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Li H, Niu J, Wang X, Niu M, Liao C. The Contribution of Antimicrobial Peptides to Immune Cell Function: A Review of Recent Advances. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2278. [PMID: 37765247 PMCID: PMC10535326 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel antimicrobial agents to replace antibiotics has become urgent due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), widely distributed in all kingdoms of life, present strong antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. The potential of AMPs as new alternatives to antibiotics has gradually attracted considerable interest. In addition, AMPs exhibit strong anticancer potential as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. Many studies have provided evidence that AMPs can recruit and activate immune cells, controlling inflammation. This review highlights the scientific literature focusing on evidence for the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of different AMPs in immune cells, including macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. A variety of immunomodulatory characteristics, including the abilities to activate and differentiate immune cells, change the content and expression of inflammatory mediators, and regulate specific cellular functions and inflammation-related signaling pathways, are summarized and discussed in detail. This comprehensive review contributes to a better understanding of the role of AMPs in the regulation of the immune system and provides a reference for the use of AMPs as novel anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Li
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Anmal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (H.L.); (J.N.)
| | - Junhui Niu
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Anmal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (H.L.); (J.N.)
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Mingfu Niu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Chengshui Liao
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Anmal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (H.L.); (J.N.)
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Camó C, Bonaterra A, Badosa E, Baró A, Montesinos L, Montesinos E, Planas M, Feliu L. Antimicrobial peptide KSL-W and analogues: Promising agents to control plant diseases. Peptides 2019; 112:85-95. [PMID: 30508634 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent strong restrictions on the use of pesticides has prompted the search for safer alternatives, being antimicrobial peptides promising candidates. Herein, with the aim of identifying new agents, 15 peptides reported as plant defense elicitors, promiscuous, multifunctional or antimicrobial were selected and tested against six plant pathogenic bacteria of economic importance. Within this set, KSL-W (KKVVFWVKFK-NH2) displayed high antibacterial activity against all the tested pathogens, low hemolysis and low phytotoxicity in tobacco leaves. This peptide was taken as a lead and 49 analogues were designed and synthesized, including N-terminal deletion sequences, peptides incorporating a d-amino acid and lipopeptides. The screening of these sequences revealed that a nine amino acid length was the minimum for activity. The presence of a d-amino acid significantly decreased the hemolysis and endowed KSL-W with the capacity to induce the expression of defense-related genes in tomato plants. The incorporation of an acyl chain led to sequences with high activity against Xanthomonas strains, low hemolysis and phytotoxicity. Therefore, this study demonstrates that KSL-W constitutes an excellent candidate as new agent to control plant diseases and can be considered as a lead to develop derivatives with multifunctional properties, including antimicrobial and plant defense elicitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Camó
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Bonaterra
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Esther Badosa
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Aina Baró
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Montesinos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Emilio Montesinos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Marta Planas
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain.
| | - Lidia Feliu
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain.
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Musale V, Guilhaudis L, Abdel-Wahab YHA, Flatt PR, Conlon JM. Insulinotropic activity of the host-defense peptide frenatin 2D: Conformational, structure-function and mechanistic studies. Biochimie 2018; 156:12-21. [PMID: 30244134 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Of four naturally occurring frenatin peptides tested, frenatin 2D (DLLGTLGNLPLPFI.NH2) from Discoglossus sardus was the most potent and effective in producing concentration-dependent stimulation of insulin release from BRIN-BD11 rat clonal β-cells without displaying cytotoxicity. The peptide also stimulated insulin release from 1.1B4 human-derived clonal β-cells and isolated mouse islets and improved glucose tolerance concomitant with increased circulating insulin concentrations in mice following intraperitoneal administration. The insulinotropic activity of frenatin 2D was not associated with membrane depolarization or an increase in intracellular [Ca2+] but incubation of the peptide (1 μM) with BRIN-BD11 cells produced a modest, but significant (P < 0.05), increase in cAMP production. Stimulation of insulin release was abolished in protein kinase A-downregulated cells but maintained in protein kinase C-downregulated cells. Circular dichroism studies showed that, in the presence of dodecylphosphocholine micelles, frenatin 2D exhibited a helical content of 35% and a turn content of 28%. Substitution of the Thr5, Asn8, Pro10, and Ile14 residues in frenatin-2D by Trp and interchange of Pro12 and Phe13 led to loss of insulinotropic activity but the [D1W] and [G7W] analogues were as potent and effective as the native peptide. Frenatin 2D (1 μM) also stimulated proliferation of BRIN-BD11 cells and provided significant protection of the cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis. It is concluded that the insulinotropic activity of frenatin 2D is mediated predominantly, if not exclusively, by the KATP channel-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Musale
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Laure Guilhaudis
- Normandy University, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont St Aignan, Cedex, France
| | - Yasser H A Abdel-Wahab
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Peter R Flatt
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK.
