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Kolodziejczyk A, Wheeler J, Tran NT, Jaye C, Knorr D. Elucidation of Surface Functional Groups Deposited by Electrochemical Surface Treatment of Discontinuous Carbon Fiber by NEXAFS and XPS. Langmuir 2023; 39:18289-18301. [PMID: 38061034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Control of carbon fiber heteroatom (oxygen and nitrogen) functionalization using electrochemical oxidation is explored in a variety of electrolyte solutions. Results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy indicate that most electrolytes in aqueous and anodic conditions are limited to heteroatom surface content of no more than 13 atomic percent (at %) with a majority C-O and/or C-N moieties; the remaining moieties include an oxidative sequence of carbon (alcohol to ketone to carboxylate) and more complex O- and N-containing groups. The pH of the electrolyte solution was found to be crucial in controlling the ratio of the amount of oxygen to nitrogen functionalities, with the increased basicity of solution resulting in higher nitrogen deposition. The oxidative (and/or thermal) decomposition of many electrolytes during electrochemical treatment can have a major impact on functionalization through changes to pH. Oxidation of carbon fiber in some electrolyte solutions showed higher surface concentrations of heteroatoms (25-30 at %) than most electrolytes (13 at %). Mechanisms were proposed to explain how some electrolytes can exceed 13 at % of heteroatom deposition. Specifically, we hypothesized that electrolytes that contain organic ions with chelation capabilities and moieties that produce additional sites of functionalization can overcome that threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Kolodziejczyk
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0401, United States
| | - Jacob Wheeler
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-5031, United States
| | - Ngon T Tran
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Cherno Jaye
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Daniel Knorr
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
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Zhang Y, Selvarajan V, Shi K, Kim CJ. Fabrication and characterization of glucose-oxidase-trehalase electrode based on nanomaterial-coated carbon paper. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33918-33928. [PMID: 38020009 PMCID: PMC10658183 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01554h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multienzyme systems are essential for utilizing di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides as fuels in enzymatic fuel cells effectively. However, the transfer of electrons generated by one enzymatic reaction in a multienzyme cascade at the electrode may be impeded by other enzymes, potentially hindering the overall efficiency. In this study, carbon paper was first modified by incorporating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) sequentially. Subsequently, glucose oxidase (GOx) and a trehalase-gelatin mixture were immobilized separately on the nanostructured carbon paper via layer-by-layer adsorption to mitigate the electron transfer hindrance caused by trehalase. The anode was first fabricated by immobilizing GOx and trehalase on the modified carbon paper, and the cathode was then fabricated by immobilizing bilirubin oxidase on the nanostructured electrode. The SWCNTs and AuNPs were distributed adequately on the electrode surface, which improved the electrode performance, as demonstrated by electrochemical and morphological analyses. An enzymatic fuel cell was assembled and tested using trehalose as the fuel, and a maximum power density of 23 μW cm-2 was obtained at a discharge current density of 60 μA cm-2. The anode exhibited remarkable reusability and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Varshini Selvarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Joon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University 501, Jinju-daero Jinju Gyeongnam 52828 Republic of Korea
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3
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Mal S, Duarte E Souza L, Allard C, David C, Blais-Ouellette S, Gaboury L, Tang NYW, Martel R. Duplex Phenotype Detection and Targeting of Breast Cancer Cells Using Nanotube Nanoprobes and Raman Imaging. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:1173-1184. [PMID: 36795958 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We designed, synthesized, and characterized a Raman nanoprobe made of dye-sensitized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that can selectively target biomarkers of breast cancer cells. The nanoprobe is composed of Raman-active dyes encapsulated inside a SWCNT, whose surface is covalently grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) at a density of ∼0.7% per carbon. Using α-sexithiophene- and β-carotene-derived nanoprobes covalently bound to an antibody, either anti-E-cadherin (E-cad) or anti-keratin-19 (KRT19), we prepared two distinct nanoprobes that specifically recognize biomarkers on breast cancer cells. Immunogold experiments and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images are first used to guide the synthesis protocol for higher PEG-antibody attachment and biomolecule loading capacity. The duplex of nanoprobes was then applied to target E-cad and KRT19 biomarkers in T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Hyperspectral imaging of specific Raman bands allows for simultaneous detection of this nanoprobe duplex on target cells without the need for additional filters or subsequent incubation steps. Our results confirm the high reproducibility of the nanoprobe design for duplex detection and highlight the potential of Raman imaging for advanced biomedical applications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Mal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Layane Duarte E Souza
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Charlotte Allard
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Carolane David
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | | | - Louis Gaboury
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Y-W Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Richard Martel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Park M, Choi IS, Ju SY. Quantification and removal of carbonaceous impurities in a surfactant-assisted carbon nanotube dispersion and its implication on electronic properties. Nanoscale Adv 2022; 4:3537-3548. [PMID: 36134357 PMCID: PMC9400498 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00153e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbonaceous impurities (CIs) affect the optoelectronic properties as well as the ability to use absorption spectroscopy to estimate the metallic content of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) dispersion. Therefore, a method for the accurate quantification and removal of CIs is required. We have devised methods to characterize and quantify CIs present in SWNT batches and to determine the effects of CIs on the optical and electrical properties of SWNT. Quantitative determination of CIs stems from the finding that chloroform selectively disperses CIs present in SWNT batches. CIs separated by dispersing the as-purchased SWNT batch in chloroform have the morphology of defective and agglomerated few-layered graphenes, whose sizes and locations depend on SWNT batches. Moreover, CIs exhibit a featureless UV-vis-mid-wavelength IR (MWIR) absorption curve and an extinction coefficient comparable to graphenes and show difference with carbon black, which is frequently used as the CI reference. The MWIR region that shows least absorptions caused by the transition of various SWNT types was utilized to assess the significant contribution made by CIs present in a surfactant-assisted SWNT dispersion, showing about 12-19 wt% of CIs in various SWNT dispersions. In addition, the extraction of CIs with chloroform results in a highly purified SWNT batch without any diameter distribution change originating from oxidative damage as compared to the commercially available purified SWNT batch. Finally, we found that increasing the weight of CIs present in a SWNT dispersion strongly lowers the thermal conductivity of a SWNT film when compared with the electrical conductivity. This study provides a way to understand the negative effects that CI has on the optoelectronic properties of SWNTs as well as the beneficial effects of excluding ubiquitous CIs in SWNTs batches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea +82-2-2123-5639
| | - In-Seung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea +82-2-2123-5639
| | - Sang-Yong Ju
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea +82-2-2123-5639
