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Manzoor M, Singh J, Bhat ZF, Jaglan S. Multifunctional apple seed protein hydrolysates: Impact of enzymolysis on the biochemical, techno-functional and in vitro α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128553. [PMID: 38056736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The work was designed to assess the amelioration effect of papain hydrolysis on the biochemical, techno-functional, and biological properties of apple seed protein isolate (API) after 0-90 min of hydrolysis. Hydrolysis significantly enhanced the nutritional value (protein content ˃ 90 %) while decreasing the average particle size. With increasing hydrolysis time, FTIR analysis revealed a transition from α-helix to β-turn structure, indicating the unfolding of protein structure. This structural alteration positively influenced the functional characteristics, with samples hydrolyzed for 90 min exhibiting excellent solubility, higher water and oil absorption capacity, foaming capacity, and increased emulsifying activity index. Moreover, samples hydrolyzed for 90 min displayed the highest α-glucosidase (29.62-57.43 %), pancreatic lipase inhibition (12.87-31.08 %), and ACE inhibition (25.32-62.70 %) activity. Interestingly, the inhibiting ability of protein hydrolysates against α-glucosidase and ACE was more effective than pancreatic lipase, suggesting their usefulness as a functional ingredient, particularly in type II diabetes and hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehnaza Manzoor
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agriculture Science and Technology, Jammu 180009, India; Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - Jagmohan Singh
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agriculture Science and Technology, Jammu 180009, India.
| | - Zuhaib F Bhat
- Division of Livestock Product Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agriculture Science and Technology, Jammu, India.
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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Garzón AG, Pontoni SM, Mamone G, Drago SR, Cian RE. Xanthan gum and pectin as beverage stabilizers reduce the digestive enzyme hydrolysis of antioxidant and antihypertensive peptides obtained from a brewery byproduct. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113836. [PMID: 38225113 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
An acidic beverage was formulated with xanthan gum (XG), pectin (P) and brewer spent grain (BSG) peptides with antioxidant and antihypertensive properties. The impact of hydrocolloids levels on peptide bioaccessibility was studied. Peptides were obtained from BSG using Purazyme and Flavourzyme enzymes. BSG peptides were fractionated by ultrafiltration (UF) and four fractions were obtained: F1 (>10 kDa), F2 (10-5 kDa), F3 (1-5 kDa), and F4 (<1 kDa). F3 showed the highest protein purity, ferulic acid content, proportion of amphipathic peptides, and bioactive properties (ABTS+ radical scavenging and ACE-I inhibitory activity). The identified peptides from F3 by tandem mass spectrometry were 138. In silico analysis showed that 26 identified peptides had ABTS+ inhibitory activity, while 59 ones presented good antihypertensive properties. The effect of XG and P levels on bioaccessibility of F3 peptides in the formulated beverages was studied by a central composite experimental design. It was observed that F3 peptides interacted with hydrocolloids by electrostatic forces at pH of formulated beverages. The addition of hydrocolloids to formulation modulated the release of the antioxidant peptides and protected the degradation of ACE-I inhibitory peptides from F3 during simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Finally, the level of hydrocolloids that produced intermediate viscosities in the formulated beverages improved the bioaccessibility of the F3 peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Garzón
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - S M Pontoni
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - G Mamone
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (ISA-CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - S R Drago
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - R E Cian
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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Zhu D, Yuan Z, Wu D, Wu C, El-Seedi HR, Du M. The dual-function of bioactive peptides derived from oyster (Crassostrea gigas) proteins hydrolysates. Food Science and Human Wellness 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Sharma S, Pradhan R, Manickavasagan A, Tsopmo A, Thimmanagari M, Dutta A. Corn distillers solubles by two-step proteolytic hydrolysis as a new source of plant-based protein hydrolysates with ACE and DPP4 inhibition activities. Food Chem 2023; 401:134120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gupta N, Quazi S, Jha SK, Siddiqi MK, Verma K, Sharma S, Khan RH, Bhagyawant SS. Chickpea Peptide: A Nutraceutical Molecule Corroborating Neurodegenerative and ACE-I Inhibition. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36432511 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickpea seeds are the source of proteins in human nutrition and attribute some nutraceutical properties. Herein, we report the effects of chickpea seed bioactive peptide on albumin, insulin, lactoglobulin and lysozyme amyloid fibril formation. Employing thioflavin T (ThT) assays and circular dichroism (CD), amyloid structural binding transition was experimented to analyze the inhibition of amyloid fibril formation. The purified active peptide with a molecular mass of 934.53 Da was evaluated in vitro for its ACE-I inhibitory, antibacterial, antifungal and antidiabetic activities. Further, in vivo animal studies were carried out in wistar rats for blood pressure lowering action. In hypertensive rats, chickpea peptide decreased 131 ± 3.57 mm of Hg for systolic blood pressure and 86 ± 1.5 mm of Hg for diastolic blood pressure after 8 h intraperitoneal administration. Additionally, the peptide suppressed the fibrillation of amyloid and destabilized the preformed mature fibrils. Data emphasize efficacy of chickpea peptide vis-a-vis ACE-Inhibitory, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic and anti-amyloidogenic activities, allowing us to propose this novel peptide as a suitable candidate for nutraceutical-based drugs and seems the first kind of its nature.
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Jahandideh F, Wu J. A review on mechanisms of action of bioactive peptides against glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Food Science and Human Wellness 2022; 11:1441-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Al-bukhaiti WQ, Al-dalali S, Noman A, Qiu S, Abed SM, Qiu S. Response Surface Modeling and Optimization of Enzymolysis Parameters for the In Vitro Antidiabetic Activities of Peanut Protein Hydrolysates Prepared Using Two Proteases. Foods 2022; 11:3303. [DOI: 10.3390/foods11203303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimization of the enzymolysis process for preparing peanut protein hydrolysates using alcalase and trypsin was performed by employing the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables were solid-to-liquid ratio (S/L), enzyme-to-substrate ratio (E/S), pH, and reaction temperature, while the response variables were degree of hydrolysate (DH), α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The highest DH (22.84% and 14.63%), α-amylase inhibition (56.78% and 40.80%), and α-glucosidase inhibition (86.37% and 86.51%) were obtained under optimal conditions, which were S/L of 1:26.22 and 1:30 w/v, E/S of 6% and 5.67%, pH of 8.41 and 8.56, and temperature of 56.18 °C and 58.75 °C at 3 h using alcalase (AH) and trypsin (TH), respectively. Molecular weight distributions of peanut protein hydrolysates were characterized by SDS-PAGE, which were mostly ˂10 kDa for both hydrolysates. Lyophilized AH and TH had IC50 values of 6.77 and 5.86 mg/mL for α-amylase inhibitory activity, and 6.28 and 5.64 mg/mL for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The IC50 of AH and TH against DPPH radical was achieved at 4.10 and 3.20 mg/mL and against ABTS radical at 2.71 and 2.32 mg/mL, respectively. The obtained hydrolysates with antidiabetic activity could be utilized as natural alternatives to synthetic antidiabetics, particularly in food and pharmaceutical products.
