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Zhong K, Zhang Z, Cheng W, Liu G, Zhang X, Zhang J, Sun S, Wang B. Photodynamic O 2 Economizer Encapsulated with DNAzyme for Enhancing Mitochondrial Gene-Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302495. [PMID: 38056018 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests that mitochondrial DNA is a potential target for cancer treatment. However, achieving precise delivery of deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes) and combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and DNAzyme-based gene silencing together for enhancing mitochondrial gene-photodynamic synergistic therapy remains challenging. Accordingly, herein, intelligent supramolecular nanomicelles are constructed by encapsulating a DNAzyme into a photodynamic O2 economizer for mitochondrial NO gas-enhanced synergistic gene-photodynamic therapy. The designed nanomicelles demonstrate sensitive acid- and red-light sequence-activated behaviors. After entering the cancer cells and targeting the mitochondria, these micelles will disintegrate and release the DNAzyme and Mn (II) porphyrin in the tumor microenvironment. Mn (II) porphyrin acts as a DNAzyme cofactor to activate the DNAzyme for the cleavage reaction. Subsequently, the NO-carrying donor is decomposed under red light irradiation to generate NO that inhibits cellular respiration, facilitating the conversion of more O2 into singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) in the tumor cells, thereby significantly enhancing the efficacy of PDT. In vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that the proposed system can efficiently target mitochondria and exhibits considerable antitumor effects with negligible systemic toxicity. Thus, this study provides a useful conditional platform for the precise delivery of DNAzymes and a novel strategy for activatable NO gas-enhanced mitochondrial gene-photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Zefan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wenyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Shihao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Baodui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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Zhang CH, Jiang ZL, Meng Y, Yang WY, Zhang XY, Zhang YX, Khattak S, Ji XY, Wu DD. Hydrogen sulfide and its donors: Novel antitumor and antimetastatic agents for liver cancer. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110628. [PMID: 36774973 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most frequent human cancer and the world's third most significant cause of cancer mortality. HCC treatment has recently improved, but its mortality continues to increase worldwide due to its extremely complicated and heterogeneous genetic abnormalities. After nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), the third gas signaling molecule discovered is hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which has long been thought to be a toxic gas. However, numerous studies have proven that H2S plays many pathophysiological roles in mammals. Endogenous or exogenous H2S can decrease cell proliferation, promote apoptosis, block cell cycle, invasion and migration through various cellular signaling pathways. This review analyzes and discusses the recent literature on the function and molecular mechanism of H2S and H2S donors in HCC, so as to provide convenience for the scientific research and clinical application of H2S in the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hao Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Wen-Yan Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
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Abstract
DNA replication stress is a constant threat that cells must manage to proliferate and maintain genome integrity. DNA replication stress responses, a subset of the broader DNA damage response (DDR), operate when the DNA replication machinery (replisome) is blocked or replication forks collapse during S phase. There are many sources of replication stress, such as DNA lesions caused by endogenous and exogenous agents including commonly used cancer therapeutics, and difficult-to-replicate DNA sequences comprising fragile sites, G-quadraplex DNA, hairpins at trinucleotide repeats, and telomeres. Replication stress is also a consequence of conflicts between opposing transcription and replication, and oncogenic stress which dysregulates replication origin firing and fork progression. Cells initially respond to replication stress by protecting blocked replisomes, but if the offending problem (e.g., DNA damage) is not bypassed or resolved in a timely manner, forks may be cleaved by nucleases, inducing a DNA double-strand break (DSB) and providing a means to accurately restart stalled forks via homologous recombination. However, DSBs pose their own risks to genome stability if left unrepaired or misrepaired. Here we focus on replication stress response systems, comprising DDR signaling, fork protection, and fork processing by nucleases that promote fork repair and restart. Replication stress nucleases include MUS81, EEPD1, Metnase, CtIP, MRE11, EXO1, DNA2-BLM, SLX1-SLX4, XPF-ERCC1-SLX4, Artemis, XPG, and FEN1. Replication stress factors are important in cancer etiology as suppressors of genome instability associated with oncogenic mutations, and as potential cancer therapy targets to enhance the efficacy of chemo- and radiotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jac A. Nickoloff
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Lynn Taylor
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Sage J. Allen
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert Hromas
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and the Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Yan S, Gao S, Zhou P. Multi-functions of exonuclease 1 in DNA damage response and cancer susceptibility. Radiation Medicine and Protection 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Song X, Yue Z, Nie L, Zhao P, Zhu K, Wang Q. Biological Functions of Diallyl Disulfide, a Garlic-Derived Natural Organic Sulfur Compound. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021; 2021:5103626. [PMID: 34745287 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5103626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is widely accepted as a functional food and an excellent source of pharmacologically active ingredients. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major bioactive component of garlic, has several beneficial biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, and anticancer activities. This review systematically evaluated the biological functions of DADS and discussed the underlying molecular mechanisms of these functions. We hope that this review provides guidance and insight into the current literature and enables future research and the development of DADS for intervention and treatment of multiple diseases.
