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Chiu CY, Chiang MC, Chiang MH, Lien R, Fu RH, Hsu KH, Chu SM. Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Association of Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia with Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Response in Extremely Preterm Infants. Metabolites 2024; 14:219. [PMID: 38668347 PMCID: PMC11052141 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease mainly affecting premature infants needing ventilation or oxygen for respiratory distress. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular linkages for BPD in very and extremely preterm infants using a metabolomics-based approach. A case-control study of enrolling preterm infants born before 32 weeks gestational age (GA) was prospectively performed. These preterm infants were subsequently stratified into the following two groups for further analysis: no or mild BPD, and moderate or severe BPD based on the 2019 NICHD criteria. Urinary metabolomic profiling was performed using 1H-Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) at a corrected age of 6 months. Metabolites significantly differentially related to GA and BPD severity were performed between groups, and their roles in functional metabolic pathways were also assessed. A total of 89 preterm infants born before 32 weeks gestation and 50 infants born at term age (above 37 completed weeks' gestation) served as controls and were enrolled into the study. There were 21 and 24 urinary metabolites identified to be significantly associated with GA and BPD severity, respectively (p < 0.05). Among them, N-phenylacetylglycine, hippurate, acetylsalicylate, gluconate, and indoxyl sulfate were five metabolites that were significantly higher, with the highest importance in both infants with GA < 28 weeks and those with moderate to severe BPD, whereas betaine and N,N-dimethylglycine were significantly lower (p < 0.05). Furthermore, ribose and a gluconate related pentose phosphate pathway were strongly associated with these infants (p < 0.01). In conclusion, urinary metabolomic analysis highlights the crucial role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of BPD in preterm infants, accompanied by metabolites related to diminished antioxidative capacity, prompting an aggressive antioxidation response in extremely preterm infants with severe BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chou Chiang
- Division of Pediatric Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (R.L.); (R.-H.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Reyin Lien
- Division of Pediatric Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (R.L.); (R.-H.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Ren-Huei Fu
- Division of Pediatric Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (R.L.); (R.-H.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Kai-Hsiang Hsu
- Division of Pediatric Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (R.L.); (R.-H.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Shih-Ming Chu
- Division of Pediatric Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (M.-C.C.); (R.L.); (R.-H.F.); (K.-H.H.)
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Shen CH, Chen CB, Chiang MH, Kuo CN, Chung WH, Lin YK, Chiu CY. Vitamin D level is inversely related to allergen sensitization for risking atopic dermatitis in early childhood. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100890. [PMID: 38585333 PMCID: PMC10998224 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There are few studies concerning the impact of serum vitamin D status on the risk of allergen sensitization and atopic dermatitis (AD) during early childhood. Method Children with AD and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were prospectively enrolled at age 0.5, 2, and 4 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was measured using Elecsys Vitamin D Total assay. The study utilized the ImmunoCAP assay to analyze specific IgE for food and inhalant allergens, along with total serum IgE levels. It explored the connection between vitamin D levels and allergen sensitization, as well as their influence on AD at different ages. Results A total of 222 children including 95 (59 AD and 36 HC), 66 (37 AD and 29 HC), and 61 (32 AD and 29 HC) children were classified at age 0.5, 2, and 4 years, respectively. In children with AD, there was a significantly lower vitamin D level at age 2 and 4, but a significantly higher prevalence of food and mite sensitization at all ages in comparison with HC (P < 0.001). Vitamin D level was found to be inversely related to the prevalence of allergen sensitization at age 4 (P < 0.05). However, vitamin D level appeared to have high importance for allergen sensitization at all ages and AD at age 2 and 4 years. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with heightened prevalence of allergen sensitization, potentially increasing the susceptibility to AD in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsuan Shen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ni Kuo
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ku Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chiang YT, Chen SM, Tsui HM, Juang HH, Lin CW, Chiang MH, Liu CH, Hu SW, Kao WT, Chen KC, Tzou KY, Wu CC, Wu WL, Tsui KH. Ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with minimal x-ray exposure prevented genitourinary tract injury patients with urolithiasis in Taiwan. Sci Prog 2023; 106:368504231220988. [PMID: 38130182 PMCID: PMC10864817 DOI: 10.1177/00368504231220988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the use of ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to break stones in the genitourinary tract and prevent genitourinary injury. Our goals were to achieve accurate focusing and minimal X-ray exposure for the benefit of the patients. METHODS The LiteMed LM-9200 lithotripter with ultrasonography and fluoroscopy was used for two different procedures: autoaimed and autoperiodical. These procedures enabled dual focusing on stone localization and tracking. RESULTS Out of 108 patients who underwent autoperiodical procedures, 29 had no gross hematuria. Among the 335 patients who received autoaimed procedures, 194 had no gross hematuria. The average duration of X-ray exposure during autoperiodical and autoaimed procedures was 120 and 50 s, respectively. CONCLUSION The ultrasound-guided ESWL with minimal X-ray exposure was found to be useful in treating genitourinary upper-tract urolithiasis in the autoaimed procedure. Patients who underwent the autoaimed procedure experienced less gross hematuria compared to those who underwent the autoperiodical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Te Chiang
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Heping Campus, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Mao Tsui
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Liu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Wei Hu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tang Kao
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yi Tzou
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Wu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Wu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Hung Tsui
