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Thongchai IA, Knepp ZJ, Fertal DR, Flynn H, Young ER, Fredin LA. Acid Violet 3: A Base-Activated Water-Soluble Photoswitch. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:785-791. [PMID: 38236752 PMCID: PMC10839829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Acidic azo dyes are widely used for their vibrant colors. However, if their photophysics were better understood and controllable, they could be integrated into many more applications such as photosensing, photomedicine, and nonlinear optics. Here, the proton-controlled photophysics of a widely used acid, hydrazo dye, acid violet 3 (AV3) is explored. Density functional theory is used to predict the ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces, and the proposed photoisomerization mechanism is confirmed with spectroscopic experiments. The ground-state and first two excited-state surfaces of the three readily accessible protonation states, AV3-H, AV3, and AV3+H, are investigated along both the dihedral rotation and inversion coordinates. The deprotonated AV3-H undergoes photoisomerization with blue light (λex = 453 nm) through a dihedral rotation mechanism. Upon the formation of the cis-isomer, the reversion of AV3-H is predicted to occur through a mixed rotational and inversion mechanism. In contrast, AV3 and its protonated form, AV3+H, do not undergo photoisomerization because there is no driving force for either the rotation or inversion of the azo bond in the excited state. In addition, when the azo bond is acidic, the ground-state dihedral rotation reversion mechanism barrier is lower. The mechanistic insights gained here through the combination of theory and experiment provide a roadmap to control the reactivity of AV3 across 11 orders of magnitude of proton concentration, making them interesting candidates for a range of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing-Angsara Thongchai
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Zachary J. Knepp
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Domenica R. Fertal
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Helen Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Young
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Lisa A. Fredin
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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2
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Kommidi SSR, Smith BD. Supramolecular Complexation of Azobenzene Dyes by Cucurbit[7]uril. J Org Chem 2023; 88:8431-8440. [PMID: 37256736 PMCID: PMC10843849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This report describes cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) complexation of azobenzene dyes that have a 4-(N,N'-dimethylamino) or 4-amino substituent. Absorption and NMR data show that CB7 encapsulates the protonated form of the azobenzene and that the complexed dye exists as its azonium tautomer with a trans azo conformation and substantial quinoid resonance character. Because CB7 complexation stabilizes the dye conjugate acid, there is an upward shift in its pKa, and in one specific case, the pKa of the protonated azobenzene is increased from 3.09 to 4.47. Molecular modeling indicates that the CB7/azobenzene complex is stabilized by three major noncovalent factors: (i) ion-dipole interactions between the partially cationic 4-(N,N'-dimethylamino) or 4-amino group on the encapsulated protonated azobenzene and the electronegative carbonyl oxygens on CB7, (ii) inclusion of the upper aryl ring of the azobenzene within the hydrophobic CB7 cavity, and (iii) a hydrogen bond between the proton on the azo nitrogen and CB7 carbonyls. CB7 complexation enhances azobenzene stability and increases azobenzene hydrophilicity; thus, it is a promising way to improve azobenzene performance as a pigment or prodrug. In addition, the striking yellow/pink color change that accompanies CB7 complexation can be exploited to create azobenzene dye displacement assays with naked eye detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Shradha Reddy Kommidi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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3
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Gaur AK, Gupta D, Mahadevan A, Kumar P, Kumar H, Nampoothiry DN, Kaur N, Thakur SK, Singh S, Slanina T, Venkataramani S. Bistable Aryl Azopyrazolium Ionic Photoswitches in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10584-10594. [PMID: 37133353 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a new class of arylazopyrazolium-based ionic photoswitches (AAPIPs). These AAPIPs with different counter ions have been accessed through a modular synthetic approach in high yields. More importantly, the AAPIPs exhibit excellent reversible photoswitching and exceptional thermal stability in water. The effects of solvents, counter ions, substitutions, concentration, pH, and glutathione (GSH) have been evaluated using spectroscopic investigations. The results revealed that the bistability of studied AAPIPs is robust and near quantitative. The thermal half-life of Z isomers is extremely high in water (up to years), and it can be lowered electronically by the electron-withdrawing groups or highly basic pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar Gaur
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Debapriya Gupta
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Anjali Mahadevan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Pravesh Kumar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Himanshu Kumar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Dhanyaj Narayanan Nampoothiry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Thakur
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542, Prague 6, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Sugumar Venkataramani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
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4
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Edwards KEK, Mermut O, Pietro WJ, Barrett CJ. Optical and computational study of the trans ↔ cis reversible isomerization of the commercial bis-azo dye Bismarck Brown Y. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5673-5684. [PMID: 36734510 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The trans-cis-trans isomerization behaviour of Bismarck Brown Y (BBY) during and after irradiation with visible light, was characterized in detail for the first time by means of optical pump-probe experiments, to study the geometric inter-conversion of bis-azobenzene both in solution and embedded in multi-layered polymeric thin films. The rate constants observed for the thermal cis-trans back isomerization permit a determination of how the thermal isomerization is influenced by its local environment. In both solution and when incorporated into multi-layered thin films, the thermal relaxation observed for the commercial azo dye BBY showed a highly unusual biexponential decay, which clearly demonstrates two distinct isomerization processes. The cis decay showed an anomalous fast isomerization process on the timescale of milliseconds, followed by a slower isomerization process with a cis lifetime on the order of seconds. It was further observed that the faster isomerization process was influenced more by its local environment than was the slower process. The faster isomerization process also displayed a higher rate constant in aprotic solvents such as THF and DMF compared to that observed in protic solvents such as ethanol and water. Additionally, a higher rate constant was observed in solution compared to the multi-layered thin films where motion of the azo molecules was likely more restricted. Following recrystallization of the BBY azo dye, the more expected monoexponential decay was observed for the cis isomer in solution, with a single cis lifetime calculated on the timescale of seconds. This timescale corresponded well to values predicted by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ozzy Mermut
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Christopher J Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Kempfer-Robertson EM, Avdic I, Haase MN, Pike TD, Thompson LM. Protonation state control of electric field induced molecular switching mechanisms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5251-5261. [PMID: 36723228 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04494c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy tip-induced deprotonation has been demonstrated experimentally and can be used as an additional control mechanism in electric-field induced molecular switching. The goal of the current work is to establish whether (de)protonation can be used to inhibit or enhance the electric field controlled thermal and photoisomerization processes. Dihydroxyazobenzene is used as a model system, where protonation/deprotonation of the free hydroxyl moiety changes the azo bond order, and so modifies the rate of electric field induced isomerization. Through the combined action of deprotonation and applied field, it was found that the cis-to-trans thermal isomerization barrier could be completely removed, changing the isomerization half-life from the order of several months. In addition, due to the presence of multiple isomerization mechanisms, electric fields could modify the isomerization kinetics by increasing the number of energetically viable isomerization pathways, rather than reducing the activation barrier of the lowest energy pathway. Excited state calculations indicated that the protonation state and electric field could be used together to control the presence of electronic degeneracies along the rotation pathway between S0/S1, and along all three pathways between S1/S2. This work provides insight into the mechanisms that enable the use of protonation state, light, and electric fields in concert to control molecular switches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irma Avdic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, USA.
