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Umumararungu T, Nkuranga JB, Habarurema G, Nyandwi JB, Mukazayire MJ, Mukiza J, Muganga R, Hahirwa I, Mpenda M, Katembezi AN, Olawode EO, Kayitare E, Kayumba PC. Recent developments in antimalarial drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 88-89:117339. [PMID: 37236020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although malaria remains a big burden to many countries that it threatens their socio-economic stability, particularly in the countries where malaria is endemic, there have been great efforts to eradicate this disease with both successes and failures. For example, there has been a great improvement in malaria prevention and treatment methods with a net reduction in infection and mortality rates. However, the disease remains a global threat in terms of the number of people affected because it is one of the infectious diseases that has the highest prevalence rate, especially in Africa where the deadly Plasmodium falciparum is still widely spread. Methods to fight malaria are being diversified, including the use of mosquito nets, the target candidate profiles (TCPs) and target product profiles (TPPs) of medicine for malarial venture (MMV) strategy, the search for newer and potent drugs that could reverse chloroquine resistance, and the use of adjuvants such as rosiglitazone and sevuparin. Although these adjuvants have no antiplasmodial activity, they can help to alleviate the effects which result from plasmodium invasion such as cytoadherence. The list of new antimalarial drugs under development is long, including the out of ordinary new drugs MMV048, CDRI-97/78 and INE963 from South Africa, India and Novartis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théoneste Umumararungu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda.
| | - Jean Bosco Nkuranga
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Gratien Habarurema
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Jean Baptiste Nyandwi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Marie Jeanne Mukazayire
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Janvier Mukiza
- Department of Mathematical Science and Physical Education, School of Education, College of Education, University of Rwanda, Rwanda; Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Nyarutarama Plaza, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Raymond Muganga
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda; Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Nyarutarama Plaza, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Innocent Hahirwa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Matabishi Mpenda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Alain Nyirimigabo Katembezi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda; Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Nyarutarama Plaza, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Emmanuel Oladayo Olawode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, 18301 N Miami Ave #1, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - Egide Kayitare
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Pierre Claver Kayumba
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
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Domes R, Frosch T. Investigations on the Novel Antimalarial Ferroquine in Biomimetic Solutions Using Deep UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7630-7639. [PMID: 37141178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Deep ultraviolet (DUV) resonance Raman experiments are performed, investigating the novel, promising antimalarial ferroquine (FQ). Two buffered aqueous solutions with pH values of 5.13 and 7.00 are used, simulating the acidic and neutral conditions inside a parasite's digestive vacuole and cytosol, respectively. To imitate the different polarities of the membranes and interior, the buffer's 1,4-dioxane content was increased. These experimental conditions should mimic the transport of the drug inside malaria-infected erythrocytes through parasitophorous membranes. Supporting density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the drug's micro-speciation were performed, which could be nicely assigned to shifts in the peak positions of resonantly enhanced high-wavenumber Raman signals at λexc = 257 nm. FQ is fully protonated in polar mixtures like the host interior and the parasite's cytoplasm or digestive vacuole (DV) and is only present as a free base in nonpolar ones, such as the host's and parasitophorous membranes. Additionally, the limit of detection (LoD) of FQ at vacuolic pH values was determined using DUV excitation wavelengths at 244 and 257 nm. By applying the resonant laser line at λexc = 257 nm, a minimal FQ concentration of 3.1 μM was detected, whereas the pre-resonant excitation wavelength 244 nm provides an LoD of 6.9 μM. These values were all up to one order of magnitude lower than the concentration found for the food vacuole of a parasitized erythrocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Domes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Strasse 9, 07751 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Strasse 9, 07751 Jena, Germany
- Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering Group, Technical University Darmstadt, Merckstrasse 25, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
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Dewangan S, Mishra A, Halder B, Mishra A, Dhiman R, Chatterjee S. Unsymmetrically bi-functionalized 1,1’-ferrocenyl bi-hydrazone and hydrazone-cyanovinyl molecules as fluorescent “on-off” sensor: Synthesis, cytotoxicity and cancer cell imaging behavior. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Gansane A, Lingani M, Yeka A, Nahum A, Bouyou-Akotet M, Mombo-Ngoma G, Kaguthi G, Barceló C, Laurijssens B, Cantalloube C, Macintyre F, Djeriou E, Jessel A, Bejuit R, Demarest H, Marrast AC, Debe S, Tinto H, Kibuuka A, Nahum D, Mawili-Mboumba DP, Zoleko-Manego R, Mugenya I, Olewe F, Duparc S, Ogutu B. Randomized, open-label, phase 2a study to evaluate the contribution of artefenomel to the clinical and parasiticidal activity of artefenomel plus ferroquine in African patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J 2023; 22:2. [PMID: 36597076 PMCID: PMC9809015 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04420-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of artefenomel to the clinical and parasiticidal activity of ferroquine and artefenomel in combination in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria was investigated. METHODS This Phase 2a, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study was conducted from 11th September 2018 to 6th November 2019 across seven centres in Benin, Burkina Faso, Gabon, Kenya, and Uganda. Patients aged ≥ 14-69 years with microscopically confirmed infection (≥ 3000 to ≤ 50,000 parasites/µL blood) were randomized 1:1:1:1 to 400 mg ferroquine, or 400 mg ferroquine plus artefenomel 300, 600, or 1000 mg, administered as a single oral dose. The primary efficacy analysis was a logistic regression evaluating the contribution of artefenomel exposure to Day 28 PCR-adjusted adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR). Safety was also evaluated. RESULTS The randomized population included 140 patients. For the primary analysis in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic efficacy population (N = 121), the contribution of artefenomel AUC0-∞ to Day 28 PCR-adjusted ACPR was not demonstrated when accounting for ferroquine AUC0-d28, baseline parasitaemia, and other model covariates: odds ratio 1.1 (95% CI 0.98, 1.2; P = 0.245). In the per-protocol population, Day 28 PCR-adjusted ACPR was 80.8% (21/26; 95% CI 60.6, 93.4) with ferroquine alone and 90.3% (28/31; 95% CI 74.2, 98.0), 90.9% (30/33; 95% CI 75.7, 98.1) and 87.1% (27/31; 95% CI 70.2, 96.4) with 300, 600, and 1000 mg artefenomel, respectively. Median time to parasite clearance (Kaplan-Meier) was 56.1 h with ferroquine, more rapid with artefenomel, but similar for all doses (30.0 h). There were no deaths. Adverse events (AEs) of any cause occurred in 51.4% (18/35) of patients with ferroquine 400 mg alone, and 58.3% (21/36), 66.7% (24/36), and 72.7% (24/33) with 300, 600, and 1000 mg artefenomel, respectively. All AEs were of mild-to-moderate severity, and consistent with the known profiles of the compounds. Vomiting was the most reported AE. There were no cases of QTcF prolongation ≥ 500 ms or > 60 ms from baseline. CONCLUSION The contribution of artefenomel exposure to the clinical and parasitological activity of ferroquine/artefenomel could not be demonstrated in this study. Parasite clearance was faster with ferroquine/artefenomel versus ferroquine alone. All treatments were well tolerated. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03660839 (7 September, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adama Gansane
- grid.507461.10000 0004 0413 3193Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme (CNRFP), 01 BP 220801 BP 2208 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Moussa Lingani
- grid.457337.10000 0004 0564 0509Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé - Unité de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro (IRSS-URCN), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Adoke Yeka
- grid.463352.50000 0004 8340 3103Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration (IDRC), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alain Nahum
- Centre de Recherches Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Marielle Bouyou-Akotet
- grid.502965.dDépartement de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine – Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma
- grid.452268.fCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon ,Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Grace Kaguthi
- grid.33058.3d0000 0001 0155 5938Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research (KEMRI-CRDR), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Catalina Barceló
- grid.452605.00000 0004 0432 5267Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Fiona Macintyre
- grid.452605.00000 0004 0432 5267Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Helen Demarest
- grid.452605.00000 0004 0432 5267Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Claire Marrast
- grid.452605.00000 0004 0432 5267Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Siaka Debe
- grid.507461.10000 0004 0413 3193Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme (CNRFP), 01 BP 220801 BP 2208 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Halidou Tinto
- grid.457337.10000 0004 0564 0509Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé - Unité de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro (IRSS-URCN), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Afizi Kibuuka
- grid.463352.50000 0004 8340 3103Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration (IDRC), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Diolinda Nahum
- Centre de Recherches Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Denise Patricia Mawili-Mboumba
- grid.502965.dDépartement de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine – Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Rella Zoleko-Manego
- grid.452268.fCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon ,Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Irene Mugenya
- grid.33058.3d0000 0001 0155 5938Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research (KEMRI-CRDR), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Frederick Olewe
