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Mamachan M, Sharun K, Banu SA, Muthu S, Pawde AM, Abualigah L, Maiti SK. Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration: Insights into molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102380. [PMID: 38615643 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cartilage regeneration has gained significant attention in regenerative medicine. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC-based cartilage regeneration and explores various therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of MSCs in this context. MSCs exhibit multipotent capabilities and can differentiate into various cell lineages under specific microenvironmental cues. Chondrogenic differentiation, a complex process involving signaling pathways, transcription factors, and growth factors, plays a pivotal role in the successful regeneration of cartilage tissue. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs is tightly regulated by growth factors and signaling pathways such as TGF-β, BMP, Wnt/β-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, NOTCH, and IHH (Indian hedgehog). Understanding the intricate balance between these pathways is crucial for directing lineage-specific differentiation and preventing undesirable chondrocyte hypertrophy. Additionally, paracrine effects of MSCs, mediated by the secretion of bioactive factors, contribute significantly to immunomodulation, recruitment of endogenous stem cells, and maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype. Pre-treatment strategies utilized to potentiate MSCs, such as hypoxic conditions, low-intensity ultrasound, kartogenin treatment, and gene editing, are also discussed for their potential to enhance MSC survival, differentiation, and paracrine effects. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-based cartilage regeneration and outlines promising therapeutic strategies. The insights presented contribute to the ongoing efforts in optimizing MSC-based therapies for effective cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Mamachan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Kaur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Laith Abualigah
- Artificial Intelligence and Sensing Technologies (AIST) Research Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Computer Science Department, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 13-5053, Lebanon; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 27500, Malaysia
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sun Y, Hu T, Zhang M, Song J, Qin Z, Liu M, Ji J, Li Z, Qiu Z, Bian J. Structure-Guided Discovery of Potent and Selective CLK2 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38500250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder. However, there are no disease-modifying drugs approved for OA treatment. CDC2-like kinase 2 (CLK2) could modulate Wnt signaling via alternative splicing of Wnt target genes and further affect bone differentiation, chondrocyte function, and inflammation, making CLK2 an attractive target for OA therapy. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of highly potent CLK2 inhibitors based on Indazole 1. Among them, compound LQ23 showed more elevated inhibitory activity against CLK2 than the lead compound (IC50, 1.4 nM) with high CLK2/CLK3 selectivity (>70-fold). Furthermore, LQ23 showed outstanding antiosteoarthritis effects in vitro and in vivo, with the roles specific in decreased inflammatory cytokines, downregulated cartilage degradative enzymes, and increased joint cartilage via suppressing CLK2/Wnt signaling pathway. Overall, these data support LQ23 as a potential candidate for intra-articular knee OA therapy, leveraging its unique mechanism of action for targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Tianxing Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Mai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jinlei Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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Deng R, Zhao R, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Yang M, Lin Y, Ye J, Li N, Qin H, Yan X, Shi J, Yuan F, Song S, Xu Z, Song Y, Fu J, Xu B, Nie G, Yu JK. Chondrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles promote drug retention and halt cartilage damage in rat and canine osteoarthritis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadh9751. [PMID: 38381849 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adh9751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. A challenge in the development of disease-modifying drugs is effective delivery to chondrocytes. The unique structure of the joint promotes rapid clearance of drugs through synovial fluid, and the dense and avascular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) limits drug penetration. Here, we show that poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles coated in chondrocyte membranes (CM-NPs) were preferentially taken up by rat chondrocytes ex vivo compared with uncoated nanoparticles. Internalization of the CM-NPs was mediated primarily by E-cadherin, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and micropinocytosis. These CM-NPs adhered to the cartilage ECM in rat knee joints in vivo and penetrated deeply into the cartilage matrix with a residence time of more than 34 days. Simulated synovial fluid clearance studies showed that CM-NPs loaded with a Wnt pathway inhibitor, adavivint (CM-NPs-Ada), delayed the catabolic metabolism of rat and human chondrocytes and cartilage explants under inflammatory conditions. In a surgical model of rat OA, drug-loaded CM-NPs effectively restored gait, attenuated periarticular bone remodeling, and provided chondroprotection against cartilage degeneration. OA progression was also mitigated by CM-NPs-Ada in a canine model of anterior cruciate ligament transection. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using chondrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles to improve the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of anti-OA drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Deng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ruifang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zining Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jian Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fuzhen Yuan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shitang Song
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Song
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jiangnan Fu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Kuo Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Sports Medicine Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P. R. China
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Patnaik R, Riaz S, Sivani BM, Faisal S, Naidoo N, Rizzo M, Banerjee Y. Evaluating the potential of Vitamin D and curcumin to alleviate inflammation and mitigate the progression of osteoarthritis through their effects on human chondrocytes: A proof-of-concept investigation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290739. [PMID: 38157375 PMCID: PMC10756552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder primarily affecting the elderly, characterized by a prominent inflammatory component. The long-term side effects associated with current therapeutic approaches necessitate the development of safer and more efficacious alternatives. Nutraceuticals, such as Vitamin D and curcumin, present promising therapeutic potentials due to their safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we utilized a proinflammatory human chondrocyte model of OA to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of Vitamin D and curcumin, with a particular focus on the Protease-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) mediated inflammatory pathway. Employing a robust siRNA approach, we effectively modulated the expression of PAR-2 to understand its role in the inflammatory process. Our results reveal that both Vitamin D and curcumin attenuate the expression of PAR-2, leading to a reduction in the downstream proinflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Interleukin 8 (IL-8), implicated in the OA pathogenesis. Concurrently, these compounds suppressed the expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa-Β Ligand (RANKL) and its receptor RANK, which are associated with PAR-2 mediated TNF-α stimulation. Additionally, Vitamin D and curcumin downregulated the expression of Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), known to elevate RANKL levels, underscoring their potential therapeutic implications in OA. This study, for the first time, provides evidence of the mitigating effect of Vitamin D and curcumin on PAR-2 mediated inflammation, employing an siRNA approach in OA. Thus, our findings pave the way for future research and the development of novel, safer, and more effective therapeutic strategies for managing OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajashree Patnaik
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumbal Riaz
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bala Mohan Sivani
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shemima Faisal
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nerissa Naidoo
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine, and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Yajnavalka Banerjee
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Centre for Medical Education, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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5
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Bulos ML, Grzelak EM, Li-Ma C, Chen E, Hull M, Johnson KA, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological inhibition of CLK2 activates YAP by promoting alternative splicing of AMOTL2. eLife 2023; 12:RP88508. [PMID: 38126343 PMCID: PMC10735217 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP), the downstream effector of the evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway, promotes cellular proliferation and coordinates certain regenerative responses in mammals. Small molecule activators of YAP may, therefore, display therapeutic utility in treating disease states involving insufficient proliferative repair. From a high-throughput chemical screen of the comprehensive drug repurposing library ReFRAME, here we report the identification of SM04690, a clinical stage inhibitor of CLK2, as a potent activator of YAP-driven transcriptional activity in cells. CLK2 inhibition promotes alternative splicing of the Hippo pathway protein AMOTL2, producing an exon-skipped gene product that can no longer associate with membrane-bound proteins, resulting in decreased phosphorylation and membrane localization of YAP. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which pharmacological perturbation of alternative splicing inactivates the Hippo pathway and promotes YAP-dependent cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L Bulos
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Edyta M Grzelak
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Chloris Li-Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Emily Chen
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps ResearchLa JollaUnited States
| | - Mitchell Hull
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps ResearchLa JollaUnited States
| | | | - Michael J Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
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Velot É, Balmayor ER, Bertoni L, Chubinskaya S, Cicuttini F, de Girolamo L, Demoor M, Grigolo B, Jones E, Kon E, Lisignoli G, Murphy M, Noël D, Vinatier C, van Osch GJVM, Cucchiarini M. Women's contribution to stem cell research for osteoarthritis: an opinion paper. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1209047. [PMID: 38174070 PMCID: PMC10762903 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1209047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Velot
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering and Articular Physiopathology (IMoPA), French National Centre for Scientific Research, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Experimental Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lélia Bertoni
- CIRALE, USC 957, BPLC, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Musculoskeletal Unit, Monash University and Rheumatology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Magali Demoor
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Caen, France
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio RAMSES, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Elizaveta Kon
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department ofBiomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mary Murphy
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, Inserm, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vinatier
- Nantes Université, Oniris, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Nantes, France
| | - Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Fineman MS, McAlindon TE, Lattermann C, Swearingen CJ, Kennedy S, Lopez VA, Simsek I, Tambiah JRS, Yazici Y. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Same-Knee Intra-Articular Injection of Corticosteroid and Lorecivivint Within 7 Days: An Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel-Arm Study. Rheumatol Ther 2023; 10:1741-1752. [PMID: 37902943 PMCID: PMC10654271 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-023-00604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common painful disorder. Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroid injections are frequently prescribed to treat knee pain. Lorecivivint (LOR), a novel IA cdc2-Like Kinase (CLK)/Dual-Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase (DYRK) inhibitor thought to modulate Wnt and inflammatory pathways, has appeared safe and demonstrated improved patient-reported outcomes compared with placebo. While LOR is proposed for stand-alone use, in clinical practice, providers might administer LOR in close time proximity to IA corticosteroid. This open-label, parallel-arm, healthy volunteer study assessed potential short-term safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between IA LOR and triamcinolone acetonide (TCA) administered 7 days apart. METHODS Healthy volunteers were randomized to Treatment Sequence 1 (IA 40 mg TCA followed by IA 0.07 mg LOR) or Treatment Sequence 2 (IA 0.07 mg LOR followed by IA 40 mg TCA). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were categorized by "epoch", with epoch 1 spanning from first until second injection, and epoch 2 spanning from second injection until end of study. Plasma PK was assessed pre injection and out to 22 days after to assess PK treatment interaction. RESULTS A total of 18 TEAEs were reported by 11 (27.5%) of 40 enrolled participants, and there were no serious adverse events. Thirteen TEAEs were reported in Treatment Sequence 1 and five in Treatment Sequence 2, similarly distributed between epochs 1 and 2. In all participants and at all time points, plasma LOR concentrations were below the limit of quantification (0.100 ng/mL). Geometric mean concentrations and PK parameters for TCA were similar between treatment sequences. CONCLUSION No safety signals were observed. There were no quantifiable plasma concentrations of LOR in either Treatment Sequence. The PK of TCA was unaffected by previous LOR injection. These results suggest that IA administration of LOR and TCA in close time proximity is unlikely to pose a safety concern. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT04598542.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Fineman
- Biosplice Therapeutics, Inc., 9360 Towne Center Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Kennedy
- Biosplice Therapeutics, Inc., 9360 Towne Center Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Victor A Lopez
- Biosplice Therapeutics, Inc., 9360 Towne Center Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Ismail Simsek
- Biosplice Therapeutics, Inc., 9360 Towne Center Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | - Yusuf Yazici
- Biosplice Therapeutics, Inc., 9360 Towne Center Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Iqbal Z, Xia J, Murtaza G, Shabbir M, Rehman K, Yujie L, Duan L. Targeting WNT signalling pathways as new therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis. J Drug Target 2023; 31:1027-1049. [PMID: 37969105 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2281861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent chronic joint disease and the leading cause of disability. Currently, no drugs are available to control joint damage or ease the associated pain. The wingless-type (WNT) signalling pathway is vital in OA progression. Excessive activation of the WNT signalling pathway is pertinent to OA progression and severity. Therefore, agonists and antagonists of the WNT pathway are considered potential drug candidates for OA treatment. For example, SM04690, a novel small molecule inhibitor of WNT signalling, has demonstrated its potential in a recent phase III clinical trial as a disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD). Therefore, targeting the WNT signalling pathway may be a distinctive approach to developing particular agents helpful in treating OA. This review aims to update the most recent progress in OA drug development by targeting the WNT pathway. In this, we introduce WNT pathways and their crosstalk with other signalling pathways in OA development and highlight the role of the WNT signalling pathway as a key regulator in OA development. Several articles have reviewed the Wnt pathway from different aspects. This candid review provides an introduction to WNT pathways and their crosstalk with other signalling pathways in OA development, highlighting the role of the WNT signalling pathway as a key regulator in OA development with the latest research. Particularly, we emphasise the state-of-the-art in targeting the WNT pathway as a promising therapeutic approach for OA and challenges in their development and the nanocarrier-based delivery of WNT modulators for treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Iqbal
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Shabbir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Khurrum Rehman
- Department of Allied health sciences, The University of Agriculture, D.I.Khan, Pakistan
| | - Liang Yujie
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Li Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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9
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Sagathia V, Patel C, Beladiya J, Patel S, Sheth D, Shah G. Tankyrase: a promising therapeutic target with pleiotropic action. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:3363-3374. [PMID: 37338576 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Tankyrase 1 (TNKS1) and tankyrase 2 (TNKS2) enzymes belong to the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family participates in process of poly-ADP-ribosylation of different target proteins which leads to ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Tankyrases are also involved in the pathophysiology of many diseases, especially cancer. Their functions include cell cycle homeostasis (primarily in mitosis), telomere maintenance, Wnt signaling pathway regulation, and insulin signaling (particularly GLUT4 translocation). Studies have implicated that genetic changes, mutations in the tankyrase coding sequence, or up regulation and down regulation of tankyrase are reflected in the numerous disease conditions. Investigations are pursued to develop putative molecules that target tankyrase in various diseases such as cancer, obesity, osteoarthritis, fibrosis, cherubism, and diabetes, thereby providing a new therapeutic treatment option. In the present review, we described the structure and function of tankyrase along with its role in different disease conditions. Furthermore, we also presented cumulative experimental evidences of different drugs acting on tankyrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrunda Sagathia
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Chirag Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Jayesh Beladiya
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Devang Sheth
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Gaurang Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
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10
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Hamilton M, Wang J, Dhar P, Stehno-Bittel L. Controlled-Release Hydrogel Microspheres to Deliver Multipotent Stem Cells for Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1315. [PMID: 38002439 PMCID: PMC10669156 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease affecting articular cartilage and peri-articular tissues. Traditional treatments are insufficient, as they are aimed at mitigating symptoms. Multipotent Stromal Cell (MSC) therapy has been proposed as a treatment capable of both preventing cartilage destruction and treating symptoms. While many studies have investigated MSCs for treating OA, therapeutic success is often inconsistent due to low MSC viability and retention in the joint. To address this, biomaterial-assisted delivery is of interest, particularly hydrogel microspheres, which can be easily injected into the joint. Microspheres composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) were created as MSC delivery vehicles. Microrheology measurements indicated that the microspheres had structural integrity alongside sufficient permeability. Additionally, encapsulated MSC viability was found to be above 70% over one week in culture. Gene expression analysis of MSC-identifying markers showed no change in CD29 levels, increased expression of CD44, and decreased expression of CD90 after one week of encapsulation. Analysis of chondrogenic markers showed increased expressions of aggrecan (ACAN) and SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), and decreased expression of osteogenic markers, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and alkaline phosphatase (ALPL). In vivo analysis revealed that HA microspheres remained in the joint for up to 6 weeks. Rats that had undergone destabilization of the medial meniscus and had overt OA were treated with empty HA microspheres, MSC-laden microspheres, MSCs alone, or a control vehicle. Pain measurements taken before and after the treatment illustrated temporarily decreased pain in groups treated with encapsulated cells. Finally, the histopathological scoring of each group illustrated significantly less OA damage in those treated with encapsulated cells compared to controls. Overall, these studies demonstrate the potential of using HA-based hydrogel microspheres to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hamilton
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
- Likarda, Kansas City, MO 64137, USA;
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Prajnaparamita Dhar
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| | - Lisa Stehno-Bittel
- Likarda, Kansas City, MO 64137, USA;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
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Makaram NS, Simpson AHRW. Disease-modifying agents in osteoarthritis: where are we now and what does the future hold? Bone Joint Res 2023; 12:654-656. [PMID: 37839796 PMCID: PMC10577043 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1210.bjr-2023-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(10):654–656.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navnit S. Makaram
- Edinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A. H. R. W. Simpson
- Edinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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12
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Bulos ML, Grzelak EM, Li-Ma C, Chen E, Hull M, Johnson KA, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological inhibition of CLK2 activates YAP by promoting alternative splicing of AMOTL2. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.19.537449. [PMID: 37131806 PMCID: PMC10153145 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.537449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP), the downstream effector of the evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway, promotes cellular proliferation and coordinates certain regenerative responses in mammals. Small molecule activators of YAP may therefore display therapeutic utility in treating disease states involving insufficient proliferative repair. From a high-throughput chemical screen of the comprehensive drug repurposing library ReFRAME, here we report the identification of SM04690, a clinical stage inhibitor of CLK2, as a potent activator of YAP driven transcriptional activity in cells. CLK2 inhibition promotes alternative splicing of the Hippo pathway protein AMOTL2, producing an exon-skipped gene product that can no longer associate with membrane-bound proteins, resulting in decreased phosphorylation and membrane localization of YAP. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which pharmacological perturbation of alternative splicing inactivates the Hippo pathway and promotes YAP dependent cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L. Bulos
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Edyta M. Grzelak
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Chloris Li-Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Mitchell Hull
