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Zhu H, Yuan J, Wan Q, Cheng F, Dong X, Xia S, Zhou C. A UV-Vis spectroscopic detection method for cobalt ions in zinc sulfate solution based on discrete wavelet transform and extreme gradient boosting. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 311:123982. [PMID: 38320470 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Zinc is a crucial strategic metal resource. The concentration of cobalt ions in zinc refining solution significantly impacts the efficiency of zinc electrolysis production. The traditional method of detecting cobalt ions in zinc solution is time-consuming, labor-intensive and ineffective. However, optical detection offers the advantage of high efficiency and low cost, making it a potential replacement for the traditional method. In this study, the spectral curve of cobalt ions in zinc solution is detected by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. Additionally, we propose a model for the concentration-absorbance relationship of cobalt ions in zinc solution based on discrete wavelet transform and extreme gradient boosting (DWT-XGBoost) algorithms. First, the spectral curve's information region is denoised by using Savitzky-Golay (S-G) smoothing. Then, the denoised spectra is utilized to extract features through discrete wavelet transform and principal component analysis. These features are used as inputs to the XGBoost model to establish prediction models for low and high cobalt ions in zinc solution. Bayesian optimization is implemented to adjust the model's hyperparameters, including learning rate, feature sampling ratio, to enhance the prediction performance. Finally, applying the model to zinc solution samples from a zinc smelter and compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms, the DWT-XGBoost algorithm exhibits the lowest RMSE, MAE and MAPE, with values of 0.034 mg/L, 0.025 mg/L, 6.983 % for low cobalt and with values of 0.231 mg/L, 0.067 mg/L and 0.472 % for high cobalt. The experimental results demonstrate that the DWT-XGBoost model exhibits significantly superior prediction performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiu Zhu
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jianqiang Yuan
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qilong Wan
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Fei Cheng
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xinran Dong
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Sibo Xia
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Can Zhou
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Ye Q, Qian G, Liu L, Yang F, Liu W. Effect of Hydroxyapatite on the Migration of Fe(III) Ions: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Study. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:5652. [PMID: 36013789 PMCID: PMC9413832 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The recycling and regeneration of Fe(III) is the key point for promoting the oxidation reaction of ore to produce acidic mine drainage (AMD). Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has excellent adsorption ability of Fe(III), which has good biocompatibility and is widely distributed in nature. In order to achieve the source treatment of AMD, the migration and transformation of Fe(III) in the presence of HAP were systematically investigated. In this study, the influence of HAP on the migration of Fe(III) was evaluated though the transformation capacity of Fe(III) by HAP. The adsorption transformation kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamics of Fe(III) using HAP were also systematic investigated. The transformation efficiency of Fe(III) increased with the increasing initial pH value and reached 99.8% at a pH of 5 due to the hydrolysis reaction. The transformation efficiency was also up to 99% at an initial pH of 2 when the reaction temperature increased to 313 K. However, the transformation capability of Fe(III) decreases with reaction temperature. The kinetics of the adsorption of Fe(III) fitted the pseudo second order kinetic model. Experimental results were also analyzed by the Langmuir isotherm equations at room temperatures. RL separation factor for Langmuir isotherm showed that the migration of Fe(III) is successfully hindered by HAP. Various thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔH), Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and entropy (ΔS) changes were computed, which showed that the transport lag of Fe(III) caused by HAP is spontaneous and endothermic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Gongming Qian
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Fu Yang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Shi Z, Chow CWK, Fabris R, Liu J, Jin B. Applications of Online UV-Vis Spectrophotometer for Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Process Control: A Review. Sensors 2022; 22:s22082987. [PMID: 35458971 PMCID: PMC9024714 DOI: 10.3390/s22082987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Water quality monitoring is an essential component of water quality management for water utilities for managing the drinking water supply. Online UV-Vis spectrophotometers are becoming popular choices for online water quality monitoring and process control, as they are reagent free, do not require sample pre-treatments and can provide continuous measurements. The advantages of the online UV-Vis sensors are that they can capture events and allow quicker responses to water quality changes compared to conventional water quality monitoring. This review summarizes the applications of online UV-Vis spectrophotometers for drinking water quality management in the last two decades. Water quality measurements can be performed directly using the built-in generic algorithms of the online UV-Vis instruments, including absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), colour, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity and nitrate. To enhance the usability of this technique by providing a higher level of operations intelligence, the UV-Vis spectra combined with chemometrics approach offers simplicity, flexibility and applicability. The use of anomaly detection and an early warning was also discussed for drinking water quality monitoring at the source or in the distribution system. As most of the online UV-Vis instruments studies in the drinking water field were conducted at the laboratory- and pilot-scale, future work is needed for industrial-scale evaluation with ab appropriate validation methodology. Issues and potential solutions associated with online instruments for water quality monitoring have been provided. Current technique development outcomes indicate that future research and development work is needed for the integration of early warnings and real-time water treatment process control systems using the online UV-Vis spectrophotometers as part of the water quality management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhining Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; (Z.S.); (B.J.)
| | - Christopher W. K. Chow
- Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rolando Fabris
- South Australia Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Jixue Liu
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia;
| | - Bo Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; (Z.S.); (B.J.)
