1
|
Enlund KB, Rahunen N, Thelander S, Olsén L. Evaluation of a Thiol-Detection Test to Assess Tooth Brushing Efficacy in Dogs. J Vet Dent 2024; 41:183-191. [PMID: 37345423 PMCID: PMC11003196 DOI: 10.1177/08987564231179898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease affects more than 80% of dogs over 3 years of age, making it the most common disease in dogs seen in veterinary clinics. Gingivitis, the early-stage of periodontal disease, may be reversible with tooth brushing. Thiol, a sulfuric compound, has previously been shown to correlate with the degree of periodontal disease. In this study, a thiol-detection test was used to investigate daily tooth brushing efficacy in dogs. Twenty-two beagle dogs were subjected to daily tooth brushing for 2 weeks. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), calculus index (CI) and thiol were assessed before treatment (day 1), after 1 week (day 7), after last treatment (day 14), and 2 weeks after treatment finished (day 29). Degree of stress was also assessed using a fear, anxiety and stress (FAS) scale. Both 7 and 14 days of daily tooth brushing showed an improvement in oral health. Thiol decreased significantly and GI and PI improved significantly after 1 and 2 weeks of brushing. No significant improvement in CI was shown. After an additional 2 weeks without brushing, GI and PI had returned to baseline levels. Stress levels decreased from day 1 to day 14. This study suggests that a thiol-detection test can be used to assess tooth brushing efficacy. Tooth brushing has a positive effect on the oral health in dogs as soon as 7 days after commencement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Brunius Enlund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nadja Rahunen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sofia Thelander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Olsén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tiwari AV, Dangore-Khasbage S, Mohod S. Chronic Inflammatory Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e54296. [PMID: 38496173 PMCID: PMC10944310 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Gingival enlargement can be referred to as an increased size of the gingival tissues. It might have originated because of inflammation, induced by certain drugs, linked to generalized illness, malignant, or pseudo enlargement, based on its etiology and pathogenesis. Enlargements may be widespread, papillary, or marginal, depending on the location. It affects the patient's masticatory, functional, aesthetic, and psychological health. Diagnosing the condition and its underlying cause through a detailed history is the mainstay for management. Diagnosis is based on a careful clinical examination in relation to the consistency, texture, and color of enlarged gingival tissues. Once diagnosed, the intervention relies on treating the causative factor involved in the condition. Early diagnosis and treatment with the elimination of the etiologic factor along with strict oral hygiene instructions and regular follow-up results in the restoration of aesthetics and function. This article presents a case report of a female patient aged 31 years who presented to the Oral Medicine and Radiology Department with chief complaints of swollen gums, bleeding gums while brushing for one month, and pain and loosening of teeth in the upper left back region of the jaw since 15 days. On thorough clinical examination, oral hygiene instructions were given along with antimicrobials and analgesic medications, and extensive scaling and sub-gingival curettage were done. On the follow-up visit after seven days, there was reduced inflammation due to the removal of local irritants like plaque and calculus and reduced gingival enlargement. The takeaway message from this case is that clinicians should be thoroughly acquainted with the normal and pathologic alterations of the gingival tissues and possible etiologic factors for it. Careful examination, prompt diagnosis, and treatment form the mainstay of management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha V Tiwari
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Suwarna Dangore-Khasbage
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Swapnil Mohod
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dudhani S, Sinha AK, Kumar B, Kumar A, Anant M. Giant Colpolithiasis in Urogenital Sinus Anomaly with Urethral Duplication: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2024; 21:69-72. [PMID: 38259025 PMCID: PMC10903723 DOI: 10.4103/ajps.ajps_89_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Primary vaginal calculi are uncommon in children. Urethral duplication in females is seen to occur in association with complex congenital malformations. We report the case of perianal persistent urogenital sinus with a hypertrophied clitoris with phallic urethra, scrotum-like pouch, uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina, and giant colpolithiasis in 46XX female. A 16-year-old presented with pain abdomen and cyclic passage of blood clots per rectum. She had a tender lump in left iliac region, a phallus like protrusion and a ruggous sac below it. Vaginal opening was absent. Computed tomography showed two uterine horns with a separate cervix and distended non-communicating hemivaginas with a large calcified oval mass in the left hemivagina. On exploration, calculus was extracted from the left hemivagina. The large calculus found in the left hemivagina appears to be the cause of all presenting symptoms. It obstructed the left hemivagina, filling the left uterine horn with menstrual blood causing its gradual enlargement and secondary infection. The early diagnosis and prompt referral of such an anomaly can only be ensured in institutional deliveries. For a significant proportion of newborns in the developing world, the ability to afford or even be referred to institutes which deal with such cases is a luxurious affair. We hope to bridge bridging the knowledge, attitude and practice gap that exists in our health-care system with this report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bindey Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Monika Anant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dunegan KA, Deas DE, Powell CA, Ruparel NB, Kotsakis GA, Mealey BL. Subgingival scaling and root planing during minimally invasive periodontal surgery: A randomized controlled split-mouth trial. J Periodontol 2024; 95:9-16. [PMID: 37287337 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this randomized, controlled split-mouth study was to evaluate a videoscope as a visual adjunct to scaling and root planing when utilized in combination with minimally invasive surgery. METHODS Twenty-five pairs (89 interproximal surfaces) of periodontally hopeless teeth planned for extraction were scaled and root planed with minimal surgical access using surgical loupes (control) or adjunctive use of a videoscope (test). Teeth were extracted with minimal trauma, stained with methylene blue, and photographed with a digital microscope for analysis. The primary outcome of residual calculus was calculated as a percentage of the total interproximal area of interest. Secondary outcomes included treatment time, as well as residual calculus according to probing depth, tooth location, and treatment date. Data were analyzed using Student's paired t-tests, two-way analyses of variance, and Spearman's correlation tests. RESULTS Residual calculus area was 2.61% on control and 2.71% on test surfaces with no significant difference between groups. Subgroup analysis showed no difference in residual calculus between groups at moderate or deep sites. Treatment time per surface was significantly longer in the test group compared to the control group. Treatment order, tooth location, and operator experience did not significantly affect the primary outcome. CONCLUSIONS Though the videoscope provided excellent visual access, it did not improve the efficacy of root planing for flat interproximal surfaces during minimally invasive periodontal surgery. Small amounts of calculus remain after instrumentation even with minimal surgical access and when root surfaces appear visually clean and tactilely smooth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara A Dunegan
- Department of Periodontics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - David E Deas
- Department of Periodontics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Charles A Powell
- Department of Periodontics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Nikita B Ruparel
- Department of Endodontics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Georgios A Kotsakis
- Department of Periodontics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Brian L Mealey
- Department of Periodontics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang TA, Trung NH, Lee HC, Lee CK, Tsai MT, Wang YL. Quantitative Evaluation of Caries and Calculus with Ultrahigh-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1317. [PMID: 38002442 PMCID: PMC10669567 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries on the crown's surface is caused by the interaction of bacteria and carbohydrates, which then gradually alter the tooth's structure. In addition, calculus is the root of periodontal disease. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been considered to be a promising tool for identifying dental caries; however, diagnosing dental caries in the early stage still remains challenging. In this study, we proposed an ultrahigh-resolution OCT (UHR-OCT) system with axial and transverse resolutions of 2.6 and 1.8 μm for differentiating the early-stage dental caries and calculus. The same teeth were also scanned by a conventional spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) system with an axial resolution of 7 μm. The results indicated that early-stage carious structures such as small cavities can be observed using UHR-OCT; however, the SD-OCT system with a lower resolution had difficulty identifying it. Moreover, the estimated surface roughness and the scattering coefficient of enamel were proposed for quantitatively differentiating the different stages of caries. Furthermore, the thickness of the calculus can be estimated from the UHR-OCT results. The results have demonstrated that UHR-OCT can detect caries and calculus in their early stages, showing that the proposed method for the quantitative evaluation of caries and calculus is potentially promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nguyễn Hoàng Trung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chieh Lee
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Li Wang
- Department of Periodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chiang YT, Chen SM, Tsui HM, Juang HH, Lin CW, Chiang MH, Liu CH, Hu SW, Kao WT, Chen KC, Tzou KY, Wu CC, Wu WL, Tsui KH. Ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with minimal x-ray exposure prevented genitourinary tract injury patients with urolithiasis in Taiwan. Sci Prog 2023; 106:368504231220988. [PMID: 38130182 PMCID: PMC10864817 DOI: 10.1177/00368504231220988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the use of ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to break stones in the genitourinary tract and prevent genitourinary injury. Our goals were to achieve accurate focusing and minimal X-ray exposure for the benefit of the patients. METHODS The LiteMed LM-9200 lithotripter with ultrasonography and fluoroscopy was used for two different procedures: autoaimed and autoperiodical. These procedures enabled dual focusing on stone localization and tracking. RESULTS Out of 108 patients who underwent autoperiodical procedures, 29 had no gross hematuria. Among the 335 patients who received autoaimed procedures, 194 had no gross hematuria. The average duration of X-ray exposure during autoperiodical and autoaimed procedures was 120 and 50 s, respectively. CONCLUSION The ultrasound-guided ESWL with minimal X-ray exposure was found to be useful in treating genitourinary upper-tract urolithiasis in the autoaimed procedure. Patients who underwent the autoaimed procedure experienced less gross hematuria compared to those who underwent the autoperiodical procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Te Chiang
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Heping Campus, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Mao Tsui
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Chiang
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Liu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Wei Hu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tang Kao
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yi Tzou
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Wu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Wu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Hung Tsui