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Chen CC, Chen CY, Cheng SF, Shieh TM, Leu YL, Chuang WY, Liu KT, Ueng SH, Shih YH, Chou LF, Wang TH. Hydroxygenkwanin Increases the Sensitivity of Liver Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy by Inhibiting DNA Damage Response in Mouse Xenograft Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189766. [PMID: 34575923 PMCID: PMC8471855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecules involved in DNA damage response (DDR) are often overexpressed in cancer cells, resulting in poor responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although treatment efficacy can be improved with the concomitant use of DNA repair inhibitors, the accompanying side effects can compromise the quality of life of patients. Therefore, in this study, we identified a natural compound that could inhibit DDR, using the single-strand annealing yeast-cell analysis system, and explored its mechanisms of action and potential as a chemotherapy adjuvant in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines using comet assay, flow cytometry, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and functional analyses. We developed a mouse model to verify the in vitro findings. We found that hydroxygenkwanin (HGK) inhibited the expression of RAD51 and progression of homologous recombination, thereby suppressing the ability of the HCC cell lines to repair DNA damage and enhancing their sensitivity to doxorubicin. HGK inhibited the phosphorylation of DNA damage checkpoint proteins, leading to apoptosis in the HCC cell lines. In the mouse xenograft model, HGK enhanced the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to doxorubicin without any physiological toxicity. Thus, HGK can inhibit DDR in liver cancer cells and mouse models, making it suitable for use as a chemotherapy adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (S.-H.U.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ting Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32551, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (S.-H.U.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Fang Chou
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-F.C.); (T.-H.W.)
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-F.C.); (T.-H.W.)
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Zhao A, Zhang J, Liu Y, Jia X, Lu X, Wang Q, Ji T, Yang L, Xue J, Gao R, Yu Y, Yang A. Synergic radiosensitization of sinomenine hydrochloride and radioiodine on human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101172. [PMID: 34243014 PMCID: PMC8273215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first time to study and find out that sinomenine hydrochloride and iodine-131 synergic enhance the apoptosis and regulate DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint on papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. This is the first time to study and find out that sinomenine hydrochloride increased the radiosensitivity of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells and normal thyroid cells. This is the first time to study and find out that sinomenine hydrochloride could be a potential therapeutic radiosensitizer in papillary thyroid carcinoma radiotherapy after total thyroidectomy .
Radioiodine (131I) therapy is an important treatment for thyroid carcinoma. The response to radiotherapy sometimes limited by the development of radioresistance. Sinomenine hydrochloride(SH), was reported as a prospective radiosensitizer. This study was aim to evaluate synergic radiosensitization of SH and 131I on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We evaluated HTori-3, BCPAP and TPC-1 cells, the cell viability was evaluated by MTT. The experiment was divided into 4 groups: control group, SH (0.8 mM) group, I (131I 14.8 MBq/ml) group and ISH (SH 0.8 mM plus 131I 14.8 MBq/ml) group. Flow cytometry was used to investigate cell cycle phases and cell apoptosis. RT-PCR and western blotting were performed to determine the molecular changes. Compared to control group, SH significantly increased apoptosis and enhanced radiosensitivity of HTori-3 and PTC cells were related to the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax protein downregulation and Fas, p21, p-ATM, p-Chk1, p-Chk2 and p53 protein expression upregulation in the ISH group (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that synergic radiosensitization of SH and iodine-131 on PTC cells and SH could be a potential therapeutic radiosensitizer in PTC radio therapy after total thyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aomei Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xi Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xueni Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Ting Ji
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jianjun Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is orchestrated by a complex network of interactions between proteins, enzymes, cytokines, and cell cycle signaling pathways, and is vital for cell proliferation, growth, and repair. The occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors are closely related to the cell cycle. Cell cycle regulation can be synergistic with chemotherapy in two aspects: inhibition or promotion. The sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs can be improved with the cooperation of cell cycle regulation strategies. This review presented the mechanism of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs and the effect of the cell cycle on tumorigenesis and development, and the interaction between chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation in cancer treatment was briefly introduced. The current collaborative strategies of chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation are discussed in detail. Finally, we outline the challenges and perspectives about the improvement of combination strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