| | - Meagan N Haase
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, USA.
| | - Thomas Dane Pike
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, USA.
| | - Lee M Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208, USA.
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6
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Rickhoff J, Arndt NB, Böckmann M, Doltsinis NL, Ravoo BJ, Kortekaas L. Reversible, Red-Shifted Photoisomerization in Protonated Azobenzenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10605-10612. [PMID: 35921095 PMCID: PMC9396658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Azobenzenes are among the best-studied molecular photoswitches
and play a key role in the search for red-shifted photoresponsive
materials for extended applications. Currently, most approaches deal
with aromatic substitution patterns to achieve visible light application,
on occasion paired with protonation to yield red-shifted absorption
of the azonium species. Appropriate substitution patterns are essential
to stabilize the latter approach, as conventional acids are known
to induce a fast Z- to E-conversion.
Here, we show that steady-state protonation of the azo-bridge instead
is possible in simple azobenzenes when the pKa of the acid is low enough, yielding both the Z- and E-azonium as supported by UV–vis- and 1H NMR spectroscopy as well as density functional theory calculations.
Moreover, the steady-state protonation of para-methoxyazobenzene,
specifically, yields photoisomerizable azonium ions in which the direction
of switching is essentially reversed, that is, visible light produces
the out-of-equilibrium Z-azonium. Although the current
conditions render the visible light photoswitch unsuitable for in
vivo and material application, the demonstrated understanding of simple
azobenzenes paves the way for a great range of further work on this
already widely studied photoswitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Rickhoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Niklas B Arndt
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marcus Böckmann
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory & Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory & Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Luuk Kortekaas
- Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Fedele C, Ruoko TP, Kuntze K, Virkki M, Priimagi A. New tricks and emerging applications from contemporary azobenzene research. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:1719-1734. [PMID: 35896915 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzenes have many faces. They are well-known as dyes, but most of all, azobenzenes are versatile photoswitchable molecules with powerful photochemical properties. Azobenzene photochemistry has been extensively studied for decades, but only relatively recently research has taken a steer towards applications, ranging from photonics and robotics to photobiology. In this perspective, after an overview of the recent trends in the molecular design of azobenzenes, we highlight three research areas where the azobenzene photoswitches may bring about promising technological innovations: chemical sensing, organic transistors, and cell signaling. Ingenious molecular designs have enabled versatile control of azobenzene photochemical properties, which has in turn facilitated the development of chemical sensors and photoswitchable organic transistors. Finally, the power of azobenzenes in biology is exemplified by vision restoration and photactivation of neural signaling. Although the selected examples reveal only some of the faces of azobenzenes, we expect the fields presented to develop rapidly in the near future, and that azobenzenes will play a central role in this development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fedele
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero-Petri Ruoko
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kim Kuntze
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Virkki
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland.
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8
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Shang C, Xiong Z, Liu S, Yu W. Molecular Dynamics of Azobenzene Polymer with Photoreversible Glass Transition. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Xiong
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Sijun Liu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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9
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Sarkar D, Chowdhury M, Das PK. Naphthalimide-Based Azo-Functionalized Supramolecular Vesicle in Hypoxia-Responsive Drug Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3480-3492. [PMID: 35261245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular materials that respond to external triggers are being extensively utilized in developing spatiotemporal control in biomedical applications ranging from drug delivery to diagnostics. The present article describes the development of self-assembled vesicles in 1:9 (v/v), tetrahydrofuran (THF)-water by naphthalimide-based azo moiety containing amphiphile (NI-Azo) where azo moiety would act as the stimuli-responsive junction. The self-assembly of NI-Azo took place through H-type of aggregation. Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the formation of supramolecular vesicles with a dimension of 200-250 nm. Azo (-N═N-) moiety is known to get reduced to amine derivatives in the presence of the azoreductase enzyme, which is overexpressed in the hypoxic microenvironment. The absorbance intensity of this characteristic azo (-N═N-) moiety of NI-Azo (1:9 (v/v), THF-water) at 458 nm got diminished in the presence of both extracellular and intracellular bacterial azoreductase extracted from Escherichia coli bacteria. The same observation was noted in the presence of sodium dithionite (mimic of azoreductase), indicating that azoreductase/sodium dithionite induced azo bond cleavage of NI-Azo, which was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight spectrometric data of the corresponding aromatic amine fragments. The anticancer drug, curcumin, was encapsulated inside NI-Azo vesicles that successfully killed B16F10 cells (cancer cells) in CoCl2-induced hypoxic environment owing to the azoreductase-responsive release of drug. The cancer cell killing efficiency by curcumin-loaded NI-Azo vesicles in the hypoxic condition was 2.15-fold higher than that of the normoxic environment and 2.4-fold higher compared to that of native curcumin in the hypoxic condition. Notably, cancer cell killing efficiency of curcumin-loaded NI-Azo vesicles was 4.5- and 1.9-fold higher than that of noncancerous NIH3T3 cells in normoxic and hypoxic environments, respectively. Cell killing was found to be primarily through the early apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Sarkar
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Monalisa Chowdhury
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Das
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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10
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Azobenzene/Tetraethyl Ammonium Photochromic Potassium Channel Blockers: Scope and Limitations for Design of Para-Substituted Derivatives with Specific Absorption Band Maxima and Thermal Isomerization Rate. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313171. [PMID: 34884976 PMCID: PMC8658355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Azobenzene/tetraethyl ammonium photochromic ligands (ATPLs) are photoactive compounds with a large variety of photopharmacological applications such as nociception control or vision restoration. Absorption band maximum and lifetime of the less stable isomer are important characteristics that determine the applicability of ATPLs. Substituents allow to adjust these characteristics in a range limited by the azobenzene/tetraethyl ammonium scaffold. The aim of the current study is to find the scope and limitations for the design of ATPLs with specific spectral and kinetic properties by introducing para substituents with different electronic effects. To perform this task we synthesized ATPLs with various electron acceptor and electron donor functional groups and studied their spectral and kinetic properties using flash photolysis and conventional spectroscopy techniques as well as quantum chemical modeling. As a result, we obtained diagrams that describe correlations between spectral and kinetic properties of ATPLs (absorption maxima of E and Z isomers of ATPLs, the thermal lifetime of their Z form) and both the electronic effect of substituents described by Hammett constants and structural parameters obtained from quantum chemical calculations. The provided results can be used for the design of ATPLs with properties that are optimal for photopharmacological applications.
