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O'Brien EK, Jerschow E, Divekar RD. Management of Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease: What Does the Future Hold? Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2024; 57:265-278. [PMID: 37833102 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP) and asthma with higher recurrence of nasal polyps after surgery and severe asthma. Patients with CRSwNP and asthma should be screened for AERD by detailed history of aspirin/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug reactions and review of medications that may mask aspirin reaction or directly by aspirin challenge. Treatment of AERD may require more intensive therapy, including endoscopic sinus surgery, daily aspirin therapy, leukotriene modifiers, or biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K O'Brien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Elina Jerschow
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rohit D Divekar
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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2
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Miglani A, Lal D, Divekar RD. Unified Airway Disease. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2023; 56:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Ahmad JG, Marino MJ, Luong AU. Unified Airway Disease. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2023; 56:181-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kelly RS, Cote MF, Begum S, Lasky-Su J. Pharmacometabolomics of Asthma as a Road Map to Precision Medicine. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 277:247-273. [PMID: 36271166 PMCID: PMC10116407 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacometabolomics applies the principles of metabolomics to therapeutics in order to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the variation in responses to drugs between groups and individuals. Asthma is associated with broad systemic effects and heterogeneity in treatment response and as such is ideally suited to pharmacometabolomics. In this chapter, we discuss the state of the emerging field of asthma pharmacometabolomics, with a particular focus on studies of steroids, bronchodilators, and leukotriene inhibitors. We also consider those studies concerned with subtyping cases to better understand the pharmacology of those groups and those looking to leverage pharmacometabolomics for asthma prevention. We finish with a discussion of the challenges and opportunities of asthma pharmacometabolomics and reflect upon where this field must go next in order to realize its precision medicine potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Margaret F Cote
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sofina Begum
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Khan DA, Banerji A, Blumenthal KG, Phillips EJ, Solensky R, White AA, Bernstein JA, Chu DK, Ellis AK, Golden DBK, Greenhawt MJ, Horner CC, Ledford D, Lieberman JA, Oppenheimer J, Rank MA, Shaker MS, Stukus DR, Wallace D, Wang J, Khan DA, Golden DBK, Shaker M, Stukus DR, Khan DA, Banerji A, Blumenthal KG, Phillips EJ, Solensky R, White AA, Bernstein JA, Chu DK, Ellis AK, Golden DBK, Greenhawt MJ, Horner CC, Ledford D, Lieberman JA, Oppenheimer J, Rank MA, Shaker MS, Stukus DR, Wallace D, Wang J. Drug allergy: A 2022 practice parameter update. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1333-1393. [PMID: 36122788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Kimberly G Blumenthal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Roland Solensky
- Corvallis Clinic, Oregon State University/Oregon Health Science University College of Pharmacy, Corvallis, Ore
| | - Andrew A White
- Department of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Allergy Section, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Derek K Chu
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; The Research Institute of St Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David B K Golden
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Matthew J Greenhawt
- Food Challenge and Research Unit Section of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Caroline C Horner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy Pulmonary Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | - Dennis Ledford
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla; James A. Haley Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tampa, Fla
| | - Jay A Lieberman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | - John Oppenheimer
- Division of Allergy, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, NJ
| | - Matthew A Rank
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Marcus S Shaker
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - David R Stukus
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dana Wallace
- Nova Southeastern Allopathic Medical School, Fort Lauderdale, Fla
| | - Julie Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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6
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Nordström A, Jangard M, Svedberg M, Ryott M, Kumlin M. Levels of eicosanoids in nasal secretions associated with nasal polyp severity in chronic rhinosinusitis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 184:102474. [PMID: 35917595 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Severe nasal polyposis and mucosal inflammation, in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may include a dysregulated eicosanoid profile, but a clinical role for eicosanoids in CRS with nasal polyps (NP; CRSwNP) remains to be elucidated. This study focused on assessing levels and clinical implications of inflammatory mediators in nasal secretions and urine from patients with different NP severity or Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD). Levels of leukotrienes E4 and B4, prostaglandins D2 and E2 as well as 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid were measured with enzyme immunoassays and cytokines with magnetic bead immunoassays. Patients with CRSwNP were subdivided based on NP score; CRSwNP-low (NP score ≤ 4, n = 11) or CRSwNP-high (NP score ≥ 5, n = 32) and compared to CRS without polyps (CRSsNP, n = 12), CRSwNP-AERD (n = 11) and individuals without CRS (n = 25). Smell test score, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood eosinophils and Sinonasal outcome test-22 were assessed as clinical markers. Leukotriene E4, prostaglandin D2 and 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in nasal secretions correlated with NP score. Nasal leukotriene E4 also correlated with FeNO and smell test score, with highest levels found in CRSwNP-AERD. Levels of prostaglandin D2 in nasal secretion as well as urinary levels of the prostaglandin D2 metabolite 11β-prostaglandin F2α differed between CRSNP-high and CRSwNP-low. Urinary 11β-prostaglandin F2α was associated with asthma comorbidity whereas a similar association with prostaglandin D2 in nasal secretions was not observed. In conclusion, subdividing patients based on NP severity in combination with analysis of eicosanoids in non-invasively collected nasal secretions, may have clinical implications when assessing CRS disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Nordström
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Jangard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sophiahemmet Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Svedberg
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Ryott
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sophiahemmet Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Kumlin
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rhyou HI, Nam YH, Park HS. Emerging Biomarkers Beyond Leukotrienes for the Management of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID)-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2022; 14:153-167. [PMID: 35255534 PMCID: PMC8914608 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2022.14.2.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is a unique condition characterized by aspirin/NSAID hypersensitivity, adult-onset asthma, and/or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Arachidonic acid metabolism dysregulation and intense eosinophilic/type 2 inflammation are central mechanisms in NERD. Studies have been conducted on various biomarkers, and urinary leukotriene E4 is considered the most available biomarker of NERD. However, the pathophysiology of NERD is heterogeneous and complex. Epithelial cells and platelets can interact with immune cells in NERD, and novel biomarkers related to these interactions have recently been investigated. We summarize emerging novel biomarkers of NERD and discuss their roles in the management of NERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-In Rhyou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Idler BM, Lal D, Marino MJ. Urinary leukotriene E4 is a biomarker for chronic rhinosinusitis associated with leukotriene dysregulation irrespective of aspirin sensitivity status. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2021; 12:805-808. [PMID: 34821062 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beau M Idler
- Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Devyani Lal
- Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael J Marino
- Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Choby G, Low CM, Levy JM, Stokken JK, Pinheiro-Neto C, Bartemes K, Marino M, Han JK, Divekar R, O'Brien EK, Lal D. Urine Leukotriene E4: Implications as a Biomarker in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 166:224-232. [PMID: 33973823 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211011060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the emerging role of urine leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) as a biomarker in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and asthma. DATA SOURCES Ovid MEDLINE(R), Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. REVIEW METHODS A state-of-the-art review was performed investigating the role of uLTE4 as a diagnostic biomarker, predictor of disease severity, and potential marker of selected therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS uLTE4 has been shown to be a reliable and clinically relevant biomarker for CRS, AERD, and asthma. uLTE4 is helpful in ongoing efforts to better endotype patients with CRS and to predict disease severity. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Aside from being a diagnostic biomarker, uLTE4 is also able to differentiate aspirin-tolerant patients from patients with AERD and has been associated with objective disease severity in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis. uLTE4 levels have also been shown to predict response to medical therapy, particularly leukotriene-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garret Choby
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher M Low
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joshua M Levy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Janalee K Stokken
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carlos Pinheiro-Neto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kathy Bartemes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael Marino
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Joseph K Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Rohit Divekar
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Erin K O'Brien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Devyani Lal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
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Baumann R, Untersmayr E, Zissler UM, Eyerich S, Adcock IM, Brockow K, Biedermann T, Ollert M, Chaker AM, Pfaar O, Garn H, Thwaites RS, Togias A, Kowalski ML, Hansel TT, Jakwerth CA, Schmidt‐Weber CB. Noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques for the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases. Allergy 2021; 76:1010-1023. [PMID: 33128851 DOI: 10.1111/all.14645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases of the (upper and lower) airways, the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, are on the rise, resulting in impaired quality of life, decreased productivity, and increased healthcare costs. As allergic diseases are mostly tissue-specific, local sampling methods for respective biomarkers offer the potential for increased sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, local sampling using noninvasive or minimally invasive methods can be cost-effective and well tolerated, which may even be suitable for primary or home care sampling. Non- or minimally invasive local sampling and diagnostics may enable a more thorough endotyping, may help to avoid under- or overdiagnosis, and may provide the possibility to approach precision prevention, due to early diagnosis of these local diseases even before they get systemically manifested and detectable. At the same time, dried blood samples may help to facilitate minimal-invasive primary or home care sampling for classical systemic diagnostic approaches. This EAACI position paper contains a thorough review of the various technologies in allergy diagnosis available on the market, which analytes or biomarkers are employed, and which samples or matrices can be used. Based on this assessment, EAACI position is to drive these developments to efficiently identify allergy and possibly later also viral epidemics and take advantage of comprehensive knowledge to initiate preventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Baumann
- Medical Faculty Institute for Molecular Medicine Medical School Hamburg (MSH) – Medical University Hamburg Germany
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine Aachen Germany
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London UK
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein School of Medicine Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein School of Medicine Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis (ORCA) University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Adam M. Chaker
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology Allergy Section Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Marburg Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Holger Garn
- Biochemical Pharmacological Center (BPC) ‐ Molecular Diagnostics, Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics Philipps University of Marburg ‐ Medical Faculty Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC) Marburg Germany
| | - Ryan S. Thwaites
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London UK
| | - Alkis Togias
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Marek L. Kowalski
- Department of Immunology and Allergy Medical University of Lodz Lodz Poland
| | - Trevor T. Hansel
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust London UK
| | - Constanze A. Jakwerth
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt‐Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University and Helmholtz Zentrum München München Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL) and the Helmholtz I&I Initiative Munich Germany
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Silva T, Jeewandara C, Gomes L, Gangani C, Mahapatuna SD, Pathmanathan T, Wijewickrama A, Ogg GS, Malavige GN. Urinary leukotrienes and histamine in patients with varying severity of acute dengue. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245926. [PMID: 33544746 PMCID: PMC7864425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular leak is a hallmark of severe dengue, and high leukotriene levels have been observed in dengue mouse models, suggesting a role in disease pathogenesis. We sought to explore their role in acute dengue, by assessing levels of urinary LTE4 and urinary histamine in patients with varying severity of acute dengue. Methods Urinary LTE4, histamine and creatinine were measured by a quantitative ELISA, in healthy individuals (n = 19), patients with dengue fever (DF = 72) and dengue haemorrhagic fever DHF (n = 48). The kinetics of LTE4 and histamine and diurnal variations were assessed in a subset of patients. Results Urinary LTE4 levels were significantly higher (p = 0.004) in patients who proceed to develop DHF when compared to patients with DF during early illness (≤ 4 days) and during the critical phase (p = 0.02), which continued to rise in patients who developed DHF during the course of illness. However, LTE4 is unlikely to be a good biomarker as ROCs gave an AUC value of 0.67 (95% CI 0.57 and 0.76), which was nevertheless significant (p = 0.002). Urinary LTE4 levels did not associate with the degree of viraemia, infecting virus serotype and was not different in those with primary vs secondary dengue. Urinary histamine levels were significantly high in patients with acute dengue although no difference was observed between patients with DF and DHF and again did not associate with the viraemia. Interestingly, LTE4, histamine and the viral loads showed a marked diurnal variation in both patients with DF and DHF. Conclusions Our data suggest that LTE4 could play a role in disease pathogenesis and since there are safe and effective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor blockers, it would be important to assess their efficacy in reducing dengue disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehani Silva