- grid.33058.3d0000 0001 0155 5938Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya ,grid.442494.b0000 0000 9430 1509Centre for Research in Therapeutic Sciences (CREATES), Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stephan Duparc
- grid.452605.00000 0004 0432 5267Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bernhards Ogutu
- grid.33058.3d0000 0001 0155 5938Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya ,grid.442494.b0000 0000 9430 1509Centre for Research in Therapeutic Sciences (CREATES), Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya
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Bu F, Zhang J, Shuai W, Liu J, Sun Q, Ouyang L. Repurposing drugs in autophagy for the treatment of cancer: From bench to bedside. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:1815-1831. [PMID: 34808390 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a multistep degradation pathway involving the lysosome, which supports nutrient reuse and metabolic balance, and has been implicated as a process that regulates cancer genesis and development. Targeting tumors by regulating autophagy has become a therapeutic strategy of interest. Drugs with other indications can have antitumor activity by modulating autophagy, providing a shortcut to developing novel antitumor drugs (i.e., drug repurposing/repositioning), as successfully performed for chloroquine (CQ); an increasing number of repurposed drugs have since advanced into clinical trials. In this review, we describe the application of different drug-repurposing approaches in autophagy for the treatment of cancer and focus on repurposing drugs that target autophagy to treat malignant neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqian Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Graciano IA, de Carvalho AS, de Carvalho da Silva F, Ferreira VF. 1,2,3-Triazole- and Quinoline-Based Hybrids with Potent Antiplasmodial Activity. Med Chem 2021; 18:521-535. [PMID: 34758718 DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666211110143041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a disease causing millions of victims every year and requires new drugs, often due to parasitic strain mutations. Thus, the search for new molecules that possess antimalarial activity is constant and extremely important. However, the potential that an antimalarial drug possesses cannot be ignored, and molecular hybridization is a good strategy to design new chemical entities. OBJECTIVE This review article aims to emphasize recent advances in the biological activities of new 1,2,3-triazole- and quinoline-based hybrids and their place in the development of new biologically active substances. More specifically, it intends to present the synthetic methods that have been utilized for the syntheses of hybrid 1,2,3-triazoles with quinoline nuclei. METHOD We have comprehensively and critically discussed all the information available in the literature regarding 1,2,3-triazole- and quinoline-based hybrids with potent antiplasmodial activity. RESULTS The quinoline nucleus has already been proven to lead to new chemical entities in the pharmaceutical market, such as drugs for the treatment of malaria and other diseases. The same can be said about the 1,2,3-triazole heterocycle, which has been shown to be a beneficial scaffold for the construction of new drugs with several activities. However, only a few triazoles have entered the pharmaceutical market as drugs. CONCLUSION Many studies have been conducted to develop new substances that may circumvent the resistance developed by the parasite that causes malaria, thereby improving the therapy currently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela A Graciano
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ. Brazil
| | - Alcione S de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ. Brazil
| | - Fernando de Carvalho da Silva
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ. Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ. Brazil
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Golding TM, Mbaba M, Smith GS. Modular synthesis of antimalarial quinoline-based PGM metallarectangles. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15274-15286. [PMID: 34633398 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new ditopic, quinoline-based ligand L (7-chloro-4-(pyridin-4-yl)quinoline) was synthesized via a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The ligand was utilized to synthesize the corresponding half-sandwich iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) binuclear complexes (1c and 1d) and the subsequent metallarectangles (2c, 2d, 3c, and 3d), via [2 + 2] coordination-driven self-assembly. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed the proposed molecular structure of the binuclear complex [{IrCl2(Cp*)}2(μ-L)] (1c) and DFT calculations were used to predict the optimized geometry of the rectangular nature of [{Ir(μ-Cl)(Cp*)}4(μ-L)2](CF3SO3)4 (2c). All of the metallarectangles were isolated as their triflate salts and characterized using various spectroscopic (1H, 13C{1H}, DOSY NMR, and IR spectroscopy) and analytical techniques (ESI-MS). The synthesized compounds were screened against the NF54 chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) and K1 chloroquine-resistant (CQR) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Incorporation of the ubiquitous quinoline core and metal complexation significantly enhanced the in vitro biological activity, with an increase in the nuclearity correlating with an increase in the resultant antiplasmodial activity. This was observed across both parasitic strains, alluding to the potential of supramolecular metallarectangles to act as antiplasmodial agents. Inhibition of haemozoin formation was considered a potential mechanism of action and selected metallarectangles exhibit β-haematin inhibition activity with near comparable activity to chloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn M Golding
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Mziyanda Mbaba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Gregory S Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Savir S, Liew JWK, Vythilingam I, Lim YAL, Tan CH, Sim KS, Lee VS, Maah MJ, Tan KW. Nickel(II) Complexes with Polyhydroxybenzaldehyde and O,N,S tridentate Thiosemicarbazone ligands: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, Antimalarial Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Patel D, Athar M, Jha PC. Exploring Ruthenium‐Based Organometallic Inhibitors against Plasmodium falciparum Calcium Dependent Kinase 2 (PfCDPK2): A Combined Ensemble Docking, QM/MM and Molecular Dynamics Study. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Institute of Advanced Research Gujarat 382426 India
| | - Mohd Athar
- School of Chemical Sciences Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 Gujarat India
- Center for Chemical Biology and Therapeutics InStem Bangalore 560065 Karnataka India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- School of Applied Material Sciences Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 Gujarat India
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Tabassum R, Ashfaq M, Oku H. Current Pharmaceutical Aspects of Synthetic Quinoline Derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1152-1172. [PMID: 33319670 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520999201214234735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Quinoline derivatives are considered broad-spectrum pharmacological compounds that exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Integration of quinoline moiety can improve its physical and chemical properties and also pharmacological behavior. Due to its wide range of pharmaceutical applications, it is a very popular compound to design new drugs for the treatment of multiple diseases like cancer, dengue fever, malaria, tuberculosis, fungal infections, AIDS, Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. In this review, our major focus is to pay attention to the biological activities of quinoline compounds in the treatment of these diseases such as anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-malarial, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-tubercular and anti-diabetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsana Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 36100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 36100, Pakistan
| | - Hiroyuki Oku
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science & Engineering Gunma University, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
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Tisnerat C, Dassonville-Klimpt A, Gosselet F, Sonnet P. Antimalarial drug discovery: from quinine to the most recent promising clinical drug candidates. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:3326-3365. [PMID: 34344287 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210803152419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a tropical threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, resulting in 409,000 deaths in 2019. The delay of mortality and morbidity has been compounded by the widespread of drug resistant parasites from Southeast Asia since two decades. The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium in Africa, where most cases are accounted, highlights the urgent need for new medicines. In this effort, the World Health Organization and Medicines for Malaria Venture joined to define clear goals for novel therapies and characterized the target candidate profile. This ongoing search for new treatments is based on imperative labor in medicinal chemistry which is summarized here with particular attention to hit-to-lead optimizations, key properties, and modes of action of these novel antimalarial drugs. This review, after presenting the current antimalarial chemotherapy, from quinine to the latest marketed drugs, focuses in particular on recent advances of the most promising antimalarial candidates in clinical and preclinical phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Tisnerat
- AGIR UR4294, UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens. France
| | | | | | - Pascal Sonnet
- AGIR UR4294, UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens. France
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malaria, the most devastating parasitic disease, is currently treated with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Unfortunately, some ACTs are unable to rapidly clear Plasmodium falciparum parasites from the blood stream and are failing to cure malaria patients; a problem, so far, largely confined to Southeast Asia. There is a fear of resistant Plasmodium falciparum emerging in other parts of the world including Sub-Saharan Africa. Strategies for alternative treatments, ideally non-artemisinin based, are needed. AREAS COVERED This narrative review gives an overview of approved antimalarials and of some compounds in advanced drug development that could be used when an ACT is failing. The selection was based on a literature search in PubMed and WHO notes for malaria treatment. EXPERT OPINION The ACT drug class can still cure malaria in malaria endemic regions. However, the appropriate ACT drug should be chosen considering the background resistance of the partner drug of the local parasite population. Artesunate-pyronaridine, the 'newest' recommended ACT, and atovaquone-proguanil are, so far, effective, and safe treatments for uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Therefore, all available ACTs should be safeguarded from parasite resistance and the development of new antimalarial drug classes needs to be accelerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Koehne
