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Zha L, Matsu-ura T, Sluka JP, Murakawa T, Tsuta K. Morphological basis of the lung adenocarcinoma subtypes. iScience 2024; 27:109742. [PMID: 38706836 PMCID: PMC11066476 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which accounts for a large proportion of lung cancers, is divided into five major subtypes based on histologic characteristics. The clinical characteristics, prognosis, and responses to treatments vary among subtypes. Here, we demonstrate that the variations of cell-cell contact energy result in the LUAD subtype-specific morphogenesis. We reproduced the morphologies of the papillary LUAD subtypes with the cellular Potts Model (CPM). Simulations and experimental validations revealed modifications of cell-cell contact energy changed the morphology from a papillary-like structure to micropapillary or solid subtype-like structures. Remarkably, differential gene expression analysis revealed subtype-specific expressions of genes relating to cell adhesion. Knockdown experiments of the micropapillary upregulated ITGA11 gene resulted in the morphological changes of the spheroids produced from an LUAD cell line PC9. This work shows the consequences of gene mutations and gene expressions on patient prognosis through differences in tissue composing physical forces among LUAD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Zha
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0033, Japan
| | - Toru Matsu-ura
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0033, Japan
| | - James P. Sluka
- Biocomplexity Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, USA
| | - Tomohiro Murakawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuta
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0033, Japan
- Biocomplexity Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, USA
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2
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Sharma MP, Shukla S, Misra G. Recent advances in breast cancer cell line research. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1683-1693. [PMID: 38230499 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a formidable global health challenge, needs continuous translational research to understand the complexity of mechanisms and improve therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Breast cancer cell lines are of paramount importance as they significantly contribute to the initial stage of research to understand cancer biology. This review provides insights into targeted therapies and immunotherapies that have emerged using in vitro models and microbiome analysis. It focuses on therapeutic development using cell lines and the limitations of tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment. We explore the evolving landscape of breast cancer cell lines from two-dimensional (2-D) cultures to patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models advancing both fundamental and translational research. Patient-derived xenografts, cell line-derived xenografts (CDX), three-dimensional (3-D) cultures, organoids, and circulating tumor cells (CTC) models provide promising alternatives that capture the intricacies of the tumor microenvironment. This review bridges the gap between traditional cell lines and newer developments exploring the therapeutic and diagnostic advancements and needs for cell lines to expedite the progress in breast cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manika P Sharma
- Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Noida, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Supriya Shukla
- Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Noida, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Gauri Misra
- Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare), Noida, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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3
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Giannakakis A, Tsifintaris M, Gouzouasis V, Ow GS, Aau MY, Papp C, Ivshina AV, Kuznetsov VA. KDM7A-DT induces genotoxic stress, tumorigenesis, and progression of p53 missense mutation-associated invasive breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1227151. [PMID: 38756663 PMCID: PMC11097164 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1227151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced promoter-associated and antisense lncRNAs (si-paancRNAs) originate from a reservoir of oxidative stress (OS)-specific promoters via RNAPII pausing-mediated divergent antisense transcription. Several studies have shown that the KDM7A divergent transcript gene (KDM7A-DT), which encodes a si-paancRNA, is overexpressed in some cancer types. However, the mechanisms of this overexpression and its corresponding roles in oncogenesis and cancer progression are poorly understood. We found that KDM7A-DT expression is correlated with highly aggressive cancer types and specific inherently determined subtypes (such as ductal invasive breast carcinoma (BRCA) basal subtype). Its regulation is determined by missense TP53 mutations in a subtype-specific context. KDM7A-DT transcribes several intermediate-sized ncRNAs and a full-length transcript, exhibiting distinct expression and localization patterns. Overexpression of KDM7A-DT upregulates TP53 protein expression and H2AX phosphorylation in nonmalignant fibroblasts, while in semi-transformed fibroblasts, OS superinduces KDM7A-DT expression in a TP53-dependent manner. KDM7A-DT knockdown and gene expression profiling in TP53-missense mutated luminal A BRCA variant, where it is abundantly expressed, indicate its significant role in cancer pathways. Endogenous over-expression of KDM7A-DT inhibits DNA damage response/repair (DDR/R) via the TP53BP1-mediated pathway, reducing apoptosis and promoting G2/M checkpoint arrest. Higher KDM7A-DT expression in BRCA is associated with KDM7A-DT locus gain/amplification, higher histologic grade, aneuploidy, hypoxia, immune modulation scores, and activation of the c-myc pathway. Higher KDM7A-DT expression is associated with relatively poor survival outcomes in patients with luminal A or Basal subtypes. In contrast, it is associated with favorable outcomes in patients with HER2+ER- or luminal B subtypes. KDM7A-DT levels are coregulated with critical transcripts and proteins aberrantly expressed in BRCA, including those involved in DNA repair via non-homologous end joining and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathway. In summary, KDM7A-DT and its si-lncRNA exhibit several intrinsic biological and clinical characteristics that suggest important roles in invasive BRCA and its subtypes. KDM7A-DT-defined mRNA and protein subnetworks offer resources for identifying clinically relevant RNA-based signatures and prospective targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Giannakakis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- University Research Institute for the Study of Genetic & Malignant Disorders in Childhood, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Margaritis Tsifintaris
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vasileios Gouzouasis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ghim Siong Ow
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Yee Aau
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Csaba Papp
- Department of Urology, The State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Anna V. Ivshina
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vladimir A. Kuznetsov
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Urology, The State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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4
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Lewis MT, Caldas C. The Power and Promise of Patient-Derived Xenografts of Human Breast Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041329. [PMID: 38052483 PMCID: PMC10982691 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2016, a group of researchers engaged in the development of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of human breast cancer provided a comprehensive review of the state of the field. In that review, they summarized the clinical problem that PDXs might address, the technical approaches to their generation (including a discussion of host animals and transplant conditions tested), and presented transplantation success (take) rates across groups and across transplantation conditions. At the time, there were just over 500 unique PDX models created by these investigators representing all three clinically defined subtypes (ER+, HER2+, and TNBC). Today, many of these PDX resources have at least doubled in size, and several more PDX development groups now exist, such that there may be well upward of 1000 PDX models of human breast cancer in existence worldwide. They also presented a series of open questions for the field. Many of these questions have been addressed. However, several remain open, or only partially addressed. Herein, we revisit these questions, and recount the progress that has been made in a number of areas with respect to generation, characterization, and use of PDXs in translational research, and re-present questions that remain open. These open questions, and others, are now being addressed not only by individual investigators, but also large, well-funded consortia including the PDXNet program of the National Cancer Institute in the United States, and the EuroPDX Consortium, an organization of PDX developers across Europe. Finally, we discuss the new opportunities in PDX-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Lewis
- Baylor College of Medicine, The Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
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5
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Guo L, Li C, Gong W. Toward reproducible tumor organoid culture: focusing on primary liver cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1290504. [PMID: 38571961 PMCID: PMC10987700 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1290504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids present substantial potential for pushing forward preclinical research and personalized medicine by accurately recapitulating tissue and tumor heterogeneity in vitro. However, the lack of standardized protocols for cancer organoid culture has hindered reproducibility. This paper comprehensively reviews the current challenges associated with cancer organoid culture and highlights recent multidisciplinary advancements in the field with a specific focus on standardizing liver cancer organoid culture. We discuss the non-standardized aspects, including tissue sources, processing techniques, medium formulations, and matrix materials, that contribute to technical variability. Furthermore, we emphasize the need to establish reproducible platforms that accurately preserve the genetic, proteomic, morphological, and pharmacotypic features of the parent tumor. At the end of each section, our focus shifts to organoid culture standardization in primary liver cancer. By addressing these challenges, we can enhance the reproducibility and clinical translation of cancer organoid systems, enabling their potential applications in precision medicine, drug screening, and preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiqiang Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
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6
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Nair R, Paul P, Maji I, Gupta U, Mahajan S, Aalhate M, Guru SK, Singh PK. Exploring the current landscape of chitosan-based hybrid nanoplatforms as cancer theragnostic. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121644. [PMID: 38142105 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, investigators have put significant efforts to develop several diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against cancer. Many novel nanoplatforms, including lipidic, metallic, and inorganic nanocarriers, have shown massive potential at preclinical and clinical stages for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Each of these nano-systems is distinct with its own benefits and limitations. The need to overcome the limitations of single-component nano-systems, improve their morphological and biological features, and achieve multiple functionalities has resulted in the emergence of hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs). These HNPs integrate multicomponent nano-systems with diagnostic and therapeutic functions into a single nano-system serving as promising nanotools for cancer theragnostic applications. Chitosan (CS) being a mucoadhesive, biodegradable, and biocompatible biopolymer, has emerged as an essential element for the development of HNPs offering several advantages over conventional nanoparticles including pH-dependent drug delivery, sustained drug release, and enhanced nanoparticle stability. In addition, the free protonable amino groups in the CS backbone offer flexibility to its structure, making it easy for the modification and functionalization of CS, resulting in better drug targetability and cell uptake. This review discusses in detail the existing different oncology-directed CS-based HNPs including their morphological characteristics, in-vitro/in-vivo outcomes, toxicity concerns, hurdles in clinical translation, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Priti Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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7
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Pajic-Lijakovic I, Eftimie R, Milivojevic M, Bordas SPA. Segregation of co-cultured multicellular systems: review and modeling consideration. Q Rev Biophys 2024; 57:e5. [PMID: 38351868 DOI: 10.1017/s0033583524000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cell segregation caused by collective cell migration (CCM) is crucial for morphogenesis, functional development of tissue parts, and is an important aspect in other diseases such as cancer and its metastasis process. Efficiency of the cell segregation depends on the interplay between: (1) biochemical processes such as cell signaling and gene expression and (2) physical interactions between cells. Despite extensive research devoted to study the segregation of various co-cultured systems, we still do not understand the role of physical interactions in cell segregation. Cumulative effects of these physical interactions appear in the form of physical parameters such as: (1) tissue surface tension, (2) viscoelasticity caused by CCM, and (3) solid stress accumulated in multicellular systems. These parameters primarily depend on the interplay between the state of cell-cell adhesion contacts and cell contractility. The role of these physical parameters on the segregation efficiency is discussed on model systems such as co-cultured breast cell spheroids consisting of two subpopulations that are in contact. This review study aims to: (1) summarize biological aspects related to cell segregation, mechanical properties of cell collectives, effects along the biointerface between cell subpopulations and (2) describe from a biophysical/mathematical perspective the same biological aspects summarized before. So that overall it can illustrate the complexity of the biological systems that translate into very complex biophysical/mathematical equations. Moreover, by presenting in parallel these two seemingly different parts (biology vs. equations), this review aims to emphasize the need for experiments to estimate the variety of parameters entering the resulting complex biophysical/mathematical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pajic-Lijakovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Raluca Eftimie
- Laboratoire Mathematiques de Besançon, UMR-CNRS 6623, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
| | - Milan Milivojevic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Stéphane P A Bordas
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication, University of Luxembourg, Institute for Computational Engineering, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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8
