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Delfan M, Saeidi A, Supriya R, Escobar KA, Laher I, Heinrich KM, Weiss K, Knechtle B, Zouhal H. Enhancing cardiometabolic health: unveiling the synergistic effects of high-intensity interval training with spirulina supplementation on selected adipokines, insulin resistance, and anthropometric indices in obese males. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:11. [PMID: 38454429 PMCID: PMC10921712 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00785-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the combined effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and spirulina supplementation on adipokine levels, insulin resistance, anthropometric indices, and cardiorespiratory fitness in 44 obese males (aged 25-40 years). The participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (CG), supplement (SG), training (TG), or training plus supplement (TSG). The intervention involved daily administration of either spirulina or a placebo and HIIT three times a week for the training groups. Anthropometric indices, HOMA-IR, VO2peak, and circulating adipokines (asprosin and lipocalin2, omentin-1, irisin, and spexin) were measured before and after the 12-week intervention. Post-intervention analysis indicated differences between the CG and the three interventional groups for body weight, fat-free mass (FFM), percent body fat (%BF), HOMA-IR, and adipokine levels (p < 0.05). TG and SG participants had increased VO2peak (p < 0.05). Spirulina supplementation with HIIT increased VO2peak, omentin-1, irisin, and spexin, while causing decreases in lipocalin-2 and asprosin levels and improvements in body composition (weight, %fat), BMI, and HOMA-IR. Notably, the combination of spirulina and HIIT produced more significant changes in circulating adipokines and cardiometabolic health in obese males compared to either supplementation or HIIT alone (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the synergistic benefits of combining spirulina supplementation with HIIT, showcasing their potential in improving various health parameters and addressing obesity-related concerns in a comprehensive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Delfan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Rashmi Supriya
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, SPEH, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kurt A Escobar
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Katie M Heinrich
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Katja Weiss
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, Vadianstrasse 26, St. Gallen, 9001, Switzerland.
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Univ Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Rennes, Santé, EA 1274, F-35000, France.
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, 35850, France.
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Chen S, Yuan W, Huang Q, Xiong X, Wang C, Zeng W, Wang L, Huang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Huang Q. Asprosin contributes to pathogenesis of obesity by adipocyte mitophagy induction to inhibit white adipose browning in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01495-6. [PMID: 38374247 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asprosin (ASP) is a newly discovered adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT), which can regulate the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, it is not clear whether it can regulate the browning of WAT and mitophagy during the browning process. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of ASP on the browning of WAT and mitophagy in vivo and in vitro. METHODS In in vivo experiments, some mouse models were used including adipose tissue ASP-specific deficiency (ASP-/-), high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and white adipose browning; in in vitro experiments, some cell models were also established and used, including ASP-deficient 3T3-L1 preadipocyte (ASP-/-) and CL-316243 (CL, 1 µM)-induced browning. Based on these models, the browning of WAT and mitophagy were evaluated by morphology, functionality and molecular markers. RESULTS Our in vivo data show that adipose tissue-specific deletion of ASP contributes to weight loss in mice; supplementation of ASP inhibits the expressions of browning-related proteins including UCP1, PRDM16 and PGC1ɑ during the cold exposure-induced browning, and promotes the expressions of mitophagy-related proteins including PINK1 and Parkin under the conditions of whether normal diet (ND) or HFD. Similarly, our in vitro data also show that the deletion of ASP in 3T3-L1 cells significantly increases the expressions of the browning-related proteins and decreases the expressions of the mitophagy-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that ASP deletion can facilitate the browning and inhibit mitophagy in WAT. The findings will lay an experimental foundation for the development of new drugs targeting ASP and the clinical treatment of metabolic diseases related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wanwan Yuan
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xiong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chaowen Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Zeng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yeyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiren Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P.R. China.
