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Warner BB, Rosa BA, Ndao IM, Tarr PI, Miller JP, England SK, Luby JL, Rogers CE, Hall-Moore C, Bryant RE, Wang JD, Linneman LA, Smyser TA, Smyser CD, Barch DM, Miller GE, Chen E, Martin J, Mitreva M. Social and psychological adversity are associated with distinct mother and infant gut microbiome variations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5824. [PMID: 37726348 PMCID: PMC10509221 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Health disparities are driven by underlying social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors. However, how social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors lead to adverse health outcomes is unclear, particularly when exposure begins prenatally. Variations in the gut microbiome and circulating proinflammatory cytokines offer potential mechanistic pathways. Here, we interrogate the gut microbiome of mother-child dyads to compare high-versus-low prenatal social disadvantage, psychosocial stressors and maternal circulating cytokine cohorts (prospective case-control study design using gut microbiomes from 121 dyads profiled with 16 S rRNA sequencing and 89 dyads with shotgun metagenomic sequencing). Gut microbiome characteristics significantly predictive of social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors in the mothers and children indicate that different discriminatory taxa and related pathways are involved, including many species of Bifidobacterium and related pathways across several comparisons. The lowest inter-individual gut microbiome similarity was observed among high-social disadvantage/high-psychosocial stressors mothers, suggesting distinct environmental exposures driving a diverging gut microbiome assembly compared to low-social disadvantage/low-psychosocial stressors controls (P = 3.5 × 10-5 for social disadvantage, P = 2.7 × 10-15 for psychosocial stressors). Children's gut metagenome profiles at 4 months also significantly predicted high/low maternal prenatal IL-6 (P = 0.029), with many bacterial species overlapping those identified by social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors. These differences, based on maternal social and psychological status during a critical developmental window early in life, offer potentially modifiable targets to mitigate health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara B Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Bruce A Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - I Malick Ndao
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Phillip I Tarr
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - J Philip Miller
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sarah K England
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joan L Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Carla Hall-Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Renay E Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jacqueline D Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Laura A Linneman
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Tara A Smyser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics and Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Psychiatry, & Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research & Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Edith Chen
- Institute for Policy Research & Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - John Martin
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, and McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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2
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Zuniga-Chaves I, Eggers S, Kates AE, Safdar N, Suen G, Malecki KMC. Neighborhood socioeconomic status is associated with low diversity gut microbiomes and multi-drug resistant microorganism colonization. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:61. [PMID: 37640705 PMCID: PMC10462741 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Social disparities continue to limit universal access to health care, directly impacting both lifespan and quality of life. Concomitantly, the gut microbiome has been associated with downstream health outcomes including the global rise in antibiotic resistance. However, limited evidence exists examining socioeconomic status (SES) associations with gut microbiome composition. To address this, we collected information on the community-level SES, gut microbiota, and other individual cofactors including colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in an adult cohort from Wisconsin, USA. We found an association between SES and microbial composition that is mediated by food insecurity. Additionally, we observed a higher prevalence of MDROs isolated from individuals with low diversity microbiomes and low neighborhood SES. Our integrated population-based study considers how the interplay of several social and economic factors combine to influence gut microbial composition while providing a framework for developing future interventions to help mitigate the SES health gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Zuniga-Chaves
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shoshannah Eggers
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ashley E Kates
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nasia Safdar
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Garret Suen
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Kristen M C Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Chicago Illinois, IL, Chicago, USA.
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3
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Mallott EK, Sitarik AR, Leve LD, Cioffi C, Camargo CA, Hasegawa K, Bordenstein SR. Human microbiome variation associated with race and ethnicity emerges as early as 3 months of age. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002230. [PMID: 37590208 PMCID: PMC10434942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human microbiome variation is linked to the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of many diseases and associates with race and ethnicity in the United States. However, the age at which microbiome variability emerges between these groups remains a central gap in knowledge. Here, we identify that gut microbiome variation associated with race and ethnicity arises after 3 months of age and persists through childhood. One-third of the bacterial taxa that vary across caregiver-identified racial categories in children are taxa reported to also vary between adults. Machine learning modeling of childhood microbiomes from 8 cohort studies (2,756 samples from 729 children) distinguishes racial and ethnic categories with 87% accuracy. Importantly, predictive genera are also among the top 30 most important taxa when childhood microbiomes are used to predict adult self-identified race and ethnicity. Our results highlight a critical developmental window at or shortly after 3 months of age when social and environmental factors drive race and ethnicity-associated microbiome variation and may contribute to adult health and health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. Mallott
- Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Alexandra R. Sitarik
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Leslie D. Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Camille Cioffi
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Seth R. Bordenstein
- Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Departments of Biology and Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The One Health Microbiome Center, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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4
