviated (evidenced by a relatively intact colon tissue, recovery of epithelial damage, repaired gland, reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and epithelial cells arranged closely with dense microvilli). Seven key targets (IL-6, TNF-α, MPO, COX-2, HK2, TPH, and CYP1A2) and four key metabolic pathways (arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleate metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis and tyrosine biosynthesis) were identified to play vital roles in the treatment on UC using YMT. CONCLUSIONS YMT exerts beneficial therapeutic effects on UC by regulating multiple endogenous metabolites, targets, and metabolic pathways, suggestive of its potential novel application in UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Zhuoqiao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Junzhe Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Shanmei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Daohao Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Haoming Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; Research Center of Natural Drugs, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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Feng L, Chen G, Guo Z, Yao W, Li X, Mu G, Zhu X. Both live and heat killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DPUL-F232 alleviate whey protein-induced food allergy by regulating cellular immunity and repairing the intestinal barrier. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38690869 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00105b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Postbiotics have been proposed as clinically viable alternatives to probiotics, addressing limitations and safety concerns associated with probiotic use. However, direct comparisons between the functional differences and health benefits of probiotics and postbiotics remain scarce. This study compared directly the desensitization effect of probiotics and postbiotics derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain DPUL-F232 in the whey protein-induced allergic rat model. The results demonstrate that administering both live and heat killed F232 significantly alleviated allergy symptoms, reduced intestinal inflammation, and decreased serum antibody and histamine levels in rats. Both forms of F232 were effective in regulating the Th1/Th2 balance, promoting the secretion of the regulatory cytokine IL-10, inhibiting mast cell degranulation and restoring the integrity of the intestinal barrier through the upregulation of tight junction proteins. Considering the enhanced stability and reduced safety concerns of postbiotics compared to probiotics, alongside their ability to regulate allergic reactions, we suggest that postbiotics may serve as viable substitutes for probiotics in managing food allergies and potentially other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China.
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Gangliang Chen
- Xinjiang Wangyuan Camel Milk Industrial Co., Ltd, Fuhai, Xinjiang, 836400, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China.
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Wenpu Yao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China.
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xinling Li
- Urumqi Dairy Industry Association, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Guangqing Mu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China.
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China.
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, P. R. China
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3
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Yin N, Xu B, Huang Z, Fu Y, Huang H, Fan J, Huang C, Mei Q, Zeng Y. Inhibition of Pck1 in intestinal epithelial cells alleviates acute pancreatitis via modulating intestinal homeostasis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23618. [PMID: 38651689 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400039r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction usually occurred in acute pancreatitis (AP) but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing of ileum in L-arginine-induced AP mice demonstrated that phosphoenolpyruvate kinase 1 (Pck1) was significantly up-regulated. Increased Pck1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) was further validated in ileum of AP mice and duodenum of AP patients. In AP mice, level of Pck1 was positively correlated with pancreatic and ileal histopathological scores, serum amylase activity, and intestinal permeability (serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate, and endotoxin). In AP patients, level of Pck1 had a positive correlation with Ranson scores, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein. Inhibition of Pck1 by 3-Mercaptopicolinic acid hydrochloride (3-MPA) alleviated pancreatic and ileal injuries in AP mice. AP + 3-MPA mice showed improved intestinal permeability, including less epithelial apoptosis, increased tight junction proteins (TJPs) expression, decreased serum DAO, D-lactate, endotoxin, and FITC-Dextran levels, and reduced bacteria translocation. Lysozyme secreted by Paneth cells and mucin2 (MUC2) secretion in goblet cells were also partly restored in AP + 3-MPA mice. Meanwhile, inhibition of Pck1 improved intestinal immune response during AP, including elevation of M2/M1 macrophages ratio and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and reduction in neutrophils infiltration. In vitro, administration of 3-MPA dramatically ameliorated inflammation and injuries of epithelial cells in enteroids treated by LPS. In conclusion, inhibition of Pck1 in IECs might alleviate AP via modulating intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuoming Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binqiang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehua Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizheng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixiang Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Lei Y, Yan Y, Zhong J, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Zhang T, Xiong H, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhang K. Enterococcus durans 98D alters gut microbial composition and function to improve DSS-induced colitis in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28486. [PMID: 38560132 PMCID: PMC10981110 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus durans, is a potential functional strain with the capacity to regulate intestinal health and ameliorate colonic inflammation. However, the strain requires further investigation regarding its safety profile and potential mechanisms of colitis improvement. In this study, the safety of E. durans 98D (Ed) as a potential probiotic was studied using in vitro methods. Additionally, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis model was employed to investigate its impact on the intestinal microbiota and colitis. In vitro antimicrobial assays revealed Ed sensitivity to common antibiotics and its inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli O157, Streptococcus pneumoniae CCUG 37328, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. To elucidate the functional properties of Ed, 24 weight-matched 6-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8): NC group, Con group (DSS), and Ed group (DSS + Ed). Ed administration demonstrated a protective effect on colitis mice, as evidenced by improvements in body weight, colonic length, reduced disease activity index, histological scores, diminished splenomegaly, and decreased goblet cell loss. Furthermore, Ed downregulated the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) and upregulated the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine gene IL-10. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed significant alterations in microbial α-diversity, with principal coordinate analysis indicating distinct differences in microbial composition among the three groups. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinomycetota significantly increased in the Ed-treated group. At the genus level, Ed treatment markedly elevated the relative abundance of Paraprevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9, and Odoribacter in DSS-induced colitis mice. In conclusion, Ed exhibits potential as a safe and effective therapeutic agent for DSS-induced colitis by reshaping the colonic microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junyu Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yitong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yangbin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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Dang Q, Li B, Jin B, Ye Z, Lou X, Wang T, Wang Y, Pan X, Hu Q, Li Z, Ji S, Zhou C, Yu X, Qin Y, Xu X. Cancer immunometabolism: advent, challenges, and perspective. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:72. [PMID: 38581001 PMCID: PMC10996263 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
For decades, great strides have been made in the field of immunometabolism. A plethora of evidence ranging from basic mechanisms to clinical transformation has gradually embarked on immunometabolism to the center stage of innate and adaptive immunomodulation. Given this, we focus on changes in immunometabolism, a converging series of biochemical events that alters immune cell function, propose the immune roles played by diversified metabolic derivatives and enzymes, emphasize the key metabolism-related checkpoints in distinct immune cell types, and discuss the ongoing and upcoming realities of clinical treatment. It is expected that future research will reduce the current limitations of immunotherapy and provide a positive hand in immune responses to exert a broader therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Borui Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Jin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiangsheng Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunrong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenjie Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaowu Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Mann ER, Lam YK, Uhlig HH. Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01014-8. [PMID: 38565643 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate, propionate and acetate are microbial metabolites and their availability in the gut and other organs is determined by environmental factors, such as diet and use of antibiotics, that shape the diversity and metabolism of the microbiota. SCFAs regulate epithelial barrier function as well as mucosal and systemic immunity via evolutionary conserved processes that involve G protein-coupled receptor signalling or histone deacetylase activity. Indicatively, the anti-inflammatory role of butyrate is mediated through direct effects on the differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, phagocytes, B cells and plasma cells, and regulatory and effector T cells. Intestinally derived SCFAs also directly and indirectly affect immunity at extra-intestinal sites, such as the liver, the lungs, the reproductive tract and the brain, and have been implicated in a range of disorders, including infections, intestinal inflammation, autoimmunity, food allergies, asthma and responses to cancer therapies. An ecological understanding of microbial communities and their interrelated metabolic states, as well as the engineering of butyrogenic bacteria may support SCFA-focused interventions for the prevention and treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Mann
