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Nobile C, Cozzoli PD. Synthetic Approaches to Colloidal Nanocrystal Heterostructures Based on Metal and Metal-Oxide Materials. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101729. [PMID: 35630951 PMCID: PMC9147683 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Composite inorganic nanoarchitectures, based on combinations of distinct materials, represent advanced solid-state constructs, where coexistence and synergistic interactions among nonhomologous optical, magnetic, chemical, and catalytic properties lay a basis for the engineering of enhanced or even unconventional functionalities. Such systems thus hold relevance for both theoretical and applied nanotechnology-based research in diverse areas, spanning optics, electronics, energy management, (photo)catalysis, biomedicine, and environmental remediation. Wet-chemical colloidal synthetic techniques have now been refined to the point of allowing the fabrication of solution free-standing and easily processable multicomponent nanocrystals with sophisticated modular heterostructure, built upon a programmed spatial distribution of the crystal phase, composition, and anchored surface moieties. Such last-generation breeds of nanocrystals are thus composed of nanoscale domains of different materials, assembled controllably into core/shell or heteromer-type configurations through bonding epitaxial heterojunctions. This review offers a critical overview of achievements made in the design and synthetic elaboration of colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures based on diverse associations of transition metals (with emphasis on plasmonic metals) and transition-metal oxides. Synthetic strategies, all leveraging on the basic seed-mediated approach, are described and discussed with reference to the most credited mechanisms underpinning regioselective heteroepitaxial deposition. The unique properties and advanced applications allowed by such brand-new nanomaterials are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Nobile
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology, UOS di Lecce, c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Pantaleo Davide Cozzoli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- UdR INSTM di Lecce, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Amino-Functionalized Fe 3O 4@SiO 2 Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Dye Adsorption. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092371. [PMID: 34578686 PMCID: PMC8470247 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized with the co-precipitation method and functionalized with NH2 amino-groups. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray, FT-IR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The magnetic core of all the nanoparticles was shown to be nanocrystalline with the crystal parameters corresponding only to the Fe3O4 phase covered with a homogeneous amorphous silica (SiO2) shell of about 6 nm in thickness. The FT-IR spectra confirmed the appearance of chemical bonds at amino functionalization. The magnetic measurements revealed unusually high saturation magnetization of the initial Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which was presumably associated with the deviations in the Fe ion distribution between the tetrahedral and octahedral positions in the nanocrystals as compared to the bulk stoichiometric magnetite. The fluorescent spectrum of eosin Y-doped NPs dispersed in water solution was obtained and a red shift and line broadening (in comparison with the dye molecules being free in water) were revealed and explained. Most attention was paid to the adsorption properties of the nanoparticles with respect to three dyes: methylene blue, Congo red, and eosin Y. The kinetic data showed that the adsorption processes were associated with the pseudo-second order mechanism for all three dyes. The equilibrium data were more compatible with the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was reached for Congo red.