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Shuang Ho Cancer Center, Taipei Cancer Center, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tang CM, Lin G, Chiang MH, Yeh KW, Huang JL, Su KW, Tsai MH, Hua MC, Liao SL, Lai SH, Chiu CY. Longitudinal Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolites Related to Formula Feeding and Milk Sensitization Development in Infancy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020127. [PMID: 35208202 PMCID: PMC8877196 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Early exposure to formula milk increases the likelihood of cow’s milk sensitization and food allergies in the later childhood. However, the underlying mechanisms are multifactorial and unclear. Fifty-five children from a follow-up birth cohort study were grouped into exclusive breastfeeding (EBF, n = 33) and formula feeding (EFF, n = 22) in the first six months of life. Urinary metabolites were longitudinally assessed and analyzed at 6 months, 1, and 2 years of age using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Integrated analysis of metabolic profiling associated with formula feeding and milk sensitization related to IgE reactions was also investigated. Twenty-two metabolites were significantly obtained in the EFF set at age 0.5, whereas nine metabolites were predominantly obtained in the milk sensitization set at age 1. A subsequent analysis of metabolic change from 6 months to age 1 identified eight metabolites, including 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, glutarate, lysine, N-phenylacetylglycine, N,N-dimethylglycine, 3-indoxysulfate, 2-oxoglutaric acid, and pantothenate associated with formula feeding and milk sensitization with same trend variation. Among them, 3-indoxysulfate, N-phenylacetylglycine, and N,N-dimethylglycine were gut microbial-derived without IgE association. By contrast, 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, glutarate, and lysine were IgE related associated with formula feeding contributing to milk sensitization (p < 0.05). Longitudinal urinary metabolomic analysis provides molecular insight into the mechanism of formula feeding associated with milk sensitization. Gut microbial-derived metabolites associated with formula feeding and IgE associated metabolites related to branched-chain amino acid metabolism play roles in developing sensitization and allergic symptoms in response to formula feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Min Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-M.T.); (K.-W.Y.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-M.T.); (K.-W.Y.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Kuan-Wen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-W.S.); (M.-H.T.); (M.-C.H.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-W.S.); (M.-H.T.); (M.-C.H.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Man-Chin Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-W.S.); (M.-H.T.); (M.-C.H.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Sui-Ling Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (K.-W.S.); (M.-H.T.); (M.-C.H.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-M.T.); (K.-W.Y.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-M.T.); (K.-W.Y.); (S.-H.L.)
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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Juang HH, Chen SM, Lin G, Chiang MH, Hou CP, Lin YH, Yang PS, Chang PL, Chen CL, Lin KY, Tsui KH. The Clinical Experiences of Urine Metabolomics of Genitourinary Urothelial Cancer in a Tertiary Hospital in Taiwan. Front Oncol 2021; 11:680910. [PMID: 34395249 PMCID: PMC8362851 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.680910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the impact of diagnostic urine metabolites and the clinical outcomes associated with genitourinary urothelial (GU) cancer to date. Furthermore, longitudinal analysis of the dynamics of urine metabolites contributing to the detection of GU cancer has not yet been fully investigated; therefore, the discovery of novel diagnostic urine biomarkers is of enormous interest. We explored the correlation of the urine metabolomic profiles to GU cancers. The aqueous metabolites of the GU cancer and the control were also identified and analyzed through high-resolution1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Compared with the control, the urine metabolites of the tumor were studied in relation to changes over time in a linear mixed model for repeated measures. The urine metabolites of sixty-three (44 male and 19 female) patients with GU cancers were systemically analyzed. The urine metabolite profile in GU cancer was significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). Sevenurine metabolites including histidine, propylene glycol, valine, leucine, acetylsalicylate, glycine, and isoleucine as well as other pathways were identified statistically and were significantly associated with GU cancer detection with longitudinal analysis. We discovered that histidine, propylene glycol, valine, leucine, acetylsalicylate, glycine, isoleucine, succinic acid, lysine2-aminobutyric acid, and acetic acid are involved significantly in all types of male patients in whom the type (upper tract) of urine metabolites were found to be statistically significant compared with the control. We did not find any statistical significance in urine biomarkers between female and male patients. However, a statistically insignificant correlation was found among the grade and stage with the metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei City Hospital, Heping Campus, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Pang Hou
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Yang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Phei-Lang Chang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lun Chen
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Lin
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Hung Tsui
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee CW, Yu MC, Lin G, Chiu JC, Chiang MH, Sung CM, Hsieh YC, Kuo T, Lin CY, Tsai HI. Serum metabolites may be useful markers to assess vascular invasion and identify normal alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver resection: a pilot study. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:121. [PMID: 32493393 PMCID: PMC7271504 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver with a dismal prognosis. Vascular invasion, among others, is the most robust indicator of postoperative recurrence and overall survival after liver resection for HCC. Few studies to date have attempted to search for effective markers to predict vascular invasion before the operation. The current study would examine the plasma metabolic profiling via 1H-NMR of HCC patients undergoing liver resection and aim to search for potential biomarkers in the early detection of HCC with normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and the diagnosis of vascular invasion preoperatively. Materials and methods HCC patients scheduled to receive liver resections for their HCC were recruited and divided into two separate groups, investigation cohort and validation cohort. Their preoperative blood samples were collected and subjected to a comprehensive metabolomic profiling using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Results There were 35 HCC patients in the investigation group and 22 patients in the validation group. Chronic hepatitis B remained the most common etiology of HCC, followed by chronic HCV infection. The two study cohorts were essentially comparable in terms of major clinicopathological variables. After 1H-nuclear NMR analysis, we found in the investigation cohort that HCC with normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP < 15 ng/mL) had significantly higher serum level of O-acetylcarnitine than those with higher AFP (AFP ≥ 15 ng/mL, P = 0.025). In addition, HCC with microscopic vascular invasion (VI) had significantly higher preoperative serum level of formate than HCC without microscopic VI (P = 0.023). These findings were similar in the validation cohort. Conclusion A comprehensive metabolomic profiling of HCC demonstrated that serum metabolites may be utilized to assist the early diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC patients and recognition of microvascular invasion in order to facilitate preoperative surgical planning and postoperative follow-up. Further, larger scale prospective studies are warranted to consolidate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wei Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Chu Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Mu Sung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Hsieh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tony Kuo