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Fan KC, Lin CC, Liu YC, Chao YP, Lai YJ, Chiu YL, Chuang YF. Altered gut microbiota in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a case-control study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1162057. [PMID: 37346147 PMCID: PMC10281289 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1162057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The microbiota-gut-brain axis is implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Gut microbiota alterations in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are inconsistent and remain to be understood. This study aims to investigate the gut microbial composition associated with MCI, cognitive functions, and structural brain differences. Methods A nested case-control study was conducted in a community-based prospective cohort where detailed cognitive functions and structural brain images were collected. Thirty-one individuals with MCI were matched to sixty-five cognitively normal controls by age strata, gender, and urban/rural area. Fecal samples were examined using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) V3-V4 sequencing. Compositional differences between the two groups were identified and correlated with the cognitive functions and volumes/thickness of brain structures. Results There was no significant difference in alpha and beta diversity between MCIs and cognitively normal older adults. However, the abundance of the genus Ruminococcus, Butyricimonas, and Oxalobacter decreased in MCI patients, while an increased abundance of nine other genera, such as Flavonifractor, were found in MCIs. Altered genera discriminated MCI patients well from controls (AUC = 84.0%) and were associated with attention and executive function. Conclusion This study provides insights into the role of gut microbiota in the neurodegenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Chen Fan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chien Liu
- Department of Neurology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jun Lai
- Division of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Chiu
- Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics and Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chuang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Bosch JA, Nieuwdorp M, Zwinderman AH, Deschasaux M, Radjabzadeh D, Kraaij R, Davids M, de Rooij SR, Lok A. The gut microbiota and depressive symptoms across ethnic groups. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7129. [PMID: 36473853 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is thought to play a role in depressive disorders, which makes it an attractive target for interventions. Both the microbiome and depressive symptom levels vary substantially across ethnic groups. Thus, any intervention for depression targeting the microbiome requires understanding of microbiome-depression associations across ethnicities. Analysing data from the HELIUS cohort, we characterize the gut microbiota and its associations with depressive symptoms in 6 ethnic groups (Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, Moroccan; N = 3211), living in the same urban area. Diversity of the gut microbiota, both within (α-diversity) and between individuals (β-diversity), predicts depressive symptom levels, taking into account demographic, behavioural, and medical differences. These associations do not differ between ethnic groups. Further, β-diversity explains 29%-18% of the ethnic differences in depressive symptoms. Bacterial genera associated with depressive symptoms belong to mulitple families, prominently including the families Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. In summary, the results show that the gut microbiota are linked to depressive symptom levels and that this association generalizes across ethnic groups. Moreover, the results suggest that ethnic differences in the gut microbiota may partly explain parallel disparities in depression.
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6
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Abstract
Prior research on early-life exposures to famine has established in utero development as a critical period of vulnerability to malnutrition. Yet, previous research tends to focus narrowly on this stage, at the expense of a more comprehensive examination of childhood. As a result, the literature has yet to compare the severity of the consequences of exposure to malnutrition across developmentally salient periods. Such comparison is crucial not only in the magnitude of effects but also in the nature of outcomes. Using a restricted population registry-linked health survey, this study examines the Dutch Hunger Winter to provide a comprehensive examination of the long-term consequences of in utero, infant, childhood, and adolescent exposure to famine. The results show malnutrition leads to heterogeneous effects depending on when the exposure occurs. In utero exposure to malnutrition leads to deleterious conditions in physical health and lower socioeconomic attainment. For older cohorts, results suggest a resilience to the effects of malnutrition on physical health in late life, but a higher vulnerability to socioeconomic stunting. Furthermore, the results suggest important gender differences in the long-term impact of malnutrition. Males consistently show stronger negative consequences across a wider array of conditions.
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7
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McDade TW, Harris KM. From society to cells and back again: new opportunities for discovery at the biosocial interface. Discov Soc Sci Health 2022; 2:4. [PMID: 35403124 PMCID: PMC8905278 DOI: 10.1007/s44155-022-00007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new generation of community- and population-based research is combining measures of social context, experience, and behavior with direct measures of physiology, gene sequence and function, and health. Studies drawing on models and methods from the social and biological sciences have the potential to illuminate the multilevel mechanisms through which experience becomes biology, and to move past decontextualized and reductionistic approaches to human development, behavior, and health. In this perspective we highlight challenges and opportunities at the biosocial interface, and briefly discuss COVID-19 as a case study demonstrating the importance of linking across levels of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. McDade
- Department of Anthropology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Department of Sociology and Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA
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8
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Ahmed E, Hens K. Microbiome in Precision Psychiatry: An Overview of the Ethical Challenges Regarding Microbiome Big Data and Microbiome-Based Interventions. AJOB Neurosci 2022; 13:270-286. [PMID: 34379050 DOI: 10.1080/21507740.2021.1958096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
There has been a spurt in both fundamental and translational research that examines the underlying mechanisms of the human microbiome in psychiatric disorders. The personalized and dynamic features of the human microbiome suggest the potential of its manipulation for precision psychiatry in ways to improve mental health and avoid disease. However, findings in the field of microbiome also raise philosophical and ethical questions. From a philosophical point of view, they may yet be another attempt at providing a biological cause for phenomena that ultimately cannot be so easily localized. From an ethical point of view, it is relevant that the human gut microbiome comprises data on the individual's lifestyle, disease history, previous medications, and mental health. Massive datasets of microbiome sequences are collected to facilitate comparative studies to identify specific links between the microbiome and mental health. Although this emerging research domain may show promise for psychiatric patients, it is surrounded by ethical challenges regarding patient privacy, health risks, effects on personal identity, and concerns about responsibility. This narrative overview displays the roles and advances of microbiome research in psychiatry and discusses the philosophical and ethical implications of microbiome big data and microbiome-based interventions for psychiatric patients. We also investigate whether these issues are really "new," or "old wine in new bottles."