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Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Martins ZE, Faria MÂ, Sousa JB, Ferreira IMPLVO, Diniz C. Protein Hydrolysates from Brewing By-Products as Natural Alternatives to ACE-Inhibitory Drugs for Hypertension Management. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101554. [PMID: 36294989 PMCID: PMC9605471 DOI: 10.3390/life12101554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypertension is the predominant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The search for natural compounds with antihypertensive properties, such as bioactive peptides from brewing by-products (spent grain and yeast), which are less likely to cause severe side effects compared with anti-hypertensive drugs, is of major importance to reduce cardiovascular events. Since oral intake of these peptides may modify their expected effects, the aim of the present study was to simulate oral administration and evaluate the impact of gastrointestinal digestion, intestinal absorption, and liver metabolism on the effectiveness of those bioactive peptides and determine their potential to be used as supplements or nutraceuticals as well as anti-hypertensive drugs before moving forward to animal studies. Results showed that peptides derived from the brewing industry maintain or present higher antihypertensive activity after simulation of oral administration, validating the usefulness of these peptides to reduce the risk, ameliorate, or treat primary hypertension. In conclusion, this study reinforces, through in vitro studies, the benefits of oral administrated brewing bioactive peptides to directly manage hypertension by lowering blood pressure, thus being promising compounds. Abstract The treatment of hypertension is of major importance to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are anti-hypertensive drugs associated with several side effects. Natural products, namely bioactive peptides from brewing by-products, brewers’ spent grain (BSG), and yeast (BSY), are promising alternatives since they can inhibit ACE in vitro. However, the oral intake of these peptides may modify their expected inhibitory effect owing to possible changes in active peptides’ bioavailability, which have not been assessed so far. The goal of this study was to simulate oral administration to evaluate BSG/BSY peptides’ effectiveness by submitting protein hydrolysates sequentially to simulated gastrointestinal digestion, intestinal absorption (Caco-2 cells), and liver metabolism (HepG2 cells). MTT assay was used to assess BSG/BSY protein hydrolysates safeness. The ACE-inhibitory potential of initial and final protein hydrolysates (BSY, BSG, and a new product, MIX) were tested using a fluorometric assay and compared with captopril (1 µM, an ACE-inhibitory drug). Simulation of oral administration greatly increased BSY and MIX protein hydrolysates’ ACE-inhibitory capacity, though final MIX and BSG revealed greater ACE-inhibitory potential than captopril. Notwithstanding, all final protein hydrolysates presented ACE-inhibitory capacity, thus being promising compounds to manage hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Zita E. Martins
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Ângelo Faria
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Beatriz Sousa
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. P. L. V. O. Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
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Félix-medina JV, Sepúlveda-haro AG, Quintero-soto MF. Stability of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of peptide fractions of Maize (Zea mays L.) under different processes. Food Measure. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01618-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Gutierrez-Barrutia MB, Cozzano S, Arcia P, Del Castillo MD. In Vitro Digestibility and Bioaccessibility of Nutrients and Non-Nutrients Composing Extruded Brewers' Spent Grain. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36079739 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extrusion process on the bioaccessibility of brewers’ spent grain (BSG) nutrients (carbohydrates and proteins) and non-nutrients (bioactive compounds). BSG and extruded BSG (EBSG) were digested in vitro simulating human oral-gastro-intestinal digestion and colonic fermentation. The duodenal bioaccessibility of glucose, amino acids and phenolic compounds was analyzed. The fermentability of the dietary fiber was assessed by analysis of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, assessment of the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds after colonic fermentation was undertaken. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties of the bioaccessible compounds were studied. Extrusion caused no change in the digestibility of gluten and glucose bioaccessibility (p > 0.05). Moreover, the bioaccessibility of amino acids and phenolic compounds significantly increased (p < 0.05) due to extrusion. However, higher short-chain fatty acid content was formed in colonic fermentation of BSG (p < 0.05) compared to EBSG. The latter inhibited intracellular ROS formation in IEC-6 cells and showed anti-inflammatory properties in RAW264.7 cells. With respect to antidiabetic properties, glucose absorption was lower, and the inhibition of carbohydrases higher (p < 0.05), in the presence of EBSG compared to BSG. The effects of EBSG and BSG digests on glucose transporters were not significantly different (p > 0.05). In conclusion, extrusion positively affected the nutritional value and health-promoting properties of BSG.
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Mostafa H, Al-ahbabi N, Adiamo OQ, Mudgil P, Maqsood S. Phoenix dactylifera L. seed protein hydrolysates as a potential source of peptides with antidiabetic and anti-hypercholesterolemic properties: An in vitro study. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mousavi B, Azizi MH, Abbasi S. Antidiabetic bio-peptides of soft and hard wheat glutens. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences 2022; 4:100104. [PMID: 35480228 PMCID: PMC9036137 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Effect of enzyme purification techniques on kiwifruit extract and gluten peptides were investigated. Ammonium sulfate was the most efficient kiwifruit enzyme purification method. Ammonium sulfate based purified enzyme produced bio-active peptides (<1 kDa). The highest in vitro inhibitory activities was observed on gliadin based peptides. High Pro, Ser, and Asp contents of sub-fraction (P3) explain the inhibitory effects.
The effects of various purification techniques on kiwifruit enzyme characteristics (protease activity, kinetic parameters, and protein patterns) and production of wheat gluten bio-active peptides were investigated. The enzyme extract purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation method exhibited the highest protease activity (26), Km (0.04 ± 0.002 mM), Kcat/Km (40), and yield (96%). Using actinidin, the hard and soft wheat gluten subunit proteins produced antidiabetic inhibitory (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) peptides. The smallest Mw fraction of soft wheat gliadin peptide (<1 kDa) showed the highest inhibitory capacity against α-glucosidase (18.4 ± 0.7%) and α-amylase (53.3 ± 1.9%). The presence of high levels of amino acids with hydroxyl groups and proline in P3 sub-fraction had a critical role on α-glucosidase (47.2%) and α-amylase (71.2%) inhibitory activities. In conclusion, wheat gluten subunit peptides showed significant metabolic effects relevant to glucose and insulin control in vitro.
