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Abdul-Rahman T, Lizano-Jubert I, Bliss ZSB, Garg N, Meale E, Roy P, Crino SA, Deepak BL, Miteu GD, Wireko AA, Qadeer A, Condurat A, Tanasa AD, Pyrpyris N, Sikora K, Horbas V, Sood A, Gupta R, Lavie CJ. RNA in cardiovascular disease: A new frontier of personalized medicine. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0033-0620(24)00016-1. [PMID: 38253161 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Personalized medicine has witnessed remarkable progress with the emergence of RNA therapy, offering new possibilities for the treatment of various diseases, and in particular in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ability to target the human genome through RNA manipulation offers great potential not only in the treatment of cardiac pathologies but also in their diagnosis and prevention, notably in cases of hyperlipidemia and myocardial infarctions. While only a few RNA-based treatments have entered clinical trials or obtained approval from the US Food and Drug Administration, the growing body of research on this subject is promising. However, the development of RNA therapies faces several challenges that must be overcome. These include the efficient delivery of drugs into cells, the potential for immunogenic responses, and safety. Resolving these obstacles is crucial to advance the development of RNA therapies. This review explores the newest developments in medical studies, treatment plans, and results related to RNA therapies for heart disease. Furthermore, it discusses the exciting possibilities and difficulties in this innovative area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neil Garg
- Rowan-Virtua School of osteopathic medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Emily Meale
- Rowan-Virtua School of osteopathic medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Poulami Roy
- Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India
| | | | | | - Goshen David Miteu
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | | | - Abdul Qadeer
- Hospital Internal Medicine Department, Scottsdale Campus, Mayo Clinic, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Pyrpyris
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Aayushi Sood
- Department of Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Lehigh Valley Heart and Vascular Institute, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, United States; The University of Queensland Medical School, Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Shaheen N, Shaheen A, Diab RA, Desouki MT. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) role in hypertension: pathogenesis and promising therapeutics. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:319-328. [PMID: 38222760 PMCID: PMC10783350 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and disease development. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of miRNAs in the development and progression of essential hypertension, a common form of high blood pressure that affects millions of individuals worldwide. The molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate hypertension are complex and multifaceted. MiRNAs target the 3' untranslated regions of mRNA molecules, thereby regulating the synthesis of specific proteins involved in cardiovascular function. For instance, miRNAs are known to regulate the expression of genes involved in blood vessel tone, cardiac function, and inflammation. The growing body of research on miRNAs in hypertension has highlighted their potential as therapeutic targets for managing this condition. Studies have shown that miRNA-based therapies can modulate the expression of key genes involved in hypertension, leading to improvements in blood pressure and cardiovascular function. However, more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of miRNA-mediated hypertension and to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Conclusions In summary, this review highlights the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in essential hypertension, including their molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of miRNAs on hypertension and to develop new treatments for this common and debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Shaheen
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria
| | - Ahmed Shaheen
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria
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3
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Boxhammer E, Paar V, Wernly B, Kiss A, Mirna M, Aigner A, Acar E, Watzinger S, Podesser BK, Zauner R, Wally V, Ablinger M, Hackl M, Hoppe UC, Lichtenauer M. MicroRNA-30d-5p-A Potential New Therapeutic Target for Prevention of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy after Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2023; 12:2369. [PMID: 37830583 PMCID: PMC10571870 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background and Objective: MicroRNAs (miRs) are biomarkers for assessing the extent of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) and important predictors of clinical outcome in heart failure. Overexpression of miR-30d-5p appears to have a cardioprotective effect. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether miR-30d-5p could be used as a potential therapeutic target to improve post-MI adverse remodeling. (2) Methods and Results: MiR profiling was performed by next-generation sequencing to assess different expression patterns in ischemic vs. healthy myocardium in a rat model of MI. MiR-30d-5p was significantly downregulated (p < 0.001) in ischemic myocardium and was selected as a promising target. A mimic of miR-30d-5p was administered in the treatment group, whereas the control group received non-functional, scrambled siRNA. To measure the effect of miR-30d-5p on infarct area size of the left ventricle, the rats were randomized and treated with miR-30d-5p or scrambled siRNA. Histological planimetry was performed 72 h and 6 weeks after induction of MI. Infarct area was significantly reduced at 72 h and at 6 weeks by using miR-30d-5p (72 h: 22.89 ± 7.66% vs. 35.96 ± 9.27%, p = 0.0136; 6 weeks: 6.93 ± 4.58% vs. 12.48 ± 7.09%, p = 0.0172). To gain insight into infarct healing, scratch assays were used to obtain information on cell migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Gap closure was significantly faster in the mimic-treated cells 20 h post-scratching (12.4% more than the scrambled control after 20 h; p = 0.013). To analyze the anti-apoptotic quality of miR-30d-5p, the ratio between phosphorylated p53 and total p53 was evaluated in human cardiomyocytes using ELISA. Under the influence of the miR-30d-5p mimic, cardiomyocytes demonstrated a decreased pp53/total p53 ratio (0.66 ± 0.08 vs. 0.81 ± 0.17), showing a distinct tendency (p = 0.055) to decrease the apoptosis rate compared to the control group. (3) Conclusion: Using a mimic of miR-30d-5p underlines the cardioprotective effect of miR-30d-5p in MI and could reduce the risk for development of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Boxhammer
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Vera Paar
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Bernhard Wernly
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5110 Oberndorf, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Moritz Mirna
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Simon Watzinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Bruno K. Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.)
| | - Roland Zauner
- Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Wally
- Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Ablinger
- Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Uta C. Hoppe
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.)
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Wugeng S, Zan S, Liu Y, Bai Y, Hu A, Wei X, Guo C, Su X. MicroRNA-214-3p protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting demethylase lysine demethylase 3A. Regen Ther 2023; 23:17-24. [PMID: 37013195 PMCID: PMC10066509 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Many studies have explored the roles of microRNAs (miRs) in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI), while the function of miR-214-3p in MI/RI remained obscure. This study aims to unravel the regulatory mechanism of miR-214-3p in MI/RI via targeting histone demethylase lysine demethylase 3A (KDM3A). Methods MI/RI rat model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. MiR-214-3p and KDM3A expression in myocardial tissues of MI/RI rats was examined. Then, the serum oxidative stress factors, inflammatory factors, pathological changes of myocardial tissues, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and fibrosis of myocardial tissues were detected in MI/RI rats intervening with miR-214-3p or KDM3A expression. The targeting relation between miR-214-3p and KDM3A was validated. Results MiR-214-3p was low-expressed while KDM3A was high-expressed in MI/RI rat model. Up-regulated miR-214-3p or down-regulated KDM3A protected against MI/RI via mitigating serum oxidative response, reducing the levels of inflammatory factors, alleviating the pathological changes of myocardial tissues, and decreasing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis of myocardial tissue. KDM3A amplification reversed the therapeutic effects of elevated miR-214-3p on MI/RI. KDM3A was targeted by miR-214-3p. Conclusion miR-214-3p hinders cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial injury in MI/RI rats via regulating KDM3A. Thus, miR-214-3p may function as a potential candidate for MI/RI treatment.