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ahmed
- University of Antwerp.,Suez Canal University
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9
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Xiao W, Gao D, Chen HD, Qiao Y, Ma ZS, Duan L. Diversity Scaling Analysis of Chinese Gut Microbiomes Across Ethnicities and Lifestyles. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:736393. [PMID: 34956110 PMCID: PMC8692740 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.736393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity scaling (changes) of human gut microbiome is important because it measures the inter-individual heterogeneity of diversity and other important parameters of population-level diversity. Understanding the heterogeneity of microbial diversity can be used as a reference for the personalized medicine of microbiome-associated diseases. Similar to diversity per se, diversity scaling may also be influenced by host factors, especially lifestyles and ethnicities. Nevertheless, this important topic regarding Chinese populations has not been addressed, to our best knowledge. Here, we fill the gap by applying a recent extension to the classic species–area relationship (SAR), i.e., diversity–area relationship (DAR), to reanalyze a large dataset of Chinese gut microbiomes covering the seven biggest Chinese ethnic groups (covering > 95% Chinese) living rural and urban lifestyles. Four DAR profiles were constructed to investigate the diversity scaling, diversity overlap, potential maximal diversity, and the ratio of local to global diversity of Chinese gut microbiomes. We discovered the following: (i) The diversity scaling parameters (z) at various taxon levels are little affected by either ethnicity or lifestyles, as exhibited by less than 0.5% differences in pairwise comparisons. (ii) The maximal accrual diversity (potential diversity) exhibited difference in only about 5% of pairwise comparisons, and all of the differences occurred in ethnicity comparisons (i.e., lifestyles had no effects). (iii) Ethnicity seems to have stronger effects than lifestyles across all taxon levels, and this may reflect the reality that China has been experiencing rapid urbanization in the last few decades, while the ethnic-related genetic background may change relatively little during the same period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Xiao
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Depei Gao
- Radiology Department, The 3rd-Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongju Daisy Chen
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yuting Qiao
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhanshan Sam Ma
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lincan Duan
- The 2nd Thoracic Surgery Department, The 3rd-Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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10
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Bi YJ, Liu RZ, Ji WB, Wei HD, Pan L, Li JH, Li X, Zhang RX, Liu HG, Bao J. Early social contact alters the community structure and functions of the faecal microbiome in suckling-growing piglets. Animal 2021; 15:100393. [PMID: 34844184 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Social contact during suckling, in an enriched social environment, can reduce the aggressive behaviours of piglets during regrouping at weaning, and improve their production performance and welfare. The aim of this study was to determine the possible impact of suckling social contact on gut microbes. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to measure the faecal microbial structure and function in piglets experiencing social contact. Eighteen-litter piglets were allocated to two treatments: an early continuous social contact (CSC) group where piglets from adjacent pens shared a mutual pen starting at 14 days postpartum and a control (CON) group where piglets had no contact with individuals from adjacent pens during the suckling period. The piglets were regrouped at 36 days of age. The litter weights at 35 and 63 days of age were measured. Faecal samples were randomly collected at 16, 35, 42, and 63 days of age and faecal DNA was determined. The results showed that the litter weight of piglets in the CSC group was significantly decreased at 63 days compared with the CON group. Continuous social contact also significantly decreased the microbial richness at 16 and 35 days of age (P < 0.05). Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum in both groups at all detected time-points and the abundance increased with social contact. At the genus level, Lactobacillus was the most abundant bacterium after weaning and the abundance increased in the piglets with social contact. Compared with the faecal microbiota of control piglets, a total of 22 genera at 16 days, 20 genera at 35 days, 12 genera at 42 days, and 27 genera at 63 days in the faeces of CSC piglets were observed to be significantly different in abundance (linear discriminant analysis score > 3, P < 0.05). Furthermore, functional analysis of the microbial composition showed that the changes induced by early CSC mainly altered the relative abundance of metabolic and related pathways. The social contact notably had an effect on the abundance of microbial pathways for amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. In conclusion, CSC changed the microbial composition in the faeces of piglets, which might have a negative effect on nutrient metabolism for the suckling-growing piglets. Our study provided new insight into the influence of social contact on the suckling-growing piglets.
