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Mamachan M, Sharun K, Banu SA, Muthu S, Pawde AM, Abualigah L, Maiti SK. Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration: Insights into molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102380. [PMID: 38615643 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cartilage regeneration has gained significant attention in regenerative medicine. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC-based cartilage regeneration and explores various therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of MSCs in this context. MSCs exhibit multipotent capabilities and can differentiate into various cell lineages under specific microenvironmental cues. Chondrogenic differentiation, a complex process involving signaling pathways, transcription factors, and growth factors, plays a pivotal role in the successful regeneration of cartilage tissue. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs is tightly regulated by growth factors and signaling pathways such as TGF-β, BMP, Wnt/β-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, NOTCH, and IHH (Indian hedgehog). Understanding the intricate balance between these pathways is crucial for directing lineage-specific differentiation and preventing undesirable chondrocyte hypertrophy. Additionally, paracrine effects of MSCs, mediated by the secretion of bioactive factors, contribute significantly to immunomodulation, recruitment of endogenous stem cells, and maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype. Pre-treatment strategies utilized to potentiate MSCs, such as hypoxic conditions, low-intensity ultrasound, kartogenin treatment, and gene editing, are also discussed for their potential to enhance MSC survival, differentiation, and paracrine effects. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-based cartilage regeneration and outlines promising therapeutic strategies. The insights presented contribute to the ongoing efforts in optimizing MSC-based therapies for effective cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Mamachan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Kaur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Laith Abualigah
- Artificial Intelligence and Sensing Technologies (AIST) Research Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Computer Science Department, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos 13-5053, Lebanon; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 27500, Malaysia
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shivaramu S, Maiti SK, Banu SA, Kalaiselvan E, Sharun K, Mishra M, Mohan D, Palakkara S, Kumar S, Sahoo M, Hescheler J. Synergistic Hepatoprotective Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma in a Rat Model of Bile Duct Ligation-Induced Liver Cirrhosis. Cells 2024; 13:404. [PMID: 38474368 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis poses a global health challenge marked by significant prevalence and mortality. Current therapeutic options are limited by high costs and immune-mediated rejection, necessitating the exploration of innovative strategies to enhance hepatic self-rehabilitation, and counteract the underlying pathological mechanisms. We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rh-HGF) on a rat model of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Treatment with PRP or rh-HGF alone did not yield significant hepatoprotection in the BDL-induced liver cirrhosis model. However, ADMSC transplantation alone exhibited the potential to alleviate impaired liver conditions. The combination of PRP and rh-HGF demonstrated superior ameliorative effects compared to either treatment alone. Notably, the combination of ADMSC + PRP or ADMSC + rh-HGF significantly enhanced hepatoprotective capacity compared to individual or combined PRP and rh-HGF therapies. Injection of ADMSC via the tail vein reduced inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and collagen deposition, improving overall liver function. This improvement was more pronounced when ADMSC was administered with PRP and rh-HGF versus monotherapy. Our study concludes that ADMSCs exert antifibrotic effects by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and inducing apoptosis. ADMSCs also demonstrate immune-modulatory effects and transdifferentiate into hepatic progenitor cells, secreting trophic factors, cytokines, and chemokines that promote impaired liver regeneration. The observed arrest in liver fibrosis progression highlights the potential therapeutic impact of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaraju Shivaramu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shajahan Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Elangovan Kalaiselvan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Mamta Mishra
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mohan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeetha Palakkara
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Division of Extension Education, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monalisa Sahoo
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Sharun K, Banu SA, Mamachan M, Emmanuel RS, Kumar R, Vinodhkumar OR, Dhama K, Pawde AM, Maiti SK, Pal A. Thermoresponsive and Injectable Pluronic F127 Hydrogel for Loading Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Discov Med 2024; 36:294-307. [PMID: 38409835 DOI: 10.24976/discov.med.202436181.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell-based therapies display immense potential in regenerative medicine, highlighting the crucial significance of devising efficient delivery methods. This study centers on a pioneering approach that utilizes Pluronic F127 (PF127) as a thermoresponsive and injectable hydrogel designed for the encapsulation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs). METHODS The degradation profile, gelation time, and microstructure of the PF127 hydrogel were thoroughly examined. AdMSCs were isolated, expanded, and characterized based on their multi-lineage differentiation potential. AdMSCs from the third passage were specifically employed for encapsulation within the PF127 hydrogel. Subsequently, the cytotoxicity of the AdMSC-loaded PF127 hydrogel was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and apoptosis assays. RESULTS Characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the PF127 hydrogel exhibited a porous structure, indicating its suitability for accommodating AdMSCs and facilitating wound healing. The PF127 hydrogel demonstrated reversible phase transitions, rendering it suitable for in vivo applications. Studies on the gelation time of PF127 hydrogel unveiled a concentration-dependent decrease in gelation time, offering adaptability for diverse medical applications. Analysis of the degradation profile showcased a seven-day degradation period, leading to the decision for weekly topical applications. Cytotoxicity assessments confirmed that AdMSCs loaded into the PF127 hydrogel maintained heightened metabolic activity for up to one week, affirming the safety and appropriateness of the PF127 hydrogel for encapsulating cellular therapeutics. Furthermore, cell apoptosis assays consistently indicated low rates of apoptosis, emphasizing the viability and robust health of AdMSCs when delivered within the hydrogel. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the vast potential of PF127 hydrogel as a versatile and biocompatible delivery system for AdMSCs in the realm of regenerative medicine. Boasting adjustable gelation properties and a remarkable capacity for cell encapsulation, this pioneering delivery system presents a promising path for applications in tissue engineering and wound healing. Ultimately, these advancements propel and elevate the landscape of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, 32003 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shajahan Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Merlin Mamachan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rony S Emmanuel
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Obli Rajendran Vinodhkumar
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Motiram Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amar Pal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bharti D, Ajith Y, Sharun K, Banu SA, Kumar A, Bhardwaj A, Sidar SK, Dhaleshwari. Therapeutic applications of canine platelets and their derivatives: a narrative review. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 58:100840. [PMID: 37979613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Platelets contain a multitude of growth factors and play a crucial role in physiological processes such as thrombogenesis, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. As a result, platelet-derived products have significant potential for efficient utilization in the realm of regenerative medicine due to their therapeutic and biological attributes. Numerous studies have already substantiated the therapeutic viability of platelets in various canine ailments. The existing literature indicates a substantial surge in the clinical application of canine platelets, positioning platelet-derived products as a viable alternative to conventional therapeutic agents. Platelet concentrates, including platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin are commonly used as a therapeutic modality in clinical cases. These therapeutic derivatives exhibit effectiveness in tissue regeneration and can serve as complementary therapies. Notably, they offer a cost-effective and easily accessible therapeutic option, which has demonstrated its benefits in chronic inflammatory disorders such as osteoarthritis and tendinitis, ophthalmic conditions, wound healing, and mandibular injuries in canine patients. The broad spectrum of therapeutic effects displayed by platelets is providing researchers with novel perspectives for crafting therapeutic models in future investigations. This review centers on exploring the therapeutic potential of canine platelets across diverse disorders. Further exploration into platelet products, encompassing their preparation and applicability in canine medicine, is imperative. These inquiries hold the promise of unveiling fresh horizons for the domain of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Bharti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263145, India
| | - Y Ajith
- Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala 680651, India.
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Akshay Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Abhishek Bhardwaj
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141012, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sidar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Dhaleshwari
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
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Borthakur U, Ram Verma M, Singh YP, Kumar S, Kumar D, Bangar YC, Sharun K, Dhama K. Prevalence of babesiosis in bovines of India: a meta-analytical approach for 30 years (1990-2019). Vet Q 2023; 43:1-9. [PMID: 36846918 PMCID: PMC10026754 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2185695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND India has a massive population of bovines, which makes the framework of the economy mainly relying on milk and meat production. Parasitic diseases such as babesiosis are detrimental to bovines by decreasing animal welfare and production efficiency. AIM Performing a meta-analysis of the prevalence of babesiosis over 30 years viz 1990 to 2019 within India to pool out individual studies from different country regions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The studies were reviewed thoroughly to assess the quality, and it was done by following the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) and MOOSE protocols. The prevalence of babesiosis in cattle and buffaloes was calculated using meta-analysis tools using R-software and Q Statistics. RESULTS The systematic review and meta-analysis performed on 47 studies among bovine, 48 studies among cattle, and 13 studies among buffaloes revealed the (pooled) prevalence of babesiosis in India as 10.9% (6.3%-18.2%; Q = 5132.03, d.f. = 46, P < 0.001), 11.9% (6.9%-19.8%; Q = 5060.2, d.f.=47, P < 0.001), and 6.0% (2.6%-13.2%; Q = 500.55, d.f.=12, P < 0.001), respectively, which provides a rather exact scenario of the prevalence of this haemoparasitic disease across the country. In addition, cattle were having higher risk of babesiosis than buffalo. CONCLUSION The findings from the meta-analysis showed that the disease is prevalent across the country, and that bovines are highly affected by it. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Appropriate prevention and control measures should be taken to mitigate this disease and enhance welfare and production performances of bovines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udipta Borthakur
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yash Pal Singh
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogesh Chandrakant Bangar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, The Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mankuzhy P, Dharmarajan A, Perumalsamy LR, Sharun K, Samji P, Dilley RJ. The role of Wnt signaling in mesenchymal stromal cell-driven angiogenesis. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102240. [PMID: 37879288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Development, growth, and remodeling of blood vessels occur through an intricate process involving cell differentiation, proliferation, and rearrangement by cell migration under the direction of various signaling pathways. Recent reports highlight that resident and exogenous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the potential to regulate the neovascularization process through paracrine secretion of proangiogenic factors. Recent research has established that the vasculogenic potential of MSCs is regulated by several signaling pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway, and their interplay. These findings emphasize the complex nature of the vasculogenic process and underscore the importance of understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms for the development of effective cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. This review provides an updated briefing on the canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways and summarizes the recent reports of both in vitro and in vivo studies with the involvement of MSCs of various sources in the vasculogenic process mediated by Wnt signaling pathways. Here we outline the current understanding of the plausible role of the Wnt signaling pathway, specifically in MSC-regulated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratheesh Mankuzhy
- Department of Surgery and Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia; College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala 673576 India.
