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Leskelä J, Putaala J, Martinez-Majander N, Tulkki L, Manzoor M, Zaric S, Ylikotila P, Lautamäki R, Saraste A, Suihko S, Könönen E, Sinisalo J, Pussinen P, Paju S. Periodontitis, Dental Procedures, and Young-Onset Cryptogenic Stroke. J Dent Res 2024; 103:494-501. [PMID: 38623924 PMCID: PMC11047014 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241232406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, and the risk may be particularly high among young people with unexplained stroke etiology. Thus, we investigated in a case-control study whether periodontitis or recent invasive dental treatments are associated with young-onset cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS). We enrolled participants from a multicenter case-control SECRETO study including adults aged 18 to 49 y presenting with an imaging-positive first-ever CIS and stroke-free age- and sex-matched controls. Thorough clinical and radiographic oral examination was performed. Furthermore, we measured serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipotechoic acid (LTA) levels. Multivariate conditional regression models were adjusted for stroke risk factors, regular dentist visits, and patent foramen ovale (PFO) status. We enrolled 146 case-control pairs (median age 41.9 y; 58.2% males). Periodontitis was diagnosed in 27.5% of CIS patients and 20.1% of controls (P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted models, CIS was associated with high periodontal inflammation burden (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval) with an OR of 10.48 (3.18-34.5) and severe periodontitis with an OR of 7.48 (1.24-44.9). Stroke severity increased with the severity of periodontitis, having an OR of 6.43 (1.87-23.0) in stage III to IV, grade C. Invasive dental treatments performed within 3 mo prestroke were associated with CIS, with an OR of 2.54 (1.01-6.39). Association between CIS and invasive dental treatments was especially strong among those with PFO showing an OR of 6.26 (1.72-40.2). LPS/LTA did not differ between CIS patients and controls but displayed an increasing trend with periodontitis severity. Periodontitis and recent invasive dental procedures were associated with CIS after controlling for multiple confounders. However, the role of bacteremia as a mediator of this risk was not confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Leskelä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. Putaala
- Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N. Martinez-Majander
- Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L. Tulkki
- Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M. Manzoor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S. Zaric
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - P. Ylikotila
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - R. Lautamäki
- Heart Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - A. Saraste
- Heart Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - S. Suihko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E. Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - J. Sinisalo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P.J. Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S. Paju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Li S, Fang F, Yin Y, Wang Q. Recent progresses in gut microbiome mediates obstructive sleep apnea-induced cardiovascular diseases. FASEB Bioadv 2024; 6:118-130. [PMID: 38585431 PMCID: PMC10995711 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifactorial sleep disorder with a high prevalence in the general population. OSA is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly hypertension, and is linked to worse outcomes. Although the correlation between OSA and CVDs is firmly established, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Continuous positive airway pressure is primary treatment for OSA reducing cardiovascular risk effectively, while is limited by inadequate compliance. Moreover, alternative treatments for cardiovascular complications in OSA are currently not available. Recently, there has been considerable attention on the significant correlation between gut microbiome and pathophysiological changes in OSA. Furthermore, gut microbiome has a significant impact on the cardiovascular complications that arise from OSA. Nevertheless, a detailed understanding of this association is lacking. This review examines recent advancements to clarify the link between the gut microbiome, OSA, and OSA-related CVDs, with a specific focus on hypertension, and also explores potential health advantages of adjuvant therapy that targets the gut microbiome in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Haifen Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Shuai Li
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Fan Fang
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yanran Yin
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
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Turpin T, Thouvenot K, Gonthier MP. Adipokines and Bacterial Metabolites: A Pivotal Molecular Bridge Linking Obesity and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis to Target. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1692. [PMID: 38136564 PMCID: PMC10742113 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are essential mediators produced by adipose tissue and exert multiple biological functions. In particular, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, IL-6, MCP-1 and PAI-1 play specific roles in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs involved in metabolic, immune and vascular health. During obesity, adipokine imbalance occurs and leads to a low-grade pro-inflammatory status, promoting insulin resistance-related diabetes and its vascular complications. A causal link between obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been demonstrated. The deregulation of gut bacteria communities characterizing this dysbiosis influences the synthesis of bacterial substances including lipopolysaccharides and specific metabolites, generated via the degradation of dietary components, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine metabolized into trimethylamine-oxide in the liver and indole derivatives. Emerging evidence suggests that these bacterial metabolites modulate signaling pathways involved in adipokine production and action. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular links between gut bacteria-derived metabolites and adipokine imbalance in obesity, and emphasizes their roles in key pathological mechanisms related to oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance and vascular disorder. Given this interaction between adipokines and bacterial metabolites, the review highlights their relevance (i) as complementary clinical biomarkers to better explore the metabolic, inflammatory and vascular complications during obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and (ii) as targets for new antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic triple action strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie-Paule Gonthier
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (T.T.); (K.T.)