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Garzón AG, Ferreira MDR, Cian RE, Oliva ME, D'Alessandro ME, Drago SR. Microencapsulated bioactive peptides from brewer's spent grain promotes antihypertensive and antidiabetogenic effects on a hypertensive and insulin-resistant rat model. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14283. [PMID: 35746832 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of microcapsules containing brewer's spent grain (BSG) peptides were evaluated on a hypertensive/insulin-resistant rat model induced by a sucrose-rich diet (SRD) administration. Animals received for 100 days the control diet (CD), SRD, and CD and SRD diets supplemented with microencapsulated peptides (CD-P and SRD-P). During the experimental period, blood pressure was monitored. Glycemia, tissue glycogen content, nitric oxide, and the activity of enzymes related to hypertensive and diabetogenic mechanisms were determined. The consumption of SRD caused hypertensive and hyperglycemic effects compared to CD. However, the SRD-P group presented lower systolic pressure at the middle of ingestion, achieving similar values than the CD. The SRD-P rats decreased all enzymes' activities compared to the SRD reaching the values of CD, except for those of α-amylase in cecal content and DPP-IV in serum. It was possible to corroborate potential antihypertensive and antidiabetogenic in vivo effects of the microencapsulated BSG peptides. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the main waste obtained from brewing industry. Bioactive peptides obtained after an enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins with in vitro antihypertensive and antidiabetogenic activity have been described. However, to corroborate the action of these bioactive peptides, in vivo studies are necessary. In the present work, microcapsules containing bioactive peptides from BSG were administered on the rat model with induced hypertension and insulin-resistance, corroborating an in vivo antihypertensive and antidiabetogenic effects by inhibition of enzymes related with blood pressure regulation and glucose metabolism. This work demonstrated that microcapsules of BSG peptides could be included into functional foods formulations, or used as dietary supplement for improving health and the prevention of non-communicable diseases, adding value to the brewing process by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela G Garzón
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Del Rosario Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raul E Cian
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia Oliva
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia D'Alessandro
- Laboratorio de Estudio de Enfermedades Metabólicas relacionadas con la Nutrición, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Silvina R Drago
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Ginindza A, Solomon W, Shelembe J, Nkambule T. Valorisation of brewer's spent grain flour (BSGF) through wheat-maize-BSGF composite flour bread: optimization using D-optimal mixture design. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09514. [PMID: 35663457 PMCID: PMC9160767 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inclusion of brewer's spent grain flour (BSGF) in food formulations has been reported to have nutritional and health benefits due to the contents like, protein, fibre and phenolic compounds. Bread has been used as common vehicle for functional and nutritive ingredients due to its wide consumption. Several studies attempted to incorporate BSGF flour in baked products. Studies also have reported on the application of maize flour in bread and baked products. However, there is limited information on the possibility of producing bread from composite flour using BSGF with other widely consumed cereals like maize together with wheat flour. The study investigated the optimization of bread recipe made from wheat flour, maize flour and BSGF in order to attain optimal physicochemical and sensory attributes using D-optimal mixture design. A total of 16 runs were formulated using design expert software. The blend proportions of wheat, maize and BSGF had a significant (p < 0.05) influence on bread specific volume, volume and density. Increase in BSGF proportion decreased the specific volume and volume whereas the loaf density increased. The specific volume increased with increase in wheat flour proportion. The combination of high levels of BSGF and maize, however, brought about a slight increase in specific volume compared to combinations of low levels of BSGF and maize flour. The fibre, protein and ash content of bread significantly (p < 0.05) increased with increase in BSGF and maize proportion whereas the effect of maize flour was less pronounced compared to BSGF. The sensory attributes including colour, taste, flavour, texture and overall acceptability were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced with increase in BSGF and maize flour content. Using the optimization criteria where all sensory attributes have to be at least “like slightly” intensity, maximized, specific volume, fiber and protein, that the best results were found between 73 to 87% of wheat, 9–20% maize, and 0–11% BSGF based on graphical optimization. Numerical optimization indicated that best results were using combination of 65% wheat, 20% maize flour, and 15% BSGF with a desirability value of 0.524. According to the results of the study, BSGF can be incorporated up 10% and maize flour up to 20% obtain an acceptable product.
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Aderinola TA, Akinola IA, Babalola OE, Adebisi AO, Akinyemi OJ, Adenuga OE. Supplementation of Biscuit with Moringa Oleifera Seed Protein Enhanced Its in-vitro Antioxidative, Antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory Properties. Journal of Culinary Science & Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2022.2073933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo Ayodele Aderinola
- Department of Food Science and Technology, the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Isaiah Abiodun Akinola
- Department of Food Science and Technology, the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Olayinka Janet Akinyemi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Islam MS, Wang H, Admassu H, Sulieman AA, Wei FA. Health benefits of bioactive peptides produced from muscle proteins: Antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic activities. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Khosravi F, H M, Azizi, Rabani M, Nadoshan RM. Assessment of the biotechnological activity of wheat hydrolysates prepared with the Biarum bovei extract. Food Measure 2022. [PMCID: PMC8995695 DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Biarum bovei extract was used to produce bioactive peptides from wheat gluten protein and the biological and functional properties of the hydrolysates were determinated. The results showed that Biarum bovei extract has its highest protease activity (7.3 U/mg protein) at 45 °C and pH 5. Based on electrophoresis analysis, the molecular weight of hydrolysate was < 10 kDa. F1 fraction had the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH (65.85 ± 2.64 µmol TE/g)) and ABTS radical scavenging assays (295.81 µmol TE/g). F2 fraction with 86.3 ± 0.48 had the ability to inhibit the ACE enzyme. The F3 and F1 fractions had statistically the highest inhibition rate (49.37 ± 0.12%. and 79.19 ± 1.13%) in alpha-glucosidase and alpha amylase, respectively. The F1, F2 fractions hydrolysate had an inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus. Functional properties of hydrolysates with increasing molecular weight, increased significantly. The presence of high levels (p ≤ 0.05) of amino acids with hydroxyl groups, hydrophobic and positive charged in fractions had critical role on biological and technological activity. These findings confirmed the efficiency of gluten hydrolysates with low molecular weight (F1 < 3 kDa) on biofunctionality such as scavenging radical activity, ACE inhibitory, antidiabetic and antibacterial activity could be beneficial from health and technological perspectives.