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Chiu CY, Cheng ML, Chiang MH, Wang CJ, Tsai MH, Lin G. Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Distinct Profiles in the Plasma and Urine Associated with IgE Reactions in Childhood Asthma. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030887. [PMID: 32213896 PMCID: PMC7141511 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several metabolomics studies have identified altered metabolic pathways that are related to asthma. However, an integrative analysis of the metabolic responses across blood and urine for a comprehensive framework of asthma in early childhood remains lacking. Fifty-four age-matched children with asthma (n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 26) were enrolled. Metabolome analysis of the plasma and urine samples was performed using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Integrated analysis of blood and urine metabolic profiling related to IgE reactions for childhood asthma was investigated. A significantly higher plasma histidine level was found, in parallel with lower urinary 1-methylnicotinamide and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, in children with asthma compared to healthy controls. Compared to children without allergic sensitization, 11 (92%) plasma metabolites and 8 (80%) urinary metabolites were found to be significantly different in children with IgE and food sensitization respectively. There were significant correlations between the plasma 3-hydroxybutyric acid and excreted volumes of the hydroxy acids, which were strongly correlated to plasma leucine and valine levels. Urine N-phenylacetylglycine, a microbial-host co-metabolite, was strongly correlated with total serum and food allergen-specific IgE levels. Plasma pyruvate and urine valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation metabolisms were significantly associated with allergic sensitization for childhood asthma. In conclusion, blood and urine metabolome reflect different metabolic pathways in allergic reactions. Plasma pyruvate metabolism to acetic acid appears to be associated with serum IgE production, whereas urine branched-chain amino acid metabolism primarily reflects food allergic reactions against allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.C); (G.L.)
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, and Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Jung Wang
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, and Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.C); (G.L.)
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Chiu CY, Cheng ML, Chiang MH, Kuo YL, Tsai MH, Chiu CC, Lin G. Gut microbial-derived butyrate is inversely associated with IgE responses to allergens in childhood asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019; 30:689-697. [PMID: 31206804 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive metabolomics-based approach to address the impact of specific gut microbiota on allergen sensitization for childhood rhinitis and asthma is still lacking. METHODS Eighty-five children with rhinitis (n = 27) and with asthma (n = 34) and healthy controls (n = 24) were enrolled. Fecal metabolomic analysis with 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and microbiome composition analysis by bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing were performed. An integrative analysis of their associations with allergen-specific IgE levels for allergic rhinitis and asthma was also assessed. RESULTS Amino acid, β-alanine, and butanoate were the predominant metabolic pathways in the gut. Among them, amino acid metabolism was negatively correlated with the phylum Firmicutes, which was significantly reduced in children with rhinitis and asthma. Levels of histidine and butyrate metabolites were significantly reduced in children with rhinitis (P = 0.029) and asthma (P = 0.009), respectively. In children with asthma, a reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria, including Faecalibacterium and Roseburia spp., and an increase in Clostridium spp. were negatively correlated with fecal amino acids and butyrate, respectively (P < 0.01). Increased Escherichia spp. accompanied by increased β-alanine and 4-hydroxybutyrate appeared to reduce butyrate production. Low fecal butyrate was significantly associated with increased total serum and mite allergen-specific IgE levels in children with asthma (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A reduced fecal butyrate is associated with increased mite-specific IgE levels and the risk of asthma in early childhood. Fecal β-alanine could be a specific biomarker connecting the metabolic dysbiosis of gut microbiota, Clostridium and Escherichia spp., in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, and Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Kuo
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Biotools Co., Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, and Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Cheng SC, Chen K, Chiu CY, Lu KY, Lu HY, Chiang MH, Tsai CK, Lo CJ, Cheng ML, Chang TC, Lin G. Metabolomic biomarkers in cervicovaginal fluid for detecting endometrial cancer through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Metabolomics 2019; 15:146. [PMID: 31664624 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecologic neoplasms in developed countries but lacks screening biomarkers. OBJECTIVES We aim to identify and validate metabolomic biomarkers in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) for detecting EC through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. METHODS We screened 100 women with suspicion of EC and benign gynecological conditions, and randomized them into the training and independent testing datasets using a 5:1 study design. CVF samples were analyzed using a 600-MHz NMR spectrometer equipped with a cryoprobe. Four machine learning algorithms-support vector machine (SVM), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and logistic regression (LR), were applied to develop the model for identifying metabolomic biomarkers in cervicovaginal fluid for EC detection. RESULTS A total of 54 women were eligible for the final analysis, with 21 EC and 33 non-EC. From 29 identified metabolites in cervicovaginal fluid samples, the top-ranking metabolites chosen through SVM, RF and PLS-DA which existed in independent metabolic pathways, i.e. phosphocholine, malate, and asparagine, were selected to build the prediction model. The SVM, PLS-DA, RF, and LR methods all yielded area under the curve values between 0.88 and 0.92 in the training dataset. In the testing dataset, the SVM and RF methods yielded the highest accuracy of 0.78 and the specificity of 0.75 and 0.80, respectively. CONCLUSION Phosphocholine, asparagine, and malate from cervicovaginal fluid, which were identified and independently validated through models built using machine learning algorithms, are promising metabolomic biomarkers for the detection of EC using NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Cheng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kueian Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung and Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 20401, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kun Tsai
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jen Lo
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33382, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33382, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33382, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang University Medical College, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
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10
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Hung CY, Yeh TS, Tsai CK, Wu RC, Lai YC, Chiang MH, Lu KY, Lin CN, Cheng ML, Lin G. Glycerophospholipids pathways and chromosomal instability in gastric cancer: Global lipidomics analysis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:181-194. [PMID: 30918592 PMCID: PMC6425327 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i3.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the breakthrough of genomics analysis, The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Group recently proposed an integrative genomic analysis, dividing gastric cancer (GC) into four subtypes, characterized by the chromosomal instability (CIN) status. However, the CIN status of GC is still vaguely characterized and lacking the valuable easy-to-use CIN markers to diagnosis in molecular and histological detection.