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Karimifard SA, Salehzadeh-Yazdi A, Taghizadeh-Tabarsi R, Akbari-Birgani S. Mechanical effects modulate drug resistance in MCF-7-derived organoids: Insights into the wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 695:149420. [PMID: 38154263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Addressing drug resistance poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment, as cancer cells develop diverse mechanisms to evade chemotherapy drugs, leading to treatment failure and disease relapse. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture has emerged as a valuable model for studying drug resistance, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. By obtaining a better understanding of drug resistance within the 3D culture environment, we can develop more effective strategies to overcome it and improve the success of cancer treatments. Notably, the physical structure undergoes notable changes in 3D culture, with mechanical effects believed to play a pivotal role in drug resistance. Hence, our study aimed to explore the influence of mechanical effects on drug resistance by analyzing data related to "drug resistance" and "mechanobiology". Through this analysis, we identified β-catenin and JNK1 as potential factors, which were further examined in MCF-7 cells cultivated under both 2D and 3D culture conditions. Our findings demonstrate that β-catenin is activated through canonical and non-canonical pathways and associated with the drug resistance, particularly in organoids obtained under 3D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Karimifard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | | | - Reza Taghizadeh-Tabarsi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Shiva Akbari-Birgani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran; Research Center for Basic Sciences and Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
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9
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De Lorenzi F, Hansen N, Theek B, Daware R, Motta A, Breuel S, Nasehi R, Baumeister J, Schöneberg J, Stojanović N, von Stillfried S, Vogt M, Müller-Newen G, Maurer J, Sofias AM, Lammers T, Fischer H, Kiessling F. Engineering Mesoscopic 3D Tumor Models with a Self-Organizing Vascularized Matrix. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2303196. [PMID: 37865947 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Advanced in vitro systems such as multicellular spheroids and lab-on-a-chip devices have been developed, but often fall short in reproducing the tissue scale and self-organization of human diseases. A bioprinted artificial tumor model is introduced with endothelial and stromal cells self-organizing into perfusable and functional vascular structures. This model uses 3D hydrogel matrices to embed multicellular tumor spheroids, allowing them to grow to mesoscopic scales and to interact with endothelial cells. It is shown that angiogenic multicellular tumor spheroids promote the growth of a vascular network, which in turn further enhances the growth of cocultivated tumor spheroids. The self-developed vascular structure infiltrates the tumor spheroids, forms functional connections with the bioprinted endothelium, and can be perfused by erythrocytes and polystyrene microspheres. Moreover, cancer cells migrate spontaneously from the tumor spheroid through the self-assembled vascular network into the fluid flow. Additionally, tumor type specific characteristics of desmoplasia, angiogenesis, and metastatic propensity are preserved between patient-derived samples and tumors derived from this same material growing in the bioreactors. Overall, this modular approach opens up new avenues for studying tumor pathophysiology and cellular interactions in vitro, providing a platform for advanced drug testing while reducing the need for in vivo experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Lorenzi
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology (MSSO), Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadja Hansen
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research (ZWBF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Theek
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rasika Daware
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Saskia Breuel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ramin Nasehi
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research (ZWBF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julian Baumeister
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology (MSSO), Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Schöneberg
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research (ZWBF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Natalija Stojanović
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research (ZWBF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Vogt
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Müller-Newen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Maurer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexandros Marios Sofias
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology (MSSO), Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology (MSSO), Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research (ZWBF), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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10
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Rassomakhina NV, Ryazanova AY, Likhov AR, Bruskin SA, Maloshenok LG, Zherdeva VV. Tumor Organoids: The Era of Personalized Medicine. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2024; 89:S127-S147. [PMID: 38621748 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924140086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The strategies of future medicine are aimed to modernize and integrate quality approaches including early molecular-genetic profiling, identification of new therapeutic targets and adapting design for clinical trials, personalized drug screening (PDS) to help predict and individualize patient treatment regimens. In the past decade, organoid models have emerged as an innovative in vitro platform with the potential to realize the concept of patient-centered medicine. Organoids are spatially restricted three-dimensional clusters of cells ex vivo that self-organize into complex functional structures through genetically programmed determination, which is crucial for reconstructing the architecture of the primary tissue and organs. Currently, there are several strategies to create three-dimensional (3D) tumor systems using (i) surgically resected patient tissue (PDTOs, patient-derived tumor organoids) or (ii) single tumor cells circulating in the patient's blood. Successful application of 3D tumor models obtained by co-culturing autologous tumor organoids (PDTOs) and peripheral blood lymphocytes have been demonstrated in a number of studies. Such models simulate a 3D tumor architecture in vivo and contain all cell types characteristic of this tissue, including immune system cells and stem cells. Components of the tumor microenvironment, such as fibroblasts and immune system cells, affect tumor growth and its drug resistance. In this review, we analyzed the evolution of tumor models from two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and laboratory animals to 3D tissue-specific tumor organoids, their significance in identifying mechanisms of antitumor response and drug resistance, and use of these models in drug screening and development of precision methods in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Rassomakhina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Alexandra Yu Ryazanova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Astemir R Likhov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey A Bruskin
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Liliya G Maloshenok
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Victoria V Zherdeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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11
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Santos RA, Pessoa HR, Daleprane JB, de Faria Lopes GP, da Costa DCF. Comparative Anticancer Potential of Green Tea Extract and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Breast Cancer Spheroids. Foods 2023; 13:64. [PMID: 38201092 PMCID: PMC10778335 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, breast cancer remains the leading cause of death in many countries. Green tea (GT) has been proposed to play a crucial role in cancer chemoprevention. Although extensive research has been conducted on GT phytochemicals, most experimental studies concentrate mainly on commercial formulations or isolated catechins. This study presents a comparative investigation into the anticancer properties of green tea extract (GTE) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in a three-dimensional (3D) MCF-7 breast cancer cell culture. MCF-7 spheroids were exposed to GTE or EGCG, and effects on 3D culture formation, growth, cell viability, and migration were examined. GTE inhibits cell migration and the formation of breast cancer spheroids more effectively than EGCG, while inducing more pronounced morphological changes in the spheroids' structure. These findings suggest that the food matrix improves GTE effects on breast cancer spheroids, supporting the hypothesis that a mixture of phytochemicals might enhance its anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronimara A. Santos
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (H.R.P.)
| | - Heloisa Rodrigues Pessoa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (H.R.P.)
| | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil;
| | - Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes
- Almirante Paulo Moreira Institute of Sea Studies, Division of Natural Products, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, Brazil;
| | - Danielly C. Ferraz da Costa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (H.R.P.)
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12
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Witt BL, Tollefsbol TO. Molecular, Cellular, and Technical Aspects of Breast Cancer Cell Lines as a Foundational Tool in Cancer Research. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2311. [PMID: 38137912 PMCID: PMC10744609 DOI: 10.3390/life13122311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer comprises about 30% of all new female cancers each year and is the most common malignant cancer in women in the United States. Breast cancer cell lines have been harnessed for many years as a foundation for in vitro analytic studies to understand the use of cancer prevention and therapy. There has yet to be a compilation of works to analyze the pitfalls, novel discoveries, and essential techniques for breast cancer cell line studies in a scientific context. In this article, we review the history of breast cancer cell lines and their origins, as well as analyze the molecular pathways that pharmaceutical drugs apply to breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Controversies regarding the origins of certain breast cancer cell lines, the benefits of utilizing Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) versus Cell-Derived Xenograft (CDX), and 2D versus 3D cell culturing techniques will be analyzed. Novel outcomes from epigenetic discovery with dietary compound usage are also discussed. This review is intended to create a foundational tool that will aid investigators when choosing a breast cancer cell line to use in multiple expanding areas such as epigenetic discovery, xenograft experimentation, and cancer prevention, among other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Witt
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 902 14th Street, Birmingham, AL 35228, USA;
| | - Trygve O. Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 902 14th Street, Birmingham, AL 35228, USA;
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1802 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- University Wide Microbiome Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 845 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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13
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Petri BJ, Piell KM, Wilt AE, Howser AD, Winkler L, Whitworth MR, Valdes BL, Lehman NL, Clem BF, Klinge CM. MicroRNA regulation of the serine synthesis pathway in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:e230148. [PMID: 37650685 PMCID: PMC10546957 DOI: 10.1530/erc-23-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the successful combination of therapies improving survival of estrogen receptor α (ER+) breast cancer patients with metastatic disease, mechanisms for acquired endocrine resistance remain to be fully elucidated. The RNA binding protein HNRNPA2B1 (A2B1), a reader of N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) in transcribed RNA, is upregulated in endocrine-resistant, ER+ LCC9 and LY2 cells compared to parental MCF-7 endocrine-sensitive luminal A breast cancer cells. The miRNA-seq transcriptome of MCF-7 cells overexpressing A2B1 identified the serine metabolic processes pathway. Increased expression of two key enzymes in the serine synthesis pathway (SSP), phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), correlates with poor outcomes in ER+ breast patients who received tamoxifen (TAM). We reported that PSAT1 and PHGDH were higher in LCC9 and LY2 cells compared to MCF-7 cells and their knockdown enhanced TAM sensitivity in these-resistant cells. Here we demonstrate that stable, modest overexpression of A2B1 in MCF-7 cells increased PSAT1 and PHGDH and endocrine resistance. We identified four miRNAs downregulated in MCF-7-A2B1 cells that directly target the PSAT1 3'UTR (miR-145-5p and miR-424-5p), and the PHGDH 3'UTR (miR-34b-5p and miR-876-5p) in dual luciferase assays. Lower expression of miR-145-5p and miR-424-5p in LCC9 and ZR-75-1-4-OHT cells correlated with increased PSAT1 and lower expression of miR-34b-5p and miR-876-5p in LCC9 and ZR-75-1-4-OHT cells correlated with increased PHGDH. Transient transfection of these miRNAs restored endocrine-therapy sensitivity in LCC9 and ZR-75-1-4-OHT cells. Overall, our data suggest a role for decreased A2B1-regulated miRNAs in endocrine resistance and upregulation of the SSP to promote tumor progression in ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J. Petri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Kellianne M. Piell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Ali E. Wilt
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Alexa D. Howser
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Laura Winkler
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Mattie R. Whitworth
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Bailey L. Valdes
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Norman L. Lehman
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- The Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Brian F. Clem
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
- The Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
- The Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS)
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14
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Batalha S, Gomes CM, Brito C. Immune microenvironment dynamics of HER2 overexpressing breast cancer under dual anti-HER2 blockade. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267621. [PMID: 38022643 PMCID: PMC10643871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The clinical prognosis of the HER2-overexpressing (HER2-OE) subtype of breast cancer (BC) is influenced by the immune infiltrate of the tumor. Specifically, monocytic cells, which are promoters of pro-tumoral immunosuppression, and NK cells, whose basal cytotoxic function may be enhanced with therapeutic antibodies. One of the standards of care for HER2+ BC patients includes the combination of the anti-HER2 antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab. This dual combination was a breakthrough against trastuzumab resistance; however, this regimen does not yield complete clinical benefit for a large fraction of patients. Further therapy refinement is still hampered by the lack of knowledge on the immune mechanism of action of this antibody-based dual HER2 blockade. Methods To explore how the dual antibody challenge influences the phenotype and function of immune cells infiltrating the HER2-OE BC microenvironment, we developed in vitro 3D heterotypic cell models of this subtype. The models comprised aggregates of HER2+ BC cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cells were co-encapsulated in a chemically inert alginate hydrogel and maintained in agitation-based culture system for up to 7 days. Results The 3D models of the HER2-OE immune microenvironment retained original BC molecular features; the preservation of the NK cell compartment was achieved upon optimization of culture time and cytokine supplementation. Challenging the models with the standard-of-care combination of trastuzumab and pertuzumab resulted in enhanced immune cytotoxicity compared with trastuzumab alone. Features of the response to therapy within the immune tumor microenvironment were recapitulated, including induction of an immune effector state with NK cell activation, enhanced cell apoptosis and decline of immunosuppressive PD-L1+ immune cells. Conclusions This work presents a unique human 3D model for the study of immune effects of anti-HER2 biologicals, which can be used to test novel therapy regimens and improve anti-tumor immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Batalha