- Centre for Dengue Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
- General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Rathmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Chandima Jeewandara
- Centre for Dengue Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Laksiri Gomes
- Centre for Dengue Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Chathurika Gangani
- Centre for Dengue Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | | - Graham S. Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
- Centre for Dengue Research, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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12
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Choby G, O'Brien EK, Smith A, Barnes J, Hagan J, Stokken JK, Strumpf A, Mattos JL, Payne SC, Divekar R. Elevated Urine Leukotriene E4 Is Associated With Worse Objective Markers in Nasal Polyposis Patients. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:961-966. [PMID: 33001452 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Urine leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a biomarker of leukotriene synthesis and is elevated in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). It can also be useful to help delineate aspirin-tolerant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients from AERD patients. The purpose of this study is to determine if uLTE4 biomarker levels are associated with objective and subjective markers of disease severity in patients with CRSwNP. METHODS A retrospective analysis of CRSwNP patients who underwent uLTE4 testing was completed to determine the association of uLTE4 levels to markers of disease severity. uLTE4 levels, as well as presenting subjective (Sinonasal Outcome Test 22 [SNOT22] scores, asthma control test [ACT] scores) and objective data (Lund-Mackay CT score, spirometry and lab values) were collected. RESULTS Among the 157 CRSwNP patients who met inclusion criteria, uLTE4 levels were associated with history of asthma (P < .001), aspirin sensitivity (P < .001), worse Lund-Mackay CT scores (P = .002) and other objective markers of disease severity including serum IgE (P = .05), presenting blood eosinophil level (P < .001), and the highest recorded eosinophil level (P < .001). In subgroup analysis, associations of uLTE4 to disease markers had stronger correlations in the aspirin sensitive CRSwNP group (R range 0.31-0.52) than the aspirin tolerant CRSwNP group (R range -0.30-0.24). uLTE4 levels were not associated with subjective symptom scores (SNOT22 and ACT scores). CONCLUSION Elevated uLTE4 biomarker levels are associated with worsened objective markers of disease severity in CRSwNP patients but not patient-reported symptom measures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:961-966, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garret Choby
- Division of Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Erin K O'Brien
- Division of Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Alyssa Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Jason Barnes
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - John Hagan
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Janalee K Stokken
- Division of Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Andrew Strumpf
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Jose L Mattos
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Spencer C Payne
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Rohit Divekar
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A
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13
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Thorwarth RM, Scott DW, Lal D, Marino MJ. Machine learning of biomarkers and clinical observation to predict eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis: a pilot study. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2020; 11:8-15. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.22632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Devyani Lal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ
- Alix School of Medicine Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ
| | - Michael J. Marino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ
- Alix School of Medicine Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ
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14
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Tyrak KE, Pajdzik K, Konduracka E, Ćmiel A, Jakieła B, Celejewska‐Wójcik N, Trąd G, Kot A, Urbańska A, Zabiegło E, Kacorzyk R, Kupryś‐Lipińska I, Oleś K, Kuna P, Sanak M, Mastalerz L. Artificial neural network identifies nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) cohort. Allergy 2020; 75:1649-1658. [PMID: 32012310 PMCID: PMC7383769 DOI: 10.1111/all.14214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background To date, there has been no reliable in vitro test to either diagnose or differentiate nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)–exacerbated respiratory disease (N‐ERD). The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an artificial neural network (ANN) for the prediction of N‐ERD in patients with asthma. Methods This study used a prospective database of patients with N‐ERD (n = 121) and aspirin‐tolerant (n = 82) who underwent aspirin challenge from May 2014 to May 2018. Eighteen parameters, including clinical characteristics, inflammatory phenotypes based on sputum cells, as well as eicosanoid levels in induced sputum supernatant (ISS) and urine were extracted for the ANN. Results The validation sensitivity of ANN was 94.12% (80.32%‐99.28%), specificity was 73.08% (52.21%‐88.43%), and accuracy was 85.00% (77.43%‐92.90%) for the prediction of N‐ERD. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.83 (0.71‐0.90). Conclusions The designed ANN model seems to have powerful prediction capabilities to provide diagnosis of N‐ERD. Although it cannot replace the gold‐standard aspirin challenge test, the implementation of the ANN might provide an added value for identification of patients with N‐ERD. External validation in a large cohort is needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ewa Tyrak
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Kinga Pajdzik
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Ewa Konduracka
- Coronary and Heart Failure Department Jagiellonian University School of MedicineJohn Paul II Hospital Cracow Poland
| | - Adam Ćmiel
- Department of Applied Mathematics AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland
| | - Bogdan Jakieła
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | | | - Gabriela Trąd
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Adrianna Kot
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Anna Urbańska
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Ewa Zabiegło
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Radosław Kacorzyk
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Oleś
- Department of Oncological and Reconstructive Surgery The Maria Sklodowska‐Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology Gliwice Poland
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy Medical University of Łódź Łódź Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Lucyna Mastalerz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
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15
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Abstract
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) classically presents with severe asthma, nasal polyposis, and respiratory exacerbations in response to cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 inhibition. Recent advances in our understanding of AERD have revealed multiple facets of immune dysregulation, including diminished prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) function and elevated levels of both cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) and innate cytokines such as interleukin 33 (IL-33). Inflammatory mediators in AERD heighten the recruitment and activation of innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2), mast cells, eosinophils, and platelet-adherent leukocytes. This contributes to a cyclical pattern of type 2 inflammation. Here, we highlight current understanding of the immunopathogenesis of AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wangberg
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Andrew A White
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, United States.