AIM To explore the associations of CIN with downstream lipidomics profiles.
METHODS We collected cancerous and noncancerous tissue samples from 18 patients with GC; the samples were divided into CIN and non-CIN types based on the system of The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Group and 409 sequenced oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. We identified the lipidomics profiles of the GC samples and samples of their adjacent noncancerous tissues by using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we selected leading metabolites based on variable importance in projection scores of > 1.0 and P < 0.05.
RESULTS Twelve men and six women participated in this study; the participants had a median age of 67.5 years (range, 52–87 years) and were divided into CIN (n = 9) and non-CIN (n = 9) groups. The GC samples exhibited distinct profiles of lysophosphocholine, phosphocholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphoserine, sphingomyelin, ceramide, and triglycerides compared with their adjacent noncancerous tissues. The glycerophospholipid levels (phosphocholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol) were 1.4- to 2.3-times higher in the CIN group compared with the non-CIN group (P < 0.05). Alterations in the glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid pathways indicated progression of GC toward CIN.
CONCLUSION The lipidomics profiles of GC samples were distinct from those of their adjacent noncancerous tissues. CIN status of GC is primarily associated with downstream lipidomics in the glycerophospholipid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Hung
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kun Tsai
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Lai
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Lu
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ni Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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11
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Chiu CY, Cheng ML, Wong KS, Lai SH, Chiang MH, Tsai MH, Lin G. Metabolomics Reveals Anaerobic Bacterial Fermentation and Hypoxanthine Accumulation for Fibrinous Pleural Effusions in Children with Pneumonia. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1248-1254. [PMID: 30757903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin formation in infectious parapneumonic effusion (IPE) characterizes complicated parapneumonic effusion and is important for providing guidelines for the management of IPEs that require aggressive interventions. We aim to identify metabolic mechanisms associated with bacterial invasion, inflammatory cytokines, and biochemical markers in cases of fibrinous infectious pleural effusions in children with pneumonia. Pleural fluid metabolites were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Metabolites that contributed to the separation between fibrinous and nonfibrinous IPEs were identified using supervised partial least squares discriminant analysis ( Q2/ R2 = 0.84; Ppermutation < 0.01). IL-1β in the inflammatory cytokines and glucose in the biochemical markers were significantly correlated with 11 and 9 pleural fluid metabolites, respectively, and exhibited significant overlaps. Four metabolites, including glucose, lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and hypoxanthine, were significantly correlated with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 in the fibrinolytic system enzymes. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that anaerobic bacterial fermentation with increased lactic acid and butyric acid via glucose consumption and adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis with increased hypoxanthine appeared to be associated with fibrinous IPE. Our results demonstrate that an increase in lactic acid anaerobic fermentation and hypoxanthine accumulation under hypoxic conditions are associated with fibrin formation in IPE, representing advanced pleural inflammatory progress in children with pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Healthy Aging Research Center , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | - Kin-Sun Wong
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, and Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, and Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan
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12
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Tsai CK, Yeh TS, Wu RC, Lai YC, Chiang MH, Lu KY, Hung CY, Ho HY, Cheng ML, Lin G. Metabolomic alterations and chromosomal instability status in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3760-3769. [PMID: 30197481 PMCID: PMC6127658 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i33.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the correlation of metabolomics profiles of gastric cancer (GC) with its chromosomal instability (CIN) status.
METHODS Nineteen GC patients were classified as CIN and non-CIN type by The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Group system, based on 409 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes sequenced. The aqueous metabolites of the GC tumor and its surrounding adjacent healthy tissues were identified through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Groups were compared by defining variable importance in projection score of > 1.2, a fold change value or its reciprocal of > 1.2, and a P value of < 0.05 as a significant difference.
RESULTS In total, twelve men and seven women were enrolled, with a median age of 66 years (range, 47-87 years). The numbers of gene alterations in the CIN GC group were significantly higher than those in the non-CIN GC (32-218 vs 2-17; P < 0.0005). Compared with the adjacent healthy tissues, GC tumors demonstrated significantly higher aspartic acid, citicoline, glutamic acid, oxidized glutathione, succinyladenosine, and uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine levels, but significantly lower butyrylcarnitine, glutathione hydroxyhexanoycarnitine, inosinic acid, isovalerylcarnitine, and threonine levels (all P < 0.05). CIN tumors contained significantly higher phosphocholine and uridine 5’-monophosphate levels but significantly lower beta-citryl-L-glutamic acid levels than did non-CIN tumors (all P < 0.05). CIN GC tumors demonstrated additional altered pathways involving alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, histidine metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis.
