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Sun T, Zhang F, Xu Y, Wang X, Jia J, Sang L, Li J, Wang D, Yu Z. Lysine-Polydopamine Nanocrystals Loaded with the Codrug Abemaciclib-Flurbiprofen for Oral Treatment of Cancer. ACS Omega 2024; 9:18137-18147. [PMID: 38680297 PMCID: PMC11044242 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) combined with chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) are a promising therapeutic strategy. NSAIDs can effectively boost the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by inhibiting the synthesis of COX-2. However, hazardous side effects and barriers to oral drug absorption are the main challenges for combination therapy with chemotherapeutics and NSAIDs. To address these issues, a safe and effective lysine-polydopamine@abemaciclib-flurbiprofen (Flu) codrug nanocrystal (Lys-PDA@AF NCs) was designed. Abemaciclib (Abe), a novel and effective inhibitor of the CDK4/6 enzyme, and Flu were joined to prepare Abemaciclib-Flu codrug (AF) by amide bonds, and then the AF was made into nanocrystals. Lysine-modified polydopamine was selected as a shell to encapsulate nanocrystals to enhance intestinal adhesion and penetration and lengthen the duration time of drugs in vivo. Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, Massspectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and drug loading were used to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the nanocrystals. In our study, Abe and Flu were released to exert their synergistic effect when the amide bond of AF was broken and the amide bond was sensitive to cathepsin B which is overexpressed in most tumor tissues, thus increasing the selectivity of the drug to the tumor. The results showed that Lys-PDA@AF NCs had higher cytotoxicity for CRC cell with an IC50 of 4.86 μg/mL. Additionally, pharmacokinetics showed that Abe and Flu had similar absorption rates in the Lys-PDA@AF NCs group, improving the safety of combination therapy. Meanwhile, in vivo experiments showed that Lys-PDA@AF NCs had excellent antitumor effects and safety. Overall, it was anticipated that the created Lys-PDA@AF NCs would be a potential method for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Faxing Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yuyi Xu
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Nanjing
University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, No. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Jiajia Jia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Lihong Sang
- Department
of Pharmacy, Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, No. 31, Sanitation Lane, Haizang
Road, Liangzhou District, Wuwei 733000, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Dongkai Wang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Yu
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang
Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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Sharma H, Yang H, Sharma N, An SSA. Trachyspermum ammi Bioactives Promote Neuroprotection by Inhibiting Acetylcholinesterase, Aβ-Oligomerization/Fibrilization, and Mitigating Oxidative Stress In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:9. [PMID: 38275629 PMCID: PMC10812417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a large category of progressive neurological disorders with diverse clinical and pathological characteristics. Among the NDs, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread disease, which affects more than 400 million people globally. Oxidative stress is evident in the pathophysiology of nearly all NDs by affecting several pathways in neurodegeneration. No single drug can manage multi-faceted diseases like NDs. Therefore, an alternative therapeutic strategy is required, which can affect several pathophysiological pathways at a time. To achieve this aim, hexane and ethyl acetate extract from Trachyspermum ammi (Carom) were prepared, and GC/MS identified the bioactive compounds. For the cell-based assays, oxidative stress was induced in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells using hydrogen peroxide to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the Carom extracts/bioactives. The extracts/bioactives provided neuroprotection in the cells by modulating multiple pathways involved in neurodegeneration, such as alleviating oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane potential. They were potent inhibitors of acetylcholine esterase enzymes and displayed competitive/mixed-type inhibition. Additionally, anti-Aβ1-42 fibrilization/oligomerization and anti-glycation activities were also analyzed. The multi-faceted neuroprotection shown via Carom/Carvacrol makes it a prospective contender in drug development for NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Niti Sharma
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Yan C, Kuang W, Jin L, Wang R, Niu L, Xie C, Ding J, Liao Y, Wang L, Wan H, Ma G. Carvacrol protects mice against LPS-induced sepsis and attenuates inflammatory response in macrophages by modulating the ERK1/2 pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12809. [PMID: 37550359 PMCID: PMC10406886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the development of life-threatening sepsis, which is characterized by multiorgan dysfunction, through their ability to produce inflammatory cytokines. Carvacrol is a phenolic compound that has been confirmed to possess strong anti‑inflammatory activity. In this study, we mainly investigated the effect of carvacrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage proinflammatory responses and endotoxic shock. The results showed that carvacrol significantly reduced mouse body weight loss and ameliorated pathological damage to the liver, lung, and heart under LPS-induced sepsis. Carvacrol attenuated inflammatory responses by inhibiting the LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, carvacrol inhibited IL-6 production mainly through the ERK1/2 signalling pathway in macrophages. Furthermore, carvacrol improved the survival of septic mice. This study sheds light on the role of carvacrol in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced sepsis, and thus, its potential in treating sepsis patients may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Wendong Kuang