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Jana Held
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Andrea Kreidenweiss
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
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13
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Adoke Y, Zoleko-Manego R, Ouoba S, Tiono AB, Kaguthi G, Bonzela JE, Duong TT, Nahum A, Bouyou-Akotet M, Ogutu B, Ouedraogo A, Macintyre F, Jessel A, Laurijssens B, Cherkaoui-Rbati MH, Cantalloube C, Marrast AC, Bejuit R, White D, Wells TNC, Wartha F, Leroy D, Kibuuka A, Mombo-Ngoma G, Ouattara D, Mugenya I, Phuc BQ, Bohissou F, Mawili-Mboumba DP, Olewe F, Soulama I, Tinto H; FALCI Study Group. A randomized, double-blind, phase 2b study to investigate the efficacy, safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a single-dose regimen of ferroquine with artefenomel in adults and children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J 2021; 20:222. [PMID: 34011358 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, highly efficacious single-dose treatments are expected to increase compliance and improve treatment outcomes, and thereby may slow the development of resistance. The efficacy and safety of a single-dose combination of artefenomel (800 mg) plus ferroquine (400/600/900/1200 mg doses) for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were evaluated in Africa (focusing on children ≤ 5 years) and Asia. Methods The study was a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, multi-arm clinical trial in patients aged > 6 months to < 70 years, from six African countries and Vietnam. Patients were followed up for 63 days to assess treatment efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics. The primary efficacy endpoint was the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-adjusted adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) at Day 28 in the Per-Protocol [PP] Set comprising only African patients ≤ 5 years. The exposure–response relationship for PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 and prevalence of kelch-13 mutations were explored. Results A total of 373 patients were treated: 289 African patients ≤ 5 years (77.5%), 64 African patients > 5 years and 20 Asian patients. None of the treatment arms met the target efficacy criterion for PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 (lower limit of 95% confidence interval [CI] > 90%). PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 [95% CI] in the PP Set ranged from 78.4% [64.7; 88.7%] to 91.7% [81.6; 97.2%] for the 400 mg to 1200 mg ferroquine dose. Efficacy rates were low in Vietnamese patients, ranging from 20 to 40%. A clear relationship was found between drug exposure (artefenomel and ferroquine concentrations at Day 7) and efficacy (primary endpoint), with higher concentrations of both drugs resulting in higher efficacy. Six distinct kelch-13 mutations were detected in parasite isolates from 10/272 African patients (with 2 mutations known to be associated with artemisinin resistance) and 18/20 Asian patients (all C580Y mutation). Vomiting within 6 h of initial artefenomel administration was common (24.6%) and associated with lower drug exposures. Conclusion The efficacy of artefenomel/ferroquine combination was suboptimal in African children aged ≤ 5 years, the population of interest, and vomiting most likely had a negative impact on efficacy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02497612. Registered 14 Jul 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02497612?term=NCT02497612&draw=2&rank=1 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03749-4.
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14
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Luo J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Li J, He H, Luo Y, Huang S, Guo X. Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin Inhibit Rabies Virus Replication. Virol Sin 2021; 36:721-729. [PMID: 33661488 PMCID: PMC7930525 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-021-00349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies is caused by infection of rabies virus (RABV) and remains a serious threat to the global public health. Except for the requirement for cold chain and high cost of human rabies immune globulin, no small molecule drugs are currently available for clinical treatment of rabies. So, it is of great importance to identify novel compounds that can effectively inhibit RABV infection. Artesunate (ART) and dihydroartemisinin (DHA), two derivatives of artemisinin, are widely used for treatment of malaria in adults and children, showing high safety. In this study, we found that both ART and DHA were able to inhibit RABV replication in host cells at a low concentration (0.1 μmol/L). The antiviral effects of ART and DHA were independent of viral strains and cell lines. Pre-treatment with ART or DHA for 2 h in vitro did not affect the viral replication in host cells, implying that ART and DHA neither reduced the viability of RABV directly nor inhibited the binding and entrance of the virus to host cells. Further studies revealed that ART and DHA inhibited RABV genomic RNA synthesis and viral gene transcription. Treatment with ART or DHA (5 mg/kg) by intramuscular injection improved, to some extent, the survival rate of RABV-challenged mice. Combination treatment with derivatives of artemisinin and mannitol significantly improved the survival rate of RABV-challenged mice. The results suggest that ART and DHA have a great potential to be explored as new anti-rabies agents for treatment of rabies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiesen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongling He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongwen Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA. .,Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA.
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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15
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Ramharter M, Agnandji ST, Adegnika AA, Lell B, Mombo-Ngoma G, Grobusch MP, McCall M, Muranaka R, Kreidenweiss A, Velavan TP, Esen M, Schaumburg F, Alabi A, Druml C, Mordmüller B, Köhler C, Kremsner PG. Development of sustainable research excellence with a global perspective on infectious diseases: Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Gabon. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2021; 133:500-8. [PMID: 33398458 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-020-01794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medical research in sub-Saharan Africa is of high priority for societies to respond adequately to local health needs. Often enough it remains a challenge to build up capacity in infrastructure and human resources to highest international standards and to sustain this over mid-term to long-term periods due to difficulties in obtaining long-term institutional core funding, attracting highly qualified scientists for medical research and coping with ever changing structural and political environments. The Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL) serves as model for how to overcome such challenges and to continuously increase its impact on medical care in Central Africa and beyond. Starting off as a research annex to the Albert Schweitzer Hospital in Lambaréné, Gabon, it has since then expanded its activities to academic and regulatory clinical trials for drugs, vaccines and diagnostics in the field of malaria, tuberculosis, and a wide range of poverty related and neglected tropical infectious diseases. Advancing bioethics in medical research in Africa and steadily improving its global networks and infrastructures, CERMEL serves as a reference centre for several international consortia. In close collaboration with national authorities, CERMEL has become one of the main training hubs for medical research in Central Africa. It is hoped that CERMEL and its leitmotiv “to improve medical care for local populations” will serve as an inspiration to other institutions in sub-Saharan Africa to further increase African capacity to advance medicine.
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16
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Lyu HN, Ma N, Meng Y, Zhang X, Wong YK, Xu C, Liao F, Jiang T, Tu Y, Wang J. Study towards improving artemisinin-based combination therapies. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1243-1250. [PMID: 34287440 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Covering: Up to 2020 Artemisinin has made a significant contribution towards global malaria control since its initial discovery. Countless lives have been saved by this unique and miraculous molecule. In 2006, artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) were recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria infection and have since remained as the mainstays of the antimalarial treatment. Even so, substantial efforts to pursue better curative effects for the treatment of malaria have never ceased, particularly with regards to the circumstances surrounding the appearance of delayed clearance of malaria parasites by 3 day ACT treatments in South-East Asian countries. Strategies to further optimize artemisinin-based therapies, including synthesizing better artemisinin derivatives, developing advanced drug delivery systems, and diversifying artemisinin partner drugs, have been proposed over the past few years. Here, we provide an updated account of the continuous efforts in improving ACTs for better efficacy in curing malarial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ning Lyu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Nan Ma
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuqing Meng
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xing Zhang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yin-Kwan Wong
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chengchao Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. and The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Fulong Liao
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Tingliang Jiang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Youyou Tu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China and Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China and Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China and The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
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17
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Ong YC, Gasser G. Organometallic compounds in drug discovery: Past, present and future. Drug Discov Today Technol 2020; 37:117-124. [PMID: 34895650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we present an overview of some of the medicinally-relevant organometallic drugs that have been used in the past or that are currently in clinical trials as well as an example of compounds that are currently in the initial stage of drug development. Three main classes of organometallic complexes have been chosen for discussion: antimicrobial organoarsenicals, antimalarial and anticancer ferrocene-containing compounds and anticancer catalytic organometallic complexes. The purpose of this review is to provide readers with a focus on the significant progress that has been made for each of these respective fields of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih Ching Ong
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, F-75005 Paris, France.
