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Fatma H, Jameel M, Siddique HR. An Update on Phytochemicals in Redox Homeostasis: “Virtuous or Evil” in Cancer Chemoprevention? Chemistry 2023; 5:201-222. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis, a dynamic process ensuring a balance between cellular oxidizing and reducing reactions, is crucial for maintaining healthy cellular physiology and regulating many biological processes, requiring continuous monitoring and fine-tuning. Reactive species play a critical role in intra/intercellular signaling, and each cell has a specific system guarding cellular redox homeostasis. ROS signaling and oxidative stress are involved in cancer initiation and progression. However, the generation of reactive species beyond the threshold level inside the tumor microenvironment is considered one of the therapeutic approaches. Various studies have shown that some phytochemicals can target the redox homeostasis of the tumor microenvironment. Recent advances have focused on developing and introducing phytochemical interventions as favorable therapeutic options against cancer. However, studies have also suggested the “virtuous” and “evil” impacts of phytochemicals. Some phytochemicals enhance therapeutic efficacy by promoting intracellular oxidant accumulation. However, under certain conditions, some phytochemicals may harm the cellular microenvironment to promote cancer and tend to target different pathways for cancer initiation and development instead of targeting redox homeostasis. In this context, this review is focused on providing an overall understanding of redox homeostasis and intends to highlight the potential positive and negative impacts of phytochemicals in redox homeostasis and disease development. We also discuss the recent nanotechnology-based advancements in combating cancer development.
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Kaur P, Shergill R, Mehta RG, Singh B, Arora S. Biofunctional significance of multi-herbal combination against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:61021-61046. [PMID: 34165748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A multi-herbal combination (MHC) of five herbs, namely Punica granatum L., Putranjiva roxburghii Wall., Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers and Trigonella corniculata L. was assessed against the paracetamol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in female Wistar rats. The animals were randomly assorted into seven groups with six animals in each group. The rats were pre-treated with MHC (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw) and silymarin (50 mg/kg bw) once daily for seven consecutive days via oral route followed by administration of paracetamol (3 g/kg bw) on day 7, an hour after the last administration of MHC and silymarin. It was observed that MHC administration significantly (p ≤ 0.05) overturned the paracetamol-induced increase in serum liver function biomarkers (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin), phase I reaction enzymes (NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase), and oxidant biomarkers (lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides, and protein content). MHC administration also reinstated the paracetamol-induced significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in haematological indices (haematocrit, haemoglobin, red and white blood cells, and platelets), phase II reaction enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase and DT-diaphorase), membrane-bound enzymes (Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase), and antioxidant biomarkers (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase). Overall, MHC at 200 mg/kg bw dose significantly (p ≤ 0.05) sheltered the red blood cells from the assault of free radicals, stabilized the structural and functional integrity of hepatocytes, hindered acetaminophen (APAP) biotransformation to its toxic metabolites, and endorsed conjugating abilities to detoxify toxic entities. Furthermore, MHC significantly (p ≤ 0.05) activated enzymatic machinery to scavenge/inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, regulated nucleic acid metabolism, surface potential, and membrane fluidity, attenuated tissue breakdown, quenched peroxyl radicals, and provided protection against tissue injury. The necroinflammatory scores revealed strong evidence of MHC (200 mg/kg bw) effectiveness against the paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats at p ≤ 0.05. The synergistic effect of major inherent phytoconstituents (kaempferol, ellagic acid, and gallic acid), detected by HPLC-PDA, in MHC might have overturned the paracetamol-induced biochemical toxic alterations in rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Robin Shergill
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
- Khalsa College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, 143002, India.
