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Cárdenas-Hernández PA, Hickey K, Di Toro DM, Allen HE, Carbonaro RF, Chiu PC. Linear Free Energy Relationship for Predicting the Rate Constants of Munition Compound Reduction by the Fe(II)-Hematite and Fe(II)-Goethite Redox Couples. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:13646-13657. [PMID: 37610109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic reduction by iron minerals is arguably the most important fate process for munition compounds (MCs) in subsurface environments. No model currently exists that can predict the abiotic reduction rates of structurally diverse MCs by iron (oxyhydr)oxides. We performed batch experiments to measure the rate constants for the reduction of three classes of MCs (poly-nitroaromatics, nitramines, and azoles) by hematite or goethite in the presence of aqueous Fe2+. The surface area-normalized reduction rate constant (kSA) depended on the aqueous-phase one-electron reduction potential (EH1) of the MC and the thermodynamic state (i.e., pe and pH) of the iron oxide-Feaq2+ system. A linear free energy relationship (LFER), similar to that reported previously for nitrobenzene, successfully captures all MC reduction rate constants that span 6 orders of magnitude: log ( k S A ) = ( 1.12 ± 0.04 ) [ 0.53 E H 1 59 m V - ( p H + p e ) ] + ( 5.52 ± 0.23 ) . The finding that the rate constants of all the different classes of MCs can be described by a single LFER suggests that these structurally diverse nitro compounds are reduced by iron oxide-Feaq2+ couples through a common mechanism up to the rate-limiting step. Multiple mechanistic implications of the results are discussed. This study expands the applicability of the LFER model for predicting the reduction rates of legacy and emerging MCs and potentially other nitro compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Cárdenas-Hernández
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kevin Hickey
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Dominic M Di Toro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Herbert E Allen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Richard F Carbonaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manhattan College, Riverdale, New York 10471, United States
- Mutch Associates LLC, Ramsey, New Jersey 07446, United States
| | - Pei C Chiu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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2
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Tamulienė J, Valiauga B, Čėnas N. Modified quantum mechanical approach for the estimation of single-electron reduction potential of nitroaromatic compounds in aqueous medium. Free Radic Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37171206 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2213821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The midpoint single-electron reduction potential of nitroaromatic compounds in aqueous medium at pH 7.0 (potential of ArNO2/ArNO2·- couple, Em7) frequently determines their therapeutic and/or toxic properties. However, its estimation remains a complex problem. We propose a modified method of Em7 estimation by quantum mechanical calculations, based on the use of the dielectric continuum model together with a certain number of H2O molecules at the vicinity of nitro group. The optimal number of H2O molecules corresponds to a minimal difference between the experimentally determined and calculated values of Em7, and/or the most negative value of calculated Em7. This enabled us to calculate the Em7 values for a number of ArNO2 (n = 19) with the average deviation of 0.027 V from the experimentally determined ones. Apart from nitrobenzene derivatives, the application of this approach for the representatives of nitropyridines, nitrofurans, nitrothiophenes, and nitrothiazoles was demonstrated. In this case, nitroimidazole derivatives are an exception, evidently due to a strong proton accepting properties of N3 atom of their free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Tamulienė
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Narimantas Čėnas
- Institute of Biochemistry of Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Murillo-Gelvez J, Hickey K, Di Toro DM, Allen HE, Carbonaro RF, Chiu PC. Electron Transfer Energy and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Energy-Based Linear Free Energy Relationships for Predicting the Rate Constants of Munition Constituent Reduction by Hydroquinones. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:5284-5295. [PMID: 36961098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
No single linear free energy relationship (LFER) exists that can predict reduction rate constants of all munition constituents (MCs). To address this knowledge gap, we measured the reduction rates of MCs and their surrogates including nitroaromatics [NACs; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-A-DNT), 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-A-DNT), and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT)], nitramines [hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and nitroguanidine (NQ)], and azoles [3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and 3,4-dinitropyrazole (DNP)] by three dithionite-reduced quinones (lawsone, AQDS, and AQS). All MCs/NACs were reduced by the hydroquinones except NQ. Hydroquinone and MC speciations were varied by controlling pH, permitting the application of a speciation model to determine second-order rate constants (k) from observed pseudo-first-order rate constants. The intrinsic reactivity of MCs (oxidants) decreased upon deprotonation, while the opposite was true for hydroquinones (reductants). The rate constants spanned ∼6 orders of magnitude in the order NTO ≈ TNT > DNP > DNT ≈ DNAN ≈ 2-A-DNT > DNP- > 4-A-DNT > NTO- > RDX. LFERs developed using density functional theory-calculated electron transfer and hydrogen atom transfer energies and reported one-electron reduction potentials successfully predicted k, suggesting that these structurally diverse MCs/NACs are all reduced by hydroquinones through the same mechanism and rate-limiting step. These results increase the applicability of LFER models for predicting the fate and half-lives of MCs and related nitro compounds in reducing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Murillo-Gelvez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kevin Hickey