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Shuang Ho Cancer Center, Taipei Cancer Center, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khoury J, Giladi HZ, Ginesin O, Gabay E, Mayer Y. The influence of radio frequency-based toothbrush on the accumulation of calculus and periodontal health: A randomized double-blind controlled prospective study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:574-585. [PMID: 37515446 PMCID: PMC10441598 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of a toothbrush with radio frequency (RF) has shown to be of benefit regarding the reduction of plaque, calculus, and dental staining and improving teeth shade compared to conventional powered and manual toothbrushes. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of the RF toothbrush in the reduction of calculus accumulation and its effect on periodontal parameters as well as subject satisfaction as compared to an identical sham-tooth brush. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who are under a strict maintenance program were included. Patients were allocated to test (RF toothbrush) or control (sham) randomly and were examined at baseline, one and three months. Clinical photos were taken and a consequential calculus assessment via ImageJ software. Clinical assessment included the following: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and recession (REC). Patient satisfaction was assessed via a questionnaire. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients (29 control, 29 test) were included. At baseline mean PPD, BOP, PI, REC, and calculus accumulation were similar between the groups. Mean buccal calculus was lower in the test group at one month 4.0% versus 6.7%, p < .05. Calculus accumulation within the groups was lower in the test group at 1 and 3 months when compared to baseline at the buccal aspect (2.8% vs. 8.9%, p < .05% and 3.8% vs. 8.9%, p < .05) and lingual aspect (6.7% vs. 16.5%, p < .05% and 8.9% vs. 16.5%, p < .05). No statistically significant results were found regarding periodontal parameters PPD, BOP, PI, and REC. No difference was found between groups regarding patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION RF seems to have an additive effect on preventing calculus accumulation on the buccal aspect of anterior mandibular teeth at 1 month. Nevertheless, at 3 months, no difference between the toothbrushes is seen regarding calculus formation and maintaining periodontal health (ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT04640857).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Khoury
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
| | - Hadar Z. Giladi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Ofir Ginesin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Eran Gabay
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Yaniv Mayer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sood A, Mishra GV, Khandelwal S, Saboo K, Suryadevara M. A Rare Case of Obstructive Uropathy in an Elderly Male From Rural India - A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e42590. [PMID: 37641778 PMCID: PMC10460488 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ureterocele is a rare congenital anomaly often believed to be caused due to incomplete dissolution of the Chwalla membrane. In this pathology, the distal end of the ureter is invaginated in the bladder and is dilated. We present a case of an 81-year-old male from rural India who came with complaints of hematuria and was diagnosed with ureterocele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Sood
- Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institution of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Gaurav V Mishra
- Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institution of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shreya Khandelwal
- Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institution of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Keyur Saboo
- Medicine, Datta Meghe Institution of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Manasa Suryadevara
- Radiodiagnosis, Datta Meghe Institution of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Büttner M, Schneider L, Krasowski A, Krois J, Feldberg B, Schwendicke F. Impact of Noisy Labels on Dental Deep Learning- Calculus Detection on Bitewing Radiographs. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3058. [PMID: 37176499 PMCID: PMC10179289 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Supervised deep learning requires labelled data. On medical images, data is often labelled inconsistently (e.g., too large) with varying accuracies. We aimed to assess the impact of such label noise on dental calculus detection on bitewing radiographs. On 2584 bitewings calculus was accurately labeled using bounding boxes (BBs) and artificially increased and decreased stepwise, resulting in 30 consistently and 9 inconsistently noisy datasets. An object detection network (YOLOv5) was trained on each dataset and evaluated on noisy and accurate test data. Training on accurately labeled data yielded an mAP50: 0.77 (SD: 0.01). When trained on consistently too small BBs model performance significantly decreased on accurate and noisy test data. Model performance trained on consistently too large BBs decreased immediately on accurate test data (e.g., 200% BBs: mAP50: 0.24; SD: 0.05; p < 0.05), but only after drastically increasing BBs on noisy test data (e.g., 70,000%: mAP50: 0.75; SD: 0.01; p < 0.05). Models trained on inconsistent BB sizes showed a significant decrease of performance when deviating 20% or more from the original when tested on noisy data (mAP50: 0.74; SD: 0.02; p < 0.05), or 30% or more when tested on accurate data (mAP50: 0.76; SD: 0.01; p < 0.05). In conclusion, accurate predictions need accurate labeled data in the training process. Testing on noisy data may disguise the effects of noisy training data. Researchers should be aware of the relevance of accurately annotated data, especially when testing model performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Büttner
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
- ITU/WHO Focus Group AI4Health, Topic Group Dental Diagnostics and Digital Dentistry, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Schneider
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
- ITU/WHO Focus Group AI4Health, Topic Group Dental Diagnostics and Digital Dentistry, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
| | - Aleksander Krasowski
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Krois
- ITU/WHO Focus Group AI4Health, Topic Group Dental Diagnostics and Digital Dentistry, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
| | - Ben Feldberg
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
- ITU/WHO Focus Group AI4Health, Topic Group Dental Diagnostics and Digital Dentistry, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
da Silva Barroso FM, Maués CAD, de Castro GL, de Souza PM, da Cunha Alves RA, de Souza IF. Incomplete ureteral quintuplication obstructed by proximal calculus: Case report and review of literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 106:108181. [PMID: 37119752 PMCID: PMC10173196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ureteral duplication is a common congenital anomaly, although multiple ureters is a rare disorder. Bifid ureter or multiple ureters are diagnosed incidentally and generally associated with obstruction by lithiasis. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of ureteral quintuplication converging into a sacculation obstructed by a 7 cm calculus. CONCLUSION Two or more ureters are more common in women and it is mostly associated with asymptomatic presentation, excepting when related to complications of urinary tract infection or lithiasis. More than four ureters are extremely rare and our case is the first of incomplete quintuplication found so far in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Marcos da Silva Barroso
- Urology service at Getúlio Vargas University Hospital (HUGV), 4 Apurinã Avenue, Praça 14 de Janeiro, Manaus, Amazonas 69020-170, Brazil
| | - Carolina Augusta Dorgam Maués
- General Surgery service at Getúlio Vargas University Hospital (HUGV), 4 Apurinã Avenue, Praça 14 de Janeiro, Manaus, Amazonas 69020-170, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Lopes de Castro
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), 1053 Afonso Pena St, Praça 14 de Janeiro, Manaus, Amazonas 69020-160, Brazil.
| | - Paloma Menezes de Souza
- Urology service at Ribeirão Preto Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital, São Paulo, 456 Saudade Av, Campos Elíseos, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Roger Arthur da Cunha Alves
- Urology service at Getúlio Vargas University Hospital (HUGV), 4 Apurinã Avenue, Praça 14 de Janeiro, Manaus, Amazonas 69020-170, Brazil
| | - Igor Ferreira de Souza
- Urology service at Getúlio Vargas University Hospital (HUGV), 4 Apurinã Avenue, Praça 14 de Janeiro, Manaus, Amazonas 69020-170, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guimarães T, Alves F, Pinheiro H, Campos Pinheiro L. Recurrent giant neobladder calculus extrusion after bladder exstrophy repair. IJU Case Rep 2023; 6:116-119. [PMID: 36875002 PMCID: PMC9978066 DOI: 10.1002/iju5.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with bladder exstrophy subjected to reconstructive surgeries are at risk of developing urinary calculus. Case presentation We report the case of a 29-year-old male patient with bladder exstrophy who presented with a recurrent episode of extrusion of calculus through the neobladder and anterior abdominal wall. Calculus removal and reconstructive repair of the neobladder and abdominal wall were performed in 2010. Nine years following the procedure, the patient returned with new large neobladder calculus extrusion. Conclusion Recurrence of large calculus should be seen as the new paradigm for the importance of close follow-up in bladder exstrophy patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Guimarães
- Urology Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central Lisbon Portugal
| | - Fátima Alves
- Pediatric Surgery Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central Lisbon Portugal
| | - Hugo Pinheiro
- Urology Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central Lisbon Portugal
| | - Luís Campos Pinheiro
- Urology Department Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central Lisbon Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kaypetch R, Anuwongnukroh N, Dechkunakorn S, Wichai W, Tua-Ngam P, Tantivitayakul P, Shrestha B. Novel vinegar solution for denture-cleansing agent. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:117-120. [PMID: 36990755 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the antimicrobial effects of a novel vinegar-based denture cleansing agent on oral Streptococci and Candida species and the inhibitory effects on pre-formed bacterial and Candida biofilms on denture base. METHODS The microorganisms used in this study were Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus), Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis), Candida albicans (C. albicans), and Candida glabrata (C. glabrata). The antimicrobial activity of novel vinegar solution was evaluated by time kill assay and biofilm grown on denture base. RESULTS Time kill assay showed that vinegar exhibited the highest antibacterial effect on S. sobrinus, S. sanguinis, and S. mutans after 15 min of treatment. A 99.9% reduction in C. glabrata and C. albicans required more than 4 and 6 h of treatment, respectively. Vinegar significantly inhibited streptococcal biofilm, with an approximately 6 log-reduction at 30 min of treatment. The results demonstrated that viable Candida cells in biofilm reduced in excess of 6-log CFU/mL after 3 h treatment with vinegar. Moreover, the vinegar-based denture cleanser inhibited bacterial and Candida biofilm formation compared to the control group without treatment with statistical significance. CONCLUSION A novel vinegar-based denture cleansing agent showed moderate antibacterial properties, but required a slightly longer immersion time to attain anticandidal effects compared to Polident and 0.2% CHX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wassana Wichai
- Research office, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| | | | | | - Binit Shrestha