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18
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Huang G, Murillo Solano C, Melendez J, Shaw J, Collins J, Banks R, Arshadi AK, Boonhok R, Min H, Miao J, Chakrabarti D, Yuan Y. Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Antimalarial Efficacy of 6-Chloro-2-arylvinylquinolines. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11756-11785. [PMID: 32959656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new efficacious antimalarials to address the emerging drug-resistant clinical cases. Our previous phenotypic screening identified styrylquinoline UCF501 as a promising antimalarial compound. To optimize UCF501, we herein report a detailed structure-activity relationship study of 2-arylvinylquinolines, leading to the discovery of potent, low nanomolar antiplasmodial compounds against a Plasmodium falciparum CQ-resistant Dd2 strain, with excellent selectivity profiles (resistance index < 1 and selectivity index > 200). Several metabolically stable 2-arylvinylquinolines are identified as fast-acting agents that kill asexual blood-stage parasites at the trophozoite phase, and the most promising compound 24 also demonstrates transmission blocking potential. Additionally, the monophosphate salt of 24 exhibits excellent in vivo antimalarial efficacy in the murine model without noticeable toxicity. Thus, the 2-arylvinylquinolines represent a promising class of antimalarial drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Claribel Murillo Solano
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Joel Melendez
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Justin Shaw
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Jennifer Collins
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Robert Banks
- Research Program Services, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Arash Keshavarzi Arshadi
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Rachasak Boonhok
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Hui Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Agonigi G, Biancalana L, Lupo MG, Montopoli M, Ferri N, Zacchini S, Binacchi F, Biver T, Campanella B, Pampaloni G, Zanotti V, Marchetti F. Exploring the Anticancer Potential of Diiron Bis-cyclopentadienyl Complexes with Bridging Hydrocarbyl Ligands: Behavior in Aqueous Media and In Vitro Cytotoxicity. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Agonigi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Lupo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Binacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Campanella
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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20
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Skoupilova H, Bartosik M, Sommerova L, Pinkas J, Vaculovic T, Kanicky V, Karban J, Hrstka R. Ferrocenes as new anticancer drug candidates: Determination of the mechanism of action. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 867:172825. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Abstract
The scientific community worldwide has realized that malaria elimination will not be possible without development of safe and effective transmission-blocking interventions. Primaquine, the only WHO recommended transmission-blocking drug, is not extensively utilized because of the toxicity issues in G6PD deficient individuals. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic interventions that can target malaria parasites and effectively block transmission. But at first, it is imperative to unravel the existing portfolio of transmission-blocking drugs. This review highlights transmission-blocking potential of current antimalarial drugs and drugs that are in various stages of clinical development. The collective analysis of the relationships between the structure and the activity of transmission-blocking drugs is expected to help in the design of new transmission-blocking antimalarials.
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23
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Koehne E, Kreidenweiss A, Zoleko Manego R, McCall M, Mombo-Ngoma G, Mackwitz MKW, Hansen FK, Held J. Histone deacetylase inhibitors with high in vitro activities against Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected from Gabonese children and adults. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17336. [PMID: 31758015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53912-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes are targets for the development of antimalarial drugs with a different mode of action to established antimalarials. Broad-spectrum HDAC-inhibitors show high potency against Plasmodium falciparum, but displayed some toxicity towards human cells. Inhibitors of human HDAC6 are new drug candidates with supposed reduced toxicity to human cells and favorable activities against laboratory P. falciparum strains. We investigated the potency of 12 peptoid-based HDAC-inhibitors against asexual stages of P. falciparum clinical isolates. Parasites representing different genetic backgrounds were isolated from adults and children with uncomplicated malaria in Gabon. Clinical studies on (non-HDAC-inhibitors) antimalarials, moreover, found lower drug efficacy in children, mainly attributed to acquired immunity with age in endemic areas. Therefore, we compared the in vitro sensitivity profiles of adult- and child-derived isolates to antimalarials (HDAC and standard drugs). All HDAC-inhibitors showed 50% inhibitory concentrations at nanomolar ranges with higher activities than the FDA approved reference HDAC-inhibitor SAHA. We propose peptoid-based HDAC6-inhibitors to be lead structures for further development as antimalarial chemotherapeutics. Our results further suggest no differences in activity of the tested antimalarials between P. falciparum parasites isolated from children and adults.
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24
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Xiao J, Sun Z, Kong F, Gao F. Current scenario of ferrocene-containing hybrids for antimalarial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111791. [PMID: 31669852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid molecules have the potential to enhance the efficacy against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant organisms, and Ferroquine, a ferrocene hybrid, has demonstrated great potency in clinical trials against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant malaria. Accordingly, hybridization of ferrocene with other antimalarial pharmacophores represents a promising strategy to develop novel antimalarial candidates. This work attempts to systematically review the recent study of ferrocene hybrids in the design and development of antimalarial agents, and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) is also discussed to provide an insight for rational design of more effective antibacterial candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China
| | - Zhou Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China
| | - Fangong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China.
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25
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Dewangan S, Mishra S, Mawatwal S, Dhiman R, Parida R, Giri S, Wölper C, Chatterjee S. Synthesis of Ferrocene Tethered Heteroaromatic Compounds Using Solid Supported Reaction Method, their Cytotoxic Evaluation and Fluorescence Behavior. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Dewangan
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa-769008 India
| | - Sasmita Mishra
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa-769008 India
| | - Shradha Mawatwal
- Department of Life ScienceNational Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa-769008 India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Department of Life ScienceNational Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa-769008 India
| | - Rakesh Parida
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa-769008 India
| | - Santanab Giri
- Department of Applied SciencesHaldia Institute of Technology, ICARE Complex Haldia-721657, W.B India
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Department for X-Ray DiffractionInstitut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen D-45117 Essen Germany
| | - Saurav Chatterjee
- Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology Rourkela Orissa-769008 India
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Kranzbühler B, Salemi S, Mortezavi A, Sulser T, Eberli D. Combined N-terminal androgen receptor and autophagy inhibition increases the antitumor effect in enzalutamide sensitive and enzalutamide resistant prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2019; 79:206-214. [PMID: 30345525 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Multiple androgen receptor (AR)-dependent and -independent resistance mechanisms limit the efficacy of current castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treatment. Novel N-terminal domain (NTD) binding AR-targeting compounds, including EPI-001 (EPI), have the promising ability to block constitutively active splice variants, which represent a major resistance mechanism in CRPC. Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that acts as survival mechanism in cells exposed to anticancer treatments. We hypothesized, that promising NTD-AR treatment may upregulate autophagy and that a combination of NTD-AR and autophagy inhibition might therefore increase antitumor effects. METHODS AR-expressing prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, LNCaP-EnzR) were treated with different concentrations of EPI (10, 25, 50 μM) and in combination with the autophagy inhibitors chloroquine (CHQ, 20 μM) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM). Cell proliferation was assessed by WST-1-assays after 1 and 7 days. Ethidium bromide and Annexin V were used to measure viability and apoptosis on day 7 after treatment. Autophagosome formation was detected by AUTOdot staining. In addition, autophagic activity was monitored by immunocytochemistry and Western blot (WES) for the expression of ATG5, Beclin1, LC3-I/II and p62. RESULTS Treatment with EPI resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of cell growth and increased apoptosis in both cancer cell lines on day 7. In addition, EPI treatment demonstrated an upregulated autophagosome formation in LNCaP and LNCaP-EnzR cells. Assessment of autophagic activity by immunocytochemistry and WES revealed an increase of ATG5 and LC3-II expression and a decreased p62 expression in all EPI-treated cells. A combined treatment of EPI with autophagy inhibitors led to a further significant reduction of cell viability in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that NTD targeting AR inhibition using EPI leads to an increased autophagic activity in LNCaP and LNCaP-EnzR prostate cancer cells. A combination of NTD AR blockage with simultaneous autophagy inhibition increases the antitumor effect of EPI in prostate cancer cells. Double treatment may offer a promising strategy to overcome resistance mechanisms in advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Kranzbühler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Souzan Salemi
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ashkan Mortezavi
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tullio Sulser
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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27
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Subramanian G, Sadeer A, Mukherjee K, Kojima T, Tripathi P, Naidu R, Tay SW, Pang JH, Pullarkat SA, Chandramohanadas R. Evaluation of ferrocenyl phosphines as potent antimalarials targeting the digestive vacuole function of Plasmodium falciparum. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1108-1117. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04263b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferrocenyl phosphines targeting the digestive vacuole function of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Subramanian