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Jahandideh F, Bourque SL, Wu J. A comprehensive review on the glucoregulatory properties of food-derived bioactive peptides. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100222. [PMID: 35498998 PMCID: PMC9039931 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, affects millions of people worldwide and is on the rise. Dietary proteins, from a wide range of food sources, are rich in bioactive peptides with antidiabetic properties. Notable examples include AGFAGDDAPR, a black tea-derived peptide, VRIRLLQRFNKRS, a β-conglycinin-derived peptide, and milk-derived peptide VPP, which have shown antidiabetic effects in diabetic rodent models through variety of pathways including improving beta-cells function, suppression of alpha-cells proliferation, inhibiting food intake, increasing portal cholecystokinin concentration, enhancing insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and ameliorating adipose tissue inflammation. Despite the immense research on glucoregulatory properties of bioactive peptides, incorporation of these bioactive peptides in functional foods or nutraceuticals is widely limited due to the existence of several challenges in the field of peptide research and commercialization. Ongoing research in this field, however, is fundamental to pave the road for this purpose.
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Key Words
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- Akt, Protein kinase B
- Bioactive peptides
- C/EBP-α, CCAAT/ enhancer binding protein alpha
- CCK, Cholecystokinin
- CCK-1R, CCK type 1 receptor
- DPP-IV, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV
- Diabetes mellitus
- ERK1/2, Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2
- GIP, Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
- GLP-1, Glucagon-like peptide 1
- GLUT, Glucose transporter
- Glucose homeostasis
- IRS-1, Insulin receptor substrate-1
- Insulin resistance
- MAPK, Mitogen activated protein kinase
- PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- PPARγ, Peroxisome proliferator associated receptor gamma
- Reproductive dysfunction
- TZD, Thiazolidinedione
- cGMP, cyclic guanosine-monophosphate
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Jahandideh
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Li Q, Yang H, Coldea TE, Andersen ML, Li W, Zhao H. Enzymolysis kinetics, thermodynamics and structural property of brewer’s spent grain protein pretreated with ultrasound. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Rahimi R, Ahmadi Gavlighi H, Amini Sarteshnizi R, Barzegar M, Udenigwe CC. In vitro antioxidant activity and antidiabetic effect of fractionated potato protein hydrolysate via ultrafiltration and adsorption chromatography. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Felix M, Cermeño M, FitzGerald RJ. Structure and in vitro bioactive properties of O/W emulsions generated with fava bean protein hydrolysates. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110780. [PMID: 34865795 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of plant-derived proteins in the generation of food products is gaining popularity as an alternative to proteins of animal origin. This study described the emulsifying and bioactive properties of fava bean protein hydrolysates (FBH) generated at low and high degree of hydrolysis (DH), i.e., FBH8 (low DH: 8.4 ± 0.3) and FBH210 (high DH: 15.6 ± 0.7) when adjusted to three different pHs (3.0, 5.0 and 8.0). Overall, FBH8, had more favourable emulsifying properties compared to the FBH210. The emulsion generated with FBH8 at pH 8.0 also had the highest antioxidant activity when measured by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays with values of 1108.6 ± 3.8 and 1159.9 ± 20.5 μmol Trolox Eq·g-1 emulsion, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the emulsions, in most cases, remained unchanged following in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Both the FBH8 and FBH210 emulsions following in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion were able to inhibit the activities of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) with ∼45% and 65% inhibition, respectively. These results indicated that hydrolysates from fava bean may find use for the generation of bioactive emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Felix
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maria Cermeño
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Richard J FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland.
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22
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Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Martins ZE, Sousa JB, Ferreira IM, Diniz C. The health-promoting potential of peptides from brewing by-products: An up-to-date review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kamal H, Mudgil P, Bhaskar B, Fisayo AF, Gan C, Maqsood S. Amaranth proteins as potential source of bioactive peptides with enhanced inhibition of enzymatic markers linked with hypertension and diabetes. J Cereal Sci 2021; 101:103308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2021.103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Becker D, Bakuradze T, Hensel M, Beller S, Yélamos CC, Richling E. Influence of Brewer's Spent Grain Compounds on Glucose Metabolism Enzymes. Nutrients 2021; 13:2696. [PMID: 34444856 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With a yearly production of about 39 million tons, brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant brewing industry byproduct. Because it is rich in fiber and protein, it is commonly used as cattle feed but could also be used within the human diet. Additionally, it contains many bioactive substances such as hydroxycinnamic acids that are known to be antioxidants and potent inhibitors of enzymes of glucose metabolism. Therefore, our study aim was to prepare different extracts—A1-A7 (solid-liquid extraction with 60% acetone); HE1-HE6 (alkaline hydrolysis followed by ethyl acetate extraction) and HA1-HA3 (60% acetone extraction of alkaline residue)—from various BSGs which were characterized for their total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents, before conducting in vitro studies on their effects on the glucose metabolism enzymes α-amylase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV), and glycogen phosphorylase α (GPα). Depending on the extraction procedures, TPCs ranged from 20–350 µg gallic acid equivalents/mg extract and TFCs were as high as 94 µg catechin equivalents/mg extract. Strong inhibition of glucose metabolism enzymes was also observed: the IC50 values for α-glucosidase inhibition ranged from 67.4 ± 8.1 µg/mL to 268.1 ± 29.4 µg/mL, for DPP IV inhibition they ranged from 290.6 ± 97.4 to 778.4 ± 95.5 µg/mL and for GPα enzyme inhibition from 12.6 ± 1.1 to 261 ± 6 µg/mL. However, the extracts did not strongly inhibit α-amylase. In general, the A extracts from solid-liquid extraction with 60% acetone showed stronger inhibitory potential towards a-glucosidase and GPα than other extracts whereby no correlation with TPC or TFC were observed. Additionally, DPP IV was mainly inhibited by HE extracts but the effect was not of biological relevance. Our results show that BSG is a potent source of α-glucosidase and GPα inhibitors, but further research is needed to identify these bioactive compounds within BSG extracts focusing on extracts from solid-liquid extraction with 60% acetone.