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11
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Lewis CR, Bonham KS, McCann SH, Volpe AR, D’Sa V, Naymik M, De Both MD, Huentelman MJ, Lemery-Chalfant K, Highlander SK, Deoni SCL, Klepac-Ceraj V. Family SES Is Associated with the Gut Microbiome in Infants and Children. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1608. [PMID: 34442687 PMCID: PMC8398307 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While early life exposures such as mode of birth, breastfeeding, and antibiotic use are established regulators of microbiome composition in early childhood, recent research suggests that the social environment may also exert influence. Two recent studies in adults demonstrated associations between socioeconomic factors and microbiome composition. This study expands on this prior work by examining the association between family socioeconomic status (SES) and host genetics with microbiome composition in infants and children. METHODS Family SES was used to predict a latent variable representing six genera abundances generated from whole-genome shotgun sequencing. A polygenic score derived from a microbiome genome-wide association study was included to control for potential genetic associations. Associations between family SES and microbiome diversity were assessed. RESULTS Anaerostipes, Bacteroides, Eubacterium, Faecalibacterium, and Lachnospiraceae spp. significantly loaded onto a latent factor, which was significantly predicted by SES (p < 0.05) but not the polygenic score (p > 0.05). Our results indicate that SES did not predict alpha diversity but did predict beta diversity (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that modifiable environmental factors influence gut microbiome composition at an early age. These results are important as our understanding of gut microbiome influences on health continue to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace R. Lewis
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (M.N.); (M.D.D.B.); (M.J.H.)
| | - Kevin S. Bonham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA; (K.S.B.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Shelley Hoeft McCann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA; (K.S.B.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Alexandra R. Volpe
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (A.R.V.); (V.D.); (S.C.L.D.)
| | - Viren D’Sa
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (A.R.V.); (V.D.); (S.C.L.D.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Marcus Naymik
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (M.N.); (M.D.D.B.); (M.J.H.)
| | - Matt D. De Both
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (M.N.); (M.D.D.B.); (M.J.H.)
| | - Matthew J. Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (M.N.); (M.D.D.B.); (M.J.H.)
| | | | - Sarah K. Highlander
- Pathogen and Microbiome Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute North (TGen), Flagstaff, AZ 86005, USA;
| | - Sean C. L. Deoni
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (A.R.V.); (V.D.); (S.C.L.D.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- MNCH D&T, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Vanja Klepac-Ceraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA; (K.S.B.); (S.H.M.)
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12
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Andreo-Martínez P, Rubio-Aparicio M, Sánchez-Meca J, Veas A, Martínez-González AE. A Meta-analysis of Gut Microbiota in Children with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:1374-1387. [PMID: 33948825 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported dysbiosis in the gut microbiota (GM) of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), which may be a determining factor on child development through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, it is not clear if there is a specific group of dysbiotic bacteria in ASD. The aim of this study was to carry out a meta-analysis on the studies that analyze GM in children with ASD. 18 studies fulfilled our selection criteria. Our results showed a lower relative abundance of Streptococcus (SMD+ = - 0.999; 95% CI - 1.549, - 0.449) and Bifidobacterium genera (SMD+ = - 0.513; 95% CI - 0.953, - 0.073) in children with ASD. Overall, the Bifidobacterium genera is involved. However, differences found between studies are attributed to factors such as reporting bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Andreo-Martínez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Rubio-Aparicio
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Julio Sánchez-Meca
- Department Basic Psychology and Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Veas
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Agustín Ernesto Martínez-González
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. .,Department of Developmental Psychology and Didactics, University of Alicante (Spain), Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n. Edificio Facultad de Educación, Apdo, Correos, 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain.
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13
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Carbia C, Lannoy S, Maurage P, López-Caneda E, O'Riordan KJ, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. A biological framework for emotional dysregulation in alcohol misuse: from gut to brain. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1098-118. [PMID: 33288871 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with impairments in social and emotional cognition that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of addiction. Repeated alcohol intoxications trigger inflammatory processes and sensitise the immune system. In addition, emerging data point to perturbations in the gut microbiome as a key regulator of the inflammatory cascade in AUD. Inflammation and social cognition are potent modulators of one another. At the same time, accumulating evidence implicates the gut microbiome in shaping emotional and social cognition, suggesting the possibility of a common underlying loop of crucial importance for addiction. Here we propose an integrative microbiome neuro-immuno-affective framework of how emotional dysregulation and alcohol-related microbiome dysbiosis could accelerate the cycle of addiction. We outline the overlapping effects of chronic alcohol use, inflammation and microbiome alterations on the fronto-limbic circuitry as a convergence hub for emotional dysregulation. We discuss the interdependent relationship of social cognition, immunity and the microbiome in relation to alcohol misuse- from binge drinking to addiction. In addition, we emphasise adolescence as a sensitive period for the confluence of alcohol harmful effects and emotional dysregulation in the developing gut-brain axis.