| | - Rajendra G Mehta
- Cancer Biology Division, IIT Research Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Smiljevska-Ristovska V, Sabriu-Haxhijaha A, Ristoski T, Kosharkoska-Spasovska F, Krstanoski L, Dimitrova-Shumkovska J. Markers involved in proinflammatory effects by environmental toxicants. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:570-579. [PMID: 32623939 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1791293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological studies have identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in human breast milk, smoked and barbequed food, although the largest contribution of PAH intake into the body are cereals and cereals products. The major effects attributable to PAH appeared to occur in the liver, lungs, the hematopoietic system, and the kidney. Nevertheless, more precise mechanisms by which PAH initiates its pathological features are not fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated levels of myeloperoxidase activity, its association with nitric oxide synthesis (NO), levels of uric acid (UA) in circulating blood and glucose in female rats exposed to environmental toxicants. A higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide activates myeloperoxidase, which acts as a leucocyte attractant, contributing to enhanced iNOS activity. In parallel, uric acid in addition to its pro-inflammatory effects aggravates insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, which worsens the process. Our findings suggest potential intermediate mechanisms involved in the inflammatory effects of PAH, which might give insight for the involvement of environmental toxicants not only in carcinogenesis but also in its association with acute cardiovascular disease and induction of multi-organ damage. The development of iNOS inhibitors might be beneficial in certain inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Smiljevska-Ristovska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Experimental Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | | | - Trpe Ristoski
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Frosina Kosharkoska-Spasovska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Experimental Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Ljupcho Krstanoski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Experimental Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Jasmina Dimitrova-Shumkovska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Experimental Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Gopalakrishnan T, Ganapathy S, Veeran V, Namasivayam N. Preventive effect of D-carvone during DMBA induced mouse skin tumorigenesis by modulating xenobiotic metabolism and induction of apoptotic events. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:178-187. [PMID: 30583225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural integrity and excellent immune system of the skin makes it a protective covering, inspite of its exposure to hazardous compounds. In the present study, the chemopreventive efficacy of D-carvone was studied in 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced skin carcinogenesis. DMBA (25 μg in 0.1 m L-1acetone) was used to induce skin cancer in Swiss albino mice. Animals were randomly divided into six groups of six animals in each. Different concentrations of D-carvone (10, 20, 30 mg/kg body weight) were used to assess its anticancer effect. Tumor incidence, tumor volume, tumor burden, histological examination and levels of phase I and phase II detoxification agents were analyzed in experimental animals. Further, expression of p53 and various apoptotic proteins including- Bcl-2, Bax was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and enzymatic expression of apoptotic proteins caspase-3 and caspase-9 was carried out by using ELISA. We observed 100% tumor incidence in DMBA-painted animals and our results showed that D-carvone at 20 mg dose significantly prevents skin carcinogenesis. Our results also showed decreased levels of phase I enzymes (Cyt P450 and-Cyt b5) with increased levels of phase II enzymes (GR, GST and GSH) and increased expression of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 with decreased expression of mutated p53 and Bcl-2 in animals treated with DMBA and D-carvone at 20 mg dose. The results of the present study suggest that D-carvone can be used as a chemopreventive agent against skin cancer, as it induces apoptosis in cancer. However, further studies are warranted to check chemopreventive efficacy of D-carvone on cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis before going to human trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamizharasi Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sindhu Ganapathy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Veeravarmal Veeran
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College & Hospital, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nalini Namasivayam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kumar P, Bhadauria AS, Singh AK, Saha S. Betulinic acid as apoptosis activator: Molecular mechanisms, mathematical modeling and chemical modifications. Life Sci 2018; 209:24-33. [PMID: 30076920 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A natural product betulinic acid (BA) has gained a huge significance in the recent years for its strong cytotoxicity. Surprisingly, in spite of being an interesting cancer protecting agent on a variety of tumor cells, the normal cells and tissues are rarely affected by BA. Betulinic acid and analogues (BAs) generally exert through the mechanisms that provokes an event of direct cell death and bypass the resistance to normal chemotherapeutics. Although the major mechanism associated with its ability to induce direct cell death is mitochondrial apoptosis, there are several other mechanisms explored recently. Importantly, mathematical modeling of apoptosis has been an important tool to explore the precise mechanism involved in mitochondrial apoptosis. Thus, this review is an endeavor to sum up the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of BA and future directions to apply mathematical modeling technique to better understand the precise mechanism of BA-induced apoptosis. The last section of the review encompasses the plausible structural modifications and formulations to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Archana S Bhadauria
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India.
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Babukumar S, Vinothkumar V, Velu P, Ramachandhiran D. Hesperetin on Cell Surface Glycoconjugates Abnormalities and Immunohistochemical Staining with Cytokeratin in 7,12 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis. Indian J Clin Biochem 2018; 33:438-44. [PMID: 30319190 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hesperetin, a naturally occurring citrus flavanone of the bioactive substance, possesses different pharmacological and biochemical activities including anti-cancer and anti-oxidants effect. The aim of the study to investigate that hesperetin on abnormalities of glycoconjugates (protein bound hexose, hexosamine, total sialic acid and fucose), histology (PAS staining) and immunoexpression of cytokeratin during 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis. Oral tumors were developed in the buccal pouches of male golden Syrian hamsters by topical application of 0.5% DMBA thrice a week for 10 weeks and developed morphological alterations depicted as hyperplasia, dysplasia and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma formation with noticeable abnormalities of glycoconjugates and cytokeratin. The protective effect of hesperetin against DMBA was evaluated by assessing immunohistochemical expression, histological sections of buccal tissues and the levels of glycoconjugates in the buccal mucosa and plasma were analyzed. Hesperetin administrated orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. to hamsters treated with DMBA, significantly reduced the status of glycoconjugates and cytokeratin to the near normal range. Overall findings accomplished that hesperetin protects cell surface glycoconjugates abnormalities in DMBA induced HBP carcinogenesis.