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Sam M, Dekamin MG, Alirezvani Z. Dendrons containing boric acid and 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate covalently attached to silica-coated magnetite for the expeditious synthesis of Hantzsch esters. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2399. [PMID: 33504833 PMCID: PMC7840758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A new multifunctional dendritic nanocatalyst containing boric acid and 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate covalently attached to core-shell silica-coated magnetite (Fe3O4@SiO2@PTS-THEIC-(CH2)3OB(OH)2) was designed and properly characterized by different spectroscopic or microscopic methods as well as analytical techniques used for mesoporous materials. It was found that the combination of both aromatic π-π stacking and boron-oxygen ligand interactions affords supramolecular arrays of dendrons. Furthermore, the use of boric acid makes this dendritic catalyst a good choice, from corrosion, recyclability and cost points of view. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4@SiO2@PTS-THEIC-(CH2)3OB(OH)2, as an efficient magnetically recoverable catalyst, was investigated for the synthesis of polyhydroacridines (PHAs) as well as polyhydroquinolines (PHQs) via one-pot multicomponent reactions of dimedone and/or ethyl acetoacetate, different aldehydes and ammonium acetate in EtOH under reflux conditions. Very low loading of the catalyst, high to quantitative yields of the desired PHAs or PHQs products, short reaction times, wide scope of the substrates, eliminating any toxic heavy metals or corrosive reagents for the modification of the catalyst, and simple work-up procedure are remarkable advantages of this green protocol. An additional advantage of this magnetic nanoparticles catalyst is its ability to be separated and recycled easily from the reaction mixture with minimal efforts in six subsequent runs without significant loss of its catalytic activity. This magnetic and dendritic catalyst can be extended to new two- and three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sam
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 1684613114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad G Dekamin
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 1684613114, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Alirezvani
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 1684613114, Tehran, Iran
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Renaissance of Stöber method for synthesis of colloidal particles: New developments and opportunities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 584:838-865. [PMID: 33127050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal silica particles have received a widespread interest because of their potential applications in adsorption, ceramics, catalysis, drug delivery and more. Among many approaches towards fabrication of these colloidal particles, Stöber, Fink and Bohn (SFB) method, known as Stöber synthesis is an effective sol-gel strategy for production of uniform, monodispersed silica particles with highly tailorable size and surface properties. This review, after a brief introduction showing the importance of colloidal chemistry, is focused on the Stöber synthesis of silica spheres including discussion of the key factors affecting their particle size, porosity and surface properties. Next, further developments of this method are presented toward fabrication of polymer, carbon, and composite spheres.
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Khan A, Khan TH, Ahamed M, El-Toni AM, Aldalbahi A, Alam J, Ahamad T. Temperature-Responsive Polymer Microgel-Gold Nanorods Composite Particles: Physicochemical Characterization and Cytocompatibility. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E99. [PMID: 30966134 PMCID: PMC6414914 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report an easy route for preparing new metal nanorod-polymer composites consisting of gold nanorods, Au NRs, and temperature responsive copolymer "microgel" particles. The microgel particles of ~200 nm in size, which contain carboxylic acid groups, were prepared by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of a selected mixture made of N-isopropylacylamide and acrylic acid in the presence of a cross-linker N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide. The electrostatic interactions between the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) stabilized Au NRs and anionic microgel particles were expected to occur in order to prepare stable Au NRs-microgel composite particles. The optical and structural characterization of the composite was achieved using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). TEM image shows that Au NRs are attached on the surface of the microgel particles. Dynamic light scattering measurements prove that the composite particles are temperature responsive, which means the particles undergo a decrease in size as the temperature increases above its phase transition temperature. In vitro cytotoxicity of the composite materials were tested by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and hemolysis assay, which showed non-toxicity (biocompatibility).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslam Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.M.E.-T.); (A.A.); (J.A.)
| | - Tajdar Husain Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.M.E.-T.); (A.A.); (J.A.)
| | - Ahmed Mohamed El-Toni
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.M.E.-T.); (A.A.); (J.A.)
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, CMRDI, Helwan 11421, Egypt
| | - Ali Aldalbahi
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.M.E.-T.); (A.A.); (J.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Javed Alam
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (A.M.E.-T.); (A.A.); (J.A.)