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Bonifácio-Lopes T, Vilas Boas AA, Coscueta ER, Costa EM, Silva S, Campos D, Teixeira JA, Pintado M. Bioactive extracts from brewer's spent grain. Food Funct 2021; 11:8963-8977. [PMID: 33001088 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01426e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, antioxidant-rich extracts from brewer's spent grain (BSG) extracted by solid-to-liquid extraction using different solvents water and ethanol and their mixtures at two ratios (80% ethanol : water (v/v) and 60% ethanol : water (v/v)) were characterized. Nutritional composition was evaluated for the extracts and for the solid residues obtained after extraction. Additionally, the extracts were analyzed for the total phenolic content and individual phenolic compounds and related biological properties including antioxidant capacity (ABTS; ORAC and DNA protection), antihypertensive capacity, antibacterial activity and antibiofilm capacity. Safety was also demonstrated through genotoxicity and cytotoxicity tests. The results obtained showed that while all the extracts exhibited high antioxidant capacity (except ethanolic extract), the highest values were obtained for the 60% ethanol : water extract. The identification of phenolic compounds using HPLC showed that catechin and vanillin were the main compounds identified with the highest concentration being obtained for 60% ethanol : water extraction. In the biological activity assays, water and hydroethanolic extracts were multifunctional (antioxidant and antihypertensive capacity, antibacterial and antibiofilm activity), and the 80% ethanol : water presented better results in some assays. All were non-genotoxic, but the cytotoxicity was dependent on the extract concentration, with complete safe application for all up to 1 mg mL-1. Therefore, this study shows the potential of a viable green solvent based and low cost extraction recovery method of bioactive compounds from brewer's spent grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bonifácio-Lopes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal. and CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana A Vilas Boas
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ezequiel R Coscueta
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo M Costa
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara Silva
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Débora Campos
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José A Teixeira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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26
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Amini Sarteshnizi R, Sahari MA, Ahmadi Gavlighi H, Regenstein JM, Nikoo M, Udenigwe CC. Influence of fish protein hydrolysate-pistachio green hull extract interactions on antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPP-IV enzymes. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021; 142:111019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Hellebois T, Gaiani C, Planchon S, Renaut J, Soukoulis C. Impact of heat treatment on the acid induced gelation of brewers’ spent grain protein isolate. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Arise RO, Taofeek OO, Babaita K, Adeoye RI, Osemwegie O. Blood pressure and sugar regulating potentials of Anarcadium occidentale nut globulin and albumin hydrolysates. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06384. [PMID: 33748468 PMCID: PMC7970272 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several novel functional peptides have been successfully extracted from plant storage proteins. This study investigated the degree of hydrolysis, peptide yield, amino acid constituents, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), alpha amylase inhibitory and in vitro antioxidant activities of cashew (Anarcardium occidentale) nut proteins (CNP) hydrolysates (CNPHs). Cashew nut proteins (albumin and globulin) were hydrolysed using pancreatin, Alcalase and trypsin. The peptide yield and degree of hydrolysis (DH) of CNP by pancreatin (75.69 ± 0.84%; 37.39 ± 0.31) was significantly higher than those by Alcalase (61.67 ± 0.55%; 23.87 ± 0.23) and trypsin (43.33 ± 0.45%; 11 ± 0.15). The inhibition of ACE by albumin and globulin hydrolysates was concentration dependent. At 1.2 mg/mL, ACE-inhibitory activity of pancreatic cashew nut globulin (CNGH) hydrolysate (51.65 ± 1.2%) was significantly higher than those of Alcalase (34.603 ± 0.65%) and tryptic (29.92 ± 0.73%) CNGHs. Cashew nut albumin hydrolysate (CNAH) demonstrated concentration-dependent alpha-amylase inhibition (IC50 0.17 ± 0.02-0.41 ± 0.021 mg/mL). The order of inhibition was tryptic > Alcalase > pancreatic CNAHs. The pancreatic hydrolysates of both albumin and globulin fractions displayed the highest DPPH antioxidant activity, while pancreatic CNAH was the most potent superoxide anion scavenger. These findings therefore posit that cashew nut globulin and albumin hydrolysates are laden with useful bioactive peptides that may be further explored for regulation of blood pressure and sugar in hypertensive and diabetic in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotimi Olusanya Arise
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Kehinde Babaita
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Raphael Idowu Adeoye
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Omorefosa Osemwegie
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
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29
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Connolly A, Cermeño M, Alashi AM, Aluko RE, Fitzgerald RJ. Generation of phenolic-rich extracts from brewers' spent grain and characterisation of their in vitro and in vivo activities. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021; 68:102617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Zaharuddin ND, Hanafi MA, Chay SY, Hussin FS, Auwal SM, Zarei M, Sarbini SR, Wan Ibadullah WZ, Karim R, Saari N. Multifunctional hydrolysates from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed protein with high antihypertensive activity in vitro and in vivo. Food Measure 2021; 15:652-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Miguéns-Gómez A, Casanova-Martí À, Blay MT, Terra X, Beltrán-Debón R, Rodríguez-Gallego E, Ardévol A, Pinent M. Glucagon-like peptide-1 regulation by food proteins and protein hydrolysates. Nutr Res Rev 2021;:1-17. [PMID: 33461642 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422421000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an enterohormone with a key role in several processes controlling body homeostasis, including glucose homeostasis and food intake regulation. It is secreted by the intestinal cells in response to nutrients, such as glucose, fat and amino acids. In the present review, we analyse the effect of protein on GLP-1 secretion and clearance. We review the literature on the GLP-1 secretory effects of protein and protein hydrolysates, and the mechanisms through which they exert these effects. We also review the studies on protein from different sources that has inhibitory effects on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), the enzyme responsible for GLP-1 inactivation, with particular emphasis on specific sources and treatments, and the gaps there still are in knowledge. There is evidence that the protein source and the hydrolytic processing applied to them can influence the effects on GLP-1 signalling. The gastrointestinal digestion of proteins, for example, significantly changes their effectiveness at modulating this enterohormone secretion in both in vivo and in vitro studies. Nevertheless, little information is available regarding human studies and more research is required to understand their potential as regulators of glucose homeostasis.
