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Paes de Almeida V, Tolouei SEL, Minteguiaga M, Chaves DSDA, Heiden G, Khan SI, Trott J, Wang M, Dellacassa E, Raman V, Farago PV, Khan IA, Gasparotto Junior A, Manfron J. Chemical Profiles and Cytotoxic Activities of Essential Oils from Six Species of Baccharis Subgenus Coridifoliae (Asteraceae). Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300862. [PMID: 37647349 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Several Baccharis species are popularly known in traditional medicine as "carquejas", "vassouras", "ervas-santas" and "mio-mios", and are used as anti-inflammatories, digestives, and diuretics. This study aimed to investigate the chemical compositions and cytotoxic activities of essential oils (EOs) of six Baccharis species belonging to subgenus Coridifoliae, namely B. albilanosa, B. coridifolia, B. erigeroides, B. napaea, B. ochracea, and B. pluricapitulata. GC/MS analyses of the EOs showed that the oxygenated sesquiterpenes spathulenol (7.32-38.22 %) and caryophyllene oxide (10.83-16.75 %) were the major components for all the species. The EOs of almost all species were cytotoxic against cancer (BT-549, KB, SK-MEL and SK-OV-3) and normal kidney (VERO and LLC-PK1) cell lines, whereas B. erigeroides EO showed cytotoxicity only against LLC-PK1. This article augments the current knowledge about the chemical-biological properties of Baccharis subgenus Coridifoliae and discusses the therapeutic potentials of these economically unexploited plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter Paes de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Sara Emília Lima Tolouei
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Manuel Minteguiaga
- Espacio de Ciencia y Tecnología Química, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Aromas, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Gustavo Heiden
- Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Shabana Iqrar Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - John Trott
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Eduardo Dellacassa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Aromas, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Vijayasankar Raman
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Paulo Vitor Farago
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ikhlas Ahmed Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jane Manfron
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
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Ntemafack A, Kapoor N, Ali S, Jamwal VL, Hassan QP, Gandhi SG. Comprehensive Review of Endophytic Flora from African Medicinal Plants. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2860-98. [PMID: 34184112 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many people in different African countries are suffering from different diseases many of which result in serious life threat and public health problems with high risk of infection and mortality. Due to less accessibility and high cost of modern drugs, people of this continent often depend on traditional medicine using medicinal plants to manage the diseases. Africa has large tropical rain forests, which are very rich in medicinal plants. Many of them have been scientifically proven for their medicinal values. These medicinal plants which constitute a large repertoire of endophytes have not been significantly explored for the isolation of these microorganisms and their bioactive secondary metabolites. This review summarizes the research on endophytes isolated from medicinal plants of Africa, their pharmacological potential and some of their biotechnological aspects. Novel compounds reported from endophytes from Africa with their biological activities have also been reviewed. Information documented in this review might serve as starting point for future researches on endophytes in different African countries.
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Nabatanzi A, Nkadimeng SM, Lall N, Kabasa JD, McGaw LJ. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020:4352084. [PMID: 32655661 PMCID: PMC7317318 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4352084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Kigelia africana is used to manage inflammation among indigenous communities. We hypothesized that K. africana extracts contain phytoconstituents with good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The methanolic extract of K. africana fruits and Spathodea campanulata leaves (SPK04), K. africana aqueous fruit extract (KFM02), and K. africana acetone fruit extract (KFM05) were subjected to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ABTS radical scavenging assay, and the MTT cell viability assay was used for cytotoxicity. The extracts were preincubated with enzymes and assayed for 15-LOX and COX-2 enzyme activity using an ELISA method. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory effect of the extracts was evaluated and measurement of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was done using ELISA kits. SPK04 had the highest antioxidant activity with a mean inhibition of 99.37 ± 0.56% and an IC50 of 4.28 µg/mL. SPK04 and KFM05 did not inhibit 15-LOX as their IC50 values were >1000 μg/mL. All extracts were safe on Vero cells at the highest concentration (200 µg/mL) tested. KFM02 was the best inhibitor of NO production and had the highest cell viability at both the lowest (50 µg/mL) and highest concentrations (200 µg/mL). SPK04 was the best COX-2 inhibitor while KFM05 expressed the strongest suppression effect for IL-β and IL-6. KFM02 did not inhibit IL-6 at the highest concentration (200 µg/mL). The order of suppression of TNF-α by the extracts differed across concentrations, KFM05 > SPK04 > KFM02 at 200 µg/mL, KFM02 > SPK04 > KFM05 at 100 µg/mL, and SPK04 > KFM02 > KFM05 at 50 µg/mL. All the tested extracts had no inhibitory effect against IL-10. SPK04, KFM05, and KFM02 had good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and this supports their use as potential anti-inflammatory therapies. This study presents for the first time the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of K. africana and S. campanulata polyherbal extract. It is also among the very few studies that have reported the inhibitory effect of cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 by K. africana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Nabatanzi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala 00256, Uganda
