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Zhu X, Zhang S, Yu Y, Li S, Yang C, Chang Y. Inhibitory Effect of L-Methionine on Alternaria alternata Based on Metabolomics Analysis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:151. [PMID: 38392823 PMCID: PMC10890048 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternaria alternata is the main pathogenic fungus of postharvest black spots in fruits and vegetables. This study aimed to explore the antifungal activity of methionine on A. alternata in vitro and to reveal related antifungal mechanisms through a metabolomics analysis. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of L-methionine (Met) treatment on mycelium growth, spore germination, and the germ tube elongation of A. alternata were enhanced with an increase in the Met concentration, but the inhibitory effects decreased when the Met concentration was higher than 50 mmolL-1. The results of propidium iodide staining and scanning electron microscopy showed that the Met treatment damaged the plasma membrane integrity of the A. alternata spores and caused an irreversible deformation of mycelium. In addition, after the Met treatment, the leakage of electrolytes, nucleic acid, and proteins in the A. alternata cells was significantly higher than that in the control group, indicating that the Met treatment increased the permeability of the cell membranes. Eighty-one different metabolites, divided into seven categories, were identified through the metabolomics analysis, including forty-three downregulated metabolites and thirty-eight upregulated metabolites. Among them, these differential metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid synthesis and metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the TCA cycle. Therefore, the antifungal effect of the Met treatment on A. alternata was mainly to damage the integrity of the cell membranes, make nucleic acid and protein contents leak, and affect the TCA cycle, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid synthesis metabolism, and the metabolic pathways associated with cell membrane biosynthesis. Thus, the growth and development of A. alternata were inhibited. The research enriched the investigation of the effect of the antifungal mechanism of Met treatment on A. alternata and provided a theoretical basis for the application of Met to prevent and treat postharvest black spots in fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianran Zhu
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Shaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Youwei Yu
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Shengwang Li
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China
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2
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Li S, Yu Y, Xie P, Zhu X, Yang C, Wang L, Zhang S. Antifungal Activities of L-Methionine and L-Arginine Treatment In Vitro and In Vivo against Botrytis cinerea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:360. [PMID: 38399764 PMCID: PMC10891807 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is a common postharvest fungal disease in fruit and vegetables. The prevention and treatment of postharvest gray mold has been one of the hot research issues addressed by researchers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of L-methionine and L-arginine on Botrytis cinerea in vitro and on cherry tomato fruit. The results of the in vitro experiment showed that L-methionine and L-arginine had significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced with increasing L-methionine or L-arginine concentration. In addition, L-methionine and L-arginine treatment increased the leakage of Botrytis cinerea electrolytes, proteins and nucleic acids. The experiment involving propidium iodide staining and malondialdehyde content assay also confirmed that L-methionine and L-arginine treatment could lead to cell membrane rupture and lipid peroxidation. The results of scanning electron microscopy further verified that the morphology of hyphae was damaged, deformed, dented and wrinkled after treatment with L-methionine or L-arginine. Fruit inoculation experiments displayed that L-methionine and L-arginine treatments significantly inhibited the occurrence and development of gray mold in postharvest cherry tomato. Therefore, treatment with L-methionine or L-arginine might be an effective means to control postharvest gray mold in fruit and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaoying Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (S.L.); (P.X.); (C.Y.)