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Li Z, Zou J, Xi X, Fan P, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Banham D, Yang D, Dong A. Native Ligand Carbonization Renders Common Platinum Nanoparticles Highly Durable for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction: Annealing Temperature Matters. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2202743. [PMID: 35426176 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current protocols for synthesizing monodisperse platinum (Pt) nanoparticles typically involve the use of hydrocarbon molecules as surface-capping ligands. Using Pt nanoparticles as catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), however, these ligands must be removed to expose surface sites. Here, highly durable ORR catalysts are realized without ligand removal; instead, the native ligands are converted into ultrathin, conformal graphitic shells by simple thermal annealing. Strikingly, the annealing temperature is a critical factor dictating the ORR performance of Pt catalysts. Pt nanoparticles treated at 500 °C show a very poor ORR activity, whereas those annealed at 700 °C become highly active along with exceptional stability. In-depth characterization reveals that thermal treatment from 500 to 700 °C gradually opens up the porosity in carbon shells through graphitization. Importantly, such graphitic-shell-coated Pt catalysts exhibit a superior ORR stability, largely retaining the activity after 20 000 cycles in a membrane electrode assembly. Moreover, this ligand carbonization strategy can be extended to modify commercial Pt/C catalysts with substantially enhanced stability. This work demonstrates the feasibility of boosting the ORR performance of common Pt nanoparticles by harnessing the native surface ligands, offering a robust approach of designing highly durable catalysts for proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jinxiang Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiangyun Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Pengshuo Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Ye Peng
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Guangdong TaiJi Power, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Dustin Banham
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Guangdong TaiJi Power, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Angang Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Xu L, Wu C, Chai C, Cao S, Bai X, Ma K, Jin X, Shi X, Jin P. Adsorption of micropollutants from wastewater using iron and nitrogen co-doped biochar: Performance, kinetics and mechanism studies. J Hazard Mater 2022; 424:127606. [PMID: 34808447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel iron and nitrogen co-doped biochar (Fe/N-biochar) was successfully prepared and employed as an efficient adsorbent for micropollutants. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe/N-biochar for bisphenol A (BPA) was 54 mg/g, which is significantly better than that of commercial graphene (19 mg/g) and activated carbon (6 mg/g). Additionally, for eight other common micropollutants (e.g., phenol, acetaminophen, and sulfamethoxazole), Fe/N-biochar also exhibited highly enhanced adsorption performance. The results of adsorption kinetics and isotherms studies showed that the adsorption of micropollutants onto Fe/N-biochar is by monolayer coverage. Thermodynamic studies further suggested that the adsorption process is feasible, spontaneous, and chemical in nature. The adsorption mechanism was investigated by correlation analysis between the adsorption capacity and the physiochemical properties of Fe/N-biochar. The results demonstrated that the strengthening of π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions between the organics and the adsorbent caused by the co-doping of iron and nitrogen was the dominant driving force behind the efficient adsorption of micropollutants. Furthermore, graphitic N and Fe-Nx were identified as the major adsorption sites. Simple heat treatment could effectively restore the adsorption capacity of Fe/N-biochar that had reached adsorption equilibrium. In view of its simple preparation method, highly enhanced adsorption capacity, and excellent recyclability, the prepared Fe/N-biochar can be regarded as a promising candidate for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Cheng Chai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Siyu Cao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Keying Ma
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China; School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Pengkang Jin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yanta Road, No.13, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China; School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China.
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Chen H, Yu L, Saravanan K, Li Y, Ma X, Wen Z, Li Y. N-doped carbon nanotube encapsulated cobalt for efficient oxidative esterification of 5‑hydroxymethylfurfural. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00542a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cobalt nanoparticles embedded into graphitic nitrogen-rich carbon nanotube (Co/GCN) was prepared with a facile method and employed as an efficient catalyst for oxidative esterification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The introduction...
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Sivkov DV, Petrova OV, Nekipelov SV, Vinogradov AS, Skandakov RN, Isaenko SI, Ob'edkov AM, Kaverin BS, Vilkov IV, Korolev RI, Sivkov VN. The Identification of Cu-O-C Bond in Cu/MWCNTs Hybrid Nanocomposite by XPS and NEXAFS Spectroscopy. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2993. [PMID: 34835757 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The results of the research of a composite based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated with CuO/Cu2O/Cu nanoparticles deposited by the cupric formate pyrolysis are discussed. The study used a complementary set of methods, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Raman, and ultrasoft X-ray spectroscopy. The investigation results show the good adhesion between the copper nanoparticles coating and the MWCNT surface through the oxygen atom bridge formation between the carbon atoms of the MWCNT outer graphene layer and the oxygen atoms of CuO and Cu2O oxides. The formation of the Cu–O–C bond between the coating layer and the outer nanotube surface is clearly confirmed by the results of the O 1s near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the Cu/MWCNTs nanocomposite. The XPS measurements were performed using a laboratory spectrometer with sample charge compensation, and the NEXAFS studies were carried out using the synchrotron radiation of the Russian–German dipole beamline at BESSY-II (Berlin, Germany) and the NanoPES station at the Kurchatov Center for Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology (Moscow, Russia).
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Cui T, Ma L, Wang S, Ye C, Liang X, Zhang Z, Meng G, Zheng L, Hu HS, Zhang J, Duan H, Wang D, Li Y. Atomically Dispersed Pt-N 3C 1 Sites Enabling Efficient and Selective Electrocatalytic C-C Bond Cleavage in Lignin Models under Ambient Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9429-9439. [PMID: 34138542 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective cleavage of C-C linkages is the key and a challenge for lignin degradation to harvest value-added aromatic compounds. To this end, electrocatalytic oxidation presents a promising technique by virtue of mild reaction conditions and strong sustainability. However, the existing electrocatalysts (traditional bulk metal and metal oxides) for C-C bond oxidative cleavage suffer from poor selectivity and low product yields. We show for the first time that atomically dispersed Pt-N3C1 sites planted on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (Pt1/N-CNTs), constructed via a stepwise polymerization-carbonization-electrostatic adsorption strategy, are highly active and selective toward Cα-Cβ bond cleavage in β-O-4 model compounds under ambient conditions. Pt1/N-CNTs exhibits 99% substrate conversion with 81% yield of benzaldehyde, which is exceptional and unprecedented compared with previously reported electrocatalysts. Moreover, Pt1/N-CNTs using only 0.41 wt % Pt achieved a much higher benzaldehyde yield than those of the state-of-the-art bulk Pt electrode (100 wt % Pt) and commercial Pt/C catalyst (20 wt % Pt). Systematic experimental investigation together with density functional theory (DFT) calculation suggests that the superior performance of Pt1/N-CNTs arises from the atomically dispersed Pt-N3C1 sites facilitating the formation of a key Cβ radical intermediate, further inducing a radical/radical cross-coupling path to break the Cα-Cβ bond. This work opens up opportunities in lignin valorization via a green and sustainable electrochemical route with ultralow noble metal usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lina Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shibin Wang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chenliang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy & State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Bozeya A, Makableh YF, Abu-zurayk R, Khalaf A, Al Bawab A. Thermal and Structural Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites: A Comparison Study. Chemosensors 2021; 9:136. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9060136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of functionalization of carbon nanotubes on the properties of nanocomposite sheets prepared from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated. Carbon nanotubes were first oxidized, followed by amine group functionalization. The Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results confirm the presence of oxygenated and amide groups at the surface of the CNTs after each treatment. The HDPE/CNT nanocomposites sheets were prepared using a melt compounding method. Six types of CNTs were used; pristine Single-walled Carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and pristine Multi-walled Carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), oxidized (O-SWCNT and O-MWCNT) and amide (Amide-SWCNT and Amide-MWCNT). All prepared nanocomposite sheets were characterized using Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). TGA results measured increased thermal stability of the polymer with the addition of CNTs, O-MWCNT showed the best enhancement. XRD measurements confirmed that the addition of CNTs did not change the crystal structure of the polymer, although the crystallinity was decreased. The maximum crystallinity decrease resulted from O-SWNTs addition to the polymer matrix. SEM imaging showed that oxidized and functionalized CNTs have more even dispersion in the polymer matrix compared with pristine CNTs.