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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Ossendorff R, Thimm D, Wirtz DC, Schildberg FA. Methods of Conservative Intra-Articular Treatment for Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Knee. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2023; 120:575-581. [PMID: 37427991 PMCID: PMC10552632 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is becoming increasingly common as the population ages. Conservative treatment for hip or knee osteoarthritis has been limited to pain control. Intra-articular injections for targeted local treatment have been widely used in clinical practice for many years. METHODS This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective literature search, including recent meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and current guidelines. RESULTS In Germany, the 12-month prevalence of osteoarthritis in adults is 17.9%. Conservative treatments are intended to alleviate symptoms and do not affect the progression of the disease. Glucocorticoids can be used to relieve otherwise intractable pain in the short term, but their prolonged use increases the risk of cartilage loss and progression of osteoarthritis. According to multiple guidelines, there is only weak evidence for the use of hyaluronic acid. Evidence does exist that high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid may lead to better outcomes than the low-molecular-weight form. RCTs have revealed no more than short-term clinical efficacy for a variety of specific therapeutic approaches, including the use of cytokine inhibitors. Other treatments, e.g., with platelet-enriched plasma, aspirates from bone marrow or adipose tissue, or expanded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), have not been found to have clinically relevant long-term effects. CONCLUSION In view of the scant available evidence, further standardized RCTs will be needed to give a more comprehensive picture of the efficacy of intra-articular treatments for hip and knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ossendorff
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
| | - Dominik Thimm
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medical Chemistry, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn
| | - Dieter C. Wirtz
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn
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Ajeeb B, Detamore M. Comparison of multiple synthetic chondroinductive factors in pellet culture against a TGF-β positive control. Osteoarthr Cartil Open 2023; 5:100369. [PMID: 37252634 PMCID: PMC10213102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2023.100369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances in surgical and cell therapy regenerative techniques for cartilage repair, the challenge is to overcome an inferior fibrocartilage repair tissue. In vitro, TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 are the primary growth factors employed to induce chondrogenic differentiation. However, the clinical application of native proteins may present challenges regarding stability, cost, or reproducibility. Therefore, there remains an unmet clinical need for the identification of small chondroinductive synthetic molecules. From the literature, two peptides-CM10 and CK2.1-appear to be promising candidates; however, they have not been directly compared to TGF-β with human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSCs). Similarly, two promising compounds-kartogenin and SM04690-have been reported in the literature to exhibit chondroinductive potential in vivo and in vitro; however, kartogenin was not directly compared against TGF-β. In the current study, we evaluated the chondroinductive potential of CM10, CK2.1, kartogenin, and SM04690, and directly compared them to each other and to a TGF-β3 positive control. Following 21 days of culture, none of the evaluated chondrogenic factors, either individually or even in combinations of two, resulted in a higher gene expression of chondrogenic markers as compared to TGF-β3. Additionally, no collagen II gene expression was detected except in the TGF-β3 positive control group. Given that the evaluated factors have confirmed efficacy in the literature, but not in the current study with a positive control, there may be value in the future identification of new chondroinductive factors that are less situation-dependent, with rigorous evaluations of their effect on chondrogenesis using positive controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Detamore
- Corresponding author. University of Oklahoma, 101 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
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15
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Tu J, Li W, Hansbro PM, Yan Q, Bai X, Donovan C, Kim RY, Galvao I, Das A, Yang C, Zou J, Diwan A. Smoking and tetramer tryptase accelerate intervertebral disc degeneration by inducing METTL14-mediated DIXDC1 m 6 modification. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2524-2542. [PMID: 37340635 PMCID: PMC10422004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cigarette smoking (CS) and low back pain (LBP) are common worldwide, their correlations and the mechanisms of action remain unclear. We have shown that excessive activation of mast cells (MCs) and their proteases play key roles in CS-associated diseases, like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), blood coagulation, and lung cancer. Previous studies have also shown that MCs and their proteases induce degenerative musculoskeletal disease. By using a custom-designed smoke-exposure mouse system, we demonstrated that CS results in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and release of MC-restricted tetramer tryptases (TTs) in the IVDs. TTs were found to regulate the expression of methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) at the epigenetic level by inducing N6-methyladenosine (m6A) deposition in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the transcript that encodes dishevelled-axin (DIX) domain-containing 1 (DIXDC1). That reaction increases the mRNA stability and expression of Dixdc1. DIXDC1 functionally interacts with disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) to accelerate the degeneration and senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells by activating a canonical Wnt pathway. Our study demonstrates the association between CS, MC-derived TTs, and LBP. These findings raise the possibility that METTL14-medicated DIXDC1 m6A modification could serve as a potential therapeutic target to block the development of degeneration of the NP in LBP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Tu
- Spine Labs, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wentian Li
- Spine Labs, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xupeng Bai
- Center for Innovation and Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Y Kim
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Izabela Galvao
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Abhirup Das
- Spine Labs, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Ashish Diwan
- Spine Labs, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Spine Service, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.
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16
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Li X, Han Y, Li G, Zhang Y, Wang J, Feng C. Role of Wnt signaling pathway in joint development and cartilage degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1181619. [PMID: 37363728 PMCID: PMC10285172 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1181619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disease that affects approximately 500 million people worldwide. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective treatment available to stop or delay the degenerative progression of joint disease. Wnt signaling pathways play fundamental roles in the regulation of growth, development, and homeostasis of articular cartilage. This review aims to summarize the role of Wnt pathways in joint development during embryonic stages and in cartilage maintenance throughout adult life. Specifically, we focus on aberrant mechanical loading and inflammation as major players in OA progression. Excessive mechanical load activates Wnt pathway in chondrocytes, resulting in chondrocyte apoptosis, matrix destruction and other osteoarthritis-related changes. Additionally, we discuss emerging Wnt-related modulators and present an overview of emerging treatments of OA targeting Wnt signaling. Ultimately, this review provides valuable insights towards discovering new drugs or gene therapies targeting Wnt signaling pathway for diagnosing and treating osteoarthritis and other degenerative joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Li
- Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guimiao Li
- Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Juan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Orthopedic Clinical Research Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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17
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Assi R, Quintiens J, Monteagudo S, Lories RJ. Innovation in Targeted Intra-articular Therapies for Osteoarthritis. Drugs 2023; 83:649-663. [PMID: 37067759 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-023-01863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic joint disease characterized by progressive damage to the joints, leading to pain and loss of function. There is currently no cure or disease-modifying therapy for osteoarthritis. Hence, the increasing disease prevalence linked with ageing and obesity represents a substantial socio-economic burden. Intra-articular therapy by injection of drugs into affected joints can optimize local drug bioavailability, while reducing risks of systemic toxicity, a concern in an ageing patient population. In this review, we investigate the current landscape of intra-articular drug therapies for osteoarthritis, including established approaches and those in clinical development. We performed a literature review using PubMed, complemented with a search for clinical trials using the ClinicalTrials.gov repository. Additionally, conference abstracts and presentations were identified and systematic snowballing was applied. Identified drugs were divided into several groups by main mechanism of action, and include drugs that reduce inflammation (anti-inflammatory), drugs aiming to prevent or reverse structural damage (structure modifying), drugs that aim to reduce the pain, and other drugs with a specific target. Most studies have been performed for osteoarthritis of the knee, a joint that is easily accessible for intra-articular treatments. Optimal therapy would provide symptomatic relief, while preventing further damage to the joint. The field of intra-articular drug therapies for osteoarthritis is rapidly evolving with clear challenges identified: definition of relevant outcome measures, optimization of clinical trial set-ups, and dealing with placebo responses. While many uncertainties persist, it appears that the innovation in drug development and improved clinical trial set-up may finally deliver successful therapies for this important disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Assi
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Quintiens
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvia Monteagudo
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik J Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Moreno-londoño AP, Castañeda-patlán MC, Sarabia-sánchez MA, Macías-silva M, Robles-flores M. Canonical Wnt Pathway Is Involved in Chemoresistance and Cell Cycle Arrest Induction in Colon Cancer Cell Line Spheroids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5252. [PMID: 36982333 PMCID: PMC10049556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been associated with the induction of drug resistance and disease recurrence after therapy. 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is widely used as the first-line treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its effectiveness may be limited by the induction of drug resistance in tumor cells. The Wnt pathway plays a key role in the development and CRC progression, but it is not clearly established how it is involved in CSCs resistance to treatment. This work aimed to investigate the role played by the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CSCs resistance to 5FU treatment. Using tumor spheroids as a model of CSCs enrichment of CRC cell lines with different Wnt/β-catenin contexts, we found that 5FU induces in all CRC spheroids tested cell death, DNA damage, and quiescence, but in different proportions for each one: RKO spheroids were very sensitive to 5FU, while SW480 were less susceptible, and the SW620 spheroids, the metastatic derivative of SW480 cells, displayed the highest resistance to death, high clonogenic capacity, and the highest ability for regrowth after 5FU treatment. Activating the canonical Wnt pathway with Wnt3a in RKO spheroids decreased the 5FU-induced cell death. But the Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition with Adavivint alone or in combination with 5FU in spheroids with aberrant activation of this pathway produced a severe cytostatic effect compromising their clonogenic capacity and diminishing the stem cell markers expression. Remarkably, this combined treatment also induced the survival of a small cell subpopulation that could exit the arrest, recover SOX2 levels, and re-grow after treatment.