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by tissue-specific insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which result from the interplay of local abnormalities within different tissues and systemic dysregulation of tissue crosstalk. The main local mechanisms comprise metabolic (lipid) signalling, altered mitochondrial metabolism with oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and local inflammation. While the role of endocrine dysregulation in T2DM pathogenesis is well established, other forms of inter-organ crosstalk deserve closer investigation to better understand the multifactorial transition from normoglycaemia to hyperglycaemia. This narrative Review addresses the impact of certain tissue-specific messenger systems, such as metabolites, peptides and proteins and microRNAs, their secretion patterns and possible alternative transport mechanisms, such as extracellular vesicles (exosomes). The focus is on the effects of these messengers on distant organs during the development of T2DM and progression to its complications. Starting from the adipose tissue as a major organ relevant to T2DM pathophysiology, the discussion is expanded to other key tissues, such as skeletal muscle, liver, the endocrine pancreas and the intestine. Subsequently, this Review also sheds light on the potential of multimarker panels derived from these biomarkers and related multi-omics for the prediction of risk and progression of T2DM, novel diabetes mellitus subtypes and/or endotypes and T2DM-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Xourafa
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melis Korbmacher
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Chen W, Zhong Y, Yuan Y, Zhu M, Hu W, Liu N, Xing D. New insights into the suppression of inflammation and lipid accumulation by JAZF1. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2457-2469. [PMID: 37554201 PMCID: PMC10404878 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of disease and death worldwide. The identification of new therapeutic targets and agents is critical. JAZF1 is expressed in many tissues and is found at particularly high levels in adipose tissue (AT). JAZF1 suppresses inflammation (including IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, IFN-γ, IAR-20, COL3A1, laminin, and MCP-1) by reducing NF-κB pathway activation and AT immune cell infiltration. JAZF1 reduces lipid accumulation by regulating the liver X receptor response element (LXRE) of the SREBP-1c promoter, the cAMP-response element (CRE) of HMGCR, and the TR4 axis. LXRE and CRE sites are present in many cytokine and lipid metabolism gene promoters, which suggests that JAZF1 regulates these genes through these sites. NF-κB is the center of the JAZF1-mediated inhibition of the inflammatory response. JAZF1 suppresses NF-κB expression by suppressing TAK1 expression. Interestingly, TAK1 inhibition also decreases lipid accumulation. A dual-targeting strategy of NF-κB and TAK1 could inhibit both inflammation and lipid accumulation. Dual-target compounds (including prodrugs) 1-5 exhibit nanomolar inhibition by targeting NF-κB and TAK1, EGFR, or COX-2. However, the NF-κB suppressing activity of these compounds is relatively low (IC50 > 300 nM). Compounds 6-14 suppress NF-κB expression with IC50 values ranging from 1.8 nM to 38.6 nM. HS-276 is a highly selective, orally bioavailable TAK1 inhibitor. Combined structural modifications of compounds using a prodrug strategy may enhance NF-κB inhibition. This review focused on the role and mechanism of JAZF1 in inflammation and lipid accumulation for the identification of new anti-atherosclerotic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yingjie Zhong
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Wenchao Hu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Diao H, Li X, Xu Y, Xing X, Pang S. Asprosin, a novel glucogenic adipokine implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108614. [PMID: 37769508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Asprosin, encoded by penultimate two exons (exon 65 and exon 66) of the gene Fibrillin 1 (FBN1), has been recently discovered to be a novel hormone secreted by white adipose tissues during fasting. The glucose metabolism disorders are often accompanied by increased asprosin level. Previous research suggests that asprosin may contribute to the development of diabetes by regulating glucose homeostasis, appetite, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. In this review, we summarize the recent findings from studies on asprosin and its association with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and discusses its mechanisms from various aspects, so as to provide clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcui Diao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yeqiu Xu