CONCLUSION Metabolomic profiles of GC tumors and the adjacent healthy tissue are distinct, and the CIN status is associated with downstream metabolic alterations in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Tsai
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Lai
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Hung
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yao Ho
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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13
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Chiu CY, Lin G, Cheng ML, Chiang MH, Tsai MH, Su KW, Hua MC, Liao SL, Lai SH, Yao TC, Yeh KW, Huang JL. Longitudinal urinary metabolomic profiling reveals metabolites for asthma development in early childhood. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:496-503. [PMID: 29679407 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several metabolites and altered metabolic pathways have been reported to be associated with asthma. However, longitudinal analysis of the dynamics of metabolites contributing to the development of asthma has not yet been fully clarified. METHODS We sought to identify the metabolic mechanisms underlying asthma development in early childhood. Thirty children with asthma and paired healthy controls from a prospective birth cohort were enrolled. Time series analysis of urinary metabolites collected at ages 1, 2, 3, and 4 years was assessed using 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Metabolites identified were studied in relation to changes over time in a linear mixed model for repeated measures. RESULTS A total of 172 urine samples collected from the enrolled children were analyzed. Urinary metabolomics identified four metabolites significantly associated with childhood asthma development, with longitudinal analysis. Among them, dimethylamine, a metabolite produced by intestinal bacteria, appeared to shift from higher to lower level during asthma development. A persistent lower level of 1-methylnicotinamide and allantoin was found in children with asthma, with a peak difference at age 3 years (P = .032 and P = .021, respectively). Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation was found between allantoin and house dust mite sensitization (Spearman's r = -.297 P = .035). CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal urinary metabolomic profiling provides a link of microbe-environment interactions in the development of childhood asthma. 1-Methylnicotinamide and allantoin may participate in allergic reactions in response to allergen exposure, potentially serving as specific biomarkers for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chin Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Ling Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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14
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Chiu CY, Lin G, Cheng ML, Chiang MH, Tsai MH, Lai SH, Wong KS, Hsieh SY. Metabolomic Profiling of Infectious Parapneumonic Effusions Reveals Biomarkers for Guiding Management of Children with Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24930. [PMID: 27103079 PMCID: PMC4840347 DOI: 10.1038/srep24930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic markers in biofluids represent an attractive tool for guiding clinical management. The aim of this study was to identify metabolic mechanisms during the progress of pleural infection in children with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. Forty children diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia were enrolled and analysis of pleural fluid metabolites categorized by complicated parapneumonic effusions (CPE) and non-CPE was assessed by using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Multivariate statistical analysis including principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed. Metabolites identified were studied in relation to subsequent intervention procedures by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Ten metabolites significantly different between CPE and non-CPE were identified. A significantly lower level of glucose for glycolysis was found in CPE compared to non-CPE. Six metabolites involving bacterial biosynthesis and three metabolites involving bacterial fermentation were significantly higher in CPE compared to non-CPE. Glucose and 3-hydroxybutyric acid were the metabolites found to be useful in discriminating from receiving intervention procedures. Metabolic profiling of pleural fluid using 1H-NMR spectroscopy provides direct observation of bacterial metabolism in the progress of pneumococcal pneumonia. An increase in the metabolism of butyric acid fermentation of glucose could potentially lead to the need of aggressive pleural drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kin-Sun Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Yung Hsieh
- Department of Clinical Proteomics Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chiu CY, Yeh KW, Lin G, Chiang MH, Yang SC, Chao WJ, Yao TC, Tsai MH, Hua MC, Liao SL, Lai SH, Cheng ML, Huang JL. Metabolomics Reveals Dynamic Metabolic Changes Associated with Age in Early Childhood. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149823. [PMID: 26914934 PMCID: PMC4767415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives A detailed understanding of the metabolic processes governing rapid growth in early life is still lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the age-related metabolic changes in healthy children throughout early childhood. Methods Healthy children from a birth cohort were enrolled in this study from birth through 4 years of age. Urinary metabolites were assessed at 6 months, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 yr of age by using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analysis including principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Metabolic pathway analysis was performed using the MetPA web tool. Results A total of 105 urine samples from 30 healthy children were collected and analyzed. Metabolites contributing to the discrimination between age groups were identified by using supervised PLS-DA (Q2 = 0.60; R2 = 0.66). A significantly higher urinary trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and betaine level was found in children aged 6 months. Urinary glycine and glutamine levels declined significantly after 6 months of age and there was a concomitant compensatory increase in urinary creatine and creatinine. Metabolic pathway analysis using MetPA revealed similar nitrogen metabolism associated energy production across all ages assessed. Pathways associated with amino acid metabolism were significantly different between infants aged 6 months and 1 year, whereas pathways associated with carbohydrate metabolism were significantly different between children at ages 2 and 3 years. Conclusions Urine metabolomics ideally represents dynamic metabolic changes across age. Urinary metabolic profiles change significantly within the first year of life, which can potentially provide crucial information about infant nutrition and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Yang
- Department of Nutrition Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Chao
- Department of Nutrition Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chin Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Ling Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MLC); (JLH)
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Community Medicine Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MLC); (JLH)