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ling Niu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Chuanqi Xie
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Jian Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yongcui Liao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Hongjiao Wan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Guangqiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine/College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
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Cacciatore I, Spalletta S, Di Rienzo A, Flati V, Fornasari E, Pierdomenico L, Del Boccio P, Valentinuzzi S, Costantini E, Toniato E, Martinotti S, Conte C, Di Stefano A, Robuffo I. Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Carvacrol Derivatives on 3T3-L1 and WJ-MSCs Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030340. [PMID: 36986440 PMCID: PMC10055808 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity, a complex metabolic disease resulting from an imbalance between food consumption and energy expenditure, leads to an increase in adipocytes and chronic inflammatory conditions. The aim of this paper was to synthesize a small series of carvacrol derivatives (CD1-3) that are able to reduce both adipogenesis and the inflammatory status often associated with the progression of the obesity disease. (2) Methods: The synthesis of CD1-3 was performed using classical procedures in a solution phase. Biological studies were performed on three cell lines: 3T3-L1, WJ-MSCs, and THP-1. The anti-adipogenic properties of CD1-3 were evaluated using western blotting and densitometric analysis by assessing the expression of obesity-related proteins, such as ChREBP. The anti-inflammatory effect was estimated by measuring the reduction in TNF-α expression in CD1-3-treated THP-1 cells. (3) Results: CD1-3—obtained through a direct linkage between the carboxylic moiety of anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, Flurbiprofen, and Naproxen) and the hydroxyl group of carvacrol—have an inhibitory effect on the accumulation of lipids in both 3T3-L1 and WJ-MSCs cell cultures and an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing TNF- α levels in THP-1 cells. (4) Conclusions: Considering the physicochemical properties, stability, and biological data, the CD3 derivative—obtained by a direct linkage between carvacrol and naproxen—resulted in the best candidate, displaying anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-871-355-44-75
| | - Sonia Spalletta
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Di Rienzo
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center on Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Valentinuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Erica Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Toniato
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Martinotti
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Iole Robuffo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center on Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza”, National Research Council, Section of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Thiruchenthooran V, Sánchez-López E, Gliszczyńska A. Perspectives of the Application of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Cancer Therapy: Attempts to Overcome Their Unfavorable Side Effects. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020475. [PMID: 36672424 PMCID: PMC9856583 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) express anti-tumoral activity mainly by blocking cyclooxygenase-2 involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins. Therefore, in the last few decades, many have attempted to explore the possibilities of applying this group of drugs as effective agents for the inhibition of neoplastic processes. This review summarizes the evidence presented in the literature regarding the anti-tumoral actions of NSAIDs used as monotherapies as well as in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics and natural products. In several clinical trials, it was proven that combinations of NSAIDs and chemotherapeutic drugs (CTDs) were able to obtain suitable results. The combination with phospholipids may resolve the adverse effects of NSAIDs and deliver derivatives with increased antitumor activity, whereas hybrids with terpenoids exhibit superior activity against their parent drugs or physical mixtures. Therefore, the application of NSAIDs in cancer therapy seems to be still an open chapter and requires deep and careful evaluation. The literature's data indicate the possibilities of re-purposing anti-inflammatory drugs currently approved for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaikunthavasan Thiruchenthooran
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.S.-L.); or (A.G.)
| | - Anna Gliszczyńska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.S.-L.); or (A.G.)
