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Romanelli MN, Braconi L, Gabellini A, Manetti D, Marotta G, Teodori E. Synthetic Approaches to Piperazine-Containing Drugs Approved by FDA in the Period of 2011-2023. Molecules 2023; 29:68. [PMID: 38202651 PMCID: PMC10780301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The piperazine moiety is often found in drugs or in bioactive molecules. This widespread presence is due to different possible roles depending on the position in the molecule and on the therapeutic class, but it also depends on the chemical reactivity of piperazine-based synthons, which facilitate its insertion into the molecule. In this paper, we take into consideration the piperazine-containing drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration between January 2011 and June 2023, and the synthetic methodologies used to prepare the compounds in the discovery and process chemistry are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Novella Romanelli
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Science, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.); (D.M.); (G.M.); (E.T.)
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2
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Ding J, Liu T, Zeng C, Li B, Ai Y, Zhang X, Zhong H. Design, synthesis, and anti-breast-cancer activity evaluation of pyrrolo(pyrido)[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03110-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
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Duggan S, Sheridan U, Deasy R, Murphy D, Moynihan L. How Women and Six Sigma Have Contributed to Pfizer’s Robustness Program. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duggan
- Ringaskiddy Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Plant, Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Ursula Sheridan
- Ringaskiddy Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Plant, Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Rebecca Deasy
- Ringaskiddy Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Plant, Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Murphy
- Ringaskiddy Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Plant, Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Lorna Moynihan
- Ringaskiddy Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Plant, Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
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Rayadurgam J, Sana S, Sasikumar M, Gu Q. Palladium catalyzed C–C and C–N bond forming reactions: an update on the synthesis of pharmaceuticals from 2015–2020. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Some of the most prominent and promising catalysts in organic synthesis for the requisite construction of C–C and C–N bonds are palladium (Pd) catalysts, which play a pivotal role in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandra Rayadurgam
- Research Center for Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Sravani Sana
- Alder Research Chemicals Private Limited
- CSIR-IICT
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - M. Sasikumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Tirupati
- India
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
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Konar D, Maru S, Kar S, Kumar K. Synthesis and Clinical Development of Palbociclib: An overview. Med Chem 2020; 18:2-25. [PMID: 33280599 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666201204161243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most commonly identified cancer in women in the United States after skin cancer. The past few years have seen a substantial increase in breast cancer awareness campaigns and active research in fields of diagnosis and targeted therapy. These factors have led to a better mechanistic understanding of the disease, detection at earlier stages and more personalized approach to treatment, ultimately causing a crucial increase in the survival rates after detection. However, with the advances in treatment, cases of patients developing primary resistance and acquired resistance are increasing. Most of the breast cancers which develop resistance to therapy are ER+ and are typically treated with tamoxifen and fulvestrant. These drugs either lower the levels of estrogen or inhibit the receptors for estrogen and prevent the tumor from spreading. Around one third of women treated with these drugs develop resistance to them, lowering their chances of survival. This has directed to the search of newer drug therapies to target advanced breast cancer and resistance. One of these efforts has resulted in the development of Palbociclib, a first in class inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6), which was granted accelerated approval from FDA for combination therapy in postmenopausal women with ER+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer. This review is focused on the various aspects of "Palbociclib" including its synthesis, molecular modeling studies and efficacy and safety profile with clinical trials data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Konar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab-160062. India
| | - Saurabh Maru
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, Maharashtra-425405. India
| | - Subhabrata Kar
- Schoolof Biosciences, ApeejayStya University, Sohna-Palwal Road, Sohna, Gurgaon, Haryana-122103. India
| | - Kapil Kumar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab-160062. India
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Li B, Li R, Dorff P, McWilliams JC, Guinn RM, Guinness SM, Han L, Wang K, Yu S. Deprotection of N-Boc Groups under Continuous-Flow High-Temperature Conditions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4846-4855. [PMID: 30620880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The scope of thermolytic, N-Boc deprotection was studied on 26 compounds from the Pfizer compound library, representing a diverse set of structural moieties. Among these compounds, 12 substrates resulted in clean (≥95% product) deprotection, and an additional three compounds gave ≥90% product. The thermal de-Boc conditions were found to be compatible with a large number of functional groups. A combination of computational modeling, statistical analysis, and kinetic model fitting was used to support an initial, slow, and concerted proton transfer with release of isobutylene, followed by a rapid decarboxylation. A strong correlation was found to exist between the electrophilicity of the N-Boc carbonyl group and the reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Li
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Ruizhi Li
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Peter Dorff
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - J Christopher McWilliams
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Robert M Guinn
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Steven M Guinness
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Lu Han
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Shu Yu
- Medicinal Science, Worldwide Research and Development , Pfizer Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
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8
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Fukuda T, Hara T, Ina S, Nemoto T, Oshima T. Development of a Synthetic Process for K-8986, an H1-Receptor Antagonist. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Fukuda
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Division, Kowa Company, Ltd., 2-17-43, Noguchicho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0022, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takeaki Hara
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Division, Kowa Company, Ltd., 2-17-43, Noguchicho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0022, Japan
| | - Shinji Ina
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Division, Kowa Company, Ltd., 2-17-43, Noguchicho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0022, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oshima
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Division, Kowa Company, Ltd., 2-17-43, Noguchicho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0022, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Flick
- Groton
Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445
Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Hong X. Ding
- Pharmacodia (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Carolyn A. Leverett
- Groton
Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445
Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert E. Kyne
- Celgene Corporation, 200 Cambridge
Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Kevin K. -C. Liu
- China Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | | | - Christopher J. O’Donnell
- Groton
Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445
Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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Maloney MT, Jones BP, Olivier MA, Magano J, Wang K, Ide ND, Palm AS, Bill DR, Leeman KR, Sutherland K, Draper J, Daly AM, Keane J, Lynch D, O’Brien M, Tuohy J. Palbociclib Commercial Manufacturing Process Development. Part II: Regioselective Heck Coupling with Polymorph Control for Processability. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark T. Maloney
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Brian P. Jones
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mark A. Olivier
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Javier Magano
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Nathan D. Ide
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Andrew S. Palm
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David R. Bill
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kyle R. Leeman
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Karen Sutherland
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - John Draper
- Pfizer Global R&D, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joseph Keane
- Pfizer Global Supply, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Denis Lynch
- Pfizer Global Supply, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Marie O’Brien
- Pfizer Global Supply, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Joanne Tuohy
- Pfizer Global Supply, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
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Duan S, Place D, Perfect HH, Ide ND, Maloney M, Sutherland K, Price Wiglesworth KE, Wang K, Olivier M, Kong F, Leeman K, Blunt J, Draper J, McAuliffe M, O’Sullivan M, Lynch D. Palbociclib Commercial Manufacturing Process Development. Part I: Control of Regioselectivity in a Grignard-Mediated SNAr Coupling. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengquan Duan
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David Place
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Hahdi H. Perfect
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Nathan D. Ide
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mark Maloney
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Karen Sutherland
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kristin E. Price Wiglesworth
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mark Olivier
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Fangming Kong
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kyle Leeman
- Chemical
Research and Development and Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jon Blunt
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Process Development Facility, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
| | - John Draper
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Process Development Facility, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Denis Lynch
- Pfizer Global Supply, Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork, Ireland
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