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Monteiro Gomes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Brito
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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15
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Gastélum-López MDLÁ, Aguilar-Medina M, García Mata C, López-Gutiérrez J, Romero-Quintana G, Bermúdez M, Avendaño-Felix M, López-Camarillo C, Pérez-Plascencia C, Beltrán AS, Ramos-Payán R. Organotypic 3D Cell-Architecture Impacts the Expression Pattern of miRNAs-mRNAs Network in Breast Cancer SKBR3 Cells. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37987362 PMCID: PMC10661268 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, most of the research on breast cancer has been carried out in conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures due to its practical benefits, however, the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is becoming the model of choice in cancer research because it allows cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, mimicking the native microenvironment of tumors in vivo. METHODS In this work, we evaluated the effect of 3D cell organization on the expression pattern of miRNAs (by Small-RNAseq) and mRNAs (by microarrays) in the breast cancer SKBR3 cell line and analyzed the biological processes and signaling pathways regulated by the differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-mRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-microRNAs) found in the organoids. RESULTS We obtained well-defined cell-aggregated organoids with a grape cluster-like morphology with a size up to 9.2 × 105 μm3. The transcriptomic assays showed that cell growth in organoids significantly affected (all p < 0.01) the gene expression patterns of both miRNAs, and mRNAs, finding 20 upregulated and 19 downregulated DE-microRNAs, as well as 49 upregulated and 123 downregulated DE-mRNAs. In silico analysis showed that a subset of 11 upregulated DE-microRNAs target 70 downregulated DE-mRNAs. These genes are involved in 150 gene ontology (GO) biological processes such as regulation of cell morphogenesis, regulation of cell shape, regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway, morphogenesis of epithelium, regulation of cytoskeleton organization, as well as in the MAPK and AGE-RAGE signaling KEGG-pathways. Interestingly, hsa-mir-122-5p (Fold Change (FC) = 15.4), hsa-mir-369-3p (FC = 11.4), and hsa-mir-10b-5p (FC = 20.1) regulated up to 81% of the 70 downregulated DE-mRNAs. CONCLUSION The organotypic 3D cell-organization architecture of breast cancer SKBR3 cells impacts the expression pattern of the miRNAs-mRNAs network mainly through overexpression of hsa-mir-122-5p, hsa-mir-369-3p, and hsa-mir-10b-5p. All these findings suggest that the interaction between cell-cell and cell-ECM as well as the change in the culture architecture impacts gene expression, and, therefore, support the pertinence of migrating breast cancer research from conventional cultures to 3D models.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de los Ángeles Gastélum-López
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Maribel Aguilar-Medina
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Cristina García Mata
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Jorge López-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Geovanni Romero-Quintana
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Mercedes Bermúdez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Av. Escorza No. 900, Centro, Chihuahua 31125, Chihuahua, Mexico;
| | - Mariana Avendaño-Felix
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Postgraduate in Genomic Sciences, Autonomous University of Mexico City, San Lorenzo 290, Col del Valle, Mexico City 03100, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plascencia
- National Cancer Institute, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Sec. 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios S/N, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Adriana S Beltrán
- Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
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16
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Ahuja S, Lazar IM. Proteomic Insights into Metastatic Breast Cancer Response to Brain Cell-Secreted Factors. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.22.563488. [PMID: 37961261 PMCID: PMC10634729 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.22.563488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The most devastating feature of cancer cells is their ability to metastasize to distant sites in the body. HER2+ and triple negative breast cancers frequently metastasize to the brain and stay potentially dormant for years, clinging to the microvasculature, until favorable environmental conditions support their proliferation. The sheltered and delicate nature of the brain prevents, however, early disease detection, diagnosis, and effective delivery of therapeutic drugs. Moreover, the challenges associated with the acquisition of brain tissues and biopsies add compounding difficulties to exploring the mechanistic aspects of tumor development, leading to slow progress in understanding the drivers of disease progression and response to therapy. To provide insights into the determinants of cancer cell behavior at the brain metastatic site, this study was aimed at exploring the growth and initial response of HER2+ breast cancer cells (SKBR3) to factors present in the brain perivascular niche. The neural microenvironment conditions were simulated by using the secretome of a set of brain cells that come first in contact with the cancer cells upon crossing the blood brain barrier, i.e., human endothelial cells (HBEC5i), human astrocytes (NHA) and human microglia (HMC3) cells. Cytokine microarrays were used to investigate the cell secretomes and explore the mediators responsible for cell-cell communication, and proteomic technologies for assessing the changes in the behavior of cancer cells upon exposure to the brain cell-secreted factors. The results of the study suggest that the exposure of SKBR3 cells to the brain secretomes altered their growth potential and drove them towards a state of quiescence. The cytokines, growth factors and enzymes detected in the brain cell-conditioned medium were supportive of mostly inflammatory conditions, indicating a collective functional contribution to cell activation, defense, inflammatory responses, chemotaxis, adhesion, angiogenesis, and ECM organization. The SKBR3 cells, on the other hand, secreted numerous cancer-promoting growth factors that were either absent or present in lower abundance in the brain cell culture media, suggesting that upon exposure the SKBR3 cells were deprived of favorable environmental conditions required for optimal growth. The findings of this study underscore the key role played by the neural niche in shaping the behavior of metastasized cancer cells, providing insights into the cancer-host cell cross-talk that contributes to driving metastasized cancer cells into dormancy and into the opportunities that exist for developing novel therapeutic strategies that target the brain metastases of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Ahuja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Iulia M. Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Division of Systems Biology/AIS, Virginia Tech 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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17
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Wahdan-Alaswad RS, Edgerton SM, Kim HM, Tan AC, Haugen BR, Liu B, Thor AD. Thyroid hormone enhances estrogen-mediated proliferation and cell cycle regulatory pathways in steroid receptor-positive breast Cancer. Cell Cycle 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37723865 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2249702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) α expression and associated signaling is a major driver of over two-thirds of all breast cancers (BC). ER targeting strategies are typically used as a first-line therapy in patients with steroid receptor positive (SR+) disease. Secondary resistance to anti-estrogenic agents may occur with clonal expansion and disease progression. Mechanisms underlying hormone resistance are an expanding field of significant translational importance. Cross-talk with other nuclear hormones, receptors, and signaling pathways, including thyroid hormones (TH) and their receptors (THRs), have been shown to promote endocrine therapy resistance in some studies. We have shown that TH replacement therapy (THRT) was independently and significantly associated with higher rates of relapse and mortality in SR positive (+), node-negative (LN-) BC patients, whereas it showed no association with outcomes in SR negative (-) patients. LN-, SR+ patients receiving THRT and tamoxifen had the worst outcomes, suggesting a pro-carcinogenic interaction that significantly and independently shortened survival and increased mortality. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we previously showed hormonal cross-talk, altered gene signaling, target gene activation, and resistance to tamoxifen in the presence of TH. In this report, we show TH ± E2 ± tamoxifen inhibits cell cycle control signaling, reduces apoptosis, and enhances cell proliferation, tumor growth, tamoxifen resistance, and clonal expansion. Mechanistically these changes involve numerous genes and pathways, including critical cell cycle regulatory proteins and genes identified using various molecular methods. These studies facilitate a greater mechanistic understanding of the biological and molecular impact of TH on SR+ BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema S Wahdan-Alaswad
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan M Edgerton
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Bryan R Haugen
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, & Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bolin Liu
- Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ann D Thor
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
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18
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Volmer LL, Önder CE, Volz B, Singh AR, Brucker SY, Engler T, Hartkopf AD, Koch A. Microfluidic Isolation of Disseminated Tumor Cells from the Bone Marrow of Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13930. [PMID: 37762233 PMCID: PMC10531360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) of breast cancer (BC) patients are putative precursors of metastatic disease, and their presence is associated with an adverse clinical outcome. To achieve the personalization of therapy on a clinical routine level, the characterization of DTCs and in vitro drug testing on DTCs are of great interest. Therefore, biobanking methods, as well as novel approaches to DTC isolation, need to be developed. In this study, we established a protocol for the biobanking of BM samples and evaluated a microfluidic-based separation system (Parsortix®) for the enrichment of cryopreserved DTCs. We were able to successfully isolate viable DTCs after the prior cryopreservation of BM samples. We calculated a significant increase of up to 90-fold in harvested DTCs with the proposed method compared to the current standard techniques, opening up new analysis possibilities for DTCs. Our advanced method further presents options for 3D DTC cultures, enabling the individualized testing of targeted therapies for BC patients. In conclusion, we present a novel approach for DTC enrichment, with possibilities for future clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa L. Volmer
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cansu E. Önder
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Volz
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anjali R. Singh
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Y. Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Engler
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas D. Hartkopf
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - André Koch
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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19
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Siatis KE, Giannopoulou E, Manou D, Sarantis P, Karamouzis MV, Raftopoulou S, Fasseas K, Alzahrani FM, Kalofonos HP, Theocharis AD. Resistance to hormone therapy in breast cancer cells promotes autophagy and EGFR signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C708-C720. [PMID: 37575061 PMCID: PMC10625825 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00199.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths for women worldwide. Endocrine therapies represent the cornerstone for hormone-dependent breast cancer treatment. However, in many cases, endocrine resistance is induced with poor prognosis for patients. In the current study, we have developed MCF-7 cell lines resistant to fulvestrant (MCF-7Fulv) and tamoxifen (MCF-7Tam) aiming at investigating mechanisms underlying resistance. Both resistant cell lines exerted lower proliferation capacity in two-dimensional (2-D) cultures but retain estrogen receptor α (ERα) expression and proliferate independent of the presence of estrogens. The established cell lines tend to be more aggressive exhibiting advanced capacity to form colonies, increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and heterodimerization of ERBB family receptors and activation of EGFR downstream pathways like MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors tested against resistant MCF-7Fulv and MCF-7Tam cells showed moderate efficacy to inhibit cell proliferation, except for lapatinib, which concomitantly inhibits both EGFR and HER2 receptors and strongly reduced cell proliferation. Furthermore, increased autophagy was observed in resistant MCF-7Fulv and MCF-7Tam cells as shown by the presence of autophagosomes and increased Beclin-1 levels. The increased autophagy in resistant cells is not associated with increased apoptosis, suggesting a cytoprotective role for autophagy that may favor cells' survival and aggressiveness. Thus, by exploiting those underlying mechanisms, new targets could be established to overcome endocrine resistance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The development of resistance to hormone therapy caused by both fulvestrant and tamoxifen promotes autophagy with concomitant apoptosis evasion, rendering cells capable of surviving and growing. The fact that resistance also triggers ERBB family signaling pathways, which are poorly inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors might attribute to cells' aggressiveness. It is obvious that the development of endocrine therapy resistance involves a complex interplay between deregulated ERBB signaling and autophagy that may be considered in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos E Siatis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Efstathia Giannopoulou
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Dimitra Manou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Raftopoulou
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Faculty of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Fasseas
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Faculty of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Fatimah Mohammed Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haralabos P Kalofonos