- Maxillofacial Prosthetic Unit, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR, Nagdeve R, Phadnaik M, Noman O. An Unusual Simultaneous Occurrence of Diabetes and Hypothyroidism in a Periodontitis Patient: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e33844. [PMID: 36819382 PMCID: PMC9931528 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypothyroidism are commonly prevalent non-communicable diseases afflicting the human population all over the world, with the added burden on the health care system increasing the overall morbidity. It has been seen through various shreds of evidence that systemic diseases may influence the course of the localized disease and vice versa. Here, we report a case of 38-year-old female periodontitis patient also diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism. Periodontitis is one of the complications of diabetes. But the occurrence of periodontal disease is a less common intra-oral finding in hypothyroidism as compared to diabetes. All these three chronic diseases were simultaneously observed in this patient, which is a rare occurrence and can adversely affect her overall prognosis. This case report highlights the need for a systematic interdisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and management of such cases.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumari M, Tukaram D. Management of Mutrashmari (urolithiasis) with Palasha Kshara and Ashmarihara Kwatha: An open-labelled placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ayu 2022; 43:54-59. [PMID: 37655175 PMCID: PMC10468020 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_225_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutrashmari (urolithiasis), a pathological condition of the urinary system where aggregation of urinary crystalloids takes place anywhere in the urinary tract, i.e., from the kidney to urinary bladder showing male preponderance (male:female = 2:1) and now becoming medico-surgical as well as economical challenge for all health-care systems. Aims The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Palasha Kshara (alkali) with Ashmarihara Kwatha (decoction) in the management of Mutrashmari (urolithiasis). Materials and method Thirty-nine patients of Mutrashmari were selected and randomly allocated with a computerized randomized method into two groups. In trial group A (n = 20), capsule Palasha Kshara (Mridu), 500 mg three times a day after meal, and Ashmarihara Kwatha (decoction) (40 ml twice daily) were given orally after meals for 2 months. In placebo control group B (n = 19), placebo capsule (granulated wheat), was given in a dosage of 500 mg along with 3-4 l of water for 2 months. Results Patients of Palasha Kshara and Ashmarihara Kwatha group showed better relief in chief complaints, i.e., pain and increased frequency of micturition as compared to the placebo group. Complete remission of symptoms of Mutrashmari was more in patients treated with Palasha Kshara with Ashmarihara decoction. Conclusion Palasha Kshara with Ashmarihara Kwatha is found more effective than placebo in the management of Mutrashmari (urolithiasis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kumari
- Department of Shalya Tantra, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India
| | - Dudhamal Tukaram
- Department of Shalya Tantra, IPGT and RA, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Scherl DS, Coffman L, Mansoor A, Rajwa B, Patsekin V, Robinson JP. A Semi-Automated Method for Measuring Biofilm Accumulation on the Teeth Using Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence in Dogs and Cats. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:122-132. [PMID: 35257605 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221081991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral health conditions (eg, plaque, calculus, gingivitis) cause morbidity and pain in companion animals. Thus, developing technologies that can ameliorate the accumulation of oral biofilm, a critical factor in the progression of these conditions, is vital. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) is a method to quantify oral substrate accumulation, and therefore, it can assess biofilm attenuation of different products. New software has recently been developed that automates aspects of the procedure. However, few QLF studies in companion animals have been performed. QLF was used to collect digital images of oral substrate accumulation on the teeth of dogs and cats to demonstrate the ability of QLF to discriminate between foods known to differentially inhibit oral substrate accumulation. Images were taken as a function of time and diet. Software developed by the Cytometry Laboratory, Purdue University quantified biofilm coverage. Intra- and intergrader reproducibility was also assessed, as was a comparison of the results of the QLF software with those of an experienced grader using undisclosed coverage-only metrics similar to those used for the Logan and Boyce index. Quantification of oral substrate accumulation using QLF-derived images demonstrated the ability to distinguish between dental diets known to differentially inhibit oral biofilm accumulation. Little variance in intra- and intergrader reproducibility was observed, and the comparison between the experienced Logan and Boyce grader and the QLF software yielded a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.89 (95% CI = 0.84, 0.92). These results show that QLF is a useful tool that allows the semi-automated quantification of the accumulation of oral biofilm in companion animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Awais Mansoor
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Avgerinos E, Remoundou D. The Language of "Rate of Change" in Mathematics. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2021; 11:1599-609. [PMID: 34940391 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe11040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Language is an essential aspect of teaching and learning mathematics. It is necessary for communication, the transmission of concepts and ideas, and the formation of meaning of mathematical concepts. In mathematics, besides symbols, which are usually common among different languages, words and expressions are used, which may invoke different concept images to students in various languages. Some words are used in mathematics and in everyday language with different meanings, while others are used only in mathematics or in mathematics and other disciplines in similar but non-identical ways. In Mathematical Analysis, the used vocabulary is gradually enhanced, and the concepts are defined in a more formal way. In the current study, the language used regarding mathematics of change is examined, focusing on “rate of change”, and its relation to misconceptions among students.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bencheikh N, Elbouzidi A, Kharchoufa L, Ouassou H, Alami Merrouni I, Mechchate H, Es-safi I, Hano C, Addi M, Bouhrim M, Eto B, Elachouri M. Inventory of Medicinal Plants Used Traditionally to Manage Kidney Diseases in North-Eastern Morocco: Ethnobotanical Fieldwork and Pharmacological Evidence. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1966. [PMID: 34579498 PMCID: PMC8468912 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Kidney disease is one of the most common health problems and kidney failure can be fatal. It is one of the health disorders associated with extreme pain and discomfort in patients. In developing countries, such as Morocco where socioeconomic and sanitary conditions are precarious, medicinal plants are considered the primary source of medication. In the present work an ethnobotanical survey was conducted in a remote area of North-Eastern Morocco and we focused on (1) establishing a record of medicinal plants used traditionally by local people to treat kidney diseases and (2) correlate the obtained ethnomedical use with well-studied pharmacological evidence. From February 2018 to January2020, information was gathered from 488 informants using semi-structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using three quantitative indices: The use value (UV), family use value (FUV), and informant consensus factor (ICF). A total of 121 plant species belonging to 57 botanical families were identified to treat kidney diseases. The families most represented were Asteraceae (14 species), followed by Lamiaceae (12 species) and Apiaceae (10 species). The most commonly used plant parts were leaves, followed by the whole plant and they were most commonly prepared by decoction and infusion. The highest value of the (UV) index was attributed to Herniaria hirsuta L. (UV = 0.16), and the highest family use value (FUV) was assigned to Caryophyllaceae with (FUV = 0.163). Regarding the informant consensus factor (ICF), this index's highest values were recorded for kidney stones (ICF = 0.72). The use of 45% of the selected plants were validated based on literature review. This study helped document and preserve crucial traditional plant knowledge of 121 plant species used to treat kidney problems that can be used in the search for new biologically active compounds through more upcoming pharmacological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Bencheikh
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Loubna Kharchoufa
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Hayat Ouassou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Ilyass Alami Merrouni
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood and Health, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, P.O. Box 1796, Fez 30000, Morocco;
| | - Imane Es-safi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood and Health, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, P.O. Box 1796, Fez 30000, Morocco;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328, Orleans University, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60040, Morocco;
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratoire TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Lille, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, B.P. 83, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60040, Morocco; (N.B.); (A.E.); (L.K.); (H.O.); (I.A.M.); (M.B.); (M.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Panach-Navarrete J, Negueroles-García M, Martínez-Jabaloyas JM. Retrograde endoureterotomy as a treatment option for impacted calculus in the ureterointestinal junction. Urologia 2021; 89:585-588. [PMID: 34519244 DOI: 10.1177/03915603211046167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In patients with a history of radical cystectomy and with intestinal diversion, urolithiasis in the upper urinary tract is a frequent event. MATERIAL AND METHODS We describe for the first time a case of retrograde endoureterotomy used to treat a calculus proximal to the ureterointestinal junction. RESULTS This technique is of interest when antegrade access is not possible. In our example, after passing the guidewire percutaneously, and externalize it through the stoma, the left meatus was reached with a resectoscope inserted through the ileal duct. After the use of a balloon to prevent migration of the calculus, a retrograde endoureterotomy was performed with a Collins knife and the stone removed. The patient's progress was satisfactory. CONCLUSION Endoscopic management of calculi in patients with intestinal diversion can be performed with different approaches. We recommend retrograde endoureterotomy as a feasible treatment option for the removal of impacted calculi at the ureterointestinal junction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Panach-Navarrete
- Department of Urology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; INCLIVA, Institute for Health Research; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Negueroles-García
- Department of Urology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; INCLIVA, Institute for Health Research; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José María Martínez-Jabaloyas
- Department of Urology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia; INCLIVA, Institute for Health Research; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Olsén L, Brissman A, Wiman S, Eriksson F, Kaj C, Brunius Enlund K. Improved Oral Health and Adaptation to Treatment in Dogs Using Manual or Ultrasonic Toothbrush or Textile of Nylon or Microfiber for Active Dental Home Care. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092481. [PMID: 34573447 PMCID: PMC8469497 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor oral health is a common problem in dogs causing pain and impaired welfare. The gold standard to maintain good oral health and prevent periodontitis is daily tooth brushing. However, many dog owners find it difficult, and dogs often show aversive behavior. There are several different tools available, and in this intra-subject study, four different active dental home care treatment options were examined: manual and ultrasonic toothbrush, a nylon glove, and a microfiber finger cloth. The treatments were evaluated for efficacy against gingivitis, plaque, and calculus in beagle dogs. Each dog received two treatments on the buccal sides of the teeth once daily, either two types of toothbrushes (N = 10) or two types of textiles (N = 11), on separate sides of the mouth. The dogs' teeth were assessed before and after the five-week treatment period, with the assessor blinded by additional, similar dogs (N = 7). The study also assessed the dogs' stress levels during treatment using a fear, anxiety, stress (FAS) protocol. All four treatments improved dog oral health, reducing gingivitis and plaque. Furthermore, the amount of calculus also decreased in some individuals. Adaptation to dental care occurred in the dogs over time. This information can be used to encourage dog owners to brush their dogs' teeth.