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11
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Borbone F, Oscurato SL, Del Sorbo S, Pota F, Salvatore M, Reda F, Maddalena P, Centore R, Ambrosio A. Enhanced photoinduced mass migration in supramolecular azopolymers by H-bond driven positional constraint. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2021; 9:11368-11375. [PMID: 34594563 PMCID: PMC8411878 DOI: 10.1039/d1tc02266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we investigated the role of hydrogen bonding in the design of supramolecular azopolymers with a highly directional and constrained azobenzene-chain interaction involving the aromatic ring of the photoactive molecule, by exploiting the 2-aminopyrimidine/carboxylic acid supramolecular synthon as the tool for molecular recognition. We have shown that this approach is advantageous for producing affordable and versatile photopatternable azomaterials by complexation with polyacrylic acid (PAA). Molecular model complexes were successfully prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and FTIR spectroscopy to reveal the multiple, non-ionic interaction occurring between the azobenzene units and the polymer chains. Surface photopatterning of thin films, driven by the typical mass migration phenomenon occurring in azopolymers, resulted strongly enhanced with increasing azobenzene content until equimolar composition. Results show that polymers with synthon-based azobenzenes markedly outperform single H-bonded systems bearing azomolecules with similar structure and electronic properties. We finally demonstrated that the azobenzene units can be easily extracted from a photopatterned film by a simple solvent rinse and without any chemical pre-treatment, leaving the periodicity of the inscribed surface relief gratings unaltered. This result was enabled by the orthogonal solubility of the components in the supramolecular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Borbone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
- CNST@POLIMI - Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Stefano Luigi Oscurato
- CNST@POLIMI - Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70 Milan 20133 Italy
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Salvatore Del Sorbo
- CNST@POLIMI - Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70 Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Filippo Pota
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Marcella Salvatore
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Francesco Reda
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Pasqualino Maddalena
- CNST@POLIMI - Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70 Milan 20133 Italy
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Roberto Centore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Antonio Ambrosio
- CNST@POLIMI - Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70 Milan 20133 Italy
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12
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Kortekaas L, Simke J, Arndt NB, Böckmann M, Doltsinis NL, Ravoo BJ. Acid-catalysed liquid-to-solid transitioning of arylazoisoxazole photoswitches. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11338-11346. [PMID: 34667544 PMCID: PMC8447883 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03308e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches play a vital role in the development of responsive materials. These molecular building blocks are particularly attractive when multiple stimuli can be combined to bring about physical changes, sometimes leading to unexpected properties and functions. The arylazoisoxazole molecular switch was recently shown to be capable of efficient photoreversible solid-to-liquid phase transitions with application in photoswitchable surface adhesion. Here, we show that the arylazoisoxazole forms thermally stable and photoisomerisable protonated Z- and E-isomers in an apolar aprotic solvent when the pK a of the applied acid is sufficiently low. The tuning of isomerisation kinetics from days to seconds by the pK a of the acid not only opens up new reactivity in solution, but also the solid-state photoswitching of azoisoxazoles can be efficiently reversed with selected acid vapours, enabling acid-gated photoswitchable surface adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk Kortekaas
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Julian Simke
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Niklas B Arndt
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Marcus Böckmann
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory & Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory & Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
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13
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Dhiman A, Ramachandran CN. Cis–trans isomerisation and absorption properties of the ring-extended azobenzene. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1966113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angat Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - C. N. Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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14
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Gopalakrishnan S, Ghosh R, Renganathan T, Pushpavanam S. Sensitive and selective determination of triclosan using visual spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 254:119623. [PMID: 33684851 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan is a commonly used biocide effective against bacterial and fungal infections. However, its overuse in pharmaceutical and personal care products has resulted in its abundance in the natural environment. The detection of triclosan by visual spectroscopy can be carried out using the azo-coupling reaction of diazonium complexes. However, the reaction is also common to other phenolic compounds and aromatic amines, posing significant challenge. In this work, we investigate the azo-coupling reaction of triclosan and several commonly occurring analogous compounds to develop an improved spectroscopic method for the selective determination of triclosan without interference. We find that the azo-coupling reaction between the diazotized derivative and the phenolic compounds is highly dependent on the pH of the reaction media. At pH 7.2, the absorbance of the azo dye product of triclosan shows a peak at 452 nm which has minimal interference from other phenolic azo-dye products with the exception of naphthol. Naphthol shows an interference corresponding to 58% of the analytical signal of equimolar triclosan concentration. To overcome this, we develop an analytical model for the simultaneous determination of triclosan and naphthol from mixed solutions of the compounds. A linear calibration plot from 1.7 to 34 µM was obtained for both triclosan and naphthol with limit-of-detection (LOD) of 0.62 µM and 1.03 µM respectively. The developed protocol was tested for the analysis of water samples collected from various environmental sources spiked with different concentrations of triclosan and naphthol. The samples were enriched by solid-phase-extraction which allowed a 50-fold enhancement in detection of triclosan. The average relative recovery of triclosan in real samples was found to be 98.6% .