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Dominic M Di Toro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Herbert E Allen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Richard F Carbonaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manhattan College, Riverdale, New York 10471, United States
- Mutch Associates LLC, Ramsey, New Jersey 07446, United States
| | - Pei C Chiu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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4
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Yang L, Tian M, Qin J, Lu Y, Yu Q, Han J. A Luminescent Metal‐Organic Framework with Boosted Picric Acid Fluorescence Detection Performance via a Complementary Capture‐Quench Mechanism. Eur J Inorg Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202300089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology of China Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Momang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology of China Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology of China Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Yuewen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology of China Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Qian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology of China Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
| | - Ji‐Min Han
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology of China Explosion Protection and Emergency Disposal Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District Beijing 100081 China
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Lawrinenko M, Kurwadkar S, Wilkin RT. Long-term performance evaluation of zero-valent iron amended permeable reactive barriers for groundwater remediation - A mechanistic approach. Geosci Front 2023; 14:1-13. [PMID: 36760680 PMCID: PMC9903902 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2022.101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are used for groundwater remediation at contaminated sites worldwide. This technology has been efficient at appropriate sites for treating organic and inorganic contaminants using zero-valent iron (ZVI) as a reductant and as a reactive material. Continued development of the technology over the years suggests that a robust understanding of PRB performance and the mechanisms involved is still lacking. Conflicting information in the scientific literature downplays the critical role of ZVI corrosion in the remediation of various organic and inorganic pollutants. Additionally, there is a lack of information on how different mechanisms act in tandem to affect ZVI-groundwater systems through time. In this review paper, we describe the underlying mechanisms of PRB performance and remove isolated misconceptions. We discuss the primary mechanisms of ZVI transformation and aging in PRBs and the role of iron corrosion products. We review numerous sites to reinforce our understanding of the interactions between groundwater contaminants and ZVI and the authigenic minerals that form within PRBs. Our findings show that ZVI corrosion products and mineral precipitates play critical roles in the long-term performance of PRBs by influencing the reactivity of ZVI. Pore occlusion by mineral precipitates occurs at the influent side of PRBs and is enhanced by dissolved oxygen and groundwater rich in dissolved solids and high alkalinity, which negatively impacts hydraulic conductivity, allowing contaminants to potentially bypass the treatment zone. Further development of site characterization tools and models is needed to support effective PRB designs for groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lawrinenko
- Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Sudarshan Kurwadkar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, California State University, 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Richard T. Wilkin
- Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
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Aamir Khan M, Sharma A, Yadav S, Celin SM, Sharma S. A sketch of microbiological remediation of explosives-contaminated soil focused on state of art and the impact of technological advancement on hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) degradation. Chemosphere 2022; 294:133641. [PMID: 35077733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
When high-energy explosives such as hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are discharged into the surrounding soil and water during production, testing, open dumping, military, or civil activities, they leave a toxic footprint. The US Environmental Protection Agency has labeled RDX as a potential human carcinogen that must be degraded from contaminated sites quickly. Bioremediation of RDX is an exciting prospect that has received much attention in recent years. However, a lack of understanding of RDX biodegradation and the limitations of current approaches have hampered the widespread use of biodegradation-based strategies for RDX remediation at contamination sites. Consequently, new bioremediation technologies are required to enhance performance. In this review, we explore the requirements for in-silico analysis for producing biological models of microbial remediation of RDX in soil. On the other hand, potential gene editing methods for getting the host with target gene sequences responsible for the breakdown of RDX are also reported. Microbial formulations and biosensors for detection and bioremediation are also briefly described. The biodegradation of RDX offers an alternative remediation method that is both cost-effective and ecologically acceptable. It has the potential to be used in conjunction with other cutting-edge technologies to further increase the efficiency of RDX degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aamir Khan