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia
| | - Lakshmi R Perumalsamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Samji
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Rodney J Dilley
- Department of Surgery and Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia
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Sharun K, Banu SA, Pawde AM, Kumar R, Akash S, Dhama K, Pal A. ChatGPT and artificial hallucinations in stem cell research: assessing the accuracy of generated references - a preliminary study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5275-5278. [PMID: 37811040 PMCID: PMC10553015 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell research has the transformative potential to revolutionize medicine. Language models like ChatGPT, which use artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing, generate human-like text that can aid researchers. However, it is vital to ensure the accuracy and reliability of AI-generated references. This study assesses Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT)'s utility in stem cell research and evaluates the accuracy of its references. Of the 86 references analyzed, 15.12% were fabricated and 9.30% were erroneous. These errors were due to limitations such as no real-time internet access and reliance on preexisting data. Artificial hallucinations were also observed, where the text seems plausible but deviates from fact. Monitoring, diverse training, and expanding knowledge cut-off can help to reduce fabricated references and hallucinations. Researchers must verify references and consider the limitations of AI models. Further research is needed to enhance the accuracy of such language models. Despite these challenges, ChatGPT has the potential to be a valuable tool for stem cell research. It can help researchers to stay up-to-date on the latest developments in the field and to find relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sharun K, Chandran D, Manjusha KM, Mankuzhy PD, Kumar R, Pawde AM, Dhama K, El-Husseiny HM, Amarpal. Advances and prospects of platelet-rich plasma therapy in veterinary ophthalmology. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1031-1045. [PMID: 36607500 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, there has been a significant uptick on the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a better alternative for ophthalmologic therapies in pathologies, primarily of the ocular surface. PRP is a class of liquid platelet concentrate containing a supra-physiological concentration of platelets in a relatively small amount of plasma. Its potential to heal various tissues has piqued interest in its therapeutic application as a biomaterial in regenerative medicine. It is currently a popular therapeutic agent in plastic surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, reconstructive surgery, and even oral and maxillofacial surgery. Based on the data from in vitro and in vivo studies, it can be concluded that PRP possesses adequate therapeutic potential in ocular pathologies, especially those involving cornea. In addition, the high concentrations of growth factors (TGF-β, VEGF, EGF) present in the PRP accelerate the healing of the corneal epithelium. PRP has great therapeutic prospects in veterinary ophthalmology as a regenerative therapeutic modality. However, several variables are yet to be defined and standardized that can directly affect the efficacy of PRP application in different ophthalmic conditions. There is a shortage of research on the use of PRP in ocular surface defects compared to the number of studies and reports on the use of autologous and allogeneic serum eye drops. Therefore, a data-driven approach is required to generate consensus/guidelines for the preparation, characterization, and therapeutic use of PRP in veterinary ophthalmology. This review aims to inform readers of the latest research on PRP, including its preparation methods, physiological and biochemical properties, clinical applications in veterinary ophthalmology, and their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 642109, India
| | - K M Manjusha
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Pratheesh D Mankuzhy
- Department of Physiology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-0054, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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Banu SA, Pawde AM, Sharun K, Kalaiselvan E, Shivaramu S, Mathesh K, Chandra V, Kumar R, Maiti SK, Verma MR, Singh KP, Amarpal. Evaluation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with eggshell membrane for full-thickness wound healing in a rabbit model. Cell Tissue Bank 2023:10.1007/s10561-023-10105-0. [PMID: 37542003 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials capable of managing wounds should have essential features like providing a natural microenvironment for wound healing and as support material for stimulating tissue growth. Eggshell membrane (ESM) is a highly produced global waste due to increased egg consumption. The unique and fascinating properties of ESM allow their potential application in tissue regeneration. The wound healing capacity of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), ESM, and their combination in rabbits with full-thickness skin defect (2 × 2 cm2) was evaluated. Twenty-five clinically healthy New Zealand White rabbits were divided into five groups of five animals each, with group A receiving no treatment (control group), group B receiving only fibrin glue (FG), group C receiving FG and ESM as a dressing, group D receiving FG and BM-MSCs, and group E receiving a combination of FG, ESM, and BM-MSCs. Wound healing was assessed using clinical, macroscopical, photographic, histological, histochemical, hematological, and biochemical analysis. Macroscopic examination of wounds revealed that healing was exceptional in group E, followed by groups D and C, compared to the control group. Histopathological findings revealed improved quality and a faster rate of healing in group E compared to groups A and B. In addition, healing in group B treated with topical FG alone was nearly identical to that in control group A. However, groups C and D showed improved and faster recovery than control groups A and B. The macroscopic, photographic, histological, and histochemical evaluations revealed that the combined use of BM-MSCs, ESM, and FG had superior and faster healing than the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amitha Banu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - E Kalaiselvan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivaraju Shivaramu
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karikalan Mathesh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swapan Kumar Maiti
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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10
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Jaismon PA, Sushmitha AP, Verma MR, Singh YP, Borthakur U, Kumar S, Sharun K, Dhama K. Prevalence of bovine brucellosis in India: a meta-analysis. Vet Q 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37341425 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2228355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The livestock sector has a substantial role in India. Bovine brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic disease that hinders production and is a vital public health concern. Even though brucellosis is one of the important diseases in India, the exact prevalence details of the disease are deficient. OBJECTIVE To derive an estimate of the prevalence of brucellosis in India. MATERIAL AND METHODS To counter this information barrier, a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out in this study. PRISMA and MOOSE protocols were employed for obtaining and scrutinizing the published works. A total of 133 studies were taken from online sources and various publications. Among these, 69 studies were incorporated that includes a total of 140908 bovines. The data was compiled from 1990 to 2019 around India. Meta-analysis was carried out using R software. RESULTS Pooled estimates of the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and buffalo were 16.6% (95% CI: 13.0, 21.1) and 14.2% (95% CI: 8.9, 21.8), respectively, and in bovines was 15.1% (95% CI: 12.0, 18.8). The meta-analysis revealed that there was significant heterogeneity between the published studies with heterogeneity across studies in bovines was 99.4%. CONCLUSION As the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in India is not known hence the present study will provide the knowledge on prevalence and epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in India and will be helpful for the government to make policy plans to control this disease in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Jaismon
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - A P Sushmitha
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - Yash Pal Singh
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - Udipta Borthakur
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India-243122
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11
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Sivanarayanan TB, Bhat IA, Sharun K, Palakkara S, Singh R, Remya, Parmar MS, Bhardwaj R, Chandra V, Munuswamy P, Kinjavdekar P, Pawde AM, Amarpal, Sharma GT. Allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and its conditioned media for repairing acute and sub-acute peripheral nerve injuries in a rabbit model. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102053. [PMID: 36907044 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated healing potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and BM-MSCs-conditioned medium (BM-MSCs-CM) for acute and subacute injuries in the rabbit peripheral nerve injury model. The regenerative capacity of MSCs was evaluated in 40 rabbits divided into eight groups, four groups each for acute and subacute injury models. BM-MSCs and BM-MSCS-CM were prepared by isolating allogenic bone marrow from the iliac crest. After inducing sciatic nerve crush injury, different treatments consisting of PBS, Laminin, BM-MSCs + laminin, and BM-MSCS-CM + laminin were used on the day of injury in the acute injury model and after ten days of crush injury in the subacute groups. The parameters studied included: pain, total neurological score, gastrocnemius muscle weight and volume ratio, histopathology of the sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Findings indicate that BM-MSCs and BM-MSCS-CM have augmented the regenerative capacity in acute and subacute injury groups with a slightly better improvement in the subacute groups than the animals in acute injury groups. Histopathology data revealed different levels of regenerative process undergoing in the nerve. Neurological observations, gastrocnemius muscle evaluation, muscle histopathology, and the SEM results depicted better healing in animals treated with BM-MSCs and BM-MSCS-CM. With this data, it could be concluded that BM-MSCs support the healing of injured peripheral nerves, and the BM-MSCS-CM does accelerate the healing of acute and subacute peripheral nerve injuries in rabbits. However, stem cell therapy may be indicated during the subacute phase for better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Sivanarayanan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeetha Palakkara
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Remya
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mehtab Singh Parmar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Bhardwaj
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Kinjavdekar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - G Taru Sharma
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, India.