- Department of Eye, Oral & Plastic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuguang Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Zhang B, Lu J, Jiang Y, Feng Y. Asprosin contributes to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through regulating lipid accumulation and inflammatory response via AMPK signaling. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e947. [PMID: 37647445 PMCID: PMC10436697 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a primary contributor to liver-related morbidity and mortality. Asprosin has been reported to be implicated in NAFLD. AIMS This work is to illuminate the effects of Asprosin on NAFLD and the possible downstream mechanism. MATERIALS & METHODS The weight of NAFLD mice induced by a high-fat diet was detected. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) examined serum Asprosin expression. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis examined Asprosin expression in mice liver tissues. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT) were implemented. Biochemical kits tested liver enzyme levels in mice serum and liver tissues. Hematoxylin and eosin staining evaluated liver histology. Liver weight was also tested and oil red O staining estimated lipid accumulation. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis analyzed the expression of gluconeogenesis-, fatty acid biosynthesis-, fatty acid oxidation-, and inflammation-associated factors. Besides, western blot analysis examined the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/p38 signaling-associated factors. In palmitic acid (PA)-treated mice hepatocytes, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis examined Asprosin expression. Lipid accumulation, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid oxidation, and inflammation were appraised again. RESULTS Asprosin was overexpressed in the serum and liver tissues of NAFLD mice and PA-treated mice hepatocytes. Asprosin interference reduced mice body and liver weight, improved glucose tolerance and diminished liver injury in vivo. Asprosin knockdown alleviated lipid accumulation and inflammatory infiltration both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, Asprosin absence activated AMPK/p38 signaling and AMPK inhibitor Compound C reversed the impacts of Asprosin on lipid accumulation and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION Collectively, Asprosin inhibition suppressed lipid accumulation and inflammation to obstruct NAFLD through AMPK/p38 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Infectious DiseaseThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo CityZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Jinger Lu
- Department of EndocrineThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo CityZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Yuhua Jiang
- Department of Infectious DiseaseThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo CityZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Digestive Blood EndocrinologyThe 75th Group Army Hospital of PLADali CityYunnan ProvinceChina
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7
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Zhang Z, Zhu L, Wang Z, Hua N, Hu S, Chen Y. Can the new adipokine asprosin be a metabolic troublemaker for cardiovascular diseases? A state-of-the-art review. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101240. [PMID: 37473965 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Adipokines play a significant role in cardiometabolic diseases. Asprosin, a newly discovered adipokine, was first identified as a glucose-raising protein hormone. Asprosin also stimulates appetite and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. Its identified receptors so far include Olfr734 and Ptprd. Clinical studies have found that asprosin may be associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Asprosin may have diagnostic and therapeutic potential in obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Herein, the structure, receptors, and functions of asprosin and its relationship with cardiometabolic diseases are summarized based on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbin Zhang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 17 Heishanhu Road, Beijing 100091, China; Chinese PLA Medical School, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ziqian Wang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; Chinese PLA Medical School, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ning Hua
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 17 Heishanhu Road, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shunying Hu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yundai Chen
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China.