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Xie W, Qi S, Dou L, Wang L, Wang X, Bi R, Li N, Zhang Y. Achyranthoside D attenuates chondrocyte loss and inflammation in osteoarthritis via targeted regulation of Wnt3a. Phytomedicine 2023; 111:154663. [PMID: 36657317 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achyranthes bidentata Blume (A. bidentata) is a common Chinese herb used to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Achyranthoside D (Ach-D) is a glucuronide saponin isolated from A. bidentata. PURPOSE To assess the mechanisms of action of Ach-D and its effects on OA. METHODS The effects of Ach-D were evaluated in rats underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) with medial meniscectomy (MMx) and in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced chondrocytes. Histological changes in rat cartilage tissues were detected using Safranin O-Fast green and haematoxylin-eosin staining. Immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR, ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence were conducted to examine cartilage degeneration-related and inflammation-related factor expression. CCK-8, LDH assay, and EdU staining were performed to detect chondrocyte death. RESULTS Ach-D dose-dependently reduced the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores, alleviated cartilage injury, and decreased the serum concentrations of CTX-II and COMP in ACLT-MMx models. Ach-D increased the expression levels of collagen II and aggrecan and decreased the levels of cartilage degeneration-related proteins, ADAMTS-5, MMP13, and MMP3, in rat cartilage tissues. Additionally, nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-related inflammation was reduced by Ach-D, as shown by the significantly inhibited expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, GSDMD, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 in rat cartilage tissues. In primary rat chondrocytes, Ach-D protected against IL-1β-induced viability loss and LDH release. Wnt3a is the target protein of Ach-D. Mechanistically, Ach-D alleviated OA by inhibiting Wnt signalling. CONCLUSION ACH-D may reduce inflammation and cartilage degeneration by inhibiting the Wnt signalling pathway, thereby reducing OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shangfeng Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Luming Dou
- Bone traumatology department, Yantai Penglai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yantai, 265600, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Rongxiu Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China
| | - Nianhu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, PR China.
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Yao Q, Wu X, Tao C, Gong W, Chen M, Qu M, Zhong Y, He T, Chen S, Xiao G. Osteoarthritis: pathogenic signaling pathways and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:56. [PMID: 36737426 PMCID: PMC9898571 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder that leads to disability and affects more than 500 million population worldwide. OA was believed to be caused by the wearing and tearing of articular cartilage, but it is now more commonly referred to as a chronic whole-joint disorder that is initiated with biochemical and cellular alterations in the synovial joint tissues, which leads to the histological and structural changes of the joint and ends up with the whole tissue dysfunction. Currently, there is no cure for OA, partly due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanism of the initiation and progression of the disease. Therefore, a better understanding of pathological signaling pathways and key molecules involved in OA pathogenesis is crucial for therapeutic target design and drug development. In this review, we first summarize the epidemiology of OA, including its prevalence, incidence and burdens, and OA risk factors. We then focus on the roles and regulation of the pathological signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, focal adhesion, HIFs, TGFβ/ΒΜP and FGF signaling pathways, and key regulators AMPK, mTOR, and RUNX2 in the onset and development of OA. In addition, the roles of factors associated with OA, including MMPs, ADAMTS/ADAMs, and PRG4, are discussed in detail. Finally, we provide updates on the current clinical therapies and clinical trials of biological treatments and drugs for OA. Research advances in basic knowledge of articular cartilage biology and OA pathogenesis will have a significant impact and translational value in developing OA therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaohao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chu Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiyuan Gong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingjue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minghao Qu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tailin He
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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21
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Knights AJ, Farrell EC, Ellis OM, Lammlin L, Junginger LM, Rzeczycki PM, Bergman RF, Pervez R, Cruz M, Knight E, Farmer D, Samani AA, Wu CL, Hankenson KD, Maerz T. Synovial fibroblasts assume distinct functional identities and secrete R-spondin 2 in osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:272-282. [PMID: 36175067 PMCID: PMC9972892 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-222773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Synovium is acutely affected following joint trauma and contributes to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) progression. Little is known about discrete cell types and molecular mechanisms in PTOA synovium. We aimed to describe synovial cell populations and their dynamics in PTOA, with a focus on fibroblasts. We also sought to define mechanisms of synovial Wnt/β-catenin signalling, given its emerging importance in arthritis. METHODS We subjected mice to non-invasive anterior cruciate ligament rupture as a model of human joint injury. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing to assess synovial cell populations, subjected Wnt-GFP reporter mice to joint injury to study Wnt-active cells, and performed intra-articular injections of the Wnt agonist R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) to assess whether gain of function induced pathologies characteristic of PTOA. Lastly, we used cultured fibroblasts, macrophages and chondrocytes to study how Rspo2 orchestrates crosstalk between joint cell types. RESULTS We uncovered seven distinct functional subsets of synovial fibroblasts in healthy and injured synovium, and defined their temporal dynamics in early and established PTOA. Wnt/β-catenin signalling was overactive in PTOA synovium, and Rspo2 was strongly induced after injury and secreted exclusively by Prg4hi lining fibroblasts. Trajectory analyses predicted that Prg4hi lining fibroblasts arise from a pool of Dpp4+ mesenchymal progenitors in synovium, with SOX5 identified as a potential regulator of this emergence. We also showed that Rspo2 orchestrated pathological crosstalk between synovial fibroblasts, macrophages and chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Synovial fibroblasts assume distinct functional identities during PTOA in mice, and Prg4hi lining fibroblasts secrete Rspo2 that may drive pathological joint crosstalk after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Knights
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Easton C. Farrell
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Olivia M. Ellis
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lindsey Lammlin
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lucas M. Junginger
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Phillip M. Rzeczycki
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rachel F. Bergman
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rida Pervez
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monique Cruz
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eleanor Knight
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dennis Farmer
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexa A. Samani
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kurt D. Hankenson
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tristan Maerz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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22
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Amirsaadat S, Amirazad H, Hashemihesar R, Zarghami N. An update on the effect of intra-articular intervention strategies using nanomaterials in osteoarthritis: Possible clinical application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1128856. [PMID: 36873347 PMCID: PMC9978162 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1128856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common progressive condition affecting joints. It mainly affects the knees and hips as predominant weight-bearing joints. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) accounts for a large proportion of osteoarthritis and presents numerous symptoms that impair quality of life, such as stiffness, pain, dysfunction, and even deformity. For more than two decades, intra-articular (IA) treatment options for managing knee osteoarthritis have included analgesics, hyaluronic acid (HA), corticosteroids, and some unproven alternative therapies. Before effective disease-modifying treatments for knee osteoarthritis, treatments are primarily symptomatic, mainly including intra-articular corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid, so these agents represent the most frequently used class of drugs for managing knee osteoarthritis. But research suggests other factors, such as the placebo effect, have an essential role in the effectiveness of these drugs. Several novel intra-articular therapies are currently in the clinical trial processes, such as biological therapies, gene and cell therapies. Besides, it has been shown that the development of novel drug nanocarriers and delivery systems could improve the effectiveness of therapeutic agents in osteoarthritis. This review discusses the various treatment methods and delivery systems for knee osteoarthritis and the new agents that have been introduced or are in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumayeh Amirsaadat
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Halimeh Amirazad
