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Chronister BNC, Justo D, Wood R, Lopez-Paredes D, Gonzalez E, Suarez-Torres J, Gahagan S, Martinez D, Jacobs DR, Checkoway H, Jankowska MM, Suarez-Lopez JR. Sex and adrenal hormones in association with insecticide biomarkers among adolescents living in ecuadorian agricultural communities. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 259:114386. [PMID: 38703462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides have resulted in adrenal and gonadal hormone disruption in animal and in vitro studies; limited epidemiologic evidence exists in humans. We assessed relationships of urinary insecticide metabolite concentrations with adrenal and gonadal hormones in adolescents living in Ecuadorean agricultural communities. METHODS In 2016, we examined 522 Ecuadorian adolescents (11-17y, 50.7% female, 22% Indigenous; ESPINA study). We measured urinary insecticide metabolites, blood acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE), and salivary testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 17β-estradiol, and cortisol. We used general linear models to assess linear (β = % hormone difference per 50% increase of metabolite concentration) and curvilinear relationships (β2 = hormone difference per unit increase in squared ln-metabolite) between ln-metabolite or AChE and ln-hormone concentrations, stratified by sex, adjusting for anthropometric, demographic, and awakening response variables. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression was used to assess non-linear associations and interactions. RESULTS The organophosphate metabolite malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA) had positive associations with testosterone (βboys = 5.88% [1.21%, 10.78%], βgirls = 4.10% [-0.02%, 8.39%]), and cortisol (βboys = 6.06 [-0.23%, 12.75%]. Para-nitrophenol (organophosphate) had negatively-trending curvilinear associations, with testosterone (β2boys = -0.17 (-0.33, -0.003), p = 0.04) and DHEA (β2boys = -0.49 (-0.80, -0.19), p = 0.001) in boys. The neonicotinoid summary score (βboys = 5.60% [0.14%, 11.36%]) and the neonicotinoid acetamiprid-N-desmethyl (βboys = 3.90% [1.28%, 6.58%]) were positively associated with 17β-estradiol, measured in boys only. No associations between the pyrethroid 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and hormones were observed. In girls, bivariate response associations identified interactions of MDA, Para-nitrophenol, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (organophosphates) with testosterone and DHEA concentrations. In boys, we observed an interaction of MDA and Para-nitrophenol with DHEA. No associations were identified for AChE. CONCLUSIONS We observed evidence of endocrine disruption for specific organophosphate and neonicotinoid metabolite exposures in adolescents. Urinary organophosphate metabolites were associated with testosterone and DHEA concentrations, with stronger associations in boys than girls. Urinary neonicotinoids were positively associated with 17β-estradiol. Longitudinal repeat-measures analyses would be beneficial for causal inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N C Chronister
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Denise Justo
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Robert Wood
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Eduardo Gonzalez
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Sheila Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - David R Jacobs
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Harvey Checkoway
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Marta M Jankowska
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jose R Suarez-Lopez
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Nahman-Averbuch H, Li R, Boerner KE, Lewis C, Garwood S, Palermo TM, Jordan A. Alterations in pain during adolescence and puberty. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:307-317. [PMID: 36842946 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
During adolescence and puberty, alterations in pain, both experimental and clinical, are observed. In addition, adolescents undergo extensive biopsychosocial changes as they transition from childhood to adulthood. However, a better understanding of how the biopsychosocial changes during adolescence impact pain is needed to improve pain management and develop targeted pain interventions for adolescents. This review synthesizes the literature on alterations in pain during adolescence in humans, describes the potential biopsychosocial factors impacting pain during adolescence, and suggests future research directions to advance the understanding of the impact of adolescent development on pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Nahman-Averbuch
- Washington University Pain Center and Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katelynn E Boerner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher Lewis
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Transgender Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Garwood
- Transgender Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tonya M Palermo
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Abbie Jordan
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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Zwaan IS, Felmingham K, Vijayakumar N, Patton G, Mundy L, Byrne ML, Simmons J, Whittle S. Estradiol variability is associated with brain structure in early adolescent females. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 146:105943. [PMID: 36162183 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
One-third of adolescents are diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder by age 16, with female adolescents twice as likely to experience an internalizing (i.e., depression or anxiety) disorder as their male peers. Individual differences in pubertal factors may partially underlie this disparity, potentially via the role of pubertal hormones in shaping brain development. While research has examined links between estradiol levels and brain structure, individual variation in estradiol levels has not been considered. Using longitudinal data from 44 female adolescents (baseline age M = 11.7; follow-up age M= 13.3), we examined associations between both average estradiol and estradiol variability, and brain gray matter structure at baseline. We used a hypothesis-driven region of interest (ROI) approach focusing on subcortical and ventromedial prefrontal regions, in addition to an exploratory whole-brain analysis. We also investigated whether brain structure mediated the association between estradiol measures and internalizing (i.e., anxious and depressive) symptoms at follow-up. ROI analyses revealed a significant negative association between estradiol variability and thickness of the right medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC, β = -0.39, FDR corrected p = .010). There were, however, no significant associations between average estradiol or estradiol variability and internalizing symptoms, nor was there evidence of mediation. Our results indicate that increased variation in estradiol levels across a month is associated with decreased cortical thickness in a brain region implicated in emotion processing, although implications for mental health are unclear. Findings, however, highlight the importance of considering individual variation in estradiol when examining links to brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel S Zwaan
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Kim Felmingham
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nandi Vijayakumar
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Australia
| | - George Patton
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Lisa Mundy
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Michelle L Byrne
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Julian Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Australia
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Alateeq D, Binsuwaidan L, Alazwari L, Algarni M, Al Hussain M, Alzahrani R, Aljohani R. Dysmenorrhea and depressive symptoms among female university students: a descriptive study from Saudi Arabia. Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg 2022; 58:106. [PMID: 36090615 PMCID: PMC9447356 DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00542-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea has significantly increased in prevalence. There is also evidence of the coexistence of dysmenorrhea and psychological disorders. This study aims to explore the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and investigate its correlation with depressive symptoms among Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) students. All participants (N = 487) in this cross-sectional study provided sociodemographic data, menstrual and medical history, and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale and (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea [WaLIDD]) scale on a self-administered online questionnaire. Results The mean age of the females was 20.64 ± 2.38 years, and 40.7% were from health colleges. Severe dysmenorrhea requiring medical attention and pain killers or herbs was reported by 30.8% of the students. Significant predictors of severe dysmenorrhea were: younger age, earlier menarche, pain killers and herbs used for menstrual pain, a doctor visit for menstrual pain, and depression. In addition, significant protective factors of depression were: later menarche age, having a regular menstrual cycle, and longer duration. Conclusions Students with severe dysmenorrhea have a higher risk of depression than other students. The findings stress the importance of awareness, education, a multidisciplinary approach to women's health, and early detection to prevent future complications.