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12
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Nair SS, Abhishek, Saini S, M S C, Sharun K, V A, Thomas P, Kumar B, Chaturvedi VK. Dermatophytosis caused by Nannizzia nana (Microsporum nanum): a comprehensive review on a novel pathogen. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:509-521. [PMID: 36437438 PMCID: PMC9943922 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinophilic fungi are mostly soil-inhabiting organisms with occasional infections in humans and animals. Even though most dermatophytes are host-adapted, cross-species infections are common by zoophilic and geophilic dermatophytes. N. nana is considered an etiological agent of ringworm in pigs but has also been isolated from other animals, including humans. However, it also possesses many characteristics of geophilic dermatophytes including the ability to grow in soil. N. nana produces characteristic pear-shaped macroconidia and usually exhibits an ectothrix pattern of hair infection. It has been isolated from dermatitis lesions as well as from soil. N. nana infections in pigs are not of much concern as far as economy or health is concerned. But it has been associated with onychomycosis and gonathritis in humans, which are significant in human medicine. The shift in the predominance of dermatophytes in humans and the ability to evolve into a potential tinea pathogen necessitates more understanding of the physiology and genetics of N. nana. In this review, we have attempted a detailed analysis of the studies about N. nana, emphasizing growth and cultural characters, physiology, isolation, infection in humans and animals, molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu S Nair
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
| | - Abhishek
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
| | - Shubham Saini
- Division of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Chandana M S
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Athira V
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Prasad Thomas
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Bablu Kumar
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - V K Chaturvedi
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
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13
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Chopra H, Islam MA, Sharun K, Emran TB, Al-Tawfiq JA, Dhama K. Recent advances in the treatment of biofilms induced surgical site infections. Int J Surg 2023; 109:65-67. [PMID: 36799798 PMCID: PMC10389243 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Md. Aminul Islam
- COVID-19 Diagnostic Lab, Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Patient Safety, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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14
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Sharun K, Tiwari R, Yatoo MI, Natesan S, Megawati D, Singh KP, Michalak I, Dhama K. A comprehensive review on pharmacologic agents, immunotherapies and supportive therapeutics for COVID-19. Narra J 2022; 2:e92. [PMID: 38449903 PMCID: PMC10914132 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i3.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected many countries throughout the world. As urgency is a necessity, most efforts have focused on identifying small molecule drugs that can be repurposed for use as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. Although several drug candidates have been identified using in silico method and in vitro studies, most of these drugs require the support of in vivo data before they can be considered for clinical trials. Several drugs are considered promising therapeutic agents for COVID-19. In addition to the direct-acting antiviral drugs, supportive therapies including traditional Chinese medicine, immunotherapies, immunomodulators, and nutritional therapy could contribute a major role in treating COVID-19 patients. Some of these drugs have already been included in the treatment guidelines, recommendations, and standard operating procedures. In this article, we comprehensively review the approved and potential therapeutic drugs, immune cells-based therapies, immunomodulatory agents/drugs, herbs and plant metabolites, nutritional and dietary for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mohd I. Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng Srinagar, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Senthilkumar Natesan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Opp to Airforce station HQ, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Dewi Megawati
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University, Denpasar, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Karam P. Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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15
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Sharun K, Muthu S, Mankuzhy PD, Pawde AM, Chandra V, Lorenzo JM, Dhama K, Sharma GT. Cell-free therapy for canine osteoarthritis: Current evidence and prospects. Vet Q 2022; 42:224-230. [PMID: 36336651 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2145620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Orthopaedic Research Group Coimbatore 641045, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Orthopedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624304, India
| | - Pratheesh D. Mankuzhy
- Department of Physiology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - Abhijit M. Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Universidade de Vigo, Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Facultade de Ciencias de Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G. Taru Sharma
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad-500032, India
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16
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Gachabayov M, Sharun K, Felsenreich DM, Nainu F, Anwar S, Yufika A, Ophinni Y, Yamada C, Fahriani M, Husnah M, Raad R, Khiri NME, Abdalla RYA, Adam RY, Ismaeil MIH, Ismail AY, Kacem W, Teyeb Z, Aloui K, Hafsi M, Ferjani M, Dahman NBH, Deeb DA, Emad D, Abbas KS, Monib FA, Sami FS, Ramanarayanan S, Panchawagh S, Anandu S, Haque MA, Ferreto LED, Briones MFC, Morales RBI, Lazcano-Díaz S, Aburto JTO, Rojas JET, Balogun EO, Kusuma HI, Yeni CM, Utami NA, Enitan SS, Yomi AR, Durosinmi A, Adejumo EN, Ezigbo ED, Babadi E, Kakemam E, Ullah I, Malik NI, Rosiello F, Emran TB, Imelda E, Wendt GW, Arab-Zozani M, Dhama K, Mudatsir M, Harapan H. Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2022; 11:345. [PMID: 36128553 PMCID: PMC9468621 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109575.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Risk perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are considered important as they impact community health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 and to assess the factors associated with such risk perceptions among community members in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and South America. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America from February to May 2021. A questionnaire was utilized to assess the perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 and its plausible determinants. A logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with such risk perceptions. Results: A total of 1,646 responses were included in the analysis of the perceived risk of becoming infected and dying from COVID-19. Our data suggested that 36.4% of participants had a high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, while only 22.4% had a perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Being a woman, working in healthcare-related sectors, contracting pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, as well as seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV were all associated with a higher perceived risk of becoming infected with COVID-19. In addition, being a woman, elderly, having heart disease and pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, and seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV had a higher perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Conclusions: The perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 are relatively low among respondents; this suggests the need to conduct health campaigns to disseminate knowledge and information on the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Gachabayov
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Emergency Hospital, Vladimir, 600014, Russian Federation
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Daniel M. Felsenreich
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Amanda Yufika
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Youdiil Ophinni
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02139, USA
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan
| | - Chika Yamada
- Department of Environmental Coexistence, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8304, Japan
| | - Marhami Fahriani
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Milda Husnah
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Master Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, BAnda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Rawan Raad
- Faculty of Medicine and General Surgery, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, 407, Sudan
| | | | | | | | | | - Asma Y. Ismail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, 12769, Sudan
| | - Wajdi Kacem
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 2074, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Teyeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 2074, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Aloui
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 2074, Tunisia
| | - Montacer Hafsi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 2074, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ferjani
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, 4180, Tunisia
| | | | - Dalia A. Deeb
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, El-sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Dina Emad
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Nasr City, Cairo, 1181, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma A. Monib
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Farah S. Sami
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Nasr City, Cairo, 1181, Egypt
| | - Subramaniam Ramanarayanan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Nellikuzhi, Kothamangalam, Kerala, 686691, India
| | - Suhrud Panchawagh
- Department of General Medicine, Smt. KashibaiNavale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, 411041, India
| | - Sunil Anandu
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Md Ariful Haque
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Lirane ED. Ferreto
- Department of Public Health and Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, 85601-970, Brazil
| | - María FC. Briones
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, 4781218, Chile
| | - Rocío BI. Morales
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, 4781218, Chile
| | | | - José TO. Aburto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, 4781218, Chile
| | - Jorge ET. Rojas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, 4781218, Chile
| | - Emmanuel O. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, 2222, Nigeria
| | - Hendrix I. Kusuma
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Master Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, BAnda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Cut Meurah Yeni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, 24415, Indonesia
| | - Niken Asri Utami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, 24415, Indonesia
| | - Seyi S. Enitan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, 121103, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Esther N. Adejumo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, 121103, Nigeria
| | - Eyiuche D. Ezigbo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 40006, Nigeria
| | - Elham Babadi
- Research Fellow, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 14604, USA
| | - Edris Kakemam
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516599001, Iran
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Najma I. Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Francesco Rosiello
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Talha B. Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Eva Imelda
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Guilherme W. Wendt
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, 85601-970, Brazil
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, 97, Iran
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Mudatsir Mudatsir
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
- Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Centre, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 231111, Indonesia
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Frediansyah A, Sallam M, Yufika A, Sharun K, Iqhrammullah M, Chandran D, Mamada SS, Sallam DE, Khader Y, Lemu YK, Yusuf F, Kretchy JP, Abdeen Z, Smith Torres-Roman J, Acharya Y, Bondarenko A, Ikram A, Jamil KF, Kotfis K, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Megawati D, Rademaker M, Emran TB, Memish ZA, Vento S, Nainu F, Harapan H. Acute severe hepatitis of unknown etiology in children: A mini-review. Narra J 2022; 2:e83. [PMID: 38449700 PMCID: PMC10914120 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i2.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of acute, severe non hepA-E hepatitis of unknown etiology (ASHUE) has attracted global concern owing to the very young age of the patients and its unknown etiology. Although this condition has been linked to several possible causes, including viral infection, drugs and/or toxin exposure, the exact cause remains unknown; this makes treatment recommendation very difficult. In this review, we summarize recent updates on the clinical manifestations, complemented with laboratory results, case numbers with the global distribution and other epidemiological characteristics, and the possible etiologies. We also provide the proposed actions that could be undertaken to control and prevent further spread of this hepatitis. Since many etiological and pathological aspects of the acute non hepA-E hepatitis remain unclear, further research is needed to minimize the severe impact of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andri Frediansyah
- National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Amanda Yufika
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Muhammad Iqhrammullah
- Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sukamto S. Mamada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Dina E. Sallam
- Pediatrics and Pediatric Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yousef Khader
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Jordan
| | - Yohannes K. Lemu
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Fauzi Yusuf
- Gastroenterohepatology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - James-Paul Kretchy
- Public Health Unit, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Central University, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ziad Abdeen
- Al-Quds Nutrition and Health Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu Dies, Palestine
| | | | - Yogesh Acharya