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Amity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Sonal Yadav
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - S Mary Celin
- Centre for Fire, Explosives and Environment Safety, Defence Research & Development Organization, Brig. Mazumdar Road, Delhi, 110 054, India
| | - Satyawati Sharma
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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7
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Panagiotou N, Moscoso FG, Lopes-Costa T, Pedrosa JM, Tasiopoulos AJ. 2-Dimensional rare earth metal–organic frameworks based on a hexanuclear secondary building unit as efficient detectors for vapours of nitroaromatics and volatile organic compounds. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of microporous 2-dimensional rare earth metal organic frameworks based on a hexanuclear secondary building unit with capability to selectively detect vapours of volatile organic compounds and nitroaromatic explosives is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Panagiotou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Francisco García Moscoso
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Tânia Lopes-Costa
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - José María Pedrosa
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
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8
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Kitanovski Z, Hovorka J, Kuta J, Leoni C, Prokeš R, Sáňka O, Shahpoury P, Lammel G. Nitrated monoaromatic hydrocarbons (nitrophenols, nitrocatechols, nitrosalicylic acids) in ambient air: levels, mass size distributions and inhalation bioaccessibility. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:59131-59140. [PMID: 32529617 PMCID: PMC8541976 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitrated monoaromatic hydrocarbons (NMAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment and an important part of atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS) and brown carbon. They are ecotoxic and with underresearched toxic potential for humans. NMAHs were determined in size-segregated ambient particulate matter collected at two urban sites in central Europe, Ostrava and Kladno, Czech Republic. The average sums of 12 NMAHs (Σ12NMAH) measured in winter PM10 samples from Ostrava and Kladno were 102 and 93 ng m-3, respectively, and 8.8 ng m-3 in summer PM10 samples from Ostrava. The concentrations in winter corresponded to 6.3-7.3% and 2.6-3.1% of HULIS-C and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), respectively. Nitrocatechols represented 67-93%, 61-73% and 28-96% of NMAHs in PM10 samples collected in winter and summer at Ostrava and in winter at Kladno, respectively. The mass size distribution of the targeted substance classes peaked in the submicrometre size fractions (PM1), often in the PM0.5 size fraction especially in summer. The bioaccessible fraction of NMAHs was determined by leaching PM3 samples in two simulated lung fluids, Gamble's solution and artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF). More than half of NMAH mass is found bioaccessible, almost complete for nitrosalicylic acids. The bioaccessible fraction was generally higher when using ALF (mimics the chemical environment created by macrophage activity, pH 4.5) than Gamble's solution (pH 7.4). Bioaccessibility may be negligible for lipophilic substances (i.e. log KOW > 4.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Kitanovski
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Hovorka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kuta
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cecilia Leoni
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Prokeš
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Sáňka
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pourya Shahpoury
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
- Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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9
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Abstract
Humic acid substances (HAs) in natural soil and sediment environments affect the retention and degradation of insensitive munition compounds and legacy high explosives (MCs): 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), DNi-NH4+, N-methyl-p-nitroaniline (nMNA), 1-nitroguanidine (NQ), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO; neutral and anionic forms), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX). A humic acid model compound has been considered using molecular dynamics, thermodynamic integration, and density functional theory to characterize the munition binding ability, ionization potential, and electron affinity compared to that in the water solution. Humic acids bind most compounds and act as both a sink and source for electrons. Ionization potentials suggest that HAs are more susceptible to oxidation than the MCs studied. The electron affinity of HAs is very conformation-dependent and spans the same range as the munition compounds. When HAs and MCs are complexed, the HAs tend to radicalize first, thus buffering MCs against reductive as well as oxidative attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Schutt
- Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, United States
| | - Manoj K Shukla
- Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, United States
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10
