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Pallotta MM, Di Nardo M, Hennekam RCM, Kaiser FJ, Parenti I, Pié J, Ramos FJ, Kline AD, Musio A. Cornelia de Lange syndrome and cancer: An open question. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:292-295. [PMID: 36253936 PMCID: PMC10092277 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Pallotta
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Di Nardo
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Essen Center for Rare Diseases (Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen, EZSE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ilaria Parenti
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Juan Pié
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Feliciano J Ramos
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Unit, Service of Paediatrics, University Hospital "Lozano Blesa", University of Zaragoza, CIBERER GCV02 and ISS-Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonio Musio
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
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Avagliano L, Grazioli P, Mariani M, Bulfamante GP, Selicorni A, Massa V. Integrating molecular and structural findings: Wnt as a possible actor in shaping cognitive impairment in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2017; 12:174. [PMID: 29162129 PMCID: PMC5696803 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-017-0723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a choesinopathy: a severe genetic disorder caused by mutations in the cohesin complex genes. The phenotype is characterized by typical facial dysmorphism, growth impairment and multiorgan abnormalities including brain alterations. Wnt pathway is known to play a fundamental role in central nervous system development and it has been shown that Wnt pathway is disrupted in CdLS animal models and patients cells. In this review we investigate the possible link between Wnt pathway disruption and brain abnormalities in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome as such molecular impairment could lead to an abnormal embryonic development resulting in brain abnormalities (i.e. microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, abnormal cortical development) in patients with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Avagliano
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Grazioli
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano P Bulfamante
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Massa
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School University of Milan, Via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
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Santoro C, Apicella A, Casale F, La Manna A, Di Martino M, Di Pinto D, Indolfi C, Perrotta S. Unusual association of non-anaplastic Wilms tumor and Cornelia de Lange syndrome: case report. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:365. [PMID: 27291393 PMCID: PMC4904356 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cornelia de Lange syndrome is the prototype for cohesinopathy disorders, which are characterized by defects in chromosome segregation. Kidney malformations, including nephrogenic rests, are common in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Only one post-mortem case report has described an association between Wilms tumor and Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Here, we describe the first case of a living child with both diseases. Case presentation Non-anaplastic triphasic nephroblastoma was diagnosed in a patient carrying a not yet reported mutation in NIPBL (c.4920 G > A). The patient had the typical facial appearance and intellectual disability associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome in absence of limb involvement. The child’s kidneys were examined by ultrasound at 2 years of age to exclude kidney abnormalities associated with the syndrome. She underwent pre-operative chemotherapy and nephrectomy. Seven months later she was healthy and without residual detectable disease. Conclusion The previous report of such co-occurrence, together with our report and previous reports of nephrogenic rests, led us to wonder if there may be any causal relationship between these two rare entities. The wingless/integrated (Wnt) pathway, which is implicated in kidney development, is constitutively activated in approximately 15–20 % of all non-anaplastic Wilms tumors. Interestingly, the Wnt pathway was recently found to be perturbed in a zebrafish model of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Mutations in cohesin complex genes and regulators have also been identified in several types of cancers. On the other hand, there is no clear evidence of an increased risk of cancer in Cornelia de Lange syndrome, and no other similar cases have been published since the fist one reported by Cohen, and this prompts to think Wilms tumor and Cornelia de Lange syndrome occurred together in our patient by chance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Santoro
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Andrea Apicella
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Fiorina Casale
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Angela La Manna
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Martina Di Martino
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Pinto
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Cristiana Indolfi
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Silverio Perrotta
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 4, Naples, 80138, Italy.
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Neuroimaging features of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Pediatr Radiol 2015; 45:1198-205. [PMID: 25701113 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-015-3300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by distinctive facial dysmorphia and dwarfism. Multiple organ system involvement is typical. Various central nervous system (CNS) aberrations have been described in the pathology literature; however, the spectrum of neuroimaging manifestations is less well documented. OBJECTIVE To present neuroimaging findings from a series of eight patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CT/MR database at a single academic children's hospital was searched for the terms "Cornelia," "Brachmann" and "de Lange." The search yielded 18 exams from 16 patients. Two non-CNS and six exams without available images were excluded. Ten exams from eight patients were evaluated by a board-certified neuroradiologist. RESULTS All patients had skull base dysplasia, most with an unusual coronal basioccipital cleft (7/8). All brain MR exams showed microcephaly, volume loss and gyral simplification (5/5). Six patients had an absent massa intermedia. Four patients had small globe anterior segments; three had optic pathway hypoplasia. Basilar artery fenestration was present in two patients; vertebrobasilar hypoplasia was present in one patient. The inner ear vestibules were dysplastic in two patients. One patient had pachymeningeal thickening. Spinal anomalies included scoliosis, segmentation anomalies, endplate irregularities, basilar invagination, foramen magnum stenosis and tethered spinal cord. CONCLUSION Typical imaging manifestations of Cornelia de Lange syndrome include skull base dysplasia with coronal clival cleft, cerebral and brainstem volume loss, and gyral simplification. Membranous labyrinth dysplasia, anterior segment and optic pathway hypoplasia, basilar artery fenestration, absent massa intermedia and spinal anomalies may also be present.