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Collodet C, Blust K, Gkouma S, Ståhl E, Chen X, Hartman J, Hedhammar M. Development and characterization of a recombinant silk network for 3D culture of immortalized and fresh tumor-derived breast cancer cells. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10537. [PMID: 37693069 PMCID: PMC10487315 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional cancer models rely on 2D cell cultures or 3D spheroids, which fail to recapitulate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, a key element of tumor development. Existing hydrogel-based 3D alternatives lack mechanical support for cell growth and often suffer from low reproducibility. Here we report a novel strategy to make 3D models of breast cancer using a tissue-like, well-defined network environment based on recombinant spider silk, functionalized with a cell adhesion motif from fibronectin (FN-silk). With this approach, the canonical cancer cells SK-BR-3, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231, maintain their characteristic expression of markers (i.e., ERα, HER2, and PGR) while developing distinct morphology. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrate how culture in the FN-silk networks modulates the biological processes of cell adhesion and migration while affecting physiological events involved in malignancy, such as inflammation, remodeling of the ECM, and resistance to anticancer drugs. Finally, we show that integration in FN-silk networks promotes the viability of cells obtained from the superficial scraping of patients' breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Collodet
- Division of Protein TechnologySchool of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| | - Kelly Blust
- Division of Protein TechnologySchool of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| | - Savvini Gkouma
- Division of Protein TechnologySchool of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| | - Emmy Ståhl
- Division of Protein TechnologySchool of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| | - Xinsong Chen
- Department of Oncology‐PathologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology‐PathologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer DiagnosticsKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - My Hedhammar
- Division of Protein TechnologySchool of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
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21
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Palmiero M, Cantarosso I, di Blasio L, Monica V, Peracino B, Primo L, Puliafito A. Collective directional migration drives the formation of heteroclonal cancer cell clusters. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:1699-1725. [PMID: 36587372 PMCID: PMC10483614 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasisation occurs through the acquisition of invasive and survival capabilities that allow tumour cells to colonise distant sites. While the role of multicellular aggregates in cancer dissemination is acknowledged, the mechanisms that drive the formation of multiclonal cell aggregates are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that cancer cells of different tissue of origins can perform collective directional migration and can actively form heteroclonal aggregates in 3D, through a proliferation-independent mechanism. Coalescence of distant cell clusters is mediated by subcellular actin-rich protrusions and multicellular outgrowths that extend towards neighbouring aggregates. Coherently, perturbation of cytoskeletal dynamics impairs collective migration while myosin II activation is necessary for multicellular movements. We put forward the hypothesis that cluster attraction is mediated by secreted soluble factors. Such a hypothesis is consistent with the abrogation of aggregation by inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK, the chemoattracting activity of conditioned culture media and with a wide screening of secreted proteins. Our results present a novel collective migration model and shed light on the mechanisms of formation of heteroclonal aggregates in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Palmiero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Isabel Cantarosso
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Laura di Blasio
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Valentina Monica
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Barbara Peracino
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesSan Luigi Hospital, University of TurinOrbassanoItaly
| | - Luca Primo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
| | - Alberto Puliafito
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO – IRCCSCandioloItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinCandioloItaly
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22
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Gandidzanwa S, Beukes N, Joseph SV, Janse Van Vuuren A, Mashazi P, Britton J, Kilian G, Roux S, Nyokong T, Lee ME, Frost CL, Tshentu ZR. The development of folate-functionalised palladium nanoparticles for folate receptor targeting in breast cancer cells. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:465705. [PMID: 37527629 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acec52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Folate receptor-targeted therapy has excellent prospects for the treatment of breast cancer. A non-toxic concentration of folate-conjugated palladium-based nanoparticles was used to target the overexpressed folate receptor on breast cancer cells. The folate-conjugated nanoparticles were tailored to accumulate selectively in cancer cells relative to normal cells via the folate receptor. The MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, and MCF-10A normal cell lines were used in the study. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of nanoparticle cellular uptake and accumulation was conducted using transmission electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. The findings proved that folate-conjugated palladium nanoparticles successfully and preferentially accumulated in breast cancer cells. We conclude that folate-conjugated palladium nanoparticles can be potentially used to target breast cancer cells for radiopharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Beukes
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Sinelizwi V Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Arno Janse Van Vuuren
- Center for High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Philani Mashazi
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
- Institute of Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Britton
- Institute of Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Gareth Kilian
- Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Saartjie Roux
- Department of Human Physiology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Institute of Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Michael E Lee
- Center for High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Carminita L Frost
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
| | - Zenixole R Tshentu
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
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23
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Watzling M, Klaus L, Weidemeier T, Horder H, Ebert R, Blunk T, Bauer-Kreisel P. Three-Dimensional Breast Cancer Model to Investigate CCL5/CCR1 Expression Mediated by Direct Contact between Breast Cancer Cells and Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells or Adipocytes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3501. [PMID: 37444610 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer is determined by the complex crosstalk of cancer cells with adipose tissue-inherent cells such as adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and adipocytes resulting from the local invasion of tumor cells in the mammary fat pad. This leads to heterotypic cellular contacts between these cell types. To adequately mimic the specific cell-to-cell interaction in an in vivo-like 3D environment, we developed a direct co-culture spheroid model using ASCs or differentiated adipocytes in combination with MDA-MB-231 or MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Co-spheroids were generated in a well-defined and reproducible manner in a high-throughput process. We compared the expression of the tumor-promoting chemokine CCL5 and its cognate receptors in these co-spheroids to indirect and direct standard 2D co-cultures. A marked up-regulation of CCL5 and in particular the receptor CCR1 with strict dependence on cell-cell contacts and culture dimensionality was evident. Furthermore, the impact of direct contacts between ASCs and tumor cells and the involvement of CCR1 in promoting tumor cell migration were demonstrated. Overall, these results show the importance of direct 3D co-culture models to better represent the complex tumor-stroma interaction in a tissue-like context. The unveiling of tumor-specific markers that are up-regulated upon direct cell-cell contact with neighboring stromal cells, as demonstrated in the 3D co-culture spheroids, may represent a promising strategy to find new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Watzling
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Klaus
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tamara Weidemeier
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hannes Horder
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Regina Ebert
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Blunk
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Bauer-Kreisel
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Irie N, Warita K, Tashiro J, Zhou Y, Ishikawa T, Oltvai ZN, Warita T. Expression of housekeeping genes varies depending on mevalonate pathway inhibition in cancer cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18017. [PMID: 37501994 PMCID: PMC10368838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins have anticancer effects and may be used as anticancer agents via drug repositioning. In reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays, the internal reference gene must not be affected by any experimental conditions. As statins exert a wide range of effects on cells by inhibiting the mevalonate pathway, it is possible that statin treatment might alter the expression of housekeeping genes used as internal reference genes, thereby misleading the assessment of obtained gene expression data. Here, we evaluated the expression stability of internal reference genes in atorvastatin-treated cancer cell lines. We treated both statin-sensitive and statin-resistant cancer cell lines with atorvastatin at seven different concentrations and performed RT-qPCR on 15 housekeeping genes whose expression stability was then assessed using five different algorithms. In both statin-sensitive and statin-resistant cancer cell lines, atorvastatin affected the expression of certain internal reference genes in a dose-dependent and cancer cell line-dependent manner; therefore, caution should be exercised when comparing target gene expression between cells. Our findings emphasize the importance of the validation of internal reference genes in gene expression analyses in drug treatment-based cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Irie
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669‐1330, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Warita
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Jiro Tashiro
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yaxuan Zhou
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669‐1330, Japan
| | - Takuro Ishikawa
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Zoltán N. Oltvai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Tomoko Warita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669‐1330, Japan
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25
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Roohani S, Loskutov J, Heufelder J, Ehret F, Wedeken L, Regenbrecht M, Sauer R, Zips D, Denker A, Joussen AM, Regenbrecht CRA, Kaul D. Photon and Proton irradiation in Patient-derived, Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Sarcoma Models. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:577. [PMID: 37349697 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their heterogeneity, the current standard preoperative radiotherapy regimen for localized high-grade soft tissue sarcoma (STS) follows a one fits all approach for all STS subtypes. Sarcoma patient-derived three-dimensional cell culture models represent an innovative tool to overcome challenges in clinical research enabling reproducible subtype-specific research on STS. In this pilot study, we present our methodology and preliminary results using STS patient-derived 3D cell cultures that were exposed to different doses of photon and proton radiation. Our aim was: (i) to establish a reproducible method for irradiation of STS patient-derived 3D cell cultures and (ii) to explore the differences in tumor cell viability of two different STS subtypes exposed to increasing doses of photon and proton radiation at different time points. METHODS Two patient-derived cell cultures of untreated localized high-grade STS (an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and a pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLS)) were exposed to a single fraction of photon or proton irradiation using doses of 0 Gy (sham irradiation), 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 8 Gy and 16 Gy. Cell viability was measured and compared to sham irradiation at two different time points (four and eight days after irradiation). RESULTS The proportion of viable tumor cells four days after photon irradiation for UPS vs. PLS were significantly different with 85% vs. 65% (4 Gy), 80% vs. 50% (8 Gy) and 70% vs. 35% (16 Gy). Proton irradiation led to similar diverging viability curves between UPS vs. PLS four days after irradiation with 90% vs. 75% (4 Gy), 85% vs. 45% (8 Gy) and 80% vs. 35% (16 Gy). Photon and proton radiation displayed only minor differences in cell-killing properties within each cell culture (UPS and PLS). The cell-killing effect of radiation sustained at eight days after irradiation in both cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS Pronounced differences in radiosensitivity are evident among UPS and PLS 3D patient-derived sarcoma cell cultures which may reflect the clinical heterogeneity. Photon and proton radiation showed similar dose-dependent cell-killing effectiveness in both 3D cell cultures. Patient-derived 3D STS cell cultures may represent a valuable tool to enable translational studies towards individualized subtype-specific radiotherapy in patients with STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyer Roohani
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiation Oncology, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Loskutov
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Heufelder
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, BerlinProtonen am Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, 14109, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Ophthalmology, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Ehret
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiation Oncology, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Wedeken
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela Regenbrecht
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- ASC Oncology GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rica Sauer
- Institute of Pathology, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Walterhöferstr. 11, 14165, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiation Oncology, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Denker
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia M Joussen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Ophthalmology, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian R A Regenbrecht
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- ASC Oncology GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Kaul
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiation Oncology, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany
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26
