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Choi W, Moon JH, Choi H, Lee H, Kim HK, Kang HC, Cho NH. Trajectory of lung function in diabetic adults: A 16-year follow-up study of community-based prospective cohorts. Respirology 2024; 29:413-420. [PMID: 38185765 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To investigate the difference in lung function according to diabetes status in a community-based prospective study. METHODS Individuals aged 40-69 years from two community-based cohorts were followed prospectively for 16 years. A spirometer was used to evaluate lung function at baseline, and lung function tests were carried out biennially thereafter. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed for the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses based on diabetes status. RESULTS Among the 6483 subjects, 2114 (32.6%) had prediabetes and 671 (10.4%) had diabetes. The prediabetes and diabetes groups had lower baseline % predicted values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (mean, -1.853; 95% confidence interval [CI] -2.715 to -0.990 for prediabetes and mean, -4.088; 95% CI -5.424 to -2.752 for diabetes) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (mean, -2.087; 95% CI -2.837 to -1.337 for prediabetes and mean, -4.622; 95% CI -5.784 to -3.460 for diabetes) compared to the normoglycemia group after adjusting for relevant covariates. The rate of decline in FEV1% predicted (mean, -0.227; 95% CI -0.366 to -0.089) and FVC % predicted (mean, -0.232; 95% CI -0.347 to -0.117) during follow-up were faster in the diabetes group than in the normoglycemia group. The diabetes group had a lower proportion of normal ventilation (ptrend = 0.048) and higher proportions of restrictive (ptrend = 0.001) and mixed (ptrend = 0.035) ventilatory disorders at the last follow-up. CONCLUSION Diabetes is associated with a lower baseline lung function and a faster rate of deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonsuk Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Joon Ho Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hayoung Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ho-Cheol Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Nam H Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Melén E, Faner R, Allinson JP, Bui D, Bush A, Custovic A, Garcia-Aymerich J, Guerra S, Breyer-Kohansal R, Hallberg J, Lahousse L, Martinez FD, Merid SK, Powell P, Pinnock H, Stanojevic S, Vanfleteren LEGW, Wang G, Dharmage SC, Wedzicha J, Agusti A. Lung-function trajectories: relevance and implementation in clinical practice. Lancet 2024; 403:1494-1503. [PMID: 38490231 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Lung development starts in utero and continues during childhood through to adolescence, reaching its peak in early adulthood. This growth is followed by gradual decline due to physiological lung ageing. Lung-function development can be altered by several host and environmental factors during the life course. As a result, a range of lung-function trajectories exist in the population. Below average trajectories are associated with respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental health comorbidities, as well as with premature death. This Review presents progressive research into lung-function trajectories and assists the implementation of this knowledge in clinical practice as an innovative approach to detect poor lung health early, monitor respiratory disease progression, and promote lung health. Specifically, we propose that, similar to paediatric height and weight charts used globally to monitor children's growth, lung-function charts could be used for both children and adults to monitor lung health status across the life course. To achieve this proposal, we introduce our free online Lung Function Tracker tool. Finally, we discuss challenges and opportunities for effective implementation of the trajectory concept at population level and outline an agenda for crucial research needed to support such implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rosa Faner
- University of Barcelona, FCRB-IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - James P Allinson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Dinh Bui
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Bush
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robab Breyer-Kohansal
- Department of Respiratory and Pulmonary Diseases and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Clinic Hietzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Fernando D Martinez
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Simon Kebede Merid
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sanja Stanojevic
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Lowie E G W Vanfleteren
- COPD Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jadwiga Wedzicha
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Respiratory Institute, Clinic Barcelona, Cathedra Salud Respiratoria-University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