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ying Ka Lam
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Wang S, Gong X, Xiao F, Yang Y. Recent advances in host-focused molecular tools for investigating host-gut microbiome interactions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1335036. [PMID: 38605718 PMCID: PMC11007152 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1335036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities in the human gut play a significant role in regulating host gene expression, influencing a variety of biological processes. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions, tools that can dissect signaling networks are required. In this review, we discuss recent advances in molecular tools used to study this interplay, with a focus on those that explore how the microbiome regulates host gene expression. These tools include CRISPR-based whole-body genetic tools for deciphering host-specific genes involved in the interaction process, Cre-loxP based tissue/cell-specific gene editing approaches, and in vitro models of host-derived organoids. Overall, the application of these molecular tools is revolutionizing our understanding of how host-microbiome interactions contribute to health and disease, paving the way for improved therapies and interventions that target microbial influences on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Gong
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Schwärzler J, Mayr L, Grabherr F, Tilg H, Adolph TE. Epithelial metabolism as a rheostat for intestinal inflammation and malignancy. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00004-7. [PMID: 38341347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut epithelium protects the host from a potentially hostile environment while allowing nutrient uptake that is vital for the organism. To maintain this delicate task, the gut epithelium has evolved multilayered cellular functions ranging from mucus production to hormone release and orchestration of mucosal immunity. Here, we review the execution of intestinal epithelial metabolism in health and illustrate how perturbation of epithelial metabolism affects experimental gut inflammation and tumorigenesis. We also discuss the impact of environmental factors and host-microbe interactions on epithelial metabolism in the context of inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. Insights into epithelial metabolism hold promise to unravel mechanisms of organismal health that may be therapeutically exploited in humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schwärzler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Grabherr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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DeSana AJ, Estus S, Barrett TA, Saatman KE. Acute gastrointestinal permeability after traumatic brain injury in mice precedes a bloom in Akkermansia muciniphila supported by intestinal hypoxia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2990. [PMID: 38316862 PMCID: PMC10844296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases gastrointestinal morbidity and associated mortality. Clinical and preclinical studies implicate gut dysbiosis as a consequence of TBI and an amplifier of brain damage. However, little is known about the association of gut dysbiosis with structural and functional changes of the gastrointestinal tract after an isolated TBI. To assess gastrointestinal dysfunction, mice received a controlled cortical impact or sham brain injury and intestinal permeability was assessed at 4 h, 8 h, 1 d, and 3 d after injury by oral administration of 4 kDa FITC Dextran prior to euthanasia. Quantification of serum fluorescence revealed an acute, short-lived increase in permeability 4 h after TBI. Despite transient intestinal dysfunction, no overt morphological changes were evident in the ileum or colon across timepoints from 4 h to 4 wks post-injury. To elucidate the timeline of microbiome changes after TBI, 16 s gene sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from fecal samples collected prior to and over the first month after TBI. Differential abundance analysis revealed that the phylum Verrucomicrobiota was increased at 1, 2, and 3 d after TBI. The Verrucomicrobiota species was identified by qPCR as Akkermansia muciniphila, an obligate anaerobe that resides in the intestinal mucus bilayer and produces short chain fatty acids (e.g. butyrate) utilized by intestinal epithelial cells. We postulated that TBI promotes intestinal changes favorable for the bloom of A. muciniphila. Consistent with this premise, the relative area of mucus-producing goblet cells in the medial colon was significantly increased at 1 d after injury, while colon hypoxia was significantly increased at 3 d. Our findings reveal acute gastrointestinal functional changes coupled with an increase of beneficial bacteria suggesting a potential compensatory response to systemic stress after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J DeSana
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Biomedical and Biological Sciences Research Building (BBSRB), B473, 741 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Biomedical and Biological Sciences Research Building (BBSRB), B473, 741 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Steven Estus
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Biomedical and Biological Sciences Research Building (BBSRB), B473, 741 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lee T. Todd, Jr. Building, Rm: 537, 789 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Terrence A Barrett
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine - Digestive Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Medical Science Building, MN649, 780 Rose St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Kathryn E Saatman
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Biomedical and Biological Sciences Research Building (BBSRB), B473, 741 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Biomedical and Biological Sciences Research Building (BBSRB), B473, 741 South Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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10
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Wang S, Jiang C, Cao K, Li R, Gao Z, Wang Y. HK2 in microglia and macrophages contribute to the development of neuropathic pain. Glia 2024; 72:396-410. [PMID: 37909251 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a complex pain condition accompanied by prominent neuroinflammation involving activation of both central and peripheral immune cells. Metabolic switch to glycolysis is an important feature of activated immune cells. Hexokinase 2 (HK2), a key glycolytic enzyme enriched in microglia, has recently been shown important in regulating microglial functions. Whether and how HK2 is involved in neuropathic pain-related neuroinflammation remains unknown. Using a HK2-tdTomato reporter line, we found that HK2 was prominently elevated in spinal microglia. Pharmacological inhibition of HK2 effectively alleviated nerve injury-induced acute mechanical pain. However, selective ablation of Hk2 in microglia reduced microgliosis in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) with little analgesic effects. Further analyses showed that nerve injury also significantly induced HK2 expression in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) macrophages. Deletion of Hk2 in myeloid cells, including both DRG macrophages and spinal microglia, led to the alleviation of mechanical pain during the first week after injury, along with attenuated microgliosis in the ipsilateral SDH, macrophage proliferation in DRGs, and suppressed inflammatory responses in DRGs. These data suggest that HK2 plays an important role in regulating neuropathic pain-related immune cell responses at acute phase and that HK2 contributes to neuropathic pain onset primarily through peripheral monocytes and DRG macrophages rather than spinal microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- Spine Lab, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Spine Lab, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelei Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The MOE Frontier Research Center of Brain & Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Run Li