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3
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Luo G, Shen Y, Wu K, Yang H, Wu C, Chang X, Tian W. Evaluation of inducing activity of CIP elicitors from diverse sources based on monosaccharide composition and physiological indicators. J Plant Physiol 2023; 285:154002. [PMID: 37149979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Application of elicitors can greatly enhance plant immune resistance against pathogens. However, it is still obscure whether elicitor activity is influenced by diverse sources. This study investigated the effect of foliar spraying of 19 batches of Chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharides (CIPs) on the disease resistance of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (A. macrocephala) and explored the main reasons for the differences of inducing activity of CIP elicitors. PCA, OPLS-DA, grey relational analysis and entropy weight method had good predictability for the activity evaluation of CIP elicitors and other plant-derived elicitors. The results showed that 19 batches of CIPs had definite regional differences in inducing activity and monosaccharide content. CIP elicitors with high inducing activity could significantly increase the accumulation of Atractylenolide Ⅱ and Atractylenolide Ⅲ, the mRNA relative transcription level of CAT, POD, PAL genes, the amount of pH change in the medium and effectively reduce the disease index of A. macrocephala. Furthermore, CIP with high inducing activity exhibited the high contents of Rha, Ara and GalA, which might be the main contributor to their high activity. The evaluation procedure developed in this work can be applied for screening CIP elicitors with high inducing activity, and it lays a foundation for identifying more functional elicitors related to plant immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Luo
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Yirui Shen
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Kun Wu
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Huining Yang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Chuntao Wu
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Xiangbing Chang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Wei Tian
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
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4
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Tripathi R, Tewari R, Singh KP, Keswani C, Minkina T, Srivastava AK, De Corato U, Sansinenea E. Plant mineral nutrition and disease resistance: A significant linkage for sustainable crop protection. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:883970. [PMID: 36340341 PMCID: PMC9631425 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.883970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Complete and balanced nutrition has always been the first line of plant defense due to the direct involvement of mineral elements in plant protection. Mineral elements affect plant health directly by modulating the activity of redox enzymes or improving the plant vigor indirectly by altering root exudates, and changing microflora population dynamics, rhizosphere soil nutrient content, pH fluctuation, lignin deposition, and phytoalexin biosynthesis. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important macronutrients having a significant impact on the host-pathogen axis. N negatively affects the plant's physical defense along with the production of antimicrobial compounds, but it significantly alleviates defense-related enzyme levels that can eventually assist in systemic resistance. Potassium (K) is an essential plant nutrient, when it is present in adequate concentration, it can certainly increase the plant's polyphenolic concentrations, which play a critical role in the defense mechanism. Although no distinguished role of phosphorus (P) is observed in plant disease resistance, a high P content may increase the plant's susceptibility toward the invader. Manganese (Mn) is one of the most important micronutrients, which have a vital effect on photosynthesis, lignin biosynthesis, and other plant metabolic functions. Zinc (Zn) is a part of enzymes that are involved in auxin synthesis, infectivity, phytotoxin, and mycotoxin production in pathogenic microorganisms. Similarly, many other nutrients also have variable effects on enhancing or decreasing the host susceptibility toward disease onset and progression, thereby making integrative plant nutrition an indispensable component of sustainable agriculture. However, there are still many factors influencing the triple interaction of host-pathogen-mineral elements, which are not yet unraveled. Thereby, the present review has summarized the recent progress regarding the use of macro- and micronutrients in sustainable agriculture and their role in plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Tripathi
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Rashmi Tewari
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - K. P. Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | - Ugo De Corato
- Division of Bioenergy, Biorefinery and Green Chemistry (BBC-BIC), Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Resources (TERIN), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Bari, Italy
| | - Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemerita, Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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5
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Zhao P, Liu L, Cao J, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhong N. Transcriptome Analysis of Tryptophan-Induced Resistance against Potato Common Scab. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158420. [PMID: 35955553 PMCID: PMC9369096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Potato common scab (CS) is a worldwide soil-borne disease that severely reduces tuber quality and market value. We observed that foliar application of tryptophan (Trp) could induce resistance against CS. However, the mechanism of Trp as an inducer to trigger host immune responses is still unclear. To facilitate dissecting the molecular mechanisms, the transcriptome of foliar application of Trp and water (control, C) was compared under Streptomyces scabies (S) inoculation and uninoculation. Results showed that 4867 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified under S. scabies uninoculation (C-vs-Trp) and 2069 DEGs were identified under S. scabies inoculation (S-vs-S+Trp). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicated that Trp induced resistance related to the metabolic process, response to stimulus, and biological regulation. As phytohormone metabolic pathways related to inducing resistance, the expression patterns of candidate genes involved in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET) pathways were analyzed using qRT-PCR. Their expression patterns showed that the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR) pathways could be co-induced by Trp under S. scabies uninoculation. However, the SAR pathway was induced by Trp under S. scabies inoculation. This study will provide insights into Trp-induced resistance mechanisms of potato for controlling CS, and extend the application methods of Trp as a plant resistance inducer in a way that is cheap, safe, and environmentally friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.L.); (J.C.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The Enterprise Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Potato Fertilizer and Pesticide, Hulunbuir 021000, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.L.); (J.C.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.L.); (J.C.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.L.); (J.C.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonglong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.L.); (J.C.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Naiqin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.L.); (J.C.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The Enterprise Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Potato Fertilizer and Pesticide, Hulunbuir 021000, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (N.Z.)