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Karimi A, Ahmadi Gavlighi H, Amini Sarteshnizi R, Udenigwe CC. Effect of maize germ protein hydrolysate addition on digestion, in vitro antioxidant activity and quality characteristics of bread. J Cereal Sci 2021; 97:103148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Gong X, An Q, Le L, Geng F, Jiang L, Yan J, Xiang D, Peng L, Zou L, Zhao G, Wan Y. Prospects of cereal protein-derived bioactive peptides: Sources, bioactivities diversity, and production. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2855-2871. [PMID: 33325758 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1860897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cereals account for a large proportion of the human diet and are an important source of protein. The preparation of cereal protein peptides is a good way to utilize these proteins. Cereal protein peptides have good application potential as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer compounds, in lowering blood pressure, controlling blood sugar, and inhibiting thrombosis. This article reviews the literature on the functional properties, mechanisms of action, and applications of cereal protein peptides in the food industry with two perspectives, and summarizes the methods for their preparation and identification. The biologically active peptides derived from different grain proteins have varied main functional properties, which may be related to the differences in the amino acid composition and protein types of different grains. On this basis, the structure-activity relationship of cereal protein peptides was discussed. The advancement of identification technology makes the integration of bioinformatics and bioactive peptide research closer. Bioinformatics by combination of online database, computer simulation and experimental verification is helpful to in-deep study the structure-activity relationship of biologically active peptides, and improve efficiency in the process of obtaining target peptides with less cost. In addition, the application of cereal protein peptides in the food industry is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxiao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Qi An
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Liqing Le
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Liangzhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R China
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Mirab B, Ahmadi Gavlighi H, Amini Sarteshnizi R, Azizi MH, C. Udenigwe C. Production of low glycemic potential sponge cake by pomegranate peel extract (PPE) as natural enriched polyphenol extract: Textural, color and consumer acceptability. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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35
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Gong L, Feng D, Wang T, Ren Y, Liu Y, Wang J. Inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase: Potential linkage for whole cereal foods on prevention of hyperglycemia. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:6320-6337. [PMID: 33312519 PMCID: PMC7723208 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The strategy of reducing carbohydrate digestibility by controlling the activity of two hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) to control postprandial hyperglycemia is considered as a viable prophylactic treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, the consumption of foods rich in hydrolyzing enzyme inhibitors is recommended for diet therapy of diabetes. Whole cereal products have gained increasing interests for plasma glucose-reducing effects. However, the mechanisms for whole cereal benefits in relation to T2DM are not yet fully understood, but most likely involve bioactive components. Cereal-derived phenolic compounds, peptides, nonstarch polysaccharides, and lipids have been shown to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. These hydrolyzing enzyme inhibitors seem to make whole cereals become nutritional strategies in managing postmeal glucose for T2DM. This review presents an updated overview on the effects provided by cereal-derived ingredients on carbohydrate digestibility. It suggests that there is some evidence for whole cereal intake to be beneficial in amelioration of T2DM through inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Gong
- China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesBeijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)BeijingChina
| | - Danning Feng
- China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesBeijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)BeijingChina
| | - Tianxi Wang
- China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesBeijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)BeijingChina
| | - Yuqing Ren
- China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesBeijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)BeijingChina
| | - Yingli Liu
- China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesBeijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)BeijingChina
| | - Jing Wang
- China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesBeijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)BeijingChina
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Kaur A, Kehinde BA, Sharma P, Sharma D, Kaur S. Recently isolated food-derived antihypertensive hydrolysates and peptides: A review. Food Chem 2020; 346:128719. [PMID: 33339686 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a non-communicable disease characterized by elevated blood pressure, and a prominent metabolic syndrome of modern age. Food-borne bioactive peptides have shown considerable potencies as suitable therapeutic agents for hypertension. The peptide inhibition of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) from its default biochemical conversion of Ang I to Ang II has been studied and more relatively adopted in several studies. This review offers an examination of the isolation of concomitant proteins in foods, their hydrolysis into peptides and the biofunctionality checks of those peptides based on their anti-hypertensive potentialities. Furthermore, critical but concise details about methodologies and analytical techniques used in the purification of such peptides are discussed. This review is a beneficial literature supplement for scholars and provides functional awareness material for the food-aligned alternative therapy for hypertension. In addition, it points researchers in the direction of adopting food materials and associated by-products as natural sources for the isolation biologically active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi GT Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | | | - Poorva Sharma
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi GT Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Deepansh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, India
| | - Sawinder Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi GT Road, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
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Felix M, Cermeño M, FitzGerald RJ. Influence of Hydrolysis on the Bioactive Properties and Stability of Chickpea-Protein-Based O/W Emulsions. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:10118-10127. [PMID: 32815360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the emulsion microstructure and bioactive properties of oil-in-water emulsions generated using chickpea protein concentrate (CP) and its 10 and 210 min Alcalase CP hydrolysates (CPH10 and CPH210, respectively) at three pH values (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5). Chromatographic profiles demonstrated CP protein breakdown following hydrolysis. Increasing the degree of hydrolysis resulted in increased emulsion droplet size and decreased viscoelastic moduli. The antioxidant capacities of the emulsions generated with CPH10 and CPH210 increased significantly compared to those generated with CP and were pH-dependent. Both angiotensin-converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory activities were significantly increased in emulsions stabilized with CPH210; however, these results were also pH-dependent. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of the emulsions resulted in a significant increase in all bioactivities. These results demonstrate the potential for enzymatic hydrolysis to beneficially modulate the emulsifying and bioactive properties of CP proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Felix
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Departamento de Ingenieria Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41011, Spain
| | - Maria Cermeño
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Richard J FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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Rivero-Pino F, Espejo-Carpio FJ, Pérez-Gálvez R, Guadix A, Guadix EM. Effect of ultrasound pretreatment and sequential hydrolysis on the production of Tenebrio molitor antidiabetic peptides. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rivero-Pino F, Espejo-Carpio FJ, Guadix EM. Antidiabetic Food-Derived Peptides for Functional Feeding: Production, Functionality and In Vivo Evidences. Foods 2020; 9:E983. [PMID: 32718070 PMCID: PMC7466190 DOI: 10.3390/foods9080983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides released from the enzymatic hydrolysis of food proteins are currently a trending topic in the scientific community. Their potential as antidiabetic agents, by regulating the glycemic index, and thus to be employed in food formulation, is one of the most important functions of these peptides. In this review, we aimed to summarize the whole process that must be considered when talking about including these molecules as a bioactive ingredient. In this regard, at first, the production, purification and identification of bioactive peptides is summed up. The detailed metabolic pathways described included carbohydrate hydrolases (glucosidase and amylase) and dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibition, due to their importance in the food-derived peptides research field. Then, their characterization, concerning bioavailability in vitro and in situ, stability and functionality in food matrices, and ultimately, the in vivo evidence (from invertebrate animals to humans), was described. The future applicability that these molecules have due to their biological potential as functional ingredients makes them an important field of research, which could help the world population avoid suffering from several diseases, such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rivero-Pino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.J.E.-C.); (E.M.G.)