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala 00256, Uganda
- Future Africa, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Sanah M. Nkadimeng
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
- College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - John D. Kabasa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala 00256, Uganda
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
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Félix R, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Félix C, Novais SC, Lemos MFL. Evaluating the In Vitro Potential of Natural Extracts to Protect Lipids from Oxidative Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E231. [PMID: 32168810 PMCID: PMC7139815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation is a chemical reaction known to have negative impacts on living organisms' health and on consumer products' quality and safety. Therefore, it has been the subject of extensive scientific research concerning the possibilities to reduce it, both in vivo and in nonliving organic matrices. It can be started by a variety of oxidants, by both ROS-dependent and -independent pathways, all of them reviewed in this document. Another feature of this reaction is the capacity of lipid peroxyl radicals to react with the non-oxidized lipids, propagating the reaction even in the absence of an external trigger. Due to these specificities of lipid peroxidation, regular antioxidant strategies-although being helpful in controlling oxidative triggers-are not tailored to tackle this challenge. Thus, more suited antioxidant compounds or technologies are required and sought after by researchers, either in the fields of medicine and physiology, or in product development and biotechnology. Despite the existence of several laboratory procedures associated with the study of lipid peroxidation, a methodology to perform bioprospecting of natural products to prevent lipid peroxidation (a Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory Potential assay, LPIP) is not yet well established. In this review, a critical look into the possibility of testing the capacity of natural products to inhibit lipid peroxidation is presented. In vitro systems used to peroxidize a lipid sample are also reviewed on the basis of lipid substrate origin, and, for each of them, procedural insights, oxidation initiation strategies, and lipid peroxidation extent monitoring are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Félix
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.V.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Carina Félix
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
| | - Sara C. Novais
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
| | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.C.N.); (M.F.L.L.)
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Menezes APS, Da Silva J, Rossato RR, Santos MS, Decker N, Da Silva FR, Cruz C, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, Ferraz ABF. Genotoxic and biochemical changes in Baccharis trimera induced by coal contamination. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 114:9-16. [PMID: 25590379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The processing and combustion of coal in thermal power plants release anthropogenic chemicals into the environment. Baccharis trimera is a common plant used in folk medicine that grows readily in soils degraded by coal mining activities. This shrub bioaccumulates metals released into the environment, and thus its consumption may be harmful to health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity (DPPH), genotoxic (comet assay) and mutagenic potential (CBMN-cyt) in V79 cells of B. trimera aqueous extracts in the coal-mining region of Candiota (Bt-AEC), and in Bagé, a city that does not experience the effects of exposure to coal (Bt-AEB, a reference site). In the comet assay, only Bt-AEC was genotoxic at the highest doses (0.8mg/mL and 1.6mg/mL), compared to the control. For extracts from both areas, mutagenic effects were observed at higher concentrations compared to the control. The cell damage parameters were significantly high in both extracts; however, more striking values were observed for Bt-AEC, up to the dose of 0.8mg/mL. In chemical analysis, no variation was observed in the contents of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, neither the antioxidant activity, which may suggest that DNA damage observed in V79 cells was induced by the presence of coal contaminants absorbed by the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P S Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Região da Campanha (URCAMP), Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J Da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil.
| | - R R Rossato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Região da Campanha (URCAMP), Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M S Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - N Decker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - F R Da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - C Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - R R Dihl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - M Lehmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - A B F Ferraz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada a Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil.