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Oluwagbemigun K, Anesi A, Vrhovsek U, Mattivi F, Martino Adami P, Pentzek M, Scherer M, Riedel-Heller SG, Weyerer S, Bickel H, Wiese B, Schmid M, Cryan JF, Ramirez A, Wagner M, Nöthlings U. An Investigation into the Relationship of Circulating Gut Microbiome Molecules and Inflammatory Markers with the Risk of Incident Dementia in Later Life. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03513-6. [PMID: 37605096 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome may be involved in the occurrence of dementia primarily through the molecular mechanisms of producing bioactive molecules and promoting inflammation. Epidemiological evidence linking gut microbiome molecules and inflammatory markers to dementia risk has been mixed, and the intricate interplay between these groups of biomarkers suggests that their joint investigation in the context of dementia is warranted. We aimed to simultaneously investigate the association of circulating levels of selected gut microbiome molecules and inflammatory markers with dementia risk. This case-cohort epidemiological study included 805 individuals (83 years, 66% women) free of dementia at baseline. Plasma levels of 19 selected gut microbiome molecules comprising lipopolysaccharide, short-chain fatty acids, and indole-containing tryptophan metabolites as well as four inflammatory markers measured at baseline were linked to incident all-cause (ACD) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) in binary outcomes and time-to-dementia analyses. Independent of several covariates, seven gut microbiome molecules, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, indole-3-acryloylglycine, indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-acetic acid methyl ester, isobutyric acid, and 2-methylbutyric acid, but no inflammatory markers discriminated incident dementia cases from non-cases. Furthermore, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (hazard ratio: 0.58; 0.36-0.94, P = 0.025) was associated with time-to-ACD. These molecules underpin gut microbiome-host interactions in the development of dementia and they may be crucial in its prevention and intervention strategies. Future larger epidemiological studies are needed to confirm our findings, specifically in exploring the repeatedly measured circulating levels of these molecules and investigating their causal relationship with dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Andrea Anesi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pamela Martino Adami
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Pentzek
- Institute of General Practice, University Hospital Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, 20246, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weyerer
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Bickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, T12 XF62, Ireland
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Yin Y, Zhao X, Yang L, Wang K, Sun Y, Ye J. Dietary High Glycinin Reduces Growth Performance and Impairs Liver and Intestinal Health Status of Orange-Spotted Grouper ( Epinephelus coioides). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2605. [PMID: 37627396 PMCID: PMC10452031 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether the negative effects of dietary glycinin are linked to the structural integrity damage, apoptosis promotion and microbiota alteration in the intestine of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The basal diet (FM diet) was formulated to contain 48% protein and 11% lipid. Fish meal was replaced by soybean meal (SBM) in FM diets to prepare the SBM diet. Two experimental diets were prepared, containing 4.5% and 10% glycinin in the FM diets (G-4.5 and G-10, respectively). Triplicate groups of 20 fish in each tank (initial weight: 8.01 ± 0.10 g) were fed the four diets across an 8 week growth trial period. Fish fed SBM diets had reduced growth rate, hepatosomatic index, liver total antioxidant capacity and GSH-Px activity, but elevated liver MDA content vs. FM diets. The G-4.5 exhibited maximum growth and the G-10 exhibited a comparable growth with that of the FM diet group. The SBM and G-10 diets down-regulated intestinal tight junction function genes (occludin, claudin-3 and ZO-1) and intestinal apoptosis genes (caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, bcl-2 and bcl-xL), but elevated blood diamine oxidase activity, D-lactic acid and endotoxin contents related to intestinal mucosal permeability, as well as the number of intestinal apoptosis vs FM diets. The intestinal abundance of phylum Proteobacteria and genus Vibrio in SBM diets were higher than those in groups receiving other diets. As for the expression of intestinal inflammatory factor genes, in SBM and G-10 diets vs. FM diets, pro-inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8) were up-regulated, but anti-inflammatory genes (TGF-β1 and IL-10) were down-regulated. The results indicate that dietary 10% glycinin rather than 4.5% glycinin could decrease hepatic antioxidant ability and destroy both the intestinal microbiota profile and morphological integrity through disrupting the tight junction structure of the intestine, increasing intestinal mucosal permeability and apoptosis. These results further trigger intestinal inflammatory reactions and even enteritis, ultimately leading to the poor growth of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Yin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xingqiao Zhao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Lulu Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Kun Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.S.)