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Zinchuk VV, Al-Jebur JSO, Glutkina NV. Oxygen-binding properties of blood in insulin resistance with different asprosin content. Biomed Khim 2023; 69:133-139. [PMID: 37132495 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236902133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen-binding properties of blood were studied in male patients with insulin resistance (IR) with different levels of asprosin. The content of asprosin, parameters of blood oxygen transport function, as well as gas transmitters, nitrogen monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, were determined in the venous blood plasma. In the studied IR patients with increased blood asprosin content, impaired blood oxygenation was noted; IR patients with normal body weight had increased hemoglobin affinity for oxygen, while in IR patients with overweight and the 1st degree obesity, this parameter decreased. The detected increase in the concentration of nitrogen monoxide and the decrease in hydrogen sulfide may be important for the oxygen-binding properties of the blood and the development of metabolic imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Zinchuk
- Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
| | - J S O Al-Jebur
- Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus
| | - N V Glutkina
- Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
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Huang Q, Chen S, Xiong X, Yin T, Zhang Y, Zeng G, Huang Q. Asprosin Exacerbates Endothelium Inflammation Induced by Hyperlipidemia Through Activating IKKβ-NF-κBp65 Pathway. Inflammation 2023; 46:623-638. [PMID: 36401667 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelium dysfunction caused by endothelium inflammation is a trigger of numerous cardiovascular diseases. Vascular endothelium inflammation often occurs in patients with obesity. Asprosin (ASP) derived from white adipose tissue plays important roles in maintaining glucose homeostasis. However, effect of ASP on the vascular endothelium inflammation induced by hyperlipidemia and its underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. In this study, models of vascular endothelium inflammation were established to investigate the effect of ASP on the endothelium inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Our data in vivo showed that recombinant ASP or high-fat diet (HFD) significantly increased the circulating levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and enhanced the adhesion of macrophages to endothelia characterized by the expression increase of CD68, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in rats. However, neutralization of ASP with an ASP specific antibody (AASP) significantly antagonized the changes induced by HFD. Similarly, our data in vitro also showed that ASP treatment elevated the expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 as well as VCAM-1. More important, our data revealed that the pro-inflammation effect of ASP was achieved by activating the IKKβ-NF-κBp65 pathway other than the oxidative stress pathway both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ASP is a pro-inflammation player in the obesity-associated endothelium dysfunction. The findings would provide a novel target for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Xiong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yin
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiren Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, 461 Ba-Yi Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Ertuna GN, Sahiner ES, Yilmaz FM, Ates I. The role of irisin and asprosin level in the pathophysiology of prediabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 199:110642. [PMID: 36966974 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to examine whether irisin and asprosin have a role in the physiopathology of prediabetes. METHODS Hundred people were selected between the age of 18-65 years for the study population (60 prediabetes, 40 healthy). For the follow-up study, the patients with prediabetes were offered a 3-month program for lifestyle change and then reevaluated. Our research is a single-center, prospective observational study. RESULTS Among the healthy group and patients with prediabetes, irisin levels were lower and asprosin levels were higher (p < 0.001) in patients. In the follow-up part, the patients' insulin levels, HOMA index scores, and asprosin levels were decreased while irisin levels were elevated (p < 0.001). Sensitivity was 98.3% and specificity was 65% for asprosin of > 56.3 ng/mL, while they were 93.3% and 65% for irisin of ≤ 120.2 pg/mL, respectively. It was found that irisin had diagnostic performance similar to insulin and the HOMA index, while asprosin performed similarly to glucose, insulin, and the HOMA index. CONCLUSION Both irisin and asprosin have been found to be related to the prediabetes pathway and it has been shown that these molecules may be useful in daily clinical practice with diagnostic performances similar to those of the HOMA index and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Nailer Ertuna
- Health Sciences University, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Enes Seyda Sahiner
- Health Sciences University, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Meric Yilmaz
- Yıldırım Beyazit University, School of Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Ates
- Health Sciences University, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Mazur-bialy AI. Asprosin Enhances Cytokine Production by a Co-Culture of Fully Differentiated Mature Adipocytes and Macrophages Leading to the Exacerbation of the Condition Typical of Obesity-Related Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5745. [PMID: 36982813 PMCID: PMC10056564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Asprosin, a fasting-induced, glucogenic, and orexigenic adipokine, has gained popularity in recent years as a potential target in the fight against obesity and its complications. However, the contribution of asprosin to the development of moderate obesity-related inflammation remains still unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of asprosin on the inflammatory activation of adipocyte–macrophage co-cultures at various stages of differentiation. The study was performed on co-cultures of the murine 3T3L1 adipocyte and the RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines treated with asprosin before, during, and after 3T3L1 cell differentiation, with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Cell viability, overall cell activity, and the expression and release of key inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. In the concentration range of 50–100 nM, asprosin increased the pro-inflammatory activity in the mature co-culture and enhanced the expression and release of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Macrophage migration was also increased, which could be related to the upregulated expression and release of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by the adipocytes. In summary, asprosin exerted a pro-inflammatory effect on the mature adipocyte–macrophage co-culture and may contribute to the spread of moderate obesity-associated inflammation. Nevertheless, further research is needed to fully elucidate this process.
