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Xiang ZD, Guan HD, Zhao X, Xie Q, Cai FJ, Xie ZJ, Dang R, Li ML, Wang CH. Protoberberine alkaloids: A review of the gastroprotective effects, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155444. [PMID: 38367423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stomach diseases have become global health concerns. Protoberberine alkaloids (PBAs) are a group of quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids from abundant natural sources and have been shown to improve gastric disorders in preclinical and clinical studies. The finding that PBAs exhibit low oral bioavailability but potent pharmacological activity has attracted great interest. PURPOSE This review aims to provide a systematic review of the molecular mechanisms of PBAs in the treatment of gastric disorders and to discuss the current understanding of the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of PBAs. METHODS The articles related to PBAs were collected from the Web of Science, Pubmed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases using relevant keywords. The collected articles were screened and categorized according to their research content to focus on the gastroprotective effects, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of PBAs. RESULTS Based on the results of preclinical studies, PBAs have demonstrated therapeutic effects on chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer by activating interleukin-4 (IL-4)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) pathway and suppressing transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. The major PBAs exhibit similar pharmacokinetic properties, including rapid absorption, slow elimination, and low bioavailability. Notably, the natural organ-targeting property of PBAs may account for the finding of their low blood levels and high pharmacological activity. PBAs interact with other compounds, including conventional drugs and natural products, by modulation of metabolic enzymes and transporters. The potential tissue toxicity of PBAs should be emphasized due to their high tissue accumulation. CONCLUSION This review highlights the gastroprotective effects, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of PBAs and will contribute to the evaluation of drug properties and clinical translational studies of PBAs, accelerating their transfer from the laboratory to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Dong Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Da Guan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fu-Jie Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhe-Jun Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Dang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Man-Lin Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chang-Hong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Gungor-Ak A, Turan I, Sayan-Ozacmak H, Karatas A. Chitosan nanoparticles as promising tool for berberine delivery: Formulation, characterization and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Development and Validation of Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Based Bioanalytical Method for Estimation of Simvastatin in Rat's Plasma. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2022; 20:349-358. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Wang S, Zhang T, Liu X, Yang Z, Li L, Shan D, Gao Y, Li Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q. Toxicity and toxicokinetics of the ethanol extract of Zuojin formula. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:220. [PMID: 35971113 PMCID: PMC9377102 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Zuojin formula, a traditional Chinese medicine, comprises Coptis chinensis and Evodia rutaecarpa. In our previous study, the total alkaloid extract from Zuojin formula (TAZF) showed potent and improved efficacy. However, its safety and toxicokinetics remain unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of repeated administrations of TAZF and investigate the internal exposure of the main components and its relationship with toxic symptoms.
Methods
Sprague–Dawley rats were orally administered TAZF at 0.4, 1.2 and 3.7 g/kg for 28 days, which was followed by a 14-day recovery period. The toxic effects were evaluated weekly by assessing body weight changes, food intake, blood biochemistry and haematological indices, organ weights and histological changes. A total of eight components were detected, including berberine, coptisine, epiberberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, evodiamine, and rutaecarpine. The toxicokinetic profiles of the eight components were investigated after single and repeated administrations. Linear mixed effect models were applied to analyse the associations between internal exposure and toxic symptoms. Network pharmacology analysis was applied to explore the potential toxic mechanisms.
Results
Compared with the vehicle group, the rats in the low- and medium-dose groups did not show noticeable abnormal changes, while rats in the high-dose group exhibited inhibition of weight gain, a slight reduction in food consumption, abdominal bloating and atrophy of the splenic white pulp during drug administration. The concentration of berberine in plasma was the highest among all compounds. Epiberberine was found to be associated with the inhibition of weight gain. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the alkaloids might cause abdominal bloating by affecting the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. The benchmark dose lower confidence limits (based on body weight inhibition) of TAZF were 1.27 g/kg (male) and 1.91 g/kg (female).
Conclusions
TAZF has no notable liver or kidney toxicity but carries risks of gastrointestinal and immune toxicity at high doses. Alkaloids from Coptis chinensis are the main plasma components related to the toxic effects of TAZF.