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yunzhang Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.S.)
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jidan Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.S.)
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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Zhang H, Zhan Q, Dong F, Gao X, Zeng F, Yao J, Gan Y, Zou S, Gu J, Fu H, Wang X. Associations of Chinese visceral adiposity index and new-onset stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: an observational study. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:74. [PMID: 37337187 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke represents the second most prevalent contributor to global mortality. The Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (CVAI) serves as an established metric for assessing visceral adiposity in the Chinese population, exhibiting prognostic capabilities. This investigation aimed to explore the association of CVAI and new-onset stroke among middle-aged and older Chinese populations. METHODS The study employed data from the 2011 and 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to assess the association of CVAI and the incidence of new-onset stroke. Utilizing a directed acyclic graph (DAG), 10 potential confounders were identified. Moreover, to explore the association between CVAI and new-onset stroke, three multifactor logistic regression models were constructed, accounting for the identified confounders and mitigating their influence on the findings. RESULTS The study comprised 7070 participants, among whom 417 (5.9%) experienced new-onset strokes. After controlling for confounding variables, regression analysis suggested that the new-onset stroke's highest risk was linked to the fourth quartile (Q4) of the CVAI, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.33 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.67-3.28. The decision tree analysis demonstrated a heightened probability of new-onset stroke among hypertensive individuals with a CVAI equal to or greater than 83, coupled with a C-reactive protein level no less than 1.1 mg/l. Age seemed to have a moderating influence on the CVAI and new-onset stroke association, exhibiting a more prominent interaction effect in participants under 60 years. CONCLUSIONS In middle-aged and older Chinese populations, a linear relationship was discerned between CVAI and the probability of new-onset stroke. CVAI provides a predictive framework for stroke incidence in this demographic, laying the groundwork for more sophisticated risk prediction models that improve the precision and specificity of stroke risk evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Fayan Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xueting Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Fanyue Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiahao Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yifan Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Shuhuai Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jianheng Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hongqian Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Han S, Cai L, Chen P, Kuang W. A study of the correlation between stroke and gut microbiota over the last 20years: a bibliometric analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191758. [PMID: 37350780 PMCID: PMC10282156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study intends to uncover a more thorough knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future trends in the field by presenting an overview of the relationship between stroke and gut microbiota in the past two decades. Method Studies on stroke and gut microbiota correlations published between 1st January 2002 and 31st December 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and then visualized and scientometrically analyzed using CiteSpace V. Results A total of 660 papers were included in the study, among which the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany were the leading research centers. Cleveland Clinic, Southern Medical University, and Chinese Academy of Science were the top three institutions. The NATURE was the most frequently co-cited journal. STANLEY L HAZEN was the most published author, and Tang WHW was the most cited one. The co-occurrence analysis revealed eight clusters (i.e., brain-gut microbiota axis, fecal microbiome transplantation, gut microbiota, hypertension, TMAO, ischemic stroke, neuroinflammation, atopobiosis). "gut microbiota," "Escherichia coli," "cardiovascular disease," "risk," "disease," "ischemic stroke," "stroke," "metabolism," "inflammation," and "phosphatidylcholine" were the most recent keyword explosions. Conclusion Findings suggest that in the next 10 years, the number of publications produced annually may increase significantly. Future research trends tend to concentrate on the mechanisms of stroke and gut microbiota, with the inflammation and immunological mechanisms, TMAO, and fecal transplantation as hotspots. And the relationship between these mechanisms and a particular cardiovascular illness may also be a future research trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Han
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longhui Cai
- First School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Chen
