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Shen CH, Chen CB, Chiang MH, Kuo CN, Chung WH, Lin YK, Chiu CY. Vitamin D level is inversely related to allergen sensitization for risking atopic dermatitis in early childhood. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100890. [PMID: 38585333 PMCID: PMC10998224 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are few studies concerning the impact of serum vitamin D status on the risk of allergen sensitization and atopic dermatitis (AD) during early childhood. Method Children with AD and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were prospectively enrolled at age 0.5, 2, and 4 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was measured using Elecsys Vitamin D Total assay. The study utilized the ImmunoCAP assay to analyze specific IgE for food and inhalant allergens, along with total serum IgE levels. It explored the connection between vitamin D levels and allergen sensitization, as well as their influence on AD at different ages. Results A total of 222 children including 95 (59 AD and 36 HC), 66 (37 AD and 29 HC), and 61 (32 AD and 29 HC) children were classified at age 0.5, 2, and 4 years, respectively. In children with AD, there was a significantly lower vitamin D level at age 2 and 4, but a significantly higher prevalence of food and mite sensitization at all ages in comparison with HC (P < 0.001). Vitamin D level was found to be inversely related to the prevalence of allergen sensitization at age 4 (P < 0.05). However, vitamin D level appeared to have high importance for allergen sensitization at all ages and AD at age 2 and 4 years. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with heightened prevalence of allergen sensitization, potentially increasing the susceptibility to AD in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsuan Shen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ni Kuo
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ku Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Ramirez LG, Lee-Sarwar K, Kelly RS, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA. Association of Prenatal Maternal and Infant Vitamin D Supplementation with Offspring Asthma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2024; 21:279-286. [PMID: 38054759 PMCID: PMC10848906 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202306-504oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The role and timing of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of asthma has not been fully elucidated. Objective: To describe the association between prenatal and postnatal vitamin D with offspring asthma outcomes in participants of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial. Methods: We classified 748 mother-offspring pairs into four groups based on the mother's randomization to receive high-dose versus low-dose (4,400 IU vs. 400 IU) vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and the offspring parent-reported high-dose versus low-dose (⩾400 IU vs. <400 IU) vitamin D supplementation as estimated by intake of vitamin D drops or infant formula. We used logistic regression to test the association of the four vitamin D exposure groups-"mother-low/infant-low (reference)," "mother-high/infant-high," "mother-high/infant-low," and "mother-low/infant-high"-with offspring asthma and/or recurrent wheeze at age 3 years, active asthma at age 6 years, and atopic asthma at age 6 years. Results: The risk of asthma and/or recurrent wheeze at 3 years was lowest in the mother-high/infant-low group (adjusted odds ratio vs. mother-low/infant-low, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.88, P = 0.03). When stratifying by history of exclusive breastfeeding until age 4 months, the protective effect in the mother-high/infant-low group was seen only among exclusively breastfed infants (odds ratio vs. mother-low/infant-low, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.68; P = 0.02). We did not observe any significant associations with active or atopic asthma at age 6 years. Conclusions: We observe that high-dose prenatal and low-dose postnatal vitamin D supplementation may be associated with reduced offspring asthma or recurrent wheeze by age 3 years, but this association may be confounded by the protective effect of breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes G. Ramirez
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Kathleen Lee-Sarwar
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | | | | | - Augusto A. Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children’s Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Suaini NHA, Van Bever H, Tham EH. Growing Up in Singapore with allergies - Lessons learnt from the GUSTO & S-PRESTO cohorts. Allergol Int 2024; 73:13-19. [PMID: 37805278 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare systems across the world face major challenges due to allergic diseases, known to affect people of all ages. In Singapore, two prominent cohort studies, Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) and the Singapore PREconception Study of long-Term maternal and child Outcomes (S-PRESTO), have made notable advancements to our knowledge and understanding of allergic diseases. These cohorts, which comprised of healthy mother-infant dyads recruited from the healthy Singapore population, have shed light on the complex connections between factors influencing health in early life, preconception and pregnancy, on the pathogenesis of allergic disorders in offspring. GUSTO highlighted significant risk factors in antenatal and early life, such as maternal diet, health and lifestyle choices, as well as infant environmental influences, that contributed to the risk of allergic diseases in the Asian Singaporean population. It also identified differential patterns of allergic disease in comparison to other populations, particularly the role of the microbiome in predicting atopic outcomes. Meanwhile, S-PRESTO further explores the long-term maternal and child outcomes associated with preconception health. Findings seem to suggest that prevention of offspring allergic conditions can be achieved through optimizing maternal health and lifestyle choices before conception. Both studies underscore the significance of early life interventions, preconception health, and personalized approaches to effectively manage and prevent allergies. By leveraging the insights and promising findings from GUSTO and S-PRESTO, future work can drive development of preventative strategies and personalized interventions to reduce burden of allergic diseases in the Singapore population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor H A Suaini
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Hugo Van Bever
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore; Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore; Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore; Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.