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Jamil M, Mustafa IS, Sahul Hamid SB, Ahmed NM, Khazaalah TH, Godwin E, Ezra NS, Salah HN. Parameterisation and cellular evaluation of poly(ethylene) oxide-coated erbium oxide in MCF-7 cells as MRI diagnostic nanofibres. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113423. [PMID: 37390675 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The novelty of this work is the conjugation of poly(ethylene) oxide (PEO) with the erbium oxide (Er2O3) nanoparticles using the electrospinning technique. In this work, synthesised PEO-coated Er2O3 nanofibres were characterised and evaluated for their cytotoxicity to assess their potential use as diagnostic nanofibres for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PEO has significantly impacted nanoparticle conductivity due to its lower ionic conductivity at room temperature. The findings showed that the surface roughness was improved over the nanofiller loading, implying an improvement in cell attachment. The release profile performed for drug-controlling purposes has demonstrated a stable release after 30 min. Cellular response in MCF-7 cells showed high biocompatibility of the synthesised nanofibres. The cytotoxicity assay results showed that the diagnostic nanofibres had excellent biocompatibility, indicating the feasibility for diagnosis purposes. With excellent contrast performance, the PEO-coated Er2O3 nanofibres developed novel T2 and T1-T2 dual-mode MRI diagnostic nanofibres leading to better cancer diagnosis. In conclusion, this work has demonstrated that the conjugation of PEO-coated Er2O3 nanofibres improved the surface modification of the Er2O3 nanoparticles as a potential diagnostic agent. Using PEO in this study as a carrier or polymer matrix significantly influenced the biocompatibility and internalisation efficiency of the Er2O3 nanoparticles without triggering any morphological changes after treatment. This work has suggested permissible concentrations of PEO-coated Er2O3 nanofibres for diagnostic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munirah Jamil
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
| | | | - Shahrul Bariyah Sahul Hamid
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Naser Mahmoud Ahmed
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering, Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Efenji Godwin
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Federal University Lokoja, P.M.B. 1154, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
| | - Nabasu Seth Ezra
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Science, Plateau State University, P.O. Box 2012 Bokkos, Jos Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Hayder Naeem Salah
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia; Science Department, College of Basic Education, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
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27
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Godoy-Gallardo M, Merino-Gómez M, Mateos-Timoneda MA, Eckhard U, Gil FJ, Perez RA. Advanced Binary Guanosine and Guanosine 5'-Monophosphate Cell-Laden Hydrogels for Soft Tissue Reconstruction by 3D Bioprinting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37319328 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue defects or pathologies frequently necessitate the use of biomaterials that provide the volume required for subsequent vascularization and tissue formation as autrografts are not always a feasible alternative. Supramolecular hydrogels represent promising candidates because of their 3D structure, which resembles the native extracellular matrix, and their capacity to entrap and sustain living cells. Guanosine-based hydrogels have emerged as prime candidates in recent years since the nucleoside self-assembles into well-ordered structures like G-quadruplexes by coordinating K+ ions and π-π stacking, ultimately forming an extensive nanofibrillar network. However, such compositions were frequently inappropriate for 3D printing due to material spreading and low shape stability over time. Thus, the present work aimed to develop a binary cell-laden hydrogel capable of ensuring cell survival while providing enough stability to ensure scaffold biointegration during soft tissue reconstruction. For that purpose, a binary hydrogel made of guanosine and guanosine 5'-monophosphate was optimized, rat mesenchymal stem cells were entrapped, and the composition was bioprinted. To further increase stability, the printed structure was coated with hyperbranched polyethylenimine. Scanning electron microscopic studies demonstrated an extensive nanofibrillar network, indicating excellent G-quadruplex formation, and rheological analysis confirmed good printing and thixotropic qualities. Additionally, diffusion tests using fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled-dextran (70, 500, and 2000 kDa) showed that nutrients of various molecular weights may diffuse through the hydrogel scaffold. Finally, cells were evenly distributed throughout the printed scaffold, cell survival was 85% after 21 days, and lipid droplet formation was observed after 7 days under adipogenic conditions, indicating successful differentiation and proper cell functioning. To conclude, such hydrogels may enable the 3D bioprinting of customized scaffolds perfectly matching the respective soft tissue defect, thereby potentially improving the outcome of the tissue reconstruction intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Maria Merino-Gómez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Miguel A Mateos-Timoneda
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Ulrich Eckhard
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Higher Scientific Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - F Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Roman A Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
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Neagu AN, Whitham D, Bruno P, Morrissiey H, Darie CA, Darie CC. Omics-Based Investigations of Breast Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:4768. [PMID: 37375323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is characterized by an extensive genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. In-depth investigations into the molecular bases of BC phenotypes, carcinogenesis, progression, and metastasis are necessary for accurate diagnoses, prognoses, and therapy assessments in predictive, precision, and personalized oncology. This review discusses both classic as well as several novel omics fields that are involved or should be used in modern BC investigations, which may be integrated as a holistic term, onco-breastomics. Rapid and recent advances in molecular profiling strategies and analytical techniques based on high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry (MS) development have generated large-scale multi-omics datasets, mainly emerging from the three "big omics", based on the central dogma of molecular biology: genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. Metabolomics-based approaches also reflect the dynamic response of BC cells to genetic modifications. Interactomics promotes a holistic view in BC research by constructing and characterizing protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks that provide a novel hypothesis for the pathophysiological processes involved in BC progression and subtyping. The emergence of new omics- and epiomics-based multidimensional approaches provide opportunities to gain insights into BC heterogeneity and its underlying mechanisms. The three main epiomics fields (epigenomics, epitranscriptomics, and epiproteomics) are focused on the epigenetic DNA changes, RNAs modifications, and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) affecting protein functions for an in-depth understanding of cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Novel omics fields, such as epichaperomics or epimetabolomics, could investigate the modifications in the interactome induced by stressors and provide PPI changes, as well as in metabolites, as drivers of BC-causing phenotypes. Over the last years, several proteomics-derived omics, such as matrisomics, exosomics, secretomics, kinomics, phosphoproteomics, or immunomics, provided valuable data for a deep understanding of dysregulated pathways in BC cells and their tumor microenvironment (TME) or tumor immune microenvironment (TIMW). Most of these omics datasets are still assessed individually using distinct approches and do not generate the desired and expected global-integrative knowledge with applications in clinical diagnostics. However, several hyphenated omics approaches, such as proteo-genomics, proteo-transcriptomics, and phosphoproteomics-exosomics are useful for the identification of putative BC biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To develop non-invasive diagnostic tests and to discover new biomarkers for BC, classic and novel omics-based strategies allow for significant advances in blood/plasma-based omics. Salivaomics, urinomics, and milkomics appear as integrative omics that may develop a high potential for early and non-invasive diagnoses in BC. Thus, the analysis of the tumor circulome is considered a novel frontier in liquid biopsy. Omics-based investigations have applications in BC modeling, as well as accurate BC classification and subtype characterization. The future in omics-based investigations of BC may be also focused on multi-omics single-cell analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Carol I Bvd, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
| | - Pathea Bruno
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
| | - Hailey Morrissiey
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
| | - Celeste A Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
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29
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BABAHAN C, ABDI ABGARMI S, SONUGÜR FG, ÖÇAL M, AKBULUT H. The effects of anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody on the expression of angiogenesis and invasion-related genes. Turk J Biol 2023; 47:262-275. [PMID: 38152616 PMCID: PMC10751090 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0152.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The role of PD-L1 in regulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via its binding on PD-1 receptors is extensively studied. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a significant way of cancer immune escape, and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells is suggested as a predictive marker for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). However, the tumor-intrinsic role of PD-L1 is not known well. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of anti-PD-L1 antibodies on the expression of angiogenesis and metastasis-related genes in tumor cells. Materials and methods The experiments were done with prostate cancer and melanoma cells with low PD-L1 expression (<5%) and prostate and breast cancer cells with high PD-L1 expression (>50%). The gene and protein expressions of VEGFA, E-cadherin, TGFβ1, EGFR, and bFGF in tumor cells were assayed at the 3 different doses of the anti-PD-L1 antibody. Results We found that VEGFA, E-cadherin and TGFβ1 expressions increased in PD-L1 high cells but decreased in PD-L1 low cells after anti-PD-L1 treatment. EGFR expression levels were variable in PD-L1 high cells, while decreased in PD-L1 low cells upon treatment. Also, the anti-PD-L1 antibody was found to increase bFGF expression in the prostate cancer cell line with high PD-L1 expression. Conclusion Our results suggest that the binding of PD-L1 on tumor cells by an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody may affect tumor-intrinsic mechanisms. The activation of angiogenesis and metastasis-related pathways by anti-PD-L1 treatment in PD-L1 high tumors might be a tumor-promoting mechanism. The decrease of VEGFA, TGFβ1 and EGFR upon anti-PD-L1 treatment in PD-L1 low tumor cells provides a rationale for the use of those antibodies in PD-L1 low tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu BABAHAN
- Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | | | | | - Müge ÖÇAL
- Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Hakan AKBULUT
- Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara,
Turkiye
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara,
Turkiye
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30
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Tebon PJ, Wang B, Markowitz AL, Davarifar A, Tsai BL, Krawczuk P, Gonzalez AE, Sartini S, Murray GF, Nguyen HTL, Tavanaie N, Nguyen TL, Boutros PC, Teitell MA, Soragni A. Drug screening at single-organoid resolution via bioprinting and interferometry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3168. [PMID: 37280220 PMCID: PMC10244450 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High throughput drug screening is an established approach to investigate tumor biology and identify therapeutic leads. Traditional platforms use two-dimensional cultures which do not accurately reflect the biology of human tumors. More clinically relevant model systems such as three-dimensional tumor organoids can be difficult to scale and screen. Manually seeded organoids coupled to destructive endpoint assays allow for the characterization of treatment response, but do not capture transitory changes and intra-sample heterogeneity underlying clinically observed resistance to therapy. We present a pipeline to generate bioprinted tumor organoids linked to label-free, time-resolved imaging via high-speed live cell interferometry (HSLCI) and machine learning-based quantitation of individual organoids. Bioprinting cells gives rise to 3D structures with unaltered tumor histology and gene expression profiles. HSLCI imaging in tandem with machine learning-based segmentation and classification tools enables accurate, label-free parallel mass measurements for thousands of organoids. We demonstrate that this strategy identifies organoids transiently or persistently sensitive or resistant to specific therapies, information that could be used to guide rapid therapy selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton J Tebon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander L Markowitz
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ardalan Davarifar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brandon L Tsai
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrycja Krawczuk
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina Del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Alfredo E Gonzalez
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara Sartini
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Graeme F Murray
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Huyen Thi Lam Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nasrin Tavanaie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thang L Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Teitell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Alice Soragni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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31
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Madhavan M, Jaiswal D, Karlberg S, Duggan A, Almarshad HA, Claffey KP, Hoshino K. Electron microscopy imaging and mechanical characterization of T47D multicellular tumor spheroids-Older spheroids reduce interstitial space and become stiffer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286291. [PMID: 37228139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellular cancer spheroids are an in vitro tissue model that mimics the three-dimensional microenvironment. As spheroids grow, they develop the gradients of oxygen, nutrients, and catabolites, affecting crucial tumor characteristics such as proliferation and treatment responses. The measurement of spheroid stiffness provides a quantitative measure to evaluate such structural changes over time. In this report, we measured the stiffness of size-matched day 5 and day 20 tumor spheroids using a custom-built microscale force sensor and conducted transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging to compare the internal structures. We found that older spheroids reduce interstitial spaces in the core region and became significantly stiffer. The measured elastic moduli were 260±100 and 680±150 Pa, for day 5 and day 20 spheroids, respectively. The day 20 spheroids showed an optically dark region in the center. Analyzing the high-resolution TEM images of spheroid middle sections across the diameter showed that the cells in the inner region of the day 20 spheroids are significantly larger and more closely packed than those in the outer regions. On the other hand, the day 5 spheroids did not show a significant difference between the inner and outer regions. The observed reduction of the interstitial space may be one factor that contributes to stiffer older spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathangi Madhavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Devina Jaiswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sarah Karlberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Alexis Duggan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Hassan A Almarshad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Jouf University, Sakakah, Al Jawf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kevin P Claffey