- Western Vascular Institute, University Hospital Galway, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anastasia Bondarenko
- Pediatric Infectious Disease and Pediatric Immunology Department, Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kurnia F. Jamil
- Division of Tropical Medicine & Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Katarzyna Kotfis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Acute Intoxications, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, ICREA, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dewi Megawati
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, US
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Marius Rademaker
- Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland Medical School, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Talha B. Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ziad A. Memish
- Research & Innovation CentreKing Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandro Vento
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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18
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Sharun K, Jambagi K, Kumar R, Gugjoo MB, Pawde AM, Tuli HS, Dhama K, Amarpal. Clinical applications of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in veterinary practice. Vet Q 2022; 42:151-166. [PMID: 35841195 PMCID: PMC9364732 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (AdSVF) comprises a heterogeneous cell population, including the multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes. As such, multipotent adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs), are one of the important components of AdSVF. Commonly used techniques to harvest AdSVF involve enzymatic or non-enzymatic methods. The enzymatic method is considered to be the gold standard technique due to its higher yield. The cellular components of AdSVF can be resuspended in normal saline, platelet-rich plasma, or phosphate-buffered saline to produce a ready-to-use solution. Freshly isolated AdSVF has exhibited promising osteogenic and vasculogenic capacity. AdSVF has already been proven to possess therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis management. It is also an attractive therapeutic option for enhancing wound healing. In addition, the combined use of AdSVF and platelet-rich plasma has an additive stimulatory effect in accelerating wound healing and can be considered an alternative to AdMSC treatment. It is also widely used for managing various orthopaedic conditions in clinical settings and has the potential for regenerating bone, cartilage, and tendons. Autologous AdSVF cells are used along with bone substitutes and other biological factors as an alternative to conventional bone grafting techniques owing to their promising osteogenic and vasculogenic capacity. It can also be used for treating osteonecrosis, meniscus tear, chondromalacia, and tendon injuries in veterinary practice. It has several advantages over in vitro expanded AdMSC, including precluding the need for culturing, reduced risk of cell contamination, and cost-effectiveness, making it ideal for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Kaveri Jambagi
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190006, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
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19
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Peer BA, Bhat AR, Shabir U, Bharti MK, Bhat IA, Pandey S, Sharun K, Kumar R, Mathesh K, Saikumar G, Chandra V, Amarpal, Sharma GT. Comparative evaluation of fracture healing potential of differentiated and undifferentiated guinea pig and canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a guinea pig model. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ziarati M, Zorriehzahra MJ, Hassantabar F, Mehrabi Z, Dhawan M, Sharun K, Emran TB, Dhama K, Chaicumpa W, Shamsi S. Zoonotic diseases of fish and their prevention and control. Vet Q 2022; 42:95-118. [PMID: 35635057 PMCID: PMC9397527 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2080298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish and aquatic-derived zoonotic diseases have caused considerable problems in the aquaculture industry and fishery worldwide. In particular, zoonotic diseases can pose widespread threats to humans. With the world’s growing population and potential global trade of aquaculture and fish, the risk of environmental contamination and development of fish and aquatic-derived zoonoses in humans are increasing. The important causes of zoonoses include bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi. The zoonotic bacterial agents are divided into two main groups: Gram-positive (Mycobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Erysipelothricaceae families) and Gram-negative (Aeromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae, Pseudomondaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Hafniaceae families). The premier parasitic agents include cestodes (tapeworm; e.g. Diphyllobothrium spp.), trematodes (fluke; e.g. Opisthorchis spp.), and nematodes (round worm; e.g. Anisakis spp.). In addition, protozoan organisms such as Cryptosporidium spp. are also considered fish-derived zoonotic pathogens. Two groups of fish-associated fungi causing basidiobolomycosis and sporotrichosis also pose a zoonotic risk for humans. The majority of the fish-derived zoonotic diseases are transmitted to humans mainly via the consumption of improperly cooked or raw fish or fish products. Therefore, the incidence of zoonotic diseases can be reduced by properly processing fish and fish products, e.g. by thermal (heat/freezing) treatment. The prevalence of zoonotic agents in fishes varies seasonally and should be regularly monitored to evaluate the prevalence of pathogens in both wild and cultured fish populations. This review focuses on the fish zoonotic agents/diseases and their control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ziarati
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra
- Department of Scientific Information and Communication, Iranian Fisheries Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hassantabar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Sari, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester WA14 5PQ, United Kingdom
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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21
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Sharun K, Musa TH, Musa HH, Kumar R, Pawde AM, Chandra V, Tuli HS, Dhama K, Amarpal, Sharma GT. Mapping global trends in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell research: A bibliometric analysis using scopus database. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 77:103542. [PMID: 35638047 PMCID: PMC9142410 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC) are multipotent adult mesenchymal cells isolated and cultured from the stromal vascular fraction derived from adipose tissue. The present study was conducted to analyze the global trends in AdMSC research using bibliometric and visual analysis tools. Methods The literature search was done on February 13, 2022, using appropriate keywords and inclusion-exclusion criteria from the Scopus database. The extracted data were retrospectively analyzed and visualized using Bibliometrics and R packages and VOSviewer. Results Preliminary analysis identified 1569 documents from the Scopus database published between 2005 and 2021. The average citations received per document was 26.51, whereas the average citations per year per document was 3.347. In addition, the selected documents had an h-index value of 90. China was the most productive country, whereas Seoul National University (South Korea) was identified as the most productive institute/university in AdMSC research. In addition, the National Natural Science Foundation of China funded the most research studies in AdMSC research. Conclusion The findings from this study indicate a progressive increase in interest among the research community towards AdMSC, suggesting promising prospects in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Taha Hussein Musa
- Biomedical Research Institute, Darfur University College, Nyala, Sudan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hassan Hussein Musa
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, 500032, India
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22
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Michalak I, Tiwari R, Dhawan M, Alagawany M, Farag MR, Sharun K, Emran TB, Dhama K. Antioxidant effects of seaweeds and their active compounds on animal health and production - A Review. Vet Q 2022; 42:48-67. [PMID: 35363108 PMCID: PMC9004519 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2061744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants applied as feed additives can improve not only animals’ health and overall performance but also increase their resistance to environmental stress such as heat stress, bad housing conditions, diseases, etc. Marine organisms, for example seaweeds – red, brown, and green macroalgae contain a plethora of biologically active substances, including phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, pigments, vitamins, micro- and macroelements, and proteins known for their antioxidant activity, which can help in the maintenance of appropriate redox status in animals and show pleiotropic effects for enhancing good health, and productivity. The dysregulated production of free radicals is a marked characteristic of several clinical conditions, and antioxidant machinery plays a pivotal role in scavenging the excessive free radicals, thereby preventing and treating infections in animals. Supplementation of seaweeds to animal diet can boost antioxidant activity, immunity, and the gut environment. Dietary supplementation of seaweeds can also enhance meat quality due to the deposition of marine-derived antioxidant components in muscles. The use of natural antioxidants in the meat industry is a practical approach to minimize or prevent lipid oxidation. However, overconsumption of seaweeds, especially brown macroalgae, should be avoided because of their high iodine content. An important point to consider when including seaweeds in animal feed is their variable composition which depends on the species, habitat, location, harvest time, growing conditions such as nutrient concentration in water, light intensity, temperature, etc. This review highlights the beneficial applications of seaweeds and their extracted compounds, which have antioxidant properties as feed additives and impact animal health and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India.,The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester, WA14 5PQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sallam M, Anwar S, Yufika A, Fahriani M, Husnah M, Kusuma HI, Raad R, Khiri NME, Abdalla RYA, Adam RY, Ismaeil MIH, Ismail AY, Kacem W, Teyeb Z, Aloui K, Hafsi M, Dahman NBH, Ferjani M, Deeb D, Emad D, Sami FS, Abbas KS, Monib FA, R S, Panchawagh S, Sharun K, Anandu S, Gachabayov M, Haque MA, Emran TB, Wendt GW, Ferreto LED, Castillo-Briones MF, Inostroza-Morales RB, Lazcano-Díaz SA, Ordóñez-Aburto JT, Troncoso-Rojas JE, Balogun EO, Yomi AR, Durosinmi A, Adejumo EN, Ezigbo ED, Arab-Zozani M, Babadi E, Kakemam E, Ullah I, Malik NI, Dababseh D, Rosiello F, Enitan SS. Willingness-to-pay for COVID-19 vaccine in ten low-middle-income countries in Asia, Africa and South America: A cross-sectional study. Narra J 2022; 2:e74. [PMID: 38450393 PMCID: PMC10914042 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i1.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is considered as one of the greatest challenges to control the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A related challenge is the unwillingness of the general public to pay for vaccination. The objective of this study was to determine willingness-to-pay (WTP) for COVID-19 vaccine among individuals from ten low- middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America. Data were collected using an online questionnaire distributed during February - May 2021 in ten LMICs (Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Egypt, India, Iran, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sudan, and Tunisia). The major response variable of in this study was WTP for a COVID-19 vaccine. The assessment of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was based on items adopted from the World Health Organization (WHO) Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) vaccine hesitancy scale constructs. In this study, 1337 respondents included in the final analysis where the highest number of respondents was from India, while the lowest number was from Egypt. A total of 88.9% (1188/1337) respondents were willing to pay for the COVID-19 vaccination, and 11.1% (149/1337) were not. The average WTP for COVID-19 vaccination was 87.9 US dollars ($), (range: $5-$200). The multivariate model analysis showed that the country, monthly household income, having a history of respiratory disease, the agreement that routine vaccines recommended by health workers are beneficial and having received the flu vaccination within the previous 12 months were strongly associated with the WTP. Based on the country of origin, the highest mean WTP for COVID-19 vaccine was reported in Chile, while the lowest mean WTP for the vaccine was seen among the respondents from Sudan. The availability of free COVID-19 vaccination services appears as a top priority in the LMICs for successful control of the ongoing pandemic. This is particularly important for individuals of a lower socio- economic status. The effects of complacency regarding COVID-19 extends beyond vaccine hesitancy to involve less willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine and a lower value of WTP for the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Amanda Yufika
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Marhami Fahriani
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Milda Husnah
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Hendrix I. Kusuma
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
- Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rawan Raad
- Faculty of Medicine and General Surgery, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | | | | | - Asma Y. Ismail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Wajdi Kacem
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Teyeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Aloui
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Montacer Hafsi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | | | - Manel Ferjani
- Faculty of Dental Medicine Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Dalia Deeb
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, El-sharkia, Egypt
| | - Dina Emad
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Farah S. Sami
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Subramaniam R
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Kothamangalam, India
| | - Suhrud Panchawagh
- Department of General Medicine, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Anandu
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahir Gachabayov
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Emergency Hospital, Vladimir, Russia
| | - Md A. Haque
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yan an Jospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Talha B. Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Guilherme W. Wendt
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Brazil
| | - Lirane ED. Ferreto