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14
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Huang L, Duan C, Xia X, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Wang B, Ding W, Yang Y. Commensal microbe-derived propionic acid mediates juvenile social isolation-induced social deficits and anxiety-like behaviors. Brain Res Bull 2021; 166:161-71. [PMID: 33279588 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Social experiences during early life are thought to be critical for proper social and emotional development. Conversely, social insults during development causes long-lasting behavioral abnormalities later in life. However, how juvenile social deprivation influences social and emotional behaviors remains poorly understood. Here, we show that juvenile social isolation induces a shift in microbial ecology that negatively impacts social and emotional behaviors in adulthood. These behavioral changes, which occur during this critical period are transferable to antibiotic pre-treated mice by fecal microbiota transplant. In addition, juvenile social isolation decreases the expression of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and increases the amounts of fecal propionic acid (PA), a short-chain fatty acid derived from gut micobiota. Accordingly, infusion with an OXTR antagonist (OXTR-A, l-368,899) specifically in the mPFC or supplementation of PA both can cause social deficits and anxiety-like behaviors in group housed mice. Collectively, our findings reveal that juvenile social experience regulates prefrontal cortical OXTR expression through gut microbiota-produced PA and that is essential for normal social and emotional behaviors, thus providing a cellular and molecular context to understand the consequences of juvenile social deprivation.
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15
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Manus MB, Kuthyar S, Perroni-Marañón AG, Núñez-de la Mora A, Amato KR. Infant Skin Bacterial Communities Vary by Skin Site and Infant Age across Populations in Mexico and the United States. mSystems 2020; 5:e00834-20. [PMID: 33144313 DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00834-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study contributes to the sparse literature on the infant skin microbiome in general, and the virtually nonexistent literature on the infant skin microbiome in a field setting. While microbiome research often addresses patterns at a national scale, this study addresses the influence of population-level factors, such as maternal socioeconomic status and contact with caregivers, on infant skin bacterial communities. This approach strengthens our understanding of how local variables influence the infant skin microbiome, and paves the way for additional studies to combine biological sample collection with questionnaires to adequately capture how specific behaviors dictate infant microbial exposures. Work in this realm has implications for infant care and health, as well as for investigating how the microbial communities of different body sites develop over time, with applications to specific health outcomes associated with the skin microbiome (e.g., immune system development or atopic dermatitis). Daily practices put humans in close contact with the surrounding environment, and differences in these practices have an impact on human physiology, development, and health. There is mounting evidence that the microbiome represents an interface that mediates interactions between the human body and the environment. In particular, the skin microbiome serves as the primary interface with the external environment and aids in host immune function by contributing as the first line of defense against pathogens. Despite these important connections, we have only a basic understanding of how the skin microbiome is first established, or which environmental factors contribute to its development. To this end, this study compared the skin bacterial communities of infants (n = 47) living in four populations in Mexico and the United States that span the socioeconomic gradient, where we predicted that variation in physical and social environments would shape the infant skin microbiome. Results of 16S rRNA bacterial gene sequencing on 119 samples (armpit, hand, and forehead) showed that infant skin bacterial diversity and composition are shaped by population-level factors, including those related to socioeconomic status and household composition, and vary by skin site and infant age. Differences in infant-environment interactions, including with other people, appear to vary across the populations, likely influencing infant microbial exposures and, in turn, the composition of infant skin bacterial communities. These findings suggest that variation in microbial exposures stemming from the local environment in infancy can impact the establishment of the skin microbiome across body sites, with implications for developmental and health outcomes. IMPORTANCE This study contributes to the sparse literature on the infant skin microbiome in general, and the virtually nonexistent literature on the infant skin microbiome in a field setting. While microbiome research often addresses patterns at a national scale, this study addresses the influence of population-level factors, such as maternal socioeconomic status and contact with caregivers, on infant skin bacterial communities. This approach strengthens our understanding of how local variables influence the infant skin microbiome, and paves the way for additional studies to combine biological sample collection with questionnaires to adequately capture how specific behaviors dictate infant microbial exposures. Work in this realm has implications for infant care and health, as well as for investigating how the microbial communities of different body sites develop over time, with applications to specific health outcomes associated with the skin microbiome (e.g., immune system development or atopic dermatitis).