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Rajesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - T Renganathan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - S Pushpavanam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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15
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Hossain MS, Bandyopadhyay S. Metal Ion Mediated Instant Z → E Isomerization of Azobenzene Macrocycles in the Absence of Light. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6314-6321. [PMID: 33858140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The classical photoswitch azobenzenes reversibly interconvert between the E- and the Z-isomers with light. Here, we report a pair of new macrocyclic azobenzenes characterized thoroughly by spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray diffraction structures, and one of the compounds displays a quantitative conversion of the E- to the Z-form. These compounds, besides their normal photoswitching behavior, display an unusual instant switching of the Z-form to the E-isomer in the presence of Cu2+ ions in the dark under 273 K. The Cu2+ complex can stay in the Z-form under constant UV radiation. However, it reverts to the E-form as soon as the exposure to the UV is ceased. The same phenomenon is also observed with Ag+ ions albeit it is a bit slower. This unusual instant switching of the azobenzene systems with metal ions prompted the detailed studies to unravel the reason behind this behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munshi Sahid Hossain
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Subhajit Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
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16
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McPherson KS, Zaino AM, Dash RC, Rizzo AA, Li Y, Hao B, Bezsonova I, Hadden MK, Korzhnev DM. Structure-Based Drug Design of Phenazopyridine Derivatives as Inhibitors of Rev1 Interactions in Translesion Synthesis. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1126-1132. [PMID: 33314657 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rev1 is a protein scaffold of the translesion synthesis (TLS) pathway, which employs low-fidelity DNA polymerases for replication of damaged DNA. The TLS pathway helps cancers tolerate DNA damage induced by genotoxic chemotherapy, and increases mutagenesis in tumors, thus accelerating the onset of chemoresistance. TLS inhibitors have emerged as potential adjuvant drugs to enhance the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy, with the majority of reported inhibitors targeting protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of the Rev1 C-terminal domain (Rev1-CT). We previously identified phenazopyridine (PAP) as a scaffold to disrupt Rev1-CT PPIs with Rev1-interacting regions (RIRs) of TLS polymerases. To explore the structure-activity relationships for this scaffold, we developed a protocol for co-crystallization of compounds that target the RIR binding site on Rev1-CT with a triple Rev1-CT/Rev7R124A /Rev3-RBM1 complex, and solved an X-ray crystal structure of Rev1-CT bound to the most potent PAP analogue. The structure revealed an unexpected binding pose of the compound and informed changes to the scaffold to improve its affinity for Rev1-CT. We synthesized eight additional PAP derivatives, with modifications to the scaffold driven by the structure, and evaluated their binding to Rev1-CT by microscale thermophoresis (MST). Several second-generation PAP derivatives showed an affinity for Rev1-CT that was improved by over an order of magnitude, thereby validating the structure-based assumptions that went into the compound design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Silva McPherson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Angela M Zaino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Radha C Dash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alessandro A Rizzo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Bing Hao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Irina Bezsonova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - M Kyle Hadden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Unit 3092, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Dmitry M Korzhnev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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17
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Ludwanowski S, Ari M, Parison K, Kalthoum S, Straub P, Pompe N, Weber S, Walter M, Walther A. pH Tuning of Water-Soluble Arylazopyrazole Photoswitches. Chemistry 2020; 26:13203-13212. [PMID: 32427368 PMCID: PMC7693175 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Arylazopyrazoles are an emerging class of photoswitches with redshifted switching wavelength, high photostationary states, long thermal half-lives and facile synthetic access. Understanding pathways for a simple modulation of the thermal half-lives, while keeping other parameters of interest constant, is an important aspect for out-of-equilibrium systems design and applications. Here, it is demonstrated that the thermal half-life of a water-soluble PEG-tethered arylazo-bis(o-methylated)pyrazole (AAP) can be tuned by more than five orders of magnitude using simple pH adjustment, which is beyond the tunability of azobenzenes. The mechanism of thermal relaxation is investigated by thorough spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, the concepts of a tunable half-life are transferred from the molecular scale to the material scale. Based on the photochromic characteristics of E- and Z-AAP, transient information storage is showcased in form of light-written patterns inside films cast from different pH, which in turn leads to different times of storage. With respect to prospective precisely tunable materials and time-programmed out-of-equilibrium systems, an externally tunable half-life is likely advantageous over changing the entire system by the replacement of the photoswitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ludwanowski
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)University of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Meral Ari
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Karsten Parison
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Somar Kalthoum
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Paula Straub
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Nils Pompe
- Institute for Physical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Stefan Weber
- Institute for Physical ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Michael Walter
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, Freiburg Center for, Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 3179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)University of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Straße 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, Freiburg Center for, Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
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18
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Imperatore C, Varriale A, Rivieccio E, Pennacchio A, Staiano M, D’Auria S, Casertano M, Altucci C, Valadan M, Singh M, Menna M, Varra M. Spectroscopic Properties of Two 5'-(4-Dimethylamino)Azobenzene Conjugated G-Quadruplex Forming Oligonucleotides. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197103. [PMID: 32993097 PMCID: PMC7582650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of two 5′-end (4-dimethylamino)azobenzene conjugated G-quadruplex forming aptamers, the thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) and the HIV-1 integrase aptamer (T30695), was performed. Their structural behavior was investigated by means of UV, CD, fluorescence spectroscopy, and gel electrophoresis techniques in K+-containing buffers and water-ethanol blends. Particularly, we observed that the presence of the 5′-(4-dimethylamino)azobenzene moiety leads TBA to form multimers instead of the typical monomolecular chair-like G-quadruplex and almost hampers T30695 G-quadruplex monomers to dimerize. Fluorescence studies evidenced that both the conjugated G-quadruplexes possess unique fluorescence features when excited at wavelengths corresponding to the UV absorption of the conjugated moiety. Furthermore, a preliminary investigation of the trans-cis conversion of the dye incorporated at the 5′-end of TBA and T30695 showed that, unlike the free dye, in K+-containing water-ethanol-triethylamine blend the trans-to-cis conversion was almost undetectable by means of a standard UV spectrophotometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio Varriale
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Elisa Rivieccio
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Angela Pennacchio
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Maria Staiano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Sabato D’Auria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21—Building 6, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (M.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21—Building 6, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (M.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Manjot Singh
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21—Building 6, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (M.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-678540
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19
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Yano A, Sato Y, Dachimba K, Yano R. Catalysis of Thermal Isomerization of Methyl Yellow by Salts. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7956-7961. [PMID: 32309705 PMCID: PMC7161051 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cu2+ ions are reported to catalyze the thermal isomerization (TI) of cis-azobenzene. It was found that some alkali halides (NaCl, KCl, NaBr, and KBr) also catalyze the TI of 4-dimethylamino-azobenzene in ethanol. These tendencies were attributed to the interaction between the azo group and the cation based on experimental data and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Some Na salts (CH3COONa, Na2HPO4, and Na2SO3) were found to inhibit the TI of 4-dimethylamino-azobenzene in ethanol. It is inferred that the weak acid ions in these salts decrease the concentration of H+ ions that catalyze the TI process.