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de León FCP, Gordillo-Domínguez LF, González-Carranza V, Torres-García S, García-Delgado C, Sánchez-Boiso A, Arenas-Huertero F, Perezpeña-Diazconti M, Eguía-Aguilar P, Baqueiro-Hernández C, Buenrostro-Márquez G, Martínez-Rodríguez S, Dhellemmes P, Castro-Sierra E. Brachmann-Cornelia de Lange syndrome with a papilloma of the choroid plexus: analyses of molecular genetic characteristics of the patient and the tumor. A single-case study. Childs Nerv Syst 2015; 31:141-6. [PMID: 25064129 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-014-2504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A 10-month-old girl with a Brachmann-Cornelia de Lange syndrome and a choroid plexus papilloma of the brain was studied at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG) in Mexico City. METHODS AND RESULTS Presumptive papilloma of the third ventricle was evidenced on CT and MR images and removed. Pathological analysis confirmed its origin. A posterior radiosurgery was required due to a tumor relapse. Karyotypes (GTG bands) of the patient and her parents undertaken at HIMFG were normal. Array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) analyses of blood DNA of the patient and her parents carried out at BlueGnome's Laboratory in Cambridge, UK, set in evidence amplification of genes SPNS2, GGT6, SMTNL2, PELP1, MYBBP1A, and ALOX15 in chromosome 17p of the patient. Since MYBBP1A is a proto-oncogene and ALOX15 participates in the development of cancer and metastases of tumors, further fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses of these two genes were implemented at HIMFG. Amplification of the two genes was found in the tumor of the case under study but not in an unrelated papilloma of the choroid plexus. DISCUSSION Further analyses of the association of choroid plexus papillomas with disorders of psycho-neural development and its relationship to molecular genetic modifications at chromosome 17p are now under way at HIMFG.
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Oliveira J, Dias C, Redeker E, Costa E, Silva J, Reis Lima M, den Dunnen JT, Santos R. Development of NIPBL locus-specific database using LOVD: from novel mutations to further genotype-phenotype correlations in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:1216-22. [PMID: 20824775 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of Locus Specific Databases (LSDB) is a crucial aspect for the Human Genetics field and one of the aims of the Human Variation Project. We report the development of a publicly accessible LSDB for the NIPBL gene (http://www.lovd.nl/NIPBL) implicated in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS). This rare disorder is characterized by developmental and growth retardation, typical facial features, limb anomalies, and multiple organ involvement. Mutations in the NIPBL gene, the product of which is involved in control of the cohesion complex, account for over half of the patients currently characterized. The NIPBL LSDB adopted the Leiden Open Variation database (LOVD) software platform, which enables the comprehensive Web-based listing and curation of sequence variations and associated phenotypical information. The NIPBL-LOVD database contains 199 unique mutations reported in 246 patients (last accessed April 2010). Information on phenotypic characteristics included in the database enabled further genotype-phenotype correlations, the most evident being the severe form of CdLS associated with premature termination codons in the NIPBL gene. In addition to the NIPBL LSDB, 50 novel mutations are described in detail, resulting from a collaborative multicenter study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Oliveira
- Unidade de Genética Molecular, Centro de Genética Médica Dr. Jacinto Magalhães, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
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Denes V, Pilichowska M, Makarovskiy A, Carpinito G, Geck P. Loss of a cohesin-linked suppressor APRIN (Pds5b) disrupts stem cell programs in embryonal carcinoma: an emerging cohesin role in tumor suppression. Oncogene 2010; 29:3446-52. [PMID: 20383194 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cohesins appear to have critical functions beyond mitotic cohesion. Our data on a cohesin-associated Pds5-paralog, APRIN, indicate a novel cohesin role in stem cell differentiation. APRIN/Pds5B is lost in many cancers and it is a putative tumor suppressor. Its mutations in the germ line, however, generate birth defects. We reasoned that as both cancer and birth defects share disrupted stem cell differentiation, the data suggest an APRIN/Pds5B cohesin function in stem cells. We used an embryonal carcinoma stem cell model and show here that (i) APRIN expression is precisely coordinated with stem cell differentiation; (ii) this coordination involves surface-contact and endocrine pathways; and (iii) APRIN/Pds5b coordination is critical in stem/progenitor exit decisions. APRIN knockdown disrupted Oct4, Nanog and SOX2 patterns, differentiation failed and the resulting immature proliferative cells did not progress beyond proneural progenitor phase. Furthermore, the phenotype-blocked progenitor exit (Mash-1(+)); failed E-cadherin exit (E-Cadh(low+)); incomplete N-cadherin transition (N-Cadh(low+)); retained proliferative capacity (c-myc(+)); irregular stemness (SOX2(late++)) and lost response to contact and hormonal cues-shares similarities with cancer-initiating cells. The data suggest novel APRIN/Pds5B-linked cohesin roles in stem/progenitor programs and a new mechanism in tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Denes