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The drug interaction potential of berberine hydrochloride when co-administered with simvastatin, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, metformin, glimepiride, nateglinide, pioglitazone and sitagliptin in beagles. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Rui R, Yang H, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Xu X, Li C, Liu S. Effects of Berberine on Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:764175. [PMID: 34899318 PMCID: PMC8661030 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an epidemic across the globe[A1], and its morbidity and mortality remain high, involving various complications and poor prognoses. In atherosclerosis, endothelial cells (ECs) dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) migration and proliferation, foam cell formation, and inflammatory cell recruitment contribute to disease progression. Vascular stem cells (VSCs) also play a critical role in the cardiovascular system. Important data showed that the simultaneous increase of proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs is the main cause of graft vein stenosis, suggesting that inhibition of VSMCs proliferation and apoptosis simultaneously is an important strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic stenosis. Complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is growing. Berberine is an extract of Chinese traditional herbs that is known for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in the digestive system. Its underlying anti-CVD mechanisms are currently attracting interest, and its pharmacological actions, such as antioxidation, regulation of neurotransmitters and enzymes, and cholesterol-lowering effects, have been substantiated. Recent studying found that berberine could inhibit both the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs induced by mechanical stretch stress simultaneously, which suggests that berberine might be an excellent drug to treat atherosclerosis. This review will focus on the recent progress of the effect of berberine on vascular cells, especially VSMCs, to provide important data and a new perspective for the application of berberine in anti-atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Rui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haolan Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanke Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaohong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou H, Li W, Sun L, Li W, Liu Q. A rapid LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of berberine and irbesartan in rat plasma: Application to the drug-drug pharmacokinetic interaction study after oral administration in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5144. [PMID: 33880775 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive, reproducible, and specific liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine the concentration of berberine (BBR) and irbesartan in Sprague-Dawley rat plasma, and applied to study the pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction (DDI) between BBR and irbesartan in rats. In this method, diphenhydramine was used as the internal standard, and the liquid-liquid extraction method using ethyl acetate as the extraction agent was used for sample preparation. After extraction, the prepared samples were run on an Agilent Welchrom C18 column with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-acetonitrile-water solution with 0.5% formic acid (45:50:5, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min-1 . The analytes BBR, irbesartan, and diphenhydramine (IS) were detected using multiple reactions monitoring mode, with the ion transitions being m/z 336.1 → m/z 320.0, m/z 429.1 → m/z 206.9, and m/z 256.2 → m/z 167.0, respectively. In the rats' plasma, BBR had good linearity in the range of 0.5-100 ng·mL-1 with the lower limit of quantitation of 0.5 ng·mL-1 , and the accuracy, intra-day, and inter-day precision were less than 12.33%. Irbesartan had good linearity in the range of 20-1200 ng·mL-1 with the lower limit of quantification of 20 ng·mL-1 , and the accuracy, intra-day, and inter-day precision were less than 13.55%. The validated method was verified to meet the determination requirements of biological samples. It was the first time to study the pharmacokinetics of DDI between BBR and irbesartan successfully, which would be necessary and beneficial to explore the clinical safety and efficacy of the combination of BBR and irbesartan in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Wenyue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Wenfang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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A Validated Liquid Chromatographic Method for Berberine Analysis in Tissue and Application. Int J Anal Chem 2020; 2020:8892696. [PMID: 33061977 PMCID: PMC7545417 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8892696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography methods were developed for the determination of berberine (BB) in various rat tissues so as to evaluate a P-gp inhibitor, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), on BB's oral bioavailability. Acetonitrile was used to extract BB from tissues and showed different extraction recoveries in diverse tissues. The intra- and interday precision and accuracy were less than 10%. Long-term stability, pre (post) -preparative stability, and freeze-thaw stability were evaluated, and the results showed it could meet the need of this study. The proposed methods were subsequently applied to investigate the possible drug-drug interaction of GA and BB in vivo from the aspect of tissue distribution. The results showed that no significant difference was found between the group of low dose and high dose at the same time point. The tissue distributions show a saturated model, i.e., the content of BB in tissue tends to be constant while its dose is more than 200 mg/kg. Besides, the contents of BB ranged from high to low according to the order of the liver, kidney, and spleen. The BB content in the liver is especially high as compared to other tissues.