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Hashemihesar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Li S, Cao P, Chen T, Ding C. Latest insights in disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs development. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2023; 15:1759720X231169839. [PMID: 37197024 PMCID: PMC10184265 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x231169839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and severely debilitating disease with an unmet medical need. In order to alleviate OA symptoms or prevent structural progression of OA, new drugs, particularly disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs), are required. Several drugs have been reported to attenuate cartilage loss or reduce subchondral bone lesions in OA and thus potentially be DMOADs. Most biologics (including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors), sprifermin, and bisphosphonates failed to yield satisfactory results when treating OA. OA clinical heterogeneity is one of the primary reasons for the failure of these clinical trials, which can require different therapeutic approaches based on different phenotypes. This review describes the latest insights into the development of DMOADs. We summarize in this review the efficacy and safety profiles of various DMOADs targeting cartilage, synovitis, and subchondral bone endotypes in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials. To conclude, we summarize the reasons for clinical trial failures in OA and suggest possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tianyu Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Zhao Z, Wang Y, Yin B, Li X, Hao R, Li Z, Li P, Han M, Ding L, Li Z, Zhu H. Defect-adaptive Stem-cell-microcarrier Construct Promotes Tissue Repair in Rabbits with Knee Cartilage Defects. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:201-212. [PMID: 35900693 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although various reconstruction techniques are available for cartilage defects, the repair effects and conveniences remain to be further improved due to the limited regenerative capacity of cartilaginous tissues and difficulties in seamlessly fulfilling irregularly shaped defects. In the current study, we explored the repair efficacy of stem cell microcarrier construct (microcarriers loaded with human chondrogenic progenitor cells or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) in cartilage defect models. A total of 39 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were included, and femoral trochlear cartilage defect models were established (n = 33). Stem cell microcarrier constructs were implanted into cartilage defects (n = 6), the maintenance conditions of the implanted constructs were observed on days 4, 8, and 30 post implantation (n = 3). Gross observation and pathological analysis were performed to assay the reconstitution of cartilage defects at 12 weeks post-cartilage defect repair(n = 6). The microcarriers could fill the defect model with good plasticity to integrate well with the boundary native normal cartilage. At 3 months after implantation, the defects were filled with fibrous cartilage tissues in the microcarrier without stem cells group. In the microcarrier loaded with BMSCs group, newly formed tissue with a similar appearance of boundary cartilage fulfilled the defects, but the surface was not completely smooth. Promisingly, the defects were almost completely filled with newly regenerated cartilaginous tissues, which had a smooth appearance similar to that of normal cartilage in the microcarrier loaded with CPCs group. These results suggest the feasibility of stem cell microcarrier construct in repairing cartilage defects, indicating promising clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Bofeng Yin
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ruicong Hao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Peilin Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Mengyue Han
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Ding
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Air Force Medical Center, PLA, No.30 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Zhongli Li
- Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Heng Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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25
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Kim H, Seo J, Lee Y, Park K, Perry TA, Arden NK, Mobasheri A, Choi H. The current state of the osteoarthritis drug development pipeline: a comprehensive narrative review of the present challenges and future opportunities. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221085952. [PMID: 36504595 PMCID: PMC9732806 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221085952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review article, we critically assess the current state of the osteoarthritis (OA) drug development pipeline. We discuss the current state-of-the-art in relation to the development and evaluation of candidate disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) and the limitations associated with the tools and methodologies that are used to assess outcomes in OA clinical trials. We focus on the definition of DMOADs, highlight the need for an updated definition in the form of a consensus statement from all the major stakeholders, including academia, industry, regulatory agencies, and patient organizations, and provide a summary of the results of recent clinical trials of novel DMOAD candidates. We propose that DMOADs should be more appropriately targeted and investigated according to the emerging clinical phenotypes and molecular endotypes of OA. Based on the findings from recent clinical trials, we propose key topics and directions for the development of future DMOADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heungdeok Kim
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinwon Seo
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunsin Lee
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Park
- Institute of Bio Innovation Research, Kolon
Life Science, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thomas A. Perry
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus
Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford,
UK
| | - Nigel K. Arden
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and
Osteoarthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK,Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic
Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and
Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland,Department of Regenerative Medicine, State
Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania,Department of Orthopedics and Department of
Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht,
Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Joint Surgery, The First
Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,World Health Organization Collaborating Center
for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de
Liège, Liège, Belgium
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26
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Gerwin N, Scotti C, Halleux C, Fornaro M, Elliott J, Zhang Y, Johnson K, Shi J, Walter S, Li Y, Jacobi C, Laplanche N, Belaud M, Paul J, Glowacki G, Peters T, Wharton KA, Vostiar I, Polus F, Kramer I, Guth S, Seroutou A, Choudhury S, Laurent D, Gimbel J, Goldhahn J, Schieker M, Brachat S, Roubenoff R, Kneissel M. Angiopoietin-like 3-derivative LNA043 for cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis: a randomized phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:2633-2645. [PMID: 36456835 PMCID: PMC9800282 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, debilitating, chronic disease with no disease-modifying drug approved to date. We discovered LNA043-a derivative of angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3)-as a potent chondrogenesis inducer using a phenotypic screen with human mesenchymal stem cells. We show that LNA043 promotes chondrogenesis and cartilage matrix synthesis in vitro and regenerates hyaline articular cartilage in preclinical OA and cartilage injury models in vivo. LNA043 exerts at least part of these effects through binding to the fibronectin receptor, integrin α5β1 on mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes. In a first-in-human (phase 1), randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose, single-center trial ( NCT02491281 ; sponsored by Novartis Pharmaceuticals), 28 patients with knee OA were injected intra-articularly with LNA043 or placebo (3:1 ratio) either 2 h, 7 d or 21 d before total knee replacement. LNA043 met its primary safety endpoint and showed short serum pharmacokinetics, cartilage penetration and a lack of immunogenicity (secondary endpoints). Post-hoc transcriptomics profiling of cartilage revealed that a single LNA043 injection reverses the OA transcriptome signature over at least 21 d, inducing the expression of hyaline cartilage matrix components and anabolic signaling pathways, while suppressing mediators of OA progression. LNA043 is a novel disease-modifying OA drug candidate that is currently in a phase 2b trial ( NCT04864392 ) in patients with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gerwin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Mara Fornaro
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jimmy Elliott
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yunyu Zhang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jian Shi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Walter
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yufei Li
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Jacobi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Laplanche
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Magali Belaud
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Peters
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Igor Vostiar
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florine Polus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ina Kramer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Guth
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Didier Laurent
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Goldhahn
- Institute for Translational Medicine, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophie Brachat
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Al Jundi S, Martinez JR, Cresta J, Yousefi F, DeSantis G, Thoonkuzhy M, Rabut E, Mohanraj B, Mauck RL, Dodge GR. Identifying small molecules for protecting chondrocyte function and matrix integrity after controlled compressive injury. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open 2022; 4:100289. [PMID: 36474951 PMCID: PMC9718264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Articular cartilage injury is central for the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). With few disease-modifying therapies successful at offsetting progressive osteoarthritis (OA), our goal is to use a high throughput screening platform of cartilage injury to identify novel chondroprotective compounds. Targeting articular cartilage damage immediately after injury remains a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome irreversible tissue damage. Method We constructed a single impact-cartilage screening method using a multi-platen system that simultaneously impacts 48 samples and makes use of engineered cartilage tissue analogs (known as CTAs). Drug libraries were screened and assessed for their ability to alter two crucial biological responses to impact injuries, namely matrix degradation and cell stress. Results Over 500 small molecules were screened for their ability to alter proteoglycan loss, matrix metalloproteinase activity, and cell stress or death. Fifty-five compounds passed through secondary screening and were from commercial libraries of natural and redox, stem cell related compounds, as well as protease, kinase and phosphatase inhibitors. Through secondary screening, 16 promising candidates exhibited activity on one or more critical function of chondrocytes. While many are mechanistically known compounds, their function in joint diseases is not known. Conclusion This platform was validated for screening drug activity against a tissue engineered model of PTOA. Multiple compounds identified in this manner have potential application as early protective therapy for treating PTOA, and require further study. We propose this screening platform can identify novel molecules that act on early chondrocyte responses to injury and provide an invaluable tool for therapeutic development.