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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PENG H, GAO Q, MENG L, ZHANG L, PANG Q, LIANG L. Sol-gel method and optical properties of Ca12Al14O32F2:Eu3+ red phosphors. J RARE EARTH 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(14)60507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Wu WC, Tracy JB. Large-Scale Silica Overcoating of Gold Nanorods with Tunable Shell Thicknesses. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2015; 27:2888-2894. [PMID: 26146454 PMCID: PMC4486371 DOI: 10.1021/cm504764v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) overcoated with SiO2 are of interest for enhancing the shape stability of GNRs during photo-thermal heating, for further functionalization with silanes, and for biomedical applications. While methods have recently been developed for synthesizing GNRs on a large scale, SiO2 overcoating of GNRs is still conducted on a small reaction scale. Here, we report a method for large-scale synthesis of SiO2-overcoated GNRs (SiO2-GNRs), which gives ~190 mg of SiO2-GNRs. SiO2 is deposited onto and encapsulates the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coatings that stabilize GNRs by adding tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) via syringe pump. Control over the CTAB concentration is critically important for obtaining uniform overcoatings. Optical absorbance spectra of SiO2-GNRs closely resemble uncoated GNRs, which indicates overcoating of single rather than multiple GNRs and confirms that they remain well dispersed. By adjusting the reaction conditions, shells as thick as ~20 nm can be obtained. For thin shells (< 10 nm), addition of poly(ethylene glycol) silane (PEG-silane) at different times during the overcoating reaction allows facile control over the shell thickness, giving shells as thin as ~2 nm. The bulky PEG chain terminates further crosslinking and deposition of SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Wu
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Joseph B. Tracy
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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9
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Liang S, Zhao Y, Xu S, Wu X, Chen J, Wu M, Zhao JX. A silica-gold-silica nanocomposite for photothermal therapy in the near-infrared region. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:85-93. [PMID: 25470187 DOI: 10.1021/am507644b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The focus of this work was to study the photothermal effect of a silica-gold-silica nanocomposite in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The NIR region is considered a biological window because living cells and tissues have low light scattering and adsorption in this region. Both a laser source and a tungsten lamp source were used in this study. The critical parameters for photothermal efficiency, including nancomposite concentration and irradiation time, were evaluated. The penetration of the nanocomposites into mammalian cells was also investigated. With laser irradiation, the nanocomposite showed a significant photothermal effect in the NIR region. The maximal temperature that the nanocomposites could reach was 51.9 °C. Vybrant assays showed that 5 min of laser irradiation along with the nanocomposite caused target cell death through both apoptosis (59%) and necrosis (31%), while controls showed minimal effects. The nanocomposite may be a potential light-absorbing agent for NIR fluorescence-guided photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liang
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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10
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Synthesis, characterization and biomedical application of multifunctional luminomagnetic core–shell nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 46:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Kim J, Yun JM, Jung J, Song H, Kim JB, Ihee H. Anti-counterfeit nanoscale fingerprints based on randomly distributed nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:155303. [PMID: 24651153 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/15/155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Counterfeiting is conducted in almost every industry, and the losses caused by it are growing as today's world trade continues to increase. In an attempt to provide an efficient method to fight such counterfeiting, we herein demonstrate anti-counterfeit nanoscale fingerprints generated by randomly distributed nanowires. Specifically, we prepare silver nanowires coated with fluorescent dyes and cast them onto the surface of transparent PET film. The resulting non-repeatable patterns characterized by the random location of the nanowires and their fluorescent colors provide unique barcodes suitable for anti-counterfeit purposes. Counterfeiting such a fingerprint pattern is impractical and expensive; the cost of replicating it would be higher than the value of the typical target item being protected. Fingerprint patterns can be visually authenticated in a simple and straightforward manner by using an optical microscope. The concept of generating unique patterns by randomness is not limited to the materials shown in this paper and should be readily applicable to other types of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangbae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kini GC, Yu J, Wang L, Kan AT, Biswal SL, Tour JM, Tomson MB, Wong MS. Salt- and temperature-stable quantum dot nanoparticles for porous media flow. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Issa B, Obaidat IM, Albiss BA, Haik Y. Magnetic nanoparticles: surface effects and properties related to biomedicine applications. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21266-305. [PMID: 24232575 PMCID: PMC3856004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to finite size effects, such as the high surface-to-volume ratio and different crystal structures, magnetic nanoparticles are found to exhibit interesting and considerably different magnetic properties than those found in their corresponding bulk materials. These nanoparticles can be synthesized in several ways (e.g., chemical and physical) with controllable sizes enabling their comparison to biological organisms from cells (10–100 μm), viruses, genes, down to proteins (3–50 nm). The optimization of the nanoparticles’ size, size distribution, agglomeration, coating, and shapes along with their unique magnetic properties prompted the application of nanoparticles of this type in diverse fields. Biomedicine is one of these fields where intensive research is currently being conducted. In this review, we will discuss the magnetic properties of nanoparticles which are directly related to their applications in biomedicine. We will focus mainly on surface effects and ferrite nanoparticles, and on one diagnostic application of magnetic nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Issa
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, UAE; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +971-3-713-6316; Fax: +971-3-713-6944
| | - Ihab M. Obaidat
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, UAE; E-Mail:
| | - Borhan A. Albiss
- Superconductivity & Magnetic Measurements Laboratory, Physics Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; E-Mail:
| | - Yousef Haik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, UAE; E-Mail:
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nanobioscience 203, Eberhart Building University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
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Liu W, Zhu Z, Deng K, Li Z, Zhou Y, Qiu H, Gao Y, Che S, Tang Z. Gold Nanorod@Chiral Mesoporous Silica Core–shell Nanoparticles with Unique Optical Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9659-64. [DOI: 10.1021/ja312327m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhening Zhu
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Ke Deng
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhengtao Li
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Zhou
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Shunai Che
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- Laboratory
of Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
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Abstract
Nanomedicine, the use of nanotechnology for biomedical applications, has potential to change the landscape of the diagnosis and therapy of many diseases. In the past several decades, the advancement in nanotechnology and material science has resulted in a large number of organic and inorganic nanomedicine platforms. Silica nanoparticles (NPs), which exhibit many unique properties, offer a promising drug delivery platform to realize the potential of nanomedicine. Mesoporous silica NPs have been extensively reviewed previously. Here we review the current state of the development and application of nonporous silica NPs for drug delivery and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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Gold-Coated Iron Composite Nanospheres Targeted the Detection of Escherichia coli. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:6223-40. [PMID: 23507756 PMCID: PMC3634437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14036223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the preparation and characterization of spherical core-shell structured Fe3O4-Au magnetic nanoparticles, modified with two component self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) consisting of 3-mercaptophenylboronic acid (3-MBA) and 1-decanethiol (1-DT). The rapid and room temperature synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles was achieved using the hydroxylamine reduction of HAuCl4 on the surface of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-immobilized iron (magnetite Fe3O4) nanoparticles in the presence of an aqueous solution of hexadecyltrimetylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a dispersant. The reduction of gold on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibits a uniform, highly stable, and narrow particle size distribution of Fe3O4-Au nanoparticles with an average diameter of 9 ± 2 nm. The saturation magnetization value for the resulting nanoparticles was found to be 15 emu/g at 298 K. Subsequent surface modification with SAMs against glucoside moieties on the surface of bacteria provided effective magnetic separation. Comparison of the bacteria capturing efficiency, by means of different molecular recognition agents 3-MBA, 1-DT and the mixed monolayer of 3-MBA and 1-DT was presented. The best capturing efficiency of E. coli was achieved with the mixed monolayer of 3-MBA and 1-DT-modified nanoparticles. Molecular specificity and selectivity were also demonstrated by comparing the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum of E. coli-nanoparticle conjugates with bacterial growth media.
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Liu J, He W, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Zhu J, Yuan L, Chen H, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Bifunctional nanoparticles with fluorescence and magnetism via surface-initiated AGET ATRP mediated by an iron catalyst. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:12684-12692. [PMID: 21882878 DOI: 10.1021/la202749v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent/magnetic nanoparticles are of interest in many applications in biotechnology and nanomedicine for its living detection. In this study, a novel method of surface modification of nanoparticles was first used to modify a fluorescent monomer on the surfaces of magnetic nanoparticles directly. This was achieved via iron(III)-mediated atom-transfer radical polymerization with activators generated by electron transfer (AGET ATRP). Fluorescent monomer 9-(4-vinylbenzyl)-9H-carbazole (VBK) was synthesized and was grafted from magnetic nanoparticles (ferroferric oxide) via AGET ATRP using FeCl(3)·6H(2)O as the catalyst, tris(3,6-dioxaheptyl)amine (TDA-1) as the ligand, and ascorbic acid (AsAc) as the reducing agent. The initiator for ATRP was modified on magnetic nanoparticles with the reported method: ligand exchange with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and then esterification with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide. After polymerization, a well-defined nanocomposite (Fe(3)O(4)@PVBK) was yielded with a magnetic core and a fluorescent shell (PVBK). Subsequently, well-dispersed bifunctional nanoparticles (Fe(3)O(4)@PVBK-b-P(PEGMA)) in water were obtained via consecutive AGET ATRP of hydrophilic monomer poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA). The chemical composition of the magnetic nanoparticles' surface at different surface modification stages was investigated with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The magnetic and fluorescent properties were validated with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and a fluorophotometer. The Fe(3)O(4)@PVBK-b-P(PEGMA) nanoparticles showed an effective imaging ability in enhancing the negative contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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18
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Lapresta-Fernández A, Doussineau T, Dutz S, Steiniger F, Moro AJ, Mohr GJ. Magnetic and fluorescent core-shell nanoparticles for ratiometric pH sensing. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:415501. [PMID: 21926455 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/41/415501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the preparation of nanoparticles composed of a magnetic core surrounded by two successive silica shells embedding two fluorophores, showing uniform nanoparticle size (50-60 nm in diameter) and shape, which allow ratiometric pH measurements in the pH range 5-8. Uncoated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (∼10 nm in diameter) were formed by the coprecipitation reaction of ferrous and ferric salts. Then, they were added to a water-in-oil microemulsion where the hydrophilic silica shells were obtained through hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethoxyorthosilicate together with the corresponding silylated dye derivatives-a sulforhodamine was embedded in the inner silica shell and used as the reference dye while a pH-sensitive fluorescein was incorporated in the outer shell as the pH indicator. The magnetic nanoparticles were characterized using vibrating sample magnetometry, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The relationship between the analytical parameter, that is, the ratio of fluorescence between the sensing and reference dyes versus the pH was adjusted to a sigmoidal fit using a Boltzmann type equation giving an apparent pK(a) value of 6.8. The fluorescence intensity of the reference dye did not change significantly (∼3.0%) on modifying the pH of the nanoparticle dispersion. Finally, the proposed method was statistically validated against a reference procedure using samples of water and physiological buffer with 2% of horse serum, indicating that there are no significant statistical differences at a 95% confidence level.
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Yang H, Lou C, Xu M, Wu C, Miyoshi H, Liu Y. Investigation of folate-conjugated fluorescent silica nanoparticles for targeting delivery to folate receptor-positive tumors and their internalization mechanism. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2023-32. [PMID: 21976977 PMCID: PMC3181061 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as ideal tools for gene/drug delivery, bioimaging, labeling, or intracellular tracking in biomedical applications, and have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique advantages. In this study, fluorescent silica NPs were synthesized by a modified Stöber method using conjugates of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) and maleimide-fluorescein isothiocyanate (maleimide-FITC). Mean diameters of the NPs were controlled between 212–2111 nm by regulating MPS concentration in the reaction mixture. Maleimide-FITC molecules were doped into NPs or conjugated to the surface of NPs through the chemical reaction of maleimide and thiol groups. The data showed that the former NPs are better than the latter by comparing their fluorescence intensity. Furthermore, folate molecules were linked to the FITC-doped silica NPs by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) (NH2-PEG-maleimide) as a spacer, thus forming folate receptor targeting fluorescent NPs, referred to as NPs(FITC)-PEG-Folate. The quantitative analysis of cellular internalization into different cancer cells showed that the delivery efficiency of KB cells (folate receptor-positive cells) is more than six-fold higher than that of A549 cells (folate receptor-negative cells). The delivery efficiency of KB cells decreased significantly after free folate addition to the cell culture medium because the folate receptors were occupied by the free folate. The NPs endocytosis mechanism was also investigated. It was shown that clathrin, an inhibitor of cell phagocytosis, markedly decreased the NPs uptake into KB cells, suggesting that it plays an important role in NPs cellular internalization. These results demonstrated that the novel particles of NPs(FITC)-PEG-Folate are promising for fluorescent imaging or targeting delivery to folate receptor-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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20