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20
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Imperatore C, Valadan M, Tartaglione L, Persico M, Ramunno A, Menna M, Casertano M, Dell’Aversano C, Singh M, d’Aulisio Garigliota ML, Bajardi F, Morelli E, Fattorusso C, Altucci C, Varra M. Exploring the Photodynamic Properties of Two Antiproliferative Benzodiazopyrrole Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041246. [PMID: 32069905 PMCID: PMC7072997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of molecules whose biological activity can be properly modulated by light is a promising therapeutic approach aimed to improve drug selectivity and efficacy on the molecular target and to limit the side effects compared to traditional drugs. Recently, two photo-switchable diastereomeric benzodiazopyrrole derivatives 1RR and 1RS have been reported as microtubules targeting agents (MTAs) on human colorectal carcinoma p53 null cell line (HCT 116 p53-/-). Their IC50 was enhanced upon Light Emitting Diode (LED) irradiation at 435 nm and was related to their cis form. Here we have investigated the photo-responsive behavior of the acid derivatives of 1RR and 1RS, namely, d1RR and d1RS, in phosphate buffer solutions at different pH. The comparison of the UV spectra, acquired before and after LED irradiation, indicated that the trans→cis conversion of d1RR and d1RS is affected by the degree of ionization. The apparent rate constants were calculated from the kinetic data by means of fast UV spectroscopy and the conformers of the putative ionic species present in solution (pH range: 5.7–8.0) were modelled. Taken together, our experimental and theoretical results suggest that the photo-conversions of transd1RR/d1RS into the corresponding cis forms and the thermal decay of cisd1RR/d1RS are dependent on the presence of diazonium form of d1RR/d1RS. Finally, a photo-reaction was detected only for d1RR after prolonged LED irradiation in acidic medium, and the resulting product was characterized by means of Liquid Chromatography coupled to High resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Luciana Tartaglione
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- CoNISMa–Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Persico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Anna Ramunno
- Department of Pharmacy/DIFARMA, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.R.); (M.L.d.G.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Carmela Dell’Aversano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- CoNISMa–Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Manjot Singh
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | | | - Francesco Bajardi
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Elena Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
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21
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Sailer A, Ermer F, Kraus Y, Bingham R, Lutter FH, Ahlfeld J, Thorn-Seshold O. Potent hemithioindigo-based antimitotics photocontrol the microtubule cytoskeleton in cellulo. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:125-134. [PMID: 32082431 PMCID: PMC7006478 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hemithioindigo is a promising molecular photoswitch that has only recently been applied as a photoswitchable pharmacophore for control over bioactivity in cellulo. Uniquely, in contrast to other photoswitches that have been applied to biology, the pseudosymmetric hemithioindigo scaffold has allowed the creation of both dark-active and lit-active photopharmaceuticals for the same binding site by a priori design. However, the potency of previous hemithioindigo photopharmaceuticals has not been optimal for their translation to other biological models. Results: Inspired by the structure of tubulin-inhibiting indanones, we created hemithioindigo-based indanone-like tubulin inhibitors (HITubs) and optimised their cellular potency as antimitotic photopharmaceuticals. These HITubs feature reliable and robust visible-light photoswitching and high fatigue resistance. The use of the hemithioindigo scaffold also permitted us to employ a para-hydroxyhemistilbene motif, a structural feature which is denied to most azobenzenes due to the negligibly short lifetimes of their metastable Z-isomers, which proved crucial to enhancing the potency and photoswitchability. The HITubs were ten times more potent than previously reported hemithioindigo photopharmaceutical antimitotics in a series of cell-free and cellular assays, and allowed robust photocontrol over tubulin polymerisation, microtubule (MT) network structure, cell cycle, and cell survival. Conclusions: HITubs represent a powerful addition to the growing toolbox of photopharmaceutical reagents for MT cytoskeleton research. Additionally, as the hemithioindigo scaffold allows photoswitchable bioactivity for substituent patterns inaccessible to the majority of current photopharmaceuticals, wider adoption of the hemithioindigo scaffold may significantly expand the scope of cellular and in vivo targets addressable by photopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sailer
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Franziska Ermer
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Yvonne Kraus
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Rebekkah Bingham
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ferdinand H Lutter
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Julia Ahlfeld
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Oliver Thorn-Seshold
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
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22
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Pang J, Shu L, Li M, Hu X. Theoretical insights into a colorimetric azo-based probe to detect copper ions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23196-23202. [PMID: 35520344 PMCID: PMC9054711 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02468f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a colorimetric azobenzene-based probe (AZO 1) was reported that exhibits high selectivity toward Cu2+ and undergoes a red to yellow colour change upon its detection. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the mechanism of the probe discoloration. The differences in the binding energies of complexes of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 stoichiometry indicated that a two-step complexation process takes place as the Cu2+ content increases. However, the calculated absorption spectra suggested that a significant colour change would only be observed for the 1 : 1 AZO 1 : Cu2+ complex. A HOMO–LUMO electronic transition was a key factor for the blue shift of the absorption bands of the probe. Further studies indicated that solvent molecules participate in the complexation and that the presence of the o-methoxy group in AZO 1 led to formation of an octahedral complex because of the additional chelating site. A significant change in the conformation of AZO 1, namely the rotation of the N,N-di(carboxymethyl)amino group around the N–CAr bond by approximately 90°, resulted in a larger HOMO–LUMO energy gap, and the corresponding alteration of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from the N,N-di(carboxymethyl)amino group to the phenyl ring led to the observed colour change. DFT calculations indicated that the rotation of the N,N-di(carboxymethyl)amino group around the N–CAr bond by approximately 90°, resulted in a larger HOMO–LUMO energy gap, and led to the observed colour change.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pang
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jinling Institute of Technology
- Nanjing 211169
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Hefei University