- Spine Lab, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The MOE Frontier Research Center of Brain & Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Spine Lab, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Chen J, Li G, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Research progress of hexokinase 2 in inflammatory-related diseases and its inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:115986. [PMID: 38011767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is a crucial enzyme involved in glycolysis, which converts glucose into glucose-6-phosphate and plays a significant role in glucose metabolism. HK2 can mediate glycolysis, which is linked to the release of inflammatory factors. The over-expression of HK2 increases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, exacerbating the inflammatory reaction. Consequently, HK2 is closely linked to various inflammatory-related diseases affecting multiple systems, including the digestive, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, reproductive systems, as well as rheumatoid arthritis. HK2 is regarded as a novel therapeutic target for inflammatory-related diseases, and this article provides a comprehensive review of its roles in these conditions. Furthermore, the development of potent HK2 inhibitors has garnered significant attention in recent years. Therefore, this review also presents a summary of potential HK2 inhibitors, offering promising prospects for the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guirong Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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12
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Hirose M, Sekar P, Eladham MWA, Albataineh MT, Rahmani M, Ibrahim SM. Interaction between mitochondria and microbiota modulating cellular metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1513-1526. [PMID: 37819377 PMCID: PMC10698103 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a prototypic complex disease in the gastrointestinal tract that has been increasing in incidence and prevalence in recent decades. Although the precise pathophysiology of IBD remains to be elucidated, a large body of evidence suggests the critical roles of mitochondria and intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD. In addition to their contributions to the disease, both mitochondria and gut microbes may interact with each other and modulate disease-causing cell activities. Therefore, we hypothesize that dissecting this unique interaction may help to identify novel pathways involved in IBD, which will further contribute to discovering new therapeutic approaches to the disease. As poorly treated IBD significantly affects the quality of life of patients and is associated with risks and complications, successful treatment is crucial. In this review, we stratify previously reported experimental and clinical observations of the role of mitochondria and intestinal microbiota in IBD. Additionally, we review the intercommunication between mitochondria, and the intestinal microbiome in patients with IBD is reviewed along with the potential mediators for these interactions. We specifically focus on their roles in cellular metabolism in intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells. To this end, we propose a potential therapeutic intervention strategy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Priyadharshini Sekar
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, RIMHS, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohammad T Albataineh
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Rahmani
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh Mohamed Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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13
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Abstract
With the emphasis on intestinal health, probiotics have exploded into a vast market potential. However, new scientific evidence points out that the beneficial health benefits of probiotics are not necessarily directly related to viable bacteria. However, the metabolites or bacterial components of the live bacteria are the driving force behind health promotion. Therefore, scientists gradually noticed that the beneficial effects of probiotics are based on bacteria itself, metabolites, or cell lysates, and these factors are officially named "postbiotics" by the ISAPP. Postbiotic components are diverse and outperform live probiotics in terms of technology, safety, and cost due to their good absorption, metabolism, and organismal distribution. Postbiotics have been shown to have bioactivities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulation. Moreover, numerous studies have revealed the significant potential of postbiotics for disease treatment. This paper first presents the production and classification of postbiotics with examples from lactic acid bacteria (LAB), followed by the mechanisms of action with the most recent pre-clinical and clinical studies and the wide range of non-clinical and clinical applications of postbiotics. Furthermore, the current and future prospects of the postbiotic market with commercial available products are discussed. Finally, we comment on the knowledge gaps and future clinical applications with several examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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14
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Starke S, Harris DMM, Zimmermann J, Schuchardt S, Oumari M, Frank D, Bang C, Rosenstiel P, Schreiber S, Frey N, Franke A, Aden K, Waschina S. Amino acid auxotrophies in human gut bacteria are linked to higher microbiome diversity and long-term stability. ISME J 2023; 17:2370-2380. [PMID: 37891427 PMCID: PMC10689445 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01537-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Amino acid auxotrophies are prevalent among bacteria. They can govern ecological dynamics in microbial communities and indicate metabolic cross-feeding interactions among coexisting genotypes. Despite the ecological importance of auxotrophies, their distribution and impact on the diversity and function of the human gut microbiome remain poorly understood. This study performed the first systematic analysis of the distribution of amino acid auxotrophies in the human gut microbiome using a combined metabolomic, metagenomic, and metabolic modeling approach. Results showed that amino acid auxotrophies are ubiquitous in the colon microbiome, with tryptophan auxotrophy being the most common. Auxotrophy frequencies were higher for those amino acids that are also essential to the human host. Moreover, a higher overall abundance of auxotrophies was associated with greater microbiome diversity and stability, and the distribution of auxotrophs was found to be related to the human host's metabolome, including trimethylamine oxide, small aromatic acids, and secondary bile acids. Thus, our results suggest that amino acid auxotrophies are important factors contributing to microbiome ecology and host-microbiome metabolic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Starke
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Nutriinformatics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Danielle M M Harris
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Nutriinformatics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Zoological Institute, Research Group Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Sven Schuchardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hanover, Germany
| | - Mhmd Oumari
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Derk Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Silvio Waschina
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Nutriinformatics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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15
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Codocedo JF, Mera-Reina C, Lin PBC, Puntambekar SS, Casali BT, Jury N, Martinez P, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Landreth GE. Therapeutic targeting of immunometabolism in Alzheimer's disease reveals a critical reliance on Hexokinase 2 dosage on microglial activation and disease progression. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.11.566270. [PMID: 38014106 PMCID: PMC10680613 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.11.566270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Microgliosis and neuroinflammation are prominent features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Disease-responsive microglia meet their increased energy demand by reprogramming metabolism, specifically, switching to favor glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, targeting of microglial immunometabolism might be of therapeutic benefit for treating AD, providing novel and often well understood immune pathways and their newly recognized actions in AD. We report that in the brains of 5xFAD mice and postmortem brains of AD patients, we found a significant increase in the levels of Hexokinase 2 (HK2), an enzyme that supports inflammatory responses by rapidly increasing glycolysis. Moreover, binding of HK2 to mitochondria has been reported to regulate inflammation by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting that its inflammatory role extends beyond its glycolytic activity. Here we report, that HK2 antagonism selectively affects microglial phenotypes and disease progression in a gene-dose dependent manner. Paradoxically, complete loss of HK2 fails to improve AD progression by exacerbating inflammasome activity while its haploinsufficiency results in reduced pathology and improved cognition in the 5XFAD mice. We propose that the partial antagonism of HK2, is effective in slowed disease progression and inflammation through a non-metabolic mechanism associated with the modulation of NFKβ signaling, through its cytosolic target IKBα. The complete loss of HK2 affects additional inflammatory mechanisms associated to mitochondrial dysfunction. Highlights Hexokinase 2, the first and rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, is specifically upregulated in plaque-associated microglia of AD mice models and in the postmortem cortex of human AD patients.Microglia haploinsufficient in HK2 exhibit reduced amyloid burden and inflammation as well as improved cognition in a mouse model of AD. Paradoxically, the complete loss of HK2 results in opposite effects, by exacerbating inflammation.Lonidamine, an anticancer drug that inhibits HK2, mimics the salutary effects of HK2 haploinsufficiency in the 5xFAD mice, but only in males during the early stages of disease.HK2 deletion induced mitochondrial dysfunction associated to increased expression of inflammasome elements and IL-1β.HK2 partial antagonism exerts beneficial effects independent of its energetic or mitochondrial role, likely through cytosolic stabilization of IκBα and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, leading to reduced proinflammatory gene expression.