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Rampal G, Thind TS, Arora R, Vig AP, Arora S. Synergistic antimutagenic effect of isothiocyanates against varied mutagens. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:879-887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kaur P, Kaur R, Arora R, Arora S. Effect of 3, hydroxy-lup- 20(29)-en-28-oic acid on 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a) anthracene impaired cellular homeostasis in extrahepatic organs of Sprague Dawley rats. J Xenobiot 2017; 7:6475. [PMID: 30701057 PMCID: PMC6325307 DOI: 10.4081/xeno.2017.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
3β, hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (Betulinic acid), a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene has diverse pharmacological functions both in vitro and in vivo. The present study focuses its protective effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (7,12- Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene or DMBA) induced alterations in membrane bound ATPases, detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in stomach and lungs of female Sprague Dawley rats. Healthy female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assorted into six groups and the treatments were given orally for 7 weeks on alternate days. It was observed that betulinic acid facilitated the downregulation of elevated membrane bound ATPases (Na+/K+- ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase) in DMBA administered rats. Likewise, the detoxification enzymes as well as antioxidant enzymes were modulated to normalcy in rats. Overall, betulinic acid was seen to be effective modulator of DMBA induced alterations in biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar;
| | - Rajbir Kaur
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Ropar, India
| | - Rohit Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar;
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar;
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Kumar M, Kaur P, Chandel M, Singh AP, Jain A, Kaur S. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves against 2-acetylaminofluorene induced hepatic damage in male Wistar rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:56. [PMID: 28100199 PMCID: PMC5242058 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Lawsonia inermis (Lythraceae) is an ethnomedicinal plant, traditionally known for curing several ailments such as skin diseases, bacterial infections, jaundice, renal lithiases and inflammation etc. The present work deals with assessment of in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective potential of butanolic fraction (But-LI) of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves. Methods Antioxidant activity was evaluated using deoxyribose degradation, lipid peroxidation inhibition and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. In vivo protective potential of But-LI was assessed at 3 doses [100, 200 & 400 mg/kg body weight (bw)] against 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) induced hepatic damage in male Wistar rats. Results But-LI effectively scavenged hydroxyl radicals in deoxyribose degradation assay (IC50 149.12 μg/ml). Fraction also inhibited lipid peroxidation and demonstrated appreciable reducing potential in FRAP assay. Treatment of animals with 2-AAF resulted in increased hepatic parameters such as SGOT (2.22 fold), SGPT (1.72 fold), ALP (5.68 fold) and lipid peroxidation (2.94 fold). Different concentration of But-LI demonstrated pronounced protective effects via decreasing levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP and lipid peroxidation altered by 2-AAF treatment. But-LI administration also restored the normal liver architecture as evident from histopathological studies. Conclusions The present experimental findings revealed that phytoconstituents of Lawsonia inermis L. possess potential to effectively protect rats from the 2-AAF induced hepatic damage in vivo possibly by inhibition of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation.
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Marchenko MM, Ketsa OV, Shmarakov IO, Abutnaritsa KH. Monooxygenase system in Guerin’s carcinoma of rats under conditions of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids administration. Ukr Biochem J 2016; 88:48-56. [PMID: 29235764 DOI: 10.15407/ubj88.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the variations of function in components of monooxygenase system (MOS) of rat Guerin’s carcinoma under ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) administration. The activity of Guerin’s carcinoma microsomal NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, the content and the rate of cytochrome b5 oxidation-reduction, the content and the rate of cytochrome Р450 oxidation-reduction have been investigated in rats with tumor under conditions of ω-3 PUFAs administration. ω-3 PUFAs supplementation before and after transplantation of Guerin’s carcinoma resulted in the increase of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase activity and decrease of cytochrome b5 level in the Guerin’s carcinoma microsomal fraction in the logarithmic phases of carcinogenesis as compared to the tumor-bearing rats. Increased activity of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase facilitates higher electron flow in redox-chain of MOS. Under decreased cytochrome b5 levels the electrons are transferred to oxygen, which leads to heightened generation of superoxide (O2•-) in comparison to control. It was shown, that the decrease of cytochrome P450 level in the Guerin’s carcinoma microsomal fraction in the logarithmic phases of oncogenesis under ω-3 PUFAs administration may be associated with its transition into an inactive form – cytochrome P420. This decrease in cytochrome P450 coincides with increased generation of superoxide by MOS oxygenase chain.