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Khan H, Ullah H, Khattak S, Aschner M, Aguilar CN, Halimi SMA, Cauli O, Shah SMM. Therapeutic potential of alkaloids in autoimmune diseases: Promising candidates for clinical trials. Phytother Res 2020; 35:50-62. [PMID: 32667693 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical investigations have characterized numerous disorders like autoimmune diseases, affecting the population at a rate of approximately 8-10%. These disorders are characterized by T-cell and auto-antibodies responses to self-molecules by immune system reactivity. Several therapeutic options have been adopted in clinics to combat such diseases, however, most of them are recurring. Thus, the discovery of new effective agents for the treatment of autoimmune diseases is paramount. In this context, natural products might be a useful alternative to the current therapies. Plant alkaloids with their substantial therapeutic history can be particularly interesting candidates for the alleviation of autoimmune ailments. This review encompasses various alkaloids with significant effects against autoimmune diseases in preclinical trials. These results suggest further clinical assessment with respect to autoimmune illnesses. Furthermore, the application of modern technologies such as nanoformulation could be also helpful in the design of more effective therapies and thus further studies are needed to decipher their therapeutic efficacy as well as potential limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan university Mardan, Pakistan, Mardan, Pakistan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sumaira Khattak
- Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan university Mardan, Pakistan, Mardan, Pakistan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cristobal N Aguilar
- School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Saltillo, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Syed M A Halimi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Omar Cauli
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Syed M M Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi Pakistan, Swabi, Pakistan
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A rapid method for simultaneous quantification of berberine, berbamine, magnoflorine and berberrubine in mouse serum using UPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1142:122040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Chu C, Lian L, Liu C, Li J, Mao H, Jiang L, Yan J. Online preconcentration by electrokinetic supercharging for sensitive determination of berberine and jatrorrhizine in biological samples. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4824. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Linmin Lian
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Caijing Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Hui Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Luyi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical ScienceZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou P.R. China
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Chen R, Lu M, Tu X, Sun W, Ye W, Ma J, Wen C, Wang X, Geng P. Pharmacokinetics of panasenoside in rats and tissue distribution in mice by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Mengrou Lu
- Cellular Biomedicine Group (Shanghai), Inc., 333 Guiping Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiaoting Tu
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weijian Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
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Han A, Lin G, Cai J, Wu Q, Geng P, Ma J, Wang X, Lin C. Pharmacokinetic study on hirsutine and hirsuteine in rats using UPLC–MS/MS. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2017.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Guanyang Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinzhang Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chongliang Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Li Y, Wu Y, Li YJ, Meng L, Ding CY, Dong ZJ. Effects of Silymarin on the In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of Simvastatin and Its Active Metabolite in Rats. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24091666. [PMID: 31035343 PMCID: PMC6540003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the effect of silymarin pretreatment on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin in rats was evaluated. To ensure the accuracy of the results, a rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was established for simultaneous quantification of simvastatin (SV) and its active metabolite simvastatin acid (SVA). This method was applied for studying the pharmacokinetic interactions in rats after oral co-administration of silymarin (45 mg/kg) and different concentrations of SV. The major pharmacokinetic parameters, including Cmax, tmax, t1/2, mean residence time (MRT), elimination rate constant (λz) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-12h), were calculated using the non-compartmental model. The results showed that the co-administration of silymarin and SV significantly increased the Cmax and AUC0-12h of SVA compared with SV alone, while there was no significant difference with regards to Tmax and t1/2. However, SV pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly affected by silymarin pretreatment. Therefore, these changes indicated that drug-drug interactions may occur after co-administration of silymarin and SV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Yin Wu
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Ya-Jing Li
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Lu Meng
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Cong-Yang Ding
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Zhan-Jun Dong
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