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16
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Li Q, Song H, Li S, Hu P, Zhang C, Zhang J, Feng Z, Kong D, Wang W, Huang P. Macrophage metabolism reprogramming EGCG-Cu coordination capsules delivered in polyzwitterionic hydrogel for burn wound healing and regeneration. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:251-264. [PMID: 37533477 PMCID: PMC10391721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) at severe burn injury sites may promote metabolic reprogramming of macrophages to induce a deteriorative and uncontrolled inflammation cycle, leading to delayed wound healing and regeneration. Here, a novel bioactive, anti-fouling, flexible polyzwitterionic hydrogel encapsulated with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-copper (Cu) capsules (termed as EGCG-Cu@CBgel) is engineered for burn wound management, which is dedicated to synergistically exerting ROS-scavenging, immune metabolic regulation and pro-angiogenic effects. EGCG-Cu@CBgel can scavenge ROS to normalize intracellular redox homeostasis, effectively relieving oxidative damages and blocking proinflammatory signal transduction. Importantly, EGCG-Cu can inhibit the activity of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase, alleviate accumulation of pyruvate and convert it to acetyl coenzyme A (CoA), whereby inhibits glycolysis and normalizes tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Additionally, metabolic reprogramming of macrophages by EGCG-Cu downregulates M1-type polarization and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, copper ions (Cu2+) released from the hydrogel facilitate angiogenesis. EGCG-Cu@CBgel significantly accelerates the healing of severe burn wound via promoting wound closure, weakening tissue-damaging inflammatory responses and enhancing the remodeling of pathological structure. Overall, this study demonstrates the great potential of bioactive hydrogel dressing in treating burn wounds without unnecessary secondary damage to newly formed skin, and highlights the importance of immunometabolism modulation in tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Huijuan Song
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Shuangyang Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Pengbo Hu
- Emergency Department of Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, 256600, China
| | - Chuangnian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zujian Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Pingsheng Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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17
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Luo Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Wu S, Zhao J, Li Y, Kang X, Li Z, Chen J, Shen X, He F, Cheng R. Bifidobacterium infantis and 2'-fucosyllactose supplementation in early life may have potential long-term benefits on gut microbiota, intestinal development, and immune function in mice. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7461-7476. [PMID: 37641283 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of nutritional interventions targeting the gut microbiota in early life are transient, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. This study sought to determine whether supplementation with Bifidobacterium infantis 79 (B79), 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), or both (B79+2'FL) would lead to persistent health benefits in neonatal BALB/c mice. We found that at postnatal day (PND) 21, Ki67 and MUC2 expression increased, while total serum IgE content decreased in the B79, 2'-FL, and B79+2'-FL groups. The gut microbiota structure and composition altered as well. The levels of propionic acid, sIgA, and IL-10 increased in the 2'-FL group. Moreover, butyric acid content increased, while IL-6, IL-12p40, and tumor necrosis factor-α decreased in the B79+2'-FL group. At PND 56, Ki67 and MUC2 expression increased, whereas the gut microbiota remained altered in all 3 groups. The serum total IgG level increased only in the B79+2'-FL group. In conclusion, our study suggests that early-life supplementation with B79, 2'-FL, or their combination persistently alters the gut microbiome and promotes intestinal development; the immunomodulatory capacity of B79 and 2'-FL occurs during weaning, and their combination may persist into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Simou Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Kang
- R&D Center, Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhouyong Li
- R&D Center, Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- R&D Center, Inner Mongolia Meng Niu Dairy Industry (Group) Co. Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China; Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 102600 Beijing, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ruyue Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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18
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Castrillón-Betancur JC, López-Agudelo VA, Sommer N, Cleeves S, Bernardes JP, Weber-Stiehl S, Rosenstiel P, Sommer F. Epithelial Dual Oxidase 2 Shapes the Mucosal Microbiome and Contributes to Inflammatory Susceptibility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1889. [PMID: 37891968 PMCID: PMC10603924 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules formed from diatomic oxygen. They act as cellular signals, exert antibiotic activity towards invading microorganisms, but can also damage host cells. Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) is the main ROS-producing enzyme in the intestine, regulated by cues of the commensal microbiota and functions in pathogen defense. DUOX2 plays multiple roles in different organs and cell types, complicating the functional analysis using systemic deletion models. Here, we interrogate the precise role of epithelial DUOX2 for intestinal homeostasis and host-microbiome interactions. Conditional Duox2∆IEC mice lacking DUOX2, specifically in intestinal epithelial cells, were generated, and their intestinal mucosal immune phenotype and microbiome were analyzed. Inflammatory susceptibility was evaluated by challenging Duox2∆IEC mice in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis model. DUOX2-microbiome interactions in humans were investigated by paired analyses of mucosal DUOX2 expression and fecal microbiome data in patients with intestinal inflammation. Under unchallenged conditions, we did not observe any obvious phenotype of Duox2∆IEC mice, although intestinal epithelial ROS production was drastically decreased, and the mucosal microbiome composition was altered. When challenged with DSS, Duox2∆IEC mice were protected from colitis, possibly by inhibiting ROS-mediated damage and fostering epithelial regenerative responses. Finally, in patients with intestinal inflammation, DUOX2 expression was increased in inflamed tissue, and high DUOX2 levels were linked to a dysbiotic microbiome. Our findings demonstrate that bidirectional DUOX2-microbiome interactions contribute to mucosal homeostasis, and their dysregulation may drive disease development, thus highlighting this axis as a therapeutic target to treat intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Alonso López-Agudelo
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nina Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sven Cleeves
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joana Pimenta Bernardes
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Saskia Weber-Stiehl
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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19
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Yin J, Zhao Z, Huang J, Xiao Y, Rehmutulla M, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Xiang M, Tong Q, Zhang Y. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals intestinal cell heterogeneity and identifies Ep300 as a potential therapeutic target in mice with acute liver failure. Cell Discov 2023; 9:77. [PMID: 37488127 PMCID: PMC10366100 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe life-threatening disease associated with the disorder of the gut-liver axis. However, the cellular characteristics of ALF in the gut and related therapeutic targets remain unexplored. Here, we utilized the D-GALN/LPS (D/L)-induced ALF model to characterize 33,216 single-cell transcriptomes and define a mouse ALF intestinal cellular atlas. We found that unique, previously uncharacterized intestinal immune cells, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, are responsive to ALF, and we identified the transcriptional profiles of these subsets during ALF. We also delineated the heterogeneity of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and found that ALF-induced cell cycle arrest in intestinal stem cells and activated specific enterocyte and goblet cell clusters. Notably, the most significantly altered IECs, including enterocytes, intestinal stem cells and goblet cells, had similar activation patterns closely associated with inflammation from intestinal immune activation. Furthermore, our results unveiled a common Ep300-dependent transcriptional program that coordinates IEC activation during ALF, which was confirmed to be universal in different ALF models. Pharmacological inhibition of Ep300 with an inhibitor (SGC-CBP30) inhibited this cell-specific program, confirming that Ep300 is an effective target for alleviating ALF. Mechanistically, Ep300 inhibition restrained inflammation and oxidative stress in the dysregulated cluster of IECs through the P38-JNK pathway and corrected intestinal ecology by regulating intestinal microbial composition and metabolism, thereby protecting IECs and attenuating ALF. These findings confirm that Ep300 is a novel therapeutic target in ALF and pave the way for future pathophysiological studies on ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ziming Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianzheng Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mewlude Rehmutulla