- Department of Public Health and Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emmanuel O. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Akele R. Yomi
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Esther N. Adejumo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Eyiuche D. Ezigbo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Edris Kakemam
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Najma I. Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Deema Dababseh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Francesco Rosiello
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Seyi S. Enitan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
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24
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Sharun K, Dhama K, Jambagi K, Pawde AM, Amarpal. Cell-free Therapy for Inflammatory Diseases: Opportunities and Challenges. Recent Adv Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2022; 15:5-8. [PMID: 34931977 DOI: 10.2174/2772270816666211220152218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kaveri Jambagi
- Division of Medicine, ICAR Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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25
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Saied AA, Metwally AA, Alobo M, Shah J, Sharun K, Dhama K. Bovine-derived antibodies and camelid-derived nanobodies as biotherapeutic weapons against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants: A review article. Int J Surg 2022; 98:106233. [PMID: 35065260 PMCID: PMC8768012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected 305 million individuals worldwide and killed about 5.5 million people as of January 10, 2022. SARS-CoV-2 is the third major outbreak caused by a new coronavirus in the previous two decades, following SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Even though vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is considered a critical strategy for preventing virus spread in the population and limiting COVID-19 clinical manifestations, new therapeutic drugs, and management strategies are urgently needed, particularly in light of the growing number of SARS-CoV-2 variants (such as Delta and Omicron variants). However, the use of conventional antibodies has faced many challenges, such as viral escape mutants, increased instability, weak binding, large sizes, the need for large amounts of plasma, and high-cost manufacturing. Furthermore, the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in the human population and recurrent coronavirus spillovers highlight the need for broadly neutralizing antibodies that are not affected by an antigenic drift that could limit future zoonotic infection. Bovine-derived antibodies and camelid-derived nanobodies are more potent and protective than conventional human antibodies, thanks to their inbuilt characteristics, and can be produced in large quantities. In addition, it was reported that these biotherapeutics are effective against a broad spectrum of epitopes, reducing the opportunity of viral pathogens to develop mutational escape. In this review, we focus on the potential benefits behind our rationale for using bovine-derived antibodies and camelid-derived nanobodies in countering SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants and mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbdulRahman A. Saied
- Department of Food Establishments Licensing (Aswan Branch), National Food Safety Authority (NFSA), Aswan, 81511, Egypt,Touristic Activities and Interior Offices Sector (Aswan Office), Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Aswan, 81511, Egypt,Corresponding author. Department of Food Establishments Licensing (Aswan Branch), National Food Safety Authority (NFSA), Aswan, 81511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. Metwally
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81511, Egypt,Corresponding author. Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Moses Alobo
- Grand Challenges Africa, Science for Africa Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Medical Research Center, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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26
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Sharun K, Pawde AM. Autologous platelet-rich plasma for non-ischemic diabetic foot ulcers. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 81:e7-e8. [PMID: 35038497 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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27
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Stephan F, Sharun K, Varghese E, Hamza P, George AJ. Vulvar and vestibulovaginal hemangiosarcoma in a cow: morphological and histopathological observations. Iran J Vet Res 2022; 23:375-379. [PMID: 36874182 PMCID: PMC9984136 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2022.43412.6343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Hemangiosarcoma is defined as the malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of endothelial cells. It is a common tumor affecting dogs and is very rare in cattle. Case description A seven-year-old three months pregnant female Holstein Friesian cross-breed cow was presented with a history of a proliferating irregular dark red friable mass in the vulvar region for the past month. Findings/treatment and outcome The surface of the mass had diffuse ecchymotic hemorrhages. Histopathological examination of the tissue biopsy specimen revealed unencapsulated, infiltrating neoplasm composed of numerous vascular channels with irregular borders surrounded by endothelial cells of variable sizes and shapes supported by a scanty fibrovascular stroma. Based on morphological and histopathological findings, the case was diagnosed as vulvar and vestibulovaginal hemangiosarcoma. The animal was culled due to the poor prognosis. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of vulvar and vestibulovaginal hemangiosarcoma in a cow.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Stephan
- MVSc Student in Livestock Production and Management, Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.,These authors contributed equally to this work and were considered as the first authors
| | - K Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.,These authors contributed equally to this work and were considered as the first authors
| | - E Varghese
- MVSc Student in Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - P Hamza
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - A J George
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, India
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28
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Abstract
There are currently eight vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 that have received Emergency Use Authorization by the WHO that can offer some protection to the world's population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Though research is being published all over the world, public health officials, policymakers and governments are collecting evidence-based information to establish the public health policies. Unfortunately, continued international travel, violations of lockdowns and social distancing, the lack of mask use, the emergence of mutant strains of the virus and lower adherence by a sector of the global population that remains sceptical of the protection offered by vaccines, or about any risks associated with vaccines, hamper these efforts. Here we examine the literature on the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines, with an emphasis on select categories of individuals and against new SARS-CoV-2 strains. The literature shows that these eight vaccines are highly effective in protecting the population from severe disease and death, but there are some issues concerning safety and adverse effects. Further, booster shots and variant-specific vaccines would also be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Chirico
- Department of Public Health, Post-graduate School of Occupational Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Panagiotis Tsigaris
- Department of Economics, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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29
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Harapan H, Anwar S, Yufika A, Sharun K, Gachabayov M, Fahriani M, Husnah M, Raad R, Abdalla RY, Adam RY, Khiri NM, Ismaeil MI, Ismail AY, Kacem W, Dahman NB, Teyeb Z, Aloui K, Hafsi M, Ferjani M, Deeb DA, Emad D, Abbas KS, Monib FA, Sami FS, Subramaniam R, Panchawagh S, Anandu S, Haque MA, Ferreto LE, Briones MF, Morales RB, Díaz SA, Aburto JT, Rojas JE, Balogun EO, Enitan SS, Yomi AR, Durosinmi A, Ezigbo ED, Adejumo EN, Babadi E, Kakemam E, Malik NI, Ullah I, Rosiello DF, Emran TB, Wendt GW, Arab-Zozani M, Wagner AL, Mudatsir M. Vaccine hesitancy among communities in ten countries in Asia, Africa, and South America during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pathog Glob Health 2021; 116:236-243. [PMID: 34928187 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2021.2011580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is considered one of the greatest threats to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs. Lack of trust in vaccine benefits, along with concerns about side effects of the newly developed COVID-19 vaccine, might significantly contribute to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study was to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy among communities in particular their belief in vaccination benefits and perceived risks of new vaccines. An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 countries in Asia, Africa, and South America from February to May 2021. Seven items from the WHO SAGE Vaccine Hesitancy Scale were used to measure a construct of belief in vaccination benefit, and one item measured perceived riskiness of new vaccines. A logistic regression was used to determine which sociodemographic factors were associated with both vaccine hesitancy constructs. A total of 1,832 respondents were included in the final analysis of which 36.2% (range 5.6-52.2%) and 77.6% (range 38.3-91.2%) of them were classified as vaccine hesitant in terms of beliefs in vaccination benefits and concerns about new vaccines, respectively. Respondents from Pakistan had the highest vaccine hesitancy while those from Chile had the lowest. Being females, Muslim, having a non-healthcare-related job and not receiving a flu vaccination during the past 12 months were associated with poor beliefs of vaccination benefits. Those who were living in rural areas, Muslim, and those who did not received a flu vaccination during the past 12 months had relatively higher beliefs that new vaccines are riskier. High prevalence of vaccine hesitancy in some countries during the COVID-19 pandemic might hamper COVID-19 vaccination programs worldwide. Programs should be developed to promote vaccination in those sociodemographic groups with relatively high vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.,Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Samsul Anwar
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Amanda Yufika
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Mahir Gachabayov
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Vladimir City Emergency Hospital, Vladimir, Russia
| | - Marhami Fahriani
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Milda Husnah
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.,Master Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rawan Raad
- Faculty of Medicine and General Surgery, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Sudan
| | | | | | | | | | - Asma Y Ismail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Sudan
| | - Wajdi Kacem
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | | | - Zeineb Teyeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Aloui
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Montacer Hafsi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ferjani
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | | | - Dina Emad
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma A Monib
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Farah S Sami
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R Subramaniam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, India
| | - Suhrud Panchawagh
- Department of General Medicine, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Anandu
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Md Ariful Haque
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yanan Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lirane Ed Ferreto
- Department of Public Health and Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - José To Aburto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge Et Rojas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Emmanuel O Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Eyiuche D Ezigbo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | | | - Elham Babadi
- Research Fellow, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edris Kakemam
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Najma I Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Dott F Rosiello
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Talha B Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Bgc Trust University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Guilherme W Wendt
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Western Paraná State University, Brazil
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Abram L Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mudatsir Mudatsir
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.,Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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30
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Sharun K, Tiwari R, Saied AA, Dhama K. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for domestic and captive animals: An effort to counter COVID-19 pandemic at the human-animal interface. Vaccine 2021; 39:7119-7122. [PMID: 34782159 PMCID: PMC8570933 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already affected millions worldwide. The emergence of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants may pose a significant threat to our efforts in controlling the pandemic. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the efficacy of available vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics is currently being investigated. SARS-CoV-2 has been implicated to be originated from animals due to cross-species jumping and raises zoonotic concerns due to the potential for reintroduction into the human populations via interspecies transmission between humans and animals. Natural SARS-CoV-2 infections have been reported in domestic animals (dog, cat, and ferret), captive animals (tiger, lion, snow leopard, puma, otter, and gorilla), and wild and farmed minks. Vaccination of domestic animals can prevent the possible introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into the feral population and subsequent transmission to wildlife. Although the need to vaccinate susceptible animal species, such as cats, minks, and great apes, might seem irrational from a public health standpoint, the successful elimination of SARS-CoV-2 will only be possible by controlling the transmission in all susceptible animal species. This is necessary to prevent the re-emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - AbdulRahman A Saied