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Holubowitch NE, Crabtree C, Budimir Z. Electroanalysis and Spectroelectrochemistry of Nonaromatic Explosives in Acetonitrile Containing Dissolved Oxygen. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11617-11626. [PMID: 32786478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In search of a rapid, low-cost, and solution-phase detection technique for explosives, the (spectro-)electrochemistry of compounds from two major nonaromatic classes, namely nitramines (RDX and HMX) and nitrate esters (pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and the plastic explosive composite Semtex 1A) in acetonitrile (AN) is reported. In electrochemical screening, 5 μg of explosive material was detectable in 10 s by multicomponent cyclic voltammetric (CV) analysis on unmodified glassy carbon under ubiquitous environmental influences (i.e., trace water and dissolved oxygen). The explosives were identified with high recoveries under a battery of proof-of-concept testing scenarios in various matrices. In AN containing naturally dissolved oxygen (approx. 2 mM), the superoxide radical is co-electrogenerated during analyte reduction. Free superoxide yields prominent signals that the explosives attenuate quantitatively. To gain further insight into the electrochemical transformation mechanism, spectroelectrochemistry was employed to monitor changes in ultraviolet (UV) absorbance during CV and identify transient intermediates and product species, which could be targeted by future chemical sensors. Overlapping UV spectra of multiple species are deconvoluted using a new strategy, spectral regional baselining, for time- and potential-resolved spectroelectrochemical (SEC) analysis. This study shows that dissolved oxygen, hitherto an interferent purposefully removed from the solution, can be exploited advantageously in electrochemical sensing. The work expands our understanding of high-explosive solution-phase chemistry and offers a novel route to signal transduction for the sensing of energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas E Holubowitch
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412, United States
| | - Cameo Crabtree
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412, United States
| | - Zachary Budimir
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412, United States
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11
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Murillo-Gelvez J, Hickey KP, Di Toro DM, Allen HE, Carbonaro RF, Chiu PC. Experimental Validation of Hydrogen Atom Transfer Gibbs Free Energy as a Predictor of Nitroaromatic Reduction Rate Constants. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:5816-5827. [PMID: 31038307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) are a class of prevalent contaminants. Abiotic reduction is an important fate process that initiates NAC degradation in the environment. Many linear free energy relationship (LFER) models have been developed to predict NAC reduction rates. Almost all LFERs to date utilize experimental aqueous-phase one-electron reduction potential ( EH1) of NAC as a predictor, and thus, their utility is limited by the availability of EH1 data. A promising new approach that utilizes computed hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) Gibbs free energy instead of EH1 as a predictor was recently proposed. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of HAT energy for predicting NAC reduction rate constants. Using dithionite-reduced quinones, we measured the second-order rate constants for the reduction of seven NACs by three hydroquinones of different protonation states. We computed the gas-phase energies for HAT and electron affinity (EA) of NACs and established HAT- and EA-based LFERs for six hydroquinone species. The results suggest that HAT energy is a reliable predictor of NAC reduction rate constants and is superior to EA. This is the first independent, experimental validation of HAT-based LFER, a new approach that enables rate prediction for a broad range of structurally diverse NACs based solely on molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Murillo-Gelvez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Kevin P Hickey
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Dominic M Di Toro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Herbert E Allen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Richard F Carbonaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Manhattan College , Riverdale , New York 10471 , United States
- Mutch Associates LLC , Ramsey , New Jersey 07446 , United States
| | - Pei C Chiu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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12
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Eskandari P, Kazemi F. Preparation and characterization of Fe3O4/SiO2/CdS nanocomposites as efficient magnetic photocatalysts for the reduction of nitro compounds under visible LED irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018; 364:233-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Pedron J, Boudot C, Hutter S, Bourgeade-Delmas S, Stigliani JL, Sournia-Saquet A, Moreau A, Boutet-Robinet E, Paloque L, Mothes E, Laget M, Vendier L, Pratviel G, Wyllie S, Fairlamb A, Azas N, Courtioux B, Valentin A, Verhaeghe P. Novel 8-nitroquinolin-2(1H)-ones as NTR-bioactivated antikinetoplastid molecules: Synthesis, electrochemical and SAR study. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:135-152. [PMID: 29885575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
To study the antiparasitic 8-nitroquinolin-2(1H)-one pharmacophore, a series of 31 derivatives was synthesized in 1-5 steps and evaluated in vitro against both Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma brucei brucei. In parallel, the reduction potential of all molecules was measured by cyclic voltammetry. Structure-activity relationships first indicated that antileishmanial activity depends on an intramolecular hydrogen bond (described by X-ray diffraction) between the lactam function and the nitro group, which is responsible for an important shift of the redox potential (+0.3 V in comparison with 8-nitroquinoline). With the assistance of computational chemistry, a set of derivatives presenting a large range of redox potentials (from -1.1 to -0.45 V) was designed and provided a list of suitable molecules to be synthesized and tested. This approach highlighted that, in this series, only substrates with a redox potential above -0.6 V display activity toward L. infantum. Nevertheless, such relation between redox potentials and in vitro antiparasitic activities was not observed in T. b. brucei. Compound 22 is a new hit compound in the series, displaying both antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activity along with a low cytotoxicity on the human HepG2 cell line. Compound 22 is selectively bioactivated by the type 1 nitroreductases (NTR1) of L. donovani and T. brucei brucei. Moreover, despite being mutagenic in the Ames test, as most of nitroaromatic derivatives, compound 22 was not genotoxic in the comet assay. Preliminary in vitro pharmacokinetic parameters were finally determined and pointed out a good in vitro microsomal stability (half-life > 40 min) and a 92% binding to human albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Pedron