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the latest information on the appropriate identification, evaluation, and treatment of patients with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (NSAID-ERD), also known as aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). Within the framework of our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of NSAID-ERD, we also provide an update regarding new surgical techniques and newly available or upcoming medical therapies that may benefit these patients. RECENT FINDINGS There have been considerable developments regarding recommendations for both the extent and timing of sinus surgery for NSAID-ERD. The last few years have also given us several new biologic medications that warrant consideration in the treatment of patients with recalcitrant NSAID-ERD. Further clinical trials are underway to investigate additional medications that may decrease the type 2 inflammation that dominates this disease. Despite the severe lower respiratory inflammation and recurrent nature of the nasal polyps in patients with NSAID-ERD, significant recent advances now afford much-improved quality of life for these patients. Careful collaboration between Allergy/Immunology and Rhinology specialists is imperative to ensure proper treatment of patients with NSAID-ERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya M Laidlaw
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Joshua M Levy
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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17
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Passali D, Bellussi LM, Damiani V, Tosca MA, Motta G, Ciprandi G. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: the role of personalized and integrated medicine. Acta Biomed 2020; 91:11-18. [PMID: 32073556 PMCID: PMC7947745 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i1-s.9243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a frequent disorder. From a clinical and an immunopathological point of view, different phenotypes and endotypes have been identified. The frequent comorbidity with asthma allowed to pave the way to the use of biological agents for the treatment of CRSwNP. Biological agents are targeted to antagonize IgE, interleukin (IL) 4, IL-5, and IL-13 at present. However, a correct and appropriate workup is mandatory, mainly concerning the exact definition of the specific pheno-endotype. The preliminary outcomes are promising, even though there is a need for well-established indications, criteria of responsiveness, duration, and safety. On the other hand, this personalized medicine could be fruitfully integrated with gold-standard medications, such as intranasal corticosteroids. As CRSwNP is a chronic disorder, treatment should be long-lasting, so complementary anti-inflammatory treatments could be opportunely integrated and/or alternated to steroids. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gaetano Motta
- ENT Department, University Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
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18
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19
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Abstract
The clinical phenotypes of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity are heterogeneous with various presentations including time of symptom onset, organ involvements, and underlying pathophysiology. Having a correct diagnosis can be challenging. Understanding their respective mechanisms as well as developing a comprehensive classification and diagnostic algorithm are pivotal for appropriate management strategy. Treatment modalities are based on the subtypes and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. Insights into the phenotypes and endotypes of hypersensitivity reactions enable personalized management in patients with suboptimal control of disease. This review updated the recent evidence of pathophysiology, classification, diagnostic algorithm, and management of NSAID hypersensitivity reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yin Winnie Yeung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hae Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea.
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20
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Nelson RK, Bush A, Stokes J, Nair P, Akuthota P. Eosinophilic Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019; 8:465-473. [PMID: 31786254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma endotypes are constantly evolving. Currently, there are no universally accepted criteria to define endotypes. The TH2-high endotype can have either allergic or nonallergic underpinnings and is typically characterized by some degree of eosinophilic airway inflammation. Unbiased clustering analyses have led to the identification of pediatric and adult phenotypes characterized by TH2 inflammation and associated endotypes with eosinophilic inflammation. Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease has also long been recognized as a unique asthma phenotype. An approach to identify these groups with biomarkers and subsequently choose a targeted therapeutic modality, particularly in severe disease requiring biologic agents, is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Nelson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Andrew Bush
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Stokes
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Mo
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
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21
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Santarelli GD, Lam KK, Han JK. Establishing Urinary Leukotriene E 4 as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Comorbid Asthma and Atopy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019; 161:764-769. [PMID: 31453737 DOI: 10.1177/0194599819871700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a validated biomarker for the cysteinyl leukotriene pathway, which is central to the pathophysiology of asthma, atopy, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the contributions of comorbid asthma and atopy to uLTE4 levels in various CRS subtypes have not been previously characterized. We sought to (1) identify reference values for uLTE4 in subjects with and without CRS and (2) determine how the presence of comorbid atopy and asthma affects uLTE4 levels in CRS. SETTING Tertiary referral medical center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A prospective case-control study was conducted to compare uLTE4 levels between patients with CRS and healthy controls. Urinary LTE4 levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay and were adjusted for urinary creatinine concentrations (pg/mg Cr). Patients with CRS were stratified by the clinical comorbidities to determine normative uLTE4 values for patients with CRS with and without comorbid asthma or atopy. RESULTS A total of 153 patients (mean age, 47.3; 47.1% female) were included in the study. Patients with CRS demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of uLTE4 than healthy controls (1652 vs 1065 pg/mg Cr, P = .032). Within the group of patients with CRS, comorbid asthma also individually correlated with elevated uLTE4 levels (1597 pg/mg Cr, P = .0098). Patients with CRS who did not have comorbid allergy and asthma, in contrast, did not have statistically higher uLTE4 levels than healthy controls (1142 pg/mg Cr, P = .61). CONCLUSION Urinary LTE4 serves as a noninvasive measure of the inflammatory state in CRS. Comorbid asthma and atopy contribute to elevated uLTE4 levels in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin D Santarelli
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Kent K Lam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Joseph K Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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22
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Abstract
The model of asthma as a single entity has now been replaced by a much more complex biological network of distinct and interrelating inflammatory pathways. The term asthma is now considered an umbrella diagnosis for several diseases with distinct mechanistic pathways (endotypes) and variable clinical presentations (phenotypes). The precise definition of these endotypes is central to asthma management due to inherent therapeutic and prognostic implications. This review presents the molecular mechanisms behind the heterogeneity of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients. Asthma endotypes may be broadly regarded as type 2 (T2) high or T2-low. Several biologic agents have been approved for T2-high asthma, with numerous other therapeutics that are incipient and similarly targeted at specific molecular mechanisms. Collectively, these advances have shifted existing paradigms in the approach to asthma to tailor novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merin E Kuruvilla
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St, NE Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 2015 Uppergate Dr. NE, Suite 326, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - F Eun-Hyung Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St, NE Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA.,Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA
| | - Gerald B Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St, NE Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 2015 Uppergate Dr. NE, Suite 326, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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23
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Jo-Watanabe A, Okuno T, Yokomizo T. The Role of Leukotrienes as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143580. [PMID: 31336653 PMCID: PMC6679143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators that play pivotal roles in acute and chronic inflammation and allergic diseases. They exert their biological effects by binding to specific G-protein-coupled receptors. Each LT receptor subtype exhibits unique functions and expression patterns. LTs play roles in various allergic diseases, including asthma (neutrophilic asthma and aspirin-sensitive asthma), allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and anaphylaxis. This review summarizes the biology of LTs and their receptors, recent developments in the area of anti-LT strategies (in settings such as ongoing clinical studies), and prospects for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Jo-Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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24
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Mastalerz L, Tyrak KE, Ignacak M, Konduracka E, Mejza F, Ćmiel A, Buczek M, Kot A, Oleś K, Sanak M. Prostaglandin E 2 decrease in induced sputum of hypersensitive asthmatics during oral challenge with aspirin. Allergy 2019; 74:922-932. [PMID: 30446997 DOI: 10.1111/all.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A special regulatory role for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) has been postulated in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD). OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of systemic aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) administration on airway PGE2 biosynthesis in induced sputum supernatant (ISS) among subjects with NERD or aspirin-tolerant asthma with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (ATA-CRSwNP), as well as healthy controls (HC). METHODS Induced sputum (IS) was collected from patients with NERD (n = 26), ATA-CRSwNP (n = 17), and HC (n = 21) at baseline and after aspirin challenge. Sputum differential cell count and IS supernatant (ISS) levels of prostanoids, PGE2 , 8-iso-PGE2 , tetranor-PGE-M, 8-iso-PGF2 α, and leukotriene C4 , D4 , and E4 , were determined using mass spectrometry. Urinary excretion of LTE4 was measured by ELISA. RESULTS NERD subjects had elevated sputum eosinophilic count as compared to ATA-CRSwNP and HC (median NERD 9.1%, ATA-CRSwNP 2.1%, and HC 0.4%; P < 0.01). Baseline ISS levels of PGE2 were higher in asthmatics as compared to HC at baseline (NERD vs HC P = 0.04, ATA-CRSwNP vs HC P < 0.05). Post-challenge ISS levels of PGE2 compared to baseline significantly decreased in NERD and HC (P < 0.01 and P = 0.01), but not in ATA-CRSwNP. In NERD, a similar decrease in PGE2 as in HC resulted from 2.8 times lower dose of aspirin. CONCLUSION Aspirin-precipitated bronchoconstriction is associated with a decrease in airway PGE2 biosynthesis. These results support the mechanism of PGE2 biosynthesis inhibition as a trigger for bronchoconstriction in NERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Mastalerz
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
| | - Katarzyna E. Tyrak
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
| | - Maria Ignacak
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
| | - Ewa Konduracka
- Coronary and Heart Failure Department Jagiellonian University School of Medicine John Paul II Hospital Cracow Poland
| | - Filip Mejza
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
| | - Adam Ćmiel
- Department of Applied Mathematics AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland
| | - Michał Buczek
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
| | - Adrianna Kot
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
| | - Krzysztof Oleś
- Department of Oncological and Reconstructive Surgery The Maria Sklodowska‐Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch Gliwice Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Internal Medicine Jagiellonian University School of Medicine Cracow Poland
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our scope is the presentation of research and clinical progresses in relation to precision medicine that are expected to alter our clinical practice in relation to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Current knowledge on phenotypes and endotypes, biomarkers, and clinical markers for diagnosis, medical and surgical therapy, and prognosis is presented as well as the role of precision medicine in United Airway Disease and SCUAD (severe-uncontrolled chronic upper airway inflammation). RECENT FINDINGS Current technological progresses, mostly in relation to molecular biology and information technology, have permitted more detailed pathophysiological assessments and multidimensional approaches in airways diseases. Based on the concept of united airways diseases, new classification schemes, called endotypes, have been proposed for CRS. In addition, novel biological treatments that have been introduced for the treatment of asthma show great promise as well for severe uncontrolled cases of CRS with nasal polyps. Central to this approach are new biomarkers that are being examined in relation to complex bio-clinical traits of CRS. As this narrative review of the aforementioned precision medicine initiatives in relation to CRS advances, a modification of current practice is expected not only for severe chronic upper airways diseases in tertiary centers but also for milder and more common cases that are being encountered in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vlastos
- ENT Private Practice, 29 Voreiou Ipeirou str, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Gkouskou
- Embiodiagnostics Biology Research Company, Melissinon and Damvergidon str, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Doulaptsi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Crete, A Building 3rd Floor, University avenue, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexander Karatzanis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanuel P Prokopakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Crete, A Building 3rd Floor, University avenue, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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26
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Rusznak M, Peebles RS. Prostaglandin E2 in NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease: protection against cysteinyl leukotrienes and group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 19:38-45. [PMID: 30516547 PMCID: PMC6296891 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to describe the recent advances that have been made in understanding the protective role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), known in Europe as NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD). RECENT FINDINGS Decreased PGE2 signaling through the EP2 receptor in patients with AERD leads to an increase in leukotriene synthesis and signaling. Leukotriene signaling not only directly activates group 2 innate lymphoid cells and mast cells, but it also increases production of IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. These cytokines drive Th2 inflammation in a suspected feed-forward mechanism in patients with AERD. SUMMARY Recent discoveries concerning the role of PGE2 in leukotriene synthesis and signaling in AERD, as well as downstream effects on group 2 innate lymphoid cells and mast cells, allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. These discoveries also identify new paths of potential investigation and possible therapeutic targets for AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Rusznak
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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27
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Jerschow E, Edin ML, Chi Y, Hurst B, Abuzeid WM, Akbar NA, Gibber M, Fried MP, Han W, Pelletier T, Ren Z, Keskin T, Roizen G, Lih FB, Gruzdev A, Bradbury JA, Schuster V, Spivack S, Rosenstreich D, Zeldin DC. Sinus Surgery Is Associated with a Decrease in Aspirin-Induced Reaction Severity in Patients with Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 7:1580-1588. [PMID: 30580047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal polyps influence the burden of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) by contributing to eicosanoid production. AERD is diagnosed through graded aspirin challenges. It is not known how sinus surgery affects aspirin challenge outcomes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on aspirin-induced reaction severity and on the levels of eicosanoids associated with these reactions. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with AERD were challenged with aspirin before and 3 to 4 weeks after ESS. Respiratory parameters and plasma and urine levels of eicosanoids were compared before and after challenges. RESULTS Before ESS, AERD diagnosis was confirmed in all study patients by aspirin challenges that resulted in hypersensitivity reactions. After ESS, reactions to aspirin were less severe in all patients and 12 of 28 patients (43%, P < .001) had no detectable reaction. A lack of clinical reaction to aspirin was associated with lower peripheral blood eosinophilia (0.1 K/μL [interquartile range (IQR) 0.1-0.3] vs 0.4 K/μL [IQR 0.2-0.8]; P = .006), lower urinary leukotriene E4 levels after aspirin challenge (98 pg/mg creatinine [IQR 61-239] vs 459 pg/mg creatinine [IQR 141-1344]; P = .02), and lower plasma prostaglandin D2 to prostaglandin E2 ratio (0 [±0] vs 0.43 [±0.2]; P = .03), compared with those who reacted. CONCLUSIONS Sinus surgery results in decreased aspirin sensitivity and a decrease in several plasma and urine eicosanoid levels in patients with AERD. Diagnostic aspirin challenges should be offered to patients with suspected AERD before ESS to increase diagnostic accuracy. Patients with established AERD could undergo aspirin desensitizations after ESS as the severity of their aspirin-induced hypersensitivity reactions lessens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Jerschow