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Xiang K, Akram M, Elbossaty WF, Yang J, Fan C. Exosomes in atrial fibrillation: therapeutic potential and role as clinical biomarkers. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1211-1221. [PMID: 34251579 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, is a global epidemic. AF can cause heart failure and myocardial infarction and increase the risk of stroke, disability, and thromboembolic events. AF is becoming increasingly ubiquitous and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality at higher ages, resulting in an increasing threat to human health as well as substantial medical and social costs. Currently, treatment strategies for AF focus on controlling heart rate and rhythm with medications to restore and maintain sinus rhythm, but this approach has limitations. Catheter ablation is not entirely satisfactory and does not address the issues underlying AF. Research exploring the mechanisms causing AF is urgently needed for improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AF. Exosomes are small vesicles (30-150 nm) released by cells that transmit information between cells. MicroRNAs in exosomes play an important role in the pathogenesis of AF and are established as a biomarker for AF. In this review, a summary of the role of exosomes in AF is presented. The role of exosomes and microRNAs in AF occurrence, their therapeutic potential, and their potential role as clinical biomarkers is considered. A better understanding of exosomes has the potential to improve the prognosis of AF patients worldwide, reducing the global medical burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Tong QH, Hu HY, Chai H, Wu AB, Guo XH, Wang S, Zhang YF, Fan XY. Dysregulation of the miR-1275/HK2 Axis Contributes to the Progression of Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Myocardial Injury. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:461-470. [PMID: 33551225 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research was designed to investigate the function of miR-1275 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced myocardial injury and its in-depth mechanism. METHODS Firstly, the differential expression of miR-1275 in patients with heart failure and healthy control were analyzed based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then H/R model was constructed in vitro with AC16 cells. The qRT-PCR assay was performed to analyze the expression of miR-1275 in H/R-treated cells. Afterwards, CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry assay were carried out to detect the cells viability and apoptosis. Bioinformatics prediction, western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assays were set to check the target gene of miR-1275. Finally, we used an Elisa to test the effect of miR-1275/HK2 axis on inflammatory factors. RESULTS We found that miR-1275 was highly expressed in patients with heart failure and H/R treated AC16 cells than that in control group, and inhibition of miR-1275 can alleviate induced-decrease of cell viability. Subsequently, we revealed that HK2 was a downstream target gene of miR-1275, which was lowly expressed in patients with heart failure. Furthermore, our data also suggested that inhibition of miR-1275 can significantly alleviate H/R-induced myocardial injury, which can also markedly decrease the concentration of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1 β and increase the concentration of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 in H/R-treated AC16 cells, while knockdown of HK2 canceled the effect caused by miR-1275 deletion. CONCLUSIONS In summing, our results illustrated that miR-1275/HK2 axis act as a potential regulator to against H/R-induced AC16 cells injury through anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Hong Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ying Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Bin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hu Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Peoples Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, P.R. China.
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Patterson AJ, Song MA, Choe D, Xiao D, Foster G, Zhang L. Early Detection of Coronary Artery Disease by Micro-RNA Analysis in Asymptomatic Patients Stratified by Coronary CT Angiography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110875. [PMID: 33126452 PMCID: PMC7693112 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) is essential but underdeveloped. The aim of this study was to assess micro-RNA (miRNA) expression profiles in patients with or without CAD as selected by coronary CT angiography (CTA) and stratified by risk of CAD as determined by Framingham Risk Score (FRS). In this pilot study, patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of CAD. Disease status was determined by Coronary CTA by identification of atherosclerosis and/or calcified plaque in coronary arteries. There were 16 control subjects and 16 subjects with documented CAD. Groups were then subdivided based on FRS. Pathway-specific microarray profiling of 86 genes using miRNAs isolated from whole peripheral blood was analyzed. MiRNA were differentially expressed in patients with and without CAD and who were stratified on the basis of FRS with miRNA associated with endothelial function, cardiomyocyte protection and inflammatory response (hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-210-3p, hsa-miR-29b-3p, hsa-miR-7-5p and hsa-miR-99a-5p) consistently upregulated by greater than twofold in groups with CAD. The present study reveals that miRNA expression patterns in whole blood as selected on the basis of coronary CTA and risk scores vary significantly depending on the subject phenotype. Thus, profiling miRNA may improve early detection of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Patterson
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.P.); (L.Z.)
| | - Minwoo A. Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
| | - David Choe
- Division of Cardiology Jerry L Pettis Memorial Veterans Hospital, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
| | - Gary Foster
- Division of Cardiology Jerry L Pettis Memorial Veterans Hospital, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (D.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (M.A.S.); (D.X.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.P.); (L.Z.)
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Nabih HK. Crosstalk between NRF2 and Dicer through metastasis regulating MicroRNAs; mir-34a, mir-200 family and mir-103/107 family. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 686:108326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ma R, Chen X, Ma Y, Bai G, Li D. MiR
‐129‐5p alleviates myocardial injury by targeting suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 after ischemia/reperfusion. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:599-606. [PMID: 32255569 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- Department of GeriatricsNational Pharmacy Dongfeng General Hospital Shiyan China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of GeriatricsNational Pharmacy Dongfeng General Hospital Shiyan China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of SpineNational Pharmacy Dongfeng General Hospital Shiyan China
| | - Gang Bai
- Department of UltrasonographyTai He Hospital Shiyan China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Li
- Department of CardiologyWuhan Third Hospital‐Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
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Peng H, Luo Y, Ying Y. lncRNA XIST attenuates hypoxia-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury by targeting the miR-122-5p/FOXP2 axis. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 50:101500. [PMID: 31887421 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of lncRNA XIST on apoptosis induced by hypoxia. METHODS We analyzed the expression levels of lncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p using RT-qPCR in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes. The mechanism by which lncRNA XIST affects myocardial ischemia was investigated using the cell transfection, CCK-8, and dual-luciferase reporter assays, as well as by flowcytometry, western blotting, and RNA immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Hypoxic H9c2 cells demonstrated a decrease in their migration and invasion abilities and XIST expression and an increase in the extent of their apoptosis and expression of microRNA-122-5p. Overexpression of XIST significantly increased the H9c2 cell viability, enhanced cell migration and invasion, and decreased cell apoptosis in a hypoxic environment. The luciferase activity of XIST-WT in H9c2 cells co-transfected with XIST-WT and microRNA-122-5p mimics had decreased. The results of RNA immunoprecipitation showed that XIST interacted directly with miRNA-122-5p. Overexpression of XIST decreased the level of miRNA-122-5p significantly. mi-122-5p mimics increased H9c2 cell apoptosis and downregulated FOXP2 expression. Overexpression of FOXP2 upregulated the expression of the Bcl-2 protein in H9c2 cells transfected with microRNA-122-5p mimics and inhibited the expression of HIF-alpha, Bax, and the cleaved-caspase 9 protein. CONCLUSION lncRNA XIST could regulate the miR-122-5p/FOXP2 axis to attenuate hypoxia-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang province, Zhuji, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Ying
- Department of Cardiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Abstract