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6
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Santos RB, Figueiredo A. Two sides of the same story in grapevine-pathogen interactions. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:3367-3380. [PMID: 33631010 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Proteases are an integral part of plant defence systems, and their role in plant-pathogen interactions is unequivocal. Emerging evidence suggests that different protease families contribute to the establishment not only of hypersensitive response, priming, and signalling, but also of recognition events through complex proteolytic cascades. Moreover, they play a crucial role in pathogen/microbe-associated molecular pattern (PAMP/MAMP)-triggered immunity as well as in effector-triggered immunity. However, despite important advances in our understanding of the role of proteases in plant defence, the contribution of proteases to pathogen defence in grapevine remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the main grapevine pathosystems and explore the role of serine, cysteine, and aspartic proteases from both the host and pathogen point of views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita B Santos
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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7
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Künstler A, Gullner G, Ádám AL, Kolozsváriné Nagy J, Király L. The Versatile Roles of Sulfur-Containing Biomolecules in Plant Defense-A Road to Disease Resistance. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1705. [PMID: 33287437 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur (S) is an essential plant macronutrient and the pivotal role of sulfur compounds in plant disease resistance has become obvious in recent decades. This review attempts to recapitulate results on the various functions of sulfur-containing defense compounds (SDCs) in plant defense responses to pathogens. These compounds include sulfur containing amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, the tripeptide glutathione, thionins and defensins, glucosinolates and phytoalexins and, last but not least, reactive sulfur species and hydrogen sulfide. SDCs play versatile roles both in pathogen perception and initiating signal transduction pathways that are interconnected with various defense processes regulated by plant hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, ROS-mediated reversible oxidation of cysteine residues on plant proteins have profound effects on protein functions like signal transduction of plant defense responses during pathogen infections. Indeed, the multifaceted plant defense responses initiated by SDCs should provide novel tools for plant breeding to endow crops with efficient defense responses to invading pathogens.
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8
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Jiménez-Pérez R, Almagro L, González-Sánchez MI, Pedreño MÁ, Valero E. Non-enzymatic screen-printed sensor based on PtNPs@polyazure A for the real-time tracking of the H2O2 secreted from living plant cells. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 134:107526. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Wang J, Hou W, Christensen MJ, Xia C, Chen T, Zhang Z, Nan Z. The fungal endophyte Epichloë gansuensis increases NaCl-tolerance in Achnatherum inebrians through enhancing the activity of plasma membrane H +-ATPase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Sci China Life Sci 2020; 64:452-465. [PMID: 32430851 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Salt stress negatively affects plant growth, and the fungal endophyte Epichloëgansuensis increases the tolerance of its host grass species, Achnatherum inebrians, to abiotic stresses. In this work, we first evaluated the effects of E. gansuensis on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity of Achnatherum inebrians plants under varying NaCl concentrations. Our results showed that the presence of E. gansuensis increased G6PDH, PM H+-ATPase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity to decrease O2•-, H2O2 and Na+ contents in A. inebrians under NaCl stress, resulting in enhanced salt tolerance. In addition, the PM NADPH oxidase activity and NADPH/NADP+ ratios were all lower in A. inebrians with E. ganusensis plants than A. inebrians plants without this endophyte under NaCl stress. In conclusion, E. gansuensis has a positive role in improving host grass yield under NaCl stress by enhancing the activity of G6PDH and PM H+-ATPase to decrease ROS content. This provides a new way for the selection of stress-resistant and high-quality forage varieties by the use of systemic fungal endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Center for Grassland Microbiome; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry; Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Center for Grassland Microbiome; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry; Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Michael J Christensen
- Retired scientist of AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Chao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Center for Grassland Microbiome; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry; Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Center for Grassland Microbiome; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry; Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhibiao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Center for Grassland Microbiome; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry; Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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10
