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Li X, Liu Y, Wang T, Wang L. A simple device for simulating skin adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: design and application. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:71208-71216. [PMID: 35597829 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dermal exposure is one of the main ways of human body exposure to atmospheric contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The skin type significantly affects the skin adsorption of contaminants. However, this is commonly ignored in assessing the dermal exposure based on the atmospheric concentrations of contaminants. In this study, a simulation device suitable for human dermal pollutant exposure assessment was established, which used polyethylene balloons coated with different doses of glycerol trioleate to simulate oily skin, neutral skin, and dry skin type. The sampling effectiveness of the device was verified, and the device was applied to the skin exposure assessment of atmospheric PAHs at different scenarios. Kinetic experiments indicated a linear adsorption within 6 h. The adsorption kinetic constants (k) of PAHs on the oily surface of the balloon were significantly higher than those on the dry surface, especially for PAHs with high ring numbers. Compared with the calculated skin adsorption based on atmospheric concentrations, the results of this simulation device can better simulate the skin adsorption of atmospheric contaminants on different skin types and in different scenarios. Based on the result of balloon sampling, the dermal exposure of PAH3 rings by oily skin inside the tunnel is up to 5.668 ng/cm2/day, indicating a non-negligible health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yinzuo Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ting Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Wang P, Zhu X, Henkelmann B, Schramm KW. The Variability of the Concentrations of PAHs and PCBs in the Urban Air of Dalian with Ambient Temperature by Semipermeable Membrane Devices Monitoring. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1987933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Wang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China
| | - Bernhard Henkelmann
- Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
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Al-Alam J, Chbani A, Faljoun Z, Millet M. The use of vegetation, bees, and snails as important tools for the biomonitoring of atmospheric pollution-a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:9391-9408. [PMID: 30715709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuous discharge of diverse chemical products in the environment is nowadays of great concern to the whole world as some of them persist in the environment leading to serious diseases. Several sampling techniques have been used for the characterization of this chemical pollution, although biomonitoring using natural samplers has recently become the technique of choice in this field due to its efficiency, specificity, and low cost. In fact, several living organisms known as biomonitors could accumulate the well-known persistent environmental pollutants allowing their monitoring in the environment. In this work, a review on environmental biomonitoring is presented. The main sampling techniques used for monitoring environmental pollutants are first reported, followed by an overview on well-known natural species used as passive samplers and known as biomonitors. These species include conifer needles, lichen, mosses, bees and their byproducts, and snails, and were widely used in recent research as reliable monitors for environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Asma Chbani
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Faljoun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Turgut C, Mazmanci MA, Mazmanci B, Yalçın M, Karakuş PK, Atatanir L, Keski M, Henkelmann B, Pfister G, Schramm KW. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) determined by pine needles and semipermeable membrane devices along an altitude profile in Taurus Mountains, Turkey. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:7077-7087. [PMID: 28092009 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed at different altitudes of Taurus Mountains in semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) and in half-, one-and-a-half-, and two-and-a-half-year-old pine needles. SPMDs were deployed for three different exposure periods: March to September (Summer), September to March (Winter), and March to March (whole year) at eight sites where needle samples were collected. The values of PAHs in needles were between 4.4 to 6066 pg g/fw in half-year-old, 7.2 to 111,115 pg g/fw in 1.5-year-old, and 9.7 to 85,335 pg g/fw in 2.5-year-old needles. Mass of PAHs collected by SPMDs varied from <MDL to 8060 ng/SPMD in winter, from 0.98 to 585 ng/SPMD in summer, and <MDL to 9360 ng/SPMD in whole year deployment, respectively. PAH profiles were dependent on the seasonal differences and locations. Roughly, clear decreasing trends with altitude were observed both with SPMD and needles for many individual and groups of PAHs except for the SPMD-summer short-time data. A cross-plot of Fluo/(Fluo+Pyr) vs Ant/(Ant+Phe) diagnostic ratios indicated grass/wood burning (possibly due to forest fires) in summer and petrogenic combustion in winter. Results of the study showed that SPMD and conifer needles are effective passive samplers to measure PAHs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cafer Turgut
- Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, 09100, Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Ali Mazmanci
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, 33363, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Birgül Mazmanci
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Mersin University, 33363, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Melis Yalçın
- Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, 09100, Aydin, Turkey
| | - PerihanBinnur Kurt Karakuş
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Architecture and Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Levent Atatanir
- Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, 09100, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Menekşe Keski
- Ministry of Environment and Urbanism, General Directorate for Environmental Management, Waste Management Department, Balgat, 06520, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bernhard Henkelmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), MolecularEXposomics, Ingolstädter Landstr.1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Pfister
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), MolecularEXposomics, Ingolstädter Landstr.1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), MolecularEXposomics, Ingolstädter Landstr.1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department für Biowissenschaften, Technische Universität München, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350, Freising, Germany
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Walgraeve C, De Wispelaere P, Van der Elst F, Van Langenhove H. Development of an analytical method to determine oxy-PAHs and PAHs in Taxus baccata leaves. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:335-47. [PMID: 27783122 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method was developed and optimized for the quantification of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 12 oxygenated PAHs in Taxus baccata leaves. Emphasis was given to the development of an in-cell cleanup step using pressurized solvent extraction, a cleanup step using solid-phase extraction, and the instrumental analysis by GC-HRMS. Different extraction temperatures (between 50 and 200 °C) and Florisil quantities were evaluated for the extraction process. Based on the evaluation of both recoveries and matrix effect factors, a temperature of 200 °C and 1 g Florisil was selected as the optimum. However, the in-cell cleanup was not sufficient in the long term due to increasing chromatographic peak broadening, and further cleanup was necessary. Solid-phase extraction (using Florisil) was evaluated, and breakthrough curves were acquired for all target compounds to determine the optimal elution volume and avoiding matrix interference. Recoveries of the target compounds ranged from 58 to 87 % for the PAHs and from 5 to 105 % for the oxy-PAHs. Matrix effects were determined for all individual target compounds. The optimized method was applied to T. baccata samples obtained from ten sampling locations in Ghent, Belgium. This is the first biomonitoring study in Ghent for PAHs and oxy-PAHs. The presence of significant amounts of toxicologically relevant oxygenated PAHs (Oxy-PAHs) (can enhance ROS formation in human lung cells) in T. baccata was confirmed (max ∑Oxy-PAHs: 230 ng/g; max ∑PAHs: 389 ng/g). This means that these oxygenated PAHs are important pollutants and should be included in future monitoring studies.
