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Qiu X, Hou X, Yang Y, Fang H, Cui F, Yang X. An in-line method for high-throughput screening of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O inhibitors by capillary electrophoresis based on electrophoretically mediated microanalysis. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1713:464511. [PMID: 38007841 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) plays an important role in inflammation-related pathways and has become an emerging drug target. In this study, we developed an in-line capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the investigation of the enzymatic activity of PTPRO, which was based on electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA). After a thorough method validation of the optimized conditions, this protocol was successfully employed to determine the kinetics of PTPRO as well as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of two typical PTPRO inhibitors. The final results were consistent with the values obtained through classical ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. Our new method exhibited improved accuracy and reduced consumption, avoiding the disadvantages of traditional methods. This work provides a new strategy for PTPRO enzyme kinetic studies as well as inhibitory activity determination through capillary electrophoresis for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuben Hou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fei Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinying Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2021-mid-2023). Electrophoresis 2024; 45:165-198. [PMID: 37670208 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
This review article brings a comprehensive survey of developments and applications of high-performance capillary and microchip electromigration methods (zone electrophoresis in a free solution or in sieving media, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography) for analysis, micropreparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides in the period from 2021 up to ca. the middle of 2023. Progress in the study of electromigration properties of peptides and various aspects of their analysis, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, electroosmotic flow regulation, and detection, are presented. New developments in the particular capillary electromigration methods are demonstrated, and several types of their applications are reported. They cover qualitative and quantitative analysis of synthetic or isolated peptides and determination of peptides in complex biomatrices, peptide profiling of biofluids and tissues, and monitoring of chemical and enzymatic reactions and physicochemical changes of peptides. They include also amino acid and sequence analysis of peptides, peptide mapping of proteins, separation of stereoisomers of peptides, and their chiral analyses. In addition, micropreparative separations and physicochemical characterization of peptides and their interactions with other (bio)molecules by the above CE methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Casto-Boggess LD, Holland LA, Lawer-Yolar PA, Lucas JA, Guerrette JR. Microscale Quantification of the Inhibition of Neuraminidase Using Capillary Nanogel Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16151-16159. [PMID: 36343965 PMCID: PMC9686991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuraminidase inhibitors modulate infections that involve sialic acids, making quantitative analyses of this inhibitory effect important for selecting and designing potential therapeutics. An automated nanogel capillary electrophoresis system is developed that integrates a 5 nL enzyme inhibition reaction in line with a 5 min separation-based assay of the enzymatic product to quantify inhibition as the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and inhibitor constant (Ki). A neuraminidase enzyme from Clostridium perfringens is non-covalently immobilized in a thermally tunable nanogel positioned in the thermally controlled region of the capillary by increasing the capillary temperature to 37 °C. Aqueous inhibitor solutions are loaded into the capillary during the nanogel patterning step to surround the enzyme zone. The capillary electrophoresis separation provides a means to distinguish the de-sialylated product, enabling the use of sialyllactose which contains the trisaccharide motif observed on serine/threonine-linked (O-linked) glycans. A universal nanogel patterning scheme is developed that does not require pre-mixing of enzymes with inhibitors when an automated capillary electrophoresis instrument is used, thus reducing the consumption of enzymes and enabling adaption of the method to different inhibitors. The universal approach is successfully applied to two classical neuraminidase inhibitors with different electrophoretic mobilities. The IC50 and Ki values obtained for N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic acid (DANA) are 13 ± 3 and 5.0 ± 0.9 μM, respectively, and 28 ± 3 and 11 ± 1 μM, respectively, for Siastatin B. These values agree with literature reports and reflect the weaker inhibition anticipated for Siastatin B in comparison to DANA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Casto-Boggess
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26505, United States
| | - Lisa A Holland
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26505, United States
| | - Paul A Lawer-Yolar
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26505, United States
| | - John A Lucas
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26505, United States
| | - Jessica R Guerrette
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26505, United States
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Zhang Y, Zhao M, Wang CB, Wang Y, Nsanzamahoro S, Zhu LL, Wang WF, Yang JL. Screening prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 inhibitory activity of traditional Chinese medicine by CZE-UV. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1601-1610. [PMID: 35405037 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) is a key enzyme regulating the expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). Its inhibitors can improve the expression of HIF and downstream genes, which can treat hypoxia-related diseases. Therefore, the establishment of a reliable PHD2 inhibitors screening method is of great significance for the drug development of hypoxia-related diseases. In this work, an accurate, rapid, and simple screening method for PHD2 inhibitors was introduced by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). In order to improve the detection sensitivity, the derivative reaction of α-ketoglutaric acid (α-OG) and 1,2-diaminobenzene (OPD) was used to enhance the UV absorption of α-OG (the substrate in the enzymatic reaction). The CZE method selected 20 mM Na2 B4 O7 buffer (pH 9.0) as the separation buffer, +25 kV as the separation voltage, 25°C as the cartridge temperature, and 210 nm as the detection wavelength. Under this condition, the analysis of a single sample can be realized within 9 min. Compared with the existing reported methods, the present work can directly screen the PHD2 inhibitory activity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extracts, which is of significance for the target-purification of bioactive individual compounds from TCMs. Under the optimal conditions, the PHD2 inhibitor screening platform was successfully established, and it was found that 70% methanol/water extracts of Astragali Radix and Codonopsis pilosula had good PHD2 inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the present work provides a novel approach for screening the PHD2 inhibitory activity of TCM extracts and the discovery of anti-hypoxia bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Stanislas Nsanzamahoro
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhu
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, P. R. China
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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2019-mid 2021). Electrophoresis 2021; 43:82-108. [PMID: 34632606 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The review provides a comprehensive overview of developments and applications of high performance capillary and microchip electroseparation methods (zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography) for analysis, microscale isolation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides from 2019 up to approximately the middle of 2021. Advances in the investigation of electromigration properties of peptides and in the methodology of their analysis, such as sample preparation, sorption suppression, EOF control, and detection, are presented. New developments in the individual CE and CEC methods are demonstrated and several types of their applications are shown. They include qualitative and quantitative analysis, determination in complex biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatic reactions and physicochemical changes, amino acid, sequence, and chiral analyses, and peptide mapping of proteins. In addition, micropreparative separations and determination of significant physicochemical parameters of peptides by CE and CEC methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czechia
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