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Soenen SJ, Velde GV, Ketkar-Atre A, Himmelreich U, De Cuyper M. Magnetoliposomes as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 3:197-211. [PMID: 25363747 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Among the wide variety in iron oxide nanoparticles which are routinely used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, magnetoliposomes (MLs) take up a special place. In the present work, the two main types (large and small MLs) are defined and their specific features are commented. For both types of MLs, the flexibility of the lipid coating allows for efficient functionalization, enabling bimodal imaging (e.g., MRI and fluorescence) or the use of MLs as theranostics. These features are especially true for large MLs, where several magnetite cores are encapsulated within a single large liposome, which were found to be highly efficient theranostic agents. By carefully fine-tuning the number of magnetite cores and attaching Gd(3+) -complexes onto the liposomal surface, the large MLs can be efficiently optimized for dynamic MRI. A special type of MLs, biogenic MLs, can also be efficiently used in this regard, with potential applications in cancer treatment and imaging. Small MLs, where the lipid bilayer is immediately attached onto a solid magnetite core, give a very high r2 /r1 ratio. The flexibility of the lipid bilayer allows the incorporation of poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid conjugates to increase blood circulation times and be used as bone marrow contrast agents. Cationic lipids can also be incorporated, leading to high cell uptake and associated strong contrast generation in MRI of implanted cells. Unique for these small MLs is the high resistance the particles exhibit against intracellular degradation compared with dextran- or citrate-coated particles. Additionally, intracellular clustering of the iron oxide cores enhances negative contrast generation and enables longer tracking of labeled cells in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan J Soenen
- Lab of BioNanoColloids, KULeuven Campus Kortrijk, IRC Etienne Sabbelaan, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Biomedical NMR Unit/MoSAIC, KULeuven Campus Gasthuisberg, University Medical Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ashwini Ketkar-Atre
- Biomedical NMR Unit/MoSAIC, KULeuven Campus Gasthuisberg, University Medical Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical NMR Unit/MoSAIC, KULeuven Campus Gasthuisberg, University Medical Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel De Cuyper
- Lab of BioNanoColloids, KULeuven Campus Kortrijk, IRC Etienne Sabbelaan, Kortrijk, Belgium
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Huang C, Neoh KG, Kang ET, Shuter B. Surface modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for high efficiency folate-receptor targeting with low uptake by macrophages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11270h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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22
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Kundu P, Anumol EA, Nethravathi C, Ravishankar N. Existing and emerging strategies for the synthesis of nanoscale heterostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:19256-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Kačenka M, Kaman O, Kotek J, Falteisek L, Černý J, Jirák D, Herynek V, Zacharovová K, Berková Z, Jendelová P, Kupčík J, Pollert E, Veverka P, Lukeš I. Dual imaging probes for magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence microscopy based on perovskite manganite nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01258k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Xu L, Kuang H, Wang L, Xu C. Gold nanorod ensembles as artificial molecules for applications in sensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11905b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Mistlberger G, Klimant I. Luminescent magnetic particles: structures, syntheses, multimodal imaging, and analytical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12566-010-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Pan X, Ju J, Zhan Y, Wu D. Preparation and Fluorescence Characteristics of Amido-Functionalized Dual-Fluorescent Microspheres with Core/Shell Structure. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Soenen SJH, De Cuyper M. Assessing iron oxide nanoparticle toxicity in vitro: current status and future prospects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:1261-75. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro labeling of stem or therapeutic cells with engineered nanoparticles with the aim of transplanting these cells into live animals and, for example, noninvasively monitoring their migration, is a hot topic in nanomedicine research. It is of crucial importance that cell–nanoparticle interactions are studied in depth in order to exclude any negative effects of the cell labeling procedure. To date, many disparate results can be found in the literature regarding nanoparticle toxicity due to the great versatility of different parameters investigated. In the present work, an overview is presented of different types of nanomaterials, focusing mostly on iron oxide nanoparticles, developed for biomedical research. The difficulties in assessing nanoparticle-mediated toxicity are discussed, an overview of some of the problems encountered using commercial (dextran-coated) iron oxide nanoparticles is presented, several key parameters are highlighted and novel methods suggested – emphasizing the importance of intracellular nanoparticle degradation and linking toxicity data to functional (i.e., cell-associated) nanoparticle levels, which could help to advance any progress in this highly important research topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan JH Soenen
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Laboratory of BioNanoColloids, K.U. Leuven – Campus Kortrijk, E. Sabbelaan 53, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of General Biochemistry & Physical Pharmacy, University of Gent, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Louie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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29