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Yu G, Yu Y, Fan H, Zhang D, Cui N, Wang X, Jia S, Yang Y, Zhao J. Analysis of Protein Synthesis in Cucumber Leaves after Inoculation with Corynespora cassiicola: A Proteomic Approach. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2019; 84:963-977. [PMID: 31522678 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919080121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cucumber target leaf spot (TLS) disease caused by Corynespora cassiicola has become one of the most important fungal foliar diseases of cultivated cucumbers. However, the defense mechanisms of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) against C. cassiicola are still poorly understood. Here, proteins from resistant cucumber plants were analyzed using iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) method. A total of 286 differentially expressed proteins were identified (p < 0.05, ratio > 1.2 or < 0.83) 6 and 24 h after pathogen inoculation in the resistant cultivar Jinyou 38 (the data are available via ProteomeXchange; identifier, PXD012903). Some of the early responses to C. cassiicola infection were revealed, and four factors related to the resistance of cucumber plants to TLS were discovered. First, the proteomic approach revealed modulation of signaling pathways in resistant cucumber plants in response to C. cassiicola infection. Second, the plant immune system recognizes the pathogen and initiates expression of immune response proteins, including those related to plant defense, stress response, signal transduction, cell metabolism, and redox regulation. Third, C. cassiicola activates common stress response pathways; in particular, mildew resistance locus O (MLO) proteins were found to play a crucial role in the TLS prevention. Fourth, rapid activation of the carbohydrate and secondary metabolic pathways, modification and reinforcement of cell walls, and adjustment of the apoplastic environment to the highly stressful conditions were crucial in the cucumber resistance to TLS. Overall, our data contribute to the understanding of interactions between plants and their pathogens and provide new insight into molecular processes involved in the resistance of cucumber plants to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Y Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - H Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - D Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - N Cui
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - X Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - S Jia
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Y Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - J Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
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11
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Belchí-Navarro S, Rubio MA, Pedreño MA, Almagro L. Production and localization of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in grapevine cells elicited with cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate. J Plant Physiol 2019; 237:80-86. [PMID: 31030109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of methyl jasmonate, alone or in combination with cyclic oligosaccharides such as cyclodextrins, has proved to be a successful strategy for increasing the production of trans-resveratrol in Vitis vinifera cell cultures. However, understanding the intracellular signalling pathways involved in its production would improve the management of grapevine cells as biofactories of this high-value natural product. The results obtained herein confirm the involvement of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate-induced trans-resveratrol production in grapevine cell cultures. In fact, methyl jasmonate led to maximal intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide after 24 h of treatment, but extracellular hydrogen peroxide was only detected in the culture medium when grapevine cells were treated with cyclodextrins. The results derived from the cytochemical detection of H2O2 in elicited grapevine cell cultures also suggested that the combined treatment with cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate not only increased the production of H2O2 but also released cell wall fragments with electron-dense deposits. Moreover, nitric oxide was localized in all the cellular compartments, particularly in the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles, whereas hydrogen peroxide was mainly found in cytoplasmic areas close to the cell wall, and in the nucleoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Belchí-Navarro
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Abellán Rubio
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Angeles Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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12
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Ye Z, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Cui H, Jin G, McHardy AC, Fan L, Yu X. Comparative whole-genome analysis reveals artificial selection effects on Ustilago esculenta genome. DNA Res 2018; 24:635-648. [PMID: 28992048 PMCID: PMC5726479 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsx031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ustilago esculenta, infects Zizania latifolia, and induced host stem swollen to be a popular vegetable called Jiaobai in China. It is the long-standing artificial selection that maximizes the occurrence of favourable Jiaobai, and thus maintaining the plant-fungi interaction and modulating the fungus evolving from plant pathogen to entophyte. In this study, whole genome of U. esculenta was sequenced and transcriptomes of the fungi and its host were analysed. The 20.2 Mb U. esculenta draft genome of 6,654 predicted genes including mating, primary metabolism, secreted proteins, shared a high similarity to related Smut fungi. But U. esculenta prefers RNA silencing not repeat-induced point in defence and has more introns per gene, indicating relatively slow evolution rate. The fungus also lacks some genes in amino acid biosynthesis pathway which were filled by up-regulated host genes and developed distinct amino acid response mechanism to balance the infection-resistance interaction. Besides, U. esculenta lost some surface sensors, important virulence factors and host range-related effectors to maintain the economic endophytic life. The elucidation of the U. esculenta genomic information as well as expression profiles can not only contribute to more comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanism underlying artificial selection but also into smut fungi-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihong Ye