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Ali-Seyed M, Jantan I, Vijayaraghavan K, Bukhari SNA. Betulinic Acid: Recent Advances in Chemical Modifications, Effective Delivery, and Molecular Mechanisms of a Promising Anticancer Therapy. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 87:517-36. [PMID: 26535952 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An important method of drug discovery is examination of diverse life forms, including medicinal plants and natural products or bioactive compounds isolated from these sources. In cancer research, lead structures of compounds from natural sources can be used to design novel chemotherapies with enhanced biological properties. Betulinic acid (3β-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid or BetA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene with a wide variety of biological activities, including potent antitumor properties. Non-malignant cells and normal tissues are not affected by BetA. Because BetA exerts its effects directly on the mitochondrion and triggers death of cancerous cells, it is an important alternative when certain chemotherapy drugs fail. Mitochondrion-targeted agents such as BetA hold great promise to circumvent drug resistance in human cancers. BetA is being developed by a large network of clinical trial groups with the support of the U.S. National Cancer Institute. This article discusses recent advances in research into anticancer activity of BetA, relevant modes of delivery, and the agent's therapeutic efficacy, mechanism of action, and future perspective as a pipeline anticancer drug. BetA is a potentially important agent in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali-Seyed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti, Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia.,School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, India
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti, Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
| | | | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti, Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), The National University of Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
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Lee SY, Kim HH, Park SU. Recent studies on betulinic acid and its biological and pharmacological activity. EXCLI J 2015; 14:199-203. [PMID: 26648812 PMCID: PMC4667568 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sook Young Lee
- Regional Innovation Center for Dental Science & Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea
| | - Haeng Hoon Kim
- Department of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, 413 Jungangno, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, 540-742, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
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Arora R, Bhushan S, Kumar R, Mannan R, Kaur P, Singh AP, Singh B, Vig AP, Sharma D, Arora S. Hepatic dysfunction induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene and its obviation with erucin using enzymatic and histological changes as indicators. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112614. [PMID: 25390337 PMCID: PMC4229223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) has been widely delineated by a number of researchers. This potent chemical damages many internal organs including liver, by inducing the production of reactive oxygen species, DNA-adduct formation and affecting the activities of phase I, II, antioxidant and serum enzymes. Glucosinolate hydrolytic products like isothiocyanates (ITCs) are well known for inhibiting the DNA-adduct formation and modulating phase I, II enzymes. Sulforaphane is ITC, currently under phase trials, is readily metabolized and inter-converted into erucin upon ingestion. We isolated erucin from Eruca sativa (Mill.) Thell. evaluated its hepatoprotective role in DMBA induced toxicity in male wistar rats. The rats were subjected to hepatic damage by five day regular intraperitoneal doses of DMBA. At the end of the protocol, the rats were euthanized, their blood was collected and livers were processed. The liver homogenate was analyzed for phase I (NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, cytochrome P450, cytochrome P420 and cytochrome b5), phase II (DT diaphorase, glutathione-S-transferase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidise, ascorbate peroxidise, glutathione reductase and lactate dehydrogenase). The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes and reduced glutathione in the liver homogenate was also analyzed. The serum was also analyzed for markers indicating hepatic damage (alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin). Erucin provided significant protection against DMBA induced damage by modulating the phase I, II and antioxidant enzymes. The histological evaluation of liver tissue was also conducted, which showed the hepatoprotective role of erucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sakshi Bhushan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pardeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Amrit Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Bikram Singh
- Natural Plant Products Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Adarsh P. Vig
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Natural Plant Products Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Subramanian V, Venkatesan B, Tumala A, Vellaichamy E. Topical application of Gallic acid suppresses the 7,12-DMBA/Croton oil induced two-step skin carcinogenesis by modulating anti-oxidants and MMP-2/MMP-9 in Swiss albino mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 66:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Abstract
The protective adjuvants in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika M. Kamble
- Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacology
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
| | - Sameer N. Goyal
- Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacology
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Drug Discovery Laboratory
- Department of Pharmacology
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, India
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