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)
- Singapore 487372
- Singapore
| | - Abdul Sadeer
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Kalyani Mukherjee
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)
- Singapore 487372
- Singapore
| | - Tadayuki Kojima
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Pallavi Tripathi
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)
- Singapore 487372
- Singapore
| | - Renugah Naidu
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)
- Singapore 487372
- Singapore
| | - Shan Wen Tay
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Jia Hao Pang
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Sumod A. Pullarkat
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Rajesh Chandramohanadas
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)
- Singapore 487372
- Singapore
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28
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Karagöz AÇ, Leidenberger M, Hahn F, Hampel F, Friedrich O, Marschall M, Kappes B, Tsogoeva SB. Synthesis of new betulinic acid/betulin-derived dimers and hybrids with potent antimalarial and antiviral activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 27:110-115. [PMID: 30503412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe malaria and viral infections cause life-threatening diseases in millions of people worldwide every year. In search for effective bioactive hybrid molecules, which may possess improved properties compared to their parent compounds, a series of betulinic acid/betulin based dimer and hybrid compounds carrying ferrocene and/or artesunic acid moieties, was designed and, synthesized de novo. Furthermore, they were analyzed in vitro against malaria parasites (growth inhibition of 3D7-strain P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). From this series of hybrids/dimers, the betulinic acid/betulin and artesunic acid hybrids 11 and 12 showed the most potent activities against P. falciparum and HCMV. On the strength of results, additive and/or synergistic effects between the natural or semisynthetic products, such as betulinic acid-/betulin- and artesunic acid-derived compounds, are suggested on the basis of putatively complex modes of antimicrobial action. This advantage may be taken into account in future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Çapcı Karagöz
- Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Leidenberger
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordon-Straße 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Hahn
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordon-Straße 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Marschall
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Kappes
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordon-Straße 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Svetlana B Tsogoeva
- Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Abstract
Malaria remains a significant contributor to global human mortality, and roughly half the world’s population is at risk for infection with
Plasmodium spp. parasites. Aggressive control measures have reduced the global prevalence of malaria significantly over the past decade. However, resistance to available antimalarials continues to spread, including resistance to the widely used artemisinin-based combination therapies. Novel antimalarial compounds and therapeutic targets are greatly needed. This review will briefly discuss several promising current antimalarial development projects, including artefenomel, ferroquine, cipargamin, SJ733, KAF156, MMV048, and tafenoquine. In addition, we describe recent large-scale genetic and resistance screens that have been instrumental in target discovery. Finally, we highlight new antimalarial targets, which include essential transporters and proteases. These emerging antimalarial compounds and therapeutic targets have the potential to overcome multi-drug resistance in ongoing efforts toward malaria elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Mathews
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Audrey R Odom John
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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30
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Abstract
The last two decades have seen a surge in antimalarial drug development with product development partnerships taking a leading role. Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the artemisinin derivatives, piperaquine and mefloquine in Southeast Asia means new antimalarials are needed with some urgency. There are at least 13 agents in clinical development. Most of these are blood schizonticides for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, under evaluation either singly or as part of two-drug combinations. Leading candidates progressing through the pipeline are artefenomel-ferroquine and lumefantrine-KAF156, both in Phase 2b. Treatment of severe malaria continues to rely on two parenteral drugs with ancient forebears: artesunate and quinine, with sevuparin being evaluated as an adjuvant therapy. Tafenoquine is under review by stringent regulatory authorities for approval as a single-dose treatment for Plasmodium vivax relapse prevention. This represents an advance over standard 14-day primaquine regimens; however, the risk of acute haemolytic anaemia in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency remains. For disease prevention, several of the newer agents show potential but are unlikely to be recommended for use in the main target groups of pregnant women and young children for some years. Latest predictions are that the malaria burden will continue to be high in the coming decades. This fact, coupled with the repeated loss of antimalarials to resistance, indicates that new antimalarials will be needed for years to come. Failure of the artemisinin-based combinations in Southeast Asia has stimulated a reappraisal of current approaches to combination therapy for malaria with incorporation of three or more drugs in a single treatment under consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Ashley
- Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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31
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Mosaddeque F, Mizukami S, Kamel MG, Teklemichael AA, Dat TV, Mizuta S, Toan DV, Ahmed AM, Vuong NL, Elhady MT, Giang HTN, Dang TN, Fukuda M, Huynh LK, Tanaka Y, Egan TJ, Kaneko O, Huy NT, Hirayama K. Prediction Model for Antimalarial Activities of Hemozoin Inhibitors by Using Physicochemical Properties. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e02424-17. [PMID: 29439979 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02424-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of strains of malaria parasites that are resistant to several drugs has threatened global malaria control. Hence, the aim of this study was to predict the antimalarial activity of chemical compounds that possess anti-hemozoin-formation activity as a new means of antimalarial drug discovery. After the initial in vitro anti-hemozoin-formation high-throughput screening (HTS) of 9,600 compounds, a total of 224 hit compounds were identified as hemozoin inhibitors. These 224 compounds were tested for in vitro erythrocytic antimalarial activity at 10 μM by using chloroquine-mefloquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7A. Two independent experiments were conducted. The physicochemical properties of the active compounds were extracted from the ChemSpider and SciFinder databases. We analyzed the extracted data by using Bayesian model averaging (BMA). Our findings revealed that lower numbers of S atoms; lower distribution coefficient (log D) values at pH 3, 4, and 5; and higher predicted distribution coefficient (ACD log D) values at pH 7.4 had significant associations with antimalarial activity among compounds that possess anti-hemozoin-formation activity. The BMA model revealed an accuracy of 91.23%. We report new prediction models containing physicochemical properties that shed light on effective chemical groups for synthetic antimalarial compounds and help with in silico screening for novel antimalarial drugs.
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32
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Hall EA, Ramsey JE, Peng Z, Hayrapetyan D, Shkepu V, O'Rourke B, Geiger W, Lam K, Verschraegen CF. Novel organometallic chloroquine derivative inhibits tumor growth. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5921-5933. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Hall
- The University of Vermont Cancer CenterBurlingtonVermont
- Department of MedicineThe University of VermontBurlingtonVermont
| | - Jon E. Ramsey
- The University of Vermont Cancer CenterBurlingtonVermont
- Department of BiochemistryThe University of VermontBurlingtonVermont
| | - Zhihua Peng
- The University of Vermont Cancer CenterBurlingtonVermont
- Department of MedicineThe University of VermontBurlingtonVermont
| | - Davit Hayrapetyan
- Department of ChemistryNazarbayev UniversityAstanaRepublic of Kazakhstan
| | - Viacheslav Shkepu
- Department of ChemistryNazarbayev UniversityAstanaRepublic of Kazakhstan
| | - Bruce O'Rourke
- Department of ChemistryThe University of VermontBurlingtonVermont
| | - William Geiger
- The University of Vermont Cancer CenterBurlingtonVermont
- Department of ChemistryThe University of VermontBurlingtonVermont
| | - Kevin Lam
- The University of Vermont Cancer CenterBurlingtonVermont
- Department of ChemistryNazarbayev UniversityAstanaRepublic of Kazakhstan
- Department of PharmaceuticalChemical and Environmental SciencesFaculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichChatham MaritimeChathamKentUnited Kingdom
| | - Claire F. Verschraegen
- The University of Vermont Cancer CenterBurlingtonVermont
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Medical OncologyThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhio
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33
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Okombo J, Chibale K. Recent updates in the discovery and development of novel antimalarial drug candidates. Medchemcomm 2018; 9:437-453. [PMID: 30108934 PMCID: PMC6071755 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00637c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Though morbidity and mortality due to malaria have declined in the last 15 years, emerging resistance to first-line artemisinin-based antimalarials, absence of efficacious vaccines and limited chemotherapeutic alternatives imperil the consolidation of these gains. As a blueprint to steer future designs of new medicines, malaria drug discovery recently adopted a descriptive proposal for the ideal candidate molecules and drugs likely to successfully progress into the final stages of clinical development. As an audit of recent developments in the chemotherapy of malaria in the last five years, this review captures a landscape of diverse molecules at various stages of drug development and discusses their progress. In brief, we also discuss how omics data on Plasmodium has been extensively leveraged to identify potential vaccine candidates and putative targets of molecules in development and clinical use as well as map loci implicit in their modes of resistance. Future perspective on malaria drug development should involve a reconciliation of some of the challenges of the target candidate profiles (TCPs), specifically TCP3, with the promise of effective anti-hypnozoite medicines. Similarly, with the recent development of a humanized mouse model that can evaluate the prophylactic potential of candidate drugs, we argue for increased effort at identifying more liver-stage molecules, which are often only secondarily prioritized in conventional screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Okombo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701 , South Africa .