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16
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Abstract
In light of recent data, microorganisms should be construed as organisms that are capable of communication and collective behaviors. Microbial communication signals are involved both in interactions among microbial cells within microbial social systems, including the human body-inhabiting microconsortium, and the dialog between the microbiota and the host organism. The microbiota inhabits various niches of the host organism, especially the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Microorganisms release diverse signal molecules and, in addition, specifically respond to host signals. This enables them to constantly interact with the nervous system including the brain and the immune system of the host organism. Evolutionarily conserved signals that are involved in the communication between microbiota and the host include neuroactive substances (neurochemicals) such as peptides, amino acids, biogenic amines, short-chain fatty acids, and gaseous substances. This ongoing dialog may either stabilize the host's physical and mental health state or, alternatively, cause serious health problems. Attempts are made to correct imbalances in the brain-gut-microbiota axis with probiotics including their subgroup called psychobiotics that release neuroactive substances directly influencing the human brain, psyche, and behavior. A number of recent review works address the microbiota-host system and its communication signals. Some of the publications focus on the involvement of neurochemicals in the bidirectional communication within the host-microbiota system. However, this work concentrates on the impact of bacterial cell components, metabolites, and signal molecules as promising alternatives to the currently widespread probiotics that have both advantages and disadvantages. Such biologically active agents of microbial origin are referred to as postbiotics or, alternatively, metabiotics (the term preferred in this work).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Oleskin
- General Ecology Department, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiev Hills, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Boris A Shenderov
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health; Moscow, Research Laboratory for Design & Implementation of Personalized Nutrition-Related Products & Diets, K. G. Razumovsky University of Technology & Management, Moscow, Russia
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17
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Shahmanesh M, Harling G, Coltart CEM, Bailey H, King C, Gibbs J, Seeley J, Phillips A, Sabin CA, Aldridge RW, Sonnenberg P, Hart G, Rowson M, Pillay D, Johnson AM, Abubakar I, Field N. From the micro to the macro to improve health: microorganism ecology and society in teaching infectious disease epidemiology. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20:e142-e147. [PMID: 32386611 PMCID: PMC7252039 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic and emerging infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance remain a substantial global health threat. Microbiota are increasingly recognised to play an important role in health. Infections also have a profound effect beyond health, especially on global and local economies. To maximise health improvements, the field of infectious disease epidemiology needs to derive learning from ecology and traditional epidemiology. New methodologies and tools are transforming understanding of these systems, from a better understanding of socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural drivers of infection, to improved methods to detect microorganisms, describe the immunome, and understand the role of human microbiota. However, exploiting the potential of novel methods to improve global health remains elusive. We argue that to exploit these advances a shift is required in the teaching of infectious disease epidemiology to ensure that students are well versed in a breadth of disciplines, while maintaining core epidemiological skills. We discuss the following key points using a series of teaching vignettes: (1) integrated training in classic and novel techniques is needed to develop future scientists and professionals who can work from the micro (interactions between pathogens, their cohabiting microbiota, and the host at a molecular and cellular level), with the meso (the affected communities), and to the macro (wider contextual drivers of disease); (2) teach students to use a team-science multidisciplinary approach to effectively integrate biological, clinical, epidemiological, and social tools into public health; and (3) develop the intellectual skills to critically engage with emerging technologies and resolve evolving ethical dilemmas. Finally, students should appreciate that the voices of communities affected by infection need to be kept at the heart of their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shahmanesh
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Guy Harling
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa; MRC/Wits-Agincourt Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Harvard Centre for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Heather Bailey
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carina King
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jo Gibbs
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Janet Seeley
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Andrew Phillips
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Caroline A Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert W Aldridge
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pam Sonnenberg
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Graham Hart
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mike Rowson
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Deenan Pillay
- Division of infection and immunity, University College London, London, UK; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anne M Johnson
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ibrahim Abubakar
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nigel Field
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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18
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Karaivazoglou K, Konstantakis C, Assimakopoulos SF, Triantos C. Neonate gut colonization: The rise of a social brain. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13767. [PMID: 31788958 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human gut microbiota constitutes an integral part of human physiology, playing an important role in maintaining health, and compositional or functional changes in intestinal microbiota may be associated with the emergence of several chronic diseases. Animal and human studies have shown that there is a dynamic cross-talk between intestinal microorganisms and brain networks which has an impact on neurodevelopment and may be extremely critical in shaping human social behavior. PURPOSE The aim of the current review is to appraise and present in a concise manner all findings linking the evolution of neonate and infant gut colonization with early social development and to formulate scientifically informed hypotheses which could guide future research on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Karaivazoglou
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece.,Centre for Children with Developmental Disorders, EPSYPEA, Mesolongi, Greece
| | - Christos Konstantakis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | | | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
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19