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Charles S, Liu Y, Kimita W, Ko J, Bharmal SH, Petrov MS. Effect of D-β-hydroxybutyrate-( R)-1,3 butanediol on plasma levels of asprosin and leptin: results from a randomised controlled trial. Food Funct 2023; 14:759-768. [PMID: 36594212 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02405e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: D-β-Hydroxybutyrate-(R)-1,3 butanediol - a non-racemic ketone monoester for ingestion - has emerged as an effective way to achieve acute nutritional ketosis. Whether white adipose tissue plays a role in effects of acute nutritional ketosis is largely unknown. Objective: To investigate the effects of acute nutritional ketosis on plasma levels of asprosin and leptin and if they are affected by abdominal fat phenotypes. Methods: The design was a randomised crossover trial. Participants received either the D-β-hydroxybutyrate-(R)-1,3 butanediol monoester (KEβHB) drink or placebo drink. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes (VFV and SFV, respectively), intra-hepatic fat deposition (IHFD), and intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD). Results: A total of 18 adults were randomised, with no drop-outs. There were no significant differences in plasma levels of asprosin and leptin (p = 0.808 and p = 0.907, respectively) between the KEβHB and placebo drinks. There was no effect of time, treatment, or interaction between time and treatment on asprosin and leptin. After stratification by the VFV/SFV ratio, IHFD, and IPFD, there were no differences in asprosin and leptin between the KEβHB and placebo drinks. Conclusion: Plasma levels of asprosin and leptin were not significantly affected by acute nutritional ketosis. Abdominal fat phenotypes did not significantly affect circulating levels of the two hormones. White adipose tissue does not appear to play a role in altering hormone levels during acute nutritional ketosis. The clinical trial registry number is NCT03889210 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjali Charles
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Yutong Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Wandia Kimita
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Sakina H Bharmal
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Summers KM, Bush SJ, Davis MR, Hume DA, Keshvari S, West JA. Fibrillin-1 and asprosin, novel players in metabolic syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:106979. [PMID: 36630758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.106979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillin-1 is a major component of the extracellular microfibrils, where it interacts with other extracellular matrix proteins to provide elasticity to connective tissues, and regulates the bioavailability of TGFβ family members. A peptide consisting of the C-terminal 140 amino acids of fibrillin-1 has recently been identified as a glucogenic hormone, secreted from adipose tissue during fasting and targeting the liver to release glucose. This fragment, called asprosin, also signals in the hypothalamus to stimulate appetite. Asprosin levels are correlated with many of the pathologies indicative of metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance and obesity. Previous studies and reviews have addressed the therapeutic potential of asprosin as a target in obesity, diabetes and related conditions without considering mechanisms underlying the relationship between generation of asprosin and expression of the much larger fibrillin-1 protein. Profibrillin-1 undergoes obligatory cleavage at the cell surface as part of its assembly into microfibrils, producing the asprosin peptide as well as mature fibrillin-1. Patterns of FBN1 mRNA expression are inconsistent with the necessity for regulated release of asprosin. The asprosin peptide may be protected from degradation in adipose tissue. We present evidence for an alternative possibility, that asprosin mRNA is generated independently from an internal promoter within the 3' end of the FBN1 gene, which would allow for regulation independent of fibrillin-synthesis and is more economical of cellular resources. The discovery of asprosin opened exciting possibilities for treatment of metabolic syndrome related conditions, but there is much to be understood before such therapies could be introduced into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - Stephen J Bush
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.