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Shimizu M, Kato T, Adachi Y, Wada T, Murakami S, Ito Y, Itazawa T, Adachi YS, Tsuchida A, Matsumura K, Hamazaki K, Inadera H. Maternal Dietary Vitamin D Intake during Pregnancy Is Associated with Allergic Disease Symptoms in Children at 3 Years Old: The Japan Environment and Children's Study. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:1106-1115. [PMID: 37607492 DOI: 10.1159/000531970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system, and postnatal vitamin D insufficiency is one of the risk factors for the development of allergic disease. However, the effects of women's vitamin D intake during pregnancy on the prevalence of allergic disease in their children remain controversial. METHODS From the Japan Environment and Children's Study, an ongoing nationwide birth cohort study, we obtained information on maternal dietary vitamin D intake determined using a food frequency questionnaire and parent-reported allergic disease symptoms based on the ISAAC questionnaire in children at 3 years of age. RESULTS From the full dataset of 103,060 pregnancies, we analyzed complete data for 73,309 mother-child pairs. The prevalence of current wheeze, current rhinitis, current rhino-conjunctivitis, current eczema, ever asthma, ever pollinosis, and ever atopic dermatitis in the children was 17.2%, 29.7%, 3.8%, 15.2%, 9.6%, 3.7%, and 11.0%, respectively. The ORs for current rhinitis were significantly lower in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintiles than in the 1st quintile after adjustment for various covariates and showed a linear association. The ORs for ever pollinosis were significantly lower in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quintiles than in the 1st quintile, showing a U-shaped curve. There was no clear association between mothers' dietary vitamin D intake and symptoms of asthma or atopic dermatitis in their 3-year-old children. CONCLUSION Maternal dietary vitamin D intake during pregnancy is associated with the ORs for nasal allergies in children at the age of 3 years. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the appropriate intake dose of vitamin D for pregnant women to prevent the development of nasal allergies in their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneyuki Shimizu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan,
| | - Taisuke Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takuya Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shokei Murakami
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshiko Itazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoko S Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenta Matsumura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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He X, Zhang S, Wu J, Fu Q, Zhang Q, Peng W. The global/local (limited to some regions) effect of cesarean delivery on the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1228737. [PMID: 37601128 PMCID: PMC10435734 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1228737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis is a chronic and refractory disease that can be affected by a variety of factors. Studies have shown an association between cesarean section and the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis. Methods The PubMed, Springer, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to retrieve all studies published from January 2000 to November 2022, focusing on the relationship between cesarean section and the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis. A meta-analysis was conducted to find a correlation between cesarean section and the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis. A subgroup analysis was performed, considering the region and family history of allergy, after adjusting for confounding factors. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot, and heterogeneity between study-specific relative risks was taken into account. Results The results showed that cesarean section was significantly associated with an increased risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.20-1.35). Subgroup analysis stratified by region indicated that cesarean section increased the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis, with the highest increase in South America (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.10-2.52) and the lowest in Europe (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.25). The results of the subgroup analysis stratified by family history of allergy indicate that family history of allergy was not associated with the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis. Conclusion An association exists between cesarean section as the mode of delivery and the increased risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis, and cesarean section is a risk factor for allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shipeng Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinwei Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre (WHOCC), Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyu Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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6