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Chafkin JE, Yeager DS, O'Brien JM, Lee HY, McAfee CA, Josephs RA. Gonadal and adrenal hormones interact with pubertal maturation to predict depressive symptoms in a group of high-school females. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:1064-78. [PMID: 33436142 DOI: 10.1017/S0954579420001935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent females are at elevated risk for the development of depression. In this study, we addressed two questions: Are pubertal hormones associated with adolescent mental health? Might this association depend on pubertal development? We tested the hypothesis that estradiol, which has been associated with adolescent social sensitivity, might interact with pubertal stage to predict depression risk at three time points in ninth and tenth grade. Hormones and pubertal development were measured ninth-grade females. Linear regression analyses were used to predict fall ninth-grade (N = 79), spring ninth-grade (N = 76), and spring tenth-grade (N = 67) Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) scores. The hypothesized model was not statistically significant, but exploratory analyses revealed that two- and three-way interactions incorporating estradiol, puberty (stage and perceived onset), and cortisol predicted current and future CDI scores. Our exploratory model did not predict changes in CDI but did account for future (spring of ninth grade) CDI scores. Specifically, estradiol was positively correlated with fall and spring ninth-grade depressive symptoms in participants with high cortisol who also reported earlier stages and later perceived onset of pubertal development. These findings suggest that hormones associated with sensitivity to the social environment deserve consideration in models of adolescent depression risk.
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Hu P, Pan C, Su W, Vinturache A, Hu Y, Dong X, Ding G. Associations between exposure to a mixture of phenols, parabens, and phthalates and sex steroid hormones in children 6-19 years from NHANES, 2013-2016. Sci Total Environ 2022; 822:153548. [PMID: 35114227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans are typically exposed to mixtures of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals simultaneously, but most studies have considered only a single chemical or a class of similar chemicals. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of exposure to mixtures of 7 chemicals, including 2 phenols [bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS)], 2 parabens [methylparaben (MeP) and propyl paraben (PrP)], and 3 phthalate metabolites [Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono (carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP)] with sex steroid hormones. METHODS A total of 1179 children aged 6-19 years who had complete data on both 7 chemicals and sex steroid hormones of estradiol (E2), total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were analyzed from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016. Free androgen index (FAI) calculated by TT/SHBG, and the ratio of TT to E2 (TT/E2) were also estimated. Puberty was defined if TT ≥ 50 ng/dL in boys, E2 ≥ 20 pg/mL in girls; otherwise prepuberty was defined. Linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were performed to estimate the associations of individual chemical or chemical mixtures with sex hormones. RESULTS The linear regression showed that 2 phenols, 2 parabens, and 3 phthalate metabolites were generally negatively associated with E2, TT, FAI, and TT/E2, while positively with SHBG. Moreover, these associations were more pronounced among pubertal than prepubertal children. The aforementioned associations were confirmed when further applying WQS and BKMR, and the 3 phthalates metabolites were identified to be the most heavily weighing chemicals. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to phenols, parabens, and phthalates, either individuals or as a mixture, was negatively associated with E2, TT, FAI and TT/E2, while positively with SHBG. Those associations were stronger among pubertal children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyu Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weiwei Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Angela Vinturache
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yi Hu
- Center for Medical Bioinformatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guodong Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Yayah Jones NH, Khoury JC, Xu Y, Newman N, Kalkwarf HJ, Braun JM, Lanphear B, Chen A, Cecil KM, Rose SR, Yolton K. Comparing adolescent self staging of pubertal development with hormone biomarkers. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:1531-1541. [PMID: 34432968 PMCID: PMC9195346 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical examinations to characterize pubertal maturation may be unacceptable for children enrolled in research studies. Studies confirm the utility of pubertal self staging for research, but there has been limited comparison of self examination with hormone biomarkers. Our objective was to assess concordance of pubertal self staging with hormone biomarkers of puberty. METHODS Participants were enrolled in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, a longitudinal pregnancy and birth cohort study. At age 12 years, 139 females and 112 males completed pubertal self staging including breast and pubic hair development in females and pubic hair development in males. No clinical physical examination was performed. Hormone concentrations were measured in 102 females and 96 males including serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in all; estradiol in females; and testosterone in males. RESULTS Estradiol was significantly associated with female breast stage, even when adjusted for BMI, with geometric least squares means (95%CI) of 13.2 (8.7, 20.2), 38.3 (29.9, 49.1), 59.4 (39.8, 88.6), and 81.2 (45.6, 144) pg/mL for breast stage 1-2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Testosterone was significantly associated with male pubic hair stage, with adjusted geometric least squares means (95%CI) of 37.6 (19.9, 71.1), 43.4 (27.7, 68.3), 126 (78.4, 203), 275 (146, 521), and 559 (237, 1319) ng/dL for pubic hair stage 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Self assessed pubertal development was positively associated with hormonal biomarkers of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana-Hawa Yayah Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jane C Khoury
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yingying Xu
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas Newman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Heidi J Kalkwarf
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kim M Cecil
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Susan R Rose
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Valge M, Meitern R, Hõrak P. Pubertal maturation is independent of family structure but daughters of divorced (but not dead) fathers start reproduction earlier. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chronister BN, Gonzalez E, Lopez-Paredes D, Suarez-Torres J, Gahagan S, Martinez D, Barros J, Jacobs DR Jr, Checkoway H, Suarez-Lopez JR. Testosterone, estradiol, DHEA and cortisol in relation to anxiety and depression scores in adolescents. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:838-46. [PMID: 34375211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Adrenal and sex hormone dysregulation have been independently associated with increased depression and anxiety. Cortisol can modify production of sex hormones and hormone-mood associations. This study evaluated associations and interplay of sex and adrenal hormones with depression and anxiety. Methods We assessed 545 Ecuadorian adolescents (11-17y, 50.4% female, ESPINA) for depression and anxiety symptoms using standardized scales. Testosterone, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and estradiol (boys only) were measured in saliva. We performed logistic regression modeling to calculate odds ratios (OR) of elevated depression or anxiety (scores ≥60) comparing participants with low (<10th percentile) and elevated hormones (≥90th percentile) to normal concentrations (10th-90th percentile). Effect modification by cortisol and testosterone was assessed. Models adjusted for demographic, anthropometric, and circadian measures. Results In all participants, elevated testosterone (OR [95%CI:]=1.78 [0.98, 3.23]) and cortisol (OR=1.69 [0.95, 2.99]) were marginally associated with elevated anxiety scores. In boys, elevated estradiol was associated with elevated depression (OR=4.75 [1.95, 11.56]) and anxiety scores (OR=2.43 [1.01, 5.84]). In linear regression, estradiol was positively associated with depression (difference/10% hormone increase (β=0.45 [0.15, 0.75]) and anxiety scores (β=0.42 [0.13, 0.72]). Higher cortisol levels strengthened the depression association with estradiol in boys (β=0.54 [0.12, 0.96]), and with testosterone (β= -0.19 [-0.35, -0.03]) and DHEA (β= -0.12 [-0.22, -0.02]) in girls. Testosterone also modified associations. Limitations This was a cross-sectional analysis. Discussion Elevated testosterone, cortisol, and estradiol (≥90th percentile) were associated with altered mood. Cortisol and testosterone were considerable effect modifiers to the associations of most hormones with depression and anxiety.