Collapse
|
20
|
Rooney NJ, Wonham KL, McIndoe KS, Casey RA, Blackwell EJ, Browne WJ. Weekly and Daily Tooth Brushing by Care Staff Reduces Gingivitis and Calculus in Racing Greyhounds. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1869. [PMID: 34201689 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dental disease affects many dogs worldwide and is believed to be particularly problematic for racing greyhounds. It costs the industry and rehoming charities financially and likely causes unnecessary suffering to a large number of dogs. The risk factors for dental disease in this population are debated, and the best methods to overcome it are relatively unresearched. We carried out a trial in which 160 racing greyhounds were divided into three groups. The staff looking after them either brushed their teeth daily, weekly or never, for a period of two months. An experimenter measured the dog’s level of calculus (hardened dental plaque) and gingivitis (gum inflammation) at the start, and again after two months. We found that both weekly and daily brushing resulted in significant reductions in calculus, but for gingivitis only daily brushing resulted in a significant reduction. The effects, however, were not noticeable on the front incisor teeth. Since the staff implementing the routine reported a minimal time commitment and positive experiences, we suggest that daily brushing is recommended for racing greyhounds, and that emphasis is placed on brushing all teeth groups. Similar trials need to be conducted with retired greyhounds since these have been shown to present particularly high levels of periodontal disease. Abstract Periodontal disease is one of the most common conditions affecting dogs worldwide and is reported to be particularly prevalent in racing greyhounds. A range of potential risk factors have been hypothesised. Previous research has suggested that regular tooth brushing can reduce both calculus and gingivitis, but the frequency required is unclear. Here, we report a controlled blinded in situ trial, in which kennel staff brushed 160 racing greyhounds’ teeth (living at six kennel establishments), either weekly, daily or never over a two-month period. All of the visible teeth were scored for calculus and gingivitis, using previously validated scales. We calculated average scores for each of the three teeth groups and overall whole mouth scores, averaging the teeth groups. Changes were compared to the baseline. After two months, the total calculus scores (controlling for baseline) were significantly different in the three treatment groups, (F(2,129) = 10.76, p < 0.001) with both weekly and daily brushing resulting in significant reductions. Gingivitis was also significantly different between groups (F(2,128) = 4.57, p = 0.012), but in this case, only daily brushing resulted in a significant reduction. Although the dogs in different kennels varied significantly in their levels of both calculus (F(5,129) = 8.64, p < 0.001) and gingivitis (F(5,128) = 3.51 p = 0.005), the intervention was similarly effective in all of the establishments. The teeth groups varied, and the incisors were not significantly affected by the treatment. Since the trainers implementing the routine, reported a minimal time commitment and positive experiences, we suggest that daily brushing is recommended for racing greyhounds, and that any instructions or demonstrations should include attention to all teeth groups including the incisors. Similar trials need to be conducted with retired greyhounds since these have been shown to present particularly high levels of periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
21
|
Scannapieco FA, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Dysbiosis revisited: Understanding the role of the oral microbiome in the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis: A critical assessment. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1071-1078. [PMID: 33902163 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This commentary provides background, historical context, and a critical assessment of the concept that microbial dysbiosis drives the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. It is long known that periodontal pathogenesis is dependent on tooth-borne microbial biofilms (dental plaque) that trigger host inflammation resulting in periodontal destruction and tooth loss in some patients. Ecological principles governing plaque biofilm development, along with localized host responses, are both rooted in evolution. Interpretation of available evidence suggests that, in most patients, alveolar bone loss results from interactions of a highly diverse commensal microbiota with the host, and not from "overgrowth" of a few "pathobionts" that results in a "dysbiosis." Most previously described dysbiotic chronic diseases, for example, inflammatory bowel diseases and dermatitis, are characterized by decreased microbial diversity (likely due to frank overgrowth of one or a few microbial taxa). Most common forms of periodontitis do not appear to conform to this general principle, and the associated microbiome in fact almost always shows increased bacterial diversity compared with periodontal health. This diversity is driven by interactions of genetic and environmental factors working in concert within specific windows of time. Periodontal pathogenesis is likely the result of "personalized pathology," insofar as each patient likely has a variable constellation of microbes and host risk factors influencing specific tissue sites where disease activity occurs, and during a limited window of time (a tissue-destructive "burst"). The concept of cooperative virulence of higher abundance commensals in periodontal pathogenesis, which does not conform to the model of dysbiosis observed for other diseases, is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Scannapieco
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Periodontology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xie F, Cai Y, Huang L, Hao J, Ling T, Richard SA. Obstructive ureteric calculus with superimposed infections causing reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25589. [PMID: 33879719 PMCID: PMC8078273 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a clinicoradiological phenomenon first observed 2 decades ago. Reversibility is the hallmark of this rare clinical phenomenon once the triggering pathology is aptly and adequately treated. Tinnitus preceding bilateral hearing loss as a symptomatology of RPLS has not been reported in the literature. Furthermore, chronic obstructive ureteric calculus with superimposed infections as a cause of RPLS has not been reported in the literature. PATIENT CONCERNS A 57-year-old female was admitted at our facility because of 2 days history of hearing loss in both ears. She experienced tinnitus in both ears 2 weeks prior to the hearing loss. She is a known hypertensive. She has also undergone multiple surgical treatments for urinary calculi. DIAGNOSIS Computed tomography (CT) scan of the urinary system revealed a calculus at the right ureter. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormal signals at both temporo-parieto-occipital (TPO) cortices, the subcortical area, as well as the left hippocampus which was consistent with the diagnosis of RPLS. INTERVENTIONS While on antibiotics for treatment of infections, the patient went into hypertensive encephalopathy and pneumonia was also established necessitating intensive care. OUTCOMES We observed a resolution of the patient's temperature and hypertension when the right ureteric stone finally descended into the bladder. Also, we observed disappearance of the abnormal signals at both TPO cortices, the subcortical area, as well as the left hippocampus. Two years follow-up revealed no recurrence of her symptomatology. LESIONS Patients who present with hypertensive encephalopathy maybe more prone to developing RPLS. Renal insufficiency alone or hypertension alone may not be single predisposing entities to RPLS but rather multiple predisposing factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Ziyang, No. 66, Rende west road, Ziyang, 641300, Sichuan, PR China
| | | | | | - Seidu A. Richard
- Department of Medicine, Princefield University, P.O. Box MA 128, Ho-Volta Region, Ghana, West Africa
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Assunção GSM, Ocarino NM, Sofal LC, Serakides R. Dentinal Lesions in Dogs with Dental Calculus. J Comp Pathol 2021; 185:8-17. [PMID: 34119235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Histopathological changes in tooth structures in dogs with calculus have not been described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of various histopathological changes in the dentine of teeth that had been surgically extracted from dogs with calculus. Data including breed, sex, age, reason for tooth extraction and dental history were obtained for each animal. A total of 158 teeth (45 incisors, 31 canines, 35 premolars and 47 molars) with calculus were extracted from 74 dogs of various ages and breeds. The teeth were decalcified, processed in paraffin wax and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histopathological analysis. Of the 158 analysed teeth, 71 had dentinal changes, including 45 with external resorption cavities, 11 with osteodentine, six with internal resorption cavities, four with tertiary dentine, four with dentinal degeneration or fragmentation, and one with predentine degeneration or fragmentation. Canine teeth were the least commonly affected. Areas of dentinal degeneration or fragmentation unrelated to resorption cavities were only seen in the incisor and molar teeth. Dentinal changes and their frequencies were similar among the incisor, premolar and molar teeth. The presence or extension of dental calculus was not associated with the type or frequency of dentinal changes.