- Hefei 230601
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jinling Institute of Technology
- Nanjing 211169
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jinling Institute of Technology
- Nanjing 211169
- People's Republic of China
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23
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Tseng C, Wen C, Huang D, Lai C, Chen S, Hu Q, Chen X, Xu X, Zhang S, Tao Y, Zhang Z. Synergy of Ionic and Dipolar Effects by Molecular Design for pH Sensing beyond the Nernstian Limit. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1901001. [PMID: 31993278 PMCID: PMC6974946 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of interfacial interactions between analytes and functionalized sensor surfaces, from where the signal originates, is key to the development and application of electronic sensors. The present work explores the tunability of pH sensitivity by the synergy of surface charge and molecular dipole moment induced by interfacial proton interactions. This synergy is demonstrated on a silicon-nanoribbon field-effect transistor (SiNR-FET) by functionalizing the sensor surface with properly designed chromophore molecules. The chromophore molecules can interact with protons and lead to appreciable changes in interface dipole moment as well as in surface charge state. In addition, the dipole moment can be tuned not only by the substituent on the chromophore but also by the anion in the electrolyte interacting with the protonated chromophore. By designing surface molecules to enhance the surface dipole moment upon protonation, an above-Nernstian pH sensitivity is achieved on the SiNR-FET sensor. This finding may bring an innovative strategy for tailoring the sensitivity of the SiNR-FET-based pH sensor toward a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao‐Wei Tseng
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | - Chenyu Wen
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | | | - Chin‐Hung Lai
- Department of Medical Applied ChemistryChung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung40201Taiwan
| | - Si Chen
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | - Qitao Hu
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | - Xi Chen
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | - Xingxing Xu
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | - Shi‐Li Zhang
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
| | - Yu‐Tai Tao
- Institute of ChemistryAcademia SinicaTaipei115Taiwan
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Division of Solid‐State ElectronicsThe Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE‐751 21UppsalaSweden
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24
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Camarero N, Trapero A, Pérez-Jiménez A, Macia E, Gomila-Juaneda A, Martín-Quirós A, Nevola L, Llobet A, Llebaria A, Hernando J, Giralt E, Gorostiza P. Photoswitchable dynasore analogs to control endocytosis with light. Chem Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03820b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We've combined the pharmacological properties of the dynamin inhibitor dynasore and the photochromic properties of an azobenzene group, to obtain the first light-regulated small-molecule inhibitor of endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Camarero
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Spain
| | - Ana Trapero
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC)
- Spain
| | - Ariadna Pérez-Jiménez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Spain
| | - Eric Macia
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC)
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis
- France
| | - Alexandre Gomila-Juaneda
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Spain
| | - Andrés Martín-Quirós
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Spain
| | - Laura Nevola
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)
- Spain
| | - Artur Llobet
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)
- Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC)
- Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Departament de Química
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
- Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)
- Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)
- Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Spain
- CIBER-BBN
- Spain
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25
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Alvarez Escalada FC, Ledesma AE. Impact of temperature changes and pH on aqueous solutions of TCAB, a derived propanil contaminant. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 222:117146. [PMID: 31174153 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
3,4,3',4'-tetrachloroazobenzene known as TCAB is an unwanted product derivate from the degradation of propanil herbicide. In this work UV-visible and infrared spectroscopies were used to experimentally explore the impact of pH and temperature changes of TCAB in aqueous and ethanol solutions. Two isomeric forms, cis and trans, are present in solution. The density functional theory (DFT) with PCM methodology was used to analyze the stability of each isomer in solution phase by the evaluation of solvation energy and frontier orbital energies of TCBA at 25 and 40 °C. This compound has been studied from room temperature to 50 °C, revealing the weakening of trans form with an increment of cis form in ethanol and high temperature. Interestingly, under acid conditions the protonated azo compound was evidenced in solution. We found that the cis form is predominant in aqueous solution at 40 °C and 30 min. Finally, FTIR studies show that the increasing of the temperature promote irreversible structural changes via a trans to cis interconversion process. The derivative results from this study may contributed to understanding of transformation of TCAB in aqueous solution by pH and temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny C Alvarez Escalada
- Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnologías, FCEyT, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, UNSE, Av. Belgrano Sur 1912, 4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Ana E Ledesma
- CIBAAL-UNSE- CONICET, Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnologías, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Av. Belgrano Sur 1912, 4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
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26
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Thiosemicarbazonate complexes with affinity for amyloid-β fibers: synthesis, characterization and biological studies. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:2527-2546. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Obtain radioimages of amyloid-β fibers using 99mTc-complexes. Methodology: Tridentate thiosemicarbazone and thiocarbonohydrazone ligands containing fragments (stilbene, azobenzene, benzothiazole or benzoxazole) with affinity for amyloid-ß fibers and its Re(I) complexes have been prepared. The molecular structures of several ligands and complexes were determined by x-ray diffraction. Binding affinity studies toward Aß1-42 fibers were performed for the ligands and Re(I) complexes. The ability of formation of some 99mTc(I) complexes, their biodistribution and in vivo stability have been established. Results & conclusion: Complexes of stilbene and benzothiazole thiosemicarbazonates show similar affinity for amyloid-β fibers to the free ligand. These 99mTc complexes present a reasonable in vivo stability and a low capability to cross the blood–brain barrier although not sufficient to brain amyloid imaging.