- Department of Food Establishments Licensing (Aswan Branch), National Food Safety Authority (NFSA), Aswan 81511, Egypt; Touristic Activities and Interior Offices Sector (Aswan Office), Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Aswan 81511, Egypt
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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31
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Sharun K, Dhama K, Pawde AM, Gortázar C, Tiwari R, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, de la Fuente J, Michalak I, Attia YA. SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications. Vet Q 2021; 41:181-201. [PMID: 33892621 PMCID: PMC8128218 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2021.1921311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) is suspected of having originated in 2019 in China from a coronavirus infected bat of the genus Rhinolophus. Following the initial emergence, possibly facilitated by a mammalian bridge host, SARS-CoV-2 is currently transmitted across the globe via efficient human-to-human transmission. Results obtained from experimental studies indicate that animal species such as cats, ferrets, raccoon dogs, cynomolgus macaques, rhesus macaques, white-tailed deer, rabbits, Egyptian fruit bats, and Syrian hamsters are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that cat-to-cat and ferret-to-ferret transmission can take place via contact and air. However, natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported only in pet dogs and cats, tigers, lions, snow leopards, pumas, and gorillas at zoos, and farmed mink and ferrets. Even though human-to-animal spillover has been reported at several instances, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals-to-humans has only been reported from mink-to-humans in mink farms. Following the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the mink population, a new mink-associated SARS-CoV-2 variant emerged that was identified in both humans and mink. The increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 in carnivores indicate the higher susceptibility of animal species belonging to this order. The sporadic reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild animal species require further investigation to determine if SARS-CoV-2 or related Betacoronaviruses can get established in kept, feral or wild animal populations, which may eventually act as viral reservoirs. This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Abhijit M. Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio IREC Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Grupo de Investigacion BIOECOS, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Pereira, Colombia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Public Health and Infection Research Group, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Public Health and Infection Research Group, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
- Faculty of Medicine, Grupo de Investigacion Biomedicina, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Pereira, Colombia
- Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19), Pereira, Colombia
- School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo, (UNIFRANZ), Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio IREC Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha), Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- The Strategic Center to Kingdom Vision Realization, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Animal and Poultry Production Department, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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32
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Dadar M, Tiwari R, Sharun K, Dhama K. Importance of brucellosis control programs of livestock on the improvement of one health. Vet Q 2021; 41:137-151. [PMID: 33618618 PMCID: PMC7946044 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2021.1894501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis not only represents an important health restraint on livestock but also causes high economic losses in many developing countries worldwide. Despite considerable efforts made for the control of brucellosis, the disease is still spreading in many regions (such as the Middle East) where it represents one of the most important health hazards impacting both animals and humans. The present review aims to investigate the efficacy of veterinary control programs regarding brucellosis, with a special focus on current prevention, control, and eradication approaches. The reasons for unsuccessful control programs such as the absence of highly effective vaccines and non-certified bulls are also debated, to understand why the prevalence of brucellosis in livestock is not decreasing in many areas despite considerable efforts taken to date. The importance of governmental and regional investment in brucellosis control remains one of the main limiting factors owing to the limited budget allocated to tackle this disease. In this context, one health concept has generated novel comprehensive approaches with multiple economic implications across the livestock industry and public health. However, the implementation of such global preventive strategies appears to be a key issue for many endemic and low-income countries. According to the collected data, epidemiological contexts including management and trade systems along with well-defined agro-ecological zones should be evaluated in brucellosis endemic countries to improve milk production and to enhance the sustainability of the livestock sector at both national and regional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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33
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Sharun K, Jambagi K, Arya M, Aakanksha, Chaithra SN, Patel PK, Dixit SK, Dhama K. Clinical Applications of Substance P (Neurokinin-1 Receptor) Antagonist in Canine Medicine. Arch Razi Inst 2021; 76:1175-1182. [PMID: 35355772 PMCID: PMC8934081 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.356171.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Substance P binds to the Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors found in the emetic center of the central nervous system (CNS) to induce emesis. Maropitant is a selective NK-1 receptor antagonist that inhibits the binding of substance P to NK-1 receptors and is commonly used to prevent and treat vomiting in dogs. This review study aimed to discuss and analyze the therapeutic potential of substance P (Neurokinin-1 receptor) antagonist with a particular focus on the drug maropitant in canine medicine. A systematic literature review was performed to identify the existing literature on the subject during the past 20 years (2001-2021) using such databases as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The initial search identified 173 articles; however, 41 articles were selected for further analysis, based on the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies have already confirmed the role of substance P and NK-1 receptors in central pain processing, intestinal smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, and neurogenic inflammation. Maropitant is one of the most effective veterinary antiemetic drugs that work well against peripheral and central stimuli that trigger the vomiting center. It has been already demonstrated that the therapeutic efficacy of maropitant for managing acute vomiting in dogs is associated with pancreatitis, gastritis, and parvoviral enteritis. It can also prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced emesis and delay the signs of nausea and adverse gastrointestinal effects. Regarding the broad-spectrum antiemetic activity of maropitant, it can be recommended for managing uremic vomiting in dogs. In addition, it has also exhibited an anesthetic sparing effect since the dogs treated with maropitant require a slightly lower percentage of isoflurane as an inhalational anesthetic. The NK-1 receptors are also identified in different areas of the pain pathways. Therefore, NK-1 receptor antagonists might be effective for managing visceral pain. However, further studies are required to establish the broad therapeutic potential of NK-1 receptor antagonist drugs, such as maropitant in canine medicine. It has been shown that the pain associated with the subcutaneous administration of maropitant is due to metacresol, a preservative used in some formulations. Therefore, the side effects can be eliminated by developing novel maropitant formulations specifically for dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Jambagi
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Arya
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aakanksha
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S. N Chaithra
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P. K Patel
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S. K Dixit
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bist D, Pawde AM, Amarpal, Kinjavdekar P, Mukherjee R, Singh KP, Verma MR, Sharun K, Kumar A, Dubey PK, Mohan D, Verma A, Sharma GT. Evaluation of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for experimental full-thickness cutaneous wounds in a diabetic rat model. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1655-1664. [PMID: 34620044 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.1990260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The wound healing potential of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was evaluated in the excisional wound of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Xenogenic BMSCs were collected aseptically from the iliac crest of healthy canine donors under general anesthesia. Full-thickness experimental wounds (20 × 20 mm2) on the dorsum of forty-eight adult healthy Wistar white rats. The wounds were assigned randomly to three treatment groups: PBS (Group A) or BMSCs (Group B) injected into the wound margins on days 0, 7, and 14 or BMSCs (Group C) injected into the wound margins on days 7, 14, and 21 post-wounding. The degree of wound healing was evaluated based on macroscopical, hemato-biochemical, histopathological, and histochemical parameters. RESULTS The results indicated granulation tissue formation with reduced exudation and peripheral swelling in the treatment groups compared to the control group A. Similarly, the degree of wound contraction was significantly higher in groups B and C animals than group A on days 14 and 21 post-wounding. The transplantation of BMSCs resulted in early drying of wounds, granulation tissue appearance, and enhanced cosmetic appearance. CONCLUSION The histopathological, histochemical, and gross findings suggested the therapeutic potential of xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cell therapy in managing diabetic wounds. ABBREVIATIONS BMSCs-bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, PBS-phosphate-buffered saline, MSCs-mesenchymal stem cells, FBS-fetal bovine serum, ECM-extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Bist
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Kinjavdekar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Reena Mukherjee
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K P Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pawan K Dubey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Divya Mohan
- Veterinary Surgeon, Animal Husbandry Department, Government of Kerala, India
| | - Amit Verma
- Veterinary Officer, Veterinary Hospital, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Indian vaccine manufacturers such as Serum Institute of India, Bharat Biotech, Dr Reddy’s Laboratories, Biological E Limited, Aurobindo Pharma, and Indian Immunologicals have already secured the license to manufacture major vaccine candidates. The ability of the country to manufacture cost-effective COVID-19 vaccines will help to meet the global vaccine requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sharun K, Tiwari R, Dhama K, Emran TB, Rabaan AA, Al Mutair A. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants: impact on vaccine efficacy and neutralizing antibodies. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3491-3494. [PMID: 34161189 PMCID: PMC8240541 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1923350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been emerging and circulating in different parts of the world from the beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Variants are divided into three classes: variant of interest, variant of concern, and variant of high consequence depending on its impact on the transmission, disease severity, diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutics. The variants of concern include the United Kingdom variant (B.1.1.7), South Africa variant (B.1.351), two related California variants (B.1.427 and B.1.429), and Brazil variant (P.1). These SARS-CoV-2 variants have a direct impact on the available COVID-19 vaccines and immunotherapeutics as they can alter the neutralizing activity of vaccine-elicited antibodies and monoclonal antibodies resulting in mild-to-substantial loss of efficacy. There is a need to establish surveillance systems that can monitor the emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
- College of Nursing, Prince Nora University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, Australia
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Dhama K, Sharun K, Tiwari R, Dhawan M, Emran TB, Rabaan AA, Alhumaid S. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy - reasons and solutions to achieve a successful global vaccination campaign to tackle the ongoing pandemic. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3495-3499. [PMID: 34191680 PMCID: PMC8437517 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1926183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination drive aims to achieve global vaccination coverage that will help to control the pandemic. Therefore, the individuals who are reluctant to be vaccinated or forego COVID-19 vaccination can delay the progress of overall vaccination coverage, leading to slower vaccination rates and may create obstacles in global efforts to control the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 as unvaccinated individuals can act as reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 and could drive further outbreaks. Vaccine hesitancy is one of the major threats that directly impact global health as it challenges our ability to eradicate infectious diseases and achieve significant herd immunity through vaccination. One of the strategies to counter vaccine hesitancy is to follow a multisectoral approach that involves the collaboration between various stakeholders, such as government, private companies, religious groups, and other agencies, to leverage the knowledge, expertise, and resources, thereby enabling the creation of longstanding public trust of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India,CONTACT Kuldeep Dhama Division of Pathology, ICAR –indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India,The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester, UK
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, AlAhsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