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
| | - Matthew L Edin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle, NC
| | - Yuling Chi
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Waleed M Abuzeid
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Nadeem A Akbar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Marc Gibber
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Marvin P Fried
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Weiguo Han
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Zhen Ren
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - Taha Keskin
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Gigia Roizen
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Fred B Lih
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle, NC
| | - Artiom Gruzdev
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle, NC
| | - J Alyce Bradbury
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle, NC
| | - Victor Schuster
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Simon Spivack
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - David Rosenstreich
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle, NC
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Mousailidis GΚ, Lachanas VA, Vasdeki A, Alexopoulos EI, Kaditis AG, Petinaki E, Balatsos NAA, Bizakis JG, Skoulakis CE. Urine concentrations changes of cysteinyl leukotrienes in non-obese children with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 115:149-152. [PMID: 30368376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of the study was to compare preoperative to postoperative levels of urine-Cysteinyl leukotrienes (uCysLT) in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy (AT) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in order to investigate whether exaggerated leukotriene activity is the cause or consequence of OSA. METHODS AND MATERIALS A prospective study was conducted on non-obese children (4-10 years old) referred for overnight PSG. Children with moderate/severe OSA treated with AT were included. A second PSG study performed 2 months postoperatively to confirm OSA resolution, and those with residual OSA were excluded. Morning urine specimens after both PSG studies were obtained and pre-operative uCysLT levels were compared to postoperative levels. RESULTS 27 children fulfilled the criteria and underwent a post-operative PSG study with three exclusions for residual OSA (postop-AHI>2), so the study group consisted of 24 children (mean age: 5.7 ± 2.1 years). Mean preoperative and postoperative AHI was 10.96 ± 5.93 and 1.44 ± 0.56 respectively. Mean preop-uCysLT were 21.14 ± 4.65, while after AT they significantly reduced to 12.62 ± 2.67 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION uCysLT levels are significantly reduced after AT in non-obese children with moderate/severe OSA, suggesting that exaggerated leukotriene activity is mainly a consequence of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Afroditi Vasdeki
- Department of Microbiology, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios G Kaditis
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine and Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymia Petinaki
- Department of Microbiology, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece
| | | | - John G Bizakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece
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Eguiluz-Gracia I, Tay TR, Hew M, Escribese MM, Barber D, O'Hehir RE, Torres MJ. Recent developments and highlights in biomarkers in allergic diseases and asthma. Allergy 2018; 73:2290-2305. [PMID: 30289997 DOI: 10.1111/all.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The potential of precision medicine in allergy and asthma has only started to be explored. A significant clarification in the pathophysiology of rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, food allergy and drug hypersensitivity was made in the last decade. This improved understanding led to a better classification of the distinct phenotypes and to the discovery of new drugs such as biologicals, targeting phenotype-specific mechanisms. Nevertheless, many conditions remain poorly understood such as non-eosinophilic airway diseases or non-IgE-mediated food allergy. Moreover, there is a need to predict the response to specific therapies and the outcome of drug and food provocations. The identification of patients at risk of progression towards severity is also an unmet need in order to establish adequate preventive or therapeutic measures. The implementation of precision medicine in the clinical practice requires the identification of phenotype-specific markers measurable in biological matrices. To become useful, these biomarkers need to be quantifiable by reliable systems, and in samples obtained in an easy, rapid and cost-efficient way. In the last years, significant research resources have been put in the identification of valid biomarkers for asthma and allergic diseases. This review summarizes these recent advances with focus on the biomarkers with higher clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia
- Unidad de Alergia; IBIMA-Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga-UMA; ARADyAL; Malaga Spain
| | - Tunn Ren Tay
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Changi General Hospital; Singapore Singapore
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Maria M. Escribese
- Facultad de Medicina; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA); Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid Spain
| | - Domingo Barber
- Facultad de Medicina; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA); Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid Spain
| | - Robyn E. O'Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service; The Alfred Hospital; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Immunology & Respiratory Medicine; Central Clinical School; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Maria J. Torres
- Unidad de Alergia; IBIMA-Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga-UMA; ARADyAL; Malaga Spain
- Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology - BIONAND; Malaga Spain
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30
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Comhair SAA, Bochenek G, Baicker-McKee S, Wang Z, Stachura T, Sanak M, Hammel JP, Hazen SL, Erzurum SC, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E. The utility of biomarkers in diagnosis of aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease. Respir Res 2018; 19:210. [PMID: 30376852 PMCID: PMC6208044 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a distinct eosinophilic phenotype of severe asthma with accompanying chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, and hypersensitivity to aspirin. Urinary 3-bromotyrosine (uBrTyr) is a noninvasive marker of eosinophil-catalyzed protein oxidation. The lack of in vitro diagnostic test makes the diagnosis of AERD difficult. We aimed to determine uBrTyr levels in patients with AERD (n = 240) and aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) (n = 226) and to assess whether its addition to urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) levels and blood eosinophilia can improve the prediction of AERD diagnosis. Methods Clinical data, spirometry and blood eosinophilis were evaluated. UBrTyr and uLTE4 levels were measured in urine by HPLC and ELISA, respectively. Results Both groups of asthmatics (AERD, n = 240; ATA, n = 226) had significantly higher uBrTyr, uLTE4 levels, and blood eosinophils than healthy controls (HC) (n = 71) (p < 0.05). ULTE4 levels and blood eosinophils were significantly higher in AERD as compared to ATA (p = 0.004, p < 0.0001, respectively). whereas uBrTyr levels were not significantly different between both asthma phenotypes (p = 0.34). Asthmatics with high levels of uBrTyr (> 0.101 ng/mg Cr), uLTE4 levels (> 800 pg/mg Cr) and blood eosinophils (> 300 cells/ul) were 7 times more likely to have AERD.. However, uBrTyr did not increase the benefit for predicting AERD when uLTE4 and blood eosinophils were already taken into account (p = 0.57). Conclusion UBrTyr levels are elevated both in AERD and ATA as compared to HC, but they could not differentiate between these asthma phenotypes suggesting a similar eosinophilic activation. The addition of uBrTyr to elevated uLTE4 levels and blood eosinophils did not statistically enhance the prediction of AERD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy A A Comhair