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Biqiong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyi Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Sang R, Fan R, Deng A, Gou J, Lin R, Zhao T, Hai Y, Song J, Liu Y, Qi B, Du G, Cheng M, Wei G. Degradation of Hexokinase 2 Blocks Glycolysis and Induces GSDME-Dependent Pyroptosis to Amplify Immunogenic Cell Death for Breast Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37376788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is the principal rate-limiting enzyme in the aerobic glycolysis pathway and determines the quantity of glucose entering glycolysis. However, the current HK2 inhibitors have poor activity, so we used proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology to design and synthesize novel HK2 degraders. Among them, C-02 has the best activity to degrade HK2 protein and inhibit breast cancer cells. It is demonstrated that C-02 could block glycolysis, cause mitochondrial damage, and then induce GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. Furthermore, pyroptosis induces cell immunogenic death (ICD) and activates antitumor immunity, thus improving antitumor immunotherapy in vitro and in vivo. These findings show that the degradation of HK2 can effectively inhibit the aerobic metabolism of breast cancer cells, thereby inhibiting their malignant proliferation and reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Sang
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Renming Fan
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Aohua Deng
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Jiakui Gou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ruizhuo Lin
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongrui Hai
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Junke Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bing Qi
- Institute of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Gaofei Wei
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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21
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Iqbal MA, Hadlich F, Reyer H, Oster M, Trakooljul N, Murani E, Perdomo‐Sabogal A, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. RNA-Seq-based discovery of genetic variants and allele-specific expression of two layer lines and broiler chicken. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1135-1153. [PMID: 37360029 PMCID: PMC10286233 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the selective breeding of broilers and layers have made poultry production one of the fastest-growing industries. In this study, a transcriptome variant calling approach from RNA-seq data was used to determine population diversity between broilers and layers. In total, 200 individuals were analyzed from three different chicken populations (Lohmann Brown (LB), n = 90), Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL, n = 89), and Broiler (BR, n = 21). The raw RNA-sequencing reads were pre-processed, quality control checked, mapped to the reference genome, and made compatible with Genome Analysis ToolKit for variant detection. Subsequently, pairwise fixation index (F ST) analysis was performed between broilers and layers. Numerous candidate genes were identified, that were associated with growth, development, metabolism, immunity, and other economically significant traits. Finally, allele-specific expression (ASE) analysis was performed in the gut mucosa of LB and LSL strains at 10, 16, 24, 30, and 60 weeks of age. At different ages, the two-layer strains showed significantly different allele-specific expressions in the gut mucosa, and changes in allelic imbalance were observed across the entire lifespan. Most ASE genes are involved in energy metabolism, including sirtuin signaling pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. A high number of ASE genes were found during the peak of laying, which were particularly enriched in cholesterol biosynthesis. These findings indicate that genetic architecture as well as biological processes driving particular demands relate to metabolic and nutritional requirements during the laying period shape allelic heterogeneity. These processes are considerably affected by breeding and management, whereby elucidating allele-specific gene regulation is an essential step towards deciphering the genotype to phenotype map or functional diversity between the chicken populations. Additionally, we observed that several genes showing significant allelic imbalance also colocalized with the top 1% of genes identified by the FST approach, suggesting a fixation of genes in cis-regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frieder Hadlich
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Henry Reyer
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Michael Oster
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Eduard Murani
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | | | - Klaus Wimmers
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity RostockRostockGermany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
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Li D, Yang L, Wang W, Song C, Xiong R, Pan S, Li N, Geng Q. Eriocitrin attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury in mice by regulating MKP1/MAPK pathway mediated-glycolysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110021. [PMID: 36966548 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been shown to aggravate sepsis-induced acute lung injury. In particular, enhanced glycolysis is closely associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Eriocitrin (ERI) is a natural flavonoid found in citrus fruit that exhibits various pharmacological activities, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor properties. However, the role of ERI in lung injury is not well understood. We established a septic mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for induction. Primary peritoneal macrophages were isolated to verify the relevant molecular mechanism. Tissues were assessed for lung pathology, pro-inflammatory cytokines, markers of oxidative stress, and protein and mRNA expression levels. In vivo experiments showed that ERI effectively alleviated LPS-induced pathological injury, suppress the inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels) and decreased oxidative stress (MDA, ROS) in murine lung tissue. In vitro, ERI increased the resistance of LPS-treated cells to excessive inflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting the enhancement of glycolysis (indicated by expression levels of HIF-1α, HK2, LDHA, PFKFB3, and PKM2). Specifically, the beneficial effects of ERI following LPS-induced lung injury occurred through promoting the expression of MKP1, which mediates the inactivation of the MAPK pathway to inhibit enhanced glycolysis. These results demonstrate that ERI has a protective effect on sepsis-induced ALI by regulating MKP1/MAPK pathway mediated-glycolysis. Hence, ERI is a promising candidate against ALI via inhibiting glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Congkuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Shize Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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23
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Wang J, Lou Y, Ma D, Feng K, Chen C, Zhao L, Xing D. Co-treatment with free nitrous acid and calcium peroxide regulates microbiome and metabolic functions of acidogenesis and methanogenesis in sludge anaerobic digestion. Sci Total Environ 2023; 870:161924. [PMID: 36736410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wasted activated sludge (WAS) is a promising feedstock for carbon management because of its abundance and carbon-neutral features. Currently, the goal is to maximize the energy in WAS and avoid secondary toxic effects or accumulation of harmful substances in the environment. Chemical pretreatment is an effective strategy for enhancing WAS disintegration and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the role of pretreatment in shaping the core microbiome and functional metabolism of anaerobic microorganisms remains obscure. Here, the mechanisms of SCFA synthesis and microbiome response to free nitrous acid (FNA) and calcium peroxide (CaO2) co-treatment during sludge anaerobic digestion (AD) were investigated. The combination of FNA and CaO2 enriched acidogenic Macellibacteroides, Petrimonas, and Sedimentibacter to a relative abundance of 15.0%, 10.3%, and 7.3%, respectively, resulting in an apparent increase in SCFA production. Metagenome analysis indicated that FNA + CaO2 co-treatment facilitated glycolysis, phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, amino acid metabolism, and acetate transport, but inhibited CO2 reduction and common pathway of methanogenesis compared with the untreated control. This work provides theoretical insights into the functional activity and interaction of microorganisms with ecological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yu Lou
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dongmei Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Feng
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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24
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Varga A, Makszin L, Bufa A, Sipos D, Kása P, Pál S, Rosenstiel P, Sommer F, Kocsis B, Péterfi Z. Efficacy of lyophilised bacteria-rich faecal sediment and supernatant with reduced bacterial count for treating patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection - A novel method for capsule faecal microbiota transfer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1041384. [PMID: 36756616 PMCID: PMC9899802 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1041384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) has managed to earn its place in the Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) guidelines by having comparable efficacy and recurrence rate of fidaxomicin. After more than 100 successful FMT administration through nasogastric tube, we started using hard gelatine capsules filled with lyophilised faecal sediment and supernatant. Our main question was whether uncoated capsules (containing faecal sediment or supernatant) are comparable to the widely used nasogastric tubes in CDI. We also investigated the effect of storage and time on the survival rate of bacteria in the samples. Methods We compared the efficacy of our capsules to other treatment options of CDI at the Department of Infectology at the University of Pécs (Hungary). For our study, stool was collected from a single donor. We treated 10 patients with relapsing CDI, 5 of them received supernatant, 5 received sediment. Donor samples were stored on 4 different temperatures and tested to determine the survival rates of bacteria. As pilot projects, we also assessed the changes of bacterial taxa, protein- and lipid compositions. Moreover, we selected 4 patients to compare their samples prior and after FMT by using microbiome (16S amplicon sequencing), protein, and lipid analyses. Results 4 out of the 5 patients who received supernatant became symptomless within 2 days after FMT. In the sediment group 3 out of 5 patients were cured from CDI. Comparing the supernatant to the sediment, we found significantly lower number of colony-forming units in the supernatant. We found that -80°C is the most suitable temperature to store the samples. The stool lipid profiles of recipients showed a more diverse composition after FMT, and changes in the stool protein profiles were observed as well. In the microbiome analysis, we observed an increase in the alpha diversity after FMT. Conclusions Our study of 10 patients showed good efficacy of lyophilised faecal supernatant using capsules. The single donor approach proved to be effective in our investigation. A significantly lower CFU number was sufficient for the effect, the separation can be achieved by widely available instruments. For storage temperature, -20°C was sufficient in our clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adorján Varga