| | - Margaret R Davis
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - Jennifer A West
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Mayne Medical Building, 288 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
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Liu X, Li G, Zhong J, Rang O, Ou G, Qin X, Tang Y, Wang M. Impact of combined chronic exposure to low-dose bisphenol A and fructose on serum adipocytokines and the energy target metabolome in white adipose tissue. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231217992. [PMID: 37990541 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231217992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ that plays a key role in regulating metabolic homeostasis. Previous studies confirmed that bisphenol A (BPA) or fructose can interfere with the function of adipose tissue. Nonetheless, knowledge on how exposure to BPA and fructose impacts energy metabolism in adipose tissue remains limited.Purpose: To determine impact of combined chronic exposure to low-dose bisphenol A and fructose on serum adipocytokines and the energy target metabolome in white adipose tissue.Method: 57 energy metabolic intermediates in adipose tissue and 7 adipocytokines in serum from Sprague Dawley rats were examined after combined exposure to two levels of BPA (lower dose: 0.25, and higher dose: 25 μg/kg every other day) and 5% fructose for 6 months.Results: combined exposure to lower-dose BPA and fructose significantly increased omentin-1, pyruvic acid, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), inosine monophosphate (IMP), inosine, and l-lactate; however, these parameters were not significantly affected by higher-dose BPA combined with fructose. Interestingly, the level of succinate (an intermediate of the citric acid cycle) increased dose-dependently in adipose tissue, and the level of apelin 13 (a versatile adipocytokine) decreased dose-dependently in serum after combined exposure to BPA and fructose. Phosphoenolpyruvic acid, phenyl-lactate, and ornithine were significantly correlated with asprosin, omentin-1, apelin, apelin 13, and adiponectin, while l-tyrosine was significantly correlated with irisin and a-FABP under combined exposure to BPA and fructose.Conclusions: these findings indicated that lower-dose BPA combined with fructose could amplify the impact on glycolysis, energy storage, and purine nucleotide biosynthesis in adipose tissue, and adipocytokines, such as omentin-1 and apelin 13, may be related to metabolic interference induced by BPA and fructose exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Liu
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Guojuan Li
- Endocrine Department, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Ouyan Rang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nuclear Industrial Hygiene School, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Guifang Ou
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Xinru Qin
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Yonghong Tang
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
| | - Mu Wang
- Clinical Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, PR China
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Shabir K, Gharanei S, Orton S, Patel V, Chauhan P, Karteris E, Randeva HS, Brown JE, Kyrou I. Asprosin Exerts Pro-Inflammatory Effects in THP-1 Macrophages Mediated via the Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24. [PMID: 36613673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ, secreting a plethora of adipokines which play a key role in regulating metabolic homeostasis and other physiological processes. An altered adipokine secretion profile from adipose tissue depots has been associated with obesity and related cardio-metabolic diseases. Asprosin is a recently described adipokine that is released in response to fasting and can elicit orexigenic and glucogenic effects. Circulating asprosin levels are elevated in a number of cardio-metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. In vitro studies have reported pro-inflammatory effects of asprosin in a variety of tissues. The present study aimed to further elucidate the role of asprosin in inflammation by exploring its potential effect(s) in THP-1 macrophages. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated to macrophages by 48 h treatment with dihydroxyvitamin D3. Macrophages were treated with 100 nM recombinant human asprosin, 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and 10 μM caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE; an inhibitor of NFκB activation) or 1 µM TAK-242 (a Toll-like receptor 4, TLR4, inhibitor). The expression and secretion of pertinent pro-inflammatory mediators were measured by qPCR, Western blot, ELISA and Bioplex. Asprosin stimulation significantly upregulated the expression and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines: tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8 and IL-12 in vitro. This pro-inflammatory response in THP-1 macrophages was partly attenuated by the treatments with CAPE and was significantly inhibited by TAK-242 treatment. Asprosin-induced inflammation is significantly counteracted by TLR4 inhibition in THP-1 macrophages, suggesting that asprosin exerts its pro-inflammatory effects, at least in part, via the TLR4 signalling pathway.