Collapse
|
24
|
Palomo M. New insight into the origins of the calculus war. Ann Sci 2021; 78:22-40. [PMID: 32684104 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2020.1794038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The consensus today is that both Newton and Leibniz created calculus independently. Yet, this was not so clear at the beginning of the eighteenth century. A bitter controversy took place at that time, which came to be known as the 'calculus war', probably the greatest clash in the history of science. While it is accepted that the debate started when Fatio de Duillier publicly accused Leibniz of plagiarism in 1699, earlier evidence of its origins can be found in an exchange of letters between Leibniz and Huygens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Palomo
- Faculty of Philosophy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mehra K, Manikandan R, Dorairajan LN, Sreenivasan Kodakkattil S, Kalra S. Effect of Ureteral Stent Length and Position of Stent Coil in Bladder on Stent-Related Symptoms and Quality of Life of Patients. Cureus 2020; 12:e11669. [PMID: 33391907 PMCID: PMC7769726 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Various standardized questionnaires can evaluate ureteral stent-related symptoms. The present study utilized a validated instrument, Ureteral Stent Symptoms Questionnaire (USSQ), to know the impact of the length of double J stent (DJS) in comparison to ureter length on patients and their quality of living. Materials and Method: This study is a prospective clinical study conducted in the Department of Urology at a tertiary care center in South India. Patients who underwent DJS after endoscopic ureteral lithotripsy were included in the study. On a computerized tomography scan, the ureteral to stent length ratio (USR) was calculated. USSQ scores at the time of DJS removal and two weeks thereafter were recorded. The distal coil of the stent in the bladder was recorded as grade 1 - not crossing the midline and grade 2 - crossing the midline. Different symptom scores were compared between both grades of bladder coil and for USR of all the patients. Result: A total of 157 patients were included in the study. Over 46 (29.3%) patients had grade-1 and 111 (70.7%) had grade-2 bladder coil. Totally 93 (59.23%) patients reported pain, while 64 (40.77%) patients had no pain. Grade-2 coil patients had more pain than grade 1 (P=0.01). There was a weak inverse relationship between the USR and urinary symptom (P=0.004), pain symptom (P=0.04), and quality of work (P=0.005). Conclusion: Stent length or position of the intravesical stent coil does not appear to affect the quality of life except for the pain. Hence, choosing stent length according to ureteral length seems to have a minimal role in decreasing stent-related morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Mehra
- Urology and Renal Transplantation, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, IND
| | - Ramanitharan Manikandan
- Urology and Renal Transplantation, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, IND
| | - Lalgudi N Dorairajan
- Urology and Renal Transplantation, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, IND
| | | | - Sidhartha Kalra
- Urology and Renal Transplantation, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, IND
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hong I, Lee HG, Keum HL, Kim MJ, Jung UW, Kim K, Kim SY, Park T, Kim HJ, Kim JJ, Sul WJ, An S, Cha JK. Clinical and Microbiological Efficacy of Pyrophosphate Containing Toothpaste: A Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1806. [PMID: 33212981 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dental calculus works as a niche wherein pathogenic bacteria proliferate in the oral cavity. Previous studies revealed the anticalculus activity of pyrophosphates, however there was no clinical study that evaluated microbiome changes associated with calculus inhibition. Therefore, the aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the calculus inhibition of pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste and its effect on oral microbiome changes. (2) Methods: Eighty subjects with a calculus index ≥2 on the lingual of the mandibular anterior tooth were randomly allocated to the test group that pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste was given to or the placebo control group. Full mouth debridement and standardized tooth brushing instruction were given before the allocation. Plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were measured at the baseline, and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Genomic DNA was extracted from the plaque samples collected at the baseline and at 12 weeks, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing was applied for microbiome analysis. (3) Results: None of the clinical parameters showed significant differences by visits or groups, except the plaque index of the test group, which reduced significantly between 4 and 12 weeks. A significant difference of microbiome between the baseline and 12 weeks was observed in the test group. Between baseline and 12 weeks, the proportion of Spirochetes decreased in the control group, and the proportions of Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Spirochetes in the phylum level and the proportions of Haemophilus, Fusobacterium and Capnocytophaga in the genus level decreased in the test group. In the test group, as plaque index decreased, Streptococcus increased, and Fusobacterium and Haemophilus parainfluenza decreased. (4) Conclusion: The use of pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste effectively inhibited the dysbiosis of the oral microbiome and the proliferation of pathogenic species in periodontal disease. Clinically, plaque formation in the pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste group was effectively decreased, however there was no significant change in calculus deposition.
Collapse
|
27
|
Timchenko E, Timchenko P, Volova L, Frolov O, Zibin M, Bazhutova I. Raman Spectroscopy of Changes in the Tissues of Teeth with Periodontitis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E876. [PMID: 33126522 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of experimental studies of the tissues of teeth with periodontitis, using the Raman spectroscopy method, are presented in this work. Spectral changes in the tissues of teeth with periodontitis were identified, and the results can be used for the correction of treatment of this disease in dental practice. Criteria for the noninvasive diagnosis of periodontitis, based on changes in tooth enamel spectral properties, were developed.
Collapse
|
28
|
Tee M, Lustre II C, Abrilla A, Afos IE, Cañal JP. Prevalence of Urolithiasis by Ultrasonography Among Patients with Gout: A Cross-Sectional Study from the UP-Philippine General Hospital. Res Rep Urol 2020; 12:423-431. [PMID: 33062621 PMCID: PMC7524187 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s268700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT While urolithiasis is epidemiologically and mechanistically linked to gout, urologic stone disease is not actively investigated in gout patients. Prevalence estimates on the coexistence of urolithiasis in gout have mostly relied on clinical history alone. PURPOSE To estimate the prevalence of urolithiasis among adult Filipinos with primary gout through clinical history and ultrasonography. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with primary gout were consecutively enrolled from outpatient clinics of the University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General Hospital. Clinical data including sex; current age; age at diagnosis, duration of and attack frequency of gout; comorbidities such as hypertension, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia; personal history of urolithiasis; family history of gout; presence of tophus and laboratory samples to assess general kidney function, serum uric acid level, and urine pH were obtained from each patient who was subsequently subjected to ultrasonographic examination for urolithiasis. Lithiasic and non-lithiasic patients were identified and compared aggregately in terms of the aforementioned features. RESULTS We recruited 121 patients, 86.8% of whom are male, and 37 (30.6%; 95% CI=23.1-39.3%) were identified to have urolithiasis of which only 12 (9.9%) had history consistent with urolithiasis and 30 (24.8%) were diagnosed solely through ultrasonography. None of the variables of interest were found to be statistically associated (P>0.05) with urologic stone formation. CONCLUSION Urolithiasis among adult Filipino patients with primary gout was found to be more prevalent in this study than previous estimates, which were based only on clinical history. We discovered that 25/37 (67.6%) of patients with urolithiasis denied history of urologic stone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ceferino Lustre II
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Aedrian Abrilla
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ivy Elline Afos
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Johanna Patricia Cañal
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yin Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Jiang X, An W, Yin L, Yu L. Factors related to residual gallbladder calculi formation using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging combined with clinical data. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520958968. [PMID: 32962472 PMCID: PMC7517991 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520958968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate risk factors related to remnant gallbladder (RGB) stones. Methods This retrospective study included 73 patients with RGB, in groups with and without RGB calculi. Univariate analyses were used to identify nine variables associated with RGB calculi: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), time to detection, surgical method, length of RGB, angle of RGB and common hepatic duct (CHD), choledocholithiasis, and remnant cholecystitis. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess independent predictors of RGB stones. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate model accuracy and determine cut-off values of independent predictors. Results We enrolled 73 patients, 33 with and 40 without RGB stones. Univariate analyses showed that age, BMI, time to detection, length of RGB, angle of RGB and CHD were predictors for RGB calculi. Multivariate analyses indicated that time to detection, length of RGB, and angle of RGB and CHD were independent predictors for RGB calculi. The area under the ROC curve of the model was 0.940. Cut-off values of the three indicators were 1.5 years, 2.25 cm, and 22.5°, respectively. Conclusion Time to detection, length of RGB, and angle of RGB and CHD were independent predictors of RGB calculi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zudong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhangzhu Li
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangsen Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei An
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumar L, Arya MC. Giant Vesical Calculus with Adenocarcinoma of the Bladder: A Rare Association. J Endourol Case Rep 2020; 6:83-85. [PMID: 32775685 DOI: 10.1089/cren.2019.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A giant vesical calculus is one weighing >100 g. A long-standing vesical calculus can be associated with squamous cell carcinoma of bladder. Case Presentation: In this study, we report an unusual association of giant vesical calculus (weight 570 g) with adenocarcinoma of urinary bladder in a young man. We could find only two such cases in the literature. Conclusion: Rarity of the association of giant vesical calculus and adenocarcinoma of the bladder and their management issues warrant this presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kumar
- Minimal Invasive Laparoscopic and Robotic Fellow, Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.,Department of Urology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, India
| | - Mukesh Chandra Arya
- Minimal Invasive Laparoscopic and Robotic Fellow, Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.,Department of Urology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Creatinine clearance is a tenet of nephrology practice. However, with just a single creatinine concentration included in the denominator of the creatinine clearance equation, the resulting value seems to apply only in the steady state. Does the basic clearance formula work in the nonsteady state, and can it recapitulate the kinetic glomerular filtration rate (GFR) equation? In the kinetic state, a nonlinear creatinine trajectory is reducible into a “true average” value that can be found using calculus, proceeding from a differential equation based on the mass balance principle. Using the fundamental theorem of calculus, we prove definitively that the true average is the correct creatinine to divide by, even as the mathematical model accommodates clinical complexities such as volume change and other factors that affect creatinine kinetics. The true average of a creatinine versus time function between 2 measured creatinine values is found by a definite integral. To use the true average to compute kinetic GFR, 2 techniques are demonstrated, a graphical one and a numerical one. We apply this concept to a clinical case of an individual with acute kidney injury requiring dialysis; despite the effects of hemodialysis on serum creatinine concentration, kinetic GFR was able to track the underlying kidney function and provided critical information regarding kidney function recovery. Finally, a prior concept of the maximum increase in creatinine per day is made more clinically objective. Thus, the clearance paradigm applies to the nonsteady state as well when the true average creatinine is used, providing a fundamentally valid strategy to deduce kinetic GFRs from serum creatinine trends occurring in real-life acute kidney injury and kidney recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon Chen
- Section of Nephrology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Address for Correspondence: Sheldon Chen, MD, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1468, Houston, TX 77230-1402.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nesheiwat Z, Sheikh T, Patel D, Burmeister C, Balla M. Obstructing Pancreatic Ductal Calculus: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2020; 12:e7730. [PMID: 32432008 PMCID: PMC7233929 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic calculi are typically a sequela of chronic pancreatitis. Here, we present a patient who was found to have an obstructing one-centimeter pancreatic calculus secondary to recurrent gallstone pancreatitis. Recent retrospective studies have focused on the optimal treatment of large pancreatic calculi that were defined as greater than five millimeters. But most studies fail to comment on much larger stone as in this case report. Further guidelines and investigation need to be done aiming toward the optimal treatment of relatively large pancreatic stones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid Nesheiwat
- Cardiology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, USA
| | - Taha Sheikh
- Internal Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, USA