- School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Shi G, He D, Xiao H, Liu Y, Liu C, Cao F. Identification of the lncRNA-miRNA‒mRNA regulatory network for middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced ischemic stroke. Front Genet 2023; 14:1169190. [PMID: 37229192 PMCID: PMC10203218 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1169190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke known as a neurological disease has significant rates of disability and mortality. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models in rodents is crucial in stroke research to mimic human stroke. Building the mRNA and non-conding RNA network is essential for preventing MCAO-induced ischemic stroke occurrence. Herein, genome-wide mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA expression profiles among the MCAO group at 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h after surgery and controls using high-throughput RNA sequencing. We detected differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs), miRNAs (DE-miRNAs), and lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) between the MCAO and control groups. In addition, biological functional analyses were conducted, including GO/KEGG enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction analysis (PPI). GO analysis indicated that the DE-mRNAs were mainly enriched in several important biological processes as lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory response, and response to biotic stimulus. The PPI network analysis revealed that the 12 DE-mRNA target proteins showed more than 30° with other proteins, and the top three proteins with the highest node degree were Alb, IL-6, and TNF. In the DE-mRNAs, we found the mRNA of Gp6 and Elane interacting with two miRNAs (novel_miR_879 and novel_miR_528) and two lncRNAs (MSTRG.348134.3 and MSTRG.258402.19). As a result of this study, a new perspective can be gained into the molecular pathophysiology leading to the formation of MCAO. The mRNA-miRNA‒lncRNA regulatory networks play an important role in MCAO-induced ischemic stroke pathogenesis and could be applied to the treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu’e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Dingtao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heze, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Zhuo X, Luo H, Lei R, Lou X, Bian J, Guo J, Luo H, Zhang X, Jiao Q, Gong W. Association between Intestinal Microecological Changes and Atherothrombosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1223. [PMID: 37317197 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of large- and medium-sized arteries that causes ischemic heart disease, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease, collectively called cardiovascular disease (CVD), and is the leading cause of CVD resulting in a high rate of mortality in the population. AS is pathological by plaque development, which is caused by lipid infiltration in the vessel wall, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Recently, more and more scholars have paid attention to the importance of intestinal microecological disorders in the occurrence and development of AS. Intestinal G-bacterial cell wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bacterial metabolites, such as oxidized trimethylamine (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), are involved in the development of AS by affecting the inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and blood pressure regulation of the body. Additionally, intestinal microecology promotes the progression of AS by interfering with the normal bile acid metabolism of the body. In this review, we summarize the research on the correlation between maintaining a dynamic balance of intestinal microecology and AS, which may be potentially helpful for the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhuo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Rumei Lei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaokun Lou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Junfeng Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xingwei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qibin Jiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wenyan Gong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Wenzhou Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hangzhou 310000, China
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10
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Mashaqi S, Rangan P, Saleh AA, Abraham I, Gozal D, Quan SF, Parthasarathy S. Biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 69:101774. [PMID: 37028145 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on gut barrier dysfunction as represented by the following biomarkers: zonulin, lipopolysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide binding protein, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, and lactic acid. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov without language restrictions from inception to October 2022. The analysis of all outcomes was performed using a random-effects model. We included eight studies (seven cross sectional and one case control) in the final quantitative synthesis with a total of 897 patients. We concluded that OSA was associated with higher levels of gut barrier dysfunction biomarkers [Hedges' g = 0.73 (95%CI 0.37-1.09, p < 0.01). Biomarker levels were positively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index [r = 0.48 (95%CI 0.35-0.6, p < 0.01)] and oxygen desaturation index [r = 0.30 (95%CI 0.17-0.42, p < 0.01)], and negatively correlated with the nadir oxygen desaturation values [r = -0.45 (95%CI - 0.55 - - 0.32, p < 0.01). Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that OSA is associated with gut barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, OSA severity appears to be correlated with higher biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022333078.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Mashaqi
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine Tucson, 1625 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
| | - Pooja Rangan
- Division of Clinical Data Analytics and Decision Support, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Ahlam A Saleh
- Health Sciences Library, The University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - Ivo Abraham
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA.
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine Tucson, USA.