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Schiffer C, Schiesser M, Lehr J, Tariverdian G, Glaeser D, Gabriel H, Mikuz G, Sergi C. Unique occurrence of Brachmann-de Lange syndrome in a fetus whose mother presented with a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2007; 13:255-9. [PMID: 17922056 DOI: 10.1007/bf02893507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Brachmann-De Lange Syndrome (BDLS, MIM 122470) is a rare multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome characterized by a variable phenotype including intrauterine fetal growth retardation, limb reduction and distinctive facial and skull features (low frontal hairline, synophrys, anteverted nostrils, long philtrum, downturned corners of the mouth, micro- and retrognathia, low-set ears and micro-/brachycephaly), as well as a significant psychological developmental delay. A proposed classification system for BDLS include a classic type with characteristic facial and skull changes, a mild type where similar changes may develop with time or may be partially expressed, and a third type including phenocopies, where phenotypic changes are casually related to chromosomal aneuploidies or teratogenic exposures. We report on a 22-week gestation fetus with BDLS, showing intrauterine fetal growth retardation, brachycephaly, micro-/retrognathia and monolateral single bone of the forearm, in a woman harboring diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Meticulous family history was negative for malformations, syndromes, congenital anomalies or psychiatric disorders. There are very few reports of BDLS at early gestation, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case occurring simultaneously with a hematological neoplastic disease of the mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Schiffer
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Mannheim, Germany
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Vrouwe MG, Elghalbzouri-Maghrani E, Meijers M, Schouten P, Godthelp BC, Bhuiyan ZA, Redeker EJ, Mannens MM, Mullenders LHF, Pastink A, Darroudi F. Increased DNA damage sensitivity of Cornelia de Lange syndrome cells: evidence for impaired recombinational repair. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 16:1478-87. [PMID: 17468178 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare dominantly inherited multisystem disorder affecting both physical and mental development. Heterozygous mutations in the NIPBL gene were found in about half of CdLS cases. Scc2, the fungal ortholog of the NIPBL gene product, is essential for establishing sister chromatid cohesion. In yeast, the absence of cohesion leads to chromosome mis-segregation and defective repair of DNA double-strand breaks. To evaluate possible DNA repair defects in CdLS cells, we characterized the cellular responses to DNA-damaging agents. We show that cells derived from CdLS patients, both with and without detectable NIPBL mutations, have an increased sensitivity for mitomycin C (MMC). Exposure of CdLS fibroblast and B-lymphoblastoid cells to MMC leads to enhanced cell killing and reduced proliferation and, in the case of primary fibroblasts, an increased number of chromosomal aberrations. After X-ray exposure increased numbers of chromosomal aberrations were also detected, but only in cells irradiated in the G(2)-phase of the cell cycle when repair of double-strand breaks is dependent on the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. Repair at the G(1) stage is not affected in CdLS cells. Our studies indicate that CdLS cells have a reduced capacity to tolerate DNA damage, presumably as a result of reduced DNA repair through homologous recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa G Vrouwe
- Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone S-6-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden
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Kousseff BG, Thomson-Meares J, Newkirk P, Root AW. Physical growth in Brachmann-de Lange syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1993; 47:1050-2. [PMID: 8291522 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320470723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Growth in 30 patients with Brachmann-de Lange syndrome (BDLS) was evaluated and found to be deficient in 27/30, with 17/27 having intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). In 12/27 patients, endocrine evaluations have been completed. Seven of 12 were normal and 4/12, one with empty sella, had "classical" growth hormone deficiency with extreme short stature, markedly delayed skeletal maturation and subnormal growth hormone secretion in response to provocative stimuli. One of 12 patients had discordance between insulin growth factor I levels and growth hormone responses to insulin and clonidine suggestive of end organ resistance to growth hormone. It appears that the hypothalamic-pituitary function is compromised in at least some BDLS patients. Thus, endocrine evaluations are warranted for the patients with short stature.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Kousseff
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of South Florida Medical Center, Tampa
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Maruiwa M, Nakamura Y, Motomura K, Murakami T, Kojiro M, Kato M, Morimatsu M, Fukuda S, Hashimoto T. Cornelia de Lange syndrome associated with Wilms' tumour and infantile haemangioendothelioma of the liver: report of two autopsy cases. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1988; 413:463-8. [PMID: 2845644 DOI: 10.1007/bf00716995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two cases of Cornelia de Lange syndrome associated with infantile haemangioendothelioma of the liver and Wilms' tumour are reported. The patients showed the characteristic facies of the Cornelia de Lange syndrome, with synophrys, long curly eyelashes and small upturned nose, and physical features, including generalized hirsutism, monodactyly, syndactyly and clinodactyly. Post-mortem examination revealed annular pancreas, patency of the foramen ovale, duodenal atresia and evidence of cytomegalic infection. The cases are reported to document a possible association between malformations and neoplasms in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maruiwa
- First Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
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