| | - Dipen Patel
- Internal Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, USA
| | | | - Mamtha Balla
- Internal Medicine, Promedical Toledo Hospital, Toledo, USA.,Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tretiakow D, Skorek A, Ryl J, Wysocka J, Darowicki K. Ultrastructural analysis of the submandibular sialoliths: Raman spectroscopy and electron back-scatter studies. Ultrastruct Pathol 2020; 44:219-226. [PMID: 32252577 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2020.1744784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of work was the epidemiological analysis of the occurrence of sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland in adults and the evaluation of the ultrastructure of salivary stones. The study sample consisted of 44 sialoliths. Analysis of the structure and chemical composition of sialoliths was performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope and Raman Spectroscopy. Comparing our results with the literature we can say that the epidemiology of sialolithiasis has not changed significantly over the past 50 years. A wide variety of sialoliths structure was observed. In 75% (33) cases a layered structure of salivary stones was observed, while in 25% (11) - homogeneous structure. The various distribution of organic and inorganic components was observed among all the analyzed sialoliths. Raman spectroscopy allows for preliminary analysis of the sialoliths structure with only a qualitative assessment of their composition, which significantly reduces the research value of this method. The presence of organic and inorganic compounds in the core and inner layers of the salivary glands stones confirms 2 basic theories of the formation of sialoliths: inflammation and deposition of the inorganic component as a result of disruption of saliva flow in the salivary glands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Tretiakow
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Skorek
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Department of Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Wysocka
- Department of Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Darowicki
- Department of Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kamath SU, Patil B, Patwardhan SK. To study the incidence and preintervention factors associated with acute kidney injury in patients diagnosed with ureteric calculi. Urol Ann 2019; 11:380-384. [PMID: 31649457 PMCID: PMC6798290 DOI: 10.4103/ua.ua_96_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the incidence and factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients presenting with ureteric calculi. We also intend to study the impact of time delay since first symptom to presentation to our hospital among patients with ureteric calculi and its influence on AKI. Material and Method: The study is a prospective observational study and included all symptomatic ureteric calculi patients. AKI was defined as per the KDIGO guidelines. All the patients diagnosed with ureteric calculi were grouped into those having an episode of AKI and those without an episode on AKI. Results: The incidence of AKI in our study was 14.63% (18 patients) among 123 patients of ureteric calculi. Average time delay from time of diagnosis to presentation among patients with AKI was 31.7±6.2 days (mean ± S.D) as compared to 19.5±5.7 (mean ± S.D) days among all cases. Factors which were significantly associated with AKI in patients with ureteric calculi include time delay, diabetes mellitus, bilateral ureteric calculi, stone size greater than 10 mm, solitary functioning kidney and urine culture showing gram negative growth. Fifty percent of the AKI group eventual required nephrectomy of one renal unit. Conclusion: This study will help us streamline our resources predominantly towards those patients who present with factors associated with increased risk of AKI. As the time delay to presentation in patients with AKI with ureteric calculi is significantly higher, it is imperative to counsel patients with stone disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheshang Uday Kamath
- Department of Urology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhushan Patil
- Department of Urology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abbass MM, Rady D, Radwan IA, El Moshy S, AbuBakr N, Ramadan M, Yussif N, Al Jawaldeh A. The occurrence of periodontal diseases and its correlation with different risk factors among a convenient sample of adult Egyptian population: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:1740. [PMID: 32494356 PMCID: PMC7236581 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20310.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Even though extensive studies on the prevalence of periodontal diseases in various populations worldwide have been carried out, data for the Egyptian population is limited. The present study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence and the severity of periodontal disease and its correlation with different risk factors. Methods: Periodontal examination was performed on 343 adults attending the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, as well as three private clinics. Socio-demographic data, brushing frequency, body mass index (BMI) and dietary habits were recorded using a questionnaire. Results: It was found that 58.9% of participants had calculus deposits. The occurrence of periodontitis was 89.8%, where 70.8% of participants had stage I and 15.2% had stage II, while only 4.4% and 2.05% suffered from stage III and stage IV, respectively. Calculus was positively correlated with age, grains, and sugar in drinks and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status, education level, brushing frequency and milk. Calculus was not correlated with gender and BMI. Periodontitis was positively correlated with age, carbohydrates other than bread, grains, and crackers, as well as caffeinated drinks, while negatively correlated with gender, socioeconomic status, brushing frequency. Periodontitis was not correlated with BMI or education level. Conclusion: The present study clarifies that age, brushing frequency, carbohydrates and caffeinated drinks consumption are significant factors influencing the occurrence and the severity of periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M.S. Abbass
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen AbuBakr
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ramadan
- Specialized Dental Hospital, Armed Forces Medical Complex, Kobry El Qobba, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin Yussif
- Periodontology Department, MSA University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abbass MMS, Rady D, Radwan IA, El Moshy S, AbuBakr N, Ramadan M, Yussif N, Al Jawaldeh A. The occurrence of periodontal diseases and its correlation with different risk factors among a convenient sample of adult Egyptian population: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:1740. [PMID: 32494356 PMCID: PMC7236581 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20310.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Even though extensive studies on the prevalence of periodontal diseases in various populations worldwide have been carried out, data for the Egyptian population is limited. The present study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence and the severity of periodontal disease and its correlation with different risk factors. Methods: Periodontal examination was performed on 343 adults attending the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, as well as three private clinics. Socio-demographic data, brushing frequency, body mass index (BMI) and dietary habits were recorded using a questionnaire. Results: It was found that 58.9% of participants had calculus deposits. The occurrence of periodontitis was 89.8%, where 70.8% of participants had stage I and 15.2% had stage II, while only 4.4% and 2.05% suffered from stage III and stage IV, respectively. Calculus was positively correlated with age, grains, and sugar in drinks and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status, education level, brushing frequency and milk. Calculus was not correlated with gender and BMI. Periodontitis was positively correlated with age, carbohydrates other than bread, grains, and crackers, as well as caffeinated drinks, while negatively correlated with gender, socioeconomic status, brushing frequency. Periodontitis was not correlated with BMI or education level. Conclusion: The present study clarifies that age, brushing frequency, carbohydrates and caffeinated drinks consumption are significant factors influencing the occurrence and the severity of periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M S Abbass
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen AbuBakr
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ramadan
- Specialized Dental Hospital, Armed Forces Medical Complex, Kobry El Qobba, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin Yussif
- Periodontology Department, MSA University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hunprasit V, Schreiner PJ, Bender JB, Lulich JP. Epidemiologic evaluation of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in dogs in the United States: 2010-2015. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:2090-2095. [PMID: 31471926 PMCID: PMC6766490 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive health implications of early recognition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis include increased opportunity for nonsurgical removal, early dietary modification to minimize urolith growth, early removal to avoid urinary obstruction, and early recognition of genetic and metabolic diseases before they contribute to additional morbidity. OBJECTIVES To identify high- and low-risk dog breeds for CaOx uroliths and to determine the relationship of age and sex to the development of CaOx uroliths. ANIMALS Calcium oxalate urolith submissions between 2010 and 2015. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to identify high- and low-risk breeds for CaOx uroliths by comparing cases to multiple comparison groups. At-risk breeds were identified if odds ratios were significant (P value <.05) across all comparison groups. RESULTS Of 258 898 urolith submissions, 124 285 were CaOx. Calcium oxalate was identified in 212 breeds. Twelve breeds were identified as high-risk breeds, and 14 breeds were identified as low-risk breeds. All high-risk breeds were small dog breeds, and all low-risk breeds were medium to large dog breeds. Overall, the mean age ± standard deviation of the first CaOx urolith was 8.4 ± 2.8 years. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE To achieve the health benefits of preclinical evaluation, breeds at high risk for CaOx urolithiasis should be screened at 5 to 6 years of age, which is 2 to 3 years before likely development of clinical urolithiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vachira Hunprasit
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jeffrey B Bender
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jody P Lulich
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Profili F, Sparabombe S, Tawse Smith A, D'Isidoro O, Quaranta A. The effect of miniaturized manual versus mechanical instruments on calculus removal and root surface characteristics: An in vitro light microscopic study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:519-527. [PMID: 31687186 PMCID: PMC6820583 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate by light microscopy analysis the effect of the use of miniaturised piezoelectric tips versus mini‐five area specific curets on calculus removal and postoperative root surface alterations. Methods A total of 20 extracted teeth were used. Two square surfaces (5×5 mm) were marked on each root surface with a diamond bur mounted on a high‐speed handpiece. Before and after instrumentation, a series of magnified images (4.2×) of each experimental surface were taken with a standardized approach. According to a randomization list, the two surfaces on each sample were instrumented in a standardised fashion either with a mine‐five curet or a slim piezoelectric tip. The images were processed using an imaging software. Data were summarised as means and standard deviations for the two outcomes (calculus and alterations.) at each time (pre and post) for both of the groups (manual and mechanical). Results Both manual and mechanical instrumentation significantly reduced the calculus deposits (p < .001) without significant differences between the two groups. Both manual and mechanical treatments significantly increased alterations (p < .01). There was a statistically significant evidence of a greater increase in alterations from mechanical treatment. Conclusions Slim mechanical piezoelectric tips and manual mini‐five area‐specific curets have similar effects on calculus removal. Manual instrumentation results in a more homogeneous postoperative root surface with less root alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Scilla Sparabombe
- School of Dental Hygiene Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy
| | - Andrew Tawse Smith
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | | | - Alessandro Quaranta
- Discipline of Periodontics and Implantology, School of Dentistry and Oral Health Griffith University Gold Coast QLD Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen X, Ye W, Zhan JY, Wang X, Tai BJ, Hu DY, Lin HC, Wang B, Si Y, Wang CX, Zheng SG, Liu XN, Rong WS, Wang WJ, Feng XP. Periodontal Status of Chinese Adolescents: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey. Chin J Dent Res 2019; 21:195-203. [PMID: 30255170 DOI: 10.3290/j.cjdr.a41075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the periodontal health status and associated factors of adolescents aged 12 to 15 years old in China. METHODS A cross-sectional national oral health survey was conducted in 2015-2016. The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select participants in all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland of China. Each participant received a clinical assessment including periodontal bleeding and calculus, and 15-year-old adolescents received additional examinations including for periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss, using the latest criteria from the Oral Health Survey Basic Methods, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A self-answered structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data of background information and associated risk factors. RESULTS A total of 118,514 adolescents (14.0 ± 1.09 years old) completed all the oral examinations and the questionnaire. The prevalence of periodontal bleeding and calculus was 61.0% and 67.3% respectively. In the group of 15 year olds, 6.5% adolescents had periodontal pocket and 0.5% had attachment loss. Molars were often involved and, furthermore, calculus also occurred on lower incisors. The periodontal status of adolescents became worse as they grew up. The condition of girls was significantly better than boys. CONCLUSION This survey illustrated a brief picture of periodontal status of adolescents in China showing that gingival bleeding and calculus were very common and frequent. Further actions on oral health education were necessary, especially for those in lower socio-economic classes.