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Marson GV, de Castro RJS, Belleville MP, Hubinger MD. Spent brewer's yeast as a source of high added value molecules: a systematic review on its characteristics, processing and potential applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:95. [PMID: 32583032 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Development of new strategies to add-value to agro-industrial by-products are of environmental and economical importance. Innovative and low-cost sources of protein and bioactive peptides have been explored worldwide. Spent brewer's yeast (SBY) is the second most relevant by-product from the brewing industry, and despite its nutritional (about 50% protein, dry weight) and technological potential, it is still underused or needs to be disposed of. SBY cells need to be disrupted to release intracellular and cell wall proteins. This procedure has been performed using autolysis, glass bead milling, enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasound processing. Enzymatic treatment is usually performed without prior purification and is a challenging process, which involves multiple factors, but has been successfully used as a strategy to add value to agro-industrial by-products. Scope and approach: in this review, we particularly focused on enzymatic hydrolysis as a strategy to promote SBY valorisation, illustrating the state-of-the-art processes used to produce protein extracts from this material as well as exploring fundamental concepts related to the particularities of yeast cell disruption and protein hydrolysis. Furthermore, innovative applications of value-added yeast by-products in food, biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries are presented and discussed. Key findings and conclusions: the discovery of valuable compounds found in spent yeasts as well as the development of new processing methodologies have been widening the possibilities of reuse and transformation of SBY as an ingredient and innovative matrix. Once released, yeast proteins and peptides may be applied as an innovative non-animal protein source or a functional and bioactive ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Vollet Marson
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, UM, CC 047, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France. .,Laboratory of Process Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering, UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Ruann Janser Soares de Castro
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Marie-Pierre Belleville
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, UM, CC 047, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Miriam Dupas Hubinger
- Laboratory of Process Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering, UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
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Rivero Pino F, Pérez Gálvez R, Espejo Carpio FJ, Guadix EM. Evaluation of Tenebrio molitor protein as a source of peptides for modulating physiological processes. Food Funct 2020; 11:4376-4386. [PMID: 32373903 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00734j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The increasing world population has led to the need to search for new protein sources, such as insects, the harvesting of which can be economical and environmentally sustainable. This study explores the biological activities (angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, antioxidant capacity, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition) of Tenebrio molitor hydrolysates produced by a set of food-grade proteases, namely subtilisin, trypsin, ficin and flavourzyme, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH), ranging from 5% to 20%. Trypsin hydrolysates exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity at a DH of 10% (IC50 0.27 mg mL-1) in the experimental series, which was attributed to the release of short peptides containing Arg or Lys residues in the C terminus, and described as the ACE-inhibition feature. The levels of in vitro antioxidant activities were comparable to those reported for insect species. Subtilisin and trypsin hydrolysates at a DH of 10% displayed optimal DPPH scavenging and ferric reducing activities, which was attributed to the presence of 5-10-residue active peptides, as reported in the literature. Iron chelating activity was significantly favoured by increasing the DH, attaining a minimal IC50 of 0.8 mg mL-1 at a DH of 20% regardless of the enzymatic treatment. Similarly, in vitro antidiabetic activity was significantly improved by extensive hydrolysis, and, more specifically, the presence of di- and tripeptides. In this regard, the combined treatment of subtilisin-flavourzyme at a DH of 20% showed maximal DPP-IV inhibition (IC50 2.62 mg mL-1). To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the DPP-IV activity of Tenebrio molitor hydrolysates obtained from these commercial proteases. We conclude that Tenebrio molitor hydrolysates produced with food-grade proteases are a valuable source of active peptides that can be used as functional ingredients in food and nutraceutical preparations.
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Karimi A, Azizi MH, Ahmadi Gavlighi H. Frationation of hydrolysate from corn germ protein by ultrafiltration: In vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2395-2405. [PMID: 32405396 PMCID: PMC7215226 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, defatted corn germ was hydrolyzed by three proteases and further separated by sequential ultrafiltration with different molecular weight cutoff (100, 10, 2 kDa). Corn germ protein hydrolysate (CGPH) and their fractions were investigated for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPP-IV inhibitory activity. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) after 2 hr was 17.5%, 11.14%, and 2.05% for alcalase, trypsin, and flavourzyme, respectively. Trypsin hydrolysate showed the highest DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging and Fe2+ chelating activity, but a lower α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. F1 fraction (<2 kDa) exhibited highest radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. While F2 fraction (2-10 kDa) showed the higher Fe2+ chelating and α-amylase inhibitory activity, F1 fraction of flavourzyme showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory and F2 fraction of alcalase and flavourzyme exhibited highest α-amylase inhibitory activity. Hydrolysate and F1 fraction of alcalase and F2 fraction of trypsin showed the highest DPP-IV inhibitory activity. RP-HPLC results showed that trypsin hydrolysate had higher levels of high-hydrophobic peptides. The amino acid composition of the F1 fractions showed high levels of hydrophobic amino acids. Thus, CGPHs may be used as a potential source of antioxidant and antidiabetic peptides in food industry and pharmaceutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Karimi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Azizi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Hassan Ahmadi Gavlighi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Casanova-Martí À, Bravo FI, Serrano J, Ardévol A, Pinent M, Muguerza B. Antihyperglycemic effect of a chicken feet hydrolysate via the incretin system: DPP-IV-inhibitory activity and GLP-1 release stimulation. Food Funct 2020; 10:4062-4070. [PMID: 31225553 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00695h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the potential of hydrolysates of chicken feet proteins as natural dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors was investigated; moreover, three hydrolysates were selected due to their high DPP-IV inhibitory capacity (>80% inhibition), showing the IC50 values of around 300 μg estimated protein per mL; one of them (named p4H) was selected for the posterior analysis. In addition, its effect on glucose tolerance was investigated in two rat models (diet and age-induced) of glucose-intolerance and healthy animals; the amount of 300 mg estimated peptide per kg body weight improved the plasma glucose profile in both glucose-intolerance models. Moreover, it stimulated active GLP-1 release in the enteroendocrine STC-1 cells and rat ileum tissue. In conclusion, our results indicate that chicken feet proteins are a good source of bioactive peptides as DPP-IV inhibitors. Moreover, our results highlight the potential of the selected hydrolysate p4H in the management of type 2 diabetes due to its dual function of inhibition of the DPP-IV activity and induction of the GLP-1 release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Casanova-Martí
- MoBioFood Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, c/Marcel·lí Domingo no. 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, c/Marcel·lí Domingo no. 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Serrano
- MoBioFood Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, c/Marcel·lí Domingo no. 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Anna Ardévol
- MoBioFood Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, c/Marcel·lí Domingo no. 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Pinent
- MoBioFood Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, c/Marcel·lí Domingo no. 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, c/Marcel·lí Domingo no. 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Wen C, Zhang J, Duan Y, Zhang H, Ma H. A Mini‐Review on Brewer's Spent Grain Protein: Isolation, Physicochemical Properties, Application of Protein, and Functional Properties of Hydrolysates. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3330-3340. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Wen