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Cittan M. Development of a spiramycin sensor based on adsorptive stripping linear sweep voltammetry and its application for the determination of spiramycin in chicken egg samples. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:463-474. [PMID: 34104057 PMCID: PMC8164207 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2010-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, an adsorptive stripping linear sweep voltammetric technique was described to determine spiramycin, a macrolide antibiotic, using a carboxylic multiwalled glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon nanotubes. The main principle of the analytical methodology proposed was based on the preconcentration of spiramycin by open-circuit accumulation of the macrolide onto the modified electrode surface. As a result of the adsorption affinity of spiramycin to the modified surface, the sensitivity of the glassy carbon electrode was significantly increased for the determination of spiramycin. The electrochemical behavior of spiramycin was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and the irreversible anodic peak observed was measured as an analytical signal in the methodology. The proposed electrochemical sensing platform was quite linear in the range of 0.100–40.0 µM of spiramycin concentration with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification were 0.028 and 0.094 µM, respectively. The intra- and interday repeatability of the proposed sensor was within acceptable limits. Finally, the applicability of the electrochemical methodology was examined by determining the drug content of chicken egg samples spiked with spiramycin standard. A rapid and easy extraction technique was performed to extract spiked spiramycin from the egg samples. The extraction technique followed had good recovery values between 85.3 ± 4.0% and 93.4 ± 1.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cittan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa Turkey
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12
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Fu D, Zhang Q, Chen P, Zheng X, Hao J, Mo P, Liu H, Liu G, Lv W. Efficient removal of bisphenol pollutants on imine-based covalent organic frameworks: adsorption behavior and mechanism. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18308-18320. [PMID: 35480924 PMCID: PMC9033470 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02342j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of bisphenol analogues in industry has aggravated the contamination of the water environment, and how to effectively remove them has become a research hotspot. This study presents two imine-based covalent organic frameworks with different pore sizes (COFs) [TAPB (1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene)-Dva (2,5-divinylterephthaldehyde)-PDA (terephthalaldehyde) (COF-1), and TAPB (1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene)-Dva (2,5-divinylterephthaldehyde)-BPDA (biphenyl dialdehyde) (COF-2)], which have achieved the efficient adsorption of bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol A (BPA). The maximum adsorption capacity of COF-2 for BPS and BPA obtained from Langmuir isotherms were calculated as 200.00 mg g−1 and 149.25 mg g−1. Both hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions might have been responsible for the adsorption of BPS and BPA on the COFs, where the high adsorption capacity of COFs was due to their unique pore dimensions and structures. Different types of pharmaceutical adsorption studies indicated that COF-2 exhibited a higher adsorption performance for different types of pharmaceuticals than COF-1, and the adsorption capacity was ranked as follows: bisphenol pharmaceuticals > anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals > sulfa pharmaceuticals. These results confirmed that COFs with larger pore sizes were more conducive to the adsorption of pollutants with smaller molecular dimensions. Moreover, COF-1 and COF-2 possessed excellent pH stability and recyclability, which suggested strong potential applications for these novel adsorbents in the remediation of organic pollutants in natural waterways and aqueous ecosystems. Two imine-based covalent organic frameworks with different pore sizes were synthesized, and can be used as adsorbents for the removal of bisphenol pollutants, showing high affinity toward bisphenol S and bisphenol A.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijun Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
| | - Qianxin Zhang
- School of Environmental, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University Bejing 100084 China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
| | - Xiaoshan Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
| | - Jun Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
| | - Peiying Mo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
| | - Haijin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
| | - Wenying Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China +86-13538982812 +86-20-39322547
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13
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Lin Y, Liu Z, Yu L, Zhang G, Tan H, Wu K, Song F, Mechler AK, Schleker PPM, Lu Q, Zhang B, Heumann S. Overall Oxygen Electrocatalysis on Nitrogen-Modified Carbon Catalysts: Identification of Active Sites and In Situ Observation of Reactive Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3299-3306. [PMID: 33151593 PMCID: PMC7898341 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The recent mechanistic understanding of active sites, adsorbed intermediate products, and rate-determining steps (RDS) of nitrogen (N)-modified carbon catalysts in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are still rife with controversy because of the inevitable coexistence of diverse N configurations and the technical limitations for the observation of formed intermediates. Herein, seven kinds of aromatic molecules with designated single N species are used as model structures to investigate the explicit role of each common N group in both ORR and OER. Specifically, dynamic evolution of active sites and key adsorbed intermediate products including O2 (ads), superoxide anion O2 - *, and OOH* are monitored with in situ spectroscopy. We propose that the formation of *OOH species from O2 - * (O2 - *+H2 O→OOH*+OH- ) is a possible RDS during the ORR process, whereas the generation of O2 from OOH* species is the most likely RDS during the OER process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangming Lin
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Zigeng Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK-9)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
| | - Linhui Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Gui‐Rong Zhang
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Strasse 864287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Hao Tan
- National Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230029P. R. China
| | - Kuang‐Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesKensington, SydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Feihong Song
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Anna K. Mechler
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - P. Philipp M. Schleker
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK-9)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
| | - Qing Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Bingsen Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016P. R. China
| | - Saskia Heumann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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14
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Adeniyi O, Sicwetsha S, Adesina A, Mashazi P. Immunoassay detection of tumor-associated autoantibodies using protein G bioconjugated to nanomagnet-silica decorated with Au@Pd nanoparticles. Talanta 2021; 226:122127. [PMID: 33676681 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A colorimetric immunosensor was developed for the detection of tumor-associated anti-p53 autoantibodies (anti-p53aAbs). The immunosensor platform was prepared by immobilizing human-protein (p53Ag) onto a high binding 96-well plate. The immunoassay was based on the immunometric sandwich protocol, and protein G functionalized nanomagnet-silica nanoparticles decorated with Au@Pd (Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-Au@Pd0.30NPs-protG) was used as the detection nanobioprobe. The Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-Au@Pd0.30NPs-protG exhibited a high binding affinity for the captured anti-p53aAbs and high catalytic performance towards the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The oxidation of TMB resulted in significant color change and a UV-vis absorption signal. The detection was achieved by measuring the changes in UV-Vis absorption as the concentrations of anti-p53aAbs changed. The apparent binding affinity (KD) between the p53aAbs and Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-Au@Pd0.30NPs-protG was 35.2 ng mL-1. The plot of change in the absorption intensity against the logarithm of anti-p53aAbs was linear within 1.0-500.0 ng mL-1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.98. The detection limit (LoD) using 3σ was calculated to be 15 pg mL-1, which is lower than the conventional HRP-label based colorimetric immunoassay. The real sample detection was investigated using the serum recovery method. The recovery of the anti-p53aAbs ranges from 98.5% to 105.7%, demonstrating its potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo Adeniyi
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa
| | | | - Abiola Adesina
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa
| | - Philani Mashazi
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa; Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa.