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Wang J, Jiang Y, Wang B, Zhang N. A review on analytical methods for natural berberine alkaloids. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1794-1815. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- Experiment Center for Science and TechnologyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug DeliveryMinistry of Education and PLADepartment of PharmaceuticsSchool of PharmacyFudan University Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of PharmacyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and TechnologyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai P. R. China
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Wang Y, Jin Y, Yun X, Wang M, Dai Y, Xia Y. Co-administration with simvastatin or lovastatin alters the pharmacokinetic profile of sinomenine in rats through cytochrome P450-mediated pathways. Life Sci 2018; 209:228-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Neag MA, Mocan A, Echeverría J, Pop RM, Bocsan CI, Crişan G, Buzoianu AD. Berberine: Botanical Occurrence, Traditional Uses, Extraction Methods, and Relevance in Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Hepatic, and Renal Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:557. [PMID: 30186157 PMCID: PMC6111450 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine-containing plants have been traditionally used in different parts of the world for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, skin diseases, wound healing, reducing fevers, affections of eyes, treatment of tumors, digestive and respiratory diseases, and microbial pathologies. The physico-chemical properties of berberine contribute to the high diversity of extraction and detection methods. Considering its particularities this review describes various methods mentioned in the literature so far with reference to the most important factors influencing berberine extraction. Further, the common separation and detection methods like thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are discussed in order to give a complex overview of the existing methods. Additionally, many clinical and experimental studies suggest that berberine has several pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidative, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects. This review summarizes the main information about botanical occurrence, traditional uses, extraction methods, and pharmacological effects of berberine and berberine-containing plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Neag
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raluca M. Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina I. Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gianina Crişan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca D. Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Feng P, Zhao L, Guo F, Zhang B, Fang L, Zhan G, Xu X, Fang Q, Liang Z, Li B. The enhancement of cardiotoxicity that results from inhibiton of CYP 3A4 activity and hERG channel by berberine in combination with statins. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 293:115-123. [PMID: 30086269 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism of most endogenous and exogenous compounds is usually produced by the oxidation of cytochrome P450. Due to drug-drug interactions caused by the inhibition or induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes, changes in drug metabolism are the major causes of drug toxicity, CYP3A4 is one of the key isozymes, and involved in the metabolism of over 60% of clinical drugs. Human ether-a-go-go related genes (hERG) potassium channel is the most important target of many drugs and plays an important role in cardiac repolarization. Blockade of this channel may lead to long QT syndrome (LQTS), leading to sudden cardiac death. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the inhibitory properties of drugs on cytochrome P450 enzymes and hERG channel. We primarily evaluate the safety of berberine in combination with statins. Based on these findings, berberine in combination with statins has a greater inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 activity and CYP3A4 protein and mRNA expression than berberine alone. Simvastatin and atorvastatin reduce hERG current by accelerating channel inactivation. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of berberine and statin combination increased on hERG current by reducing the time constant of inactivation than the single drug alone. These results indicate that berberine in combination with statins can increase cardiotoxicity by inhibiting CYP3A4 and hERG channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Fengfeng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ge Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xueqi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Zhaoguang Liang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Baoxin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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HPLC-high-resolution mass spectrometry with polarity switching for increasing throughput of human in vitro cocktail drug-drug interaction assay. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:659-671. [PMID: 29749249 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Evaluation of HPLC-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) full scan with polarity switching for increasing throughput of human in vitro cocktail drug-drug interaction assay. MATERIALS & METHODS Microsomal incubates were analyzed using a high resolution and high mass accuracy Q-Exactive mass spectrometer to collect integrated qualitative and quantitative (qual/quant) data. RESULTS Within assay, positive-to-negative polarity switching HPLC-HRMS method allowed quantification of eight and two probe compounds in the positive and negative ionization modes, respectively, while monitoring for LOR and its metabolites. CONCLUSION LOR-inhibited CYP2C19 and showed higher activity for CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4. Overall, LC-HRMS-based nontargeted full scan quantitation allowed to improve the throughput of the in vitro cocktail drug-drug interaction assay.