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11
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Sharp FR, DeCarli CS, Jin LW, Zhan X. White matter injury, cholesterol dysmetabolism, and APP/Abeta dysmetabolism interact to produce Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology: A hypothesis and review. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1096206. [PMID: 36845656 PMCID: PMC9950279 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1096206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We postulate that myelin injury contributes to cholesterol release from myelin and cholesterol dysmetabolism which contributes to Abeta dysmetabolism, and combined with genetic and AD risk factors, leads to increased Abeta and amyloid plaques. Increased Abeta damages myelin to form a vicious injury cycle. Thus, white matter injury, cholesterol dysmetabolism and Abeta dysmetabolism interact to produce or worsen AD neuropathology. The amyloid cascade is the leading hypothesis for the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The failure of clinical trials based on this hypothesis has raised other possibilities. Even with a possible new success (Lecanemab), it is not clear whether this is a cause or a result of the disease. With the discovery in 1993 that the apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (APOE4) was the major risk factor for sporadic, late-onset AD (LOAD), there has been increasing interest in cholesterol in AD since APOE is a major cholesterol transporter. Recent studies show that cholesterol metabolism is intricately involved with Abeta (Aβ)/amyloid transport and metabolism, with cholesterol down-regulating the Aβ LRP1 transporter and upregulating the Aβ RAGE receptor, both of which would increase brain Aβ. Moreover, manipulating cholesterol transport and metabolism in rodent AD models can ameliorate pathology and cognitive deficits, or worsen them depending upon the manipulation. Though white matter (WM) injury has been noted in AD brain since Alzheimer's initial observations, recent studies have shown abnormal white matter in every AD brain. Moreover, there is age-related WM injury in normal individuals that occurs earlier and is worse with the APOE4 genotype. Moreover, WM injury precedes formation of plaques and tangles in human Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and precedes plaque formation in rodent AD models. Restoring WM in rodent AD models improves cognition without affecting AD pathology. Thus, we postulate that the amyloid cascade, cholesterol dysmetabolism and white matter injury interact to produce and/or worsen AD pathology. We further postulate that the primary initiating event could be related to any of the three, with age a major factor for WM injury, diet and APOE4 and other genes a factor for cholesterol dysmetabolism, and FAD and other genes for Abeta dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles S. DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, The MIND Institute, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Neurology, The MIND Institute, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The MIND Institute, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
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12
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Zhou X, Zhang X, Zhao N, Zhang L, Qiu W, Song C, Chai J, Cai S, Chen W. Gut Microbiota Deficiency Exacerbates Liver Injury in Bile Duct Ligated Mice via Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043180. [PMID: 36834588 PMCID: PMC9960910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile components play a critical role in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis. In cholestasis, bile secretion is impaired, leading to liver injury. However, it remains to be elucidated whether gut microbiota plays a role in cholestatic liver injury. Here, we performed a sham operation and bile duct ligation (BDL) in antibiotic-induced microbiome depleted (AIMD) mice and assessed liver injury and fecal microbiota composition in these mice. Significant reductions in gut microbiota richness and diversity were found in AIMD-sham mice when compared to sham controls. Three-day BDL leads to great elevation of plasma ALT, ALP, total bile acids, and bilirubin where reduced diversity of the gut microbiota was also found. AIMD further aggravated cholestatic liver injury evidenced by significantly higher levels of plasma ALT and ALP, associated with further reduced diversity and increased Gram-negative bacteria in gut microbiota. Further analyses revealed increased levels of LPS in the plasma of AIMD-BDL mice where elevated expression of inflammatory genes and decreased expression of hepatic detoxification enzymes were also found in liver when compared to the BDL group. These findings indicate that gut microbiota plays a critical role in cholestatic liver injury. Maintaining its homeostasis may alleviate liver injury in patients with cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Zhou
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoxun Zhang
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Liangjun Zhang
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wen Qiu
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chunwei Song
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiying Cai
- The Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wensheng Chen
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-23-68765191; Fax: +86-23-65410853