- 1stDepartment of Internal Medicine - Department of Infectology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lilla Makszin
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Bufa
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dávid Sipos
- 1stDepartment of Internal Medicine - Department of Infectology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Kása
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Pál
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Béla Kocsis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Péterfi
- 1stDepartment of Internal Medicine - Department of Infectology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
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Yang H, Cui Y, Zhu Y. Comprehensive analysis reveals signal and molecular mechanism of mitochondrial energy metabolism pathway in pancreatic cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1117145. [PMID: 36814901 PMCID: PMC9939759 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1117145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PAAD) is one of the most malignant tumors with the worst prognosis. The abnormalities in the mitochondrial energy metabolism pathway are intimately correlated with the occurrence and progression of cancer. For the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer, abnormal genes in the mitochondrial energy metabolism system may offer new targets and biomarkers. In this study, we compared the dysregulated mitochondrial energy metabolism-associated pathways in PAAD based on pancreatic cancer samples in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and normal pancreas samples from the Genotype Tissue Expression project (GTEx) database. Then identified 32 core genes of mitochondrial energy metabolism pathway-related genes (MMRG) were based on the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We found most of these genes were altered among different clinical characteristic groups, and showed significant prognostic value and association with immune infiltration, suggesting critical roles of MMRG involve tumor genesis of PAAD. Therefore, we constructed a four-gene (LDHA, ALDH3B1, ALDH3A1, and ADH6) prognostic biomarker after eliminating redundant factors, and confirming its efficiency and independence. Further analysis indicated the potential therapeutic compounds based on the mitochondrial energy metabolism-associated prognostic biomarker. All of the above analyses dissected the critical role of mitochondrial energy metabolism signaling in pancreatic cancer and gave a better understanding of the clinical intervention of PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Ye Cui
- Beijing GAP BioTechnology, Beijing, China
| | - YuMing Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: YuMing Zhu,
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26
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Abstract
Glucose metabolism is indispensable for cell growth and survival. Hexokinases play pivotal roles in glucose metabolism through canonical functions of hexokinases as well as in immune response, cell stemness, autophagy, and other cellular activities through noncanonical functions. The aberrant regulation of hexokinases contributes to the development and progression of pathologies, including cancer and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoming Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhimin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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27
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Wu J, Yu C, Shen S, Ren Y, Cheng H, Xiao H, Liu D, Chen S, Ye X, Chen J. RGI-Type Pectic Polysaccharides Modulate Gut Microbiota in a Molecular Weight-Dependent Manner In Vitro. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:2160-2172. [PMID: 36648986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the fermentation characteristics of high rhamnogalacturonan I pectic polysaccharides (RGI) and free-radical degraded RGI (DRGI) were evaluated by a human fecal batch-fermentation model, and their structural properties were also investigated. As a result, the Mw of RGI decreased from 246.8 to 11.6 kDa, and the branches were broken dramatically. Fermentation showed that RGI degraded faster and produced more acetate and propionate than DRGI. Both of them reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and promoted the development of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus, bringing benefits to the gut ecosystem. However, the composition and metabolic pathways of the microbiota in RGI and DRGI were different. Most of the dominant bacteria of RGI (such as [Eubacterium]_eligens_group) participated in carbohydrate utilization, leading to better performance in glucolipid metabolism and energy metabolism. This work elucidated that large molecular weight matters in the gut microbiota modulatory effect of RGI-type pectic polysaccharides in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiong Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Chengxiao Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Sihuan Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Yanming Ren
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jianle Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Innovation Center, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- NingboTech University, Ningbo315100, China
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Li C, Zhou Y, Wei R, Napier DL, Sengoku T, Alstott MC, Liu J, Wang C, Zaytseva YY, Weiss HL, Wang Q, Evers BM. Glycolytic Regulation of Intestinal Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:931-947. [PMID: 36584817 PMCID: PMC9971054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The intestinal mucosa undergoes a continual process of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. An imbalance in this highly regimented process within the intestinal crypts is associated with several intestinal pathologies. Although metabolic changes are known to play a pivotal role in cell proliferation and differentiation, how glycolysis contributes to intestinal epithelial homeostasis remains to be defined. METHODS Small intestines were harvested from mice with specific hexokinase 2 (HK2) deletion in the intestinal epithelium or LGR5+ stem cells. Glycolysis was measured using the Seahorse XFe96 analyzer. Expression of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, the transcription factor atonal homolog 1, and intestinal cell differentiation markers lysozyme, mucin 2, and chromogranin A were determined by Western blot, quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, or immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS HK2 is a target gene of Wnt signaling in intestinal epithelium. HK2 knockout or inhibition of glycolysis resulted in increased numbers of Paneth, goblet, and enteroendocrine cells and decreased intestinal stem cell self-renewal. Mechanistically, HK2 knockout resulted in activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and increased expression of ATOH1; inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling attenuated the phenotypes induced by HK2 knockout in intestinal organoids. HK2 knockout significantly decreased glycolysis and lactate production in intestinal organoids; supplementation of lactate or pyruvate reversed the phenotypes induced by HK2 knockout. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that HK2 regulates intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/atonal homolog 1 signaling pathway. Our findings demonstrate an essential role for glycolysis in maintenance of intestinal stem cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yuning Zhou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ruozheng Wei
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Dana L Napier
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Tomoko Sengoku
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Jinpeng Liu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yekaterina Y Zaytseva
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Heidi L Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Qingding Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
| | - B Mark Evers
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
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Shi J, Wang Y, Cheng L, Wang J, Raghavan V. Gut microbiome modulation by probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics: a novel strategy in food allergy prevention and treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36576159 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2160962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy has caused lots of global public health issues, particularly in developed countries. Presently, gut microbiota has been widely studied on allergy, while the role of dysbiosis in food allergy remains unknown. Scientists found that changes in gut microbial compositions and functions are strongly associated with a dramatic increase in the prevalence of food allergy. Altering microbial composition is crucial in modulating food antigens' immunogenicity. Thus, the potential roles of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics in affecting gut bacteria communities and the immune system, as innovative strategies against food allergy, begins to attract high attention of scientists. This review briefly summarized the mechanisms of food allergy and discussed the role of the gut microbiota and the use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics as novel therapies for the prevention and treatment of food allergy. The perspective studies on the development of novel immunotherapy in food allergy were also described. A better understanding of these mechanisms will facilitate the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Youfa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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30