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Cariddi L, Escobar F, Sabini C, Torres C, Reinoso E, Cristofolini A, Comini L, Núñez Montoya S, Sabini L. Apoptosis and mutagenicity induction by a characterized aqueous extract of Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) on normal cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 50:155-61. [PMID: 22107990 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study we have demonstrated that cold aqueous extract of Baccharis articulata (Ba-CAE) induced the death of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and exerted low mutagenic effects on mice at 6h after administration. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the PBMCs death induced by Ba-CAE is due to apoptosis, and whether this extract exerts mutagenic effects on mice at 24 and 48h after administration. In addition, Ba-CAE was chemically characterized. PBMCs from healthy volunteers were exposed to extract (10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640 and 1280μg/mL) for 18-24h. Cell viability was determined by staining of trypan blue dye exclusion method. Apoptosis was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining, TUNEL, and DNA fragmentation analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis. BALB/c mice were injected with extract (1800, 900 and 450mg/kg) and sacrificed at 24 and 48h postinjection. Bone marrow samples were used to assess chromosome mutations by the micronucleus test. The extract induced PBMCs death by apoptosis and increased the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow. The phytochemical study of Ba-CAE showed the presence of flavones as luteolin and acacetin, caffeoylquinic acids as chlorogenic acid, and tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cariddi
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Abstract
Many developing countries including Cameroon have mortality patterns that reflect high levels of infectious diseases and the risk of death during pregnancy and childbirth, in addition to cancers, cardiovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases that account for most deaths in the developed world. Several medicinal plants are used traditionally for their treatment. In this review, plants used in Cameroonian traditional medicine with evidence for the activities of their crude extracts and/or derived products have been discussed. A considerable number of plant extracts and isolated compounds possess significant antimicrobial, anti-parasitic including antimalarial, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, and antioxidant effects. Most of the biologically active compounds belong to terpenoids, phenolics, and alkaloids. Terpenoids from Cameroonian plants showed best activities as anti-parasitic, but rather poor antimicrobial effects. The best antimicrobial, anti-proliferative, and antioxidant compounds were phenolics. In conclusion, many medicinal plants traditionally used in Cameroon to treat various ailments displayed good activities in vitro. This explains the endeavor of Cameroonian research institutes in drug discovery from indigenous medicinal plants. However, much work is still to be done to standardize methodologies and to study the mechanisms of action of isolated natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of DschangDschang, Cameroon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of MainzMainz, Germany
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Paul EL, Lunardelli A, Caberlon E, de Oliveira CB, Santos RCV, Biolchi V, Bastos CMA, Moreira KB, Nunes FB, Gosmann G, de Oliveira JR. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of Baccharis trimera aqueous extract on induced pleurisy in rats and lymphoproliferation in vitro. Inflammation 2010; 32:419-25. [PMID: 19756999 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-009-9151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Baccharis trimera is a widespread South American plant known as "carqueja". Medicinal teas prepared from the aerial parts of this plant are used in folk medicine in cases of liver diseases and inflammatory processes. We evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of B. trimera in the experimental inflammatory model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rat. The injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity induces an influx of cells and fluid accumulation with a large number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and increase of protein levels. The inflammation parameters were attenuated when B. trimera (400 and 800 mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated 30 min before the carrageenan. The immunomodulatory effects were evaluated in vitro on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The extract in concentration of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL presented inhibited the T-lymphocytes proliferation stimulated by phytohemagglutinin, but these extract concentrations also presented cytotoxic effect. These results showed that the aqueous extract of B. trimera has anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisiane Lozza Paul
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Kurdelas RR, Lima B, Tapia A, Egly Feresin G, Gonzalez Sierra M, Rodríguez MV, Zacchino S, Enriz RD, Freile ML. Antifungal activity of extracts and prenylated coumarins isolated from Baccharis darwinii Hook & Arn. (Asteraceae). Molecules 2010; 15:4898-907. [PMID: 20657398 PMCID: PMC6257657 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15074898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The petroleum ether extract of Baccharis darwinii showed activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytes. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of Baccharis darwinii has resulted in the isolation of three coumarins: 5'-hydroxy aurapten (anisocoumarin H, 1), aurapten (7-geranyloxycoumarin, 2) and 5'-oxoaurapten (diversinin, 3). The structures of these compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. These compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobialactivity against a panel of each, bacteria and fungi. Compound 3 showed the best activities against Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes with MICs = 15.6 microg/mL, followed by compound 1 whose MICs against the same fungi were 62.5 microg/mL. In addition they showed fungicidal rather than fungistatic activity. Both compounds showed moderate activity (MICs = 125 microg/mL) against Cryptococcus neoformans. This is the first report of the presence of compound 1 in B. darwinii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita R. Kurdelas
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales Patagónicos (LAPRONAP), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Km 4, CP 9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina; E-Mail: (R.R.K.)