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Galli I, Fasanelli R. Public understanding of science and common sense: Social representations of the human microbiome among the expert and non-expert public. Health Psychol Open 2020; 7:2055102920913239. [PMID: 32528717 PMCID: PMC7262860 DOI: 10.1177/2055102920913239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this investigation is to examine the structure and the content of different social groups' representations of the human microbiome. We employed a non-probabilistic sample comprising two groups of participants. The first group (n = 244) included university students. The second group included lay people (n = 355). We chose a mixed-method approach. The data obtained were processed using IRaMuTeQ software. The results allow us to identify the anchoring and objectification processes activated by the two different groups of interviewees. The results could be useful to those in charge of implementing campaigns aimed at promoting health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Galli
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies - University of Naples Federico II.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies - University of Naples Federico II
| | - Roberto Fasanelli
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies - University of Naples Federico II.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies - University of Naples Federico II
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20
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Abstract
The human microbiome represents a new frontier in understanding the biology of human health. While epidemiology in this area is still in its infancy, its scope will likely expand dramatically over the coming years. To rise to the challenge, we argue that epidemiology should capitalize on its population perspective as a critical complement to molecular microbiome research, allowing for the illumination of contextual mechanisms that may vary more across populations rather than among individuals. We first briefly review current research on social context and the gut microbiome, focusing specifically on socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity. Next, we reflect on the current state of microbiome epidemiology through the lens of one specific area, the association of the gut microbiome and metabolic disorders. We identify key methodological shortcomings of current epidemiological research in this area, including extensive selection bias, the use of noncompositionally robust measures, and a lack of attention to social factors as confounders or effect modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Renson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - Pamela Herd
- McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
| | - Jennifer B Dowd
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London WC2B 4BG, United Kingdom; .,Current affiliation: Leverhulme Center for Demographic Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 1JD, United Kingdom;
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21
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Wiss DA. A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health. Front Public Health 2019; 7:193. [PMID: 31338359 PMCID: PMC6629782 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid crisis has reached epidemic proportions in the United States with rising overdose death rates. Identifying the underlying factors that contribute to addiction vulnerability may lead to more effective prevention strategies. Supply side environmental factors are a major contributing component. Psychosocial factors such as stress, trauma, and adverse childhood experiences have been linked to emotional pain leading to self-medication. Genetic and epigenetic factors associated with brain reward pathways and impulsivity are known predictors of addiction vulnerability. This review attempts to present a biopsychosocial approach that connects various social and biological theories related to the addiction crisis. The emerging role of nutrition therapy with an emphasis on gastrointestinal health in the treatment of opioid use disorder is presented. The biopsychosocial model integrates concepts from several disciplines, emphasizing multicausality rather than a reductionist approach. Potential solutions at multiple levels are presented, considering individual as well as population health. This single cohesive framework is based on the interdependency of the entire system, identifying risk and protective factors that may influence substance-seeking behavior. Nutrition should be included as one facet of a multidisciplinary approach toward improved recovery outcomes. Cross-disciplinary collaborative efforts, new ideas, and fiscal resources will be critical to address the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Wiss
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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22
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Renson A, Jones HE, Beghini F, Segata N, Zolnik CP, Usyk M, Moody TU, Thorpe L, Burk R, Waldron L, Dowd JB. Sociodemographic variation in the oral microbiome. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 35:73-80.e2. [PMID: 31151886 PMCID: PMC6626698 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Variations in the oral microbiome are potentially implicated in social inequalities in oral disease, cancers, and metabolic disease. We describe sociodemographic variation of oral microbiomes in a diverse sample. METHODS We performed 16S rRNA sequencing on mouthwash specimens in a subsample (n = 282) of the 2013-2014 population-based New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Study. We examined differential abundance of 216 operational taxonomic units, and alpha and beta diversity by age, sex, income, education, nativity, and race/ethnicity. For comparison, we examined differential abundance by diet, smoking status, and oral health behaviors. RESULTS Sixty-nine operational taxonomic units were differentially abundant by any sociodemographic variable (false discovery rate < 0.01), including 27 by race/ethnicity, 21 by family income, 19 by education, 3 by sex. We found 49 differentially abundant by smoking status, 23 by diet, 12 by oral health behaviors. Genera differing for multiple sociodemographic characteristics included Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium. CONCLUSIONS We identified oral microbiome variation consistent with health inequalities, more taxa differing by race/ethnicity than diet, and more by SES variables than oral health behaviors. Investigation is warranted into possible mediating effects of the oral microbiome in social disparities in oral and metabolic diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Renson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Heidi E Jones
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Francesco Beghini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Christine P Zolnik
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Department of Biology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Thomas U Moody
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lorna Thorpe
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Robert Burk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Epidemiology and Population Health, and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Levi Waldron
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY; Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Jennifer B Dowd
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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23