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Misawa T, Chiang MH, Pandit L, Gordon EM, Anderson WF, Parekh D. Development of systemic immunologic responses against hepatic metastases during gene therapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis with retroviral HS-tk and ganciclovir. J Gastrointest Surg 1997; 1:527-33. [PMID: 9834388 DOI: 10.1016/s1091-255x(97)80069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy with retroviral mediated gene transfer of the herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HS-tk) gene into a tumor mass confers sensitivity of the tumor cells to ganciclovir (GCV). Tumor-specific immunologic responses may develop following treatment of the primary tumor with retroviral HS-tk and GCV. In the present study we assessed whether GCV treatment of HS-tk transduced colon cancer (TK+) implanted in the peritoneal cavity induced a systemic antitumor response that would inhibit growth of a second wild-type (TK-) tumor implanted in the liver. DHDK12 rat colon cancer cells were transduced in vitro with the retroviral HS-tk vector and established as a permanent cell line (TK+ cells). TK+ or TK- DHDK12 cells (6x10(6) cells) were injected intraperitoneally on day 0 into BD-IX rats. On day 10, TK- cells (3x10(6) cells) were injected into the liver in all the groups. The animals were then treated with GCV (150 mg/kg) for 13 days. TK+ peritoneal tumors underwent significant regression during therapy with GCV (0.05+/-0.004 g; n=7) compared to wild-type (TK-) tumors (2.2+/-0.7g; n=6) (P<0.05). The volume of TK- tumors in the liver was significantly lower in GCV-treated rats with TK+ peritoneal tumors (12.5+/-8.3 mm3) compared to rats with TK- peritoneal tumors (96.7+/-18.1 mm3) (P<0.05). Histology of the liver tumors in the TK+ groups showed a dense monocytic infiltrate with fibrosis and only occasional viable tumor cells. Gene therapy with retroviral HS-tk vectors may provide a novel approach to treatment of gastrointestinal cancer by both direct cytotoxicity and an indirect mechanism that may include enhanced immuno logic responses against disseminated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Misawa
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Chen CJ, Chiou HY, Chiang MH, Lin LJ, Tai TY. Dose-response relationship between ischemic heart disease mortality and long-term arsenic exposure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16:504-10. [PMID: 8624771 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.16.4.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The cardiovascular effects of inorganic arsenic have been documented, but the dose-response relationship between ischemic heart disease (ISHD) and long-term arsenic exposure remains to be elucidated. Mortality rates from ISHD among residents in 60 villages of the area in Taiwan with endemic arseniasis from 1973 through 1986 were analyzed to examine their association with arsenic concentration in drinking water. Based on 1 355 915 person-years and 217 ISHD deaths, the cumulative ISHD mortalities from birth to age 79 years were 3.4%, 3.5%, 4.7%, and 6.6%, respectively, for residents who lived in villages in which the median arsenic concentrations in drinking water were <0.1, 0.1 to 0.34, 0.35 to 0.59, and > or = 0.6 mg/L. A cohort of 263 patients affected with blackfoot disease (BFD), a unique arsenic-related peripheral vascular disease, and 2293 non-BFD residents in the endemic area of arseniasis were recruited and followed up for an average period of 5.0 years. There was a monotonous biological gradient relationship between cumulative arsenic exposure through drinking artesian well water and ISHD mortality. The relative risks were 2.5, 4.0 and 6.5, respectively, for those who had a cumulative arsenic exposure of 0.1 to 9.9, 10.0 to 19.9, and > or = 20.0 mg/L-years compared with those without the arsenic exposure after adjustment for age, sex, cigarette smoking, body mass index, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and disease status for hypertension and diabetes through proportional-hazards regression analysis. BFD patients were found to have a significantly higher ISHD mortality that non-BFD residents, showing a multivariate-adjusted relative risk of 2.5 (95% CI, 1.1 to 5.4).
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Chiang MH, Wong JO, Chang DP, Dai YB, Chen CC, Lee SC, Chang CL. [The effect of needleless electroacupuncture in general anesthesia during laparoscopic surgery]. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 1995; 33:107-12. [PMID: 7663861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three kinds of pain-relieving substances, namely, endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphins, can be released by stimulating the relevant acupoints with the dense-disperse mode of nerve stimulator. The neurochemical mechanisms of pain relief by acupoint stimulation have been widely studied and proved. In the present study, we investigated the modulatory effect of needleless electroacupuncture on the inhaled general anesthesia during laparoscopic surgery. METHODS Forty gynecologic patients of ASA class I-II status, scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery, were randomly allocated to study and control groups. Induction and intubation were performed in the same fashion and anesthesia was maintained with inhaled general anesthetics: 50% N2O in oxygen and isoflurane, which was adjusted to keep the hemodynamic changes within +/- 10% of their preoperated level. HANS (LY 257), a special nerve stimulator with 2 Hz and 100 Hz dense-disperse wave, was used to stimulate the bilateral Yang Ling Chuan (G34), Zusanli (S36) acupoints in patients of the study group during the surgery. RESULTS We found that needleless electroacupuncture significantly lowered the volume concentration of isoflurane from 1.0 +/- 0.33% to 0.74 +/- 0.19% (p < 0.05) at 30 min after the start of operation. Furthermore, it also significantly shortened the recovery time from 11.4 +/- 3.3 min to 8.8 +/- 3.2 min (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Under general anesthesia, the application of needleless electroacupuncture can reduce the volume concentration of isoflurane and shorten the post-anesthetic recovery time during laparoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Day YB, Lee CG, Tseng CC, Chiang MH, Chang CL. [Changes of arterial oxygen tension in supine position during one-lung anesthesia]. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 1995; 33:113-8. [PMID: 7663862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-lung ventilation during anesthesia (one-lung anesthesia) in patients under lateral decubitus position to help performing intra-thoracic surgical procedures was well known to have larger alveolar-to-arterial oxygen tension difference and lower arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) as compared to two-lung ventilation. In the present study, we investigate the changes of arterial oxygen tension in the supine position during one-lung anesthesia. METHODS Forty-two patients of palmar hyperhidrosis, ASA class I-II, scheduled to receive bilateral transthoracic endoscopic sympathectomy were studied. After anesthetic induction (fentanyl, thiopental, and succinylcholine), a 35 (for female) or 37 (for male) French left-sided Robertshaw double-lumen endobronchial tube was intubated. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane 1.0-1.5% and 50% O2-N2O. They were changed to isoflurane 1.5-2.0% and 100% O2 during one-lung ventilation. Once the surgical operation is completed, they were changed to 100% O2 and two-lung ventilation. Arterial blood gases were measured at 4 phases: 5 min after endobronchial intubation (two-lung ventilation), 5 min after left one-lung ventilation, 5 min after right one-lung ventilation, and 5 min after accomplishing operation (two-lung ventilation). RESULTS The results showed PaO2 were significantly lower in left and right one-lung ventilation with 100% O2 as compared with that obtained from two-lung ventilation with 50% O2 5 min after endobronchial intubation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, right one-lung ventilation had a lower PaO2 than left one-lung ventilation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that arterial oxygen tension can be safely maintained during one-lung anesthesia with pure oxygen in healthy patients lying in a supine position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Day