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) plays a crucial role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, the detailed mechanism of MCP-1 in I/R injury-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, we explored the cascade downstream of I/R-induced MCP-1 that modulates cell apoptosis and determined whether Ca2+-sensing receptors (CaSRs) are involved in the process. Protein levels were detected in a cardiac muscle cell line (HL-1) and primary cultured neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes using Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Released MCP-1 was detected using ELISA. Both Hoechst staining and flow cytometry methods were used to measure cell apoptosis. Specific pharmacological inhibitors of CC chemokine receptor 2 (RS-102895) and CaSR (NPS-2143) as well as a CaSR activator (evocalcet) were applied to confirm the roles of these factors in I/R-induced cell apoptosis. I/R inhibited cell viability and upregulated cell apoptosis. Moreover, I/R induced the release of MCP-1 from both HL-1 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Further research confirmed that CaSR acted as an upstream effector of monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) and coordinately regulated cell apoptosis, which was verified by addition of an inhibitor or activator of CaSR. Moreover, MCPIP1 induced cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress but not autophagy induced by I/R. Based on these findings, I/R-induced MCP-1 release regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the MCPIP1 and CaSR pathways, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy for I/R injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced monocyte chemotactic protein-1 release regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) and Ca2+-sensing receptor pathway. The functional changes mediated by MCPIP1 involve the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, but not the autophagy pathway, after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiebing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Basma H, Johanson AN, Dhar K, Anderson D, Qiu F, Rennard S, Lowes BD. TGF-β induces a heart failure phenotype via fibroblasts exosome signaling. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02633. [PMID: 31687497 PMCID: PMC6820308 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The mechanisms for persistent and progressive loss of myocardial function in advanced heart failure (HF) remain incompletely characterized. In the current study, we sought to determine the impact of TGF-β on fibroblasts transcriptional profiles and assess if exosomes from TGF-β treated fibroblasts could induce a heart failure phenotype in co-cultured cardiomyocytes. Method Normal heart fibroblasts were treated with TGF-β with a final conc. of 2.5 ng/ml in serum free media. HF fibroblasts were also obtained from patients undergoing implantation of left ventricular assist devices. Exosomes were collected using three-step ultracentrifugation. Cardiomyocytes were co-cultured with exosomes from TGF-β-treated, HF and control fibroblasts. RNA was extracted from the fibroblasts, exosomes, and the cardiomyocytes for a targeted panel of genes using Ion AmpliSeq. Fibroblast function was evaluated by collagen gel contraction. Results Fibroblasts treated with TGF-β differentially express 21 of the 140 genes in our targeted panel. These fibroblasts exhibit enhanced collagen gel contraction similar to HF fibroblasts. Fifty of these targeted genes were also differentially expressed in fibroblast exosomes. Pathway analysis of these transcriptional changes suggest hypertrophic signaling to cardiac muscle. Cardiomyocytes, co-cultured with exosomes from TGF- β treated fibroblasts or heart failure patients, differentially expressed 40 genes compared to controls. Cardiomyocytes co-cultured with exosomes of TGF-β treated fibroblasts induced a molecular phenotype similar to cardiomyocytes co-cultured with exosomes from HF fibroblasts. These changes involve contractile proteins, adrenergic receptors, calcium signaling, metabolism and cell renewal. Conclusion TGF-β induces broad transcriptional changes in fibroblasts as well as their exosomes. These exosomes induce a heart failure phenotype in cardiomyocytes. Exosome signaling from fibroblasts likely contributes to disease progression in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fang Qiu
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, USA
| | - Stephen Rennard
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, USA.,Early Clinical Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Bonnet S, Boucherat O, Paulin R, Wu D, Hindmarch CCT, Archer SL, Song R, Moore JB, Provencher S, Zhang L, Uchida S. Clinical value of non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular, pulmonary, and muscle diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 318:C1-C28. [PMID: 31483703 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00078.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although a majority of the mammalian genome is transcribed to RNA, mounting evidence indicates that only a minor proportion of these transcriptional products are actually translated into proteins. Since the discovery of the first non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in the 1980s, the field has gone on to recognize ncRNAs as important molecular regulators of RNA activity and protein function, knowledge of which has stimulated the expansion of a scientific field that quests to understand the role of ncRNAs in cellular physiology, tissue homeostasis, and human disease. Although our knowledge of these molecules has significantly improved over the years, we have limited understanding of their precise functions, protein interacting partners, and tissue-specific activities. Adding to this complexity, it remains unknown exactly how many ncRNAs there are in existence. The increased use of high-throughput transcriptomics techniques has rapidly expanded the list of ncRNAs, which now includes classical ncRNAs (e.g., ribosomal RNAs and transfer RNAs), microRNAs, and long ncRNAs. In addition, splicing by-products of protein-coding genes and ncRNAs, so-called circular RNAs, are now being investigated. Because there is substantial heterogeneity in the functions of ncRNAs, we have summarized the present state of knowledge regarding the functions of ncRNAs in heart, lungs, and skeletal muscle. This review highlights the pathophysiologic relevance of these ncRNAs in the context of human cardiovascular, pulmonary, and muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension and Vascular Biology Research Group, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension and Vascular Biology Research Group, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxane Paulin
- Pulmonary Hypertension and Vascular Biology Research Group, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles C T Hindmarch
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Joseph B Moore
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,The Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Pulmonary Hypertension and Vascular Biology Research Group, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,The Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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14
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Antunes JC, Benarroch L, Moraes FC, Juenet M, Gross MS, Aubart M, Boileau C, Caligiuri G, Nicoletti A, Ollivier V, Chaubet F, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C. Core-Shell Polymer-Based Nanoparticles Deliver miR-155-5p to Endothelial Cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2019; 17:210-222. [PMID: 31265949 PMCID: PMC6610682 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure occurs in over 30% of the worldwide population and most commonly originates from cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. microRNAs (miRNAs) target and silence specific mRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. Because the endogenous miR-155-5p has been ascribed to vasculoprotection, loading it onto positively charged, core-shell poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) (PIBCA)-polysaccharide nanoparticles (NPs) was attempted. NPs showed a decrease (p < 0.0001) in surface electrical charge (ζ potential), with negligible changes in size or shape when loaded with the anionic miR-155-5p. Presence of miR-155-5p in loaded NPs was further quantified. Cytocompatibility up to 100 μg/mL of NPs for 2 days with human coronary artery endothelial cells (hCAECs) was documented. NPs were able to enter hCAECs and were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of miR-155-5p was increased within the cells by 75-fold after 4 hours of incubation (p < 0.05) and was still noticeable at day 2. Differences between loaded NP-cultured cells and free miRNA, at days 1 (p < 0.05) and 2 (p < 0.001) suggest the ability of prolonged load release in physiological conditions. Expression of miR-155-5p downstream target BACH1 was decreased in the cells by 4-fold after 1 day of incubation (p < 0.05). This study is a first proof of concept that miR-155-5p can be loaded onto NPs and remain intact and biologically active in endothelial cells (ECs). These nanosystems could potentially increase an endogenous cytoprotective response and decrease damage within infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana C Antunes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Louise Benarroch
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Fernanda C Moraes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Maya Juenet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Sylvie Gross
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Chaubet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Chauvierre
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France.