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Chen YS, Frey W, Kim S, Homan K, Kruizinga P, Sokolov K, Emelianov S. Enhanced thermal stability of silica-coated gold nanorods for photoacoustic imaging and image-guided therapy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:8867-78. [PMID: 20588732 PMCID: PMC3404861 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.008867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal stability and, therefore, consistency of both optical absorption and photoacoustic response of the plasmonic nanoabsorbers is critical for successful photoacoustic image-guided photothermal therapy. In this study, silica-coated gold nanorods were developed as a multifunctional molecular imaging and therapeutic agent suitable for image-guided photothermal therapy. The optical properties and photothermal stability of silica-coated gold nanorods under intense irradiation with nanosecond laser pulses were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Silica-coated gold nanorods showed increased photothermal stability and retained their superior optical properties under much higher fluences. The changes in photoacoustic response of PEGylated and silica-coated nanorods under laser pulses of various fluences were compared. The silica-coated gold nanorods provide a stable photoacoustic signal, which implies better imaging capabilities and make silica-coated gold nanorods a promising imaging and therapeutic nano-agent for photoacoustic imaging and image-guided photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sheng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
| | - Seungsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
| | - Kimberly Homan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
| | - Pieter Kruizinga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
| | - Konstantin Sokolov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
| | - Stanislav Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712,
USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
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30
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Rasch MR, Sokolov KV, Korgel BA. Limitations on the optical tunability of small diameter gold nanoshells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11777-85. [PMID: 19711913 PMCID: PMC2768335 DOI: 10.1021/la901249j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Gold (Au) nanoshells were grown on silica nanoparticles with differing average diameters, ranging from 30 to 120 nm. Au nanoshells were also formed on silica spheres encapsulating 5 nm diameter magnetic iron oxide nanocrystals. The optical absorbance spectra of these Au nanoshells are reported. The plasmon resonance wavelengths of the smaller diameter nanoshells were significantly less tunable than those of the larger diameter nanoshells. This is due to a reduced range of accessible core-shell ratio, the geometric factor that determines the plasmon peak position, as the silica core diameter shrinks. The smaller diameter nanoshells were also found to be highly prone to aggregation, which broadens the plasmon absorption peak. Model calculations of dispersion stability as a function of silica core diameter reveal that smaller diameter Au shells exhibit more aggregation because of the size-dependence of the electrostatic double-layer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Rasch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano and, Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Konstantin V. Sokolov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Brian A. Korgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano and, Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
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31
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Magnetic particle-based hybrid platforms for bioanalytical sensors. SENSORS 2009; 9:2976-99. [PMID: 22574058 PMCID: PMC3348820 DOI: 10.3390/s90402976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomagnetic nano and microparticles platforms have attracted considerable interest in the field of biological sensors due to their interesting physico-chemical properties, high specific surface area, good mechanical stability and opportunities for generating magneto-switchable devices. This review discusses recent advances in the development and characterization of active biomagnetic nanoassemblies, their interaction with biological molecules and their use in bioanalytical sensors.
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32
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Ren C, Li J, Liu Q, Ren J, Chen X, Hu Z, Xue D. Synthesis of Organic Dye-Impregnated Silica Shell-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by a New Method. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2008; 3:496-501. [PMID: 20596479 PMCID: PMC2893840 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-008-9186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new method for preparing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated by organic dye-doped silica shell was developed in this article. Iron oxide nanoparticles were first coated with dye-impregnated silica shell by the hydrolysis of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HTMOS) which produced a hydrophobic core for the entrapment of organic dye molecules. Then, the particles were coated with a hydrophilic shell by the hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), which enabled water dispersal of the resulting nanoparticles. The final product was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and vibration sample magnetometer. All the characterization results proved the final samples possessed magnetic and fluorescent properties simultaneously. And this new multifunctional nanomaterial possessed high photostability and minimal dye leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhide Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Desheng Xue
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Gole A, Agarwal N, Nagaria P, Wyatt MD, Murphy CJ. One-pot synthesis of silica-coated magnetic plasmonic tracer nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:6140-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b814915a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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