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Amato KR, Maurice CF, Guillemin K, Giles-Vernick T. Multidisciplinarity in Microbiome Research: A Challenge and Opportunity to Rethink Causation, Variability, and Scale. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900007. [PMID: 31099415 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This essay, written by a biologist, a microbial ecologist, a biological anthropologist, and an anthropologist-historian, examines tensions and translations in microbiome research on animals in the laboratory and field. The authors trace how research questions and findings in the laboratory are extrapolated into the field and vice versa, and the shifting evidentiary standards that these research settings require. Showing how complexities of microbiomes challenge traditional standards of causation, the authors contend that these challenges require new approaches to inferences used in ecology, anthropology, and history. As social scientists incorporate investigations of microbial life into their human studies, microbiome researchers venture into field settings to develop mechanistic understandings about the functions of complex microbial communities. These efforts generate new possibilities for cross-fertilizations and inference frameworks to interpret microbiome findings. Microbiome research should integrate multiple scales, levels of variability, and other disciplinary approaches to tackle questions spanning conditions from the laboratory to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Amato
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z8, Canada.,Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Avenue, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Corinne F Maurice
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z8, Canada.,Microbiology and Immunology Department, McGill University, Room 332, Bellini Building, Life Sciences Complex, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z8, Canada.,Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Blvd, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Tamara Giles-Vernick
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z8, Canada.,Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
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24
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Bowyer RCE, Jackson MA, Le Roy CI, Ni Lochlainn M, Spector TD, Dowd JB, Steves CJ. Socioeconomic Status and the Gut Microbiome: A TwinsUK Cohort Study. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E17. [PMID: 30641975 PMCID: PMC6351927 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Socioeconomic inequalities in health and mortality are well established, but the biological mechanisms underlying these associations are less understood. In parallel, the gut microbiome is emerging as a potentially important determinant of human health, but little is known about its broader environmental and social determinants. We test the association between gut microbiota composition and individual- and area-level socioeconomic factors in a well-characterized twin cohort. In this study, 1672 healthy volunteers from twin registry TwinsUK had data available for at least one socioeconomic measure, existing fecal 16S rRNA microbiota data, and all considered co-variables. Associations with socioeconomic status (SES) were robust to adjustment for known health correlates of the microbiome; conversely, these health-microbiome associations partially attenuated with adjustment for SES. Twins discordant for IMD (Index of Multiple Deprivation) were shown to significantly differ by measures of compositional dissimilarity, with suggestion the greater the difference in twin pair IMD, the greater the dissimilarity of their microbiota. Future research should explore how SES might influence the composition of the gut microbiota and its potential role as a mediator of differences associated with SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth C E Bowyer
- The Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Matthew A Jackson
- The Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - Caroline I Le Roy
- The Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Mary Ni Lochlainn
- The Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
- Clinical Age Research Unit, Kings College Hospital Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK.
| | - Tim D Spector
- The Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Jennifer B Dowd
- Department of Global Health & Social Medicine, King's Building, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 W 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Claire J Steves
- The Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
- Department of Ageing and Health, St Thomas' Hospital, 9th floor, North Wing, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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25
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Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Grochans E, Maciejewska D, Szkup M, Schneider-Matyka D, Jurczak A, Łoniewski I, Kaczmarczyk M, Marlicz W, Czerwińska-Rogowska M, Pełka-Wysiecka J, Dec K, Stachowska E. Faecal Short Chain Fatty Acids Profile is Changed in Polish Depressive Women. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1939. [PMID: 30544489 PMCID: PMC6316414 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) being produced during fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides are regulatory compounds with the potential to influence inflammatory, as well as emotional state and cognition through the gut⁻brain axis. We analyzed the association between stool concentration of SCFAs (acetic acid (C 2:0), propionic acid (C 3:0), isobutyric acid (C 4:0 i), butyric acid (C 4:0 n), isovaleric acid (C 5:0 i) valeric acid (C 5:0 n), isocaproic acid (C 6:0 i), caproic acid, and (C 6:0 n) heptanoic acid (C 7:0)) and depressive symptoms among women and looked for the potential confounders of microbiota byproduct synthesis. We enrolled 116 women aged 52.0 ± 4.7 years and recognized depression in 47 (40.52%). To analyze the emotional state, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) was used. We assessed SCFAs content by means of gas chromatography. Fiber intake was estimated using parts of food frequency questionnaire. The content of acetic acid was significantly lowered compared to non-depressed women (median {IQR}: 29.49 {20.81} vs. 34.99 {19.55}, p = 0.04). A tendency toward decreased level of propionic acid was noticed (median {IQR}: 16.88 {9.73} vs. 21.64 {12.17}, p = 0.07), while the concentration of isocaproic acid was significantly increased in (median {IQR}: 0.89 {1.15} vs. 0.56 {0.95}, p < 0.01) comparison to matched healthy subjects. We found negative correlations between acetate, propionate, and Beck's score (r = -0.2, p = 0.03; r = -0.21, p = 0.02, respectively). Statistically significant correlations between acetate and propionate and BDI somatic score (r = -0.21, p = 0.01; r = -0.17, p = 0.03), as well as correlations regarding isocaproic and both cognitive/affective (r = 0.37, p = 0.0001) and somatic (r = 9.37, p < 0.001) scores were found. Women who declared current usage of lipid-lowering and thyroid drugs in the past, had higher content of C6:0-i (Users; median {IQR}: 1.91 {3.62} vs. non-users; 0.55 {0.67}; p = 0.0048).and lower of C2:0 (Users; median {IQR}: 23.07 {12.80} vs. non users 33.73 {21.44}; p = 0.041), respectively. No correlations regarding SCFAs concentration and fiber intake were found. We concluded that SCFAs may potentially contribute to depression phenotype, however, due to the small size of groups suffering from moderately heavy (n = 5) and severe (n = 7) depression, the conclusion should be treated with caution. Pharmacotherapy of hyperlipidemia and thyroid disease might affect SCFAs synthesis. Studies with more participants are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Dominika Maciejewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Anna Jurczak
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Marlicz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Maja Czerwińska-Rogowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Karolina Dec
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
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