| | - Beatriz Lima
- Instituto de Biotecnología - Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), CP5400, San Juan, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.T.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
| | - Alejandro Tapia
- Instituto de Biotecnología - Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), CP5400, San Juan, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.T.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
| | - Gabriela Egly Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología - Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (O), CP5400, San Juan, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.T.); (B.L.); (G.E.F.)
| | - Manuel Gonzalez Sierra
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, CP2000, Rosario, Argentina; E-Mail: (S.Z.)
| | - María Victoria Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, CP2000, Rosario, Argentina; E-Mail: (S.Z.)
| | - Susana Zacchino
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Farmacognosia y Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, CP2000, Rosario, Argentina; E-Mail: (S.Z.)
| | - Ricardo D. Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, CP5700, San Luis, Argentina; E-Mail: (R.D.E.)
| | - Monica L. Freile
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales Patagónicos (LAPRONAP), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Km 4, CP 9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina; E-Mail: (R.R.K.)
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Simonsen HT, Riedel C, Gade LB, Jebjerg CP, Guzman A, Mølgaard P. Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil ofBaccharis magellanica(Lam.) Pers. andBaccharis elaeoidesRemy From Chile. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2009.9700196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Budel JM, Duarte MDR. Análise morfoanatômica comparativa de duas espécies de carqueja: Baccharis microcephala DC. e B. trimera (Less.) DC., Asteraceae. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502009000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A identificação de espécies de Baccharis que são constituídas de cladódios, ou seja, caules alados, apresenta dificuldades até mesmo para especialistas em taxonomia vegetal. Baccharis microcephala e B. trimera pertencem ao grupo Trimera e são conhecidas vulgarmente como carquejas. Na medicina popular, é comum o uso de espécies aladas para a aplicação terapêutica como diurético, hepatoprotetor e digestivo. Baccharis trimera consta na F. Bras. IV e possui atividades antiinflamatória, analgésica, bacteriostática, bactericida e antidiabética. As espécies B. trimera e B. microcephala são freqüentemente confundidas e utilizadas pela população para as mesmas finalidades terapêuticas. Objetivou-se estudar a morfologia externa e a anatomia dos cladódios dessas espécies, com a finalidade de se obterem dados que auxiliem na diferenciação e conseqüentemente na identificação das mesmas, contribuindo para o controle de qualidade de fitoterápicos, além de auxiliar na caracterização do grupo taxonômico. O material botânico foi submetido às microtécnicas fotônica e eletrônica de varredura usuais. As duas espécies são trialadas, sendo que em B. microcephala as alas são estreitas, praticamente contínuas em toda a extensão caulinar, enquanto que em B. trimera as alas são mais largas e interrompidas. As características morfológicas permitem a diferenciação dessas duas espécies, principalmente os tricomas tectores.