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Schiffers C, Faner R, Ofenheimer A, Sunanta O, Puchhammer P, Mraz T, Breyer MK, Burghuber OC, Hartl S, Agustí A, Breyer-Kohansal R. Supranormal lung function: Prevalence, associated factors and clinical manifestations across the lifespan. Respirology 2023; 28:942-953. [PMID: 37434280 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE It is now well established that there are different life-long lung function trajectories in the general population, and that some are associated with better or worse health outcomes. Yet, the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of individuals with supranormal FEV1 or FVC values (above the upper-limit of normal [ULN]) in different age-bins through the lifetime in the general population are poorly understood. METHOD To address these questions, we investigated the prevalence of supranormal FEV1 and FVC values in the LEAD (Lung, hEart, sociAl and boDy) study, a general population cohort in Austria that includes participants from 6 to 82 years of age. RESULTS We found that: (1) the prevalence of supranormal pre-bronchodilator FEV1 and FVC values was 3.4% and 3.1%, respectively, and that these figures remained relatively stable through different age-bins except for participants >60 years., in whom they increased (5.0% and 4.2%, respectively). Approximately 50% of supranormal individuals had both increased FEV1 and FVC values; (2) supranormal spirometric values were consistently accompanied by higher static lung volumes and lower specific airway resistance through the lifespan, indicating better overall lung function; and (3) multivariate regression analysis identified that female sex, higher muscle mass (FFMI), less diabetes and fewer respiratory symptoms were consistently associated with supranormal FEV1 and FVC values. CONCLUSION Supranormal FEV1 and/or FVC values occur in about 3% of the general population in different age bins and are associated with better health markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Faner
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alina Ofenheimer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
- NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Owat Sunanta
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Tobias Mraz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Kathrin Breyer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, Vienna, Austria
| | - Otto Chris Burghuber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
- Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Hartl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, Vienna, Austria
- Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alvar Agustí
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robab Breyer-Kohansal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, Vienna, Austria
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Marciniuk DD, Becker EA, Kaminsky DA, McCormack MC, Stanojevic S, Bhakta NR, Bime C, Comondore V, Cowl CT, Dell S, Haynes J, Jaffe F, Mottram C, Sederstrom N, Townsend M, Iaccarino JM. Effect of Race and Ethnicity on Pulmonary Function Testing Interpretation: An American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST), American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC), American Thoracic Society (ATS), and Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) Evidence Review and Research Statement. Chest 2023; 164:461-475. [PMID: 36972760 PMCID: PMC10475820 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calls have been made to discontinue the routine use of race and ethnicity in medicine. Specific to respiratory medicine, the use of race- and ethnicity-specific reference equations for the interpretation of pulmonary function test (PFT) results has been questioned. RESEARCH QUESTIONS Three key questions were addressed: (1) What is the current evidence supporting the use of race- and ethnicity-specific reference equations for the interpretation of PFTs? (2) What are the potential clinical implications of the use or nonuse of race and ethnicity in interpreting PFT results? and (3) What research gaps and questions must be addressed and answered to understand better the effect of race and ethnicity on PFT results interpretation and potential clinical and occupational health implications? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A joint multisociety (American College of Chest Physicians, American Association for Respiratory Care, American Thoracic Society, and Canadian Thoracic Society) expert panel was formed to undertake a comprehensive evidence review and to develop a statement with recommendations to address the research questions. RESULTS Several assumptions and gaps, both in the published literature and in our evolving understanding of lung health, were identified. It seems that many past perceptions and practices regarding the effect of race and ethnicity on PFT results interpretation are based on limited scientific evidence and measures that lack reliability. INTERPRETATION A need exists for more and better research that will inform our field about these many uncertainties and will serve as a foundation for future recommendations in this area. The identified shortcomings should not be discounted or dismissed because they may enable flawed conclusions, unintended consequences, or both. Addressing the identified research gaps and needs would allow a better-a more informed-understanding of the effects of race and ethnicity on PFT results interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy D Marciniuk
- Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Respiratory Research Center, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK.