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Brand C, Fochesatto CF, Dias AF, Gaya AR, de Lucena Martins CM, Renner JDP, Reuter CP, Kelishadi R. Child's body mass index and mother's obesity: the moderating role of physical fitness. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:843-50. [PMID: 32940742 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-020-03810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the association between children's body mass index and their mother's obesity, considering children's physical fitness as a possible moderator. Cross-sectional study developed with 1842 children and adolescents, aged seven to 17 years, from Santa Cruz do Sul-RS, Brazil. Body weight and height were assessed to determine body mass index. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by the 6-min walk/run test and muscular strength through the lower limb strength test. Mother's perception of obesity was self-assessed. Moderation was tested through a SPSS program extension. Results indicated that higher children's body mass index (p < 0.001) and lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (p = 0.001) and muscular strength (p = 0.035) were associated with mother's obesity. Likewise, higher body mass index (p < 0.001) and lower cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.001) in adolescents were associated with maternal obesity. Moreover, physical fitness moderates the relationship between body mass index and mother's obesity in children (cardiorespiratory fitness: β = - 0.006; 95% CI = (- 0.010, - 0.001); muscular strength: β = - 8.415; 95% CI = (- 12.526, - 4.304)) and in adolescents (cardiorespiratory fitness: β = - 0.004; 95% CI = (- 0.008, - 0.0008); muscular strength: β - 2.958; 95% CI = (- 5.615, - 0.030)).Conclusion: increasing physical fitness is an important strategy to protect youths from high body mass index, when their mothers are obese. What is Known: • Mother's obesity is associated with their children's body mass index. • Parents' obesity is associated with their children's physical fitness What is New: • Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are moderators in the relationship between mother's obesity and BMI of their children. • Children and adolescents with high cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength levels are protected against elevated body mass index, considering mother's obesity.
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Erenoğlu R, Sözbir ŞY. Are premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea related to the personality structure of women? A descriptive relation-seeker type study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:979-984. [PMID: 32488914 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to define the relationship of experiencing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea with the personality structure of women. DESIGN AND METHODS The sample of this descriptive relation-seeker-type study comprised 353 women. Data were collected using the PMS Scale, Quick Big Five Personality Test, and The Questionnaire Form between 1 April and 31 August 2019 in a city in the Mediterranean region in Turkey. FINDINGS There was a weak negative-biased correlation between PMS and extraversion, a very weak negative-biased correlation between PMS and conscientiousness, a moderate negative-biased correlation between PMS and neuroticism, and a very weak positive-biased significant correlation between PMS and openness (P < .05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These data suggest that women who are introverted, have weak self-confidence, tend to have negative feelings such as anxiety, depression, and anger, and have weak coping skills are at risk for experiencing PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabiye Erenoğlu
- Nursing Department, Gynecology and Obstetric Nursıng Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Şengül Yaman Sözbir
- Nursing Department, Gynecology and Obstetric Nursıng Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Sontichai W, Liao F, Dominguez D, Levy DM, Al Mutairi M, Ng L, Silverio F, Silverman ED, Wasserman JD, Hiraki LT. Timing of Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diagnosis Relative to Menarche and the Impact on Final Adult Height. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 74:199-207. [PMID: 32976694 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the impact of timing of a childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis relative to menarchal status, on final height, accounting for disease-associated factors. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of female patients age <18 years at childhood-onset SLE diagnosis, followed at a tertiary care pediatric center from July 1982 to March 2016, and restricted to patients with documented age of menarche and final height. We compared final height between patients diagnosed pre- and postmenarche. We tested the association of the timing of childhood-onset SLE diagnosis with final height, adjusted for ethnicity, in linear regression models. We performed subgroup analyses of patients with growth during follow-up, additionally adjusting for average daily corticosteroid dose and disease activity. RESULTS Of 401 female childhood-onset SLE patients in the study, 115 patients (29%) were diagnosed premenarche and 286 (71%) postmenarche. Patients diagnosed premenarche were older at menarche compared with patients diagnosed postmenarche (mean ± SD age 13.5 ± 1.4 versus 12.5 ± 1.3 years; P < 0.001). The mean ± SD final height for girls diagnosed postmenarche (161.4 ± 6.9 cm) was greater than for those diagnosed premenarche (158.8 ± 7.3 cm; P = 0.001). In regression analysis, those diagnosed postmenarche were significantly taller than those diagnosed premenarche, as adjusted for ethnicity and disease severity (mean ± SD β = 2.6 ± 0.7 cm; P = 0.0006). CONCLUSION In this large cohort study of girls with childhood-onset SLE, patients diagnosed postmenarche achieved a taller final height than those diagnosed premenarche, even after accounting for ethnicity and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watchareewan Sontichai
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Fangming Liao
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniela Dominguez
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah M Levy
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muna Al Mutairi
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lawrence Ng
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Silverio
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Earl D Silverman
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Linda T Hiraki
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Luo K, Liu J, Wang Y, Aimuzi R, Luo F, Ao J, Zhang J. Associations between organophosphate esters and sex hormones among 6-19-year old children and adolescents in NHANES 2013-2014. Environ Int 2020; 136:105461. [PMID: 31931349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are a class of alternative replacements for polybrominated diphenyl ethers. In vitro and in vivo studies suggested that OPEs may disrupt the homeostasis of sex steroid hormones. However, human evidence in children and adolescents is limited. OBJECTIVES We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the associations between OPE biomarkers and sex steroid hormones among children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-19 years) in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2014. METHODS Participants aged 6-19 years who had available data on urinary OPE metabolites, serum sex hormones [total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2)] and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were included (n = 544). Free androgen index (FAI) calculated as TT divided by SHBG and a ratio of TT to E2 (TT/E2) were generated. Five urinary OPE metabolites were examined. A constructed puberty status was defined as either high steroid hormone levels (TT ≥ 50 ng/dL in males and E2 ≥ 20 pg/ml in females) or onset of menarche. Multiple linear regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses stratified by sex-age and sex-puberty-status groups were conducted to examine the associations of OPE metabolites and its mixture with sex hormone levels. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, dibutyl phosphate (DBUP) and dibutyl phosphate (DPHP) were significantly inversely associated with TT (or FAI) and E2; DBUP was negatively associated with SHBG; and DPHP was positively associated with SHBG and TT/E2 in female adolescents. In male adolescents, we observed monotonic negative associations of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), DBUP or DPHP with TT (or FAI) and E2, and positive associations of BDCPP and DPHP with SHBG. Among adolescents, the OPEs index was negatively associated with TT [WQS beta = -0.29 (95% confidence interval: -0.51, -0.07) in males and -0.15 (-0.28, -0.01) in females ], FAI [-0.46 (-0.71, -0.2) in males and -0.23 (-0.41, -0.05) in females] and E2 [-0.25 (-0.41, -0.1) in males and -0.33 (-0.59, -0.08) in females], with stronger associations with TT and FAI in males and a slightly stronger association with E2 in females. In addition, the OPEs index presented a comparable positive association with SHBG in both sexes of adolescents. In contrast, significant associations of individual OPE metabolites or OPEs index with sex hormones were sparse in children. Results by sex-puberty status in single pollutant and WQS regression analyses presented a similar pattern, where most of the significant associations were limited to the pubertal individuals. Of note, stronger inverse associations of the OPEs index with TT and FAI remained in pubertal boys. But the association between the OPEs index and E2 was non-significant in pubertal girls, and only in pubertal boys did the OPEs index show a significant and stronger inverse association with E2. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to OPEs, either individually or as a mixture, was associated with decreased levels of certain sex steroid hormones (TT, FAI, and E2) and increased levels of SHBG in adolescents or pubertal individuals, with the associations presenting somewhat sex-dependent pattern. However, there is little evidence of the significant associations in children or prepubescent ones. Given the cross-sectional nature of the analysis, our findings need further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ruxianguli Aimuzi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fei Luo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junjie Ao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Abstract