- Department of Anesthesiology, Navy General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Chiou HY, Hsueh YM, Liaw KF, Horng SF, Chiang MH, Pu YS, Lin JS, Huang CH, Chen CJ. Incidence of internal cancers and ingested inorganic arsenic: a seven-year follow-up study in Taiwan. Cancer Res 1995; 55:1296-300. [PMID: 7882325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the dose-response relationship between ingested inorganic arsenic and internal cancers, a total of 263 patients with blackfoot disease and 2293 healthy residents in the endemic area of arseniasis were recruited and followed up for 7 years. The information on consumption of high-arsenic artesian well water, sociodemographic characteristics, life-style and dietary habits, and personal and family history of cancers was obtained through standardized interviews. The occurrence of internal cancers among study subjects was determined through annual health examinations, home visit personal interviews, household registration data checks, and national death certification and cancer registry profile linkages. A dose-response relationship was observed between the long-term arsenic exposure from drinking artesian well water and the incidence of lung cancer, bladder cancer, and cancers of all sites combined after adjustment for age, sex, and cigarette smoking through Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis. Blackfoot disease patients had a significantly increased cancer incidence after adjustment for cumulative arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chiou
- Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Abstract
PROBLEM Human trophoblast expression of class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes is unique in that there is no classical gene expression, but nonclassical HLA-G is expressed and only by cytotrophoblast cells. This differential expression of classical versus nonclassical class I genes suggests tissue specific regulation. Recently, a negative regulatory element (NRE), 180 bp 5' to transcription initiation was identified in a murine embryonal carcinoma cell line that markedly inhibited class I gene expression (Flanagan et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 83:3145-3149). METHOD Here we analyzed the human HLA-A2 gene for a putative NRE sequence and determined whether such a sequence is capable of binding to factors present in a variety of class I-null cell lines. RESULTS Sequence analysis revealed that the NRE for human HLA-A2 is identical to that for mouse H-2Ld. Using gel shift assays with nuclear extracts (NE) from a variety of cell types, we demonstrated specific binding to the HLA-A2 NRE sequence. The choriocarcinoma cell lines JEG and BeWo and the F9 cells (all negative for classical gene expression) contained this DNA binding factor(s). This binding factor was not present in NE from lymphocytes or a variety of other cell lines that were positive for classical gene expression. CONCLUSION Human trophoblasts appear to have a tissue specific nuclear binding factor that may down regulate classical class I expression upon binding to the NRE sequence. The HLA-G gene does not have this NRE region thus enabling its expression by these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chiang
- Institute of Child Health and Human Development, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco 94115
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Expression of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-G may be required for appropriate invasion and remodeling of uterine spiral arteries. Inappropriate expression of this antigen may result in failure of invasion, leading to partial placental ischemia and gestational disease. STUDY DESIGN To test the hypothesis that the level of expression of HLA-G is reduced in trophoblasts from patients with gestational complications (preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, or gestational hypertension) compared with patients with normal pregnancy, total ribonucleic acid was isolated from the fetal membrane or decidual interface of term placenta from several patient groups. Ribonuclease protection assay was used to determine levels of HLA-G expression, which was normalized for total ribonucleic acid input with beta-actin and for trophoblast content in the tissue by cytokeratin 8. RESULTS When normalized for total ribonucleic acid input (beta-actin), term placental expression of HLA-G was reduced for all forms of preeclampsia but not for intrauterine growth retardation or gestational hypertension. When tissue expression of cytokeratin, an indicator of trophoblast input, was normalized for trophoblast input, was normalized for total ribonucleic acid input, primary preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation had reduced numbers of trophoblast per unit tissue. When controlled for trophoblast input HLA-G expression was similar to normal for all clinical groups, except for intrauterine growth retardation, which was slightly increased. CONCLUSION Level of expression of HLA-G in placental tissue was reduced in preeclampsia. This decrease in expression appears to be related to reduced numbers of trophoblasts in placental tissue examined at term from patients with primary preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Colbern
- Institute of Child Health and Human Development, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco 94115
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Chiang MH, Steuerwald N, Lambert H, Main EK, Steinleitner A. Detection of human leukocyte antigen class I messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts in human spermatozoa via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Fertil Steril 1994; 61:276-80. [PMID: 7507866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I messenger RNA (mRNA) is present in mature human spermatozoa. DESIGN Mature human spermatozoa was isolated from donor semen using a swim-up technique. Total RNA was extracted via guanidinium isothiocyanate-cesium chloride ultracentrifugation. By the method previously validated in our laboratory, reverse transcription-PCR was performed using primers specific for HLA class I transcripts. Positive control cells included a choriocarcinoma cell line (JEG) and human fetal tissue. Transformed peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were used as a negative control for somatic cellular contamination. RESULTS Human spermatozoa were positive for HLA class I (-G and -B) mRNA by reverse transcription-PCR, consistent with the positive controls. We did not detect any mRNA for beta-actin, retinoblastoma (RB), CD4, or kappa light chain genes in the sperm complementary DNA samples, verifying that the class I mRNA detected was not due to somatic cellular contamination of the purified sperm samples. CONCLUSION These experiments provide the first evidence that mRNA for HLA class I molecules are present in mature human spermatozoa. The physiological role of these transcripts is unknown at present. Further experiments characterizing the expression of HLA class I (-G and -B) mRNA in oocytes and preimplantation embryos are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chiang
- California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco 94904