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NB2-40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Grazyna Bochenek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sara Baicker-McKee
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NB2-40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NB2-40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Tomasz Stachura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jeffrey P Hammel
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NB2-40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NB2-40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NB2-40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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31
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Hoffman BC, Rabinovitch N. Urinary Leukotriene E 4 as a Biomarker of Exposure, Susceptibility, and Risk in Asthma: An Update. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2018; 38:599-610. [PMID: 30342582 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a sensitive and noninvasive method of assaying total body cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) production and changes in CysLT production. Recent studies have reported on novel LTE4 receptor interactions and genetic polymorphisms causing CysLT variability. The applications of uLTE4 as a biomarker continue to expand, including evaluation of environmental exposures, asthma severity risk, aspirin sensitivity, predicting atopy in preschool age children, obstructive sleep apnea, and predicting susceptibility to leukotriene receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A White
- From the Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA
| | - Donald D Stevenson
- From the Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA
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Papaioannou AI, Diamant Z, Bakakos P, Loukides S. Towards precision medicine in severe asthma: Treatment algorithms based on treatable traits. Respir Med 2018; 142:15-22. [PMID: 30170796 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common disease, and although its clinical manifestations may be similar among patients, recent research discoveries have shown that it consists of several distinct clinical clusters or phenotypes, each with different underlying molecular pathways yielding different treatment responses. Based on these observations, an alternative approach - known as 'precision medicine' - has been proposed for the management of patients with severe asthma. Precision medicine advocates identification of treatable traits, linking them to therapeutic approaches targeting genetic, immunological, environmental, and/or lifestyle factors in individual patients. The main "goal" of this personalised approach is to enable choosing a treatment which will be more likely to produce a beneficial response in the individual patient rather than a 'one size fits all' approach. The aim of the present review is to discuss different ways of phenotyping asthma and to provide a rationale for treatment algorithms based on principles of precision medicine.
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Biyani S, Benson MJ, DeShields SC, Cunningham TD, Baldassari CM. Urinary Leukotriene E4 Levels in Children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 158:947-951. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599818760281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sneh Biyani
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - M. Jedorah Benson
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah C. DeShields
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Tina D. Cunningham
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Cristina M. Baldassari
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s Hospital of The King’s Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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35
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Khan DA. Precision Medicine in the Management of Drug Allergy. Curr Treat Options Allergy 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-018-0159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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36
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Abstract
There are several advances in diagnosis and management for the otolaryngologist treating allergy. These include new technologies and the refinement of current techniques, and reflect overall trends in health care toward personalized medicine. Local immunoglobulin, urinary leukotriene E4, lipidomics, microRNA within extracellular vesicles, and optical rhinometry all offer to improve the diagnostic accuracy of allergy and related nonallergic conditions. New delivery systems for intranasal steroids and antihistamines, recombinant allergens, advances in allergen immunotherapy delivery, and biologics will improve current management options. These developments will aid the otolaryngologist in diagnosing and treating allergy and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Marino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 5.036, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amber U Luong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 5.036, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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37
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Bochenek G, Stachura T, Szafraniec K, Plutecka H, Sanak M, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Sladek K. Diagnostic Accuracy of Urinary LTE4 Measurement to Predict Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease in Patients with Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2017; 6:528-535. [PMID: 28888846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) are distinguished from patients with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) by significantly higher baseline concentrations of urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4). However, an overlap between the individual values of the groups exists. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to estimate the discriminative value of uLTE4 concentration in differentiating between patients with AERD and patients with ATA and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of uLTE4 measurement alone and added to clinical parameters to predict AERD diagnosis in patients with asthma. METHODS Clinical data were collected from questionnaires. Spirometry, skin prick tests, total IgE, and blood eosinophilia were evaluated. ULTE4 concentrations were measured in morning urine samples by enzyme-linked immune assay (ELISA). RESULTS Patients with AERD (n = 247) had significantly higher uLTE4 concentrations than those with ATA (n = 239). The uLTE4 concentration of 800.0 pg/mg creatinine as measured by ELISA on a spot sample best discriminated the 2 groups (area under the curve 0.7; 95% confidence interval 0.66-0.74, sensitivity 49%, specificity 81%). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV), after considering the prevalence of AERD in the population of asthmatics, were 16% and 96%, respectively. Nasal polyps, upper airway symptoms, nasal corticosteroid treatment, asthma exacerbations, forced expiratory volume in the 1 second predicted, and age of asthma onset were independent predictors of AERD diagnosis. The addition of elevated uLTE4 concentration to the set of clinical parameters enhanced slightly the prediction of AERD diagnosis beyond the level predicted by clinical parameters (P = .036). CONCLUSIONS A set of typical clinical parameters has a superior accuracy in prediction of AERD diagnosis than the measurement of uLTE4 concentration alone. The addition of uLTE4 concentration to clinical parameters slightly enhances the prediction of AERD diagnosis, especially due to a high NPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Bochenek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Stachura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krystyna Szafraniec
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hanna Plutecka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sladek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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38
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Park H, Choi Y, Jung CG, Park HS. Potential Biomarkers for NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:8160148. [PMID: 28852271 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8160148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic disease with several variant phenotypes and endotypes. NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is one such endotype characterized by asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps, and hypersensitivity to aspirin/cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors. NERD is more associated with severe asthma than other asthma phenotypes. Regarding diagnosis, aspirin challenge tests via the oral or bronchial route are a standard diagnostic method; reliable in vitro diagnostic tests are not available. Recent studies have reported various biomarkers of phenotype, diagnosis, and prognosis. In this review, we summarized the known potential biomarkers of NERD that are distinct from those of aspirin-tolerant asthma. We also provided an overview of the different NERD subgroups.