Collapse
|
40
|
Borofsky MS, Williams JC, Dauw CA, Cohen A, Evan AC, Coe FL, Worcester E, Lingeman JE. Association Between Randall's Plaque Stone Anchors and Renal Papillary Pits. J Endourol 2019; 33:337-342. [PMID: 30793930 DOI: 10.1089/end.2018.0589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renal papillary pits are commonly encountered during ureteroscopy. The mechanism by which such pits arise is unclear. One hypothesis is that pits represent sites where stones overgrowing Randall's plaque (RP) were dislodged. We sought to examine this theory by using digital ureteroscopy and stone μCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients undergoing endoscopic stone removal had procedures recorded and stones analyzed by using μCT. Stones with evidence of Randall's plaque anchors (RPAs) were identified in a blinded fashion. Surgical videos were reviewed independently by two urologists. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients had μCT-confirmed stones with RPA. Among them, 93% were recurrent stone formers and 75% had had prior stone procedures. Metabolic abnormalities were present in 87%, with 79% classified as idiopathic calcium oxalate stone formers. A mean of 7.6 stones with RPA were identified per procedure. In each case, papillary pits were visualized before any stone manipulation and in several cases the active dislodgement of an attached stone led to immediate identification of an underlying pit. Such stones routinely demonstrated an RPA on μCT. The average depth of RPA was 302 ± 172 μm, consistent with the corresponding shallow pits visualized on the papillary surface. CONCLUSIONS Stones overgrowing RP are capable of pulling away a piece of papilla when dislodged, resulting in a visible papillary pit. This process manifests as an RPA on the undersurface of the stone and a papillary pit on the corresponding area of attachment. Identification of pits may help identify patients who form stones primarily by the RP mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Borofsky
- 1 Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - James C Williams
- 2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Casey A Dauw
- 3 Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew Cohen
- 4 Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew C Evan
- 2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Fredric L Coe
- 5 Department of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elaine Worcester
- 5 Department of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James E Lingeman
- 6 Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Partido BB, Webb CA, Carr MP. Comparison of calculus detection among dental hygienists using an explorer and ultrasonic insert. Int J Dent Hyg 2019; 17:192-198. [PMID: 30714331 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontal therapy disrupts the biofilm harbouring calculus that triggers inflammation. The explorer is primarily used for calculus detection, and the ultrasonic instrument is primarily used for calculus removal. The efficiency in dental hygiene care may improve if the ultrasonic instrument could be used in both calculus detection and removal. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to validate the effectiveness of calculus detection between the Thinsert® ultrasonic insert and the 11/12 explorer. METHODS Upon IRB approval, this validation study involved three dental hygiene faculty from the Ohio State University Dental Hygiene Program and 30 patient participants from the Ohio State University community. Using both instruments, calculus was evaluated on Ramfjord index teeth and on four possible surfaces per tooth. Data were analysed to evaluate for interrater reliability, intrarater reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS For interrater reliability, the average measure of intraclass coefficient (ICC) value was 0.782 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.749-0.810 (F(1439, 2878) = 4.852, P < 0.01). For intrarater reliability, mean Kappa averages were in the full agreement range (κ = 0.726, n = 2160, P < 0.01). When using the Thinsert® for calculus detection, the sensitivity was 75%, specificity was 97%, PPV was 81%, and NPV was 94%. CONCLUSION Since calculus evaluation was comparable when using the ODU 11/12 explorer and the Thinsert®, efforts can be focused on developing the tactile sensitivity when using the Thinsert® ultrasonic instrument in the assessment, treatment, and maintenance of periodontal disease and the support of oral health. The efficiency in dental hygiene care may improve by using the Thinsert® ultrasonic instrument in both the detection and removal of calculus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian B Partido
- Division of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chadleo A Webb
- Division of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michele P Carr
- Division of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mi J, Yin Z, Zhang X, Han W, Jiang X, Wang C, Li X, Li Z, Yu L, Yin L, Cheng L. Study of non-contrast helical computed tomography in evaluating holmium laser lithotripsy for urinary calculus. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4585-4589. [PMID: 30542408 PMCID: PMC6257793 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between the parameters of non-contrast helical computed tomography (NCHCT) and the total energy of holmium laser lithotripsy, and establish a correlative mathematical model. From March 2016 to February 2017, 120 patients with a single urinary calculus were examined by NCHCT prior to holmium laser lithotripsy. The calculus location was confirmed, the CT value was measured and the volume of the calculus in the established three-dimensional reconstruction model was calculated. The total energy of lithotripsy (TEL) was recorded post-operatively. A significant difference in the TEL between renal calculi and ureteral calculi was identified (P<0.001) and a high and significant correlation between the volume of the calculus and the TEL was determined (Spearman r=0.827, P<0.001). A moderate correlation was identified between the CT value of the calculus and the TEL (Spearman r=0.468, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the location, the volume and the CT value of the calculus were independently associated with the TEL (F=288.858, adjusted R2=0.879, P<0.01). A mathematical model correlating the parameters of NCHCT with the TEL was established, which may provide a foundation to guide the use of energy in holmium laser lithotripsy, and it was possible to estimate the TEL by the location, the volume and the CT value of the calculus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mi
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Zudong Yin
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Wushi Han
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Xiangsen Jiang
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Changbin Wang
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobao Li
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Zhangzhu Li
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Liang Yin
- CT Department, Medical Imaging Center, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Analyzing relationships of necessity is important for both scholarly and applied research questions in the social sciences. An often-used technique for identifying such relationships-fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA)-has limited ability to make the most out of the data used. The set-theoretical technique fsQCA makes statements in kind (e.g., "a condition or configuration is necessary or not for an outcome"), thereby ignoring the variation in degree. We propose to apply a recently developed technique for identifying relationships of necessity that can make both statements in kind and in degree, thus making full use of variation in the data: Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). With its ability to also make statements in degree ("a specific level of a condition is necessary or not for a specific level of the outcome"), NCA can complement the in kind analysis of necessity with fsQCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vis
- Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Dul
- Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang VB, Curtis DA, Fried D. Cross-polarization reflectance imaging of root caries and dental calculus on extracted teeth at wavelengths from 400 to 2350 nm. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201800113. [PMID: 29952066 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The identification of root caries and calculus on tooth roots is of increasing importance with our aging population. Exposed root surfaces are often impacted by erosion, abrasion, calculus and staining which can make the identification and management of caries challenging. Identification of dental calculus on root surfaces and verification of its removal is also important for patient education and to decrease susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to determine how the contrast of root caries lesions and dental calculus varies with wavelength in the visible to near-infrared. The contrast of suspected root caries lesions and dental calculus on 30 extracted teeth was measured using cross-polarization reflectance measurements at wavelengths from 400 to 2350 nm. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) lesion contrast was measured at wavelengths greater than 1460 nm. Stains interfered significantly at wavelengths less than 850 nm yielding non-diagnostic contrast for root caries lesions. We postulate that the high absorption of water at longer wavelengths reduced the light scattering from the surrounding and underlying normal dentin, thus increasing the lesion contrast. This study indicates that wavelengths beyond 1400 nm are advantageous for imaging calculus and caries lesions on root surfaces due to the high contrast and lack of interference from stain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent B Yang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Donald A Curtis
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel Fried
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Massoudi R, Metzner TJ, Bonneau B, Ngo TC, Shinghal R, Leppert JT. Preclinical Testing of a Combination Stone Basket and Ureteral Balloon to Extract Ureteral Stones. J Endourol 2017; 32:96-99. [PMID: 29216731 DOI: 10.1089/end.2017.0626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed the Peralta Stone Extraction System to increase the safety of ureteral stone extraction. The device combines a nitinol stone basket and low-pressure balloon into a single device. After visualization, the stone is captured in the tipless nitinol basket and enveloped by a low-pressure balloon. We tested the performance of device prototypes in a porcine model using stone mimics with diameters ranging from 4.2 to 6.2 mm. Stones extracted with the device required less force when compared with stones in a standard ureteral stone basket. The force reduction was most pronounced for stones greater than 4.2 mm in diameter, and when traversing a ureteral stenosis model. In conclusion, a combination stone basket and balloon device may provide a new and safer way to extract ureteral stones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rustin Massoudi