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701 , South Africa .
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit , Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine , University of Cape Town , Rondebosch 7701 , South Africa
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34
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Kondratskyi A, Kondratska K, Vanden Abeele F, Gordienko D, Dubois C, Toillon RA, Slomianny C, Lemière S, Delcourt P, Dewailly E, Skryma R, Biot C, Prevarskaya N. Ferroquine, the next generation antimalarial drug, has antitumor activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15896. [PMID: 29162859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the tremendous progress in medicine, cancer remains one of the most serious global health problems awaiting new effective therapies. Here we present ferroquine (FQ), the next generation antimalarial drug, as a promising candidate for repositioning as cancer therapeutics. We report that FQ potently inhibits autophagy, perturbs lysosomal function and impairs prostate tumor growth in vivo. We demonstrate that FQ negatively regulates Akt kinase and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and is particularly effective in starved and hypoxic conditions frequently observed in advanced solid cancers. FQ enhances the anticancer activity of several chemotherapeutics suggesting its potential application as an adjuvant to existing anticancer therapy. Alike its parent compound chloroquine (CQ), FQ accumulates within and deacidifies lysosomes. Further, FQ induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization, mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-independent cancer cell death. Overall, our work identifies ferroquine as a promising new drug with a potent anticancer activity.
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35
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Hu YQ, Gao C, Zhang S, Xu L, Xu Z, Feng LS, Wu X, Zhao F. Quinoline hybrids and their antiplasmodial and antimalarial activities. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:22-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Blasco B, Leroy D, Fidock DA. Antimalarial drug resistance: linking Plasmodium falciparum parasite biology to the clinic. Nat Med 2017; 23:917-928. [PMID: 28777791 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The global adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in the early 2000s heralded a new era in effectively treating drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, several Southeast Asian countries have now reported the emergence of parasites that have decreased susceptibility to artemisinin (ART) derivatives and ACT partner drugs, resulting in increasing rates of treatment failures. Here we review recent advances in understanding how antimalarials act and how resistance develops, and discuss new strategies for effectively combatting resistance, optimizing treatment and advancing the global campaign to eliminate malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Didier Leroy
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David A Fidock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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37
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Abstract
Malaria is caused in humans by five species of single-celled eukaryotic Plasmodium parasites (mainly Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax) that are transmitted by the bite of Anopheles spp. mosquitoes. Malaria remains one of the most serious infectious diseases; it threatens nearly half of the world's population and led to hundreds of thousands of deaths in 2015, predominantly among children in Africa. Malaria is managed through a combination of vector control approaches (such as insecticide spraying and the use of insecticide-treated bed nets) and drugs for both treatment and prevention. The widespread use of artemisinin-based combination therapies has contributed to substantial declines in the number of malaria-related deaths; however, the emergence of drug resistance threatens to reverse this progress. Advances in our understanding of the underlying molecular basis of pathogenesis have fuelled the development of new diagnostics, drugs and insecticides. Several new combination therapies are in clinical development that have efficacy against drug-resistant parasites and the potential to be used in single-dose regimens to improve compliance. This ambitious programme to eliminate malaria also includes new approaches that could yield malaria vaccines or novel vector control strategies. However, despite these achievements, a well-coordinated global effort on multiple fronts is needed if malaria elimination is to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wesley C Van Voorhis
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Seattle, Washington, USA
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38
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Musuamba FT, Manolis E, Holford N, Cheung S, Friberg LE, Ogungbenro K, Posch M, Yates J, Berry S, Thomas N, Corriol-Rohou S, Bornkamp B, Bretz F, Hooker AC, Van der Graaf PH, Standing JF, Hay J, Cole S, Gigante V, Karlsson K, Dumortier T, Benda N, Serone F, Das S, Brochot A, Ehmann F, Hemmings R, Rusten IS. Advanced Methods for Dose and Regimen Finding During Drug Development: Summary of the EMA/EFPIA Workshop on Dose Finding (London 4-5 December 2014). CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2017; 6:418-429. [PMID: 28722322 PMCID: PMC5529745 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate dose selection for confirmatory trials is currently still one of the most challenging issues in drug development, as illustrated by high rates of late‐stage attritions in clinical development and postmarketing commitments required by regulatory institutions. In an effort to shift the current paradigm in dose and regimen selection and highlight the availability and usefulness of well‐established and regulatory‐acceptable methods, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in collaboration with the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries Association (EFPIA) hosted a multistakeholder workshop on dose finding (London 4–5 December 2014). Some methodologies that could constitute a toolkit for drug developers and regulators were presented. These methods are described in the present report: they include five advanced methods for data analysis (empirical regression models, pharmacometrics models, quantitative systems pharmacology models, MCP‐Mod, and model averaging) and three methods for study design optimization (Fisher information matrix (FIM)‐based methods, clinical trial simulations, and adaptive studies). Pairwise comparisons were also discussed during the workshop; however, mostly for historical reasons. This paper discusses the added value and limitations of these methods as well as challenges for their implementation. Some applications in different therapeutic areas are also summarized, in line with the discussions at the workshop. There was agreement at the workshop on the fact that selection of dose for phase III is an estimation problem and should not be addressed via hypothesis testing. Dose selection for phase III trials should be informed by well‐designed dose‐finding studies; however, the specific choice of method(s) will depend on several aspects and it is not possible to recommend a generalized decision tree. There are many valuable methods available, the methods are not mutually exclusive, and they should be used in conjunction to ensure a scientifically rigorous understanding of the dosing rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T Musuamba
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products, Brussels, Belgium.,UMR850 INSERM, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - E Manolis
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,European Medicines Agency, London, UK
| | - N Holford
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - M Posch
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - S Berry
- Berry consultants, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - F Bretz
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Novartis, London, UK
| | | | - P H Van der Graaf
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Certara QSP, Canterbury, UK
| | - J F Standing
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,University College London, London, UK
| | - J Hay
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK
| | - S Cole
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK
| | - V Gigante
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Roma, Italy
| | - K Karlsson
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - N Benda
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Serone
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Roma, Italy
| | - S Das
- AstraZeneca UK Limited, London, UK
| | | | - F Ehmann
- European Medicines Agency, London, UK
| | - R Hemmings
- Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK
| | - I Skottheim Rusten
- EMA Modelling and Simulation Working Group, London, UK.,Norvegian Medicines Agency, Oslo, Norway
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39
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Supan C, Mombo-Ngoma G, Kombila M, Ospina Salazar CL, Held J, Lell B, Cantalloube C, Djeriou E, Ogutu B, Waitumbi J, Otsula N, Apollo D, Polhemus ME, Kremsner PG, Walsh DS. Phase 2a, Open-Label, 4-Escalating-Dose, Randomized Multicenter Study Evaluating the Safety and Activity of Ferroquine (SSR97193) Plus Artesunate, versus Amodiaquine Plus Artesunate, in African Adult Men with Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:514-525. [PMID: 28722611 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin-based combination therapies are recommended as first-line agents for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Ferroquine, a 4-aminoquinolone, is a novel long-acting combination partner for fast-acting drugs like artesunate (AS). We did a small phase 2a, multicenter, open-label, safety-focused dose-ranging randomized study of ferroquine at three African hospitals: two Gabonese and one Kenyan. We recruited adult men with symptomatic uncomplicated P. falciparum monoinfection. Four escalating doses of ferroquine (100, 200, 400, and 600 mg) were assessed in sequence, versus an amodiaquine comparator. After a 2:1 randomization (block size three, equating to N = 12 for each ferroquine dose and N = 6 for each of four amodiaquine comparator groups) patients received daily for three consecutive days, either ferroquine + AS (200 mg/day) or amodiaquine (612 mg/day) + AS (200 mg/day). Safety, electrocardiograms, parasite clearance times, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics were assessed to day 28. Seventy-two patients were randomized. Ferroquine + AS showed generally mild increases (Grade 1 toxicity) in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels with a dose trend starting at 400 mg. There were two Grade 2 ALT events: one patient receiving 200 mg (3.8 upper limit of normal [ULN], day 7) and one receiving 600 mg (3.3 ULN, day 14), both without increased bilirubin. One ferroquine 100 mg + AS patient after one dose was withdrawn after developing a QTcF interval prolongation > 60 milliseconds over baseline. Parasitemias in all patients cleared quickly, with no recurrence through day 28. Hepatic, as well as cardiac, profiles should be monitored closely in future trials. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00563914).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Supan
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Maryvonne Kombila
- Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Carmen L Ospina Salazar