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Kazunori Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
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32
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Tong Y, Qi Y, Xiong G, Li J, Scott TL, Chen J, He D, Li L, Wang C, Lane AN, Xu R. The PLOD2/succinate axis regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and cancer cell stemness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214942120. [PMID: 37155842 PMCID: PMC10194013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214942120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant accumulation of succinate has been detected in many cancers. However, the cellular function and regulation of succinate in cancer progression is not completely understood. Using stable isotope-resolved metabolomics analysis, we showed that the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) was associated with profound changes in metabolites, including elevation of cytoplasmic succinate levels. The treatment with cell-permeable succinate induced mesenchymal phenotypes in mammary epithelial cells and enhanced cancer cell stemness. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequence analysis showed that elevated cytoplasmic succinate levels were sufficient to reduce global 5-hydroxymethylcytosinene (5hmC) accumulation and induce transcriptional repression of EMT-related genes. We showed that expression of procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was associated with elevation of cytoplasmic succinate during the EMT process. Silencing of PLOD2 expression in breast cancer cells reduced succinate levels and inhibited cancer cell mesenchymal phenotypes and stemness, which was accompanied by elevated 5hmC levels in chromatin. Importantly, exogenous succinate rescued cancer cell stemness and 5hmC levels in PLOD2-silenced cells, suggesting that PLOD2 promotes cancer progression at least partially through succinate. These results reveal the previously unidentified function of succinate in enhancing cancer cell plasticity and stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Tong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Yifei Qi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Gaofeng Xiong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Junyan Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Timothy L. Scott
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Jie Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Daheng He
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Linzhang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Andrew N. Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40536
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Raik S, Sharma P, Kumar S, Rattan V, Das A, Kumar N, Srinivasan R, Bhattacharyya S. Three-dimensional spheroid culture of dental pulp-derived stromal cells enhance their biological and regenerative properties for potential therapeutic applications. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 160:106422. [PMID: 37172928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) spheroids generated in a three-dimensional (3D) culture system serve as a surrogate model that maintain stem cell characteristics since these mimic the in vivo behavior of cells and tissue more closely. Our study involved a detailed characterization of the spheroids generated in ultra-low attachment flasks. The spheroids were evaluated and compared for their morphology, structural integrity, viability, proliferation, biocomponents, stem cell phenotype and differentiation abilities with monolayer culture derived cells (2D culture). The in-vivo therapeutic efficacy of DPSCs derived from 2D and 3D culture was also assessed by transplanting them in an animal model of the critical-sized calvarial defect. DPSCs formed compact and well-organized multicellular spheroids when cultured in ultra-low attachment condition with superior stemness, differentiation, and regenerative abilities than monolayer cells. They maintained lower proliferative state and showed marked difference in the cellular biocomponents such as lipid, amide and nucleic acid between DPSCs from 2D and 3D cultures. The scaffold-free 3D culture efficiently preserves DPSCs intrinsic properties and functionality by maintaining them in the state close to the native tissues. The scaffold free 3D culture methods allow easy collection of a large number of multicellular spheroids of DPSCs and therefore, this can be adopted as a feasible and efficient method of generating robust spheroids for various in-vitro and in-vivo therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Raik
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Prakshi Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Saroj Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Vidya Rattan
- Unit of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashim Das
- Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Navin Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Department of Cytology and Gynecologic Pathology, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
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34
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Bjørnstad OV, Carrasco M, Finne K, Winge I, Askeland C, Arnes JB, Knutsvik G, Kleftogiannis D, Paulo JA, Akslen LA, Vethe H. Global and single-cell proteomics view of the co-evolution between neural progenitors and breast cancer cells in a co-culture model. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.03.539050. [PMID: 37205344 PMCID: PMC10187147 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.539050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumor neurogenesis, a process by which new nerves invade tumors, is a growing area of interest in cancer research. Nerve presence has been linked to aggressive features of various solid tumors, including breast and prostate cancer. A recent study suggested that the tumor microenvironment may influence cancer progression through recruitment of neural progenitor cells from the central nervous system. However, the presence of neural progenitors in human breast tumors has not been reported. Here, we investigate the presence of Doublecortin (DCX) and Neurofilament-Light (NFL) co-expressing (DCX+/NFL+) cells in patient breast cancer tissue using Imaging Mass Cytometry. To map the interaction between breast cancer cells and neural progenitor cells further, we created an in vitro model mimicking breast cancer innervation, and characterized using mass spectrometry-based proteomics on the two cell types as they co- evolved in co-culture. Our results indicate stromal presence of DCX+/NFL+ cells in breast tumor tissue from a cohort of 107 patient cases, and that neural interaction contribute to drive a more aggressive breast cancer phenotype in our co-culture models. Our results support that neural involvement plays an active role in breast cancer and warrants further studies on the interaction between nervous system and breast cancer progression.
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35
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Hu Q, Hu X, Shi Y, Liang L, Zhu J, Zhao S, Wang Y, Wu Z, Wang F, Zhou F, Yang Y. Heterogeneous tissue construction by on-demand bubble-assisted acoustic patterning. Lab Chip 2023; 23:2206-2216. [PMID: 37006165 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00122a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Highly heterogeneous structures are closely related to the realization of the tissue functions of living organisms. However, precisely controlling the assembly of heterogeneous structures is still a crucial challenge. This work presents an on-demand bubble-assisted acoustic method for active cell patterning to achieve high-precision heterogeneous structures. Active cell patterning is achieved by the combined effect of acoustic radiation forces and microstreaming around oscillating bubble arrays. On-demand bubble arrays allow flexible construction of cell patterns with a precision of up to 45 μm. As a typical example, the in vitro model of hepatic lobules, composed of patterned endothelial cells and hepatic parenchymal cells, was constructed and cultured for 5 days. The good performance of urea and albumin secretion, enzymatic activity and good proliferation of both cells prove the feasibility of this technique. Overall, this bubble-assisted acoustic approach provides a simple and efficient strategy for on-demand large-area tissue construction, with considerable potential for different tissue model fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejia Hu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Shi
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaomeng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shukun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zezheng Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
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Esser L, Springer R, Dreissen G, Lövenich L, Konrad J, Hampe N, Merkel R, Hoffmann B, Noetzel E. Elastomeric Pillar Cages Modulate Actomyosin Contractility of Epithelial Microtissues by Substrate Stiffness and Topography. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091256. [PMID: 37174659 PMCID: PMC10177551 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell contractility regulates epithelial tissue geometry development and homeostasis. The underlying mechanobiological regulation circuits are poorly understood and experimentally challenging. We developed an elastomeric pillar cage (EPC) array to quantify cell contractility as a mechanoresponse of epithelial microtissues to substrate stiffness and topography. The spatially confined EPC geometry consisted of 24 circularly arranged slender pillars (1.2 MPa, height: 50 µm; diameter: 10 µm, distance: 5 µm). These high-aspect-ratio pillars were confined at both ends by planar substrates with different stiffness (0.15-1.2 MPa). Analytical modeling and finite elements simulation retrieved cell forces from pillar displacements. For evaluation, highly contractile myofibroblasts and cardiomyocytes were assessed to demonstrate that the EPC device can resolve static and dynamic cellular force modes. Human breast (MCF10A) and skin (HaCaT) cells grew as adherence junction-stabilized 3D microtissues within the EPC geometry. Planar substrate areas triggered the spread of monolayered clusters with substrate stiffness-dependent actin stress fiber (SF)-formation and substantial single-cell actomyosin contractility (150-200 nN). Within the same continuous microtissues, the pillar-ring topography induced the growth of bilayered cell tubes. The low effective pillar stiffness overwrote cellular sensing of the high substrate stiffness and induced SF-lacking roundish cell shapes with extremely low cortical actin tension (11-15 nN). This work introduced a versatile biophysical tool to explore mechanobiological regulation circuits driving low- and high-tensional states during microtissue development and homeostasis. EPC arrays facilitate simultaneously analyzing the impact of planar substrate stiffness and topography on microtissue contractility, hence microtissue geometry and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisann Esser
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ronald Springer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Georg Dreissen
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Lukas Lövenich
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jens Konrad
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nico Hampe
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Erik Noetzel
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2): Mechanobiology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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Zhou C, Wu Y, Wang Z, Liu Y, Yu J, Wang W, Chen S, Wu W, Wang J, Qian G, He A. Standardization of organoid culture in cancer research. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37081739 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing a valid in vitro model to represent tumor heterogeneity and biology is critical but challenging. Tumor organoids are self-assembled three-dimensional cell clusters which are of great significance for recapitulating the histopathological, genetic, and phenotypic characteristics of primary tissues. The organoid has emerged as an attractive in vitro platform for tumor biology research and high-throughput drug screening in cancer medicine. Organoids offer unique advantages over cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models, but there are no standardized methods to guide the culture of organoids, leading to confusion in organoid studies that may affect accurate judgments of tumor biology. This review summarizes the shortcomings of current organoid culture methods, presents the latest research findings on organoid standardization, and proposes an outlook for organoid modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Zhou
- Biobank, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanbo Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Yangxin County People's Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Biobank, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Biobank, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sunrui Chen
- Shanghai OneTar Biomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Shanghai OneTar Biomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Shanghai OneTar Biomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guowei Qian
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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38
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Brisson BK, Dekky B, Berger AC, Mauldin EA, Loebel C, Yen W, Stewart DC, Gillette D, Assenmacher CA, Cukierman E, Burdick JA, Borges VF, Volk SW. Tumor-restrictive type III collagen in the breast cancer microenvironment: prognostic and therapeutic implications. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2631314. [PMID: 37090621 PMCID: PMC10120781 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2631314/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Collagen plays a critical role in regulating breast cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. An improved understanding of both the features and drivers of tumor-permissive and -restrictive collagen matrices are critical to improve prognostication and develop more effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, using a combination of in vitro, in vivo and in silico experiments, we show that type III collagen (Col3) plays a tumor-restrictive role in human breast cancer. We demonstrate that Col3-deficient, human fibroblasts produce tumor-permissive collagen matrices that drive cell proliferation and suppress apoptosis in noninvasive and invasive breast cancer cell lines. In human TNBC biopsy samples, we demonstrate elevated deposition of Col3 relative to type I collagen (Col1) in noninvasive compared to invasive regions. Similarly, in silico analyses of over 1000 breast cancer patient biopsies from The Cancer Genome Atlas BRCA cohort revealed that patients with higher Col3:Col1 bulk tumor expression had improved overall, disease-free and progression-free survival relative to those with higher Col1:Col3 expression. Using an established 3D culture model, we show that Col3 increases spheroid formation and induces formation of lumen-like structures that resemble non-neoplastic mammary acini. Finally, our in vivo study shows co-injection of murine breast cancer cells (4T1) with rhCol3-supplemented hydrogels limits tumor growth and decreases pulmonary metastatic burden compared to controls. Taken together, these data collectively support a tumor-suppressive role for Col3 in human breast cancer and suggest that strategies that increase Col3 may provide a safe and effective modality to limit recurrence in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky K. Brisson