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28
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Vlashi R, Zhang X, Wu M, Chen G. Wnt signaling: essential roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone metabolism and therapeutic implications for bone and skeletal disorders. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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29
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Cai S, Zou Y, Zhao Y, Lin H, Zheng D, Xu L, Lu Y. Mechanical stress reduces secreted frizzled-related protein expression and promotes temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Bone 2022; 161:116445. [PMID: 35589066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mechanical stress overload in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an important cause of TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJOA). Whether secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) play important roles in the development of mechanical stress-induced TMJOA remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the roles of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and SFRPs in the progression of mechanical stress-induced TMJOA. METHODS We investigated the progression of mechanical stress-induced TMJOA using an in vivo model via modified increased occlusal vertical dimension (iOVD) malocclusion and an in vitro model in which isolated chondrocytes were subjected to mechanical stress. The effects of inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signal on TMJOA induced by mechanical stress were studied by in vitro drug added and in vivo intra-articular injection of XAV-939. TMJOA progression, Wnt/β-catenin signaling and SFRPs was assessed by Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis, histochemical and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting (WB), and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. RESULTS Our in vivo results showed that iOVD-induced mechanical stress in the TMJ disrupted mandible growth, induced OA-like changes in TMJ cartilage, and increased OA-related cytokine expression. In addition, iOVD activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and suppressed Sfrp1, Sfrp3, and Sfrp4 expression in condylar cartilage. Moreover, our in vitro study showed that stress disrupted homeostasis, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inhibited SFRP3 and SFRP4 expression in chondrocytes. Suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with XAV-939 promoted SFRP3 and SFRP4 expression and rescued mechanical stress-induced cartilage degeneration in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our work suggests that mechanical stress reduces SFRPs expression both in vivo and in vitro and promotes TMJOA via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes SFRPs expression, especially SFRP3 and SFRP4 expression, and rescues mechanical stress-induced cartilage degeneration. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and SFRPs may represent potential therapeutic targets for TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senxin Cai
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Zou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanyu Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linyu Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Youguang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Bassand C, Villois A, Gianola L, Laue G, Ramazani F, Riebesehl B, Sanchez-Felix M, Sedo K, Ullrich T, Duvnjak Romic M. Smart design of patient centric long-acting products: from preclinical to marketed pipeline trends and opportunities. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1265-1283. [PMID: 35877189 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2106213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We see a development in the field of long-acting products to serve patients with chronic diseases by providing benefits in adherence, efficacy and safety of the treatment. This review investigates features of long-acting products on the market/pipeline to understand which drug substance (DS) and drug product (DP) characteristics likely enable a successful patient-centric, low-dosing frequency product. AREAS COVERED This review evaluates marketed/pipeline long-acting products with greater than one week release of small molecules and peptides by oral and injectable route of administration (RoA), with particular focus on patient centricity, adherence impact, health outcomes, market trends, and the match of DS/DP technologies which lead to market success. EXPERT OPINION Emerging trends are expected to change the field of long-acting products in the upcoming years by increasing capability in engineered molecules (low solubility, long half-life, high potency, etc.), directly developing DP as long-acting oral/injectable, increasing the proportion of products for local drug delivery, and a direction towards more subcutaneous, self-administered products. Among long-acting injectable products, nanosuspensions show a superiority in dose per administration and dosing interval, overwhelming the field of infectious diseases with the recently marketed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bassand
- Technical Research and Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Villois
- Technical Research and Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Gianola
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Grit Laue
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Farshad Ramazani
- Technical Research and Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Riebesehl
- Technical Research and Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Felix
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 700 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kurt Sedo
- PharmaCircle LLC, Sunny Isles Beach, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Ullrich
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland
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Shahid A, Inam‐Ur‐Raheem M, Iahtisham‐Ul‐Haq , Nawaz MY, Rashid MH, Oz F, Proestos C, Aadil RM. Diet and lifestyle modifications: An update on non‐pharmacological approach in the management of osteoarthritis. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arashi Shahid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Inam‐Ur‐Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Iahtisham‐Ul‐Haq
- Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Nawaz
- Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamdan Rashid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Zografou Athens Greece
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
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Rauck RC, Eliasberg CD, Rodeo S, Rodeo SA. Orthobiologics for the Management of Early Arthritis in the Middle-Aged Athlete. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2022; 30:e9-e16. [PMID: 35533063 DOI: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article is dedicated to the use of orthobiologic therapies in the management of early osteoarthritis in middle-aged athletes. Understanding a patient's presenting symptoms, physical examination, imaging results, and goals is of critical importance in applying orthobiologic therapies. The field of orthobiologics is expanding at a rapid pace, and the clinical studies examining the utility of each treatment lag behind the direct-to-consumer marketing that leads to these products being used. Here we provide a review of the available treatments, emerging treatments, and the current literature supporting or refuting their use. Currently studied orthobiologics include autologous and allogenic cell therapies, autologous blood products, hyaluronic acid, gene therapies, Wnt inhibitors, and a variety of systemic treatments.
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Min JK, Park HS, Lee YB, Kim JG, Kim JI, Park JB. Cross-Talk between Wnt Signaling and Src Tyrosine Kinase. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051112. [PMID: 35625853 PMCID: PMC9138253 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, was first discovered as a prototype oncogene and has been shown to critical for cancer progression for a variety of tissues. Src activity is regulated by a number of post-translational modifications in response to various stimuli. Phosphorylations of Src Tyr419 (human; 416 in chicken) and Src Tyr530 (human; 527 in chicken) have been known to be critical for activation and inactivation of Src, respectively. Wnt signaling regulates a variety of cellular functions including for development and cell proliferation, and has a role in certain diseases such as cancer. Wnt signaling is carried out through two pathways: β-catenin-dependent canonical and β-catenin-independent non-canonical pathways as Wnt ligands bind to their receptors, Frizzled, LRP5/6, and ROR1/2. In addition, many signaling components including Axin, APC, Damm, Dishevelled, JNK kinase and Rho GTPases contribute to these canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways. However, the communication between Wnt signaling and Src tyrosine kinase has not been well reviewed as Src regulates Wnt signaling through LRP6 tyrosine phosphorylation. GSK-3β phosphorylated by Wnt also regulates Src activity. As Wnt signaling and Src mutually regulate each other, it is noted that aberrant regulation of these components give rise to various diseases including typically cancer, and as such, merit a closer look.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ki Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hwee-Seon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-S.P.); (J.-I.K.)
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoon-Beom Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jae-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-S.P.); (J.-I.K.)
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 25242, Korea; (J.K.M.); (Y.-B.L.); (J.-G.K.)
- Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2542; Fax: +82-33-244-8425
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Hua B, Qiu J, Ye X, Liu X. Intra-articular injection of a novel Wnt pathway inhibitor, SM04690, upregulates Wnt16 expression and reduces disease progression in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Bone 2022; 158:116372. [PMID: 35218985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal Wnt signaling has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). Recent studies demonstrates that SM04690, a small-molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, is able to promote cartilage regeneration in a rat model of knee joint osteoarthritis. However, whether SM04690 has any effect on TMJOA is unknown. Here we first performed partial TMJ discectomy to induce TMJOA in rabbit and rat. Histology, TRAP staining, immunohistochemistry and μCT analysis showed intra-articular injection of SM04690 protected condylar cartilage from degeneration and attenuated abnormal subchondral bone remodeling of TMJ condylar in both rabbit and rat model TMJOA. We isolated and cultured primary condylar chondrocytes for in vitro studies to investigate molecular mechanisms and downstream effects of SM04690. We found that SM04690 inhibited the canonical Wnt pathway, upregulated the expression of Wnt16 and cartilage anabolic factors including COL2A1, SOX9 and aggrecan, suppressed the expression of cartilage catabolic factor MMP13 and protected chondrocytes from TNF-α-induced inflammatory response. Previous studies have identified fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) localized within the TMJ condyle superficial zone niche that regenerate cartilage and repair joint injury. Here we showed that intra-articular injection of SM04690 increased the number of the TMJ condyle superficial zone (SZ) cells in vivo. Further in vitro studies revealed that SM04690 enhanced FCSCs chondrogenesis and formation of cartilaginous-like tissue in pellet cultures. Taken together, our work demonstrates that SM04690 treatment might be able to promote FCSCs chondrogenesis and repair TMJ cartilage, highlighting the therapeutic potential of intra-articular injection of SM04690 in TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqiang Hua
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianwen Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Foster NC, Hall NM, El Haj AJ. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Cartilage Model Platforms for Drug Evaluation and High-Throughput Screening Assays. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2022; 28:421-436. [PMID: 34010074 PMCID: PMC7612674 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severely painful and debilitating disease of the joint, which brings about degradation of the articular cartilage and currently has few therapeutic solutions. Two-dimensional (2D) high-throughput screening (HTS) assays have been widely used to identify candidate drugs with therapeutic potential for the treatment of OA. A number of small molecules which improve the chondrogenic differentiation of progenitor cells for tissue engineering applications have also been discovered in this way. However, due to the failure of these models to accurately represent the native joint environment, the efficacy of these drugs has been limited in vivo. Screening systems utilizing three-dimensional (3D) models, which more closely reflect the tissue and its complex cell and molecular interactions, have also been described. However, the vast majority of these systems fail to recapitulate the complex, zonal structure of articular cartilage and its unique cell population. This review summarizes current 2D HTS techniques and addresses the question of how to use existing 3D models of tissue-engineered cartilage to create 3D drug screening platforms with improved outcomes. Impact statement Currently, the use of two-dimensional (2D) screening platforms in drug discovery is common practice. However, these systems often fail to predict efficacy in vivo, as they do not accurately represent the complexity of the native three-dimensional (3D) environment. This article describes existing 2D and 3D high-throughput systems used to identify small molecules for osteoarthritis treatment or in vitro chondrogenic differentiation, and suggests ways to improve the efficacy of these systems based on the most recent research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole M Hall