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Zhu X, Chen L, Pumpanen J, Ojala A, Zobitz J, Zhou X, Laudon H, Palviainen M, Neitola K, Berninger F. The role of terrestrial productivity and hydrology in regulating aquatic dissolved organic carbon concentrations in boreal catchments. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:2764-2778. [PMID: 35060250 PMCID: PMC9303698 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the catchments of the Northern Hemisphere. Increasing terrestrial productivity and changing hydrology may be reasons for the increases in DOC concentration. The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of increased terrestrial productivity and changed hydrology following climate change on DOC concentrations. We tested and quantified the effects of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and discharge on DOC concentrations in boreal catchments over 3 years. As catchment characteristics can regulate the extent of rising DOC concentrations caused by the regional or global environmental changes, we selected four catchments with different sizes (small, medium and large) and landscapes (forest, mire and forest-mire mixed). We applied multiple models: Wavelet coherence analysis detected the delay-effects of terrestrial productivity and discharge on aquatic DOC variations of boreal catchments; thereafter, the distributed-lag linear models quantified the contributions of each factor on DOC variations. Our results showed that the combined impacts of terrestrial productivity and discharge explained 62% of aquatic DOC variations on average across all sites, whereas discharge, gross primary production (GPP) and RE accounted for 26%, 22% and 3%, respectively. The impact of GPP and discharge on DOC changes was directly related to catchment size: GPP dominated DOC fluctuations in small catchments (<1 km2 ), whereas discharge controlled DOC variations in big catchments (>1 km2 ). The direction of the relation between GPP and discharge on DOC varied. Increasing RE always made a positive contribution to DOC concentration. This study reveals that climate change-induced terrestrial greening and shifting hydrology change the DOC export from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems. The work improves our mechanistic understanding of surface water DOC regulation in boreal catchments and confirms the importance of DOC fluxes in regulating ecosystem C budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Zhu
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesJoensuu CampusUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesJoensuu CampusUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesKuopio CampusUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Anne Ojala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE)HelsinkiFinland
| | - John Zobitz
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer ScienceAugsburg UniversityMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesJoensuu CampusUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
| | - Hjalmar Laudon
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural ScienceUmeåSweden
| | - Marjo Palviainen
- Department of Forest SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Kimmo Neitola
- Institute for Atmospheric Earth System Research (INAR)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesJoensuu CampusUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland
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Sá M, Ferrer-Ledo N, Gao F, Bertinetto CG, Jansen J, Crespo JG, Wijffels RH, Barbosa M, Galinha CF. Perspectives of fluorescence spectroscopy for online monitoring in microalgae industry. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:1824-1838. [PMID: 35175653 PMCID: PMC9151345 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae industrial production is viewed as a solution for alternative production of nutraceuticals, cosmetics, biofertilizers, and biopolymers. Throughout the years, several technological advances have been implemented, increasing the competitiveness of microalgae industry. However, online monitoring and real-time process control of a microalgae production factory still require further development. In this mini-review, non-destructive tools for online monitoring of cellular agriculture applications are described. Still, the focus is on the use of fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor several parameters (cell concentration, pigments, and lipids) in the microalgae industry. The development presented makes it the most promising solution for monitoring up-and downstream processes, different biological parameters simultaneously, and different microalgae species. The improvements needed for industrial application of this technology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sá
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands.,Stichting imec Nederland - OnePlanet Research Center, Wageningen, 6708WH, The Netherlands
| | - Narcis Ferrer-Ledo
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Fengzheng Gao
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo G Bertinetto
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (Analytical Chemistry), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Jansen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (Analytical Chemistry), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - João G Crespo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, N-8049, Norway
| | - Maria Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia F Galinha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
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Zhu X, Chen L, Pumpanen J, Keinänen M, Laudon H, Ojala A, Palviainen M, Kiirikki M, Neitola K, Berninger F. Assessment of a portable UV-Vis spectrophotometer's performance in remote areas: Stream water DOC, Fe content and spectral data. Data Brief 2021; 35:106747. [PMID: 33537378 PMCID: PMC7841307 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.106747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents data for the assessment of a portable UV-Vis spectrophotometer's performance on predicting stream water DOC and Fe content. The dataset contains DOC and Fe concentrations by laboratory methods, in-situ and ex-situ spectral absorbances, monitoring environmental indexes such as water depth, temperature, turbidity and voltage. The records in Yli-Nuortti river (Cold station, Finland) took place during the hydrological year 2018-2019 and in Krycklan (C4 and C5, Sweden) during the hydrological years 2016-2019. The data analyses were conducted with 'pls' and 'caret' package in R. The correlation coefficient (R), root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), standard deviation (STD) and bias were used to check the performance of the models. This dataset can be combined with datasets from other regions around the world to build more universal models. For discussion and more information of the dataset creation, please refer to the full-length article "Assessment of a portable UV-Vis spectrophotometer's performance for stream water DOC and Fe content monitoring in remote areas" [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Zhu
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Keinänen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Hjalmar Laudon
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anne Ojala
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjo Palviainen
- Department of Forest Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Kimmo Neitola
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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