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15
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Spannbauer A, Traxler D, Lukovic D, Zlabinger K, Winkler J, Gugerell A, Ferdinandy P, Hausenloy DJ, Pavo N, Emmert MY, Hoerstrup SP, Jakab A, Gyöngyösi M, Riesenhuber M. Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning on Exosome-Rich Fraction microRNA Levels, in Relation with Electrophysiological Parameters and Ventricular Arrhythmia in Experimental Closed-Chest Reperfused Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2140. [PMID: 31052231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the antiarrhythmic effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and postconditioning (PostC) by intracardiac electrocardiogram (ECG) and measured circulating microRNAs (miRs) that are related to cardiac conduction. Domestic pigs underwent 90-min. percutaneous occlusion of the mid left anterior coronary artery, followed by reperfusion. The animals were divided into three groups: acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n = 7), ischemic preconditioning-acute myocardial infarction (IPC-AMI) (n = 9), or AMI-PostC (n = 5). IPC was induced by three 5-min. episodes of repetitive ischemia/reperfusion cycles (rI/R) before AMI. PostC was induced by six 30-s rI/R immediately after induction of reperfusion 90 min after occlusion. Before the angiographic procedure, a NOGA endocardial mapping catheter was placed again the distal anterior ventricular endocardium to record the intracardiac electrogram (R-amplitude, ST-Elevation, ST-area under the curve (AUC), QRS width, and corrected QT time (QTc)) during the entire procedure. An arrhythmia score was calculated. Cardiac MRI was performed after one-month. IPC led to significantly lower ST-elevation, heart rate, and arrhythmia score during ischemia. PostC induced a rapid recovery of R-amplitude, decrease in QTc, and lower arrhythmia score during reperfusion. Slightly higher levels of miR-26 and miR-133 were observed in AMI compared to groups IPC-AMI and AMI-PostC. Significantly lower levels of miR-1, miR-208, and miR-328 were measured in the AMI-PostC group as compared to animals in group AMI and IPC-AMI. The arrhythmia score was not significantly associated with miRNA plasma levels. Cardiac MRI showed significantly smaller infarct size in the IPC-AMI group when compared to the AMI and AMI-PostC groups. Thus, IPC led to better left ventricular ejection fraction at one-month and it exerted antiarrhythmic effects during ischemia, whereas PostC exhibited antiarrhythmic properties after reperfusion, with significant downregulaton of ischemia-related miRNAs.
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16
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Yu J, Yang W, Wang W, Wang Z, Pu Y, Chen H, Wang F, Qian J. Involvement of miR-665 in protection effect of dexmedetomidine against Oxidative Stress Injury in myocardial cells via CB2 and CK1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108894. [PMID: 31026731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine (Dex) can confer cardioprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. While there are no studies addressing cardioprotection of Dex via regulation of microRNAs. The purpose of this study was to examine the roles and mechanisms of microRNA in cardioprotection of dexmedetomidine. METHODS Rat heart Langendorff preparation was established. We assayed expression profiling of miRNAs in perfused rat hearts and predicted Target genes using MiRanda, MiRDB, and TargetScan. Oxide stress (H2O2) was employed to simulate I/R injury. miR-665 mimic, inhibitor, and siRNA of AK1 and Cnr2 were transfected to H9C2. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify miR-665 and Ak1 and Cnr2 mRNA. The apoptosis of the cells was examined. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, AK1, and Cnr2 were detected by Western blot. The combination between miR-665 and the 3'-untranslated region of AK1 and Cnr2 was validated by a luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Dex precondition down-regulated miR-665 expression in hearts compared to I/R group. Dex reduced miR-665 expression and apoptosis increased by oxide stress. However, up-regulation of miR-665 exacerbated the changes caused by oxide stress and inhibited the effects of Dex. Down-regulation of miR-665 also reduced apoptosis, but inhibition of AK1 and Cnr2 aggravated apoptosis. The luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-665 could down-regulate expression levels of AK1 and Cnr2. CONCLUSIONS Dex precondition confers hearts protective effect against I/R injury by down-regulating expression of miR-665 and up-regulating expression of AK1 and Cnr2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuju Pu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kunming Angel Women's & Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jinqiao Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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17
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Ge L, Cai Y, Ying F, Liu H, Zhang D, He Y, Pang L, Yan D, Xu A, Ma H, Xia Z. miR-181c-5p Exacerbates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis via Targeting PTPN4. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:1957920. [PMID: 31178952 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1957920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Activation of cell apoptosis is a major form of cell death during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). Therefore, examining ways to control cell apoptosis has important clinical significance for improving postischemic recovery. Clinical evidence demonstrated that miR-181c-5p was significantly upregulated in the early phase of myocardial infarction. However, whether or not miR-181c-5p mediates cardiac I/RI through cell apoptosis pathway is unknown. Thus, the present study is aimed at investigating the role and the possible mechanism of miR-181c-5p in apoptosis during I/R injury by using H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results The rat origin H9C2 cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R, 6 hours hypoxia followed by 6 hours reoxygenation) to induce cell injury. The results showed that H/R significantly increased the expression of miR-181c-5p but not miR-181c-3p in H9C2 cells. In line with this, in an in vivo rat cardiac I/RI model, miR-181c-5p expression was also significantly increased. The overexpression of miR-181c-5p by its agomir transfection significantly aggravated H/R-induced cell injury (increased lactate dehydrogenase level and reduced cell viability) and exacerbated H/R-induced cell apoptosis (greater cleaved caspases 3 expression, Bax/Bcl-2 and more TUNEL-positive cells). In contrast, inhibition of miR-181c-5p in vitro had the opposite effect. By using computational prediction algorithms, protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 4 (PTPN4) was predicted as a potential target gene of miR-181c-5p and was verified by the luciferase reporter assay. The overexpression of miR-181c-5p significantly attenuated the mRNA and protein expression of PTPN4 in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Moreover, knockdown of PTPN4 significantly aggravated H/R-induced enhancement of LDH level, cleaved caspase 3 expression, and apoptotic cell death, which mimicked the proapoptotic effects of miR-181c-5p in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Conclusions These findings suggested that miR-181c-5p exacerbates H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury and apoptosis via targeting PTPN4 and that miR-181c-5p/PTPN4 signaling may yield novel strategies to combat myocardial I/R injury.