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15
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Lin Y, Liu Z, Yu L, Zhang G, Tan H, Wu K, Song F, Mechler AK, Schleker PPM, Lu Q, Zhang B, Heumann S. Gesamt‐Sauerstoff‐Elektrokatalyse auf stickstoffmodifizierten Kohlenstoffkatalysatoren: Identifizierung aktiver Zentren und In‐situ‐Beobachtung reaktiver Zwischenprodukte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangming Lin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Zigeng Liu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK-9) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Deutschland
| | - Linhui Yu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Gui‐Rong Zhang
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Hao Tan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230029 VR China
| | - Kuang‐Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Kensington, Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Feihong Song
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Anna K. Mechler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - P. Philipp M. Schleker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK-9) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Deutschland
| | - Qing Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Bingsen Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 VR China
| | - Saskia Heumann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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16
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Bathellier A, Moreno D, Maron L, Dinoi C, Rosal I. Grafting of Lanthanum Complexes on a Functionalized Graphene Surface: Theoretical Investigation on Ethylene and 1,3‐Butadiene Homo‐ and Co‐Polymerization. Chemistry 2020; 26:13213-13225. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Bathellier
- INSA, UPS, CNRS (UMR 5215), Institut National des, Sciences Appliquées, LPCNO (IRSAMC) Université de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Diego Moreno
- INSA, UPS, CNRS (UMR 5215), Institut National des, Sciences Appliquées, LPCNO (IRSAMC) Université de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Laurent Maron
- INSA, UPS, CNRS (UMR 5215), Institut National des, Sciences Appliquées, LPCNO (IRSAMC) Université de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- INSA, UPS, CNRS (UMR 5215), Institut National des, Sciences Appliquées, LPCNO (IRSAMC) Université de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Iker Rosal
- INSA, UPS, CNRS (UMR 5215), Institut National des, Sciences Appliquées, LPCNO (IRSAMC) Université de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
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Deline AR, Frank BP, Smith CL, Sigmon LR, Wallace AN, Gallagher MJ, Goodwin DG, Durkin DP, Fairbrother DH. Influence of Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups on the Environmental Properties, Transformations, and Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11651-11697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa R. Deline
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Benjamin P. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Casey L. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Leslie R. Sigmon
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Alexa N. Wallace
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Miranda J. Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - David G. Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David P. Durkin
- Department of Chemistry, United States Naval Academy, 572M Holloway Road, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, United States
| | - D. Howard Fairbrother
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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18
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Wang R, Huang Y, Chen Y, Chi Y. Electrochemiluminescence from the Graphene- and Fullerene-Like Nanostructures of Glassy Carbon Microspheres and Its Application in Immunoassay. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:6358-6367. [PMID: 35021766 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glassy carbon (GC) as a well-known electrode material has recently been proposed to consist of fullerene-like nanostructures. In order to verify the nanostructures in GC, find more physiochemical properties of GC, and develop sensors based on GC-related carbon nanomaterials, we investigated the morphologies and surface states of GC microspheres (GCMs) and their HNO3-oxidized products (ox-GCMs) with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemiluminescence (ECL), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron-paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Our research results reveal that ox-GCMs rather than raw GCMs have abundant surface states, including many carboxyl groups (-COOH), surface defects (or carbon edges), and C-related dandling bonds. The surface states with a band gap of 2.14 eV endow ox-GCMs with strong cathodic ECL activity in the presence of peroxydisulfate (S2O82-). The ECL behaviors and maximum emission wavelength (580 nm) of ox-GCMs are very similar to those of small-sized graphene quantum dots and fullerene-like nanosheets, verifying that GCMs are essentially 3-D nanomaterials consisting of graphene or fullerene-like carbon nanostructures. It is for the first time that a microsized carbon material was reported to have good ECL activity in aqueous media. Possible mechanisms for surface state formation and ECL reactions are proposed for ox-GCMs, and a promising application of ox-GCMs in ECL immunosensing has been demonstrated by determining prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a model cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.,Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian 362011, P. R. China
| | - Yun Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yipeng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yuwu Chi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
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19
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Abstract
Silicene as a novel and unique two-dimensional nanomaterial attracts considerable research interest; however, obtaining free-standing silicene still poses challenges due to its instability in air. In this work, we report the synthesis of protected silicene through chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in which silicene is sandwiched by graphene (G@S@G) covered on a Cu substrate. Graphene plays the role of both a substrate and protector, which can help silicene stabilize in air. These findings were verified by means of advanced microscopic and spectroscopic investigations accompanied by density functional theory (DFT) simulations. A large area of G@S@G can be obtained and tailored in any type of shape based on the Cu film. G@S@G shows n-type semiconductor character confirmed by a field-effect transistor (FET) device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Nie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Stepan Kashtanov
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Huilong Dong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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20
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Xiao W, Sun Q, Liu J, Xiao B, Li X, Glans PA, Li J, Li R, Li X, Guo J, Yang W, Sham TK, Sun X. Engineering Surface Oxygenated Functionalities on Commercial Carbon toward Ultrafast Sodium Storage in Ether-Based Electrolytes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:37116-37127. [PMID: 32701256 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of a high-capacity anode material has been urgently required for commercializing sodium-ion batteries with a high energy density and an improved working safety. In the absence of thermodynamically stable sodium intercalated compounds with graphite, constructing nanostructures with expanded interlayer distances is still the mainstream option for developing high-performance carbonaceous anodes. In this regard, a surface-functionalized and pore-forming strategy through a facile CO2 thermal etching route was rationally adopted to engineer negligible oxygenated functionalities on commercial carbon for boosting the sodium storage process. Benefitted from the abundant ionic/electronic pathways and more active reaction sites in the microporous structure with noticeable pseudocapacitive behaviors, the functionalized porous carbon could achieve a highly reversible capacity of 505 mA h g-1 at 50 mA g-1, an excellent rate performance of 181 mA h g-1 at 16,000 mA g-1, and an exceptional rate cycle stability of 176 mA h g-1 at 3200 mA g-1 over 1000 cycles. These outstanding electrochemical properties should be ascribed to a synergistic mechanism, fully utilizing the graphitic and amorphous structures for synchronous intercalations of sodium ions and solvated sodium ion compounds, respectively. Additionally, the controllable generation and evolution of a robust but thin solid electrolyte interphase film with the emergence of obvious capacitive reactions on the defective surface, favoring the rapid migration of sodium ions and solvated species, also contribute to a remarkable electrochemical performance of this porous carbon black.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
- Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Biwei Xiao
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Per-Anders Glans
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ruying Li
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Xifei Li
- Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wanli Yang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
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21
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Tiede DM, Kwon G, He X, Mulfort KL, Martinson ABF. Characterizing electronic and atomic structures for amorphous and molecular metal oxide catalysts at functional interfaces by combining soft X-ray spectroscopy and high-energy X-ray scattering. Nanoscale 2020; 12:13276-13296. [PMID: 32567636 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02350g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous thin film materials and heterogenized molecular catalysts supported on electrode and other functional interfaces are widely investigated as promising catalyst formats for applications in solar and electrochemical fuels catalysis. However the amorphous character of these catalysts and the complexity of the interfacial architectures that merge charge transport properties of electrode and semiconductor supports with discrete sites for multi-step catalysis poses challenges for probing mechanisms that activate and tune sites for catalysis. This minireview discusses advances in soft X-ray spectroscopy and high-energy X-ray scattering that provide opportunities to resolve interfacial electronic and atomic structures, respectively, that are linked to catalysis. This review discusses how these techniques can be partnered with advances in nanostructured interface synthesis for combined soft X-ray spectroscopy and high-energy X-ray scattering analyses of thin film and heterogenized molecular catalysts. These combined approaches enable opportunities for the characterization of both electronic and atomic structures underlying fundamental catalytic function, and that can be applied under conditions relevant to device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Tiede
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA.