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Clotilde Boudot
- Université de Limoges, UMR INSERM 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Sébastien Hutter
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, équipe VITROME « Vecteurs, Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | | - Alain Moreau
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Elisa Boutet-Robinet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Paloque
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Michèle Laget
- UMR MD1, U1261, AMU, INSERM, SSA, IRBA, MCT, Marseille, France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Susan Wyllie
- University of Dundee, School of Life Sciences, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Fairlamb
- University of Dundee, School of Life Sciences, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Azas
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, équipe VITROME « Vecteurs, Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Bertrand Courtioux
- Université de Limoges, UMR INSERM 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Alexis Valentin
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
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14
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Abstract
High explosives (HEs) deposited on military ranges can leach through the soil and contaminate groundwater. We examined the transport and fate of HEs in laboratory columns containing soils from two hand grenade bays (Bays C and T) and the impact of organic amendments on biodegradation. Soil characteristics were similar; however, Bay C had somewhat higher clay and organic C. Experimental treatments included addition of crude glycerin and lignosulfonate, and parallel control columns. Experimental results showed extensive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) degradation with minimal leaching, consistent with prior batch microcosm results. Amendment addition enhanced TNT degradation in both Bays C and T compared with controls. Although hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (Royal Demolition Explosive, or RDX) did not biodegrade in prior aerobic batch microcosms, 64 to 77% of RDX biodegraded in untreated soil columns with O present in the mobile soil gas. The RDX biodegradation was likely associated with short-term anoxic conditions or anoxic micro-niches. In nearly saturated Bay C columns, RDX removal increased to >92%. Amendment addition to unsaturated Bay T columns increased RDX removal to >86%. In one column, the soil remained anoxic (O < 5% by volume) for about a year after amendment addition, significantly reducing RDX leaching. Nitroso degradation products were produced equivalent to 9 to 39% of the RDX degraded, with most retained in the soil (9-37%) and 0 to 3% in the effluent. These results demonstrate that RDX biodegradation can occur in soils with measurable O, and that amendment addition can reduce RDX leaching by stimulating anaerobic biodegradation.
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15
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Gooch A, Sizochenko N, Sviatenko L, Gorb L, Leszczynski J. A quantum chemical based toxicity study of estimated reduction potential and hydrophobicity in series of nitroaromatic compounds. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2017; 28:133-150. [PMID: 28235392 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1286687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitroaromatic compounds and the products of their degradation are toxic to bacteria, cells and animals. Various studies have been carried out to better understand the mechanism of toxicity of aromatic nitrocompounds and their relationship to humans and the environment. Recent data relate cytotoxicity of nitroaromatic compounds to their single- or two-electron enzymatic reduction. However, mechanisms of animal toxicity could be more complex. This work investigates the estimated reduction and oxidation potentials of 34 nitroaromatic compounds using quantum chemical approaches. All geometries were optimized with density functional theory (DFT) using the solvation model based on density (SMD) and polarizable continuum model (PCM) solvent model protocols. Quantitative structure-activity/property (QSAR/QSPR) models were developed using descriptors obtained from quantum chemical optimizations as well as the DRAGON software program. The QSAR/QSPR equations developed consist of two to four descriptors. Correlations have been identified between electron affinity (ELUMO) and hydrophobicity (log P).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gooch
- a Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University , Jackson , USA
| | - N Sizochenko
- a Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University , Jackson , USA
| | - L Sviatenko
- a Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University , Jackson , USA
- b Department of Organic Chemistry , Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University , Dnipropetrovsk , Ukraine
| | - L Gorb
- a Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University , Jackson , USA
- c HX5 , Vicksburg , USA
| | - J Leszczynski
- a Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University , Jackson , USA
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16