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Buchanan B, Meng Q, Poulin MM, Zuccolo J, Azike CG, Gabriele J, Baranowski DC. Comparative pharmacokinetics and safety assessment of transdermal berberine and dihydroberberine. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194979. [PMID: 29579096 PMCID: PMC5868852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural alkaloid berberine has been ascribed numerous health benefits including lipid and cholesterol reduction and improved insulin sensitivity in diabetics. However, oral (PO) administration of berberine is hindered by poor bioavailability and increasing dose often elicits gastro-intestinal side effects. To overcome the caveats associated with oral berberine, we developed transdermal (TD) formulations of berberine (BBR) and the berberine precursor dihydroberberine (DHB). These formulations were compared to oral BBR using pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and general safety studies in vivo. To complete this work, a sensitive quantitative LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated according the FDA guidelines for bioanalytical methods to simultaneously measure berberine, simvastatin, and simvastatin hydroxy acid with relative quantification used for the berberine metabolite demethylene berberine glucuronide (DBG). Acute pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats demonstrated a statistically relevant ranking for berberine bioavailability based upon AUC0-8 as DHB TD > BBR TD >> BBR PO with similar ranking for the metabolite DBG, indicating that transdermal administration achieves BBR levels well above oral administration. Similarly, chronic administration (14 days) resulted in significantly higher levels of circulating BBR and DBG in DHB TD treated animals. Chronically treated rats were given a single dose of simvastatin with no observed change in the drugs bioavailability compared with control, suggesting the increased presence of BBR had no effect on simvastatin metabolism. This observation was further supported by consistent CYP3A4 expression across all treatment groups. Moreover, no changes in kidney and liver biomarkers, including alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, were observed between treatment formats, and confirming previous reports that BBR has no effect on HMG-CoA expression. This study supports the safe use of transdermal compositions that improve on the poor bioavailability of oral berberine and have the potential to be more efficacious in the treatment of dyslipidemia or hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Buchanan
- Research and Development, Delivra Corp., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Qingfang Meng
- Research and Development, Delivra Corp., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Mathieu-Marc Poulin
- Research and Development, Delivra Corp., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Jonathan Zuccolo
- Research and Development, Delivra Corp., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Chike Godwin Azike
- Research and Development, Delivra Corp., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Joseph Gabriele
- Research and Development, Delivra Corp., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
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Jia Y, Xu B, Xu J. Effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the pharmacokinetics of berberine in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:510-515. [PMID: 27937081 PMCID: PMC6130524 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1255649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Berberine is an active alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis [Coptis chinensis Franch. (Ranunculaceae)] that is widely used for the treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. However, the pharmacokinetics of berberine in normal rats and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model rats are not clear. OBJECTIVE This study compares the pharmacokinetics of berberine between normal and T2DM model rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The T2DM model rats were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks, induced by low-dose (30 mg/kg) streptozotocin for 72 h and validated by determining the peripheral blood glucose level. Rats were orally treated with berberine at a dose of 20 mg/kg and then berberine concentration in rat plasma was determined by employing a sensitive and rapid LC-MS/MS method. RESULTS The significantly different pharmacokinetic behaviour of berberine was observed between normal and T2DM model rats. When compared with the normal group, Cmax, t1/2 and AUC(0-t) of berberine were significantly increased in the model group (17.35 ± 3.24 vs 34.41 ± 4.25 μg/L; 3.95 ± 1.27 vs 9.29 ± 2.75 h; 151.21 ± 23.96 vs 283.81 ± 53.92 μg/h/L, respectively). In addition, oral clearance of berberine was significantly decreased in the model group (134.73 ± 32.15 vs 62.55 ± 16.34 L/h/kg). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In T2DM model rats, the pharmacokinetic behaviour of berberine was significantly altered, which indicated that berberine dosage should be modified in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Binger Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jisen Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