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Jana Held
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | | | | | - Bernhards Ogutu
- Walter Reed Project (Kisumu), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRU)-Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John Waitumbi
- Walter Reed Project (Kisumu), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRU)-Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nekoye Otsula
- Walter Reed Project (Kisumu), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRU)-Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Duncan Apollo
- Walter Reed Project (Kisumu), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRU)-Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mark E Polhemus
- Walter Reed Project (Kisumu), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRU)-Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter G Kremsner
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Douglas S Walsh
- Walter Reed Project (Kisumu), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRU)-Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
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McCarthy JS, Lotharius J, Rückle T, Chalon S, Phillips MA, Elliott S, Sekuloski S, Griffin P, Ng CL, Fidock DA, Marquart L, Williams NS, Gobeau N, Bebrevska L, Rosario M, Marsh K, Möhrle JJ. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and activity of the novel long-acting antimalarial DSM265: a two-part first-in-human phase 1a/1b randomised study. Lancet Infect Dis 2017; 17:626-635. [PMID: 28363636 PMCID: PMC5446412 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DSM265 is a novel antimalarial that inhibits plasmodial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme essential for pyrimidine biosynthesis. We investigated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of DSM265, and tested its antimalarial activity. METHODS Healthy participants aged 18-55 years were enrolled in a two-part study: part 1, a single ascending dose (25-1200 mg), double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study, and part 2, an open-label, randomised, active-comparator controlled study, in which participants were inoculated with Plasmodium falciparum induced blood-stage malaria (IBSM) and treated with DSM265 (150 mg) or mefloquine (10 mg/kg). Primary endpoints were DSM265 safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics. Randomisation lists were created using a validated, automated system. Both parts were registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number ACTRN12613000522718 (part 1) and number ACTRN12613000527763 (part 2). FINDINGS In part 1, 73 participants were enrolled between April 12, 2013, and July 14, 2015 (DSM265, n=55; placebo, n=18). In part 2, nine participants were enrolled between Sept 30 and Nov 25, 2013 (150 mg DSM265, n=7; 10 mg/kg mefloquine, n=2). In part 1, 117 adverse events were reported; no drug-related serious or severe events were reported. The most common drug-related adverse event was headache. The mean DSM265 peak plasma concentration (Cmax) ranged between 1310 ng/mL and 34 800 ng/mL and was reached in a median time (tmax) between 1·5 h and 4 h, with a mean elimination half-life between 86 h and 118 h. In part 2, the log10 parasite reduction ratio at 48 h in the DSM265 (150 mg) group was 1·55 (95% CI 1·42-1·67) and in the mefloquine (10 mg/kg) group was 2·34 (2·17-2·52), corresponding to a parasite clearance half-life of 9·4 h (8·7-10·2) and 6·2 h (5·7-6·7), respectively. The median minimum inhibitory concentration of DSM265 in blood was estimated as 1040 ng/mL (range 552-1500), resulting in a predicted single efficacious dose of 340 mg. Parasite clearance was significantly faster in participants who received mefloquine than in participants who received DSM265 (p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION The good safety profile, long elimination half-life, and antimalarial effect of DSM265 supports its development as a partner drug in a single-dose antimalarial combination treatment. FUNDING Wellcome Trust, UK Department for International Development, Global Health Innovative Technology Fund, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Q-Pharm Pty Ltd, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Louise Marquart
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Maria Rosario
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Burrows JN, Duparc S, Gutteridge WE, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Kaszubska W, Macintyre F, Mazzuri S, Möhrle JJ, Wells TNC. New developments in anti-malarial target candidate and product profiles. Malar J 2017; 16:26. [PMID: 28086874 PMCID: PMC5237200 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A decade of discovery and development of new anti-malarial medicines has led to a renewed focus on malaria elimination and eradication. Changes in the way new anti-malarial drugs are discovered and developed have led to a dramatic increase in the number and diversity of new molecules presently in pre-clinical and early clinical development. The twin challenges faced can be summarized by multi-drug resistant malaria from the Greater Mekong Sub-region, and the need to provide simplified medicines. This review lists changes in anti-malarial target candidate and target product profiles over the last 4 years. As well as new medicines to treat disease and prevent transmission, there has been increased focus on the longer term goal of finding new medicines for chemoprotection, potentially with long-acting molecules, or parenteral formulations. Other gaps in the malaria armamentarium, such as drugs to treat severe malaria and endectocides (that kill mosquitoes which feed on people who have taken the drug), are defined here. Ultimately the elimination of malaria requires medicines that are safe and well-tolerated to be used in vulnerable populations: in pregnancy, especially the first trimester, and in those suffering from malnutrition or co-infection with other pathogens. These updates reflect the maturing of an understanding of the key challenges in producing the next generation of medicines to control, eliminate and ultimately eradicate malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy N Burrows
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Duparc
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Wiweka Kaszubska
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Fiona Macintyre
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg J Möhrle
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Timothy N C Wells
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré Bois 20, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland.
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Artner C, Holtkamp HU, Kandioller W, Hartinger CG, Meier-Menches SM, Keppler BK. DNA or protein? Capillary zone electrophoresis–mass spectrometry rapidly elucidates metallodrug binding selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8002-8005. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04582d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel capillary zone electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CZE–MS) approach allows the characterization and quantification of the binding preferences of metal-based anticancer agents to biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Artner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Hannah U. Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- 1142 Auckland
- New Zealand
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | | | - Samuel M. Meier-Menches
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- Faculty of Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Meyer
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Heike Schucht
- Chemische Kristallographie; Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Christian W. Lehmann
- Chemische Kristallographie; Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Bernhard Weibert
- Fachbereich Chemie; Universität Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Fachbereich Chemie; Universität Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Fabian Mohr
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
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Alabi AS, Traoré AN, Loembe MM, Ateba-Ngoa U, Frank M, Adegnika AA, Lell B, Mahoumbou J, Köhler C, Kremsner PG, Grobusch MP. Enhanced laboratory capacity development: a boost for effective tuberculosis control in resource-limited settings. Int J Infect Dis 2016; 56:81-84. [PMID: 27888000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Both routine and research tuberculosis (TB) laboratory capacity urgently need to be expanded in large parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2009, the Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL) took a strategic decision to expand its activities by building TB laboratory capacity to address research questions and to improve routine diagnostic and treatment capacity. Over the past 7 years, a standard laboratory has been developed that is contributing significantly to TB diagnosis, treatment, and control in Gabon; training has also been provided for TB research staff in Central Africa. CERMEL has a cordial relationship with the Gabon National TB Control Programme (PNLT), which has culminated in a successful Global Fund joint application. This endeavour is considered a model for similar developments needed in areas of high TB prevalence and where TB control remains poor to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Sunday Alabi
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Afsatou Ndama Traoré
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Microbiology Department, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Marguerite Massinga Loembe
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany; Departement de Bacteriologie Virologie, Faculte de medicine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Ulysse Ateba-Ngoa
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Frank
- Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jocelyn Mahoumbou
- Programme National de Lutte Contre la Tuberculose (PNLT), Ministry of Health, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Carsten Köhler
- Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Gottfried Kremsner
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Peter Grobusch
- Centre des Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), PB 118, Lambaréné, Gabon; Eberhard Karls Universität, Institut für Tropenmedizin, Tübingen, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mishra M, Mishra VK, Kashaw V, Iyer AK, Kashaw SK. Comprehensive review on various strategies for antimalarial drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:1300-1320. [PMID: 27886547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of malaria parasites to existing drugs carries on growing and progressively limiting our ability to manage this severe disease and finally lead to a massive global health burden. Till now, malaria control has relied upon the traditional quinoline, antifolate and artemisinin compounds. Very few new antimalarials were developed in the past 50 years. Among recent approaches, identification of novel chemotherapeutic targets, exploration of natural products with medicinal significance, covalent bitherapy having a dual mode of action into a single hybrid molecule and malaria vaccine development are explored heavily. The proper execution of these approaches and proper investment from international agencies will accelerate the discovery of drugs that provide new hope for the control or eventual eradication of this global infectious disease. This review explores various strategies for assessment and development of new antimalarial drugs. Current status and scientific value of previous approaches are systematically reviewed and new approaches provide a pragmatic forecast for future developments are introduced as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitali Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India