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Liang B, Wu C, Wang C, Sun W, Chen W, Hu X, Liu N, Xing D. New insights into bacterial mechanisms and potential intestinal epithelial cell therapeutic targets of inflammatory bowel disease. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1065608. [PMID: 36590401 PMCID: PMC9802581 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1065608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased rapidly in recent years, but its exact etiology remains unclear. In the past decade, IBD has been reported to be associated with dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Although not yet proven to be a cause or consequence of IBD, the common hypothesis is that at least some alterations in the microbiome are protective or pathogenic. Furthermore, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) serve as a protective physical barrier for gut microbiota, essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and actively contributes to the mucosal immune system. Thus, dysregulation within the intestinal epithelium increases intestinal permeability, promotes the entry of bacteria, toxins, and macromolecules, and disrupts intestinal immune homeostasis, all of which are associated with the clinical course of IBD. This article presents a selective overview of recent studies on bacterial mechanisms that may be protective or promotive of IBD in biological models. Moreover, we summarize and discuss the recent discovery of key modulators and signaling pathways in the IECs that could serve as potential IBD therapeutic targets. Understanding the role of the IECs in the pathogenesis of IBD may help improve the understanding of the inflammatory process and the identification of potential therapeutic targets to help ameliorate this increasingly common disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Intervention Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,*Correspondence: Ning Liu, ; Dongming Xing,
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ning Liu, ; Dongming Xing,
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Duan L. The role of microbiota-mitochondria crosstalk in pathogenesis and therapy of intestinal diseases. Pharmacol Res 2022; 186:106530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hu Y, Cao K, Wang F, Wu W, Mai W, Qiu L, Luo Y, Ge WP, Sun B, Shi L, Zhu J, Zhang J, Wu Z, Xie Y, Duan S, Gao Z. Dual roles of hexokinase 2 in shaping microglial function by gating glycolytic flux and mitochondrial activity. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1756-1774. [PMID: 36536134 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00707-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microglia continuously survey the brain parenchyma and actively shift status following stimulation. These processes demand a unique bioenergetic programme; however, little is known about the metabolic determinants in microglia. By mining large datasets and generating transgenic tools, here we show that hexokinase 2 (HK2), the most active isozyme associated with mitochondrial membrane, is selectively expressed in microglia in the brain. Genetic ablation of HK2 reduced microglial glycolytic flux and energy production, suppressed microglial repopulation, and attenuated microglial surveillance and damage-triggered migration in male mice. HK2 elevation is prominent in immune-challenged or disease-associated microglia. In ischaemic stroke models, however, HK2 deletion promoted neuroinflammation and potentiated cerebral damages. The enhanced inflammatory responses after HK2 ablation in microglia are associated with aberrant mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Our study demonstrates that HK2 gates both glycolytic flux and mitochondrial activity to shape microglial functions, changes of which contribute to metabolic abnormalities and maladaptive inflammation in brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelei Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiying Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihao Mai
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyao Qiu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Luo
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Woo-Ping Ge
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Binggui Sun
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ligen Shi
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Wu
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Xie
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhihua Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Abstract
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, phenotypically comprising a spectrum of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), spread globally during the westernization of lifestyle and dietary habits over the past few decades. Here, we review experimental and clinical evidence for the metabolic nature of gut inflammation in IBD and delineate distinct parallels to the inflammatory state in metabolic diseases. Experimental evidence indicates that excessive intake of specific macronutrients in a Western diet fuels an inflammatory response in the gut by exploiting sensors of innate immunity and perturbation of gut microbial metabolism. Genetic IBD risk partly affects metabolism and stress signalling of innate immunity, and immunometabolism controls susceptibility to gut inflammation. Epidemiological and clinical studies indicate that specific nutrients in the Western diet pose a risk for the development of IBD and a poor disease course. Translational studies in IBD indicate perturbation of energy metabolism in immune cells and perturbation of gut microbial metabolism, which can be shaped by diet. In turn, dietary restriction by exclusive enteral nutrition induces remission in patients with IBD. Collectively, these studies support a metabolic underpinning of gut inflammation in IBD as described for metabolic inflammation in obesity and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julian Schwärzler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Grabherr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Stojanović O, Miguel-Aliaga I, Trajkovski M. Intestinal plasticity and metabolism as regulators of organismal energy homeostasis. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1444-1458. [PMID: 36396854 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00679-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The small intestine displays marked anatomical and functional plasticity that includes adaptive alterations in adult gut morphology, enteroendocrine cell profile and their hormone secretion, as well as nutrient utilization and storage. In this Perspective, we examine how shifts in dietary and environmental conditions bring about changes in gut size, and describe how the intestine adapts to changes in internal state, bowel resection and gastric bypass surgery. We highlight the critical importance of these intestinal remodelling processes in maintaining energy balance of the organism, and in protecting the metabolism of other organs. The intestinal resizing is supported by changes in the microbiota composition, and by activation of carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism, which govern the intestinal stem cell proliferation, intestinal cell fate, as well as survivability of differentiated epithelial cells. The discovery that intestinal remodelling is part of the normal physiological adaptation to various triggers, and the potential for harnessing the reversible gut plasticity, in our view, holds extraordinary promise for developing therapeutic approaches against metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozren Stojanović
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Medical Universitaire (CMU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Irene Miguel-Aliaga
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Mirko Trajkovski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Medical Universitaire (CMU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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35
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Codocedo JF, Landreth GE. The intersection of metabolism and inflammation is governed by the intracellular topology of hexokinases and the metabolic fate of glucose. Immunometabolism (Cobham) 2022; 4:e00011. [PMID: 36337735 DOI: 10.1097/IN9.0000000000000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Hexokinases (HKs) catalyze the first and irreversible step of glucose metabolism. Its product, glucose-6-phosphate (G-6P) serves as a precursor for catabolic processes like glycolysis for adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) production and anabolic pathways including the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) for the generation of intermediaries like nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and ribulose-5-P. Thus, the cellular fate of glucose is important not only for growth and maintenance, but also to determine different cellular activities. Studies in immune cells have demonstrated an intimate linkage between metabolic pathways and inflammation, however the precise molecular mechanisms that determine the cellular fate of glucose during inflammation or aging are not completely understood. Here we discuss a study by De Jesus et al that describes the role of HK1 cytosolic localization as a critical regulator of glucose flux by shunting glucose into the PPP at the expense of glycolysis, exacerbating the inflammatory response of macrophages. The authors convincingly demonstrate a novel mechanism that is independent of its mitochondrial functions, but involve the association to a protein complex that inhibits glycolysis at the level of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. We expand the discussion by comparing previous studies related to the HK2 isoform and how cells have evolved to regulate the mitochondrial association of these two isoforms by non-redundant mechanism.