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Yang L, Yan C, Zhang F, Jiang B, Gao S, Liang Y, Huang L, Chen W. Effects of ketoconazole on cyclophosphamide metabolism: evaluation of CYP3A4 inhibition effect using the in vitro and in vivo models. Exp Anim 2017; 67:71-82. [PMID: 29129847 PMCID: PMC5814316 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.17-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is widely used in anticancer therapy regimens and 2-dechloroethylcyclophosphamide (DECP) is its side-chain dechloroethylated metabolite. N-dechloroethylation of CP mediated by the enzyme CYP3A4 yields nephrotoxic and neurotoxic chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) in equimolar amount to DECP. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of ketoconazole (KTZ) on CP metabolism through in vitro and in vivo drug-drug interaction (DDI) research. Long-term treatment of KTZ induces hepatic injury; thus single doses of KTZ at low, middle, and high levels (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) were investigated for pharmacokinetic DDI with CP. Our in vitro human liver microsome modeling approach suggested that KTZ inhibited CYP3A4 activity and then decreased DECP exposure. In addition, an UHPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying CP, DECP, and KTZ in rat plasma was developed and fully validated with a 4 min analysis coupled with a simple and reproducible one-step protein precipitation. A further in vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that combination use of CP (10 mg/kg) and KTZ (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) in rats caused a KTZ dose-dependent decrease in main parameters of DECP (Cmax, Tmax, and AUC0-∞) and provided magnitude exposure of DECP (more than a 50% AUC decrease) as a consequence of CYP3A inhibition but had only a small effect on the CP plasma concentration. Our results suggested that combination usage of a CYP3A4 inhibitor like KTZ may decrease CAA exposure and thus intervene against CAA-induced adverse effects in CP clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Chenyang Yan
- Department of Quality Management, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Shouhong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Youtian Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Pharmacokinetic studies of novel berberine derivatives with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1031:172-180. [PMID: 27494281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection method was developed for the detection of berberine and its derivatives (A4, B4) in rat plasma and other organs. This validated method was successfully applied to our pharmacokinetic study of BBR derivatives in rats. At the same dose of administration, the Cmax of B4 was about eight times higher than BBR, and its half-life was approximately two times longer than BBR, according to the bigger areas under plasma concentration curves. Inversely, the pharmacokinetic parameter levels of A4 were all inferior to BBR, suggesting a tight structure-activity relationship of these compounds. Small dose of parenteral administration was used for the study of absolute oral bioavailability of A4, B4, and BBR, and the results calculated were 0.12%, 3.4% and 0.7%, respectively. The accumulations of B4 among all organs were intestine>liver>heart>kidney>lung>spleen>plasma, proving a deeply targeting property of B4, which met our experimental assumption. Together, the experimental results proved that compared with BBR and A4, the derivative B4 had higher absolute oral bioavailability and the ability of deeply targeting so that can be likely used in some organ-targeted diseases.
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In Vivo and in Vitro Study on Drug-Drug Interaction of Lovastatin and Berberine from Pharmacokinetic and HepG2 Cell Metabolism Studies. Molecules 2016; 21:464. [PMID: 27070564 PMCID: PMC6272956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We assumed that the pharmacokinetics of lovastatin could be changed by the induction effect of berberine. Methods: An UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the pharmacokinetics tudy of lovastatin to investigate the in vivo drug-drug interactions between lovastatin and berberine. SD male rats were random divided into lovastatin group and berberine induced prior to lovastatin group for the in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Meanwhile HepG2 cells were induced by berberine for three days to study the metabolism of lovastatin. Results: The AUC (p < 0.01) and Cmax (p < 0.01) could be significantly decreased in the berberine-induced group in vivo, and the metabolic activity of HepG2 cell ccould be increased by berberine induction in vitro. The metabolism parameters of lovastatin such as CL, Vmax and Km were increased after the induction of berberine. From the pharmacokinetic study of lovastatin induced with berberine, we obtained pharmacokinetic parameters which are compliance with the metabolic parameters of lovastatin in HepG2 cells with berberine induction in vitro. Conclusions: From the in vivo pharmacokinetics study and the HepG2 cell metabolism study in vitro, berberine could be an inducer for the metabolism of lovastatin according to our previous research on berberine induction effects on HepG2 cells, which may be relevant to the fact that berberine possesses induction effects through the CYP 450 3A4 enzyme.
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Tao J, Jiang P, Peng C, Li M, Liu R, Zhang W. The pharmacokinetic characters of simvastatin after co-administration with Shexiang Baoxin Pill in healthy volunteers' plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1026:162-167. [PMID: 26830535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP), a tranditional Chinese medicine, on the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of simvastatin in healthy volunteers' plasma, a quantitative method was developed using an Agilent G6410A rapid performance liquid chromatography (RPLC) coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry system. The established method was rapid with high extraction recovery and successfully applied for the determination of simvastatin in plasma of 16 healthy volunteers. The results demonstrated that the MRT(0-∞), T1/2 and Tmax value of simvastatin were significantly decreased, while the AUC(0-t) and Cmax values of smivastatin were increased by SBP. The pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that the metabolism parameters of simvastatin could be affected by SBP and the potential drug-drug interaction should be noted in the future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Tao
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Yangsi Hosipital, Shanghai 200126, PR China
| | - Peng Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Company, Shanghai 200331, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Runhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
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