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Papadopoulos C, Anagnostopoulos K, Tsiptsios D, Karatzetzou S, Liaptsi E, Lazaridou IZ, Kokkotis C, Makri E, Ioannidou M, Aggelousis N, Vadikolias K. Unexplored Roles of Erythrocytes in Atherothrombotic Stroke. Neurol Int 2023; 15:124-139. [PMID: 36810466 PMCID: PMC9944955 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke constitutes the second highest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide while also impacting the world economy, triggering substantial financial burden in national health systems. High levels of blood glucose, homocysteine, and cholesterol are causative factors for atherothrombosis. These molecules induce erythrocyte dysfunction, which can culminate in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, thrombus stabilization, and post-stroke hypoxia. Glucose, toxic lipids, and homocysteine result in erythrocyte oxidative stress. This leads to phosphatidylserine exposure, promoting phagocytosis. Phagocytosis by endothelial cells, intraplaque macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells contribute to the expansion of the atherosclerotic plaque. In addition, oxidative stress-induced erythrocytes and endothelial cell arginase upregulation limit the pool for nitric oxide synthesis, leading to endothelial activation. Increased arginase activity may also lead to the formation of polyamines, which limit the deformability of red blood cells, hence facilitating erythrophagocytosis. Erythrocytes can also participate in the activation of platelets through the release of ADP and ATP and the activation of death receptors and pro-thrombin. Damaged erythrocytes can also associate with neutrophil extracellular traps and subsequently activate T lymphocytes. In addition, reduced levels of CD47 protein in the surface of red blood cells can also lead to erythrophagocytosis and a reduced association with fibrinogen. In the ischemic tissue, impaired erythrocyte 2,3 biphosphoglycerate, because of obesity or aging, can also favor hypoxic brain inflammation, while the release of damage molecules can lead to further erythrocyte dysfunction and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Anagnostopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Stella Karatzetzou
- Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eirini Liaptsi
- Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Christos Kokkotis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
| | - Evangelia Makri
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
| | - Maria Ioannidou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Aggelousis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
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14
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Branton WG, Fernandes JP, Mohammadzadeh N, Doan MAL, Laman JD, Gelman BB, Fagrouch Z, Kondova I, Mooij P, Koopman G, Power C. Microbial molecule ingress promotes neuroinflammation and brain CCR5 expression in persons with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:110-123. [PMID: 36202168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation accompanies HIV-1 infection, resulting in microbial translocation from different tissues. We investigated interactions between lentivirus infections, neuroinflammation and microbial molecule presence in the brain. METHODS Brain tissues from adult humans with (n = 22) and without HIV-1 (n = 11) infection as well as adult nonhuman primates (NHPs) with (n = 11) and without (n = 4) SIVmac251 infection were investigated by RT-PCR/ddPCR, immunofluorescence and western blotting. Studies of viral infectivity, host immune gene expression and viability were performed in primary human neural cells. FINDINGS Among NHPs, SIV DNA quantitation in brain showed increased levels among animals with SIV encephalitis (n = 5) that was associated with bacterial genomic copy number as well as CCR5 and CASP1 expression in brain. Microbial DnaK and peptidoglycan were immunodetected in brains from uninfected and SIV-infected animals, chiefly in glial cells. Human microglia infected by HIV-1 showed increased p24 production after exposure to peptidoglycan that was associated CCR5 induction. HIV-1 Vpr application to human neurons followed by peptidoglycan exposure resulted in reduced mitochondrial function and diminished beta-III tubulin expression. In human brains, bacterial genome copies (250-550 copies/gm of tissue), were correlated with increased bacterial rRNA and GroEL transcript levels in patients with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Glial cells displayed microbial GroEL and peptidoglycan immunoreactivity accompanied by CCR5 induction in brains from patients with HAND. INTERPRETATION Increased microbial genomes and proteins were evident in brain tissues from lentivirus-infected humans and animals and associated with neurological disease. Microbial molecule translocation into the brain might exacerbate neuroinflammatory disease severity and represent a driver of lentivirus-associated brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Branton
- Departments of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jason P Fernandes
- Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Mathew A L Doan
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jon D Laman
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Benjamin B Gelman
- Departments of Pathology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Zahra Fagrouch
- Department of Virology and Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Ivanela Kondova
- Department of Virology and Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Petra Mooij
- Department of Virology and Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Koopman
- Department of Virology and Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Christopher Power
- Departments of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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15