- Department of Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Pan
- Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yafen Zhang
- Department of Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Cui
- Department of Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gulei Jin
- Department of Agronomy & Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Alice C McHardy
- Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Longjiang Fan
- Department of Agronomy & Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Roblin G, Octave S, Faucher M, Fleurat-Lessard P, Berjeaud JM. Cysteine: A multifaceted amino acid involved in signaling, plant resistance and antifungal development. Plant Physiol Biochem 2018; 129:77-89. [PMID: 29852365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Early effects induced by cysteine were monitored using the model of Mimosa pudica pulvinar cells. Rapid dose-dependent membrane depolarization (within seconds) and modification of proton secretion (within minutes) were triggered at cysteine concentrations higher than 0.1 mM. These effects did not result from a modification of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity nor from a protonophore effect as shown by assays on plasma membrane vesicles isolated from pulvinar tissues. In a 0.5-10 mM range, cysteine inhibited the ion-driven turgor-mediated seismonastic reaction of Mimosa pudica primary pulvini and the dark-induced movement of Cassia fasciculata leaflets. At concentrations higher than 1 mM, it induced a long-lasting leaflet necrosis dependent on the concentration and treatment duration. Electron microscopy showed that cysteine induced important damage in the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi of the M. pudica motor cell. Cysteine inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, from 0.5 to 20 mM, both the mycelial growth and the spore germination of the fungal pathogens Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium minimum implicated in esca disease of grapevines. Using [35S] cysteine, we showed that the amino acid was absorbed following leaf spraying, translocated from leaves to other parts of grapevine cuttings and accumulated within trunks and roots. Therefore, cysteine showed relevant properties to be a candidate able to control fungal diseases either by acting as an early signal directing plant host reaction or/and by acting directly on fungal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Roblin
- Université de Poitiers, Ecologie & Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, TSA51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Stéphane Octave
- Université de Poitiers, Ecologie & Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, TSA51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France; Current address: Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7025, Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Mireille Faucher
- Université de Poitiers, Ecologie & Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, TSA51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard
- Université de Poitiers, Ecologie & Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, TSA51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Marc Berjeaud
- Université de Poitiers, Ecologie & Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, TSA51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France.
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14
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Abstract
Priming by natural compounds is an interesting alternative for sustainable agriculture, which also contributes to explore the molecular mechanisms associated with stress tolerance. Although hosts and stress types eventually determine the mode of action of plant-priming agents, it highlights that many of them act on redox signalling. These include vitamins thiamine, riboflavin and quercetin; organic acids like pipecolic, azelaic and hexanoic; volatile organic compounds such as methyl jasmonate; cell wall components like chitosans and oligogalacturonides; H2O2, etc. This review provides data on how priming inducers promote stronger and faster responses to stress by modulating the oxidative environment, and interacting with signalling pathways mediated by salycilic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene. The histone modifications involved in priming that affect the transcription of defence-related genes are also discussed. Despite the evolutionary distance between plants and animals, and the fact that the plant innate immunity takes place in each plant cell, they show many similarities in the molecular mechanisms that underlie pathogen perception and further signalling to activate defence responses. This review highlights the similarities between priming through redox signalling in plants and in mammalian cells. The strategies used by pathogens to manipulate the host´s recognition and the further activation of defences also show similarities in both kingdoms. Moreover, phytochemicals like sulforaphane and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid prime both plant and mammalian responses by activating redox-sensitive genes. Hence research data into the priming of plant defences can provide additional information and a new viewpoint for priming mammalian defence, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen González-Bosch
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA/CSIC), Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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15