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Jixian Zhang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Inst. of Food Physical ProcessingJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Inst. of Food Physical ProcessingJiangsu Univ. Zhenjiang 212013 China
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Cermeño M, Connolly A, O'Keeffe MB, Flynn C, Alashi AM, Aluko RE, FitzGerald RJ. Identification of bioactive peptides from brewers’ spent grain and contribution of Leu/Ile to bioactive potency. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Yu D, Sun Y, Wang W, O’Keefe SF, Neilson AP, Feng H, Wang Z, Huang H. Recovery of protein hydrolysates from brewer’s spent grain using enzyme and ultrasonication. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061USA
| | - Yewei Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061USA
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801USA
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058China
| | - Sean F. O’Keefe
- Department of Food Science and Technology Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061USA
| | - Andrew P. Neilson
- Department of Food Science and Technology Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061USA
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801USA
| | - Zhiwu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061USA
| | - Haibo Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061USA
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Cermeño M, Felix M, Connolly A, Brennan E, Coffey B, Ryan E, FitzGerald RJ. Role of carbohydrate conjugation on the emulsification and antioxidant properties of intact and hydrolysed whey protein concentrate. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Felix M, Cermeño M, Romero A, FitzGerald RJ. Characterisation of the bioactive properties and microstructure of chickpea protein-based oil in water emulsions. Food Res Int 2018; 121:577-585. [PMID: 31108784 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Legumes, such as chickpea, represent a good source of high quality proteins for which there is an increasing global consumer demand. A chickpea protein concentrate (CP) was generated by isoelectric precipitation. Protein determination, electrophoretic and gel permeation chromatographic analysis revealed that the order of CP solubility was pH 7.5 > 2.5 > 5.0. Sunflower oil in water (O/W) emulsions were generated with the CP at pH 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5. Microstructural evaluation of the emulsions using laser light-scattering particle size analysis, optical microscopy and rheological analysis showed that smaller droplet size (3.1 ± 0.2 and 1.1 ± 0.1 μm) and the highest elastic moduli (876.0 ± 3.2 and 563.5 ± 6.5 Pa) were obtained in those emulsions generated with CP at pH 2.5 and 7.5. The ferric reducing (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values of the CP emulsions ranged from 194.5 ± 19.2 to 242.4 ± 8.4 μmol Trolox Eq·g-1 CP for FRAP at pH 2.5 and 5.0, respectively, and from 313.2 ± 2.6 to 369.0 ± 1.6 μmol Trolox eq·g-1 CP for ORAC at pH 5.0 and 2.5, respectively. The enzyme inhibitory activity of the emulsions was generally low irrespective of the pH value (c.a. 3 and 30% inhibition for dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity, respectively). Simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) of the emulsions significantly decreased their FRAP whereas it increased their ORAC values as well as their ACE and DPP-IV inhibitory activities irrespective of the pH value of the CP. These results demonstrate the potential application of reduced fat CP-stabilized emulsions for the provision of antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Felix
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41011, Spain
| | - Maria Cermeño
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Alberto Romero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41011, Spain
| | - Richard J FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland.
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49
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Connolly A, Cermeño M, Crowley D, O'Callaghan Y, O'Brien NM, FitzGerald RJ. Characterisation of the in vitro bioactive properties of alkaline and enzyme extracted brewers' spent grain protein hydrolysates. Food Res Int 2018; 121:524-532. [PMID: 31108777 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is a co-product of the brewing industry that has been shown to contain a range of bioactive peptides encrypted within its protein sequences. Two methods were evaluated herein to generate bioactive peptides; (i) an alkaline extracted BSG protein rich fraction (BSG-PI) was hydrolysed using different combinations of proteolytic enzymes and (ii) BSG was pre-treated with carbohydrases followed by direct hydrolysis using proteolytic enzymes (BSG-DH). BSG-DH with Alcalase/Flavourzyme resulted in significantly higher (p < .05) protein yield when compared to BSG-PI (63.09 ± 0.27 and 58.90 ± 1.45%, respectively). The antioxidant activities (ORAC, FRAP and ABTS) of the BSG-PI and -DH hydrolysates differed depending on the assay and proteolytic enzyme combination preparations used for hydrolysis. Inhibition of DPP-IV by the BSG-PI hydrolysates ranged from 87.01 ± 0.15 to 89.61 ± 0.12% while inhibition by the BSG-DH hydrolysates ranged from 35.71 ± 0.72 to 85.06 ± 0.17%. A significant reduction in the release of interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells was observed following treatment with BSG-PI hydrolysates generated with Prolyve/Protease P (58.30 ± 13.76%) and Corolase PP/Flavourzyme (48.02 ± 10.82%) when compared to untreated LPS stimulated control cells (100%). BSG-DH hydrolysates were subjected to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) which resulted in a reduction in antioxidant activity, an increase in DPP-IV inhibition and no change in the immunomodulatory activity. Ultrafiltration of selected BSG-DH hydrolysates (through 30 and 10 kDa membranes) gave some permeates with enhanced bioactivities. The results demonstrate that direct enzymatic hydrolysis of BSG is a feasible approach for the generation of bioactive peptides without the prior use of an alkali protein extraction step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Connolly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maria Cermeño
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Damian Crowley
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Yvonne O'Callaghan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Nora M O'Brien
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Richard J FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
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50
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Cian RE, Garzón AG, Martínez-Augustin O, Botto CC, Drago SR. Antithrombotic Activity of Brewers' Spent Grain Peptides and their Effects on Blood Coagulation Pathways. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2018; 73:241-246. [PMID: 29992417 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antithrombotic activity of brewers' spent grain peptides before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion and their effects on blood coagulation pathways were evaluated. Two hydrolysates were produced using sequential enzymatic systems: alkaline protease + Flavourzyme (AF) and neutral protease + Flavourzyme (PF). Simulation of gastrointestinal digestion of AF and PF hydrolysates was made using porcine pepsin and pancreatin enzymes, obtaining the corresponding digested samples: AFD and PFD, respectively. Peptides were fractionated by ultrafiltration using a 1 kDa cut-off membrane. Hydrolysates had peptides with medium and low molecular weights (2100 and 500 Da, respectively), and Glu, Asp, Leu, Ala, and Phe were the most abundant amino acids. Gastrointestinal digested hydrolysates presented high proportion of small peptides (~500 Da), and higher amount of Val, Tyr, and Phe than hydrolysates. Mass spectrum (HDMS Q-TOF) of AFD-ultrafiltered fraction <1 kDa exhibited peptides from 500 to 1000 Da, which are not present in AF. PFD showed the generation of new peptides from 430 to 1070 Da. All samples showed thrombin inhibitory activity. However, no effect was observed on prothrombin time. Peptides <1 kDa from hydrolysates and digested samples delayed thrombin and thromboplastin time respect to the control (~63%). Also the samples showed thrombin inhibitory activity at common pathway level. Thus, brewers' spent grain peptides exerted their antithrombotic activity by inhibiting the intrinsic and common pathways of blood coagulation. This is the first report to demonstrate that brewers' spent grain peptides are able to delay clotting time after simulated gastrointestinal digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl E Cian
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Antonela G Garzón
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Olga Martínez-Augustin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cecilia C Botto
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - UNL, Paraje el Pozo s/n, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Silvina R Drago
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ - UNL, 1° de Mayo 3250, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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