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Abstract
Water and methanol extracts from roots of Ozoroa paniculosa (Anarcardiaceae); seeds of Colophospermum mopane (Caesalpiniaceae) and Cucumis metuliferus (Cucurbitaceae) ripe fruits were assessed for in vitro antioxidant activity. Free radical scavenging activity was measured spectrophotometrically as maximum fading power of DPPH at 525 nm. Water and methanol extracts of Ozoroa paniculosa exhibited higher scavenging potency than extracts of either Colophospermum mopane or Cucumis metuliferus at all tested concentrations. None of the extracts from Cucumis metuliferus exhibited any recognizable free radical scavenging activity. Above 50 microg mL(-1) both water and methanol extracts of Ozoroa paniculosa exhibited 91% scavenging activity similar to the control compounds L-ascorbic acid (91%) and (-) epicatechin (92%). Between 50-100 microg mL(-1), water and methanol extracts of Colophospermum mopane exhibited scavenging potency of < or = 70%. However, above 100 microg mL(-1), both water and methanolic extracts of C. mopane exhibited scavenging activity > 70%. Chloroform extracts of all the tested plants showed poor scavenging activity (< 30%). The order of scavenging potency for the tested samples was as follows: L-ascorbic acid > or = epicatechin > O. paniculosa (methanolic extract) > O. paniculosa (water extract) > O. paniculosa (ethylacetate extract) > C. mopane (methanolic extract) > C. mopane (water extract) > all extracts of C. metuliferus. These findings lend credence to the use of these plants as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M T Motlhanka
- Medicinal Plant Research Laboratories, Department of Basic Sciences, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, Botswana
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Resende FA, Alves JM, Munari CC, Senedese JM, Sousa JPB, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Inhibition of doxorubicin-induced mutagenicity by Baccharis dracunculifolia. Mutat Res 2007; 634:112-8. [PMID: 17689136 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae), a native plant from Brazil, have been used as an antipyretic, stomachic and health tonic in Brazil. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential mutagenic effect of B. dracunculifolia ethyl acetate extract (Bd-EAE) and its influence on the mutagenicity induced by the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DXR) using the rat bone marrow and peripheral blood micronucleus test. Wistar rats were divided into 10 treatment groups. Five groups received DXR (90 mg/kg body weight, b.w., intraperitoneally) to induce mutagenicity and three of these groups received a single oral dose of Bd-EAE at a concentration of 6, 12 or 24 mg/kg b.w. prior to DXR administration. A vehicle-treated control group and Bd-EAE control groups were also included. The results showed that Bd-EAE itself was not mutagenic, in the rat micronucleus assay. In animals treated with Bd-EAE and DXR, the number of MNPCEs was significantly decreased compared to animals receiving DXR alone. HPLC analysis of the extract obtained permitted the identification of the following phenolic compounds: caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, aromadendrin-4'O-methyl ether, 3-prenyl-p-coumaric acid (drupanin), 3,5-diprenyl-p-coumaric acid (artepillin C) and baccharin. The putative antioxidant activity or the interference of one or more of the active compounds of Bd-EAE with mutagenic metabolic pathways may explain its effect on DXR mutagenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Aparecida Resende
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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Iwalewa EO, Adewunmi CO, Omisore NOA, Adebanji OA, Azike CK, Adigun AO, Adesina OA, Olowoyo OG. Pro- and Antioxidant Effects and Cytoprotective Potentials of Nine Edible Vegetables in Southwest Nigeria. J Med Food 2005; 8:539-44. [PMID: 16379569 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2005.8.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of boiled, cold, and methanolic extracts of nine edible vegetables in Southwest Nigeria were evaluated in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical assay and hemagglutination assay in bovine erythrocytes, respectively. Crassocephalum rubens showed the highest antioxidant activity (56.5%), Solanum americanum and Vernonia amygdalina exhibited moderate antioxidant activity (26.0-37.5% and 14.8-36.2%, respectively), Solanum macrocarpon, Telfaria occidentalis, Amaranthus hybridus, and Jatropha tanjorensis produced weak activity (1.6-15.8%, 1.6-7.7%, 2.8-6.62%, and 10.7-12.1%, respectively), while Celosia argentea and Talinum triangulare were pro-oxidants. It was also shown that extracts from all the vegetables are pro-oxidants at high concentrations of either 1 or 5 mg/mL or both. On the other hand, the studies on the cytoprotective effect showed that all the plant extracts demonstrated a very low hemagglutination titer value between 0.32 and 5.56 except S. americanum methanolic extract, which had a titer of 50.0. These results indicated correlation between the antioxidant properties and the hemagglutination values of these plant extracts; however, the membrane stabilizing capacity of the extracts supports the plants' antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Iwalewa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Mello LD, Hernandez S, Marrazza G, Mascini M, Kubota LT. Investigations of the antioxidant properties of plant extracts using a DNA-electrochemical biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 21:1374-82. [PMID: 16002275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2004] [Revised: 