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Boubakri H, Gargouri M, Mliki A, Brini F, Chong J, Jbara M. Vitamins for enhancing plant resistance. Planta 2016; 244:529-43. [PMID: 27315123 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview on vitamins with inducing activities in plants, the molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated, and the hormonal signalling-network regulating this process. Moreover, it reports how vitamins might be part of the molecular events linked to induced resistance by the conventional elicitors. Induced resistance (IR), exploiting the plant innate-defense system is a sustainable strategy for plant disease control. In the last decade, vitamins have been proven to act as inducers of disease resistance, and these findings have received an important attention owing to their safety and cost effectiveness. Vitamins, including thiamine (TH, vitamin B1), riboflavin (RF, vitamin B2), menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB, vitamin K3), Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA, vitamin Bx), and folic acid (FA, vitamin B9) provided an efficient protection against a wide range of pathogens through the modulation of specific host-defense facets. However, other vitamins, such as ascorbic acid (AA, vitamin C) and tocopherols (vitamin E), have been shown to be a part of the molecular mechanisms associated to IR. The present review is the first to summarize what vitamins are acting as inducers of disease resistance in plants and how could they be modulated by the conventional elicitors. Thus, this report provides an overview on the protective abilities of vitamins and the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying their activities. Moreover, it describes the hormonal-signalling network regulating vitamin-signal transduction during IR. Finally, a biochemical model describing how vitamins are involved in the establishment of IR process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Boubakri
- Laboratory of Leguminous, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi-Mansour, BP.1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Julie Chong
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, 68000, Colmar, France
| | - Moez Jbara
- Laboratory of Leguminous, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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16
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Li Q, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Bo L, Wang Y, Ding Y, An L. Putrescine protects hulless barley from damage due to UV-B stress via H2S- and H2O2-mediated signaling pathways. Plant Cell Rep 2016; 35:1155-68. [PMID: 26910861 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In hulless barley, H 2 S mediated increases in H 2 O 2 induced by putrescine, and their interaction enhanced tolerance to UV-B by maintaining redox homeostasis and promoting the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. This study investigated the possible relationship between putrescence (Put), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as the underlying mechanism of their interaction in reducing UV-B induced damage. UV-B radiation increased electrolyte leakage (EL) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and UV-absorbing compounds but reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents. Exogenous application of Put, H2S or H2O2 reduced some of the above-mentioned negative effects, but were enhanced by the addition of Put, H2S and H2O2 inhibitors. Moreover, the protective effect of Put against UV-B radiation-induced damage to hulless barley was diminished by DL-propargylglycine (PAG, a H2S biosynthesis inhibitor), hydroxylamine (HT, a H2S scavenger), diphenylene iodonium (DPI, a PM-NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a ROS scavenger), and the effect of Put on H2O2 accumulation was abolished by HT. Taken together, as the downstream component of the Put signaling pathway, H2S mediated H2O2 accumulation, and H2O2 induced the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds and maintained redox homeostasis under UV-B stress, thereby increasing the tolerance of hulless barley seedlings to UV-B stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qien Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of Lhari, 18 South Renmin Road, Lhari, 852000, Nagchu, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wang
- Life Science of College, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yanning Zhao
- Department of Biology, Qinghai University, 97 Ningzhang Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shuaijun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Letao Bo
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yingfeng Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lizhe An
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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17
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Balmer A, Pastor V, Gamir J, Flors V, Mauch-Mani B. The 'prime-ome': towards a holistic approach to priming. Trends Plant Sci 2015; 20:443-52. [PMID: 25921921 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants can be primed to respond faster and more strongly to stress and multiple pathways, specific for the encountered challenge, are involved in priming. This adaptability of priming makes it difficult to pinpoint an exact mechanism: the same phenotypic observation might be the consequence of unrelated underlying events. Recently, details of the molecular aspects of establishing a primed state and its transfer to offspring have come to light. Advances in techniques for detection and quantification of elements spanning the fields of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, together with adequate bioinformatics tools, will soon allow us to take a holistic approach to plant defence. This review highlights the state of the art of new strategies to study defence priming in plants and provides perspectives towards 'prime-omics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balmer
- Université de Neuchâtel, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Pastor
- Université de Neuchâtel, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Gamir
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Victor Flors
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Brigitte Mauch-Mani