Several factors including demographic, reproductive, lifestyle, psychological and social factors can affect incidence and severity of primary dysmenorrhea. This study aimed to systematically review the psychological risk factors associated with primary dysmenorrhea. Embase, ISI web of knowledge, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed central were searched using keywords related to risk factors and primary dysmenorrhea. Observational studies, published in English after 2000, focusing solely on psychological factors affecting primary dysmenorrhea were included. The search process retrieved 11,928 potential related articles. Thirty three articles met inclusion criteria and were assessed for final synthesis. The STROBE checklist was used to quality assessment of studies. Results of study showed that few studies had investigated relationship between dysmenorrhea and most psychological disorders. Most studies have investigated the relationship between dysmenorrhea and depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol abuse and somatic disorders. So, further studies are needed to investigate relation between most psychological disorders with primary dysmenorrhea. Significant relationship between some mental health components such as depression, anxiety and stress with primary dysmenorrhea shows the importance of psychological assessment before the choice of therapeutic methods. Also, the feasibility of designing and evaluating the effectiveness of the use of psychotherapy interventions for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea as alternative therapies can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bajalan
- a Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery , Qazvin University of Medical Science , Qazvin , Iran
| | - Farnoosh Moafi
- a Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery , Qazvin University of Medical Science , Qazvin , Iran
| | - Mohammad MoradiBaglooei
- b Psychiatric Nursing Department, School of Nursing & Midwifery , Qazvin University of Medical Science , Qazvin , Iran
| | - Zainab Alimoradi
- c Social Determinants of Health Research Centre , Qazvin University of Medical Science , Qazvin , Iran
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15
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Hõrak P, Valge M, Fischer K, Mägi R, Kaart T. Parents of early-maturing girls die younger. Evol Appl 2019; 12:1050-1061. [PMID: 31080514 PMCID: PMC6503892 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the life-history theory, rates of sexual maturation have coevolved with mortality rates so that individuals who mature faster tend to die younger. We used two data sets, providing different markers for the speed of pubertal development to test whether rates of sexual maturation of women predict the age at death of their parents. In the data set of Estonian schoolgirls born between 1936 and 1961, the rate of breast development predicted lifespan of both mothers and fathers (irrespectively of their socio-economic position), so that parents of rapidly maturing girls died at younger age. This finding supports the view that fast maturation rates in humans have coevolved with short lifespans and that such trade-offs can be detected as intergenerational phenotypic correlations in modern populations. Menarcheal age of participants of Estonian Biobank (born between 1925 and 1996) did not predict the age of death of their mothers; however, it did predict survival of their fathers, but only in environment where the genetic variation is exposed (families where at least one parent had tertiary education). In such families (where girls also matured 0.2-0.4 years earlier than in poorly educated families), 1-year delay in daughter's menarche corresponded to 9% lower hazard of father's death. Heritability of menarcheal age was also highest in well-educated families. The latter findings are consistent with the idea that genetic differences in the rate of pubertal maturation may be expressed most clearly in well-off families because in such families, the contribution of environmental variance to total phenotypic variance in menarcheal age is smallest. Our findings suggest that with global improvement and equalization of growth conditions, reductions of environmental variation in the rate of maturation increasingly expose the genetic differences in menarcheal age to selection. Under such conditions, selection on menarcheal age has a potential to affect the evolution of lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeter Hõrak
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Markus Valge
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | | | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome CenterUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Tanel Kaart
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal SciencesEstonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia
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16
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Berger GK, Nisson PL, James WS, Kaiser KN, Hurlbert RJ. Outcomes in different age groups with primary Ewing sarcoma of the spine: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine 2019; 30:1-10. [PMID: 30771777 DOI: 10.3171/2018.10.spine18795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEEwing sarcoma (ES) is among the most prevalent of bone sarcomas in young people. Less often, it presents as a primary lesion of the spine (5%-15% of patients with ES).METHODSA systematic literature search was performed, querying several scientific databases per PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria specified all studies of patients with surgically treated ES located in the spine. Patient age was categorized into three groups: 0-13 years (age group 1), 14-20 years (age group 2), and > 21 (age group 3).RESULTSEighteen studies were included, yielding 28 patients with ES of the spine. Sixty-seven percent of patients experienced a favorable outcome, with laminectomies representing the most common (46%) of surgical interventions. One-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates were 82% (n = 23), 75% (n = 21), and 57% (n = 16), respectively. Patients in age group 2 experienced the greatest mortality rate (75%) compared to age group 1 (9%) and age group 3 (22%). The calculated relative risk score indicated patients in age group 2 were 7.5 times more likely to die than other age groups combined (p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONSPrimary ES of the spine is a rare, debilitating disease in which the role of surgery and its impact on one's quality of life and independence status has not been well described. This study found the majority of patients experienced a favorable outcome with respect to independence status following surgery and adjunctive treatment. An increased risk of recurrence and death was also present among the adolescent age group (14-20 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett K Berger
- 1College of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Whitney S James
- 3Division of Neurosurgery, High Desert Surgery Center, Prescott, Arizona
| | - Kristen N Kaiser
- 1College of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - R John Hurlbert
- 4Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, Tucson; and
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17
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Freire C, Ocón-Hernández O, Dávila-Arias C, Pérez-Lobato R, Calvente I, Ramos R, Olea N, Fernández MF. Anogenital distance and reproductive outcomes in 9- to 11-year-old boys: the INMA-Granada cohort study. Andrology 2018; 6:874-881. [PMID: 30113141 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies examining the association of anogenital distance (AGD), a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure, with sexual development in children are lacking. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between AGD measures and reproductive outcomes, including puberty onset, testicular volume, reproductive hormone levels, and urogenital malformations in boys aged 9-11 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among children belonging to the Spanish Environment and Childhood (INMA) Project, a population-based birth cohort study. The present sample included 279 boys for whom data were available on AGD, pubertal stage, testicular volume, and relevant covariates. Out of the boys with AGD data, 187 provided a blood sample for hormone analysis. AGD was measured from the center of the anus to the base of the scrotum. Pubertal development was assessed according to Tanner stage of genital development (G1-G5), and testicular volume was measured with an orchidometer. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, logistic regression analysis showed that AGD was positively associated with testicular volume but not with Tanner stage (>G1 vs. G1), serum hormone levels, or undescended testis. Regardless of their age, body mass index, and Tanner stage (G1 or >G1), boys with longer AGD showed increased odds of a testicular volume >3 mL (OR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.00-1.19 per 10% increment in AGD; and OR = 3.14, 95%CI = 0.99-9.94 for AGD >42 mm vs. <33 mm). DISCUSSION Longer AGD was associated with testicular growth, an indicator of gonadarche, but not with other reproductive outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Although AGD was positively associated with testicular volume, it remains unclear whether AGD predicts testis size at puberty or is related to puberty onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Freire
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain
| | - O Ocón-Hernández
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - C Dávila-Arias
- Radiology Unit, Health Science Technological Park University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - R Pérez-Lobato
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Psychology Clinic ISEP, Granada, Spain
| | - I Calvente
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - R Ramos
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - N Olea
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M F Fernández
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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18