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Sharun K, Jambagi K, Dhama K, Kumar R, Pawde AM, Amarpal. Therapeutic Potential of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Canine Medicine. Arch Razi Inst 2021; 76:721-730. [PMID: 35096308 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.355953.1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are the reservoir of growth factors and play a major role in several physiological processes, such as coagulation, angiogenesis, immune response, and tissue repair. Platelet concentrates are broadly classified into two groups depending on their fibrin content, namely platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). They are further divided based on their leucocyte contents. The PRP is plasma containing supra-physiological concentrations of the platelets. The growth factors present in the PRP play a crucial role in the promotion of local angiogenesis, regulation of cellular activity, stem cell homing, proliferation and differentiation of different stem cells, and deposition of matrix proteins contributing to tissue regeneration. This review aimed to establish the therapeutic potential of PRP in canine medicine with a particular focus on the applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and musculoskeletal disorders. A systematic literature review was performed to identify the literature published during the past 20 years (2001-2021) using authentic academic databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus. In the initial search, 556 articles were identified and based on the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 59 articles were selected for further analysis. The clinical efficacy of PRP depends on the number of platelets and the growth factor concentration. The PRP-based biological therapy has broad clinical applications in musculoskeletal pathologies. It is a simple, safe, and cost-effective method that can be used to treat various diseases and disorders in canine practice. For example, PRP is used for managing corneal ulcers, corneal erosion, alkali burn, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, burn wounds, chronic wounds, cutaneous ulcers, acute traumatic bone fractures, tendinopathies, cartilage pathologies, osteoarthritis, and abdominal wall defects either as monotherapy or as an adjunctive therapeutic agent. In addition, PRP is widely used as a carrier of mesenchymal stem cells for transplanting into bone defects. Therefore, allogeneic PRP therapy can be considered a simple, safe, and cost-effective method for the treatment of various diseases and disorders in canine practice. The therapeutic application of PRP in canine medicine is limited in the present study due to the lack of consensus for collection, characterization, and clinical use. Hence, further studies are required to establish the actual worth of PRP-based regenerative strategies in canine medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Jambagi
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Current evidence indicates that cats play a limited role in COVID-19 epidemiology, and pets are probably dead-end hosts of SARS-CoV-2 and pose negligible risks of transmission to humans. Still, one health concept is to be adopted widely as a component of mitigation strategies to tackle the ongoing pandemic. Therefore, in terms of the magnitude of infection and potential to transmit SARS-CoV-2 to humans, our surveillance efforts should mainly focus on mustelids (especially minks, ferrets, and others) for early detection and control of infection. This will ensure that SARS-CoV-2 will not get established in the wild animal population of these susceptible species. We agree with Dr. Passarella Teixeira on the possibility of domestic and feral cats acting as an urban reservoir, subsequently transmitting the virus to human beings. However, it is less likely that such a phenomenon will be reported even if it has occurred due to the efficient and extensive human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - AbdulRahman A Saied
- Department of Food Establishments Licensing (Aswan Branch), National Food Safety Authority (NFSA), Aswan, Egypt.,Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Touristic Activities and Interior Offices Sector (Aswan Office), Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Sharun K, Pawde AM, Manjusha KM, Banu S A, Kalaiselvan E, Kumar R, Kinjavdekar P, Amarpal, Verma MR. Classification and coding of platelet-rich plasma derived from New Zealand white rabbits for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1473-1482. [PMID: 34264158 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1955099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a category of platelet concentrate that has been widely used as a therapeutic modality in musculoskeletal medicine. The present study was conducted to classify and code the non-activated platelet-rich plasma (nPRP) derived from New Zealand white rabbits for tissue engineering and other regenerative medicine applications. METHODS PRP was prepared from the whole blood by double centrifugation protocol using a laboratory centrifuge. The prepared nPRP was characterized using the parameters such as platelet dose, the relative composition of platelets, WBC, and RBC. The production protocol was described using the parameters such as platelet enrichment factor, factor increase in WBC concentration, platelet capture efficiency, WBC-reducing efficiency, and RBC-reducing efficiency. The nPRP was also classified and coded using the most recent and universally accepted classification and coding systems. RESULTS The non-activated leukocyte-poor red cell-rich PRP had an average platelet count of 1875.75 × 109/L, which is higher than the basal platelet concentration in the whole blood. Furthermore, the protocol used in this study has a mean platelet capture efficiency of 47.43 ± 6.42%. CONCLUSION The protocol described in this study can be used to prepare non-activated leukocyte-poor red cell-rich PRP (Red-PRP IC1) from rabbits that can be coded as 318-00-00.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K M Manjusha
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amitha Banu S
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - E Kalaiselvan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Kinjavdekar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sharun K, Tiwari R, Dhama K, Rabaan AA, Alhumaid S. COVID-19 vaccination passport: prospects, scientific feasibility, and ethical concerns. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4108-4111. [PMID: 34292128 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1953350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A vaccination passport (also known as "vaccination certificate," "immunization passport," or "digital health pass") is a document that provides proof of vaccination and certifies that the holder is protected from illness. It is a more reliable and practical substitute for immunity passports since COVID-19 vaccination is considered a better correlate of protection. Vaccination passport can be considered as a tool offering the holder the privilege of traveling freely within countries without any restrictions. The majority of the countries that are dependent on travel and tourism have exhibited a positive inclination toward implementing COVID-19 vaccination passports, while others have a mixed opinion. The successful implementation of vaccination passports will be a complex task for the policymakers as it requires addressing several ethical, legal, and data security concerns outlined in this article. However, vaccination passports can offer economic and health benefits that will allow the gradual recovery of the economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, AlAhsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
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Sharun K, Pawde AM, Banu S A, Manjusha KM, Kalaiselvan E, Kumar R, Kinjavdekar P, Amarpal. Development of a novel atrophic non-union model in rabbits: A preliminary study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 68:102558. [PMID: 34336194 PMCID: PMC8313836 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The currently available atrophic non-union models rely on wide segmental excision of bone diaphysis to impede the process of healing but lack resemblance to the clinical scenario. The present study focused on developing an in vivo model of atrophic non-union fracture in rabbit radius that can replicate the clinical scenario. Materials and methods The atrophic non-union fracture model was developed by creating a 10 mm segmental bone defect in the radial diaphysis of five adult New Zealand White rabbits. The periosteum (2 mm) of the cut bone ends was cauterized using electrocautery to induce atrophy. Atrophic non-union was confirmed using radiographic and histologic evaluations on 30th postoperative day. Results The radiographic signs of healing were completely absent in all the rabbits on 30th postoperative day, indicating inert bone ends. Histological findings further confirmed the presence of inert bone ends, indicating the development of atrophic non-union. Conclusion The combination of the segmental bone defect, electrocautery induced thermal damage of bone end periosteum, and delayed treatment can induce the development of atrophic non-union fracture model in rabbits that can replicate the clinical scenario. In vivo model of atrophic non-union fracture in rabbit radius was developed that can replicate the clinical scenario. Radiographic and histological findings confirmed the presence of inert bone ends. Combination of segmental bone defect, electrocautery induced thermal damage, and delayed treatment can induce atrophic non-union fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amitha Banu S
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K M Manjusha
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - E Kalaiselvan
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Kinjavdekar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dhama K, Patel SK, Kumar R, Masand R, Rana J, Yatoo MI, Tiwari R, Sharun K, Mohapatra RK, Natesan S, Dhawan M, Ahmad T, Emran TB, Malik YS, Harapan H. The role of disinfectants and sanitizers during COVID-19 pandemic: advantages and deleterious effects on humans and the environment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:34211-34228. [PMID: 33991301 PMCID: PMC8122186 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14429-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Disinfectants and sanitizers are essential preventive agents against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, the pandemic crisis was marred by undue hype, which led to the indiscriminate use of disinfectants and sanitizers. Despite demonstrating a beneficial role in the control and prevention of COVID-19, there are crucial concerns regarding the large-scale use of disinfectants and sanitizers, including the side effects on human and animal health along with harmful impacts exerted on the environment and ecological balance. This article discusses the roles of disinfectants and sanitizers in the control and prevention of the current pandemic and highlights updated disinfection techniques against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This article provides evidence of the deleterious effects of disinfectants and sanitizers exerted on humans, animals, and the environment as well as suggests mitigation strategies to reduce these effects. Additionally, potential technologies and approaches for the reduction of these effects and the development of safe, affordable, and effective disinfectants are discussed, particularly, eco-friendly technologies using nanotechnology and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Shailesh Kumar Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Rupali Masand
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Jigyasa Rana
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajeev Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, 231001, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng Srinagar, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, 758002, India
| | - Senthilkumar Natesan
- Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Lekawada, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382042, India
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester, WA14 5PQ, UK
| | - Tauseef Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
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Musa TH, Ahmad T, Wana MN, Li W, Musa HH, Sharun K, Tiwari R, Dhama K, Chaicumpa W, Campbell MC, Wei P. The epidemiology, diagnosis and management of scrub typhus disease in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3795-3805. [PMID: 34124995 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1934355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-nine years ago, scrub typhus (ST), a disease, was not among the China's notifiable diseases. However, ST has reemerged to become a growing public health issue in the southwest part of China. The major factors contributing to an increased incidence and prevalence of this disease include rapid globalization, urbanization, expansion of humans into previously uninhabited areas, and climate change. The clinical manifestation of ST also consists of high fever, headache, weakness, myalgia, rash, and an eschar. In severe cases, complications (e.g. multi-organ failure, jaundice, acute renal failure, pneumonitis, myocarditis, and even death) can occur. The diagnosis of ST is mainly based on serological identification by indirect immunofluorescence assay and other molecular methods. Furthermore, several groups of antibiotics (e.g. tetracycline, chloramphenicol, macrolides, and rifampicin) are currently effective in treating this disease. This fact suggests the need for robust early diagnostic techniques, increased surveillance, and prompt treatment, and develop future vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Hussein Musa
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Biomedical Research Institute (BRI), Darfur College, Nyala, Sudan
| | - Tauseef Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mohammed Nasiru Wana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hassan Hussein Musa
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Deen Dayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Pingmin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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45
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Sharun K, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Gugjoo MB, Iqbal Yatoo M, Patel SK, Pathak M, Karthik K, Khurana SK, Singh R, Puvvala B, Amarpal, Singh R, Singh KP, Chaicumpa W. Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis: a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2021; 41:107-136. [PMID: 33509059 PMCID: PMC7906113 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2021.1882713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis (intramammary inflammation) caused by infectious pathogens is still considered a devastating condition of dairy animals affecting animal welfare as well as economically incurring huge losses to the dairy industry by means of decreased production performance and increased culling rates. Bovine mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary glands/udder of bovines, caused by bacterial pathogens, in most cases. Routine diagnosis is based on clinical and subclinical forms of the disease. This underlines the significance of early and rapid identification/detection of etiological agents at the farm level, for which several diagnostic techniques have been developed. Therapeutic regimens such as antibiotics, immunotherapy, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, stem cell therapy, native secretory factors, nutritional, dry cow and lactation therapy, genetic selection, herbs, and nanoparticle technology-based therapy have been evaluated for their efficacy in the treatment of mastitis. Even though several strategies have been developed over the years for the purpose of managing both clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis, all of them lacked the efficacy to eliminate the associated etiological agent when used as a monotherapy. Further, research has to be directed towards the development of new therapeutic agents/techniques that can both replace conventional techniques and also solve the problem of emerging antibiotic resistance. The objective of the present review is to describe the etiological agents, pathogenesis, and diagnosis in brief along with an extensive discussion on the advances in the treatment and management of mastitis, which would help safeguard the health of dairy animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rahul Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhavani Puvvala