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Yin T, Chen S, Zeng G, Yuan W, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Xiong X, Xu B, Huang Q. Angiogenesis-Browning Interplay Mediated by Asprosin-Knockout Contributes to Weight Loss in Mice with Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36555807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Asprosin (ASP) is a recently identified adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT). It plays important roles in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis in the fasting state and in the occurrence and development of obesity. However, there is no report on whether and how ASP would inhibit angiogenesis and fat browning in the mouse adipose microenvironment. Therefore, the study sought to investigate the effects of ASP-knockout on angiogenesis and fat browning, and to identify the interaction between them in the ASP-knockout mouse adipose microenvironment. In the experiments in vivo, the ASP-knockout alleviated the obesity induced by a high fat diet (HFD) and increased the expressions of the browning-related proteins including uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), PRD1-BF-1-RIZ1 homologus domain-containing protein-16 (PRDM16) and PPAR gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1-α) and the endothelial cell marker (CD31). In the experiments in vitro, treatment with the conditional medium (CM) from ASP-knockout adipocytes (ASP-/--CM) significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells, and increased the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway proteins. In addition, the treatment with CM from endothelial cells (EC-CM) markedly reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets and increased the expressions of the browning-related proteins and the mitochondrial contents. Moreover, the treatment with EC-CM significantly improved the energy metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results highlight that ASP-knockout can promote the browning and angiogenesis of WAT, and the fat browning and angiogenesis can interact in the mouse adipose microenvironment, which contributes to weight loss in the mice with obesity.
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Khalaf Al-Hadidi EE, Al-Obaidi WML. Assessment of asprosin level and some of physiological variables in patients with cardiovascular diseases in Kirkuk city, Iraq. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i5.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Asprosin is a novel fasting-induced glucogenic adipokine, which stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood stream. The aim of this study was to examine the role of asprosin as well as various physiological and oxidative stress factors in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction patients in comparison to healthy controls in Kirkuk city, in order to clarify whether asprosin helps in protecting heart and preventing heart disease.
Materials and Methods: This study included blood samples collected from patients (n=70) and normal healthy controls (n=20), aged between 45-65 years from the Kirkuk General Hospital and external specialized clinical between December 2021 to February 2022. The samples were divided into three groups which included healthy controls (n=20), patients suffering from atherosclerosis (n=40) and myocardial infarction (n=30) respectively. Individuals in all groups were tested for their blood ASP, CPK-BM Tnt and lipid profile levels. Blood serum was also tested for concentration of FBS, INS, HbA1c, MDA and GSH.
Results: The asprosin, CPK-BM, Cardiac troponin (TNt) and INS levels was observed to be significantly elevated in atherosclerosis patients in comparison to healthy controls. However, in myocardial infarction patients significant increase levels was seen only for CPK-BM and INS levels. Lipid profiling showed that except for HDL levels, significant increased levels for TC, TG, LDL and VLDL in both atherosclerosis and MI patients as compared to healthy individuals. The concentration of FBS was seen elevated in blood serum of atherosclerosis and MI patients in comparison to controls. No significant increase was observed for HbA1c and oxidative stress hormones MDA and GSH).
Conclusion: Changes in asprosin levels in patients with cardiovascular disease could be considered as a biochemical marker to estimate the severity of injury in heart and heart muscles.