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Hagan JB, Laidlaw TM, Divekar R, O'Brien EK, Kita H, Volcheck GW, Hagan CR, Lal D, Teaford HG, Erwin PJ, Zhang N, Rank MA. Urinary Leukotriene E4 to Determine Aspirin Intolerance in Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2017; 5:990-997.e1. [PMID: 28202405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary leukotriene E4 (ULTE4) may be a biomarker that distinguishes aspirin-intolerant asthma from other asthma subtypes. OBJECTIVE To estimate the diagnostic testing accuracy of ULTE4 as a marker of aspirin intolerance in patients with asthma using previously published studies. METHODS We identified relevant clinical studies from a systematic review of English and non-English articles using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL (inception to February 10, 2015). Articles were screened at the abstract and full-text level by 2 independent reviewers. We included previously published studies that analyzed ULTE4 in human subjects with asthma characterized as having or not having aspirin intolerance on the basis of a specified definition: convincing history of aspirin intolerance, positive aspirin challenge, or both as the criterion standard. Individual-level data points from all included studies were obtained and analyzed. RESULTS The search strategy identified 867 potential articles, of which 86 were reviewed at the full-text level and 10 met criteria for inclusion. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values of ULTE4 to determine aspirin intolerance in subjects with asthma were 0.55, 0.82, 0.75, and 0.66 (Amersham-enzyme immunoassay); 0.76, 0.77, 0.70, and 0.78 (Cayman-enzyme immunoassay); 0.70, 0.81, 0.86, and 0.79 (mass spectrometry); and 0.81,0.79, 0.65, and 0.88 (radioimmunoassay) at optimal thresholds of 192, 510, 167 to 173, and 66 to 69 pg/mg Cr, respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio for each methodology was 6.0, 11.9, 10.5, and 19.1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS ULTE4 is a marker for aspirin-intolerant asthma and could potentially be used as a clinical test to identify the risk of aspirin intolerance in subjects with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Hagan
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Rohit Divekar
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Erin K O'Brien
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Hirohito Kita
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | | | | | - Devyani Lal
- Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Harry G Teaford
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | | | - Nan Zhang
- Research Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Matthew A Rank
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
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40
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Schatz M, Sicherer SH, Zeiger RS. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice - 2016 Year in Review. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2017; 5:218-236. [PMID: 28143692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
As editors, we concluded that it would be helpful to our readers to write a Year in Review article that highlights the Review, Original, and Clinical Communication articles published in 2016 in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. We summarized articles on the topics of asthma, rhinitis/rhinosinusitis, food allergy, anaphylaxis, drug allergy, urticarial/angioedema, eosinophilic disorders, and immunodeficiency. Within each topic, epidemiologic findings are presented, relevant aspects of prevention are described, and diagnostic and therapeutic advances are enumerated. Diagnostic tools described include history, skin tests, and in vitro tests. Treatments discussed include behavioral therapy, allergen avoidance therapy, positive and negative effects of pharmacologic therapy, and various forms of immunologic and desensitization management. We hope this review will help you, our readers, consolidate and use this extensive and practical knowledge for the benefit of your patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schatz
- Department of Allergy, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, Calif.
| | - Scott H Sicherer
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Department of Allergy, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, Calif
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41
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Abstract
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a late onset condition characterized by the Samter triad (aspirin sensitivity [as well as sensitivity to any nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitor], nasal polyps, asthma) and additional features, including eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis, hypereosinophilia, anosmia, frequent absence of atopy, and, intolerance to ingestion of red wine and other alcoholic beverages. The diagnosis is rare, and, because of this, it is also often missed by physicians. However, it is highly overexpressed in patients with severe asthma (and severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps), which makes its recognition essential. For this review, we considered mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this disease and discussed the clinical symptoms of AERD. We also discussed the role of aspirin desensitization in the treatment of AERD. Also, we considered medications (e.g, leukotriene modifiers) and surgical interventions that have a role in the treatment of AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L. Kennedy
- From the Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | - Larry Borish
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Microbiology, and
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia Health Systems, Charlottesville, Virginia
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42
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Dennis SK, Lam K, Luong A. A Review of Classification Schemes for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis Endotypes. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2016; 1:130-134. [PMID: 27917403 PMCID: PMC5113313 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The recent development of endotypes to categorize disease variants of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) reflects an evolving understanding of the various pathophysiologic and pathogenetic mechanisms that contribute to the clinical heterogeneity of CRS manifestations. This review highlights popular endotype‐based criteria used to define different CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) subtypes and further discusses the emerging therapeutic advances for each classificatory approach. Data Sources PubMed literature review. Methods A review of the current literature was conducted to determine present‐day uses of immunologic and molecular profiles in the CRSwNP disease spectrum to identify specific endotypes. Results Four distinct but overlapping classification schemes have emerged to define endotypes within the CRSwNP phenotype: 1) type 2 cytokine‐based approach, 2) eosinophil‐based approach, 3) immunoglobulin (Ig)E‐based approach, and 4) cysteinyl based approach. The identification of key inflammatory biomarkers related to these CRSwNP endotypes has broadened the classification of CRS beyond common phenotypic expressions. Furthermore, CRSwNP endotypes may improve the selection of CRSwNP patients who are suitable candidates for biomarker‐specific treatment options, such as anti‐interleukin‐5; anti‐IgE; and platelet‐directed therapies. Conclusion Chronic rhinosinusitis endotyping with key biomarker patterns of inflammation allows for improved diagnostic and potentially therapeutic classifications of CRSwNP variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Dennis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas McGovern Medical School Houston Texas U.S.A
| | - Kent Lam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas McGovern Medical School Houston Texas U.S.A
| | - Amber Luong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas McGovern Medical School Houston Texas U.S.A
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