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Kao GS, Bhandari RP, Huestis SE, Golianu B. Traumatic Stress and Pediatric Pain: Towards a Neurobiological Stress-Health Perspective. J Child Adolesc Trauma 2018; 11:249-255. [PMID: 32318154 PMCID: PMC7163901 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-017-0145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This theoretical review aims to present the limited findings on traumatic stress and pain in children and adolescents, highlight recent discoveries regarding neurobiological processes, and suggest an alternative stress-health perspective in the future study and conceptualization of pediatric pain and traumatic stress based on results. Current literature highlights a positive correlation between pain and trauma symptoms in youth and suggests a complex relationship that may have mutually maintaining dynamics and intertwined physiological processes. Developmentally sensitive, longitudinal, process-oriented designs assessing neurobiological alterations and stress responses should be utilized in the examination of the trauma-pain relationship. Such investigations may provide a more unified explanation of the relationship between chronic pain and traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace S. Kao
- Stanford Children’s Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, 6621 Fannin St., #A3300, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Rashmi Parekh Bhandari
- Stanford Children’s Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Samantha E. Huestis
- Stanford Children’s Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Brenda Golianu
- Stanford Children’s Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
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Bertoli FMDP, Bruzamolin CD, Pizzatto E, Losso EM, Brancher JA, de Souza JF. Prevalence of diagnosed temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study in Brazilian adolescents. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192254. [PMID: 29420573 PMCID: PMC5805263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) increases during adolescence and adulthood. Few studies have examined TMD prevalence in Brazilian adolescents. Aim To investigate the prevalence of TMD in Brazilian adolescents. Methods A representative population-based sample of 934 adolescents (10–14-years-old) was examined. TMD screening was performed using a questionnaire by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. TMD diagnoses used research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD—Axis-I). Examinations were performed by a single calibrated examiner (kappa > 0.80). Results The prevalence of TMD symptoms was 34.9%; the most frequently reported symptoms were headache and neck ache (20.9%), followed by joint sounds (18.5%). Myofascial pain was the most prevalent type (10.3%), followed by disc displacement with reduction (8.0%) and arthralgia (3.5%). There was a significant association between sex and TMD symptoms; prevalence was significantly higher in girls (RP = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.14–1.65; p = 0.001). Myofascial pain of TMD and displacement with reduction were more prevalent in girls (RP = 1.76; p = 0.007 and RP = 2.06; p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusion TMD symptoms were present in 34.9% of adolescents, with myofascial pain being the most prevalent type (10.3%). TMD was significantly more common in girls. Routine pediatric dental care should include a TMD screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Pizzatto
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Estela Maris Losso
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Armando Brancher
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Juliana Feltrin de Souza
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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20
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Stadelmann S, Jaeger S, Matuschek T, Bae YJ, von Klitzing K, Klein AM, Döhnert M. Endocrinological and subjective stress responses in children with depressive, anxiety, or externalizing disorders. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:605-22. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, we used a stress test to investigate endocrinological and subjective stress responses of 8- to 14-year-old children with internalizing or externalizing disorders and healthy controls. The sample (N = 170) consisted of clinical and community children. Parents were given a diagnostic interview to diagnose their children's psychiatric condition. We measured saliva cortisol and subjectively experienced arousal in children before and after the Trier Social Stress Test for Children. Children also rated their performance immediately after the stress test, and 1 hr later they rated their positive and negative thoughts about this stressful event. Children with internalizing or externalizing disorders exhibited a blunted cortisol response compared to healthy controls. Depressed children rated their test performance lower and reported more negative thoughts after the test in comparison to healthy controls, anxious children reported more arousal before and after the task, and children with externalizing disorders reported more positive thoughts. In regression analyses, cortisol and subjective stress responses were both predictive of psychiatric disorders. The study extends previous work on the relation between psychiatric disorders and children's stress responses to an experimentally induced stress task by including a broad range of psychiatric disorders and by integrating endocrinological and subjective stress responses.
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Chavarro JE, Watkins DJ, Afeiche MC, Zhang Z, Sánchez BN, Cantonwine D, Mercado-García A, Blank-Goldenberg C, Meeker JD, Téllez-Rojo MM, Peterson KE. Validity of Self-Assessed Sexual Maturation Against Physician Assessments and Hormone Levels. J Pediatr 2017; 186:172-178.e3. [PMID: 28438374 PMCID: PMC5492944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare self-report and physician assessments of sexual maturation against serum hormone markers to evaluate the hypothesis that the validity of self-assessed sexual maturation is underestimated in traditional validation studies. STUDY DESIGN We adapted a self-assessment instrument that 248 Mexican children and adolescents, aged 8-13 years, completed. The participants were examined by a trained pediatrician and provided fasting blood samples for measurement of reproductive hormones (eg, testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, inhibin B) and other hormones (eg, C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor 1, leptin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) known to change during adolescence. Spearman correlations (r) were calculated among the average rank of all hormones and self-assessed and physician-assessed Tanner stage. The method of triads was used to assess the validity of self-reports by estimating correlations between self-assessments and true but unobservable sexual maturation based on all available data. Bootstrap sampling was used to construct 95% CIs. RESULTS The validity of self-reported genitalia staging for boys was modest (r = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31-0.65) and inferior to physician assessment (r = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.56-0.93). Breast stage was well reported (r = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.79-0.97) and superior to physician assessment (r = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.70-0.89). Pubic hair stage reported by boys (r = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.79-0.99) and girls (r = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00) was superior to physician assessment (r = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.57-0.97 and r = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-0.97, respectively). CONCLUSION Self-assessment can be validly used in epidemiologic studies for evaluating sexual maturation in children; however, physician assessment may be necessary for accurate assessment of genitalia development in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah J. Watkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Myriam C. Afeiche
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Brisa N. Sánchez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - David Cantonwine
- Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriana Mercado-García
- Research Center for Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, MOR, MEXICO
| | | | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Martha María Téllez-Rojo
- Research Center for Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, MOR, MEXICO
| | - Karen E. Peterson
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA,Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
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Chumpitazi BP, Weidler EM, Czyzewski DI, Self MM, Heitkemper M, Shulman RJ. Childhood Irritable Bowel Syndrome Characteristics Are Related to Both Sex and Pubertal Development. J Pediatr 2017; 180:141-147.e1. [PMID: 27639531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship of both pubertal development and sex to childhood irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) clinical characteristics including gastrointestinal symptoms (eg, abdominal pain) and psychological factors. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study with children ages 7-17 years (n = 143) with a pediatric Rome III IBS diagnosis recruited from both primary and tertiary clinics between January 2009 and January 2014. Subjects completed 14-day prospective pain and stool diaries, as well as validated questionnaires assessing several psychological factors (somatization, depression, anxiety) and Tanner stage. Stool form ratings were completed using the Bristol Stool Form Scale. RESULTS Girls with higher Tanner scores (more mature pubertal development) had both decreased pain severity and pain interference; in contrast, boys with higher Tanner scores had both increasing pain severity (β = 0.40, P = .02) and pain interference (β = 0.16, P = .02). Girls (vs boys), irrespective of pubertal status, had both increased somatic complaints (P = .005) and a higher percentage (P = .01) of hard (Bristol Stool Form Scale type 1 or 2) stools. Pubertal status and sex did not significantly relate to IBS subtype, pain frequency, stooling frequency, anxiety, or depression. CONCLUSIONS In children with IBS, both pubertal development and/or sex are associated with abdominal pain severity, stool form, and somatization. These differences provide insight into the role of pubertal maturation during the transition from childhood to adult IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Bonilla
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital,Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alejandro Flores
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital,Boston, Massachusetts.