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Ghaseminejad-Raeini A, Ghaderi A, Sharafi A, Nematollahi-Sani B, Moossavi M, Derakhshani A, Sarab GA. Immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D in various immune-related disorders: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:950465. [PMID: 37520529 PMCID: PMC10379649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.950465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, vitamin D has been acknowledged for its role in maintaining calcium and phosphate balance. However, in recent years, research has assessed its immunomodulatory role and come up with conflicting conclusions. Because the vitamin D receptor is expressed in a variety of immune cell types, study into the precise role of this molecule in diseases, notably autoimmune disorders, has been made possible. The physiologically activated version of vitamin D also promotes a tolerogenic immunological condition in addition to modulating innate and acquired immune cell responses. According to a number of recent studies, this important micronutrient plays a complex role in numerous biochemical pathways in the immune system and disorders that are associated with them. Research in this field is still relatively new, and some studies claim that patients with severe autoimmune illnesses frequently have vitamin D deficiencies or insufficiencies. This review seeks to clarify the most recent research on vitamin D's immune system-related roles, including the pathophysiology of major disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Ghaderi
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Sharafi
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Moossavi
- Nanobiology and Nanomedicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Gholamreza Anani Sarab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Peroni DG, Hufnagl K, Comberiati P, Roth-Walter F. Lack of iron, zinc, and vitamins as a contributor to the etiology of atopic diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1032481. [PMID: 36698466 PMCID: PMC9869175 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1032481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutritional deficiencies are common in atopic children suffering from atopic dermatitis, food allergy, rhinitis, and asthma. A lack of iron, in particular, may impact immune activation with prolonged deficiencies of iron, zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin D associated with a Th2 signature, maturation of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and the generation of IgE antibodies. In contrast, the sufficiency of these micronutrients establishes immune resilience, promotion of regulatory cells, and tolerance induction. As micronutritional deficiencies mimic an infection, the body's innate response is to limit access to these nutrients and also impede their dietary uptake. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the physiological function of iron, zinc, and vitamins A and D in relation to immune cells and the clinical consequences of deficiencies in these important nutrients, especially in the perinatal period. Improved dietary uptake of iron is achieved by vitamin C, vitamin A, and whey compounds, whereas zinc bioavailability improves through citrates and proteins. The addition of oil is essential for the dietary uptake of beta-carotene and vitamin D. As for vitamin D, the major source comes via sun exposure and only a small amount is consumed via diet, which should be factored into clinical nutritional studies. We summarize the prevalence of micronutritional deficiencies of iron, zinc, and vitamins in the pediatric population as well as nutritional intervention studies on atopic diseases with whole food, food components, and micronutrients. Dietary uptake via the lymphatic route seems promising and is associated with a lower atopy risk and symptom amelioration. This review provides useful information for clinical studies and concludes/emphasizes that a healthy, varied diet containing dairy products, fish, nuts, fruits, and vegetables as well as supplementing foods or supplementation with micronutrients as needed is essential to combat the atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G. Peroni
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Karin Hufnagl
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,*Correspondence: Franziska Roth-Walter, ;
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Alcantara Galvão A, de Andrade Belitardo EMM, de Araújo Sena F, Santos JM, de Oliveira Costa GN, Feitosa CA, Fiaccone RL, Cruz ÁA, Barreto ML, Figueiredo CA, Alcantara-Neves NM. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is associated with atopy, and sex may be an effect modifier of its association with asthma in teenagers from northeast Brazil. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:297-305. [PMID: 36263459 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sufficient vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]) serum levels are associated with decreased asthma symptoms. Our aim was to investigate associations between vitamin D and atopy, asthma, asthma severity, and asthma phenotypes in Brazilian teenagers. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 942 individuals (11-19 years old) engaged in an asthma cohort. The ISAAC questionnaire was employed to diagnosis asthma and asthma severity. Serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) was measured by ImmunoCap and serum 25(OH)D was measured by ELISA. We calculated the correlation between sIgE and 25(OH)D. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess associations of interest. RESULTS We found that 25(OH)D deficiency was positively associated with atopy (OR 1.45, confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.00) and high levels of this vitamin negatively correlated with sIgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (r = -0.11, p = 0.019). The average 25(OH)D serum level was 27.0 ± 9.5 ng/ml; 366 individuals (38.8%) had a sufficient level. There was no association between 25(OH)D and asthma, asthma severity or asthma phenotypes in the population. However, sex was a possible effect modifier of the association between vitamin D and asthma: insufficiency in asthmatic women (86%) was higher than in asthmatic men (42%), and there was an association between insufficient vitamin D levels and greater asthma risk only in women (OR = 3.06, 95% CI 1.16-8.07). CONCLUSION We have shown that vitamin D deficiency was associated with greater risk of atopy in both sexes and vitamin D insufficiency was associated with asthma only in women. There was no association between vitamin D levels and asthma phenotypes or asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flávia de Araújo Sena
