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Sebastián SM, Alejandro C, Ignacio E, Sophia G, Pía VM, Andrea R. Monte Carlo simulations of cell survival in proton SOBP. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68:195024. [PMID: 37673077 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acf752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective. The objective of this study is to develop a multi-scale modeling approach that accurately predicts radiation-induced DNA damage and survival fraction in specific cell lines.Approach. A Monte Carlo based simulation framework was employed to make the predictions. The FLUKA Monte Carlo code was utilized to estimate absorbed doses and fluence energy spectra, which were then used in the Monte Carlo Damage Simulation code to compute DNA damage yields in Chinese hamster V79 cell lines. The outputs were converted into cell survival fractions using a previously published theoretical model. To reduce the uncertainties of the predictions, new values for the parameters of the theoretical model were computed, expanding the database of experimental points considered in the previous estimation. Simulated results were validated against experimental data, confirming the applicability of the framework for proton beams up to 230 MeV. Additionally, the impact of secondary particles on cell survival was estimated.Main results. The simulated survival fraction versus depth in a glycerol phantom is reported for eighteen different configurations. Two proton spread out Bragg peaks at several doses were simulated and compared with experimental data. In all cases, the simulations follow the experimental trends, demonstrating the accuracy of the predictions up to 230 MeV.Significance. This study holds significant importance as it contributes to the advancement of models for predicting biological responses to radiation, ultimately contributing to more effective cancer treatment in proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carabe Alejandro
- Hampton University Proton Therapy Institute, 40 Enterprise Pkwy Hampton, VA 2366, United States of America
| | - Espinoza Ignacio
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - Galvez Sophia
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - Valenzuela María Pía
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
| | - Russomando Andrea
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 7820436 Santiago, Chile
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Bláha P, Feoli C, Agosteo S, Calvaruso M, Cammarata FP, Catalano R, Ciocca M, Cirrone GAP, Conte V, Cuttone G, Facoetti A, Forte GI, Giuffrida L, Magro G, Margarone D, Minafra L, Petringa G, Pucci G, Ricciardi V, Rosa E, Russo G, Manti L. The Proton-Boron Reaction Increases the Radiobiological Effectiveness of Clinical Low- and High-Energy Proton Beams: Novel Experimental Evidence and Perspectives. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682647. [PMID: 34262867 PMCID: PMC8274279 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protontherapy is a rapidly expanding radiotherapy modality where accelerated proton beams are used to precisely deliver the dose to the tumor target but is generally considered ineffective against radioresistant tumors. Proton-Boron Capture Therapy (PBCT) is a novel approach aimed at enhancing proton biological effectiveness. PBCT exploits a nuclear fusion reaction between low-energy protons and 11B atoms, i.e. p+11B→ 3α (p-B), which is supposed to produce highly-DNA damaging α-particles exclusively across the tumor-conformed Spread-Out Bragg Peak (SOBP), without harming healthy tissues in the beam entrance channel. To confirm previous work on PBCT, here we report new in-vitro data obtained at the 62-MeV ocular melanoma-dedicated proton beamline of the INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Catania, Italy. For the first time, we also tested PBCT at the 250-MeV proton beamline used for deep-seated cancers at the Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), Pavia, Italy. We used Sodium Mercaptododecaborate (BSH) as 11B carrier, DU145 prostate cancer cells to assess cell killing and non-cancer epithelial breast MCF-10A cells for quantifying chromosome aberrations (CAs) by FISH painting and DNA repair pathway protein expression by western blotting. Cells were exposed at various depths along the two clinical SOBPs. Compared to exposure in the absence of boron, proton irradiation in the presence of BSH significantly reduced DU145 clonogenic survival and increased both frequency and complexity of CAs in MCF-10A cells at the mid- and distal SOBP positions, but not at the beam entrance. BSH-mediated enhancement of DNA damage response was also found at mid-SOBP. These results corroborate PBCT as a strategy to render protontherapy amenable towards radiotherapy-resilient tumor. If coupled with emerging proton FLASH radiotherapy modalities, PBCT could thus widen the protontherapy therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bláha
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Feoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Agosteo
- Energy Department, Politecnico di Milano, and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Calvaruso
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Cammarata
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Mario Ciocca
- Medical Physics Unit & Research Department, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) & INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Conte