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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46
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Sharun K, Tiwari R, Dhama K. COVID-19 and sunlight: Impact on SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 66:102419. [PMID: 34094531 PMCID: PMC8164734 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already affected millions of people worldwide. There are reports of SARS-CoV-2 transmission as a consequence of environmental contamination. The SARS-CoV-2 laden infective droplets can actively persist on the surface of different materials for several hours to days. Sunlight can affect the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in these aerosols and thereby have an impact on the decay rate of the virus. Solar radiation might play an important role in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 that persists in different surfaces and the environment. Among the different climatological factors, ultraviolet radiation was found to have an important role in determining the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Although ultraviolet radiation C (UVC), UVB, UVA, visible light, and infrared radiation possess germicidal properties, human CoVs including the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 are inherently sensitive to UVC. However, the successful decontamination using other wavebands requires higher dosages and longer administration times. Furthermore, studies have also identified association between COVID-19 fatalities and the latitude. The intensity of sunlight is highest near the equator, and therefore populations in these regions with more regular exposure to sunlight are less susceptible to vitamin D deficiency. This article has analyzed the potential impact of sunlight in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality. It is evident that there exists an interesting link between sunlight exposure, latitude, and vitamin D status with COVID-19 incidence, fatality and recovery rates that requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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47
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Vadakedath S, Kandi V, Mohapatra RK, Pinnelli VBK, Yegurla RR, Shahapur PR, Godishala V, Natesan S, Vora KS, Sharun K, Tiwari R, Bilal M, Dhama K. Immunological aspects and gender bias during respiratory viral infections including novel Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): A scoping review. J Med Virol 2021; 93:5295-5309. [PMID: 33990972 PMCID: PMC8242919 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human immune system is not adequately equipped to eliminate new microbes and could result in serious damage on first exposure. This is primarily attributed to the exaggerated immune response (inflammatory disease), which may prove detrimental to the host, as evidenced by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. From the experiences of Novel Coronavirus Disease‐19 to date, male patients are likely to suffer from high‐intensity inflammation and disease severity than the female population. Hormones are considered the significant pillars of sex differences responsible for the discrepancy in immune response exhibited by males and females. Females appear to be better equipped to counter invading respiratory viral pathogens, including the novel SARS‐CoV‐2, than males. It can be hypothesized that females are more shielded from disease severity, probably owing to the diverse action/influence of estrogen and other sex hormones on both cellular (thymus‐derived T lymphocytes) and humoral immunity (antibodies). Hormones are considered as significant pillars of sex differences and influence both the innate as well as adaptive immune responses. Sex hormones and their potential role in the immune responses has not been completely understood. Females are more shielded from disease severity probably owing to their unique hormonal constitution. In females, the immunological cells have been noted to restrict the spread of infections as compared to males. Males suffer from increased severity of respiratory infections and are less prone to autoimmune disorders as compared to the female counterparts. Estrogen and other sex hormones play a key role both in restricting the inflammatory responses and in effective clearance of pathogens including the novel Coronairus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabitha Vadakedath
- Department of Biochemistry, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, Telangana, India
| | - Venkataramana Kandi
- Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, Telangana, India
| | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
| | - Venkata B K Pinnelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Richa R Yegurla
- Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, Telangana, India
| | | | - Vikram Godishala
- Department of Biotechnology, Ganapthi Degree College, Parakal, Telangana, India
| | - Senthilkumar Natesan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Ganghinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Kranti S Vora
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Ganghinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rabaan AA, Al-Ahmed SH, Garout MA, Al-Qaaneh AM, Sule AA, Tirupathi R, Mutair AA, Alhumaid S, Hasan A, Dhawan M, Tiwari R, Sharun K, Mohapatra RK, Mitra S, Emran TB, Bilal M, Singh R, Alyami SA, Moni MA, Dhama K. Diverse Immunological Factors Influencing Pathogenesis in Patients with COVID-19: A Review on Viral Dissemination, Immunotherapeutic Options to Counter Cytokine Storm and Inflammatory Responses. Pathogens 2021; 10:565. [PMID: 34066983 PMCID: PMC8150955 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still not fully unraveled. Though preventive vaccines and treatment methods are out on the market, a specific cure for the disease has not been discovered. Recent investigations and research studies primarily focus on the immunopathology of the disease. A healthy immune system responds immediately after viral entry, causing immediate viral annihilation and recovery. However, an impaired immune system causes extensive systemic damage due to an unregulated immune response characterized by the hypersecretion of chemokines and cytokines. The elevated levels of cytokine or hypercytokinemia leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) along with multiple organ damage. Moreover, the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 has been linked with race, gender, and age; hence, this viral infection's outcome differs among the patients. Many therapeutic strategies focusing on immunomodulation have been tested out to assuage the cytokine storm in patients with severe COVID-19. A thorough understanding of the diverse signaling pathways triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is essential before contemplating relief measures. This present review explains the interrelationships of hyperinflammatory response or cytokine storm with organ damage and the disease severity. Furthermore, we have thrown light on the diverse mechanisms and risk factors that influence pathogenesis and the molecular pathways that lead to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and multiple organ damage. Recognition of altered pathways of a dysregulated immune system can be a loophole to identify potential target markers. Identifying biomarkers in the dysregulated pathway can aid in better clinical management for patients with severe COVID-19 disease. A special focus has also been given to potent inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines, immunomodulatory and immunotherapeutic options to ameliorate cytokine storm and inflammatory responses in patients affected with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed
- Specialty Paediatric Medicine, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif 32654, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed A. Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ayman M. Al-Qaaneh
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
- Clinical Pharmacy Services Division, Pharmacy Services Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anupam A Sule
- Department of Informatics and Outcomes, St Joseph Mercy Oakland, Pontiac, MI 48341, USA;
| | - Raghavendra Tirupathi
- Department of Medicine Keystone Health, Penn State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA 16801, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Wellspan Chambersburg and Waynesboro (Pa.) Hospitals, Chambersburg, PA 16801, USA
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Alahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia;
- College of Nursing, Prince Nora University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulkarim Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
- Prince Mishari Bin Saud Hospital in Baljurashi, Ministry of Health, Baljurash 22888, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India;
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester WA14 5PQ, UK
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandha Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura 281001, India;
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India;
| | - Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar 758002, India;
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India;
| | - Salem A. Alyami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India;
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Sharun K. Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222) is ideal for resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 65:102264. [PMID: 33815783 PMCID: PMC8010342 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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50
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Rabaan AA, Al-Ahmed SH, Muhammad J, Khan A, Sule AA, Tirupathi R, Mutair AA, Alhumaid S, Al-Omari A, Dhawan M, Tiwari R, Sharun K, Mohapatra RK, Mitra S, Bilal M, Alyami SA, Emran TB, Moni MA, Dhama K. Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients: A Review on Molecular Mechanisms, Immune Functions, Immunopathology and Immunomodulatory Drugs to Counter Cytokine Storm. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:436. [PMID: 33946736 PMCID: PMC8145892 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a severe pandemic of the current century. The vicious tentacles of the disease have been disseminated worldwide with unknown complications and repercussions. Advanced COVID-19 syndrome is characterized by the uncontrolled and elevated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressed immunity, leading to the cytokine storm. The uncontrolled and dysregulated secretion of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines is positively associated with the severity of the viral infection and mortality rate. The secretion of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 leads to a hyperinflammatory response by recruiting macrophages, T and B cells in the lung alveolar cells. Moreover, it has been hypothesized that immune cells such as macrophages recruit inflammatory monocytes in the alveolar cells and allow the production of large amounts of cytokines in the alveoli, leading to a hyperinflammatory response in severely ill patients with COVID-19. This cascade of events may lead to multiple organ failure, acute respiratory distress, or pneumonia. Although the disease has a higher survival rate than other chronic diseases, the incidence of complications in the geriatric population are considerably high, with more systemic complications. This review sheds light on the pivotal roles played by various inflammatory markers in COVID-19-related complications. Different molecular pathways, such as the activation of JAK and JAK/STAT signaling are crucial in the progression of cytokine storm; hence, various mechanisms, immunological pathways, and functions of cytokines and other inflammatory markers have been discussed. A thorough understanding of cytokines' molecular pathways and their activation procedures will add more insight into understanding immunopathology and designing appropriate drugs, therapies, and control measures to counter COVID-19. Recently, anti-inflammatory drugs and several antiviral drugs have been reported as effective therapeutic drug candidates to control hypercytokinemia or cytokine storm. Hence, the present review also discussed prospective anti-inflammatory and relevant immunomodulatory drugs currently in various trial phases and their possible implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shamsah H. Al-Ahmed
- Specialty Paediatric Medicine, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif 32654, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Javed Muhammad
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620, Pakistan;
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Public Health/Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620, Pakistan;
| | - Anupam A Sule
- Medical Director of Informatics and Outcomes, St Joseph Mercy Oakland, Pontiac, MI 48341, USA;
| | - Raghavendra Tirupathi
- Department of Medicine Keystone Health, Penn State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA 16801, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Wellspan Chambersburg and Waynesboro (Pa.) Hospitals, Chambersburg, PA 16801, USA
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Alahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia;
- College of Nursing, Prince Nora University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of Health, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Awad Al-Omari
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
- Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Critical Care and Infection Control Department, Research Centre, Riyadh 11372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141027, Punjab, India;
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester WA14 5PQ, UK
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Uttar Pradesh; Pandit DeenDayal Upadhyaya PashuChikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go AnusandhaSansthan (DUVASU), Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mathura 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar 758002, Odisha, India;
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; or
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
| | - Salem A. Alyami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh;
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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