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Abstract
Two recent papers associated candidate genes with brooding rumination, a possible cognitive endophenotype for depression, in children ages 8-14 years. Stone et al. reported that BDNF val66met polymorphism predicted brooding in adolescence. Woody et al. reported that children carrying at least one copy of a CRHR1 TAT haplotype reported less brooding than their peers in the presence of maternal depression. We attempted to replicate and extend these findings in a sample of twins aged 12-16 years. We analyzed the BDNF val66met (rs6265) polymorphism and two (rs242924 and rs7209436) out of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that Woody et al. used to create a CRHR1 haplotype. We controlled for maternal history of depression and clustering within families. Unlike Stone et al., we found higher brooding among BDNF Met carriers. This main effect was qualified by an interaction with pubertal status, with the effect driven by more physically mature participants. Similar to Woody et al., we found an interaction between CRHR1 SNPs and maternal depression, with the homozygous minor genotype acting as a protective factor against brooding in the presence of maternal depression. Findings provide partial support for the influence of candidate genes in two environmentally sensitive systems on brooding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Van Hulle
- a Waisman Center , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Sierra Clifford
- b Psychology Department , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA
| | - Mollie N Moore
- a Waisman Center , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | | | - H Hill Goldsmith
- a Waisman Center , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
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Munkholm A, Olsen EM, Rask CU, Clemmensen L, Rimvall MK, Jeppesen P, Micali N, Skovgaard AM. Eating behaviours in preadolescence are associated with body dissatisfaction and mental disorders - Results of the CCC2000 study. Appetite 2016; 101:46-54. [PMID: 26896837 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Preadolescence is a key period in the early stages of eating disorder development. The aim of the present study was, firstly, to investigate restrained, emotional and external eating in a general population-based sample of 11-12 year olds. Secondly, we sought to explore how these eating behaviours are associated with possible predictors of eating disorders, such as body dissatisfaction, weight status and mental disorders. A subsample of 1567 children (47.7% boys; 52.3% girls) from the Copenhagen Child Cohort (CCC2000) completed web-based questionnaires on eating behaviours and body dissatisfaction using The Eating Pattern Inventory for Children (EPI-C) and The Children's Figure Rating Scale. Mental disorders were assessed using the online version of the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) based on parental replies with final DSM-IV diagnoses determined by experienced child- and adolescent psychiatrists. Height and weight were measured at a face-to-face assessment. The results showed that restrained eating was significantly associated with overweight, body dissatisfaction and emotional disorders in both genders. Emotional eating showed similar associations with overweight and body dissatisfaction in both genders, but was only associated with mental disorders in girls. External eating was significantly associated with body dissatisfaction and neurodevelopmental disorders in both genders, but was only associated with overweight in girls. Our findings show that problematic eating behaviours can be identified in preadolescence, and co-exist with weight problems and mental disorders. Thus restrained, emotional and external eating was, in different ways, associated with overweight, body dissatisfaction and mental disorders. Our findings point to significant eating behaviours in preadolescence, which could constitute potential predictors of later eating disorder risk.
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Balzer BWR, Duke SA, Hawke CI, Steinbeck KS. The effects of estradiol on mood and behavior in human female adolescents: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr 2015; 174:289-98. [PMID: 25567794 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-014-2475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mood disorders and health risk behaviors increase in adolescence. Puberty is considered to contribute to these events. However, the precise impact of pubertal hormone changes to the emergence of mood disorders and risk behaviors is relatively unclear. It is important that inappropriate attribution is not made. Our aim was to determine what is known about the effect of endogenous estradiol on human adolescent girls' mood and behavior. The databases searched were MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Pre-MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus for all dates to October 2014. For inclusion, contemporaneous hormone and mood or behavioral assessment was required. Data were extracted following a template created by the authors. Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria. There was some consistency in findings for mood and estradiol levels, with associations between estradiol and depression and emotional tone and risk taking. Results were less consistent for studies assessing other mood and behavioral outcomes. Most studies were cross-sectional in design; assay methodologies used in older studies may lack the precision to detect early pubertal hormone levels. CONCLUSION Three longitudinal and several cross-sectional studies indicate potential associations between estradiol and certain mood or affective states, especially depression and mood variability though there are insufficient data to confirm that the rise in estradiol during puberty is causative. We believe that it is important for health professionals to take care when attributing adolescent psychopathology to puberty hormones, as the current data supporting these assertions are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben W R Balzer
- Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia,
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Gosmann NP, Salum GA, Schuch F, Silveira PP, Bosa VL, Goldani MZ, Manfro GG. Association between internalizing disorders and day-to-day activities of low energetic expenditure. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2015; 46:67-74. [PMID: 24570170 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-014-0450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to compare energetic expenditure in day-to-day activities among subjects with internalizing disorders (depression and anxiety), externalizing disorders (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder) and healthy children and adolescents without any psychiatric diagnosis. One hundred and five (n = 105) students from a community sample were evaluated throughout a structured psychiatric interview and categorized into three groups: internalizing (n = 54), externalizing (n = 12) and typically developing controls (TDC, n = 39). Energetic expenditure was evaluated using 3-day physical activity record. Subjects with internalizing disorders performed activities with lower energetic expenditure as compared to those with externalizing disorders and TDC. Participants with externalizing disorders had more energetic expenditure variability. Our study suggests that internalizing disorders are associated with activities of low energetic expenditure in day-to-day activities, extending previous findings with physical exercise. These findings may further contribute to the understanding of the associated morbidity previously described in patients with internalizing disorders.