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22
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Kim JH, Jin JH, Min NK. Enhanced Stability and Amplified Signal Output of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube-Based NH 3-Sensitive Electrode after Dual Plasma Treatment. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10061026. [PMID: 32471170 PMCID: PMC7352858 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pristine nanomaterials are normally prepared using finely controlled fabrication processes. Because no imperfect nanostructure remains, they cannot be used directly as electrode substrates of functional devices. This is because perfectly organized nanostructures or nanomaterials commonly require posttreatment to generate intentionally, the kinds of desirable defects inside or on their surfaces that enable effective functionalization. Plasma treatment is an easier, simpler and more widely used way (relative to other methods) to modify a variety of nanomaterials, although plasma-functionalized nano surfaces commonly have a short lifetime. We present herein a dual plasma treatment (DPT) that significantly enhances the degree and lifetime of plasma-induced surface functional groups on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The DPT process consists of two individually optimized oxygen-plasma treatments. The DPT-modified SWCNT functioned as a sensing material for ammonia gas for more than a month. It also provided more than three times the degree of functionality for amplified signal output than with a single-plasma-treated SWCNT electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Hyub Kim
- Department of Nanomechatronics Engineering, Pusan University, Busan, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Joon-Hyung Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosna-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16227, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.J.); (N.K.M.)
| | - Nam Ki Min
- Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.J.); (N.K.M.)
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23
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Feng J, Xiao M, Hui Z, Shen D, Tian Y, Hang C, Duley WW, Zhou NY. High-Performance Magnesium-Carbon Nanofiber Hygroelectric Generator Based on Interface-Mediation-Enhanced Capacitive Discharging Effect. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:24289-24297. [PMID: 32364363 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the concept of a water/moisture-induced hygroelectric generator based on the direct contact between magnesium (Mg) alloy and oxidized carbon nanofibers (CNFs). This device generates an open-circuit voltage up to 2.65 V within only 10 ms when the unit is placed in contact with liquid water, which is higher than the reduction potential of magnesium. The average peak short-circuit current density is ∼6 mA/cm2, which is among the highest values yet reported for water-induced electricity generators. Our results indicate that galvanic corrosion occurs at the interface between the CNF and Mg electrode, but the device can still generate electricity because of the high contact resistance caused by the work function difference between Mg and CNF and the surface oxidation. The oxidized CNF is shown to absorb water/moisture and get reduced, leading to a capacitive discharging effect to provide enhanced signal amplitude and sensitivity. These devices are found to be highly sensitive to small quantities of water, and their high output voltage and current make them useful for the detection of water vapor in the human breath as well as changes in ambient humidity. The Mg/CNF systems thus provide a new technology for use in the fabrication of self-powered water/moisture sensors and the development of portable electric power generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ming Xiao
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhuang Hui
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Daozhi Shen
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yanhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunjin Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Walter W Duley
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Norman Y Zhou
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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24
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Yang G, Tong L, Liu X. Design and Properties of Fluoroelastomer Composites via Incorporation of MWCNTs with Varied Modification. Chin J Polym Sci 2020; 38:983-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Dey A, Ghosh P, Bowen J, Braithwaite NSJ, Krishnamurthy S. Engineering work function of graphene oxide from p to n type using a low power atmospheric pressure plasma jet. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7685-7698. [PMID: 32031552 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06174f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate doping graphene oxide (GO) films using a low power atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with subsequent tuning of the work function. The surface potential of the plasma functionalized GO films could be tuned by 120 ± 10 mV by varying plasma parameters. X-ray spectroscopy used to probe these changes in electronic structure of systematically functionalized GO films by plasma. Detailed investigation using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy revealed the reactive nitrogen species in the plasma induce finite changes in the surface chemistry of the GO films, introducing additional density of states near the top of the valence band edge. Nitrogen introduced by the atmospheric pressure plasma is predominantly in a graphitic configuration with a varying concentration of pyridinic nitrogen. Additionally, evidence of gradual de-epoxidation of these GO films with increasing plasma exposure was also observed. We attribute this variation in work function values to the configuration of nitrogen in the graphitic structure as revealed by X-ray spectroscopy. With pyridinic nitrogen the electronic states of GO became electron deficient, inducing a p-type doping whereas an increase in graphitic nitrogen increased the electron density of GO leading to an n-type doping effect. Nitrogen doping was also found to decrease the resistivity from 138 MΩ sq-1 to 4 MΩ sq-1. These findings are extremely useful in fabricating heterojunction devices like sensors and optoelectronic devices where band structure alignment is key to device performance when GO is used as a charge transport layer. This technique can be extended to other known 2D systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Dey
- School of Engineering and Innovation, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK.
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26
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Kou T, Chen M, Wu F, Smart TJ, Wang S, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Lall S, Zhang Z, Liu YS, Guo J, Wang G, Ping Y, Li Y. Carbon doping switching on the hydrogen adsorption activity of NiO for hydrogen evolution reaction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:590. [PMID: 32001713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14462-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is more sluggish in alkaline than in acidic media because of the additional energy required for water dissociation. Numerous catalysts, including NiO, that offer active sites for water dissociation have been extensively investigated. Yet, the overall HER performance of NiO is still limited by lacking favorable H adsorption sites. Here we show a strategy to activate NiO through carbon doping, which creates under-coordinated Ni sites favorable for H adsorption. DFT calculations reveal that carbon dopant decreases the energy barrier of Heyrovsky step from 1.17 eV to 0.81 eV, suggesting the carbon also serves as a hot-spot for the dissociation of water molecules in water-alkali HER. As a result, the carbon doped NiO catalyst achieves an ultralow overpotential of 27 mV at 10 mA cm-2, and a low Tafel slope of 36 mV dec-1, representing the best performance among the state-of-the-art NiO catalysts.