| | - Ellen A Becker
- Division of Respiratory Care, Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences Rush University, Chicago, IL
| | - David A Kaminsky
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
| | | | - Sanja Stanojevic
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Nirav R Bhakta
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Vikram Comondore
- Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON; Division of Respirology, William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON
| | - Clayton T Cowl
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine and the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sharon Dell
- Department of Pediatrics and BC Children's Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Haynes
- Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Elliot Health System, Manchester, NH
| | - Fred Jaffe
- Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Mary Townsend
- M.C. Townsend Associates, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jonathan M Iaccarino
- American College of Chest Physicians, Chicago, IL; Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA
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5
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Ekström M, Backman H, Mannino D. Addressing the origins and health effects of small lungs. Lancet Respir Med 2023:S2213-2600(23)00185-6. [PMID: 37354918 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Department of Medicine, Blekinge Hospital, Karlskrona SE-37185, Sweden; Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Helena Backman
- Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) Unit, Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David Mannino
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; COPD Foundation, Washington, DC, USA
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6
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Allinson JP, Chaturvedi N, Wong A, Shah I, Donaldson GC, Wedzicha JA, Hardy R. Early childhood lower respiratory tract infection and premature adult death from respiratory disease in Great Britain: a national birth cohort study. Lancet 2023; 401:1183-1193. [PMID: 36898396 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in early childhood are known to influence lung development and lifelong lung health, but their link to premature adult death from respiratory disease is unclear. We aimed to estimate the association between early childhood LRTI and the risk and burden of premature adult mortality from respiratory disease. METHODS This longitudinal observational cohort study used data collected prospectively by the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development in a nationally representative cohort recruited at birth in March, 1946, in England, Scotland, and Wales. We evaluated the association between LRTI during early childhood (age <2 years) and death from respiratory disease from age 26 through 73 years. Early childhood LRTI occurrence was reported by parents or guardians. Cause and date of death were obtained from the National Health Service Central Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) and population attributable risk associated with early childhood LRTI were estimated using competing risks Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for childhood socioeconomic position, childhood home overcrowding, birthweight, sex, and smoking at age 20-25 years. We compared mortality within the cohort studied with national mortality patterns and estimated corresponding excess deaths occurring nationally during the study period. FINDINGS 5362 participants were enrolled in March, 1946, and 4032 (75%) continued participating in the study at age 20-25 years. 443 participants with incomplete data on early childhood (368 [9%] of 4032), smoking (57 [1%]), or mortality (18 [<1%]) were excluded. 3589 participants aged 26 years (1840 [51%] male and 1749 [49%] female) were included in the survival analyses from 1972 onwards. The maximum follow-up time was 47·9 years. Among 3589 participants, 913 (25%) who had an LRTI during early childhood were at greater risk of dying from respiratory disease by age 73 years than those with no LRTI during early childhood (HR 1·93, 95% CI 1·10-3·37; p=0·021), after adjustment for childhood socioeconomic position, childhood home overcrowding, birthweight, sex, and adult smoking. This finding corresponded to a population attributable risk of 20·4% (95% CI 3·8-29·8) and 179 188 (95% CI 33 806-261 519) excess deaths across England and Wales between 1972 and 2019. INTERPRETATION In this prospective, life-spanning, nationally representative cohort study, LRTI during early childhood was associated with almost a two times increased risk of premature adult death from respiratory disease, and accounted for one-fifth of these deaths. FUNDING National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals Charity and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, UK Medical Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Peter Allinson
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Imran Shah
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Rebecca Hardy
- Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Calverley PMA, Walker PP. Contemporary Concise Review 2022: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology 2023; 28:428-436. [PMID: 36922031 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
International respiratory organizations now recommend using lower limit of normal and standardized residuals to diagnose airflow obstruction and COPD though using a fixed ratio <0.7 is simpler and robustly predicts important clinical outcomes. The most common COPD comorbidities are coronary artery calcification, emphysema and bronchiectasis. COPD patients with psychological (high anxiety and depression) and cachectic (underweight and osteoporotic) comorbidity have higher mortality and exacerbate more. Serum eosinophil count remains an important COPD biomarker and we have greater clarity about normal eosinophil levels in COPD and the wider population. Criteria for entry into COPD clinical trials continue to exclude many patients, in particular those at greater risk of exacerbation and death. The effect of hyperinflation on cardiac function impacts COPD mortality and is an important target for successful lung volume reduction procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M A Calverley