| | - Vikash K Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India
| | - Varsha Kashaw
- SVN Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SVN University, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Arun K Iyer
- Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar Kashaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India; Use-inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Bhagavathula AS, Elnour AA, Shehab A. Alternatives to currently used antimalarial drugs: in search of a magic bullet. Infect Dis Poverty 2016; 5:103. [PMID: 27809883 PMCID: PMC5095999 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many African countries and parts of Asia and South America. Novel approaches to combating the disease have emerged in recent years and several drug candidates are now being tested clinically. However, it is long before these novel drugs can hit the market, especially due to a scarcity of safety and efficacy data.To reduce the malaria burden, the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) was established in 1999 to develop novel medicines through industry and academic partners' collaboration. However, no reviews were focused following various preclinical and clinical studies published since the MMV initiation (2000) to till date.We identify promising approaches in the global portfolio of antimalarial medicines, and highlight challenges and patient specific concerns of these novel molecules. We discuss different clinical studies focusing on the evaluation of novel drugs against malaria in different human trials over the past five years.The drugs KAE609 and DDD107498 are still being evaluated in Phase I trials and preclinical developmental studies. Both the safety and efficacy of novel compounds such as KAF156 and DSM265 need to be assessed further, especially for use in pregnant women. Synthetic non-artemisinin ozonides such as OZ277 raised concerns in terms of its insufficient efficacy against high parasitic loads. Aminoquinoline-based scaffolds such as ferroquine are promising but should be combined with good partner drugs for enhanced efficacy. AQ-13 induced electrocardiac events, which led to prolonged QTc intervals. Tafenoquine, the only new anti-relapse scaffold for patients with a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, has raised significant concerns due to its hemolytic activity. Other compounds, including methylene blue (potential transmission blocker) and fosmidomycin (DXP reductoisomerase inhibitor), are available but cannot be used in children.At this stage, we are unable to identify a single magic bullet against malaria. Future studies should focus on effective single-dose molecules that can act against all stages of malaria in order to prevent transmission. Newer medicines have also raised concerns in terms of efficacy and safety. Overall, more evidence is needed to effectively reduce the current malaria burden. Treatment strategies that target the blood stage with transmission-blocking properties are needed to prevent future drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar-College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asim Ahmed Elnour
- Pharmacy College, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla Shehab
- Department of Internal medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
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Tapanelli S, Habluetzel A, Pellei M, Marchiò L, Tombesi A, Capparè A, Santini C. Novel metalloantimalarials: Transmission blocking effects of water soluble Cu(I), Ag(I) and Au(I) phosphane complexes on the murine malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 166:1-4. [PMID: 27815977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The water soluble phosphane complexes [M(L)4]PF6 (M=Cu(I), Ag(I)) and [Au(L)4]Cl (L=thp (tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphane) or PTA (1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane)) showed notable in vitro activity against Plasmodium early sporogonic stages, the sexual forms of the malaria parasite that are responsible for infection of the mosquito vector. Effects varied according to both, the type of metal and phosphane ligands. [Ag(thp)4]PF6 was the best performing complex exhibiting a half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value in the low micromolar range (0.3-15.6μM). The silver complex [Ag(thp)4]PF6 was characterized by X-ray crystallography revealing that the structure comprises the cationic complex [Ag(thp)4]+, the PF6- anion, and a water molecule of crystallization. Our results revealed that Cu(I), Ag(I) and Au(I) phosphanes complexes elicited similar activity profiles showing potential for the development of antimalarial, transmission blocking compounds. Molecules targeting the sexual parasite stages in the human and/or mosquito host are urgently needed to complement current artemisinin based treatments and next generation antimalarials in a vision not only to cure the disease but to interrupt its transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Tapanelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Annette Habluetzel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Piazza dei Costanti, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology - Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Department of Chemistry, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessia Tombesi
- School of Science and Technology - Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Ambra Capparè
- School of Science and Technology - Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology - Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC, Italy
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McCarthy JS, Rückle T, Djeriou E, Cantalloube C, Ter-Minassian D, Baker M, O'Rourke P, Griffin P, Marquart L, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Möhrle JJ. A Phase II pilot trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of ferroquine against early Plasmodium falciparum in an induced blood-stage malaria infection study. Malar J 2016; 15:469. [PMID: 27624471 PMCID: PMC5022189 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ferroquine (SSR97193) is a candidate anti-malarial currently undergoing clinical trials for malaria. To better understand its pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters the compound was tested in the experimentally induced blood stage malaria infection model in volunteers. Methods Male and non-pregnant female aged 18–50 years were screened for this phase II, controlled, single-centre clinical trial. Subjects were inoculated with ~1800 viable Plasmodium falciparum 3D7A-infected human erythrocytes, and treated with a single-dose of 800 mg ferroquine. Blood samples were taken at defined time-points to measure PK and PD parameters. The blood concentration of ferroquine and its active metabolite, SSR97213, were measured on dry blood spot samples by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Parasitaemia and emergence of gametocytes were monitored by quantitative PCR. Safety was determined by recording adverse events and monitoring clinical laboratory assessments during the course of the study. Results Eight subjects were enrolled into the study, inoculated with infected erythrocytes and treated with 800 mg ferroquine. Ferroquine was rapidly absorbed with maximal exposure after 4–8 and 4–12 h exposure for SSR97213. Non-compartmental PK analysis resulted in estimates for half-lives of 10.9 and 23.8 days for ferroquine and SSR97213, respectively. Parasite clearance as reported by parasite reduction ratio was 162.9 (95 % CI 141–188) corresponding to a parasite clearance half-life of 6.5 h (95 % CI: 6.4–6.7 h). PK/PD modelling resulted in a predicted minimal parasiticidal concentration of 20 ng/mL, and the single dosing tested in this study was predicted to maintain an exposure above this threshold for 454 h (37.8 days). Although ferroquine was overall well tolerated, transient elevated transaminase levels were observed in three subjects. Paracetamol was the only concomitant treatment among the two out of these three subjects that may have played a role in the elevated transaminases levels. No clinically significant ECG abnormalities were observed. Conclusions The parameters and PK/PD model derived from this study pave the way to the further rational development of ferroquine as an anti-malarial partner drug. The safety of ferroquine has to be further explored in controlled human trials. Trial registration anzctr.org.au (registration number: ACTRN12613001040752), registered 18/09/2013 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1511-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S McCarthy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thomas Rückle
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215, Meyrin, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elhadj Djeriou
- Sanofi Aventis Recherche Développement, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | | | | | - Mark Baker
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215, Meyrin, Geneva, Switzerland.,Novartis Consumer Health SA, 2 route de l'Etraz, Case Postale 1279, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Peter O'Rourke
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul Griffin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Mater Health Services, Brisbane, Australia.,Q-Pharm Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Louise Marquart
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jörg J Möhrle
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215, Meyrin, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite increased international efforts for control and ultimate elimination, malaria remains a major health problem. Currently, artemisinin-based combination therapies are the treatment of choice for uncomplicated malaria exhibiting high efficacy in clinical trial settings in sub-Saharan Africa. However, their administration over a three-day period is associated with important problems of treatment adherence resulting in markedly reduced effectiveness of currently recommended antimalarials under real world settings. AREAS COVERED Antimalarial drug candidates and antimalarial drug combinations currently under advanced clinical development for the indication as single dose antimalarial therapy. Expert commentary: Several new drug candidates and combinations are currently undergoing pivotal proof-of-concept studies or clinical development programmes. The development of a single dose combination therapy would constitute a breakthrough in the control of malaria. Such an innovative treatment approach would simultaneously close the effectiveness gap of current three-day therapies and revolutionize population based interventions in the context of malaria elimination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Mischlinger
- a Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné , Lambaréné , Gabon.,b Institut für Tropenmedizin , Universität Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Selidji T Agnandji
- a Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné , Lambaréné , Gabon.,b Institut für Tropenmedizin , Universität Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Michael Ramharter
- a Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné , Lambaréné , Gabon.,b Institut für Tropenmedizin , Universität Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.,c Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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