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27
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Wasim Khan M, Zuo X, Yang Q, Tang H, Rehman KMU, Wu M, Li G. Quantum dot embedded N-doped functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes boost the short-circuit current of Ru(ii) based dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanoscale 2020; 12:1046-1060. [PMID: 31845950 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09227g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report zinc sulfide quantum dots, ZnS(QDs), moored on N-doped functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) wrapped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The MWCNTs have a tangled network, a particular surface area, and a distinctive hollow structure that may be suitable for use as a counter electrode (CE) material. A ZnS@N.f-MWCNTs@rGO composite as the CE on a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was fabricated using a doctor blade technique. The electrochemical performance showed that at the electrolyte/CE interface, the ZnS(QDs) and N-doped functionalized MWCNTs wrapped with rGO (ZnS@N.f-MWCNTs@rGO) electrode has a lower transfer charge resistance (Rct) and a greater catalytic capacity than naked ZnS(QDs). A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.4% was attained for this DSSC gadget, which is higher than that of a DSSC gadget utilizing ZnS(QDs), ZnS@N.f-MWCNTs, ZnS@rGO and Pt. Also, the DSSC device using ZnS@N.f-MWCNTs@rGO had a fill factor (FF) that was better than the other counter electrodes. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) electron transfer measurements showed that ZnS@N.f-MWCNTs@rGO films can provide fast electron transfer from the electrolyte to the CE and great electrocatalytic activity to reduce triiodide to a CE based on ZnS@N.f-MWCNTs@rGO in the DSSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Wasim Khan
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Zuo
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Qun Yang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Huaibao Tang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China and Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Khalid Mehmood Ur Rehman
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China and Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Mingzai Wu
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China and Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Guang Li
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China and Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China and Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China. and Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
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28
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Zhang H, Liu Q, Fang Y, Teng C, Liu X, Fang P, Tong Y, Lu X. Boosting Zn-Ion Energy Storage Capability of Hierarchically Porous Carbon by Promoting Chemical Adsorption. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1904948. [PMID: 31523863 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The construction of advanced Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) with high energy density is promising but still challenging, especially at high current densities. In this work, a high-energy and ultrastable aqueous ZHSC is demonstrated by introducing N dopants into a hierarchically porous carbon cathode for the purpose of enhancing its chemical adsorption of Zn ions. Experimental results and theoretical simulations reveal that N doping not only significantly facilitates the chemical adsorption process of Zn ions, but also greatly increases its conductivity, surface wettability, and active sites. Consequently, the as-fabricated aqueous ZHSC based on this N-doped porous carbon cathode displays an exceptionally high energy density of 107.3 Wh kg-1 at a high current density of 4.2 A g-1 , a superb power density of 24.9 kW kg-1 , and an ultralong-term lifespan (99.7% retention after 20 000 cycles), substantially superior to state-of-the-art ZHSCs. Particularly, such a cathode also leads to a quasi-solid-state device with satisfactory energy storage performance, delivering a remarkable energy density of 91.8 Wh kg-1 . The boosted energy storage strategy by tuning the chemical adsorption capability is also applicable to other carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Zhang
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbin Fang
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Teng
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Pingping Fang
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yexiang Tong
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xihong Lu
- MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem and Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, P. R. China
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29
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Wang R, Wu H, Chen R, Chi Y. Strong Electrochemiluminescence Emission from Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. Small 2019; 15:e1901550. [PMID: 31115974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as well-known nanomaterials are extensively studied and widely applied in various fields. Nitric acid (HNO3 ) is often used to treat CNTs for purification purposes and preparing oxidized CNTs for various applications. However, too little attention is paid to investigating the effect of HNO3 treatment on the optical properties of CNTs. In this work, it is observed for the first time that HNO3 -oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (ox-MWCNTs) have strong electrochemiluminescence (ECL) activity, which enables ox-MWCNTs to become new and good ECL carbon nanomaterials after carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). Various characterization technologies, such as transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy, are used to reveal the relationship between ECL activity and surface states. The ECL behaviors of ox-MWCNTs are investigated in detail and a possible ECL mechanism is proposed. Finally, the new ECL nanomaterials of ox-MWCNTs are envisioned to have promising applications in sensitive ECL sensing and in the study of CNT-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Haishan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yuwu Chi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
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30
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Wang L, Wan Y, Cheng H, Qi Z, Zheng X, Wu X, Xu H. Unraveling the Photocatalytic Water Dissociation Pathways on Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Polymers. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Wan
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringCAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionSynergetic Innovation of Quantum Information & Quantum TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
| | - Zeming Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230029 P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230029 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringCAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionSynergetic Innovation of Quantum Information & Quantum TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
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31
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Sun Z, Zhao L, Liu C, Zhen Y, Ma J. Catalytic Ozonation of Ketoprofen with In Situ N-Doped Carbon: A Novel Synergetic Mechanism of Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation and an Intra-Electron-Transfer Nonradical Reaction. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:10342-10351. [PMID: 31392886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel synergetic mechanism of hydroxyl radical (•OH) oxidation and an intra-electron-transfer nonradical reaction was found in the catalytic ozonation of ketoprofen (KTP) with the in situ N-doped hollow sphere carbon (NHC). Outperforming the conventional •OH-based catalytic ozonation process, O3/NHC not only realized an enhancement of the pseudo-first-order rate constant of 11 times in comparison with that of O3 alone, but was also endowed with a high stability over a wide pH (4-9) and temperature (15-35 °C) range for the degradation of KTP. The high graphitization degree (ID/IG = 0.78-0.88) and low unsaturated oxygen content (0.10-1.38%) of NHC highlighted the dominant role of N-heteroatoms in the O3/NHC system. The specific effects of different N species were confirmed by a relationship study (N property vs catalytic activity) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization. The graphitic N forming in the bulk of the graphitic structure served as the "electron-mobility" region to promote KTP degradation with the transfer of electrons from the KTP molecule to O3 via a nonradical reaction process. The pyrrolic and pyridinic N located at defects of the graphitic structure acted as the "radical-generation" region to decompose O3 into •OH for degrading KTP by a radical oxidation process. This finding provided a brand new insight into engineering N-doped carbonaceous catalysts precisely in the catalytic ozonation process for the efficient treatment of organic-contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , People's Republic of China
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32
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Abstract
Ultrashort single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that fluoresce brightly in the shortwave infrared could open exciting opportunities in high-resolution bioimaging and sensing. However, this material remains largely unexplored due to the synthetic challenge. Here, we describe a high-yield synthesis of fluorescent ultrashort nanotubes based on a fundamentally new understanding of defect-induced chemical etching of SWCNTs. We first implant fluorescent sp3 quantum defects along the nanotube sidewalls and then oxidatively cut the nanotubes into ultrashort pieces using hydrogen peroxide. This simple two-step process leads to the synthesis of fluorescent ultrashort nanotubes with a narrow length distribution (38 ± 18 nm) and a yield as high as 57%. Despite their ultrashort length, the cut SWCNTs fluoresce brightly in the shortwave infrared at wavelengths characteristic of the sp3 defects, which provides a spectral fingerprint allowing us to uncover new insights into this defect-induced cutting process. Quantum chemical computations suggest that this etching reaction occurs selectively at the defect sites where hydroxyl radicals (•OH) attack the surrounding electron-rich carbon atoms. This work reveals fundamental insights into defect chemistry and makes fluorescent ultrashort nanotubes synthetically accessible for both basic and applied studies of this largely unexplored but rich class of synthetic molecular nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jacob Fortner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Haoran Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - YuHuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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33
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de Oliveira ISS, Kagimura R, Venezuela P, Miwa RH. Investigating the preservation of π–conjugation in covalently functionalized carbon nanotubes through first principles simulations. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:204701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5093322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I. S. S. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - R. Kagimura
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, C.P. 593, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - P. Venezuela
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-340 Niterói, Brazil
| | - R. H. Miwa
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, C.P. 593, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Brazil
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34