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Taylor S, Dontsova K, Walsh M. Insensitive Munitions Formulations: Their Dissolution and Fate in Soils. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59208-4_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Won J, Borden RC. Impact of glycerin and lignosulfonate on biodegradation of high explosives in soil. J Contam Hydrol 2016; 194:1-9. [PMID: 27669376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil microcosms were constructed and monitored to evaluate the impact of substrate addition and transient aerobic and anaerobic conditions on TNT, RDX and HMX biodegradation in grenade range soils. While TNT was rapidly biodegraded under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions with and without organic substrate, substantial biodegradation of RDX, HMX, and RDX daughter products was not observed under aerobic conditions. However, RDX and HMX were significantly biodegraded under anaerobic conditions, without accumulation of TNT or RDX daughter products (2-ADNT, 4-ADNT, MNX, DNX, and TNX). In separate microcosms containing grenade range soil, glycerin and lignosulfonate addition enhanced oxygen consumption, increasing the consumption rate >200% compared to untreated soils. Mathematical model simulations indicate that oxygen consumption rates of 5 to 20g/m3/d can be achieved with reasonable amendment loading rates. These results indicate that glycerin and lignosulfonate can be potentially used to stimulate RDX and HMX biodegradation by increasing oxygen consumption rates in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Won
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Robert C Borden
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Solutions-IES, Inc., 1101 Nowell Road, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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18
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Sviatenko LK, Gorb L, Shukla MK, Seiter JM, Leszczynska D, Leszczynski J. Adsorption of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) on a soil organic matter. A DFT M05 computational study. Chemosphere 2016; 148:294-299. [PMID: 26814703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) by soil organic matter considering the Leonardite Humic Acid (LHA) model at the M05/tzvp level of Density Functional Theory (DFT) applying cluster approximation has been investigated. Different orientations of CL-20 toward LHA surface were examined. It was found that deprotonation of LHA is required to obtain stable complexes with CL-20. Hydrogen bonds between CL-20 and deprotonated LHA were analyzed applying the atoms in molecules (AIM) theory. An attachment or removal of an electron with respect to the complex does not have significant effect on mutual orientation of the adsorbent in complexes. It was shown that adsorbed CL-20 does not undergo redox transformation and, therefore, adsorption on soil organic matter may be responsible for decrease of the degradation rate of CL-20 in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmyla K Sviatenko
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; Department of Organic Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Dnipropetrovsk, 49000, Ukraine
| | | | - Manoj K Shukla
- Environmental Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA
| | - Jennifer M Seiter
- Environmental Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA
| | - Danuta Leszczynska
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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19
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Mark N, Arthur J, Dontsova K, Brusseau M, Taylor S. Adsorption and attenuation behavior of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in eleven soils. Chemosphere 2016; 144:1249-1255. [PMID: 26473550 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one) is one of the new explosive compounds used in insensitive munitions (IM) developed to replace traditional explosives, TNT and RDX. Data on NTO fate and transport is needed to determine its environmental behavior and potential for groundwater contamination. We conducted a series of kinetic and equilibrium batch experiments to characterize the fate of NTO in soils and the effect of soil geochemical properties on NTO-soil interactions. A set of experiments was also conducted using sterilized soils to evaluate the contribution of biodegradation to NTO attenuation. Measured pH values for NTO solutions decreased from 5.98 ± 0.13 to 3.50 ± 0.06 with increase in NTO concentration from 0.78 to 100 mg L(-1). Conversely, the pH of soil suspensions was not significantly affected by NTO in this concentration range. NTO experienced minimal adsorption, with measured adsorption coefficients being less than 1 cm(3) g(-1) for all studied soils. There was a highly significant inverse relationship between the measured NTO adsorption coefficients and soil pH (P = 0.00011), indicating the role of NTO and soil charge in adsorption processes. In kinetic experiments, 1st order transformation rate constant estimates ranged between 0.0004 h(-1) and 0.0142 h(-1) (equivalent to half-lives of 72 and 2 d, respectively), and correlated positively with organic carbon in the soil. Total attenuation of NTO was higher in untreated versus sterilized samples, suggesting that NTO was being biodegraded. The information presented herein can be used to help evaluate NTO potential for natural attenuation in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Mark
- Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E. Fourth St. PO Box 210038, Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Jennifer Arthur
- Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E. Fourth St. PO Box 210038, Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Katerina Dontsova
- Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E. Fourth St. PO Box 210038, Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA; Biosphere 2, University of Arizona, Marshall Building, Room 523, 845 N, Park Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0158, USA.