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TH
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36
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Matyushkin AI, Ivanova EA, Voronina TA. New Directions in the Development of Pharmacotherapy for Osteoarthrosis Based on Modern Concepts of the Disease Pathogenesis (A Review). Pharm Chem J. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Barbian HJ, Seaton MS, Narasipura SD, Wallace J, Rajan R, Sha BE, Al-Harthi L. β-catenin regulates HIV latency and modulates HIV reactivation. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010354. [PMID: 35255110 PMCID: PMC8939789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Latency is the main obstacle towards an HIV cure, with cure strategies aiming to either elicit or prevent viral reactivation. While these strategies have shown promise, they have only succeeded in modulating latency in a fraction of the latent HIV reservoir, suggesting that the mechanisms controlling HIV latency are not completely understood, and that comprehensive latency modulation will require targeting of multiple latency maintenance pathways. We show here that the transcriptional co-activator and the central mediator of canonical Wnt signaling, β-catenin, inhibits HIV transcription in CD4+ T cells via TCF-4 LTR binding sites. Further, we show that inhibiting the β-catenin pathway reactivates HIV in a primary TCM cell model of HIV latency, primary cells from cART-controlled HIV donors, and in CD4+ latent cell lines. β-catenin inhibition or activation also enhanced or inhibited the activity of several classes of HIV latency reversing agents, respectively, in these models, with significant synergy of β-catenin and each LRA class tested. In sum, we identify β-catenin as a novel regulator of HIV latency in vitro and ex vivo, adding new therapeutic targets that may be combined for comprehensive HIV latency modulation in HIV cure efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Barbian
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Melanie S. Seaton
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Srinivas D. Narasipura
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jennillee Wallace
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Reshma Rajan
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Beverly E. Sha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinios United States of America
| | - Lena Al-Harthi
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang N, He Y, Liu S, Makarcyzk MJ, Lei G, Chang A, Alexander PG, Hao T, Padget AM, de Pedro N, Menelaos T, Lin H. Engineering osteoarthritic cartilage model through differentiating senescent human mesenchymal stem cells for testing disease-modifying drugs. Sci China Life Sci 2022; 65:309-27. [PMID: 34109475 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-1933-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Significant cellular senescence has been observed in cartilage harvested from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). In this study, we aim to develop a senescence-relevant OA-like cartilage model for developing disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs). Specifically, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were expanded in vitro up to passage 10 (P10-MSCs). Following their senescent phenotype formation, P10-MSCs were subjected to pellet culture in chondrogenic medium. Results from qRT-PCR, histology, and immunostaining indicated that cartilage generated from P10-MSCs displayed both senescent and OA-like phenotypes without using other OA-inducing agents, when compared to that from normal passage 4 (P4)-MSCs. Interestingly, the same gene expression differences observed between P4-MSCs and P10-MSC-derived cartilage tissues were also observed between the preserved and damaged OA cartilage regions taken from human samples, as demonstrated by RNA Sequencing data and other analysis methods. Lastly, the utility of this senescence-initiated OA-like cartilage model in drug development was assessed by testing several potential DMOADs and senolytics. The results suggest that pre-existing cellular senescence can induce the generation of OA-like changes in cartilage. The P4- and P10-MSCs derived cartilage models also represent a novel platform for predicting the efficacy and toxicity of potential DMOADs on both preserved and damaged cartilage in humans.
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Gonzalez-Fernandez P, Rodríguez-Nogales C, Jordan O, Allémann E. Combination of mesenchymal stem cells and bioactive molecules in hydrogels for osteoarthritis treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 172:41-52. [PMID: 35114357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and inflammatory disease with no effective regenerative treatments to date. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remains to be fully explored. Intra-articular injection of these cells promotes cartilage protection and regeneration by paracrine signaling and differentiation into chondrocytes. However, joints display a harsh avascular environment for these cells upon injection. This phenomenon prompted researchers to develop suitable injectable materials or systems for MSCs to enhance their function and survival. Among them, hydrogels can absorb a large amount of water and maintain their 3D structure but also allow incorporation of bioactive agents or small molecules in their matrix that maximize the action of MSCs. These materials possess advantageous cartilage-like features such as collagen or hyaluronic acid moieties that interact with MSC receptors, thereby promoting cell adhesion. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the progress and opportunities of MSCs entrapped into hydrogels, combined with bioactive/small molecules to improve the therapeutic effects in OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gonzalez-Fernandez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - C Rodríguez-Nogales
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - O Jordan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - E Allémann
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Meurot C, Martin C, Sudre L, Breton J, Bougault C, Rattenbach R, Bismuth K, Jacques C, Berenbaum F. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, exerts analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-degradative actions in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1567. [PMID: 35091584 PMCID: PMC8799666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling disease worldwide, with no effective and safe disease-modifying drugs (DMOAD) in the market. However, studies suggest that drugs, such as liraglutide, which possess strong potential in decreasing low-grade systemic inflammation may be effective in treating OA. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-degradative effects in OA using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results showed that intra-articular injection of liraglutide alleviated pain-related behavior in in vivo sodium monoiodoacetate OA mouse model, which was probably driven by the GLP-1R-mediated anti-inflammatory activity of liraglutide. Moreover, liraglutide treatment significantly decreased IL-6, PGE2 and nitric oxide secretion, and the expression of inflammatory genes in vitro in chondrocytes and macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, liraglutide shifted polarized macrophage phenotype in vitro from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, liraglutide exerted anti-catabolic activity by significantly decreasing the activities of metalloproteinases and aggrecanases, a family of catabolic enzymes involved in cartilage breakdown in vitro. Overall, the findings of this study showed that liraglutide ameliorated OA-associated pain, possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and could constitute a novel therapeutic candidate for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - C Bougault
- Sorbonne University, INSERM CRSA St-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - R Rattenbach
- 4P-Pharma, Lille, France.,4Moving Biotech, Lille, France
| | | | - C Jacques
- Sorbonne University, INSERM CRSA St-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - F Berenbaum
- 4Moving Biotech, Lille, France. .,Sorbonne University, INSERM CRSA, Rheumatology Department, AP-HP St-Antoine, Paris, France.
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Wang X, Guan Y, Xiang S, Clark KL, Alexander PG, Simonian LE, Deng Y, Lin H. Role of Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Regulating Chondrocytic Hypertrophy in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:812081. [PMID: 35141220 PMCID: PMC8820467 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.812081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past 3 decades, the cartilage repair potential of mesenchymal stromal cells, or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has been widely examined in animal studies. Unfortunately, the phenotype and physical properties of MSC-derived cartilage tissue are not comparable to native hyaline cartilage. In particular, chondrocytic hypertrophy, a phenotype that is not observed in healthy hyaline cartilage, is concomitant with MSC chondrogenesis. Given that hypertrophic chondrocytes potentially undergo apoptosis or convert into osteoblasts, this undesired phenotype needs to be prevented or minimized before MSCs can be used to repair cartilage injuries in the clinic. In this review, we first provide an overview of chondrocytic hypertrophy and briefly summarize current methods for suppressing hypertrophy in MSC-derived cartilage. We then highlight recent progress on modulating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway for inhibiting hypertrophy. Specially, we discuss the potential crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin with other pathways in regulating hypertrophy. Lastly, we explore future perspectives to further understand the role of Wnt/β-catenin in chondrocytic hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Karen L. Clark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Peter G. Alexander
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lauren E. Simonian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yuhao Deng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hang Lin, ; Yuhao Deng,
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Hang Lin, ; Yuhao Deng,
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42
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Sun Y, Tsui YK, Yu M, Lyu M, Cheung K, Kao R, Leung V. Integration of a miniaturized DMMB assay with high-throughput screening for identifying regulators of proteoglycan metabolism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1083. [PMID: 35058478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective biosynthesis or function of proteoglycans causes pathological conditions in a variety of tissue systems. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage destruction caused by imbalanced proteoglycan synthesis and degradation. Identifying agents that regulate proteoglycan metabolism may benefit the development of OA-modifying therapeutics. High-throughput screening (HTS) of chemical libraries has paved the way for achieving this goal. However, the implementation and adaptation of HTS assays based on proteoglycan measurement remain underexploited. Using primary porcine chondrocytes as a model, we report a miniaturized dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) assay, which is commonly used to quantitatively evaluate sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with an optimized detection range and reproducibility and its integration with HTS. Treatment with TGF-β1 and IL1-α, known as positive and negative proteoglycan regulators, respectively, supported the assay specificity. A pre-test of chemical screening of 960 compounds identified both stimulators (4.48%) and inhibitors (6.04%) of GAG production. Fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis validated the activity of selected hits on chondroitin sulfate expression in an alginate culture system. Our findings support the implementation of this simple colorimetric assay in HTS to discover modifiers of OA or other diseases related to dysregulated proteoglycan metabolism.