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Balık G, Ustüner I, Kağıtcı M, Sahin FK. Is there a relationship between mood disorders and dysmenorrhea? J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2014; 27:371-4. [PMID: 25256879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2014.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Menstrual problems are common among adolescent females. Mood changes are related to menstrual problems (menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and abnormal menstrual cycle length). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. METHODS A total of 159 adolescent girls (aged 13-19 y) with regular menstrual cycles presenting to the gynecology clinic with any complaints were included in the study during April-May 2013. All of the participants filled up the sociodemographic data collection form, FACES Pain Rating Scale, Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and a questionnaire form on criteria for PMS. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 67.9%. The mean BAI and BDI scores of the patients were 13.64 ± 12.81 and 11.88 ± 10.83, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between patients and control groups on the BAI and BDI scoring (P < .05). At least 1 of the symptoms of the PMS was detected in all of the participants and 29 (18.2%) of them were diagnosed as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The mean BAI score of the patients with PMS and PMDD were 9.65 ± 9.28 and 21.31 ± 15.75, respectively. The mean BDI score of the patients with PMS and PMDD were 8.39 ± 8.62 and 19.1 ± 11.85, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between PMS/PMDD and BAI/BDI scoring (P = .00). CONCLUSION Adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea have an increased risk of depression and anxiety. These results of our study are significant in emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to primary dysmenorrhea follow-up and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülşah Balık
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Işık Ustüner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kağıtcı
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Turkey.
| | - Figen Kır Sahin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University School of Medicine, Turkey
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Faria ERD, Franceschini SDCC, Peluzio MDCG, Sant'Ana LFDR, Priore SE. Methodological and ethical aspects of the sexual maturation assessment in adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr 2014; 31:398-405. [PMID: 24142325 PMCID: PMC4182982 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-05822013000300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze methodological and ethical aspects in the sexual maturation
assessment of adolescents. DATA SOURCES Books and theses, articles and legislations on the Medline, SciELO, Science
Direct databases, besides institutional documents of the World Health
Organization and the Pediatric Societies of Brazil and São Paulo,
considering the period from 1962 to 2012. The following keywords were used
in Portuguese and English: "sexual maturation", "self-assessment", "ethics",
"OBJECTIVE assessment of sexual maturation", "puberty", "adolescent", and
"adolescentdevelopment". DATA SYNTHESIS The sexual maturation assessment is used in populatinal studies and in
clinical daily care. The direct evaluation is performed by a specialized
physician, whereas the self-assessment is carried out by the adolescent.
This evaluation should be carefully performed in the appropriate place,
taking into account the ethical aspects. The patient should not be
constrained and the physician must respect the privacy and the
confidentiality. Before this evaluation and independently of the used
method, the adolescent should receive information and explanation about the
procedure and the tools that will be applied. Furthermore, the patient has
the right to want or not an adult close to him. CONCLUSIONS Validation studies showed that self-assessment is inferior to clinical
assessment and should, therefore, be performed only when the direct
examination by physicians is not possible.
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Lee SH, Kang SM, Choi MH, Lee J, Park MJ, Kim SH, Lee WY, Hong J, Chung BC. Changes in steroid metabolism among girls with precocious puberty may not be associated with urinary levels of bisphenol A. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 44:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Weiler RME, Santos FM, Kulic MA, De Souza Lima MPC, Pardini SR, Mori M, de Souza Vitalle MS. Prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction in female adolescent athletes and non-athletes. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:519-24. [PMID: 23312530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) in female adolescent athletes and non-athletes and to examine the association between signs and symptoms of TMD in female adolescents in different Tanner stages. METHODS The subjects were 89 female basketball and handball players ages 10-18 years and 72 female non-athlete adolescents ages 10-19 years selected from the Department of Pediatrics (School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo) as a control group. A survey was used to assess the signs and symptoms of TMD. According to the answers on the survey the adolescents were classified in two categories: no signs or symptoms present (score A-absent), at least one sign or symptom present (score P-present). The ones who got score "P" were submitted to a standardized functional examination of the masticatory system by four previously calibrated examiners. Pubertal status was assessed based on physical examination by physicians from our Division. The adolescents were classified according to Tanner stages into three subgroups: subgroup 1 (before the growth spurt), subgroup 2 (growth spurt period), subgroup 3 (end of growth spurt). Significant differences between athletes and non-athletes were assessed for categorical variables (Chi-square and Fisher's exact test) and for continuous variables (Mann-Whitney test). The level of significance used was 5%. There was significant agreement between raters, kappa-values (0.621-1.000) and ICC values (0.757-0.899). RESULTS There was no significant difference between the athletes and non-athletes in exhibiting at least one sign or symptom of TMD (p=0.301). When comparing the adolescents who presented at least one symptom of TMD to the different subgroups of Tanner stages no statistically significant differences were found (p=0.124). CONCLUSION The lack of significant differences among female adolescent athletes and non-athletes and among the subgroups of Tanner stages may suggests that although contact sports increase the risk of temporomandibular joint lesions and estrogen levels are risk factor for onset of TMD, they do not impact significantly on the onset of this disorder, when considered alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Eid Weiler
- Adolescent Sector, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of S Paulo, Rua Botucatu 715, CEP 04023-062, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Joinson C, Heron J, Araya R, Paus T, Croudace T, Rubin C, Marcus M, Lewis G. Association between pubertal development and depressive symptoms in girls from a UK cohort. Psychol Med 2012; 42:2579-2589. [PMID: 22717026 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171200061x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether pubertal status or timing of puberty explains the increase in depressive symptoms in girls during adolescence. METHOD This is a longitudinal study based on 2506 girls from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Self-reported depressive symptoms at 10.5, 13 and 14 years were assessed using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ). Pubertal status (Tanner breast and pubic hair stage) and timing of menarche were derived from questionnaires administered from age 8 to 14 years. We used multivariable regression models to examine the relative contributions of pubertal status and timing in accounting for increases in level of depressive symptoms at 14 years. RESULTS With increasing age, the association between breast development and depressive symptoms strengthened. Pubertal status (breast stage), rather than timing of menarche, was independently associated with depressive symptoms at 14 years. There was strong evidence for a linear relationship between breast stage and depressive symptoms at 14 years [increase in 0.17 S.D. (range 0.10-0.24) of depressive symptoms for advancement of each breast stage]. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms in mid-adolescence were more strongly influenced by breast stage than timing of menarche. This could imply that the female rise in depression during adolescence is due to increasing estrogen levels, and might explain why the gender difference in rates of depression emerges at this stage. Future research should be aimed at identifying the mechanism of action of pubertal change, including direct effects of pubertal hormones and indirect effects mediated by psychosocial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Joinson
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
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Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Fletcher T, Armstrong B, Genser B, Dhatariya K, Mondal D, Ducatman A, Leonardi G. Association of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) with Age of Puberty among Children Living near a Chemical Plant. Environ Sci Technol 2011; 45:8160-6. [PMID: 21534542 DOI: 10.1021/es1038694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Fletcher
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Armstrong
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Genser
- Mannheim Institute of Public
Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ketan Dhatariya
- Elsie Bertram Diabetes Centre, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Debapriya Mondal
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Ducatman
- Department
of Community Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, West Virginia, United States
| | - Giovanni Leonardi
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