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), INFN, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - Angelica Facoetti
- Medical Physics Unit & Research Department, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) & INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giusi Irma Forte
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Giuffrida
- Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Center, Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Giuseppe Magro
- Medical Physics Unit & Research Department, Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) & INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Margarone
- Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Center, Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Luigi Minafra
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy
| | - Giada Petringa
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy.,Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Center, Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Gaia Pucci
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STeBiCeF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Ricciardi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy.,Department of Mathematics & Physics, Università L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Enrico Rosa
- Radiation Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics "E. Pancini", Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Russo
- Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy.,Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), INFN, Catania, Italy.,The Sicilian Center of Nuclear Physics and the Structure of Matter (CSFNSM), Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Manti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy.,Radiation Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics "E. Pancini", Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Bravatà V, Tinganelli W, Cammarata FP, Minafra L, Calvaruso M, Sokol O, Petringa G, Cirrone GAP, Scifoni E, Forte GI, Russo G. Hypoxia Transcriptomic Modifications Induced by Proton Irradiation in U87 Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Line. J Pers Med 2021; 11:308. [PMID: 33923454 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), hypoxia is associated with radioresistance and poor prognosis. Since standard GBM treatments are not always effective, new strategies are needed to overcome resistance to therapeutic treatments, including radiotherapy (RT). Our study aims to shed light on the biomarker network involved in a hypoxic (0.2% oxygen) GBM cell line that is radioresistant after proton therapy (PT). For cultivating cells in acute hypoxia, GSI’s hypoxic chambers were used. Cells were irradiated in the middle of a spread-out Bragg peak with increasing PT doses to verify the greater radioresistance in hypoxic conditions. Whole-genome cDNA microarray gene expression analyses were performed for samples treated with 2 and 10 Gy to highlight biological processes activated in GBM following PT in the hypoxic condition. We describe cell survival response and significant deregulated pathways responsible for the cell death/survival balance and gene signatures linked to the PT/hypoxia configurations assayed. Highlighting the molecular pathways involved in GBM resistance following hypoxia and ionizing radiation (IR), this work could suggest new molecular targets, allowing the development of targeted drugs to be suggested in association with PT.
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Arce P, Bolst D, Bordage MC, Brown JMC, Cirrone P, Cortés-Giraldo MA, Cutajar D, Cuttone G, Desorgher L, Dondero P, Dotti A, Faddegon B, Fedon C, Guatelli S, Incerti S, Ivanchenko V, Konstantinov D, Kyriakou I, Latyshev G, Le A, Mancini-Terracciano C, Maire M, Mantero A, Novak M, Omachi C, Pandola L, Perales A, Perrot Y, Petringa G, Quesada JM, Ramos-Méndez J, Romano F, Rosenfeld AB, Sarmiento LG, Sakata D, Sasaki T, Sechopoulos I, Simpson EC, Toshito T, Wright DH. Report on G4-Med, a Geant4 benchmarking system for medical physics applications developed by the Geant4 Medical Simulation Benchmarking Group. Med Phys 2021; 48:19-56. [PMID: 32392626 PMCID: PMC8054528 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geant4 is a Monte Carlo code extensively used in medical physics for a wide range of applications, such as dosimetry, micro- and nanodosimetry, imaging, radiation protection, and nuclear medicine. Geant4 is continuously evolving, so it is crucial to have a system that benchmarks this Monte Carlo code for medical physics against reference data and to perform regression testing. AIMS To respond to these needs, we developed G4-Med, a benchmarking and regression testing system of Geant4 for medical physics. MATERIALS AND METHODS G4-Med currently includes 18 tests. They range from the benchmarking of fundamental physics quantities to the testing of Monte Carlo simulation setups typical of medical physics applications. Both electromagnetic and hadronic physics processes and models within the prebuilt Geant4 physics lists are tested. The tests included in G4-Med are executed on the CERN computing infrastructure via the use of the geant-val web application, developed at CERN for Geant4 testing. The physical observables can be compared to reference data for benchmarking and to results of previous Geant4 versions for regression testing purposes. RESULTS This paper describes the tests included in G4-Med and shows the results derived from the benchmarking of Geant4 10.5 against reference data. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that the Geant4 electromagnetic physics constructor G4EmStandardPhysics_option4 gives a good agreement with the reference data for all the tests. The QGSP_BIC_HP physics list provided an overall adequate description of the physics involved in hadron therapy, including proton and carbon ion therapy. New tests should be included in the next stage of the project to extend the benchmarking to other physical quantities and application scenarios of interest for medical physics. CONCLUSION The results presented and discussed in this paper will aid users in tailoring physics lists to their particular application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Bolst