| | - Mark Brusseau
- Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E. Fourth St. PO Box 210038, Shantz Bldg. #38, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Susan Taylor
- Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH 03755-1290, USA
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20
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Fareghi-Alamdari R, Zandi F, Keshavarz MH. A New Model for Prediction of One Electron Reduction Potential of Nitroaryl Compounds. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201500688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Borges RS, Oliveira JP, Matos RF, Chaves Neto AMJ, Carneiro AS, Monteiro MC. Involvement of electron and hydrogen transfers through redox metabolism on activity and toxicity of the nimesulide. J Mol Model 2015; 21:166. [PMID: 26044360 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An electronic study of nimesulide was performed by using density functional theory calculations. The activities of the six different derivatives were related with electron donating or accepting capacities. All compounds which had nitro moiety had low electron donating and high electron accepting capacities. However, the reduced derivative of nimesulide have more electron donating capacity than other compounds. The highest spin density contribution in nitro and lowest spin density contribution on phenoxyl moieties can be related with preferential metabolism by reduction when compared with the oxidation. The redox behavior between nitro and amino groups can be related with anti-inflammatory mechanism of nimesulide. These results explain the redox influence of nitro moiety on biological metabolism and mechanism of nimesulide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosivaldo S Borges
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil,
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22
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Mallet C, Bolduc A, Bishop S, Gautier Y, Skene WG. Unusually high fluorescence quantum yield of a homopolyfluorenylazomethine--towards a universal fluorophore. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:24382-90. [PMID: 25300605 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01176g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The absolute fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl) of a polyfluorenyl azomethine homopolymer was measured as a function of solvent polarity. The solvent induced and temperature dependent fluorescence of the homopolymer were also investigated and they were compared to the corresponding monomer and copolymer. The Φfl of the homopolymer was consistent (45-70%), regardless of solvent polarity with Stokes shifts up to 7460 cm(-1) in ethanol. In contrast, the Φfl of its corresponding monomer decreased from 60% in ethanol to 1% in toluene, whereas a Φfl < 5% for its analogous copolymer was measured. Moderate fluorescence yields (Φfl ≈ 25%) were also possible in thin film when co-depositing the homopolymer with PMMA. Cryofluorescence was used to probe the excited state deactivation modes. Deactivation by internal conversion was found to compete with fluorescence. The fluorescence deactivation pathways of the homopolymer and its corresponding monomer could be suppressed at 77 K, resulting in fluorescence turn-on. Both fluorophores were found to detect nitroaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Mallet
- Laboratoire de Caractérisation Photophysique des Matériaux Conjugués, Département de Chimie, Pavillon JA Bombardier, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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23
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Ou C, Zhang S, Liu J, Shen J, Han W, Sun X, Li J, Wang L. Enhanced reductive transformation of 2,4-dinitroanisole in a anaerobic system: the key role of zero valent iron. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11197h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accelerated reduction of typical multi-substituted nitroaromatic compounds (NACs),i.e., 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), was achieved in an anaerobic system coupled with zero valent iron (ZVI), with the underlying role of ZVI in this process elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjin Ou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Weiqing Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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24
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Marenich AV, Ho J, Coote ML, Cramer CJ, Truhlar DG. Computational electrochemistry: prediction of liquid-phase reduction potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:15068-106. [PMID: 24958074 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01572j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews recent developments and applications in the area of computational electrochemistry. Our focus is on predicting the reduction potentials of electron transfer and other electrochemical reactions and half-reactions in both aqueous and nonaqueous solutions. Topics covered include various computational protocols that combine quantum mechanical electronic structure methods (such as density functional theory) with implicit-solvent models, explicit-solvent protocols that employ Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics simulations (for example, Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics using the grand canonical ensemble formalism), and the Marcus theory of electronic charge transfer. We also review computational approaches based on empirical relationships between molecular and electronic structure and electron transfer reactivity. The scope of the implicit-solvent protocols is emphasized, and the present status of the theory and future directions are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr V Marenich
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA.