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O'Sullivan TA, Bremner AP, Beilin LJ, Ambrosini GL, Mori TA, Huang RC, Oddy WH. Polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and blood pressure in adolescents. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 26:178-87. [PMID: 21307885 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2011.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Evidence that intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may modify blood pressure (BP) is generally limited to middle-aged or hypertensive populations. This study examined cross-sectional associations between BP and dietary intake of PUFAs in 814 adolescents aged 13-15 years participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Fatty acid intakes were assessed using 3-day diet records and resting BP was determined using multiple oscillometric readings. In multivariate regression models, systolic BP was inversely associated with intakes of polyunsaturated (b=-0.436, P<0.01), omega-3 (b=-2.47, P=0.02), omega-6 (b=-0.362, P=0.04) and long chain omega-3 fatty acids (b=-4.37, P=0.04) in boys. Diastolic BP and mean arterial pressure were inversely associated with intakes of long chain omega-3 fatty acids in boys (b=-3.93, P=0.01, b=-4.05, P=0.01, respectively). For specific long-chain omega-3s, significant inverse associations were observed between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid, such as systolic BP decreasing by 4.7 mm Hg (95% CI -9.3 to -0.1) for a quarter gram increase in EPA, but no significant associations were observed with docosapentaenoic acid. No significant associations were observed in girls, or with the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio. Our results suggest that gender may moderate relationships between fatty acid intake and BP in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A O'Sullivan
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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Weiler RME, Vitalle MSDS, Mori M, Kulik MA, Ide L, Pardini SRDSV, Santos FM. Prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction in male adolescent athletes and non-athletes. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74:896-900. [PMID: 20541812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) in male adolescent athletes-basketball players and non-athletes and to examine the association between signs and symptoms of TMD in male adolescents in different Tanner stages. METHODS The subjects were 46 male basketball players ages 10-13 years and 41 male adolescent non-athletes ages 10-18 years selected from the Department of Pediatrics (School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo) as a control group. A questionnaire was used to assess the signs and symptoms of TMD. According to the answers on the questionnaire the adolescents were classified in two categories: no signs or symptoms present (score A-absent), at least one sign or symptom present (score P-present). The ones who got score "P" were submitted to a standardized functional examination of the masticatory system by the same examiner. Pubertal status was assessed based on physical examination by physicians from our Division. The adolescents were classified according to Tanner stages into three subgroups: subgroup 1 (before the growth spurt), subgroup 2 (growth spurt period), subgroup 3 (end of growth spurt). Significant differences between athletes and non-athletes were assessed using non-parametric Wilcoxon test for continuous variables and the Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. The level of significance used was 5%. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the athletes and non-athletes in exhibiting at least one sign or symptom of TMD (p=0.1148). When comparing the adolescents who presented at least one symptom of TMD to the different subgroups of Tanner Stages no statistically significant differences were found (p=0.8357). CONCLUSION The lack of significant differences among male adolescents athletes and non-athletes may be caused by the size of the sample, the age of the athletes or by a probable protective action of testosterone levels in male athletes. The lack of statistical difference comparing the adolescents who presented at least one sign or symptom of TMD to subgroups of Tanner is probably because estrogen is the risk factor hormone and the levels of estrogen in male adolescents are very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Eid Weiler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of S. Paulo, Rua Botucatu 715, CEP 04023-062, São Paulo, Brazil
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Raman A, Lustig RH, Fitch M, Fleming SE. Accuracy of self-assessed Tanner staging against hormonal assessment of sexual maturation in overweight African-American children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2009; 22:609-22. [PMID: 19774842 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2009.22.7.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the accuracy of self-reported Tanner (SRT) staging against a proxy method of physician's assessment of sexual maturation, using pubertal hormones in overweight African-American (AA) children. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 196 children (113 girls, 83 boys) aged 9-11 years, who were 'overweight' (>85th and <95th percentile for age- and gender-matched BMI; n = 43) or 'obese' (>95th percentile; n = 153) were used. Children assessed their breast or genital and pubic hair development using standardized Tanner drawings representing different stages of sexual maturity. SRT data were compared to pubertal stage assessed by measuring fasting serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) in boys, and LH and estradiol (E2) in girls, which were used to stage children into pubertal stages 1-5. RESULTS SRT stages of genital and pubic hair assessments in boys, and breast and pubic hair assessments in girls, yielded 15-20% concordance (kappa statistic = 0.02-0.12) compared to their hormone-derived pubertal stages. CONCLUSIONS Among overweight AA 9-11 year-old children, self-assessment of Tanner staging did not accurately assess their pubertal development when compared to a hormone-derived pubertal assessment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Raman
- The Robert C and Veronica Atkins Center for Weight and Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3104, USA
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Abstract
The factors that influence the timing of puberty and the onset of adult fertility are poorly understood. While focus on the juvenile period has provided insights into how growth-related cues affect pubertal timing, growth velocity during infancy that is sustained into the juvenile period may be important. On the other hand, social factors, specifically exposure to psychosocial stressors, can delay sexual maturation, possibly by altering growth velocities during development. Using female rhesus monkeys, the present study used a prospective analysis to determine how neonatal growth hormone (GH) inhibition with a sandostatin analog or suppression of the pituitary-gonadal axis with a GnRH analog affected growth and sexual maturation. A separate retrospective analysis was done assessing the effects of social dominance status during development on pubertal timing. Because a specific polymorphism in the gene encoding the serotonin (5HT) reuptake transporter increases vulnerability to psychosocial stressors, females were also genotyped and were then classified as socially dominant, having both alleles for the long promoter variant or having at least one allele for the short promoter variant, or as socially subordinate, having the long variant or having the short variant. Neonatal treatments were not balanced for social status or genotype, so analyses were performed separately. Although the neonatal treatments reduced GH secretion postnatally and through the juvenile period, neither growth nor sexual maturation was affected. In contrast, the retrospective analysis showed sexual maturation was delayed significantly in subordinate females carrying at least one allele of the short promoter variant in the gene encoding the 5HT reuptake transporter, and this delay was associated with reduced GH and leptin secretion during the juvenile phase but not with differences in growth velocities from birth. These data suggest that decreased neonatal GH secretion does not adversely affect sexual maturation, but that polymorphisms in the gene encoding the 5HT transporter modulate the adverse consequences of social subordination on the timing of puberty in female rhesus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Wilson
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Meikle AW, Kushnir MM, Rockwood AL, Pattison EG, Terry AH, Sandrock T, Bunker AM, Phanslkar AR, Owen WE, Roberts WL. Adrenal steroid concentrations in children seven to seventeen years of age. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2007; 20:1281-91. [PMID: 18341088 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2007.20.12.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
During puberty, serum steroid concentrations change dramatically. The objective of this study was to determine the adrenal steroid concentrations in children from 7 to 17 years of age. Tanner stage was determined in each child by physical examination. 11-Deoxycortisol, pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were measured by immunoassay. The median and central 95% of the steroid concentrations were determined for age, gender, and Tanner stage. Except for 11-deoxycortisol, all of the steroids exhibited an increase in concentration after age 7-9 years in both boys and girls. 11-Deoxycortisol, which is made exclusively in the adrenal cortex, declined with age and Tanner stage. This suggests that a rise in gonadal function and decreased efficiency of 11beta-hydroxylase with age may contribute to an increase in the remaining steroids. Testosterone concentrations increased more dramatically in boys, but increases were seen with each Tanner stage in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wayne Meikle
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah Health Science Center, UT, USA.
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