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Santos
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline A Feitosa
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil.,Escola Baiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire L Fiaccone
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Álvaro A Cruz
- ProAR, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maurício L Barreto
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil.,Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos Para a Saúde (CIDACS), Fiocruz, Brazil
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
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Heo JS, Ahn YM, Kim ARE, Shin SM. Breastfeeding and vitamin D. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:418-429. [PMID: 34902960 PMCID: PMC9441616 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2021.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent re-emergence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and rickets among breastfed infants without adequate sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation has been reported worldwide. Breastfed infants are particularly vulnerable to VDD because of the low vitamin D content of breast milk, restricted sunlight exposure, increased pollution, and limited natural dietary sources of vitamin D. The prevalence of VDD in breastfed infants differs vastly between studies and nations at 0.6%-91.1%. The recommended intake of vitamin D for lactating mothers to optimize their overall vitamin D status and, consequently, of their breast milk is 200-2,000 IU/day, indicating a lack of consensus. Some studies have suggested that maternal high-dose vitamin D supplementation (up to 6,400 IU/day) can be used as an alternate strategy to direct infant supplementation. However, concern persists about the safety of maternal high-dose vitamin D supplementation. Direct infant supplementation is the currently available option to support vitamin D status in breastfed infants. The recommended dose for vitamin D supplementation in breastfed infants according to various societies and organizations worldwide is 200-1,200 IU/day. Most international guidelines recommend that exclusively or partially breastfed infants be supplemented with 400 IU/day of vitamin D during their first year of life. However, domestic studies on the status and guidelines for vitamin D in breastfed infants are insufficient. This review summarizes the prevalence of VDD in breastfed infants, vitamin D content of breast milk, and current guidelines for vitamin D supplementation of lactating mothers and infants to prevent VDD in breastfed infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Sun Heo
- Department of Pediatrics, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Jang's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ai-Rhan Ellen Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Son Moon Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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10
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Peng LY, Li BB, Deng KB, Wang WG. MicroRNA-214-3p facilitates M2 macrophage polarization by targeting GSK3B. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:347-356. [PMID: 35005835 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa. M2 macrophage polarization can reduce inflammation and repair tissue injury during AR development. Studies have substantiated the involvement of miRNAs in AR pathogenesis. Herein, the molecular mechanism of miR-214-3p in AR development was explored. To mimic the AR environment, ovalbumin (OVA) was used to treat macrophages. MiR-214-3p and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) expression in nasal mucus tissues and macrophages was assessed by RT-qPCR. The M2 phenotypic signature of CD206 in macrophages was assessed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of GSK3B and M2 macrophage markers (ARG-1 and IL-10) was evaluated by western blotting. The correlation between miR-214-3p and GSK3B was validated by a luciferase reporter assay. We found that miR-214-3p was overexpressed in macrophages and nasal mucus tissues from AR patients. MiR-214-3p facilitated M2 polarization of macrophages upon OVA stimulation. Mechanistically, miR-214-3p targeted the GSK3B 3' untranslated region in macrophages. In addition, GSK3B was downregulated in macrophages and nasal mucus tissues from AR patients. In rescue assays, GSK3B downregulation reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-214-3p silencing on M2 polarization of macrophages treated with OVA. Overall, miR-214-3p facilitates M2 macrophage polarization by targeting GSK3B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yan Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Bao Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke-Bin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Guang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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