05/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/25/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the results of a method based on an electrochemical biosensor to detect DNA damage in vitro for the evaluation of the antioxidant properties of plant extracts are reported. The biosensor consisted of a dsDNA immobilized on a screen-printed electrode surface (SPE). DNA damage was promoted by the generation of the *OH radicals via Fenton-type reaction. The interaction of the radical species with immobilised DNA in the absence and presence of antioxidants was evaluated by means of changes in the guanine oxidation peak obtained by square wave voltammetry. The results demonstrated that the DNA-based biosensor is suitable as a rapid screening test for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilene Dornelles Mello
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Omisore NOA, Adewunmi CO, Iwalewa EO, Ngadjui BT, Adenowo TK, Abegaz BM, Ojewole JA, Watchueng J. Antitrichomonal and antioxidant activities of Dorstenia barteri and Dorstenia convexa. Braz J Med Biol Res 2005; 38:1087-94. [PMID: 16007280 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2005000700012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dorstenia barteri and D. convexa extracts and some isolated components of the former were investigated for effectiveness against Trichomonas gallinarum and compared with quercetin and quercitrin. The antioxidant activity of the extracts/compounds was also determined. The minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) for the extract of D. barteri leaves and twigs at 24 h were found to be 15.625 and 15.625 microg/ml, respectively. However, the MLCs of the leaf and twig extract of D. convexa were 125 and 437.5 microg/ml, respectively. The prenylated and geranylated chalcones were as active as the prenylated flavones, 6-prenylapigenin and the diprenylated derivative 6,8-diprenyleridictyol. The order of the antitrichomonal activity of the compounds at 24 h was: quercetin (0.121 microg/ml) > quercitrin (0.244 microg/ml) > or = bartericin B (0.244 microg/ml) > bartericin A (0.73 microg/ml) > stigmasterol (0.98 microg/ml) > 6,8-diprenyleridictyol = isobavachalcone = dorsmanin F (31.25 microg/ml). D. barteri extracts, quercitrin, and bartericin A, and the prenylated flavonoids had potent antioxidant properties. The twig extract of D. barteri was more potent than the leaf extract. Moderate (EC50 >50 microg/ml) and high (EC50 <50 microg/ml) antioxidant activities were detected in the leaf and twig extracts of D. barteri and the prenylated flavonoids. Prenylated flavonoids and the isolated compounds with antioxidant properties described here may account for the anti-inflammatory action of these extracts. The antitrichomonal and antioxidant activities shown by the extracts and compounds in this study are consistent with the ethnomedicinal and local use of the Dorstenia species studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O A Omisore
- Drug Research and Production Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Xue CX, Zhang XY, Liu MC, Hu ZD, Fan BT. Study of probabilistic neural networks to classify the active compounds in medicinal plants. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 38:497-507. [PMID: 15925251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) were utilized for the classifications of 102 active compounds from diverse medicinal plants with anticancer activity against human rhinopharyngocele cell line KB. Molecular descriptors calculated from structure alone were used to represent molecular structures. A subset of the calculated descriptors selected using factor correlation analysis and forward stepwise regression was used to construct the prediction models. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was also utilized to construct the classification model to compare the results with those obtained by PNNs. The accuracy of the training set, the cross-validation set, and the test set given by PNNs and LDA were 100, 92.3, 90.9% and 71.8, 92.3, 54.5%, respectively, which indicated that the results obtained by PNNs agree well with the experimental values of these compounds and also revealed the superiority of PNNs over LDA approach for the classification of anticancer activities of compounds. The models built in this work would be of potential help in the design of novel and more potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 73000, PR China
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Martinez MJA, Bessa AL, Benito PB. Biologically Active Substances from the Genus Baccharis L. (Compositae). Bioactive Natural Products (Part K) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Omisore NOA, Adewunmi CO, Iwalewa EO, Ngadjui BT, Watchueng J, Abegaz BM, Ojewole JAO. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Dorstenia barteri (Moraceae) leaf and twig extracts in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95:7-12. [PMID: 15374600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2003] [Revised: 05/19/2004] [Accepted: 05/26/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf and twig extracts of Dorstenia barteri (Moraceae) in mice. Both the leaf and twig extracts of Dorstenia barteri at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg showed significant (P < 0.05-0.01) antinociceptive activities in chemical-, mechanical- and thermal-induced pain test models. Intraperitoneal administration of the plant extracts at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.05-0.01) inhibited carrageenin-induced acute inflammation in oedema paw weight, pulmonary oedema and number of pleural leucocytes in a dose-dependent way. The twig extract was found to be more active than the leaf extract in all the experimental models used. The inhibitory effects of the plant extracts were comparable to those of the reference drugs acetylsalicyclic acid (ASA) and phenylbutazone (PBZ) at 100 mg/kg i.p. The significant reduction in acetic acid-induced abdominal contractions, the decrease in oedema paw weight as well as in the number of leucocytes in the pleural cavity exudates, and the significant increase in the reaction time and pain threshold of mice observed in this study suggest that Dorstenia barteri extracts possess both anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. The present study, therefore, lend pharmacological support to the folkloric uses of Dorstenia barteri extracts in the treatment, control and/or management of arthritis, rheumatism, gout, headache and other forms of body pains in some parts of Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O A Omisore
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Parejo I, Viladomat F, Bastida J, Rosas-Romero A, Saavedra G, Murcia MA, Jiménez AM, Codina C. Investigation of Bolivian plant extracts for their radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity. Life Sci 2003; 73:1667-81. [PMID: 12875899 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-four different extracts of nine Bolivian plants belonging to the family Asteraceae were evaluated for their radical scavenging activity by the DPPH*, NBT/hypoxanthine superoxide, and (*)OH/luminol chemiluminescence methods, and for their antioxidant activity by the beta-carotene bleaching test. The total phenolic content was also determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the oxidative stability by the Rancimat test. Both remarkably high phenolic content and radical scavenging and antioxidant activities were found mainly in the ethyl acetate fractions among the different plant extracts. Some ethyl acetate and even some defatted crude extracts exhibited activities comparable to those of commercial extracts/compounds, thus making it possible to consider some of the studied plants as a potential source of antioxidants of natural origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Parejo
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
The antioxidant and antihepatotoxic activities of a wood inhabiting macrofungus, Phellinus rimosus were studied. The superoxide anion scavenging, Fe(2+)-ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation inhibiting, hydroxyl radical scavenging and nitric oxide scavenging activities of the ethyl acetate extract were determined. The results indicated that ethyl acetate extract of P. rimosus exhibited significant in vitro antioxidant activity. The ethyl acetate extract of P. rimosus also showed potent antihepatotoxic activity against carbontetrachloride-induced acute toxicity in rat liver. The amelioration of liver toxicity by the ethyl acetate extract was evident from its significant effect on the levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The results suggest that hepatoprotective effect of P. rimosus is possibly related to the free radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Ajith
- Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Trichur 680 553, Kerala, India
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Mans DR, da Rocha AB, Schwartsmann G. Anti-cancer drug discovery and development in Brazil: targeted plant collection as a rational strategy to acquire candidate anti-cancer compounds. Oncologist 2000; 5:185-98. [PMID: 10884497 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.5-3-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout medical history, plant products have been shown to be valuable sources of novel anti-cancer drugs. Examples are the VINCA: alkaloids, the taxanes, and the camptothecins, derived from the Madagscan periwinkle plant Catharantus roseus, the Pacific yew Taxus brevifolia, and the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, respectively. For this reason, the South-American Office for Anti-Cancer Drug Development has implemented a large-scale project of acquisition and testing of compounds isolated from South American medicinal plants. The species are selected on the basis of a potentially useful phytochemical composition by consulting ethnopharmacological, chemosystemic, and ecological information. The collected samples are dried and first extracted with an organic solvent, then with distilled water. These crude extracts are evaluated at a concentration of 50 microg/ml for antiproliferative activity against one cell line. Extracts that significantly inhibit the growth of the cells (>/=50%) at relatively low concentrations (</=50 microg/ml) are submitted to the more comprehensive disease-oriented screen of the U.S. National Cancer Institute. In parallel, these samples are further purified by bioassay-guided purification, involving repeated fractionation by diverse chromatography methods. If the active substance is expected to represent a novel structure, it is identified by appropriate chemical techniques, mechanistic studies are performed with a wide diversity of tumor models and laboratory techniques, and efforts are undertaken for the synthesis of potentially more useful analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Mans
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CINCAN), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Desmarchelier C, Ciccia G, Coussio J. Recent Advances in the Search for Antioxidant Activity in South American Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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