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Abstract
OA is an increasingly common, painful condition with complex aetiology and limited therapies. Approaches to expanding our therapeutic armamentarium have included repurposing existing therapies used for other rheumatological conditions, modifying existing OA preparations to enhance their benefits, and identifying new therapeutics. HCQ and low-dose MTX have been unsuccessful in improving hand OA pain or reducing structural progression. Anti-IL-6 and anti-GM-CSF also did not improve symptoms in hand OA trials, but IL-1 remains an intriguing target for large-joint OA, based on reduced joint replacements in a post hoc analysis from a large cardiovascular disease trial. The peripheral nociceptive pathway appears an attractive target, with mAbs to nerve growth factor and IA capsaicin demonstrating efficacy; tropomyosin receptor kinase A inhibitors are at an earlier stage of development. Limited evidence suggests pharmacological therapies can modify cartilage and bone structural progression, though evidence of synchronous symptom benefits are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Ghouri
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds and
| | - Jonathan G Quicke
- Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds and
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Hodgkinson T, Kelly DC, Curtin CM, O'Brien FJ. Mechanosignalling in cartilage: an emerging target for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021. [PMID: 34934171 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli have fundamental roles in articular cartilage during health and disease. Chondrocytes respond to the physical properties of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) and the mechanical forces exerted on them during joint loading. In osteoarthritis (OA), catabolic processes degrade the functional ECM and the composition and viscoelastic properties of the ECM produced by chondrocytes are altered. The abnormal loading environment created by these alterations propagates cell dysfunction and inflammation. Chondrocytes sense their physical environment via an array of mechanosensitive receptors and channels that activate a complex network of downstream signalling pathways to regulate several cell processes central to OA pathology. Advances in understanding the complex roles of specific mechanosignalling mechanisms in healthy and OA cartilage have highlighted molecular processes that can be therapeutically targeted to interrupt pathological feedback loops. The potential for combining these mechanosignalling targets with the rapidly expanding field of smart mechanoresponsive biomaterials and delivery systems is an emerging paradigm in OA treatment. The continued advances in this field have the potential to enable restoration of healthy mechanical microenvironments and signalling through the development of precision therapeutics, mechanoregulated biomaterials and drug systems in the near future.
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis affects over 10% of our population over the age of 60 years old, significantly reducing their quality of life and increasing morbidity. A number of aetiological factors contribute to the development of osteoarthritis including obesity, genetic factors, injury and increasing age. Many of the pathological processes which underlie the condition remain poorly understood and therefore limited progress has been made in developing effective disease modifying treatments. This review article aims to summarise our current understanding of osteoarthritis, the molecular mechanisms which drive the disease and current progress in developing therapeutic strategies to target these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Panikkar
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury, GBR
| | | | - Sara Dardak
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, St George's Hospital, London, GBR
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Wu C, Luo J, Liu Y, Fan J, Shang X, Liu R, Ye C, Yang J, Cao H. Doxorubicin suppresses chondrocyte differentiation by stimulating ROS production. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106013. [PMID: 34547383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used as an effective chemotherapy agent in human cancer. Our study aimed to explore the specific mechanism of DOX in osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS A mouse OA model was established by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM), and the role of DOX was determined by intraperitoneally injecting 5 or 10 mg/kg DOX. The expression of collagen type-II (Col-2) was detected by immunohistochemistry staining, and the expression of plasma interleukin (IL)-6 (IL-6), IL-1beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (TNF-α) was evaluated by specific ELISA kits, and the expression of Sry-related HMG box 9 (SOX-9) was detected by western blot. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were used to explore the mechanism of DOX in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined by flow cytometry. Cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Chondrocyte differentiation was evaluated by Alcian blue staining assay. The expression of chondrocyte differentiation-related markers was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS DOX exposure exacerbated OA progression and inhibited chondrocyte differentiation of BMMSCs. DOX also increased ROS production in BMMSCs. Meanwhile, DOX further increased the elevation of plasma IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α induced by DMM and obviously reduced the expression of chondrocyte differentiation-related markers, including collagen type II a1 (Col2A1), collagen type X alpha 1 (Col10A1), and aggrecan. Moreover, ROS scavengers NAC and MitoQ efficiently alleviated DOX toxicity, including ROS production and chondrocyte differentiation in BMMSCs. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that DOX suppressed chondrocyte differentiation by stimulating ROS production, providing a novel theoretical strategy for the clinical treatment of OA caused by DOX.
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Ge D, O'Brien MJ, Savoie FH, Gimble JM, Wu X, Gilbert MH, Clark-Patterson GL, Schuster JD, Miller KS, Wang A, Myers L, You Z. Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells expressing doublecortin improve cartilage repair in rabbits and monkeys. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:82. [PMID: 34848747 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized cartilage lesions in early osteoarthritis and acute joint injuries are usually treated surgically to restore function and relieve pain. However, a persistent clinical challenge remains in how to repair the cartilage lesions. We expressed doublecortin (DCX) in human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASCs) and engineered hASCs into cartilage tissues using an in vitro 96-well pellet culture system. The cartilage tissue constructs with and without DCX expression were implanted in the knee cartilage defects of rabbits (n = 42) and monkeys (n = 12). Cohorts of animals were euthanized at 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery to evaluate the cartilage repair outcomes. We found that DCX expression in hASCs increased expression of growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) and matrilin 2 in the engineered cartilage tissues. The cartilage tissues with DCX expression significantly enhanced cartilage repair as assessed macroscopically and histologically at 6, 12, and 24 months after implantation in the rabbits and 24 months after implantation in the monkeys, compared to the cartilage tissues without DCX expression. These findings suggest that hASCs expressing DCX may be engineered into cartilage tissues that can be used to treat localized cartilage lesions.
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Cho Y, Jeong S, Kim H, Kang D, Lee J, Kang SB, Kim JH. Disease-modifying therapeutic strategies in osteoarthritis: current status and future directions. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1689-1696. [PMID: 34848838 PMCID: PMC8640059 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It is characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage and the development of chronic pain and constitutes a considerable socioeconomic burden. Currently, pharmacological treatments mostly aim to relieve the OA symptoms associated with inflammation and pain. However, with increasing understanding of OA pathology, several potential therapeutic targets have been identified, enabling the development of disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs). By targeting inflammatory cytokines, matrix-degrading enzymes, the Wnt pathway, and OA-associated pain, DMOADs successfully modulate the degenerative changes in osteoarthritic cartilage. Moreover, regenerative approaches aim to counterbalance the loss of cartilage matrix by stimulating chondrogenesis in endogenous stem cells and matrix anabolism in chondrocytes. Emerging strategies include the development of senolytic drugs or RNA therapeutics to eliminate the cellular or molecular sources of factors driving OA. This review describes the current developmental status of DMOADs and the corresponding results from preclinical and clinical trials and discusses the potential of emerging therapeutic approaches to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsik Cho
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Sumin Jeong
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Business Administration, Business School, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Hyeonkyeong Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Donghyun Kang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Seung-Baik Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, 07061, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Cui J, Chen H, Zhang K, Li X. Targeting the Wnt signaling pathway for breast cancer bone metastasis therapy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 100:373-384. [PMID: 34821953 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteolytic bone destruction is found in approximately 60% of advanced breast cancer patients. With the pathogenesis of bone metastasis being unclear, traditional antiresorptive therapeutic strategies might not be ideal for treatment. The Wnt pathway is a highly organized cascade involved in multiple stages of cancer bone metastasis, and Wnt-targeted therapeutic strategies have shown promise in achieving favorable outcomes. In this review, we summarize the current progress of pharmacological Wnt modulators against breast cancer bone metastasis, discuss emerging therapeutic strategies based on Wnt pathway-related targets for bone therapy, and highlight opportunities to better harness the Wnt pathway for bone metastasis therapeutics to further reveal the implications of the Wnt pathway in bone metastasis pathology and provide new ideas for the development of Wnt-based intervention strategies against breast cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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Wu Z, Korntner SH, Mullen AM, Zeugolis DI. Collagen type II: From biosynthesis to advanced biomaterials for cartilage engineering. Biomater Biosyst 2021; 4:100030. [PMID: 36824570 PMCID: PMC9934443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen type II is the major constituent of cartilage tissue. Yet, cartilage engineering approaches are primarily based on collagen type I devices that are associated with suboptimal functional therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we briefly describe cartilage's development and cellular and extracellular composition and organisation. We also provide an overview of collagen type II biosynthesis and purification protocols from tissues of terrestrial and marine species and recombinant systems. We then advocate the use of collagen type II as a building block in cartilage engineering approaches, based on safety, efficiency and efficacy data that have been derived over the years from numerous in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wu
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL) and Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - SH Korntner
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL) and Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - AM Mullen
- Teagasc Research Centre, Ashtown, Ireland
| | - DI Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL) and Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Charles Institute of Dermatology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research and School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence author at: REMODEL, NUI Galway & UCD.
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