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6
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Klebeko J, Krüger O, Dubicki M, Ossowicz-Rupniewska P, Janus E. Isopropyl Amino Acid Esters Ionic Liquids as Vehicles for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Potential Topical Drug Delivery Systems with Antimicrobial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213863. [PMID: 36430346 PMCID: PMC9693575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New derivatives of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were synthesized via conjugation with L-amino acid isopropyl esters. The characteristics of the physicochemical properties of the obtained pharmaceutically active ionic liquids were determined. It has been shown how the incorporation of various L-amino acid esters as an ion pair affects the properties of the parent drug. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the obtained compounds was evaluated. The proposed structural modifications of commonly used drugs indicate great potential for use in topical and transdermal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Klebeko
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71065 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-449-48-01
| | - Oliver Krüger
- Department II Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, Berliner Hochschule für Technik, Luxemburger Straße, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mateusz Dubicki
- Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paula Ossowicz-Rupniewska
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Janus
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71065 Szczecin, Poland
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7
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Imran M, Aslam M, Alsagaby SA, Saeed F, Ahmad I, Afzaal M, Arshad MU, Abdelgawad MA, El‐Ghorab AH, Khames A, Shariati MA, Ahmad A, Hussain M, Imran A, Islam S. Therapeutic application of carvacrol: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:3544-3561. [PMID: 36348778 PMCID: PMC9632228 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol is a major natural constituent and is significantly present as an essential oil in aromatic plants and is well known for its numerous biological activities. Therapeutic properties of carvacrol have been demonstrated as anti-oxidant, anticancer, diabetes prevention, cardioprotective, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective and reproductive role, antiaging, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties. The carvacrol biosynthesis has been mediated through mevalonate pathway. Carvacrol has the anticancer ability against malignant cells via decreasing the expressions of matrix metalloprotease 2 and 9, inducing apoptosis, enhancing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, disrupting mitochondrial membrane, suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction, and also decreasing the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B. It also decreased the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as well as also restored liver function, insulin level, and plasma glucose level. Carvacrol also has been found to exert antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus sp. Shigella, and Escherichia coli. The current review article summarizes the health-promoting perspectives of carvacrol through various pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of NarowalNarowalPakistan
| | - Mahwish Aslam
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional SciencesThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityMajmaahSaudi Arabia
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ishtiaque Ahmad
- Department of Dairy Technology, FAPTUniversity of Veterinary & Animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Muhamamd Afzaal
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Arshad
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of PharmacyJouf UniversitySakakaSaudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. El‐Ghorab
- Department of Chemistry, College of ScienceJouf UniversitySakakaSaudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of PharmacyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University)MoscowRussian Federation
| | - Arslan Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
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da Cruz RMD, Mendonça-Junior FJB, de Mélo NB, Scotti L, de Araújo RSA, de Almeida RN, de Moura RO. Thiophene-Based Compounds with Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070692. [PMID: 34358118 PMCID: PMC8308569 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis, arthrosis and gout, among other chronic inflammatory diseases are public health problems and represent major therapeutic challenges. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most prescribed clinical treatments, despite their severe side effects and their exclusive action in improving symptoms, without effectively promoting the cure. However, recent advances in the fields of pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and chemoinformatics have provided valuable information and opportunities for development of new anti-inflammatory drug candidates. For drug design and discovery, thiophene derivatives are privileged structures. Thiophene-based compounds, like the commercial drugs Tinoridine and Tiaprofenic acid, are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. The present review provides an update on the role of thiophene-based derivatives in inflammation. Studies on mechanisms of action, interactions with receptors (especially against cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX)), and structure-activity relationships are also presented and discussed. The results demonstrate the importance of thiophene-based compounds as privileged structures for the design and discovery of novel anti-inflammatory agents. The studies reveal important structural characteristics. The presence of carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and amides, as well as methyl and methoxy groups, has been frequently described, and highlights the importance of these groups for anti-inflammatory activity and biological target recognition, especially for inhibition of COX and LOX enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryldene Marques Duarte da Cruz
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (R.M.D.d.C.); (L.S.); (R.N.d.A.)
| | - Francisco Jaime Bezerra Mendonça-Junior
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (R.M.D.d.C.); (L.S.); (R.N.d.A.)