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Rajendran G, Taylor JA, Woolbright BL. Natural products as a means of overcoming cisplatin chemoresistance in bladder cancer. Cancer Drug Resist 2021; 4:69-84. [PMID: 35582013 PMCID: PMC9019192 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin remains an integral part of the treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer. A large number of patients do not respond to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and efficacious salvage regimens are limited. Immunotherapy has offered a second line of treatment; however, only approximately 20% of patients respond, and molecular subtyping of tumors indicates there may be significant overlap in those patients that respond to cisplatin and those patients that respond to immunotherapy. As such, restoring sensitivity to cisplatin remains a major hurdle to improving patient care. One potential source of compounds for enhancing cisplatin is naturally derived bioactive products such as phytochemicals, flavonoids and others. These compounds can activate a diverse array of different pathways, many of which can directly promote or inhibit cisplatin sensitivity. The purpose of this review is to understand current drug development in the area of natural products and to assess how these compounds may enhance cisplatin treatment in bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshkumar Rajendran
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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10
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Liu JW, Yang YG, Wang K, Wang G, Shen CC, Chen YH, Liu YF, James TD, Jiang K, Zhang H. Activation and Monitoring of mtDNA Damage in Cancer Cells via the "Proton-Triggered" Decomposition of an Ultrathin Nanosheet. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:3669-3678. [PMID: 33435678 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is a very important molecular event, which has significant effects on living organisms. Therefore, a particularly important challenge for biomaterials research is to develop functionalized nanoparticles that can activate and monitor mtDNA damage and instigate cancer cell apoptosis, and as such eliminate the negative effects on living organisms. Toward that goal, with this research, we have developed a hydroxyapatite ultrathin nanosheet (HAP-PDCns)-a high Ca2+ content biomaterial. HAP-PDCns undergoes proton-triggered decomposition after entering cancer cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and then, it selectively concentrates in the charged mitochondrial membrane. This kind of proton-triggered decomposition phenomenon facilitates mtDNA damage by causing instantaneous local calcium overload in the mitochondria of cancer cells, and inhibits tumor growth. Importantly, at the same time, a real-time green-red-green fluorescence change occurs that correlates with the degree of mtDNA deterioration because of the changes in the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps during this process. Significantly, the decomposition and the fluorescence changes cannot be triggered in normal cells. Thus, HAP-PDCns can selectively induce apoptosis and the death of a cancer cell by facilitating mtDNA damage, but does not affect normal cells. In addition, HAP-PDCns can simultaneously monitor the degree of mtDNA damage. We anticipate that this design strategy can be generalized to develop other functionalized biomaterials that can be used to instigate the positive effects of mtDNA damage on living organisms while eliminating any negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun W Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yong G Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Ge Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Cong C Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yue H Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yu F Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Bell JL, Hagemann S, Holien JK, Liu T, Nagy Z, Schulte JH, Misiak D, Hüttelmaier S. Identification of RNA-Binding Proteins as Targetable Putative Oncogenes in Neuroblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5098. [PMID: 32707690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a common childhood cancer with almost a third of those affected still dying, thus new therapeutic strategies need to be explored. Current experimental therapies focus mostly on inhibiting oncogenic transcription factor signalling. Although LIN28B, DICER and other RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have reported roles in neuroblastoma development and patient outcome, the role of RBPs in neuroblastoma is relatively unstudied. In order to elucidate novel RBPs involved in MYCN-amplified and other high-risk neuroblastoma subtypes, we performed differential mRNA expression analysis of RBPs in a large primary tumour cohort (n = 498). Additionally, we found via Kaplan–Meier scanning analysis that 685 of the 1483 tested RBPs have prognostic value in neuroblastoma. For the top putative oncogenic candidates, we analysed their expression in neuroblastoma cell lines, as well as summarised their characteristics and existence of chemical inhibitors. Moreover, to help explain their association with neuroblastoma subtypes, we reviewed candidate RBPs’ potential as biomarkers, and their mechanistic roles in neuronal and cancer contexts. We found several highly significant RBPs including RPL22L1, RNASEH2A, PTRH2, MRPL11 and AFF2, which remain uncharacterised in neuroblastoma. Although not all RBPs appear suitable for drug design, or carry prognostic significance, we show that several RBPs have strong rationale for inhibition and mechanistic studies, representing an alternative, but nonetheless promising therapeutic strategy in neuroblastoma treatment.
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