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27
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Imperatore C, Scuotto M, Valadan M, Rivieccio E, Saide A, Russo A, Altucci C, Menna M, Ramunno A, Mayol L, Russo G, Varra M. Photo-control of cancer cell growth by benzodiazo N-substituted pyrrole derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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pH-Triggered Interfacial Interaction of Kaolinite/Chitosan Nanocomposites with Anionic Azo Dye. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs3020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Advanced engineering of naturally occurring materials opens new doors in nanoscience and nanotechnology for the separation and/or removal of environmental hazards. Here, a series of nanocomposites containing kaolinite and chitosan varying in the range of 20 to 80% (w/w) kaolinite were used for the adsorptive removal of a reactive textile dye, Remazol Red, from an aqueous solution. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of pH, contact time, and initial dye concentration on the adsorption capacity. Nanocomposites containing 80% kaolinite (w/w) and 20% chitosan (w/w), i.e., NK80C20, showed an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 371.8 mg/g at pH 2.5, which was 5.2 times higher than that of commercial activated charcoal. Moreover, NK80C20 was regenerated instantly up to 99.9% at pH 10. Therefore, NK80C20 can be effectively utilized as a potential adsorbent for the separation of Remazol Red and homologous azo dyes from industrial effluents. We expect that the findings from this study will play a vital role in environmental research leading to advanced applications in water purification.
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29
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Chu Z, Han Y, Bian T, De S, Král P, Klajn R. Supramolecular Control of Azobenzene Switching on Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:1949-1960. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Chu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yanxiao Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Tong Bian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Soumen De
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Petr Král
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Department of Physics and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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30
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Garnier L, Sarraute S, Israëli Y, Bonal C, Malfreyt P. Associations of Water-Soluble Macrocyclic Hosts with 4-Aminoazobenzene: Impact of pH. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:11953-11961. [PMID: 30466260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b09127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An investigation of the pH effect on the inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrins and calixarenesulfonates with 4-aminoazobenzene was conducted both by experiments and molecular simulations. The whole thermodynamic characterizations of the association between hosts and 4-aminoazobenzene ( K, Δr G0, Δr H0, and TΔr S0) were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy. β-Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes are not affected by pH change unlike those obtained with calixarenes. All the studied systems were enthalpically favored. Nevertheless, the entropic behavior is different depending on the host. In order to interpret these experimental results, molecular simulations were used to calculate the number of atoms inserted into the cage-like host compounds and the number of water molecules expelled from the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Garnier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Sabine Sarraute
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Yael Israëli
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Christine Bonal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Patrice Malfreyt
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
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31
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Poutanen M, Ahmed Z, Rautkari L, Ikkala O, Priimagi A. Thermal Isomerization of Hydroxyazobenzenes as a Platform for Vapor Sensing. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:381-386. [PMID: 29607244 PMCID: PMC5871339 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Photoisomerization of azobenzene derivatives is a versatile tool for devising light-responsive materials for a broad range of applications in photonics, robotics, microfabrication, and biomaterials science. Some applications rely on fast isomerization kinetics, while for others, bistable azobenzenes are preferred. However, solid-state materials where the isomerization kinetics depends on the environmental conditions have been largely overlooked. Herein, an approach to utilize the environmental sensitivity of isomerization kinetics is developed. It is demonstrated that thin polymer films containing hydroxyazobenzenes offer a conceptually novel platform for sensing hydrogen-bonding vapors in the environment. The concept is based on accelerating the thermal cis-trans isomerization rate through hydrogen-bond-catalyzed changes in the thermal isomerization pathway, which allows for devising a relative humidity sensor with high sensitivity and quick response to relative humidity changes. The approach is also applicable for detecting other hydrogen-bonding vapors such as methanol and ethanol. Employing isomerization kinetics of azobenzenes for vapor sensing opens new intriguing possibilities for using azobenzene molecules in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Poutanen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Zafar Ahmed
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lauri Rautkari
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
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32
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Nasaruddin RR, Chen T, Li J, Goswami N, Zhang J, Yan N, Xie J. Ligands Modulate Reaction Pathway in the Hydrogenation of 4-Nitrophenol Catalyzed by Gold Nanoclusters. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricca Rahman Nasaruddin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Tiankai Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Nirmal Goswami
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Jiaguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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33
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Yano A, Konno Y, Kinoshita E, Yano R. Concentration dependence of thermal isomerization process of methyl orange in ethanol. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Féraud G, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C, Marceca E. Photodissociation UV–Vis Spectra of Cold Protonated Azobenzene and 4-(Dimethylamino)azobenzene and Their Benzenediazonium Cation Fragment. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3897-905. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Féraud
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue Escadrille
Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Claude Dedonder-Lardeux
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue Escadrille
Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue Escadrille
Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Ernesto Marceca
- INQUIMAE,
FCEN-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, 3er piso, Pabellón II, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
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35
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Rubia-Payá C, de Miguel G, Martín-Romero MT, Giner-Casares JJ, Camacho L. UV-Vis Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy at air-liquid interfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 225:134-45. [PMID: 26385430 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UV-Visible Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy (UVRAS) technique is reviewed with a general perspective on fundamental and applications. UVRAS is formally identical to IR Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy (IRRAS), and therefore, the methodology developed for this IR technique can be applied in the UV-visible region. UVRAS can be applied to air-solid, air-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces. This review focuses on the use of UVRAS for studying Langmuir monolayers. We introduce the theoretical framework for a successful understanding of the UVRAS data, and we illustrate the usage of this data treatment to a previous study from our group comprising an amphiphilic porphyrin. For ultrathin films with a thickness of few nm, UVRAS produces positive or negative bands when p-polarized radiation is used, depending on the incidence angle and the orientation of dipole absorption. UVRAS technique provides highly valuable information on tilt of chromophores at the air-liquid interface, and moreover allows the determination of optical parameters. We propose UVRAS as a powerful technique to investigate the in situ optical properties of Langmuir monolayers.