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Wu ZY, Yin P, Ju HX, Chen ZQ, Li C, Li SC, Liang HW, Zhu JF, Yu SH. Natural Nanofibrous Cellulose-Derived Solid Acid Catalysts. Research (Wash D C) 2019; 2019:6262719. [PMID: 31549073 PMCID: PMC6750093 DOI: 10.34133/2019/6262719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Solid acid catalysts (SACs) have attracted continuous research interest in past years as they play a pivotal role in establishing environmentally friendly and sustainable catalytic processes for various chemical industries. Development of low-cost and efficient SACs applicable to different catalysis processes are of immense significance but still very challenging so far. Here, we report a new kind of SACs consisting of sulfonated carbon nanofibers that are prepared via incomplete carbonization of low-cost natural nanofibrous cellulose followed by sulphonation with sulfuric acid. The prepared SACs feature nanofibrous network structures, high specific surface area, and abundant sulfonate as well as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Remarkably, the nanofibrous SACs exhibit superior performance to the state-of-the-art SACs for a wide range of acid-catalyzed reactions, including dimerization of α-methylstyrene, esterification of oleic acid, and pinacol rearrangement. The present approach holds great promise for developing new families of economic but efficient SACs based on natural precursors via scalable and sustainable protocols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Wu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Peng Yin
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Huan-Xin Ju
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Chen
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chao Li
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Si-Cheng Li
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hai-Wei Liang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jun-Fa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscal, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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35
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Liu H, Wang J, Wang J, Cui S. Sulfonitric Treatment of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Dispersibility in Water. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:ma11122442. [PMID: 30513849 PMCID: PMC6317179 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized by a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid (V:V = 3:1) at 70 °C for 1, 2, and 4 h, respectively. The oxidized MWCNTs were characterized by N₂ adsorption, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Raman spectroscopy to determine the oxidation degree. The dispersion of the MWCNTs was investigated by UV-vis-NIR, SEM, and dynamic light scattering measurements. Results show that sulfonitric treatment increased the surface area and total pore volume and reduced the average pore diameter of MWCNTs. The treatment promoted the formation of oxidized species on the surface MWCNTs, as identified by FT-IR, TGA, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, and more oxygen-containing functional groups were generated when treatment time was extended. Moreover, a general relationship between oxidation degree and dispersibility of MWCNTs in water was established. UV-vis-NIR and dynamic light scattering measurements and SEM images revealed that MWCNTs with higher oxidation degree showed better dispersibility in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Jiachen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Suping Cui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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36
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Lin Y, Wu KH, Lu Q, Gu Q, Zhang L, Zhang B, Su D, Plodinec M, Schlögl R, Heumann S. Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation at Quinone-on-Carbon: A Model System Study. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14717-14724. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangming Lin
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Kuang-Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Qing Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Qingqing Gu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingsen Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dangsheng Su
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Milivoj Plodinec
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Saskia Heumann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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37
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Lobiak EV, Bulusheva LG, Galitsky AA, Smirnov DA, Flahaut E, Okotrub AV. Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized with Catalysts Obtained by Decomposition of Co, Ni, and Fe Polyoxomolybdates Supported by MgO. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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He S, Zhang Y, Qiu L, Zhang L, Xie Y, Pan J, Chen P, Wang B, Xu X, Hu Y, Dinh CT, De Luna P, Banis MN, Wang Z, Sham TK, Gong X, Zhang B, Peng H, Sargent EH. Chemical-to-Electricity Carbon: Water Device. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1707635. [PMID: 29578268 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ability to release, as electrical energy, potential energy stored at the water:carbon interface is attractive, since water is abundant and available. However, many previous reports of such energy converters rely on either flowing water or specially designed ionic aqueous solutions. These requirements restrict practical application, particularly in environments with quiescent water. Here, a carbon-based chemical-to-electricity device that transfers the chemical energy to electrical form when coming into contact with quiescent deionized water is reported. The device is built using carbon nanotube yarns, oxygen content of which is modulated using oxygen plasma-treatment. When immersed in water, the device discharges electricity with a power density that exceeds 700 mW m-2 , one order of magnitude higher than the best previously published result. X-ray absorption and density functional theory studies support a mechanism of operation that relies on the polarization of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. The devices are incorporated into a flexible fabric for powering personal electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yueyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Longbin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Longsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yajie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Cao Thang Dinh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Phil De Luna
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Norouzi Banis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Xingao Gong
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
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39
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Young BR, Aminayi P. Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) dispersions in aqueous solution and electronic transport properties when dried as thin film conductors. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2018.1452759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. R. Young
- Chemical and Paper Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - P. Aminayi
- Chemical and Paper Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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40
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Tomkins P, Müller TE. Enhanced Selectivity in the Hydrogenation of Anilines to Cyclo-aliphatic Primary Amines over Lithium-Modified Ru/CNT Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Tomkins
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Dept. M2S; K. U. Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F post box 2461, 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Thomas E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
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41
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Lin C, Hu L, Cheng C, Sun K, Guo X, Shao Q, Li J, Wang N, Guo Z. Nano-TiNb2O7/carbon nanotubes composite anode for enhanced lithium-ion storage. Electrochim Acta 2018; 260:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Zheng H, Feng K, Shang Y, Kang Z, Sun X, Zhong J. Cube-like CuCoO nanostructures on reduced graphene oxide for H2 generation from ammonia borane. Inorg Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi00183a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cu0.5Co0.5O cubes on rGO shows a high TOF of 81.7 (H2) mol (Cat-metal)mol−1 min−1 in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hechuang Zheng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Kun Feng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Yunpeng Shang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Jun Zhong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
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43
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Lu F, Zhou M, Zhou Y, Zeng X. First-Row Transition Metal Based Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction under Alkaline Conditions: Basic Principles and Recent Advances. Small 2017; 13:1701931. [PMID: 28960830 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its abundance, high gravimetric energy density, and environmental friendliness, hydrogen is a promising renewable energy to replace fossil fuels. One of the most prominent routes toward hydrogen acquisition is water splitting, which is currently bottlenecked by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Numerous of electrocatalysts have been developed in the past decades to accelerate the OER process. Up to now, the first-row transition metal based compounds are in pole position under alkaline conditions, which have become subjects of extensive studies. Recently, significant advances in providing compelling catalytic performance as well as exploring their catalytic mechanisms have been achieved in this area. In this review, we summarized the fundamentals and recent progresses in first-row transition metal based OER catalysts, with special emphasis on the pathways of promoting catalytic performance by concrete strategies. New insight into material design, particularly the role of experimental approaches in the electrocatalytic performance and reaction mechanisms of OER are expected to be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, and Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Physical Science and Technology, and Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yuxue Zhou
- College of Physical Science and Technology, and Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Xianghua Zeng
- College of Physical Science and Technology, and Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhiqin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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45
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Fedoseeva YV, Orekhov AS, Chekhova GN, Koroteev VO, Kanygin MA, Senkovskiy BV, Chuvilin A, Pontiroli D, Riccò M, Bulusheva LG, Okotrub AV. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Reactor for Redox Transformation of Mercury Dichloride. ACS Nano 2017; 11:8643-8649. [PMID: 28783303 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) possessing a confined inner space protected by chemically resistant shells are promising for delivery, storage, and desorption of various compounds, as well as carrying out specific reactions. Here, we show that SWCNTs interact with molten mercury dichloride (HgCl2) and guide its transformation into dimercury dichloride (Hg2Cl2) in the cavity. The chemical state of host SWCNTs remains almost unchanged except for a small p-doping from the guest Hg2Cl2 nanocrystals. The density functional theory calculations reveal that the encapsulated HgCl2 molecules become negatively charged and start interacting via chlorine bridges when local concentration increases. This reduces the bonding strength in HgCl2, which facilitates removal of chlorine, finally leading to formation of Hg2Cl2 species. The present work demonstrates that SWCNTs not only serve as a template for growing nanocrystals but also behave as an electron-transfer catalyst in the spatially confined redox reaction by donation of electron density for temporary use by the guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya V Fedoseeva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS , 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Andrey S Orekhov