- 1 Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Thomas J Metzner
- 1 Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Buzz Bonneau
- 2 Calcula Technologies , San Francisco, California
| | - Tin C Ngo
- 1 Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California.,3 Division of Urology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center , San Jose, California
| | - Rajesh Shinghal
- 4 Division of Urology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation , Palo Alto, California
| | - John T Leppert
- 1 Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California.,5 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Emmott AS, Brotherhood HL, Paterson RF, Lange D, Chew BH. Complications, Re-Intervention Rates, and Natural History of Residual Stone Fragments After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. J Endourol 2017; 32:28-32. [PMID: 29037066 DOI: 10.1089/end.2017.0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The management of residual fragments (RFs) that persist after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been poorly studied. Fragments have the potential to grow or cause symptoms. The aim of this study was to follow patients with fragments after PCNL to identify predictors of stone-related events (re-interventions and complications) after PCNL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent surgery from 2008 to 2013 at our hospital. Patients with fragments of any size on postoperative day 1 computed tomography of the kidney, ureter, and bladder radiograph (CT-KUB) were included, and patients with planned secondary interventions were excluded. Subgroup analysis was performed on subjects with CT-plain X-ray to determine fragment growth or passage. RESULTS Of the 658 patients who received a postoperative CT-KUB on day 1, 299 patients (45%) had fragments that were 1 mm or larger. From this, 263 patients met the study criteria and were included. The size of fragments, using a 4 mm cutoff, did not predict the passage of fragments (p = 0.173) or growth (p = 0.572). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, previous history of renal stones and size of fragment were found to be predictive for stone-related events (p = 0.002 and 0.027, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis identified patients with fragments >4 mm having a shorter survival time before the occurrence of stone-related events (p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS The true stone-free rate was 55% after PCNL. However, 82.5% were stone free or had RFs 4 mm or less, which correlates with previous studies. Larger RFs had higher rates of stone-related events and shorter time to occurrence of stone-related events. The growth and spontaneous passage of RFs was independent of RF size, emphasizing the importance of obtaining a stone-free status after PCNL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S Emmott
- 1 Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hilary L Brotherhood
- 2 Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ryan F Paterson
- 2 Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dirk Lange
- 2 Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ben H Chew
- 2 Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xiang H, Zhang X, Ba X, Wu W. Mucinous cystadenoma with calcification arising from renal pelvis radiologically resembled renal calculus with hydronephrosis: report of a rare case and review of the literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017; 10:8756-8760. [PMID: 31966737 PMCID: PMC6965376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary mucinous cystic tumors occurring in the renal pelvis or the entire pyelocaliceal system are uncommon. Most are mucinous cystadenomas and less frequently mucinous cystadenocarcinomas. In fact, the publications on these neoplasms are limited to a few cases. Because mucinous cystadenomas of kidney are exceedingly rare, little is known about their natural history, pathogenesis and clinicopathologic features. Herein, we describe 1 case of mucinous cystadenoma arising from the renal pelvis with calcification, which resembled hydronephrosis with renal calculus radiologically. The patient presented with a history of intermittent dull pain on the right waist since 10 years ago. He had no history of removing urinary calculus or long-standing chronic infection in urinary system. The histopathology was unique since the inner surface of the cyst was covered by a mucinous epithelium connected to a urothelium, a transition from nonneoplastic urothelium to mucinous epithelium was demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining for GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3). This suggests that mucinous cystadenoma of renal pelvis, like its malignant counterpart, maybe arises in foci of metaplastic mucinous areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoqun Ba
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiqiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to review the management of patients with symptomatic seminal vesicle calculi, from presentation and diagnosis to postoperative outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of the English literature in MEDLINE and Embase was performed, based on the following model: patients with a diagnosis of seminal vesicle calculi; all interventions considered with or without control groups with single and comparator interventions; outcomes considered were incidence, presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment. A narrative synthesis of the data was performed according to PRISMA 2009 guidelines. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42016032971). RESULTS In total, 213 cases of seminal vesicle calculi from 37 studies were identified between 1928 and 2016. Published articles included cohort studies (16), case-control studies (two) and case reports (19). The most likely aetiology was stasis of ejaculate secondary to impaired drainage of secretions from the seminal vesicles. Transrectal ultrasound remains the primary investigation for haematospermia and painful ejaculation; however, magnetic resonance imaging seems to play an increasingly important role, especially when considering surgery. Transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy and lithotripsy is the ideal procedure for small calculi but requires surgical expertise. For larger calculi a transperitoneal laparoscopic approach is safe in the hands of experienced laparoscopic surgeons. CONCLUSIONS Modern imaging techniques and cross-sectional imaging are leading to an increased number of diagnosed cases of seminal vesicle calculi. Optimal treatment depends on the stone size and burden, and centralization of services will assist in the development of specialized centres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arie Parnham
- b Department of Urology , University College London Hospital , London , UK
| | - Raj Nigam
- a Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences , University College London , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mi J, Li J, Zhang Q, Wang X, Liu H, Cao Y, Liu X, Sun X, Shang M, Liu Q. Combining ultrasonography and noncontrast helical computerized tomography to evaluate Holmium laser lithotripsy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5564. [PMID: 27930563 PMCID: PMC5266035 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to establish a mathematical model for correlating the combination of ultrasonography and noncontrast helical computerized tomography (NCHCT) with the total energy of Holmium laser lithotripsy.In this study, from March 2013 to February 2014, 180 patients with single urinary calculus were examined using ultrasonography and NCHCT before Holmium laser lithotripsy. The calculus location and size, acoustic shadowing (AS) level, twinkling artifact intensity (TAI), and CT value were all documented. The total energy of lithotripsy (TEL) and the calculus composition were also recorded postoperatively. Data were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, with the SPSS 17.0 software package. Multiple linear regression was also used for further statistical analysis.A significant difference in the TEL was observed between renal calculi and ureteral calculi (r = -0.565, P < 0.001), and there was a strong correlation between the calculus size and the TEL (r = 0.675, P < 0.001). The difference in the TEL between the calculi with and without AS was highly significant (r = 0.325, P < 0.001). The CT value of the calculi was significantly correlated with the TEL (r = 0.386, P < 0.001). A correlation between the TAI and TEL was also observed (r = 0.391, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the location, size, and TAI of the calculi were related to the TEL, and the location and size were statistically significant predictors (adjusted r = 0.498, P < 0.001).A mathematical model correlating the combination of ultrasonography and NCHCT with TEL was established; this model may provide a foundation to guide the use of energy in Holmium laser lithotripsy. The TEL can be estimated by the location, size, and TAI of the calculus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mi
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Traffic Hospital
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Traffic Hospital
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Traffic Hospital
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Traffic Hospital
| | - Yanlu Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Pulmonology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Shang
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Owens BM, Sharp HK, Fourmy EE, Phebus JG. Effect of occlusal calculus utilized as a potential "biological sealant" in special needs patients with gastric feeding tubes: a qualitative in vitro contrast to pit and fissure sealant restorations. Gen Dent 2016; 64:24-29. [PMID: 27367629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this case report and in vitro investigation was to evaluate the marginal microleakage of intact occlusal calculus of primary molars extracted from a special needs patient who received nutrition via a gastric feeding tube. An adolescent with a history of developmental disturbance presented for routine dental care in a hospital facility. Prophylaxis was performed, and 2 mandibular permanent molars were restored. Five primary molars were extracted due to mobility and delayed retention. Heavy deposits of intact calculus were present on the occlusal surfaces of the primary teeth. The extracted teeth were immersed in methylene blue dye solution, invested in acrylic resin, sectioned into blocks, and photographed at 20× and 40× magnification. Previously photographed calculus-free molars with pit and fissure sealants were reviewed and served as contrasting "restorations." The occlusal calculus on the primary teeth extracted from the patient absorbed the dye, while the comparison teeth containing pit and fissure sealants exhibited varying degrees of marginal dye penetration (microleakage). No marginal microleakage was noted in the calculus specimens, indicating that this substrate may serve as a "natural" occlusal surface sealant and that its removal from occlusal surfaces during routine oral prophylaxis may be unnecessary.
Collapse
|