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36
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Steinwand S, Halbritter T, Rastädter D, Ortiz-Sánchez JM, Burghardt I, Heckel A, Wachtveitl J. Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Hydroxy-Substituted Azobenzenes in Water. Chemistry 2015; 21:15720-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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Ochi R, Perur N, Yoshida K, Tamaoki N. Fast thermal cis–trans isomerization depending on pH and metal ions of water-soluble azobenzene derivatives containing a phosphate group. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Simoncelli S, Aramendía PF. Mechanistic insight into the Z–E isomerization catalysis of azobenzenes mediated by bare and core–shell gold nanoparticles. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We explored the catalytic effect of 15 nm diameter gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) upon the thermal Z–E isomerization reaction of azobenzene and nine 4 and 4-4′ substituted azobenzenes (ABs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Simoncelli
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias “Elizabeth Jares-Erijman” (CIBION-CONICET)
- Godoy Cruz 2390, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de Materiales
- Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE-CONICET)
- Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria
| | - Pedro F. Aramendía
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias “Elizabeth Jares-Erijman” (CIBION-CONICET)
- Godoy Cruz 2390, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Analítica y Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
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39
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Chandrasekaran V, Johannes E, Kobarg H, Sönnichsen FD, Lindhorst TK. Synthesis and photochromic properties of configurationally varied azobenzene glycosides. ChemistryOpen 2014; 3:99-108. [PMID: 25050228 PMCID: PMC4101725 DOI: 10.1002/open.201402010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial orientation of carbohydrates is a meaningful parameter in carbohydrate recognition processes. To vary orientation of sugars with temporal and spatial resolution, photosensitive glycoconjugates with favorable photochromic properties appear to be opportune. Here, a series of azobenzene glycosides were synthesized, employing glycoside synthesis and Mills reaction, to allow “switching” of carbohydrate orientation by reversible E/Z isomerization of the azobenzene N=N double bond. Their photochromic properties were tested and effects of azobenzene substitution as well as the effect of anomeric configuration and the orientation of the sugars 2-hydroxy group were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayanand Chandrasekaran
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Eugen Johannes
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Hauke Kobarg
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24118 Kiel (Germany) E-mail:
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Wang W, Wen Y, Xu L, Du H, Zhou Y, Zhang X. A Selective Release System Based on Dual‐Drug‐Loaded Mesoporous Silica for Nanoparticle‐Assisted Combination Therapy. Chemistry 2014; 20:7796-802. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Wang
- Research Center for Bioengineering & Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (P.R. China)
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- Research Center for Bioengineering & Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (P.R. China)
| | - Liping Xu
- Research Center for Bioengineering & Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (P.R. China)
| | - Hongwu Du
- Research Center for Bioengineering & Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (P.R. China)
| | - Yabin Zhou
- Research Center for Bioengineering & Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (P.R. China)
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Bioengineering & Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (P.R. China)
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The photochemistry of an aryl pentazole in liquid solutions: The anionic 4-oxidophenylpentazole (OPP). J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Roldán-Carmona C, Rubia-Payá C, Pérez-Morales M, Martín-Romero MT, Giner-Casares JJ, Camacho L. UV-Vis reflection spectroscopy under variable angle incidence at the air–liquid interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:4012-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54658f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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43
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Yuan W, Guo W, Zou H, Ren J. Tunable thermo-, pH- and light-responsive copolymer micelles. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00478c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Levin PP, Tatikolov AS, Zaichenko NL, Shienok AI, Kol’tsova LS, Mardaleishvili IR, Popov LD, Levchenkov SI, Berlin AA. Study of spectral and kinetic characteristics of products of photolysis of a trifunctional compound with light of different wavelengths. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s001814391204011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
This paper presents a thermogravimetric study of azo-polysiloxanic materials that may be used as supports for cells culture. This type of polymer may generate nanostructured surfaces when subjected to laser irradiation, yielding a cell response that depends on surface relief. Modification of cell growth supports using nanostructured synthetic materials improves general understanding of the complex mechanisms that control cell adhesion and migration in normal conditions, as well as in various pathologies. These polymers require good thermal stability, since they need to be able to withstand both the interaction with the laser source, as well as various sterilization processes, without noticeable alteration in structure and properties. Thermal stability analysis confirms that the azo-polysiloxanic materials under study here may be used up to 300 °C in dynamic temperature conditions and also for a period of 40 minutes in isothermal conditions at 180 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lisa
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Romania
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Garcia-Amorós J, Nonell S, Velasco D. Light-controlled real time information transmitting systems based on nanosecond thermally-isomerising amino-azopyridinium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3421-3. [PMID: 22327562 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17782j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aminoazopyridines are valuable molecules for stable information transmitting systems as well as for light-controlled optical oscillators. Amino-substituted azopyridinium methyl iodide salts transmit optical information within the time scale of nanoseconds, and moreover, show oscillation frequencies up to 1 MHz at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Garcia-Amorós
- Grup de Materials Orgànics, Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Möller S, Pliquett U, Hoffmann C. Synthesis of molecular photoswitches based on azobenzene with an organosilane anchor. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20151h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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48
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Ferreira IR, Ando RA. Shifting the Azo–hydrazone tautomeric equilibrium of methyl yellow in acidic medium by the formation of inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Azobenzene undergoes trans→cis isomerization when irradiated with light tuned to an appropriate wavelength. The reverse cis→trans isomerization can be driven by light or occurs thermally in the dark. Azobenzene's photochromatic properties make it an ideal component of numerous molecular devices and functional materials. Despite the abundance of application-driven research, azobenzene photochemistry and the isomerization mechanism remain topics of investigation. Additional substituents on the azobenzene ring system change the spectroscopic properties and isomerization mechanism. This critical review details the studies completed to date on the 3 main classes of azobenzene derivatives. Understanding the differences in photochemistry, which originate from substitution, is imperative in exploiting azobenzene in the desired applications.
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Abstract
The photoisomerization of azobenzene has been known for almost 75 years but only recently has this process been widely applied to biological systems. The central challenge of how to productively couple the isomerization process to a large functional change in a biomolecule has been met in a number of instances and it appears that effective photocontrol of a large variety of biomolecules may be possible. This critical review summarizes key properties of azobenzene that enable its use as a photoswitch in biological systems and describes strategies for using azobenzene photoswitches to drive functional changes in peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates (192 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Beharry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St. Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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