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You M, Liu Y, Wang B, Li L, Zhang H, He H, Zhou Q, Cao T, Wang L, Zhao Z, Zhu Z, Gao P, Yan Z. Asprosin induces vascular endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in diabetic lower extremity peripheral artery disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:25. [PMID: 35168605 PMCID: PMC8848671 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered adipokine secretion in dysfunctional adipose tissue facilitates the development of atherosclerotic diseases including lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Asprosin is a recently identified adipokine and displays potent regulatory role in metabolism, but the relationship between asprosin and lower extremity PAD remains uninvestigated. Methods 33 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (DM), 51 T2DM patients with PAD (DM + PAD) and 30 healthy normal control (NC) volunteers were recruited and the blood samples were collected for detecting the circulatory asprosin level and metabolomic screening. RNA sequencing was performed using the aorta tissues from the type 2 diabetic db/db mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with asprosin to determine its impact on the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Results The circulating levels of asprosin in DM + PAD group were significantly higher than that of NC group and the DM group. Circulating asprosin level was remarkably negatively correlated with ankle-brachial index (ABI), even after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and other traditional risk factors of PAD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that asprosin is an independent risk factor for PAD and receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve determined a good sensitivity (74.5%) and specificity (74.6%) of asprosin to distinguish PAD. Data from metabolomics displayed a typical characteristics of de novo amino acid synthesis in collagen protein production by myofibroblasts in patients with PAD and activation of TGF-β signaling pathway appeared in the aortic tissue of db/db mice. Asprosin directly induces EndMT in HUVECs in a TGF-β-dependent manner as TGF-β signaling pathway inhibitor SB431542 erased the promotional effect of asprosin on EndMT. Conclusions Elevated circulatory asprosin level is an independent risk factor of lower extremity PAD and might serve as a diagnostic marker. Mechanistically, asprosin directly induces EndMT that participates in vascular injury via activation of TGF-β signaling pathway. Trial registration This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05068895 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-022-01457-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei You
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yushuang Liu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hexuan Zhang
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hongbo He
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Tingbing Cao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Zhencheng Yan
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, 10 Chang Jiang Zhi Lu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Corica D, Pepe G, Aversa T, Currò M, Curatola S, Li Pomi A, Alibrandi A, Ientile R, Wasniewska M. Meal-Related Asprosin Serum Levels Are Affected by Insulin Resistance and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Children With Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:805700. [PMID: 35069452 PMCID: PMC8770257 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.805700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asprosin physiologically increases in fasting conditions and decreases with refeeding and has been implicated in glucose homeostasis. An alteration of meal-related circadian oscillation of asprosin has been suggested in adults affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aims of this study were to test the hypothesis of an alteration in the meal-related variation of asprosin levels in non-diabetic children and adolescents with obesity and to assess which metabolic variables condition this variation in non-diabetic children and adolescents with obesity. This is a cross-sectional study which included 79 children and adolescents with obesity. Children underwent clinical and biochemical assessments, including oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and liver ultrasound evaluation. Asprosin serum levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at a fasting state and at the 120-minute OGTT timepoint (2h-postprandial asprosin). Fasting and 2h-postprandial asprosin serum levels did not significantly differ in the entire study population (374.28 ± 77.23 vs 375.27 ± 81.26;p=0.837). 55.7% of patients had a significant increase in 2h-postprandial asprosin compared with fasting levels. The asprosin level increase condition was significantly associated with HOMA-IR (OR,1.41; 95%CI,1.005-1.977; p=0.047), fasting glycaemia (OR,1.073; 95%CI,1.009-1.141;p=0.024) and HOMA-B (OR,0.99; 95%CI,0.984-0.999; p=0.035). Moreover, the IFG condition was associated with the increase in asprosin levels (OR, 3.040; 95%CI, 1.095-8.436; p=0.033), even after adjustment for HOMA-IR, BMI SDS, sex and pubertal stage. Insulin resistance and IFG influence meal-related changes of asprosin serum levels in our study population of obese, non-diabetic, children. Alteration of asprosin circadian secretion might be an early biomarker of impaired glucose regulation in obese children with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Corica
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pepe
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tommaso Aversa
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Monica Currò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Selenia Curatola
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Li Pomi
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Ientile
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Wasniewska
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- *Correspondence: Malgorzata Wasniewska,
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