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paul P Walker
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Cestelli L, Johannessen A, Stavem K, Gulsvik A, Nielsen R. Period and cohort effects: consequences on spirometric lung function in Norway during the 20th century. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00302-2022. [PMID: 36655225 PMCID: PMC9835971 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00302-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Several factors can influence measured lung function over time. The aim of this study was to investigate period and cohort effects on spirometric measures in a large general population sample in Norway during the 20th century, using Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI-2012) equations as a reference. Methods 36 466 subjects (born 1894-1969) from four cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1965 and 1999 were included, with harmonised data on smoking habits, respiratory symptoms, lung diseases, education and spirometry. Changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) z-scores in healthy subjects across surveys were explored to investigate period effects. Linear mixed-effects models of FEV1 and FVC z-scores on birth cohort, with survey as random effect, were used to investigate cohort effects, both in subjects of the total population and in healthy ones. Results Relatively higher FEV1 and FVC z-scores in healthy subjects were found in the first survey (1965-1970) compared to the more recent ones (1988-1999), suggesting period effects. FEV1 and FVC z-scores increased significantly with birth cohort from 1894 to 1935, after adjustment for covariates. A more stable trend of FEV1 and FVC z-scores with birth cohort was evidenced for subjects born more recently (1945-1969). Conclusions An increase of lung function with year of birth was observed in Norwegian subjects during the first half of the 20th century. The impact of period effects on lung function decreased from 1965 to 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cestelli
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway,Corresponding author: Lucia Cestelli ()
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Stavem
- Pulmonary Department, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Langhammer A. Contributions to simplifying the global interpretation of spirometry: high quality spirometry data from Asia. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:2201608. [PMID: 36455961 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01608-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
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Tsuneyoshi S, Kawayama T, Sasaki J, Kinoshita T, Yano C, Tokunaga Y, Matsuoka M, Imaoka H, Matsunaga K, Furukawa K, Hoshino T. Poor Asthma Control in Schoolchildren May Lead to Lower Lung Function Trajectory from Childhood to Early Adulthood: A Japanese Cohort Study. J Asthma Allergy 2022; 15:885-896. [PMID: 35795074 PMCID: PMC9252319 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s366453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although childhood asthma is a risk factor for adult lung function disorders, the correlation between childhood asthma control level and lung function growth remains unclear in Japan. The correlation between childhood asthma control and early adulthood lung function growth was investigated in this study. Patients and Methods We included 505 children with asthma from the Omuta City Air Pollution-Related Health Damage Cohort Program. The characteristics and lung function of girls and boys aged 6–11 years and 12–17 years were compared between poor and good asthma control groups. Results Among the 505 children, 214 (42.4%) showed poor asthma control. The mean percentage forced expiratory volume in 1 second predicted for girls and boys aged 6–11 years (80.2% and 79.2%, respectively) and 12–17 years (80.0% and 81.1%, respectively) in the poor control group was significantly lower than those of girls and boys aged 6–11 years (87.9% and 87.3%, respectively) and 12–17 years (88.1% and 87.8%, respectively) in the good control group. However, a linear regression model did not reveal between-group differences in the slopes of lung function growth for both sexes. Girls (24.6%, P < 0.0001) and boys (24.4%, P = 0.0026) in the poor control group had a significantly higher proportion of young adults with obstructive ventilatory patterns than girls (1.4%) and boys (8.1%) in the good control group. Conclusion Our findings revealed that poor childhood asthma control leaded to lung function disorders, which suggest the importance of early asthma control in school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Tsuneyoshi
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Kawayama
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Jun Sasaki
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takashi Kinoshita
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Chiyo Yano
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tokunaga
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masanobu Matsuoka
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Haruki Imaoka
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kazuko Matsunaga
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kyoji Furukawa
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hoshino
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Arigliani M, Stanojevic S. The Challenges of Using Race- and Ethnicity-Based Spirometry Reference Equations in Genetically Admixed Populations. Chest 2022; 162:11-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Bhakta NR, Balmes JR. A Good Fit Versus One Size for All: Alternatives to Race in the Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Tests. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:616-618. [PMID: 35120297 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202201-0076ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nirav R Bhakta
- University of California San Francisco, 8785, San Francisco, California, United States;
| | - John R Balmes
- University of California, Berkeley, Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States.,University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States
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