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute , Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Galina N Chekhova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS , 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Victor O Koroteev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS , 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Kanygin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS , 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Boris V Senkovskiy
- II Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln , 77 Zülpicher str., 50937 Köln, Germany
- St. Petersburg State University , 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey Chuvilin
- CIC nanoGUNE Consolider , 76 Tolosa Hiribidea, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science , 3 Maria Diaz de Haro, Bilbao E-48013, Spain
| | - Daniele Pontiroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 7/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Riccò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 7/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Lyubov G Bulusheva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS , 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexander V Okotrub
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS , 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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46
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Yan B, Niu CH, Wang J. Analyses of Levofloxacin Adsorption on Pretreated Barley Straw with Respect to Temperature: Kinetics, π-π Electron-Donor-Acceptor Interaction and Site Energy Distribution. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:8048-8056. [PMID: 28605585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Levofloxacin, representative of an important class of fluoroquinolone antibiotics, has been considered to be one of the emerging pollutants in various water sources. In this paper, adsorption of levofloxacin from artificial contaminated water was done by pretreated barley straw adsorbent obtained from raw barley straw after modification by H3PO4 impregnation and microwave heating. The adsorption kinetics was investigated at various temperatures and levofloxacin concentrations, and the activation energy was determined. In addition, site energy distribution of the pretreated barley straw for levofloxacin adsorption was estimated based on the equilibrium adsorption data. The average site energy and standard deviation of the distribution were determined and applied to analyze the interaction strength between the adsorbent and adsorbate, and adsorption site heterogeneity. The π-π electron-donor-acceptor interactions between the π* aromatic C═C of pretreated barley straw adsorbent and π* carbon atom in benzene ring attached to fluorine of levofloxacin was investigated by C K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. The results and methodologies in this work could be transferrable to investigate extended systems of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yan
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan , 117 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C8
| | - Catherine Hui Niu
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan , 117 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C8
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan , 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A9
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 2 V3
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47
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Bessire BK, Minton TK. Decomposition of Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator (PICA) as a Function of Temperature and Heating Rate. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:21422-21437. [PMID: 28544848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Material response models for phenolic-based thermal protection systems (TPSs) for atmospheric entry are limited by the lack of knowledge of the nonequilibrium processes that may govern the decomposition pathways of phenolic resin at heating rates up to tens of degrees Celsius per second. We have investigated the pyrolysis of phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA) by measuring the molar yields of the volatile decomposition products as a function of temperature at four nominal heating rates of 3.1, 6.1, 12.7, and 25 °C s-1, over the temperature range of 100-1200 °C. A mass spectrometer was used to probe the 14 significant gaseous products directly as PICA samples were heated resistively in vacuum. Four products, H2, CH4, H2O, and CO, overwhelmingly dominated the molar yields. However, in terms of mass yield, phenol and its methylated derivatives, cresol and dimethyl phenol, were significant. The temperature-dependent molar yields of the observed products exhibited a marked dependence on heating rate. The heating-rate-dependent behavior of the molar yields has been attributed to two main competing decomposition processes that occur as the temperature passes from roughly 300 to 500 °C: (1) cross-linking reactions that produce ether functional groups and carbon-carbon bonds and eliminate H2O and (2) breakdown of the polymer backbone through scission of methylene bridges and liberation of phenol and its methylated derivatives. The latter process competes more effectively with the former as the heating rate increases. The relative rates of these processes appear to have a significant effect on the molar yields of volatile products from subsequent decomposition processes as the temperature is increased further. Thus, the heating rate strongly affects the pathways taken during the pyrolysis of the phenolic resin in PICA. The new data may be used to test nonequilibrium models that are designed to simulate the response of TPS materials during atmospheric entry of spacecraft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brody K Bessire
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103 Chemistry and Biochemistry Building, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Timothy K Minton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103 Chemistry and Biochemistry Building, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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48
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Wünsche M, Fuchs S, Aull S, Nathanael J, Möller M, Rödel C, Paulus GG. Quasi-supercontinuum source in the extreme ultraviolet using multiple frequency combs from high-harmonic generation. Opt Express 2017; 25:6936-6944. [PMID: 28381035 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.006936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A quasi-supercontinuum source in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) is demonstrated using a table-top femtosecond laser and a tunable optical parametric amplifier (OPA) as a driver for high-harmonic generation (HHG). The harmonic radiation, which is usually a comb of odd multiples of the fundamental frequency, is generated by near-infrared (NIR) laser pulses from the OPA. A quasi-continuous XUV spectrum in the range of 30 to 100 eV is realized by averaging over multiple harmonic comb spectra with slightly different fundamental frequencies and thus different spectral spacing between the individual harmonics. The driving laser wavelength is swept automatically during an averaging time period. With a total photon flux of 4×109 photons/s in the range of 30 eV to 100 eV and 1×107photons/s in the range of 100 eV to 200 eV, the resulting quasi-supercontinuum XUV source is suited for applications such as XUV coherence tomography (XCT) or near-edge absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS).
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49
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Chuang CH, Ray SC, Mazumder D, Sharma S, Ganguly A, Papakonstantinou P, Chiou JW, Tsai HM, Shiu HW, Chen CH, Lin HJ, Guo J, Pong WF. Chemical Modification of Graphene Oxide by Nitrogenation: An X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42235. [PMID: 28186190 PMCID: PMC5301481 DOI: 10.1038/srep42235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped graphene oxides (GO:Nx) were synthesized by a partial reduction of graphene oxide (GO) using urea [CO(NH2)2]. Their electronic/bonding structures were investigated using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), valence-band photoemission spectroscopy (VB-PES), X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). During GO:Nx synthesis, different nitrogen-bonding species, such as pyrrolic/graphitic-nitrogen, were formed by replacing of oxygen-containing functional groups. At lower N-content (2.7 at%), pyrrolic-N, owing to surface and subsurface diffusion of C, N and NH is deduced from various X-ray spectroscopies. In contrast, at higher N-content (5.0 at%) graphitic nitrogen was formed in which each N-atom trigonally bonds to three distinct sp2-hybridized carbons with substitution of the N-atoms for C atoms in the graphite layer. Upon nitrogen substitution, the total density of state close to Fermi level is increased to raise the valence-band maximum, as revealed by VB-PES spectra, indicating an electron donation from nitrogen, molecular bonding C/N/O coordination or/and lattice structure reorganization in GO:Nx. The well-ordered chemical environments induced by nitrogen dopant are revealed by XANES and RIXS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Chuang
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui 251, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sekhar C Ray
- Department of Physics, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus-1710, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Debarati Mazumder
- Department of Physics, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus-1710, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Surbhi Sharma
- Engineering Research Institute, School of Engineering, Ulster University, BT37 0QB, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Abhijit Ganguly
- Engineering Research Institute, School of Engineering, Ulster University, BT37 0QB, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Pagona Papakonstantinou
- Engineering Research Institute, School of Engineering, Ulster University, BT37 0QB, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Jau-Wern Chiou
- Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ming Tsai
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Shiu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ji Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Way-Faung Pong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui 251, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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50
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Zhao B, Feng K, Wang Y, Lv X, Zheng H, Ma Y, Yan W, Sun X, Zhong J. PtxNi10−xO nanoparticles supported on N-doped graphene oxide with a synergetic effect for highly efficient hydrolysis of ammonia borane. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Pt3Ni7O–NGO sample shows a high TOF value in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane due to a synergetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhua Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Kun Feng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Xiaoxin Lv
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Hechuang Zheng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Jun Zhong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
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