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18
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Sessa F, Salerno M, Di Mizio G, Bertozzi G, Messina G, Tomaiuolo B, Pisanelli D, Maglietta F, Ricci P, Pomara C. Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Searching New Molecular Biomarkers. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1321. [PMID: 30524281 PMCID: PMC6256094 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Even if anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse is clearly associated with a wide spectrum of collateral effects, adolescents and athletes frequently use a large group of synthetic derivatives of testosterone, both for aesthetic uses and for improving performance. Over the last few years, the development of MicroRNA (miRNA) technologies has become an essential part of research projects and their role as potential molecular biomarkers is being investigated by the scientific community. The circulating miRNAs detection as a diagnostic or prognostic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases is very useful, because with a minimal quantity of sample (peripheral blood), miRNAs are very sensitive. Even more, miRNAs remain stable both at room temperature and during freeze-thaw cycles. These characteristics highlight the important role of miRNAs in the near future as new tools for anti-doping. The article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of miRNAs as new potential molecular biomarkers of AAS use/abuse. Particularly, this paper analyzed the “miRNA signature” use as biomarkers for health disorders, focusing on the organ damages which are related to ASS use/abuse. Moreover, this review aims to provide a future prospect for less invasive or non-invasive procedures for the detection of circulating miRNA biomarkers as doping assumption signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sessa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Monica Salerno
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giulio Di Mizio
- Department of Legal, Historical, Economic and Social Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bertozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Benedetta Tomaiuolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Pisanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Maglietta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pietrantonio Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.,Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Pomara
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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19
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Guedes EC, da Silva IB, Lima VM, Miranda JB, Albuquerque RP, Ferreira JCB, Barreto‐Chaves MLM, Diniz GP. High fat diet reduces the expression of miRNA‐29b in heart and increases susceptibility of myocardium to ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9399-9407. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Castilho Guedes
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivson Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
- Department of Morphology Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba Joao Pessoa Brazil
| | - Vanessa Morais Lima
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliane B. Miranda
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Rudá P. Albuquerque
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Integrative Systems Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Julio C. B. Ferreira
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Integrative Systems Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza M. Barreto‐Chaves
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Gabriela Placoná Diniz
- Department of Anatomy Laboratory of Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
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20
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Sun X, Zhang Y, Xi S, Ma L, Li S. MiR‐330‐3p suppresses phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 ‐inducted mitophagy to alleviate hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4255-4267. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Li Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Yan‐Le Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Shou‐Min Xi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Ling‐Jun Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Shi‐Peng Li
- Department of General Surgery Jiaozuo People’s Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University Jiaozuo China
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Qin L, Yang W, Wang YX, Wang ZJ, Li CC, Li M, Liu JY. MicroRNA-497 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes through the downregulation of Mfn2 in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:103-114. [PMID: 29852387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury affects millions of people worldwide and has a very high mortality rate. Since microRNA-497 (miR-497) has been found to be related with cardiomyocyte apoptosis, this study aimed to explore the effect of miR-497 by targeting Mfn2 in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. MATERIALS BALB/c mice were modeled with I/R and some were injected with miR-497 agomir before I/R to observe whether miR-497 alleviates the injury that occurs as a result of I/R. Bioinformatics website and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were employed in order to detect the relations between miR-497 and Mfn2 gene. Next, cells were extracted to be transfected with different mimic, inhibitor and siRNAs to further explore how miR-497 acts to I/R. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were conducted to measure expressions of miR-497, Mfn2, Fas, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in myocardial tissues and cardiomyocytes after transfection. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to determine proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in each group after transfection. RESULTS Mice with I/R had myocardial dysfunction but before the injection with miR-497 agomir, the impairment was alleviated. Mfn2 was verified as the target gene of miR-497. The inhibition of miR-497 in turn inhibits Mfn2 expressione and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The overexpression of miR-497 and Mfn2 gene silencing can lead to the promotion of proliferation capability of mice cardiomyocytes in vitro. Overexpressed miR-497 and Mfn2 gene silencing can also facilitate cell cycle entry and inhibit the apoptosis cardiomyocytes of mice in vitro. CONCLUSION The present study provided strong evidence that miR-497 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by downregulating the expression of Mfn2 in a mouse model of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Yao-Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Zhen-Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Chen-Chen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China
| | - Jie-Yun Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000, PR China.
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22
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Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is multidimensional involving complicated intracellular networks concerned with the transduction of hypoxia-induced responses. Of all the stresses to which the fetus and newborn infant are subjected, perhaps the most important and clinically relevant is that of hypoxia. Hypoxia during gestation impacts both the mother and fetal development through interactions with an individual's genetic traits acquired over multiple generations by natural selection and changes in gene expression patterns by altering the epigenetic code. Changes in the epigenome determine "genomic plasticity," i.e., the ability of genes to be differentially expressed according to environmental cues. The genomic plasticity defined by epigenomic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs during development is the mechanistic substrate for phenotypic programming that determines physiological response and risk for healthy or deleterious outcomes. This review explores the impact of gestational hypoxia on maternal health and fetal development, and epigenetic mechanisms of developmental plasticity with emphasis on the uteroplacental circulation, heart development, cerebral circulation, pulmonary development, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and adipose tissue. The complex molecular and epigenetic interactions that may impact an individual's physiology and developmental programming of health and disease later in life are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Ducsay
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Ravi Goyal
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - William J. Pearce
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Sean Wilson
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Xiang-Qun Hu
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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23
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Lopes KDP, Vinasco-Sandoval T, Vialle RA, Paschoal FM, Bastos VAPA, Bor-Seng-Shu E, Teixeira MJ, Yamada ES, Pinto P, Vidal AF, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos A, Moreira F, Santos S, Paschoal EHA, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos Â. Global miRNA expression profile reveals novel molecular players in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8786. [PMID: 29884860 PMCID: PMC5993784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27078-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms behind aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) are still poorly understood. Expression patterns of miRNAs may help elucidate the post-transcriptional gene expression in aSAH. Here, we evaluate the global miRNAs expression profile (miRnome) of patients with aSAH to identify potential biomarkers. We collected 33 peripheral blood samples (27 patients with cerebral aneurysm, collected 7 to 10 days after the haemorrhage, when usually is the cerebral vasospasm risk peak, and six controls). Then, were performed small RNA sequencing using an Illumina Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) platform. Differential expression analysis identified eight differentially expressed miRNAs. Among them, three were identified being up-regulated, and five down-regulated. miR-486-5p was the most abundant expressed and is associated with poor neurological admission status. In silico miRNA gene target prediction showed 148 genes associated with at least two differentially expressed miRNAs. Among these, THBS1 and VEGFA, known to be related to thrombospondin and vascular endothelial growth factor. Moreover, MYC gene was found to be regulated by four miRNAs, suggesting an important role in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Additionally, 15 novel miRNAs were predicted being expressed only in aSAH, suggesting possible involvement in aneurysm pathogenesis. These findings may help the identification of novel biomarkers of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Vinasco-Sandoval
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Assunção Vialle
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fernando Mendes Paschoal
- Serviço de Neurocirurgia - Hospital Ophir Loyola, Unidade Neuromuscular do Complexo Hospitalar da UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Bor-Seng-Shu
- Serviço de Neurocirurgia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira
- Serviço de Neurocirurgia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Sumi Yamada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Grupo de Pesquisa Amazônia Neurovascular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Pablo Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ferreira Vidal
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Arthur Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Moreira
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Eric Homero Albuquerque Paschoal
- Serviço de Neurofisiologia Intraoperatória, Neurogenesis Instituto de Neurociências, Belém, Brazil.,Grupo de Pesquisa Amazônia Neurovascular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil. .,Grupo de Pesquisa Amazônia Neurovascular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.