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bassil Dekky
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashton C. Berger
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Mauldin
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claudia Loebel
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William Yen
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel C. Stewart
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deborah Gillette
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles-Antoine Assenmacher
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, The Martin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Virginia F. Borges
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Young Women’s Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan W. Volk
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Peng J, Chan C, Zhang S, Sklavounos AA, Olson ME, Scott EY, Hu Y, Rajesh V, Li BB, Chamberlain MD, Zhang S, Peng H, Wheeler AR. All-in-One digital microfluidics pipeline for proteomic sample preparation and analysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2887-2900. [PMID: 36937585 PMCID: PMC10016607 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly sensitive and reproducible analysis of samples containing low amounts of protein is restricted by sample loss and the introduction of contaminants during processing. Here, we report an All-in-One digital microfluidic (DMF) pipeline for proteomic sample reduction, alkylation, digestion, isotopic labeling and analysis. The system features end-to-end automation, with integrated thermal control for digestion, optimized droplet additives for sample manipulation and analysis, and an automated interface to liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Dimethyl labeling was integrated into the pipeline to allow for relative quantification of the trace samples at the nanogram level, and the new pipeline was applied to evaluating cancer cell lines and cancer tissue samples. Several known proteins (including HSP90AB1, HSPB1, LDHA, ENO1, PGK1, KRT18, and AKR1C2) and pathways were observed between model breast cancer cell lines related to hormone response, cell metabolism, and cell morphology. Furthermore, differentially quantified proteins (such as PGS2, UGDH, ASPN, LUM, COEA1, and PRELP) were found in comparisons of healthy and cancer breast tissues, suggesting potential utility of the All-in-One pipeline for the emerging application of proteomic cancer sub-typing. In sum, the All-in-One pipeline represents a powerful new tool for automated proteome processing and analysis, with the potential to be useful for evaluating mass-limited samples for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Calvin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
| | - Shuailong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Alexandros A Sklavounos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
| | - Maxwell E Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
| | - Erica Y Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Yechen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Vigneshwar Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
| | - Bingyu B Li
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
- Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan 107 Wiggins Road Saskatoon SK S7N 5E5 Canada
| | - Shen Zhang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital 600 University Avenue Toronto ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA Changsha Hunan 410000 China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- School of Environment, University of Toronto 33 Willcocks Street Toronto ON M5S 3E8 Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
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40
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Rosado-Galindo H, Domenech M. Surface roughness modulates EGFR signaling and stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1124250. [PMID: 36968199 PMCID: PMC10030610 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1124250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer stem cells (CSC), a major culprit of drug-resistant phenotypes and tumor relapse, represent less than 2 % of the bulk of TNBC cells, making them difficult to isolate, study, and thus, limiting our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. Current methods for CSC enrichment, such as 3D spheroid culture, genetic modification, and stem cell conditioning, are time consuming, expensive, and unsuitable for high-throughput assays. One way to address these limitations is to use topographical stimuli to enhance CSC populations in planar culture. Physical cues in the breast tumor microenvironment can influence cell behavior through changes in the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we used topographical cues on polystyrene films to investigate their effect on the proteome and stemness of standard TNBC cell lines. Methods: The topographical polystyrene-based array was generated using razor printing and polishing methods. Proteome data were analyzed and enriched bioprocesses were identified using R software. Stemness was assessed measuring CD44, CD24 and ALDH markers using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, detection assays, and further validated with mammosphere assay. EGF/EGFR expression and activity was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence and antibody membrane array. A dose-response assay was performed to further investigate the effect of surface topography on the sensitivity of cells to the EGFR inhibitor. Results: Surface roughness enriched the CSC population and modulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling activity in TNBC cells. Enhanced proliferation of MDA-MB-468 cells in roughness correlated with upregulation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand, which in turn corresponded with a 3-fold increase in the expression of EGFR and a 42% increase in its phosphorylation compared to standard smooth culture surfaces. The results also demonstrated that phenotypic changes associated with topographical (roughness) stimuli significantly decreased the drug sensitivity to the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib. In addition, the proportion of CD44+/CD24-/ALDH+ was enhanced on surface roughness in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines. We also demonstrated that YAP/TAZ activation decreased in a roughness-dependent manner, confirming the mechanosensing effect of the topographies on the oncogenic activity of the cells. Discussion: Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of surface roughness as a culture strategy to influence oncogenic activity in TNBC cells and enrich CSC populations in planar cultures. Such a culture strategy may benefit high-throughput screening studies seeking to identify compounds with broader tumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maribella Domenech
- Bioengineering Program, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
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41
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Rodriguez MJ, Perrone MC, Riggio M, Palafox M, Salinas V, Elia A, Salgueiro ND, Werbach AE, Marks MP, Kauffman MA, Vellón L, Serra V, Novaro V. Targeting mTOR to overcome resistance to hormone and CDK4/6 inhibitors in ER-positive breast cancer models. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2710. [PMID: 36792625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to therapy remains a major obstacle in cancer management. Although treatment with hormone and CDK4/6 inhibitors is successful in luminal breast cancer, resistance to these treatments is frequent, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies to delay disease progression and improve patient survival. Here, we assessed the mechanisms of acquired resistance using T47D and MCF-7 tamoxifen- and palbociclib-resistant cell-line variants in culture and as xenografts, and patient-derived cells (PDCs) obtained from sensitive or resistant patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). In these models, we analyzed the effect of specific kinase inhibitors on survival, signaling and cellular aggressiveness. Our results revealed that mTOR inhibition is more effective than PI3K inhibition in overcoming resistance, irrespective of PIK3CA mutation status, by decreasing cell proliferation and tumor growth, as well as reducing cell migration and stemness. Moreover, a combination of mTOR and CDK4/6 inhibitors may prevent pathway reactivation downstream of PI3K, interfering with the survival of resistant cells and consequent tumor escape. In conclusion, we highlight the benefits of incorporating mTOR inhibitors into the current therapy in ER + breast cancer. This alternative therapeutic strategy not only enhances the antitumor response but may also delay the emergence of resistance and tumor recurrence.
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42
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Tahara S, de Faria FCC, Sarchet P, Calore F, Sharick J, Leight JL, Casadei L, Pollock RE. Three dimensional models of dedifferentiated liposarcoma cell lines: scaffold-based and scaffold-free approaches. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1081-1089. [PMID: 36763259 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare malignancies, the number of reports is limited, and this rarity makes further research difficult even though liposarcoma is one of major sarcomas. 2D cell culture remains an important role in establishing basic tumor biology research, but its various shortcomings and limitations are still of concern, and it is now well-accepted that the behavior of 3D-cultured cells is more reflective of in vivo cellular responses compared to 2D models. This study aimed to establish 3D cell culture of liposarcomas using two different methods: scaffold-based (Matrigel extracellular matrix [ECM] scaffold method) and scaffold-free (Ultra-low attachment [ULA] plate). Lipo246, Lipo224 and Lipo863 cell lines were cultured, and distinctive differences in structures were observed in Matrigel 3D model: Lipo224 and Lipo863 formed spheroids, whereas Lipo246 grew radially without forming spheres. In ULA plate approaches, all cell lines formed spheroids, but Lipo224 and Lipo863 spheroids showed bigger size and looser aggregation than Lipo246. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) blocks were obtained from all 3D models, confirming the spheroid structures. The expression of MDM2, Ki-67 positivity and MDM2 amplification were confirmed by IHC and DNAscope™, respectively. Protein and DNA were extracted from all samples and MDM2 upregulation was confirmed by western blot and qPCR analysis. After treatment with MDM2 inhibitor SAR405838, DDLPS spheroids demonstrated different sensitivity patterns from 2D models. Taken together, we believed that 3D models would have a possibility to provide us a new predictability of efficacy and toxicity, and considered as one important process in in vitro pre-clinical phase prior to moving forward to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayumi Tahara
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 10th Avenue. Suite D920E, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Fernanda Costas C de Faria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 10th Avenue. Suite D920E, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Patricia Sarchet
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 10th Avenue. Suite D920E, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Federica Calore
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 10th Avenue. Suite D920E, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Joe Sharick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer L Leight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lucia Casadei
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 10th Avenue. Suite D920E, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Raphael E Pollock
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 10th Avenue. Suite D920E, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Dougherty J, Harvey K, Liou A, Labella K, Moran D, Brosius S, De Raedt T. Identification of therapeutic sensitivities in a spheroid drug combination screen of Neurofibromatosis Type I associated High Grade Gliomas. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277305. [PMID: 36730269 PMCID: PMC9894422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) patients develop an array of benign and malignant tumors, of which Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST) and High Grade Gliomas (HGG) have a dismal prognosis. About 15-20% of individuals with NF1 develop brain tumors and one third of these occur outside of the optic pathway. These non-optic pathway gliomas are more likely to progress to malignancy, especially in adults. Despite their low frequency, high grade gliomas have a disproportional effect on the morbidity of NF1 patients. In vitro drug combination screens have not been performed on NF1-associated HGG, hindering our ability to develop informed clinical trials. Here we present the first in vitro drug combination screen (21 compounds alone or in combination with MEK or PI3K inhibitors) on the only human NF1 patient derived HGG cell line available and on three mouse glioma cell lines derived from the NF1-P53 genetically engineered mouse model, which sporadically develop HGG. These mouse glioma cell lines were never exposed to serum, grow as spheres and express markers that are consistent with an Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell (OPC) lineage origin. Importantly, even though the true cell of origin for HGG remains elusive, they are thought to arise from the OPC lineage. We evaluated drug sensitivities of the three murine glioma cell lines in a 3D spheroid growth assay, which more accurately reflects drug sensitivities in vivo. Excitingly, we identified six compounds targeting HDACs, BRD4, CHEK1, BMI-1, CDK1/2/5/9, and the proteasome that potently induced cell death in our NF1-associated HGG. Moreover, several of these inhibitors work synergistically with either MEK or PI3K inhibitors. This study forms the basis for further pre-clinical evaluation of promising targets, with an eventual hope to translate these to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Dougherty
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kyra Harvey
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Angela Liou
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Katherine Labella
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Deborah Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Brosius
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department or Neurology, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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44
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Almutary AG, Alnuqaydan AM, Almatroodi SA, Bakshi HA, Chellappan DK, Tambuwala MM. Development of 3D-Bioprinted Colitis-Mimicking Model to Assess Epithelial Barrier Function Using Albumin Nano-Encapsulated Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8. [PMID: 36810372 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological barrier function is very difficult to replicate in vitro. This situation leads to poor prediction of candidate drugs in the drug development process due to the lack of preclinical modelling for intestinal function. By using 3D bioprinting, we generated a colitis-like condition model that can evaluate the barrier function of albumin nanoencapsulated anti-inflammatory drugs. Histological characterization demonstrated the manifestation of the disease in 3D-bioprinted Caco-2 and HT-29 constructs. A comparison of proliferation rates in 2D monolayer and 3D-bioprinted models was also carried out. This model is compatible with currently available preclinical assays and can be implemented as an effective tool for efficacy and toxicity prediction in drug development.