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De Nicola F, Concha Graña E, Aboal J, Carballeira A, Fernández J, López Mahía P, Prada Rodríguez D, Muniategui Lorenzo S. PAH detection in Quercus robur leaves and Pinus pinaster needles: A fast method for biomonitoring purpose. Talanta 2016; 153:130-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Fujiwara F, Guiñez M, Cerutti S, Smichowski P. UHPLC-(+)APCI-MS/MS determination of oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in airborne particulate matter and tree barks collected in Buenos Aires city. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhu X, Shi T, Henkelmann B, Pfister G, Wang W, Mu J, Li X, Han L, Schramm K. Monitoring of organochlorine pesticides in the urban air of Dalian, China with semipermeable membrane devices. Chin Sci Bull 2014; 59:2957-2965. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhu X, Zhou C, Henkelmann B, Wang Z, Ma X, Pfister G, Schramm KW, Chen J, Ni Y, Wang W, Mu J. Monitoring of PAHs Profiles in the Urban Air of Dalian, China with Active High-volume Sampler and Semipermeable Membrane Devices. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2013.777672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhu X, Ding G, Levy W, Jakobi G, Schramm KW. Relationship of air sampling rates of semipermeable membrane devices with the properties of organochlorine pesticides. J Environ Sci (China) 2011; 23 Suppl:S40-S44. [PMID: 25084591 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(11)61074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The organochlorine pesticides (OCP) in Eastern-Barvaria at Haidel 1160 m a.s.l. were monitored with a low volume active air sampler and semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMD). The air sampling rates (Rair) of SPMD for OCP were calculated. Quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models of Rair of SPMD were developed for OCP with partial least square (PLS) regression. Quantum chemical descriptors computed by semi-empirical PM6 method were used as predictor variables. The cumulative variance of the dependent variable explained by the PLS components and determined by cross-validation (Q(2)cum), for the optimal models, is 0.637, indicating that the model has good predictive ability and robustness, and could be used to estimate Rair values of OCP. The main factors governing Rair of OCP are intermolecular interactions and the energy required for cave-forming in dissolution of OCP into triolein of SPMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China
| | - Guanghui Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Walkiria Levy
- Helmholtz Zentrum MUnchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstadter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Gert Jakobi
- Helmholtz Zentrum MUnchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstadter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Helmholtz Zentrum MUnchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstadter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany; TUM, Wiss ens chafts zentrum Weihenstephan fuer Ernaehrung und Landnutzung, Department fuer Biowis sens chaftliche Grundlagen, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350 Freising, Germany
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Zhu X, Ding G, Levy W, Jakobi G, Offenthaler I, Moche W, Weiss P, Schramm KW. QSPR study about sampling rates of semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring of organochlorine pesticides in Alps air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-011-4511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lehndorff E, Schwark L. Biomonitoring airborne parent and alkylated three-ring PAHs in the Greater Cologne Conurbation I: temporal accumulation patterns. Environ Pollut 2009; 157:1323-1331. [PMID: 19157663 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) comprise an important group of air pollutants, with three-ring components (PAH-3) often dominating. Spatiotemporal variation in atmospheric PAH-3 can be analyzed by biomonitoring but high vapour pressure and low octanol-air-partitioning of PAH-3 cause dynamic accumulation on plant surfaces. This study for the first time shows that PAH-3 exhibit systematic accumulation trends on pine needles of 3-48 months of exposure time at six sites in Germany. Correlation of needle exposure time with PAH-3 concentration was r(2)=0.83 for phenanthrene and methylphenanthrenes, r(2)=0.77 for cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene, r(2)=0.60 for dibenzothiophene, r(2)=0.57 for dimethylphenanthrenes and r(2)=0.32 for retene. Variations in PAH-3 for summer and winter collected needles emphasize vegetation-air-partitioning influence on cumulative PAH-3 loads. PAH-3 ratios calculated for needle cohorts indicate persistence of original PAH patterns thus demonstrating the source-diagnostic potential of pine needle biomonitoring, which is utilized in part II of this study where spatial distribution of PAH-3 is investigated and related to emission sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lehndorff
- Department of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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