- Université de Neuchâtel, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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18
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Zhao C, Wang X, Wang X, Wu K, Li P, Chang N, Wang J, Wang F, Li J, Bi Y. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alternative oxidase are involved in the cross tolerance of highland barley to salt stress and UV-B radiation. J Plant Physiol 2015; 181:83-95. [PMID: 26009793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new mechanism involving glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and alternative pathways (AP) in salt pretreatment-induced tolerance of highland barley to UV-B radiation was investigated. When highland barley was exposed to UV-B radiation, the G6PDH activity decreased but the AP capacity increased. In contrast, under UV-B+NaCl treatment, the G6PDH activity was restored to the control level and the maximal AP capacity and antioxidant enzyme activities were reached. Glucosamine (Glucm, an inhibitor of G6PDH) obviously inhibited the G6PDH activity in highland barley under UV-B + NaCl treatment and a similar pattern was observed in reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (Asc) contents. Similarly, salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM, an inhibitor of AOX) significantly reduced the AP capacity in highland barley under UV-B + NaCl treatment. The UV-B-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation was also followed. Further studies indicated that non-functioning of G6PDH or AP under UV-B+NaCl + Glucm or UV-B + NaCl + SHAM treatment also caused damages in photosynthesis and stomatal movement. Western blot analysis confirmed that the alternative oxidase (AOX) and G6PDH were dependent each other in cross tolerance to UV-B and salt. The inhibition of AP or G6PDH activity resulted in a significant accumulation or reduction of NADPH content, respectively, under UV-B+NaCl treatment in highland barley leaves. Taken together, our results indicate that AP and G6PDH mutually regulate and maintain photosynthesis and stomata movement in the cross adaptation of highland barley seedlings to UV-B and salt by modulating redox homeostasis and NADPH content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhou Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunlun Wu
- Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaolong Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yurong Bi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Lehmann S, Serrano M, L'Haridon F, Tjamos SE, Metraux JP. Reactive oxygen species and plant resistance to fungal pathogens. Phytochemistry 2015; 112:54-62. [PMID: 25264341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been studied for their role in plant development as well as in plant immunity. ROS were consistently observed to accumulate in the plant after the perception of pathogens and microbes and over the years, ROS were postulated to be an integral part of the defence response of the plant. In this article we will focus on recent findings about ROS involved in the interaction of plants with pathogenic fungi. We will describe the ways to detect ROS, their modes of action and their importance in relation to resistance to fungal pathogens. In addition we include some results from works focussing on the fungal interactor and from studies investigating roots during pathogen attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Lehmann
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Mario Serrano
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Floriane L'Haridon
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Sotirios E Tjamos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece.
| | - Jean-Pierre Metraux
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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20
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Gamir J, Sánchez-Bel P, Flors V. Molecular and physiological stages of priming: how plants prepare for environmental challenges. Plant Cell Rep 2014; 33:1935-49. [PMID: 25113544 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile organisms, plants must respond to various challenges in the environment. The priming process consists of three clear stages. The first stage includes all the cellular changes in the absence of the challenge so-called pre-challenge priming stage. These changes are expected to be rather subtle, affecting the preparation of the plant to properly manage subsequent responses to pathogens with no major fitness costs. Most of the research that has been conducted at this stage has been dedicated to the study of changes in gene expression and protein phosphorylation. However, the metabolic changes that occur during the pre-challenge priming stage are poorly understood. The second stage affects the early to late stages of the defence response, which occurs after the interaction with a pathogen has been established. Most studies involving priming are dedicated to the molecular events that take place during this stage. Most studies have shown that defence priming is strongly hormonally regulated; however, there is also evidence of the involvement of phenolic derivative compounds and many other secondary metabolites, leading to stronger and faster plant responses. The third priming phase ranges from long lasting defence priming to trans-generational acquired resistance. Long-term metabolic transitions, that occur in the offspring of primed plants, remain to be elucidated. Here we review existing information in the literature that relates to the metabolic changes that occur during all three defence priming stages and highlight the metabolic transitions that are associated with the stimulation of priming and the characteristics of the pathogens whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gamir
- Metabolic Integration and Cell Signaling Group, Plant Physiology Section, Department of CAMN, Universitat Jaume I, Avd Vicente Sos Baynat, 12071, Castellón, Spain
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