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25
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Abstract
A perspective summarizing the recent advancement in explosive sensing by luminescent metal organic framework (LMOF) materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Zhichao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
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26
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Hu Z, Tan K, Lustig WP, Wang H, Zhao Y, Zheng C, Banerjee D, Emge TJ, Chabal YJ, Li J. Effective sensing of RDX via instant and selective detection of ketone vapors. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02157f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing a cyclic ketone frequently used as a solvent in the production of plastic explosives allows us to rapidly and effectively detect RDX. We explain the effects of the electron and energy transfer processes on the fluorescence response of a sensory material in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Kui Tan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- University of Texas-Dallas
- Richardson, USA
| | - William P. Lustig
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Yonggang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Chong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Northern Illinois University
- DeKalb, USA
| | - Debasis Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
| | - Yves J. Chabal
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- University of Texas-Dallas
- Richardson, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers University
- Piscataway, USA
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Eskandari P, Kazemi F, Zand Z. Photocatalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds using CdS nanostructure under blue LED irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014; 274:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Jaligama S, Kale VM, Wilbanks MS, Perkins EJ, Meyer SA. Delayed myelosuppression with acute exposure to hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and environmental degradation product hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX) in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 266:443-51. [PMID: 23219714 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), a widely used munitions compound, and hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX), its N-nitroso product of anaerobic microbial nitroreduction, are contaminants of military sites. Previous studies have shown MNX to be the most acutely toxic among the nitroreduced degradation products of RDX and to cause mild anemia at high dose. The present study compares hematotoxicity with acute oral exposure to MNX with parent RDX. Both RDX and MNX caused a modest decrease in blood hemoglobin and ~50% loss of granulocytes (NOAELs=47 mg/kg) in female Sprague-Dawley rats observed 14 days post-exposure. We explored the possibility that blood cell loss observed after 14 days was delayed in onset because of toxicity to bone marrow (BM) progenitors. RDX and MNX decreased granulocyte/macrophage-colony forming cells (GM-CFCs) at 14, but not 7, days (NOAELs=24 mg/kg). The earliest observed time at which MNX decreased GM-CFCs was 10 days post-exposure. RDX and MNX likewise decreased BM burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-Es) at 14, but not 7, days. Granulocyte-erythrocyte-monocyte-megakaryocyte (GEMM)-CFCs were unaffected by RDX and MNX at 7 days suggesting precursor depletion did not account for GM-CFC and BFU-E loss. MNX added to the culture media was without effect on GM-CFC formation indicating no direct inhibition. Flow cytometry showed no differential loss of BM multilineage progenitors (Thy1.1(+)) or erythroid (CD71(+)) precursors with MNX suggesting myeloid and erythroid lineages were comparably affected. Collectively, these data indicate that acute exposure to both RDX and MNX caused delayed suppression of myelo- and erythropoiesis with subsequent decrease of peripheral granulocytes and erythrocytes.
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29
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Gopal P, Reddy TM, Reddaiah K, Raghu P, Narayana P. An electrochemical investigation and reduction mechanism of 3, 5-Dinitrobenzoic acid at a glassy carbon electrode: A voltammetric study. J Mol Liq 2013; 178:168-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2012.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Roy
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
| | - Arun Kumar Bar
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
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Xu Z, Hao J, Braida W, Strickland D, Li F, Meng X. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy of explosive 2,4-dinitroanisole using modified silver nanoparticles. Langmuir 2011; 27:13773-13779. [PMID: 21967647 DOI: 10.1021/la202560t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is being used as a replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) as a less-sensitive melt-cast medium explosive than TNT. In this paper, we studied the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of DNAN using Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) modified by L-cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride. Due to the formation of a Meisenheimer complex between DNAN and the modifier, the modified AgNPs can detect 20 μg/L (0.2 ng) and 0.1 mg/L (1 ng) DNAN in deionized water and aged tap water, respectively. Three other chemicals (L-cysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and L-cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride) were used as AgNPs modifiers to study the mechanism of the SERS of DNAN. It was confirmed that the amino group of L-cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride was the active group and that the methyl ester group significantly contributed to the high SERS sensitivity of DNAN. In order to further test the mechanism of Meisenheimer complex formation, the effect of anions and cations present in natural water on the SERS of DNAN was studied. It was found that CO(3)(2-), Cl(-), and K(+) at 100 mg/L did not negatively affect the SERS of 10 mg/L DNAN, while SO(4)(2-), Na(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+) at 100 mg/L significantly quenched the SERS of 10 mg/L DNAN. The negative effect of the bivalent cations could be offset by SO(4)(2-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghou Xu
- Center for Environmental Systems, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
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Sviatenko L, Isayev O, Gorb L, Hill F, Leszczynski J. Toward robust computational electrochemical predicting the environmental fate of organic pollutants. J Comput Chem 2011; 32:2195-203. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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