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Pajic-Lijakovic I, Eftimie R, Milivojevic M, Bordas SPA. The dynamics along the biointerface between the epithelial and cancer mesenchymal cells: Modeling consideration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 147:47-57. [PMID: 36631334 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cancer is the one of most lethal cancer type worldwide. Targeting the early stage of disease would allow dramatic improvements in the survival of cancer patients. The early stage of the disease is related to cancer cell spreading across surrounding healthy epithelium. Consequently, deeper insight into cell dynamics along the biointerface between epithelial and cancer (mesenchymal) cells is necessary in order to control the disease as soon as possible. Cell dynamics along this epithelial-cancer biointerface is the result of the interplay between various biological and physical mechanisms. Despite extensive research devoted to study cancer cell spreading across the epithelium, we still do not understand the physical mechanisms which influences the dynamics along the biointerface. These physical mechanisms are related to the interplay between physical parameters such as: (1) interfacial tension between cancer and epithelial subpopulations, (2) established interfacial tension gradients, (3) the bending rigidity of the biointerface and its impact on the interfacial tension, (4) surface tension of the subpopulations, (5) viscoelasticity caused by collective cell migration, and (6) cell residual stress accumulation. The main goal of this study is to review some of these physical parameters in the context of the epithelial/cancer biointerface elaborated on the model system such as the biointerface between breast epithelial MCF-10A cells and cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and then to incorporate these parameters into a new biophysical model that could describe the dynamics of the biointerface. We conclude by discussing three biophysical scenarios for cell dynamics along the biointerface, which can occur depending on the magnitude of the generated shear stress: a smooth biointerface, a slightly-perturbed biointerface and an intensively-perturbed biointerface in the context of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. These scenarios are related to the probability of cancer invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pajic-Lijakovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Serbia.
| | - Raluca Eftimie
- Laboratoire Mathematiques de Besançon, UMR-CNRS 6623, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 16 Route de Gray, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Milan Milivojevic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Serbia
| | - Stéphane P A Bordas
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute for Computational Engineering, Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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46
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Whitford MKM, McCaffrey L. Polarity in breast development and cancer. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 154:245-283. [PMID: 37100520 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Mammary gland development and breast cancer progression are associated with extensive remodeling of epithelial tissue architecture. Apical-basal polarity is a key feature of epithelial cells that coordinates key elements of epithelial morphogenesis including cell organization, proliferation, survival, and migration. In this review we discuss advances in our understanding of how apical-basal polarity programs are used in breast development and cancer. We describe cell lines, organoids, and in vivo models commonly used for studying apical-basal polarity in breast development and disease and discuss advantages and limitations of each. We also provide examples of how core polarity proteins regulate branching morphogenesis and lactation during development. We describe alterations to core polarity genes in breast cancer and their associations with patient outcomes. The impact of up- or down-regulation of key polarity proteins in breast cancer initiation, growth, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance are discussed. We also introduce studies demonstrating that polarity programs are involved in regulating the stroma, either through epithelial-stroma crosstalk, or through signaling of polarity proteins in non-epithelial cell types. Overall, a key concept is that the function of individual polarity proteins is highly contextual, depending on developmental or cancer stage and cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara K M Whitford
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luke McCaffrey
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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47
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Abstract
Spheroids enable the study of tumors and tumor hypoxia using a more representative model of the physiological environment compared to 2D cell culture. Spheroids can be grown in a cell suspension or when adhered to a solid scaffold. The spheroid formation method used is dependent on cell type. Here we describe the most common spheroid formation methods, including hanging drop, low adhesion plates, hydrogel, micropatterned plates, and microfluidics. After spheroids are formed, they can be used for drug treatment trials and analyzed using Western Blots, qPCR, and microscopy. Microscopy can then be used to measure the invasiveness of cells when a basement membrane is added to spheroids and for monitoring changes in the proliferation, quiescent, and necrotic zones of spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Kirsh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sydney A Pascetta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - James Uniacke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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48
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Matsubara D, Yoshimoto T, Akolekar N, Totsuka T, Amano Y, Kihara A, Miura T, Isagawa Y, Sakuma Y, Ishikawa S, Ushiku T, Fukayama M, Niki T. Genetic and phenotypic determinants of morphologies in 3D cultures and xenografts of lung tumor cell lines. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:1757-1770. [PMID: 36533957 PMCID: PMC10067422 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously proposed the classification of lung adenocarcinoma into two groups: the bronchial epithelial phenotype (BE phenotype) with high-level expressions of bronchial epithelial markers and actionable genetic abnormalities of tyrosine kinase receptors and the non-BE phenotype with low-level expressions of bronchial Bronchial epithelial (BE) epithelial markers and no actionable genetic abnormalities of tyrosine kinase receptors. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of tumor morphologies in 3D cultures and xenografts across a panel of lung cancer cell lines. First, we demonstrated that 40 lung cancer cell lines (23 BE and 17 non-BE) can be classified into three groups based on morphologies in 3D cultures on Matrigel: round (n = 31), stellate (n = 5), and grape-like (n = 4). The latter two morphologies were significantly frequent in the non-BE phenotype (1/23 BE, 8/17 non-BE, p = 0.0014), and the stellate morphology was only found in the non-BE phenotype. SMARCA4 mutations were significantly frequent in stellate-shaped cells (4/4 stellate, 4/34 non-stellate, p = 0.0001). Next, from the 40 cell lines, we successfully established 28 xenograft tumors (18 BE and 10 non-BE) in NOD/SCID mice and classified histological patterns of the xenograft tumors into three groups: solid (n = 20), small nests in desmoplasia (n = 4), and acinar/papillary (n = 4). The latter two patterns were characteristically found in the BE phenotype. The non-BE phenotype exhibited a solid pattern with significantly less content of alpha-SMA-positive fibroblasts (p = 0.0004) and collagen (p = 0.0006) than the BE phenotype. Thus, the morphology of the tumors in 3D cultures and xenografts, including stroma genesis, reflects the intrinsic properties of the cancer cell lines. Furthermore, this study serves as an excellent resource for lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, with clinically relevant information on molecular and morphological characteristics and drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Matsubara
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.,Department of Pathology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | | | - Yusuke Amano
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kihara
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tamaki Miura
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuriko Isagawa
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakuma
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Human Pathology Department, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Human Pathology Department, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Integrative Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Hipwood L, Clegg J, Weekes A, Davern JW, Dargaville TR, Meinert C, Bock N. Semi-Synthetic Click-Gelatin Hydrogels as Tunable Platforms for 3D Cancer Cell Culture. Gels 2022; 8. [PMID: 36547345 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Basement membrane extracts (BME) derived from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcomas such as Matrigel® remain the gold standard extracellular matrix (ECM) for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture in cancer research. Yet, BMEs suffer from substantial batch-to-batch variation, ill-defined composition, and lack the ability for physichochemical manipulation. Here, we developed a novel 3D cell culture system based on thiolated gelatin (Gel-SH), an inexpensive and highly controlled raw material capable of forming hydrogels with a high level of biophysical control and cell-instructive bioactivity. We demonstrate the successful thiolation of gelatin raw materials to enable rapid covalent crosslinking upon mixing with a synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based crosslinker. The mechanical properties of the resulting gelatin-based hydrogels were readily tuned by varying precursor material concentrations, with Young's moduli ranging from ~2.5 to 5.8 kPa. All hydrogels of varying stiffnesses supported the viability and proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines for 14 and 21 days of cell culture, respectively. Additionally, the gelatin-based hydrogels supported the growth, viability, and osteogenic differentiation of patient-derived preosteoblasts over 28 days of culture. Collectively, our data demonstrate that gelatin-based biomaterials provide an inexpensive and tunable 3D cell culture platform that may overcome the limitations of traditional BMEs.
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50
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Ellison ST, Duraivel S, Subramaniam V, Hugosson F, Yu B, Lebowitz JJ, Khoshbouei H, Lele TP, Martindale MQ, Angelini TE. Cellular micromasonry: biofabrication with single cell precision. Soft Matter 2022; 18:8554-8560. [PMID: 36350122 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In many tissues, cell type varies over single-cell length-scales, creating detailed heterogeneities fundamental to physiological function. To gain understanding of the relationship between tissue function and detailed structure, and eventually to engineer structurally and physiologically accurate tissues, we need the ability to assemble 3D cellular structures having the level of detail found in living tissue. Here we introduce a method of 3D cell assembly having a level of precision finer than the single-cell scale. With this method we create detailed cellular patterns, demonstrating that cell type can be varied over the single-cell scale and showing function after their assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tori Ellison
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Senthilkumar Duraivel
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Vignesh Subramaniam
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Fredrik Hugosson
- The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, St. Augustine, Florida 32080, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Joseph J Lebowitz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Tanmay P Lele
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Mark Q Martindale
- The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, St. Augustine, Florida 32080, USA
| | - Thomas E Angelini
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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