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Chiang MH, Kelley KM, Nicoll CS. Human placental lactogen directly inhibits rat cartilage growth processes in vivo and in vitro. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1993; 128:65-8. [PMID: 8447196 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1280065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have recently reported that human placental lactogen inhibits the growth of young female rats without changing the serum levels of insulin like growth factor-I. Accordingly, experiments were conducted to determine whether human placental lactogen could directly inhibit cartilage growth processes in vivo and in vitro. Osmotic minipumps with attached polyethylene catheters were used to infuse the hormone for seven days into the left hindlimb of three-month-old female rats via the common iliac artery. The right hindlimb of each animal served as an internal control. Infusion of the placental lactogen at 10 micrograms/rat/day caused a slight (10%) but significant decrease in the width of the tibial epiphysial cartilage plate and a higher dose (100 micrograms/rat/day) caused a greater degree of inhibition (25%). However, the higher dose also inhibited the tibial cartilage plate of the contralateral (non-infused) limb. The possibility that human placental lactogen could directly inhibit cartilage anabolic activity in vitro was evaluated by measuring the incorporation of 35SO4 into costal cartilage explants from three to four-month-old female rats. The placental hormone inhibited the incorporation of 35SO4 in a dose-related manner at concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 100 micrograms/l. As a test of the specificity of this inhibition the effect of the hormone on the incorporation of 35SO4 into cartilage explants from Coho salmon was determined. The placental lactogen did not affect incorporation of the sulfate into the fish cartilage over a range of doses from 1.0 to 1000 micrograms/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chiang
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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Chiang MH, Nicoll CS. Human placental lactogen inhibits growth without changing serum levels of IGF-1 in rats: an apparent specific action of the hormone. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1992; 127:146-51. [PMID: 1529661 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1270146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous work in our laboratory has shown that the internal environment of rats has reduced growth-promoting activity during the second half of gestation and this condition is associated with resistance to the anabolic effects of GH. The placenta appears to be responsible for this condition but injections of estradiol plus progesterone into virgin females did not mimic it. Accordingly, it seemed worthwhile to test the effects of a placental lactogen (PL) for possible growth inhibitory effects. In the present study the effects of human (h)PL on skeletal growth in young female rats and on the growth of embryonic tissue transplants under their kidney capsules were investigated. Human (h) and bovine (b) GH, and ovine prolactin (oPRL) were also tested to determine whether the results obtained with hPL were specific. Twice daily subcutaneous injections of a high dose of hPL (10 mg/day), but not of oPRL (5 mg/day) for 7 days inhibited both host tail growth and tibial epiphyseal plate width, and growth of whole 10-day embryo transplants. Injections of hGH at 1 mg/day for 8 days significantly increased host skeletal growth and growth of 12-day embryonic head transplants; at the same dose, neither bGH nor oPRL affected growth of the embryonic heads or of the host tibial epiphyseal plate width, but the bGH increased host tail growth. By contrast, the 1 mg/day dose of hPL significantly reduced the host's tibial epiphyseal plate width, tail growth, and transplant growth; lower doses of hPL (10 and 100 micrograms/day) were also inhibitory.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chiang
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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Abstract
During gestation, female rats become resistant to the anabolic actions of GH. The importance of this resistance for conceptus growth was investigated by treating pregnant dams on a reduced diet with ovine (o) or bovine (b) GH during days 10-20 of gestation. Reducing food intake to 60% that of ad libitum-fed controls significantly depleted maternal inguinal fat stores by day 20 of gestation, but it did not affect the growth of the fetuses or the placentas. In the food-restricted dams, twice daily injections of oGH (1 mg/day) or bGH (5 mg/day) during days 10-20 of gestation increased their inguinal fat pad wet weight by 28% and 62%, respectively, but had no effect on the wet weight of maternal heart, liver, or spleen. The dams treated with bGH had significantly heavier kidneys than the PBS- or oGH-treated females. On day 20 of gestation, control animals fed a 60%-diet had total serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels that were depressed to the same extent as those in ad libitum fed dams (i.e. to about 25% of the levels in nonpregnant females). Both the oGH and bGH treatments significantly elevated maternal serum insulin-like growth factor-I to 42% and 300%, respectively, of the levels in the untreated underfed dams. Compared to virgin controls, maternal tibial epiphyseal plate width was also significantly diminished in dams fed ad libitum or a 60% diet. Nevertheless, oGH and bGH were effective at augmenting maternal tibial epiphyseal plate width to equal those in virgin controls. Both doses of GH significantly reduced placental and fetal weights compared to those of PBS-injected dams on a 60% diet, and dams treated with the higher dose of GH were in an advanced stage of fetal and placental resorption by day 20 of gestation. Thus, maternal resistance to the anabolic actions of GH appears to be an important adaptation for diverting nutrients from the mother to the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chiang
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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Liu YT, Wu WL, Chiang MH, Hu SJ. Factors affecting the production of amphotericin A. Zhonghua Min Guo Wei Sheng Wu Ji Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 1987; 20:247-56. [PMID: 3322702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Factors affecting amphotericin A synthesis of Streptomyces nodosus, NDMC-034 were studied. Iron, magnesium and manganese were found to stimulate amphotericin A synthesis at concentrations ranging from 10-100 microM. The optimum inoculum size, and the pH of production medium before sterilization for producing amphotericin A, were found to be near 10% (v/v) and pH 7.8, respectively. Carrying out fermentation in a complex medium using pharmamedia as nitrogen source resulted in an amphotericin A yield of up to 3.4 g/liter. A novel isolation and purification process for amphotericin A from the fermentation broth was developed, using an extracting isopropyl alcohol and methanolic solution containing 2% CaCl2. Amphotericin A exhibits a much lower acute toxicity in mice than amphotericin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, ROC
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Chiang MH, Cheung WY. Adenylate cyclase of Brevibacterium liquefaciens. Inactivation by neuraminidase, phospholipase A and phospholipase C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1973; 55:187-92. [PMID: 4783345 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(73)80077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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