- Centre For Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - M-C Bordage
- CRCT (INSERM and Paul Sabatier University), Toulouse, France
| | - J M C Brown
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - D Cutajar
- Centre For Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - L Desorgher
- Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - A Dotti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - B Faddegon
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Fedon
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S Guatelli
- Centre For Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - S Incerti
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, UMR5797, Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, Gradignan, France
| | - V Ivanchenko
- Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
- CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Konstantinov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute" - IHEP, Protvino, Russian Federation
| | - I Kyriakou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - G Latyshev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute" - IHEP, Protvino, Russian Federation
| | - A Le
- Centre For Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - C Omachi
- Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - A Perales
- Medical Physics Department of Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Y Perrot
- IRSN, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | | | | | - F Romano
- INFN Catania Section, Catania, Italy
- Medical Physics Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - A B Rosenfeld
- Centre For Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - D Sakata
- Centre For Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - I Sechopoulos
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Dutch Expert Center for Screening (LRCB), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E C Simpson
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - T Toshito
- Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA, USA
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Khachonkham S, Mara E, Gruber S, Preuer R, Kuess P, Dörr W, Georg D, Clausen M. RBE variation in prostate carcinoma cells in active scanning proton beams: In-vitro measurements in comparison with phenomenological models. Phys Med 2020; 77:187-193. [PMID: 32871460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In-vitro radiobiological studies are essential for modelling the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) in proton therapy. The purpose of this study was to experimentally determine the RBE values in proton beams along the beam path for human prostate carcinoma cells (Du-145). RBE-dose and RBE-LETd (dose-averaged linear energy transfer) dependencies were investigated and three phenomenological RBE models, i.e. McNamara, Rørvik and Wilkens were benchmarked for this cell line. METHODS Cells were placed at multiple positions along the beam path, employing an in-house developed solid phantom. The experimental setup reflected the clinical prostate treatment scenario in terms of field size, depth, and required proton energies (127.2-180.1 MeV) and the physical doses from 0.5 to 6 Gy were delivered. The reference irradiation was performed with 200 kV X-ray beams. Respective (α/β) values were determined using the linear quadratic model and LETd was derived from the treatment planning system at the exact location of cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Independent of the cell survival level, all experimental RBE values were consistently higher in the target than the generic clinical RBE value of 1.1; with the lowest RBE value of 1.28 obtained at the beginning of the SOBP. A systematic RBE decrease with increasing dose was observed for the investigated dose range. The RBE values from all three applied models were considerably smaller than the experimental values. A clear increase of experimental RBE values with LETd parameter suggests that proton LET must be taken into consideration for this low (α/β) tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphalak Khachonkham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria; Division of Radiation Therapy, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Elisabeth Mara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria; University of Applied Science Wiener, Neustadt, Austria
| | - Sylvia Gruber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Rafael Preuer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Kuess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria; MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Dörr
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Georg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria; MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Monika Clausen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Austria.
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