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36
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Weber-Stiehl S, Järke L, Castrillón-Betancur JC, Gilbert F, Sommer F. Mitochondrial Function and Microbial Metabolites as Central Regulators of Intestinal Immune Responses and Cancer. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:919424. [PMID: 35847099 PMCID: PMC9277123 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy and anabolic metabolism are essential for normal cellular homeostasis but also play an important role in regulating immune responses and cancer development as active immune and cancer cells show an altered metabolic profile. Mitochondria take a prominent position in these metabolic reactions. First, most key energetic reactions take place within or in conjunction with mitochondria. Second, mitochondria react to internal cues from within the cell but also to external cues originating from the microbiota, a vast diversity of associated microorganisms. The impact of the microbiota on host physiology has been largely investigated in the last decade revealing that the microbiota contributes to the extraction of calories from the diet, energy metabolism, maturation of the immune system and cellular differentiation. Thus, changes in the microbiota termed dysbiosis have been associated with disease development including metabolic diseases, inflammation and cancer. Targeting the microbiota to modulate interactions with the mitochondria and cellular metabolism to delay or inhibit disease development and pathogenesis appears an attractive therapeutic approach. Here, we summarize recent advances in developing the therapeutic potential of microbiota-mitochondria interactions for inflammation and cancer.
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Qiao Z, Wang X, Wang C, Han J, Qi W, Zhang H, Liu Z, You C. Lactobacillus paracasei BD5115-Derived 2-Hydroxy-3-Methylbutyric Acid Promotes Intestinal Epithelial Cells Proliferation by Upregulating the MYC Signaling Pathway. Front Nutr 2022; 9:799053. [PMID: 35369066 PMCID: PMC8968858 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.799053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites of probiotics that are beneficial to human health have been isolated from the intestinal tract and natural dairy products. However, many studies on probiotics and prebiotics are limited to the observation of human cohorts and animal phenotypes. The molecular mechanisms by which metabolites of probiotics regulate health are still need further exploration. In this work, we isolated a strain of Lactobacillus Paracasei from human milk samples. We numbered it as Lactobacillus Paracasei BD5115. The mouse model of high-fat diet confirmed that the metabolites of this strain also promotes intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) proliferation. Single-cell sequencing showed that a bZIP transcription factor MAFF was specifically expressed in some IECs. We found that MAFF interacted with MBP1 to regulate the expression of MYC. Analysis of the active components in BD5115 metabolites confirmed that 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid promotes the expression of the MYC gene. This promotes the proliferation of IECs. Our findings indicate that 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid regulate MYC gene expression mediated by MAFF/MBP1 interaction. This study not only screened a strain with promoted IECs proliferation, but also discovered a new signal pathway that regulates MYC gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Postdoctoral Workstation of Bright Dairy–Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanchang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chunping You
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chunping You
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Zhou A, Yuan Y, Yang M, Huang Y, Li X, Li S, Yang S, Tang B. Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiota and Epithelial Cells Under Physiological and Infectious Conditions. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:832672. [PMID: 35155283 PMCID: PMC8829037 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.832672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is considered the largest immunological organ, with a diverse gut microbiota, that contributes to combatting pathogens and maintaining human health. Under physiological conditions, the crosstalk between gut microbiota and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) plays a crucial role in GIT homeostasis. Gut microbiota and derived metabolites can compromise gut barrier integrity by activating some signaling pathways in IECs. Conversely, IECs can separate the gut microbiota from the host immune cells to avoid an excessive immune response and regulate the composition of the gut microbiota by providing an alternative energy source and releasing some molecules, such as hormones and mucus. Infections by various pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, can disturb the diversity of the gut microbiota and influence the structure and metabolism of IECs. However, the interaction between gut microbiota and IECs during infection is still not clear. In this review, we will focus on the existing evidence to elucidate the crosstalk between gut microbiota and IECs during infection and discuss some potential therapeutic methods, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and dietary fiber. Understanding the role of crosstalk during infection may help us to establish novel strategies for prevention and treatment in patients with infectious diseases, such as C. difficile infection, HIV, and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Institution of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujiao Huang
- The First Clinical College, ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengpeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Shiming Yang, ; Bo Tang,
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Shiming Yang, ; Bo Tang,
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Zaurito AE, Tschurtschenthaler M. Microenvironmental Metabolites in the Intestine: Messengers between Health and Disease. Metabolites 2022; 12:46. [PMID: 35050167 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa is a highly absorptive organ and simultaneously constitutes the physical barrier between the host and a complex outer ecosystem. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) represent a special node that receives signals from the host and the environment and translates them into corresponding responses. Specific molecular communication systems such as metabolites are known to transmit information across the intestinal boundary. The gut microbiota or food-derived metabolites are extrinsic factors that influence the homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium, while mitochondrial and host-derived cellular metabolites determine the identity, fitness, and regenerative capacity of IECs. Little is known, however, about the role of intrinsic and extrinsic metabolites of IECs in the initiation and progression of pathological processes such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer as well as about their impact on intestinal immunity. In this review, we will highlight the most recent contributions on the modulatory effects of intestinal metabolites in gut pathophysiology, with a particular focus on metabolites in promoting intestinal inflammation or colorectal tumorigenesis. In addition, we will provide a perspective on the role of newly identified oncometabolites from the commensal and opportunistic microbiota in shaping response and resistance to antitumor therapy.
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