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58071-160, PB, Brazil; (N.B.d.M.); (R.S.A.d.A.); (R.O.d.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-9-9924-1423
| | - Natália Barbosa de Mélo
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58071-160, PB, Brazil; (N.B.d.M.); (R.S.A.d.A.); (R.O.d.M.)
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (R.M.D.d.C.); (L.S.); (R.N.d.A.)
| | - Rodrigo Santos Aquino de Araújo
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58071-160, PB, Brazil; (N.B.d.M.); (R.S.A.d.A.); (R.O.d.M.)
| | - Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (R.M.D.d.C.); (L.S.); (R.N.d.A.)
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58071-160, PB, Brazil; (N.B.d.M.); (R.S.A.d.A.); (R.O.d.M.)
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Dantas AGB, de Souza RL, de Almeida AR, Xavier Júnior FH, Pitta MGDR, Rêgo MJBM, Oliveira EE. Development, Characterization, and Immunomodulatory Evaluation of Carvacrol-loaded Nanoemulsion. Molecules 2021; 26:3899. [PMID: 34202367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol (CV) is an essential oil with numerous therapeutic properties, including immunomodulatory activity. However, this effect has not been studied in nanoemulsion systems. The objective of this study was to develop an innovative carvacrol-loaded nanoemulsion (CVNE) for immunomodulatory action. The developed CVNE comprised of 5% w/w oily phase (medium chain triglycerides + CV), 2% w/w surfactants (Tween 80®/Span 80®), and 93% w/w water, and was produced by ultrasonication. Dynamic light scattering over 90 days was used to characterize CVNE. Cytotoxic activity and quantification of cytokines were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture supernatants. CVNE achieved a drug loading of 4.29 mg/mL, droplet size of 165.70 ± 0.46 nm, polydispersity index of 0.14 ± 0.03, zeta potential of −10.25 ± 0.52 mV, and good stability for 90 days. CVNE showed no cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 200 µM in PBMCs. CV diminished the production of IL-2 in the PBMC supernatant. However, CVNE reduced the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-17, and IFN-γ at 50 µM. In conclusion, a stable CVNE was produced, which improved the CV immunomodulatory activity in PBMCs.
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Krieser K, Emanuelli J, Daudt RM, Bilatto S, Willig JB, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Buffon A, Correa DS, Külkamp-Guerreiro IC. Taste-masked nanoparticles containing Saquinavir for pediatric oral administration. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 117:111315. [PMID: 32919675 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research has aimed to improve the stability and taste-masking properties by developing nanostructured dosage forms containing Saquinavir. Liquid formulations were developed using Eudragit RS100® and Pullulan as polymers. The physicochemical characteristics, stability, in vitro drug release, morphology, mucoadhesion and taste masking capacity were evaluated. The Saquinavir-nanoparticles had average diameters between 136 and 158 nm, with a Span below 1.4. These formulations presented a drug content above 80%, a high encapsulation efficiency (>97%), slightly acidic pH levels, low dynamic viscosity and controlled drug release. Electron microscopy revealed irregular spherical nanoparticles. The formulations prepared with higher amounts of Eudragit RS100® had greater mucoadhesion. Both polymers were able to improve drug stabilization, taste-masking properties and protection against drug cytotoxicity. The Saquinavir-nanoparticles exhibited stability and control releasing properties, thus making it a promising liquid dosage form with taste-masking properties intended for application in pediatric treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Krieser
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Ipiranga, 2572, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Emanuelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Moschini Daudt
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, UFRGS, Rua Engenheiro Luiz Englert s/n, Porto Alegre, RS 90040-040, Brazil
| | - Stanley Bilatto
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Biz Willig
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Ipiranga, 2572, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Ipiranga, 2572, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Raffin Pohlmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil.; Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UFRGS, CP15003, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Andréia Buffon
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Ipiranga, 2572, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel Souza Correa
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene Clemes Külkamp-Guerreiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Ipiranga, 2572, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil..
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