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Muñoz-Camargo C, Salazar VA, Barrero-Guevara L, Camargo S, Mosquera A, Groot H, Boix E. Unveiling the Multifaceted Mechanisms of Antibacterial Activity of Buforin II and Frenatin 2.3S Peptides from Skin Micro-Organs of the Orinoco Lime Treefrog ( Sphaenorhynchus lacteus). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2170. [PMID: 30044391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin is a rich source of natural compounds with diverse antimicrobial and immune defense properties. Our previous studies showed that the frog skin secretions obtained by skin micro-organs from various species of Colombian anurans have antimicrobial activities against bacteria and viruses. We purified for the first time two antimicrobial peptides from the skin micro-organs of the Orinoco lime treefrog (Sphaenorhynchus lacteus) that correspond to Buforin II (BF2) and Frenatin 2.3S (F2.3S). Here, we have synthesized the two peptides and tested them against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, observing an effective bactericidal activity at micromolar concentrations. Evaluation of BF2 and F2.3S membrane destabilization activity on bacterial cell cultures and synthetic lipid bilayers reveals a distinct membrane interaction mechanism. BF2 agglutinates E. coli cells and synthetic vesicles, whereas F2.3S shows a high depolarization and membrane destabilization activities. Interestingly, we found that F2.3S is able to internalize within bacterial cells and can bind nucleic acids, as previously reported for BF2. Moreover, bacterial exposure to both peptides alters the expression profile of genes related to stress and resistance response. Overall, these results show the multifaceted mechanism of action of both antimicrobial peptides that can provide alternative tools in the fight against bacterial resistance.
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Abstract
Several peptides that were first identified on the basis of their antimicrobial or immunomodulatory properties have subsequently shown potential for development into agents for the treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes. A strategy is presented for the isolation and characterization of such peptides in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from a range of frog species. The methodology involves fractionation of the secretions by reversed-phase HPLC, identification of fractions containing components that stimulate the rate of release of insulin from BRIN-BD11 clonal β-cells without simultaneously stimulating the release of lactate dehydrogenase, identification of active peptides in the mass range 1-6 kDa by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, purification of the peptides to near homogeneity by further HPLC, and structural characterization by automated Edman degradation. The effect of synthetic replicates of the active peptides on glucose homeostasis in vivo may be evaluated in mice fed a high fat diet to produce obesity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
| | - R Charlotte Moffett
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | | | - Peter R Flatt
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
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Pantic JM, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Arsenijevic NN, Conlon JM, Lukic ML. The Potential of Frog Skin-Derived Peptides for Development into Therapeutically-Valuable Immunomodulatory Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:E2071. [PMID: 29236056 PMCID: PMC6150033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the immunoregulatory actions of frog skin-derived peptides in order to assess their potential as candidates for immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory therapy. Frog skin peptides with demonstrable immunomodulatory properties have been isolated from skin secretions of a range of species belonging to the families Alytidae, Ascaphidae, Discoglossidae, Leptodactylidae, Pipidae and Ranidae. Their effects upon production of inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines by target cells have been evaluated ex vivo and effects upon cytokine expression and immune cell activity have been studied in vivo by flow cytometry after injection into mice. The naturally-occurring peptides and/or their synthetic analogues show complex and variable actions on the production of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-23, IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-17), pleiotropic (IL-4 and IL-6) and immunosuppressive (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines by peripheral and spleen cells, peritoneal cells and/or isolated macrophages. The effects of frenatin 2.1S include enhancement of the activation state and homing capacity of Th1-type lymphocytes and NK cells in the mouse peritoneal cavity, as well as the promotion of their tumoricidal capacities. Overall, the diverse effects of frog skin-derived peptides on the immune system indicate their potential for development into therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Pantic JM, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Gajovic NM, Arsenijevic NN, Conlon JM, Lukic ML. The frog skin host-defense peptide frenatin 2.1S enhances recruitment, activation and tumoricidal capacity of NK cells. Peptides 2017; 93:44-50. [PMID: 28526557 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Frog skin is a source of peptides with various biological properties. Frenatin 2.1S, derived from norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the Orinoco lime tree frog Sphaenorhynchus lacteus, exhibits immunostimulatory effects as demonstrated by the promotion of proinflammatory phenotypes of mononuclear cells in mouse peritoneal cavity and spleen. The aim of this study was to identify the populations of host cells sensitive to the action of frenatin 2.1S in vivo and to study its effects on their functional antitumor capacity. A single injection of frenatin 2.1S (100μg) in BALB/c mice increased the presence of peritoneal CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD3+ T cells 24h after administration and there was a significant increase in the number of IL-17 and CXCR3 expressing inflammatory T cells. Frenatin 2.1S treatment also increased the number of TNF-α expressing F4/80+ proinflammatory M1 macrophages. The most striking finding of the study is the marked increase of the number of peritoneal natural killer (NK) cells following frenatin 2.1S injection. Further, frenatin 2.1S administration led to activation of NK cells as evaluated by increased expression of NKG2D, FasL, CD69 and CD107a. The increased ratio of interferon-γ vs. IL-10 producing NK cells is further indication of the proinflammatory action of frenatin 2.1S. Peptide treatment enhanced the tumoricidal action of peritoneal NK cells on 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma cells as revealed by the real-time automated monitoring of cell status. Our data demonstrate that frenatin 2.1S promotes activation and cytotoxic capacity of NK cells and should be regarded as a candidate for antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena M Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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