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24
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Concepcion KR, Zhang L. Corticosteroids and perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1718-1732. [PMID: 29778695 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is the major cause of neonatal mortality and severe long-term neurological morbidity. Yet, the effective therapeutic interventions currently available are extremely limited. Corticosteroids act on both mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors and modulate inflammation and apoptosis in the brain. Neuroinflammatory response to acute cerebral HI is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of perinatal brain injury. Here, we give an overview of current knowledge of corticosteroid-mediated modulations of inflammation and apoptosis in the neonatal brain, focusing on key regulatory cells of the innate and adaptive immune response. In addition, we provide new insights into targets of MR and GR in potential therapeutic strategies that could be beneficial for the treatment of infants with HI brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Concepcion
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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25
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Gryshkova V, Fleming A, McGhan P, De Ron P, Fleurance R, Valentin JP, Nogueira da Costa A. miR-21-5p as a potential biomarker of inflammatory infiltration in the heart upon acute drug-induced cardiac injury in rats. Toxicol Lett 2018; 286:31-8. [PMID: 29355689 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of genomic changes in cardiotoxicity can provide novel biomarkers and insights into molecular mechanisms of drug-induced cardiac injury (DICI). The main objective of this study was to identify and characterize dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the heart associated with cardiotoxicity. Wistar rats were dosed once with either isoproterenol (1.5 mg/kg, i.p), allylamine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) or the respective vehicle controls. Heart tissue was collected at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post-drug administration and used for histopathological assessment, miRNA profiling, immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization. Multiplex analysis of 68 miRNAs in the heart revealed a significant upregulation of several miRNAs (miR-19a-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-208b-3p, miR-21-5p) after isoproterenol and one miRNA (miR-21-5p) after allylamine administration. Localization of miR-21-5p was specific to inflammatory cell infiltrates in the heart after both treatments. Immunohistochemical analysis of Stat3, a known miR-21-5p regulator, also confirmed its upregulation in cardiomyocytes and inflammatory cell infiltrates. The toxicity signatures based on miRNA networks, identified in vivo, can potentially be used as mechanistic biomarkers as well as to study cardiotoxicity in vitro in order to develop sensitive tools for early hazard identification and risk assessment.
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26
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Xie X, Zhu T, Chen L, Ding S, Chu H, Wang J, Yao H, Chao J. MCPIP1-induced autophagy mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury in endothelial cells via HMGB1 and CaSR. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1735. [PMID: 29379093 PMCID: PMC5788920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) plays a important role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Autophagy is involved in activating endothelial cells in response to I/R. However, researchers have not clearly determined whether MCPIP1 mediates I/R injury in endothelial cells via autophagy, and its downstream mechanism remains unclear. Western blotting analyses and immunocytochemistry were applied to detect protein levels were detected in HUVECs. An in vitro scratch assay was used to detect cell migration. Cells were transfected with siRNAs to knockdown MCPIP1 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression. The pharmacological activator of autophagy rapamycin and the specific calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) inhibitor NPS-2143 were used to confirm the roles of autophagy and CaSR in I/R injury. I/R induced HMGB1 and CaSR expression, which subsequently upreguated the migration and apoptosis of HUVECs and coincided with the increase of autophagy. HMGB1 was involved in cell migration, whereas CaSR specifically participated in I/R-induced HUVEC apoptosis. Based on these findings, I/R-induced MCPIP1 expression regulates the migration and apoptosis of HUVECs via HMGB1 and CaSR, respectively, suggesting a new therapeutic targetof I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Tiebing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China. .,Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Han Chu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.,Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China. .,Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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27
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Lee H, Tak H, Park SJ, Jo YK, Cho DH, Lee EK. microRNA-200a-3p enhances mitochondrial elongation by targeting mitochondrial fission factor. BMB Rep 2018; 50:214-219. [PMID: 28148392 PMCID: PMC5437966 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.4.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play pivotal roles in the ATP production, apoptosis and generation of reactive oxygen species. Although dynamic regulation of mitochondria morphology is a critical step to maintain cellular homeostasis, the regulatory mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we identified miR-200a-3p as a novel regulator of mitochondrial dynamics by targeting mitochondrial fission factor (MFF). We demonstrated that the ectopic expression of miR-200a-3p enhanced mitochondrial elongation, mitochondrial ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption rate. These results indicate that miR-200a-3p positively regulates mitochondrial elongation by downregulating MFF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Hyosun Tak
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - So Jung Park
- Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17014, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jo
- Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17014, Korea
| | - Dong Hyung Cho
- Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17014, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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28
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Sun G, Lu Y, Li Y, Mao J, Zhang J, Jin Y, Li Y, Sun Y, Liu L, Li L. miR-19a protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis via PTEN/PI3K/p-Akt pathway. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170899. [PMID: 29054970 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20170899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have been implicated in processing of cardiac hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury. Recent studies demonstrated that miR-19a might provide a potential cardioprotective effect on myocardial disease. However, the effect of miR-19a in regulating myocardial ischemic injury has not been previously addressed. The present study was to investigate the effect of miR-19a on myocardial ischemic injury and identified the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Using the H/R model of rat cardiomyocytes H9C2 in vitro, we found that miR-19a was in low expression in H9C2 cells after H/R treatment and H/R dramatically decreased cardiomyocyte viability, and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which were attenuated by co-transfection with miR-19a mimic. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting assay revealed that PTEN was a direct target gene of miR-19a, and miR-19a suppressed the expression of PTEN via binding to its 3′-UTR. We further identified that overexpression of miR-19a inhibited the expression of PTEN at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, PTEN was highly expressed in H/R H9C2 cells and the apoptosis induced by H/R was associated with the increase in PTEN expression. Importantly, miR-19a mimic significantly increased p-Akt levels under H/R. In conclusion, our findings indicate that miR-19a could protect against H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting PTEN /PI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway.
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29
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Xu J, Tang Y, Bei Y, Ding S, Che L, Yao J, Wang H, Lv D, Xiao J. miR-19b attenuates H2O2-induced apoptosis in rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes via targeting PTEN. Oncotarget 2017; 7:10870-8. [PMID: 26918829 PMCID: PMC4905445 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury lacks effective treatments. The miR-17-92 cluster plays important roles in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and other pivotal processes. However, their roles in myocardial I-R injury are largely unknown. In this study, we found that miR-19b was the only member of the miR-17-92 cluster that was downregulated in infarct area of heart samples from a murine model of I-R injury. Meanwhile, downregulation of miR-19b was also detected in H2O2-treated H9C2 cells in vitro mimicking oxidative stress occurring during myocardial I-R injury. Using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis, we found that overexpression of miR-19b decreased H2O2-induced apoptosis and improved cell survival, while downregulation of that had inverse effects. Furthermore, PTEN was negatively regulated by miR-19b at the protein level while silencing PTEN could completely block the aggravated impact of miR-19b inhibitor on H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cardiomyocytes, indicating PTEN as a downstream target of miR-19b controlling H2O2-induced apoptosis. These data indicate that miR-19b overexpression might be a novel therapy for myocardial I-R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Bei
- Regeneration and Ageing Laboratory, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengguang Ding
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanTong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lin Che
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Yangpu District Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Yangpu District Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongchao Lv
- Regeneration and Ageing Laboratory, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Regeneration and Ageing Laboratory, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Li Y, Wen S, Yao X, Liu W, Shen J, Deng W, Tang J, Li C, Liu K. MicroRNA-378 protects against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury via a mechanism involving the inhibition of intestinal mucosal cell apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3127. [PMID: 29022896 PMCID: PMC5682673 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a major clinical event and contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in organ I/R injury, but the changes and potential roles of miRNAs in intestinal I/R-induced intestinal injury are unclear. This study was designed to analyze the miRNA expression profiles in intestinal mucosa after I/R injury and to explore the role of target miRNA during this process. Using miRNA microarray analysis, we found changes of 19 miRNAs from the expression profile of miRNAs in a mouse model of intestinal I/R and further verified them by RT-qPCR. Here, we report that miR-378 is one of the markedly decreased miRNAs and found the putative target mRNA that is linked to cell death after applying the TargetScan, miRanda, CLIP-Seq and miRDB prediction algorithms. Our results show that the overexpression of miR-378 significantly ameliorated intestinal tissue damage in wild-type and transgenic mice and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion-challenged IEC-6 cell injury. Moreover, miR-378 overexpression reduced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in both in vivo and in vitro ischemic models and attenuated cleaved caspase-3 expression. Collectively, our results revealed that the suppression of caspase-3 activation by miRNA-378 overexpression may be involved in the protective effects of intestinal ischemic damage. MiRNA-378 may serve as a key regulator and therapeutic target in intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shihong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jiantong Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wentao Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Kexuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
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31
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Di YF, Li DC, Shen YQ, Wang CL, Zhang DY, Shang AQ, Hu T. MiR-146b protects cardiomyocytes injury in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion by targeting Smad4. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:656-663. [PMID: 28337293 PMCID: PMC5340700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs, a class of small and non-encoding RNAs that transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally modulate the expression of their target genes, have been implicated as critical regulatory molecules in many cardiovascular diseases, including ischemia-/reperfusion-induced cardiac injury. In the present study, we report on the role of miR-146b in myocardial I/R injury and the underlying cardio-protective mechanism. Antagomir-146b was used to explore the effects of miR-146b on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (30 min ischemia followed by 180 min reperfusion). As predicted, miR-146b overexpression significantly reduced the infarct size and cardiomyocytes apoptosis and release of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, miR-146b attenuated H9c2 cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Smad4 was predicted and verified as a potential miR-146b target using bioinformatics and luciferase assay. In summary, this study demonstrated that miR-146b plays a critical protective role in cardiac ischemic injury and may provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Di
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College)No.56, Fucheng District, Mianyang City 621000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - De-Cai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College)No.56, Fucheng District, Mianyang City 621000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan-Qing Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Ho.2 People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu 214002, China
| | - Chun-Lei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth People’s Hospital of Yancheng CityYancheng 224005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Da-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College)No.56, Fucheng District, Mianyang City 621000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - An-Quan Shang
- Clinical Medicine School, Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan, Ningxia 75004, China
| | - Teng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College)No.56, Fucheng District, Mianyang City 621000, Sichuan Province, China
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32
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Liu N, Shi YF, Diao HY, Li YX, Cui Y, Song XJ, Tian X, Li TY, Liu B. MicroRNA-135a Regulates Apoptosis Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Rat Cardiomyoblast Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:13-21. [PMID: 28123342 PMCID: PMC5264257 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis are the most important pathologic features of ischemic heart disease. Recent research has indicated that microRNAs (miRs) play an essential role in apoptosis. However, whether miRs might regulate B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein in apoptosis during ischemic heart disease is still unclear. The aim of this study, therefore, was to confirm the regulation of microRNA-135a (miR-135a) in oxidative stress injuries induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in rat cardiomyoblast cells H9c2. To this end, we analyzed the effects of H2O2 treatment on miR-135a expression in rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we upregulated and inhibited miR-135a using mimics and inhibitors, respectively, and examined the effects on cell viability and apoptosis-related proteins. We observed that miR-135a was markedly up-regulated under H2O2 treatment in rat cardiomyoblast cells. Overexpression of miR-135a blocked the Bcl-2 protein and enhanced the apoptosis induced by H2O2, and miR-135a inhibition restored Bcl-2 protein expression. Interestingly, miR-135a inhibition did not attenuate H2O2-induced apoptosis with Bcl-2 knockdown. The results of the present study indicate that miR-135a regulates H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells via targeting Bcl-2, and that miR-135a may be a novel therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yong-Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Hong-Ying Diao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yang-Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Xian-Jing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Tian-Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
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Abstract
Ischemic disorders, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, are the most common causes of debilitating disease and death in westernized cultures. The extent of tissue injury relates directly to the extent of blood flow reduction and to the length of the ischemic period, which influence the levels to which cellular ATP and intracellular pH are reduced. By impairing ATPase-dependent ion transport, ischemia causes intracellular and mitochondrial calcium levels to increase (calcium overload). Cell volume regulatory mechanisms are also disrupted by the lack of ATP, which can induce lysis of organelle and plasma membranes. Reperfusion, although required to salvage oxygen-starved tissues, produces paradoxical tissue responses that fuel the production of reactive oxygen species (oxygen paradox), sequestration of proinflammatory immunocytes in ischemic tissues, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and development of postischemic capillary no-reflow, which amplify tissue injury. These pathologic events culminate in opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores as a common end-effector of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cell lysis and death. Emerging concepts include the influence of the intestinal microbiome, fetal programming, epigenetic changes, and microparticles in the pathogenesis of I/R. The overall goal of this review is to describe these and other mechanisms that contribute to I/R injury. Because so many different deleterious events participate in I/R, it is clear that therapeutic approaches will be effective only when multiple pathologic processes are targeted. In addition, the translational significance of I/R research will be enhanced by much wider use of animal models that incorporate the complicating effects of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:113-170, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Kalogeris
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher P. Baines
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Maike Krenz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ronald J. Korthuis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Mao HP, Wang XY, Gao YH, Chang YX, Chen L, Niu ZC, Ai JQ, Gao XM. Danhong injection attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating p38 and NF-κb pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 186:20-29. [PMID: 26970569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danhong injection (DHI), derived from Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Labiatae, Danshen in Chinese) and Flos Carthami (Carthamus tinctorius L., Compositae, Salvia militiorrhiza Bunge), is an extensively-used Chinese material standardized clinical product for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an adaptive response of cardiomyocytes. Long-lasting cardiac hypertrophy results in the loss of compensation by cardiomyocytes which could ultimately develop into heart failure. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect and exact mechanisms of DHI on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced CH. MATERIALS AND METHODS H9c2 cells and male Wistar rats were stimulated by ISO in the present study to establish CH models in vitro and in vivo. CCk-8 assay, Western blot, real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Echocardiography were used in the present study. RESULTS DHI significantly attenuated ISO-induced CH of H9c2 cells (p<0.01). DHI decreased ISO-induced atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) elevation both at the mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Western blot showed that DHI down-regulated the phosphorylation of p38. Furthermore, we found that DHI inhibited the nuclear translocation and activation of NF-κb. Echocardiography from ISO-induced CH rats showed that DHI significantly decreased left ventricle (LV) mass, the thickness of the LV end-systolic posterior wall (LVPWs), and the LV end-diastolic posterior wall (LVPWd) elevated by ISO (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that DHI might exert anti-cardiac hypertrophic effects by regulating p38 and NF-κb pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ping Mao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xing-Ye Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yun Hang Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yan-Xu Chang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zi-Chang Niu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ju-Qing Ai
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiu-Mei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Abstract
Despite an obnoxious smell and toxicity at a high dose, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as a cardioprotective gasotransmitter. H2S mitigates pathological cardiac remodeling by regulating several cellular processes including fibrosis, hypertrophy, apoptosis, and inflammation. These encouraging findings in rodents led to initiation of a clinical trial using a H2S donor in heart failure patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which H2S mitigates cardiac remodeling are not completely understood. Empirical evidence suggest that H2S may regulate signaling pathways either by directly influencing a gene in the cascade or interacting with nitric oxide (another cardioprotective gasotransmitter) or both. Recent studies revealed that H2S may ameliorate cardiac dysfunction by up- or downregulating specific microRNAs. MicroRNAs are noncoding, conserved, regulatory RNAs that modulate gene expression mostly by translational inhibition and are emerging as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Few microRNAs also regulate H2S biosynthesis. The inter-regulation of microRNAs and H2S opens a new avenue for exploring the H2S-microRNA crosstalk in CVD. This review embodies regulatory mechanisms that maintain the physiological level of H2S, exogenous H2S donors used for increasing the tissue levels of H2S, H2S-mediated regulation of CVD, H2S-microRNAs crosstalk in relation to the pathophysiology of heart disease, clinical trials on H2S, and future perspectives for H2S as a therapeutic agent for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan T Hackfort
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Yang Q, He GW, Underwood MJ, Yu CM. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial ischemia/reperfusion injury: perspectives and implications for postischemic myocardial protection. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:765-777. [PMID: 27158368 PMCID: PMC4846925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of myocardial damage. Despite continuous efforts, minimizing I/R injury still represents a great challenge in standard medical treatments of ischemic heart disease, i.e., thrombolytic therapy, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary arterial bypass grafting. Development of effective interventions and strategies to prevent or reduce myocardial I/R injury is therefore of great clinical significance. Endothelial dysfunction plays a significant role in myocardial I/R injury, which renders endothelial cells an attractive target for postischemic myocardial protection. The rapidly evolving knowledge of the mechanisms of endothelial I/R injury helps broaden perspective for future development of novel strategies targeting endothelium for alleviating myocardial I/R damage. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial I/R injury. Current perspectives and future directions for developing endothelium targeting therapeutics for postischemic myocardial protection are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteHong Kong
- TEDA International Cardiovascular HospitalTianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- TEDA International Cardiovascular HospitalTianjin, China
- Hangzhou Normal University & Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Malcolm John Underwood
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Cheuk-Man Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteHong Kong
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Espinosa-Diez C, Miguel V, Mennerich D, Kietzmann T, Sánchez-Pérez P, Cadenas S, Lamas S. Antioxidant responses and cellular adjustments to oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2015; 6:183-197. [PMID: 26233704 PMCID: PMC4534574 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 687] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox biological reactions are now accepted to bear the Janus faceted feature of promoting both physiological signaling responses and pathophysiological cues. Endogenous antioxidant molecules participate in both scenarios. This review focuses on the role of crucial cellular nucleophiles, such as glutathione, and their capacity to interact with oxidants and to establish networks with other critical enzymes such as peroxiredoxins. We discuss the importance of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway as an example of a transcriptional antioxidant response and we summarize transcriptional routes related to redox activation. As examples of pathophysiological cellular and tissular settings where antioxidant responses are major players we highlight endoplasmic reticulum stress and ischemia reperfusion. Topologically confined redox-mediated post-translational modifications of thiols are considered important molecular mechanisms mediating many antioxidant responses, whereas redox-sensitive microRNAs have emerged as key players in the posttranscriptional regulation of redox-mediated gene expression. Understanding such mechanisms may provide the basis for antioxidant-based therapeutic interventions in redox-related diseases. Antioxidant responses are crucial for both redox signaling and redox damage. Glutathione-mediated reactions and Nrf2-Keap1 pathway are key antioxidant responses. Redox-related post-translational modifications activate specific signaling pathways. Redox-sensitive microRNAs contribute to redox-mediated gene expression regulation. ER stress and ischemia-reperfusion are antioxidant-related pathophysiological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Espinosa-Diez
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Mennerich
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Aapistie 7, University of Oulu, FI-90230 Oulu, Finland
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Aapistie 7, University of Oulu, FI-90230 Oulu, Finland
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Pérez
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Cadenas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Song MA, Dasgupta C, Zhang L. Chronic Losartan Treatment Up-Regulates AT1R and Increases the Heart Vulnerability to Acute Onset of Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Male Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132712. [PMID: 26168042 PMCID: PMC4500443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is an important therapy in the management of hypertension, particularly in the immediate post-myocardial infarction period. Yet, the role of AT1R in the acute onset of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury still remains controversial. Thus, the present study determined the effects of chronic losartan treatment on heart ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. Losartan (10 mg/kg/day) was administered to six-month-old male rats via an osmotic pump for 14 days and hearts were then isolated and were subjected to ischemia and reperfusion injury in a Langendorff preparation. Losartan significantly decreased mean arterial blood pressure. However, heart weight, left ventricle to body weight ratio and baseline cardiac function were not significantly altered by the losartan treatment. Of interest, chronic in vivo losartan treatment significantly increased ischemia-induced myocardial injury and decreased post-ischemic recovery of left ventricular function. This was associated with significant increases in AT1R and PKCδ expression in the left ventricle. In contrast, AT2R and PKCε were not altered. Furthermore, losartan treatment significantly increased microRNA (miR)-1, -15b, -92a, -133a, -133b, -210, and -499 expression but decreased miR-21 in the left ventricle. Of importance, addition of losartan to isolated heart preparations blocked the effect of increased ischemic-injury induced by in vivo chronic losartan treatment. The results demonstrate that chronic losartan treatment up-regulates AT1R/PKCδ and alters miR expression patterns in the heart, leading to increased cardiac vulnerability to ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo A. Song
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
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Shi L, Liao J, Liu B, Zeng F, Zhang L. Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of microRNAs in hypertension. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1188-204. [PMID: 26004493 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is the major risk factor for the development of stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure and renal disease. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of hypertension are complex and remain largely elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNA fragments of 22-26 nucleotides and regulate protein expression post-transcriptionally by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA. A growing body of recent research indicates that miRNAs are important in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of miRNAs in cardiovascular remodeling, focusing specifically on hypertension. We also review recent progress of the miRNA-based therapeutics including pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies (such as exercise training) and their potential applications in the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jingwen Liao
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fanxing Zeng
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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Hong S, Lee J, Seo HH, Lee CY, Yoo KJ, Kim SM, Lee S, Hwang KC, Choi E. Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger targeting miR-132 prevents apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypoxic condition by suppressing Ca(2+) overload. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:931-7. [PMID: 25839659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
During ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the heart, Ca(2+) overload occurs, leading to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and eventual cell death by apoptosis. Since preventing Ca(2+) overload during IR injury has been reported to protect cardiomyocytes, interrupting Ca(2+) signaling cascades leading to Ca(2+) overload may exert protective effect on cardiomyocytes under hypoxic condition. One of the key regulators of the intracellular Ca(2+) level during IR injury is Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1), whose down-regulation during IR injury conferred protection of heart. In the present study, we examined whether down-regulation of NCX1 using exogenous microRNA ameliorates apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypoxic condition. Here, we identified miR-132 as a novel microRNA targeting the NCX1, whose expression increased during hypoxia. Delivery of miR-132 suppressed the increase of intracellular Ca(2+) in cardiomyocytes under hypoxia, and the expressions of apoptotic molecules, such as Bax, cytochrome C, and caspase 3, and the number of apoptotic cells were also decreased by exogenous miR-132 treatment. These results suggest the potential of miR-132 as an effective therapeutic agent against IR damage to heart by preventing Ca(2+) overload during hypoxic condition and warrant further studies to validate its anti-apoptotic effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonchang Hong
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jong Yoo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Man Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 404-834, Republic of Korea; Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Republic of Korea.
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