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Gilbert BTP, Lamacchia C, Amend L, Strowig T, Rodriguez E, Palmer G, Finckh A. Brief report: Assessment of mucosal barrier integrity using serological biomarkers in preclinical stages of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117742. [PMID: 36875067 PMCID: PMC9977794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is believed to initiate at mucosal sites. The so-called 'mucosal origin hypothesis of RA' postulates an increased intestinal permeability before disease onset. Several biomarkers, including lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), have been proposed to reflect gut mucosa permeability and integrity, while serum calprotectin is a new inflammation marker proposed in RA. Methods We analyzed serum samples of individuals genetically at increased risk of RA in a nested-case-control study. Participants from a longitudinal cohort of first-degree relatives of RA patients (SCREEN-RA cohort) were divided into three pre-clinical stages of RA, based on the presence of risk factors for subsequent RA onset: 1) low-risk healthy asymptomatic controls; 2) intermediate-risk individuals without symptoms, but with RA-associated auto-immunity; 3) high-risk individuals with clinically suspect arthralgias. Five patients with newly diagnosed RA were also sampled. Serum LBP, I-FABP and calprotectin were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Results We included 180 individuals genetically at increased risk for RA: 84 asymptomatic controls, 53 individuals with RA-associated autoimmunity and 38 high risk individuals. Serum LBP, I-FAPB or calprotectin concentrations did not differ between individuals in different pre-clinical stages of RA. Conclusion Based on the serum biomarkers LBP, I-FABP and calprotectin, we could not detect any evidence for intestinal injury in pre-clinical stages of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Thomas P Gilbert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research (GCIR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Céline Lamacchia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research (GCIR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lena Amend
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Resolving Infection Susceptibility (RESIST) (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Emiliana Rodriguez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research (GCIR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gaby Palmer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research (GCIR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Axel Finckh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research (GCIR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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16
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Knepp B, Ander BP, Jickling GC, Hull H, Yee AH, Ng K, Rodriguez F, Carmona-Mora P, Amini H, Zhan X, Hakoupian M, Alomar N, Sharp FR, Stamova B. Gene expression changes implicate specific peripheral immune responses to Deep and Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhages in humans. Brain Hemorrhages 2022; 3:155-176. [PMID: 36936603 PMCID: PMC10019834 DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The peripheral immune system response to Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) may differ with ICH in different brain locations. Thus, we investigated peripheral blood mRNA expression of Deep ICH, Lobar ICH, and vascular risk factor-matched control subjects (n = 59). Deep ICH subjects usually had hypertension. Some Lobar ICH subjects had cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Genes and gene networks in Deep ICH and Lobar ICH were compared to controls. We found 774 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 2 co-expressed gene modules associated with Deep ICH, and 441 DEGs and 5 modules associated with Lobar ICH. Pathway enrichment showed some common immune/inflammatory responses between locations including Autophagy, T Cell Receptor, Inflammasome, and Neuroinflammation Signaling. Th2, Interferon, GP6, and BEX2 Signaling were unique to Deep ICH. Necroptosis Signaling, Protein Ubiquitination, Amyloid Processing, and various RNA Processing terms were unique to Lobar ICH. Finding amyloid processing pathways in blood of Lobar ICH patients suggests peripheral immune cells may participate in processes leading to perivascular/vascular amyloid in CAA vessels and/or are involved in its removal. This study identifies distinct peripheral blood transcriptome architectures in Deep and Lobar ICH, emphasizes the need for considering location in ICH studies/clinical trials, and presents potential location-specific treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodie Knepp
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Bradley P. Ander
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Glen C. Jickling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Heather Hull
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Alan H. Yee
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kwan Ng
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Paulina Carmona-Mora
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Hajar Amini
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marisa Hakoupian
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Noor Alomar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Frank R. Sharp
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Boryana Stamova
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Neurology, UC Davis School of Medicine, MIND Bioscience Labs Room 2415, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. (B. Stamova)
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17
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Huang W, Zhu L, Song W, Zhang M, Teng L, Wu M, Zhang F. Crosstalk between the Gut and Brain in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Options. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36267243 PMCID: PMC9578915 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6508046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a significant amount of interest in the past two decades in the study of the evolution of the gut microbiota, its internal and external impacts on the gut, and risk factors for cerebrovascular disorders such as cerebral ischemic stroke. The network of bidirectional communication between gut microorganisms and their host is known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). There is mounting evidence that maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis can frequently enhance the effectiveness of ischemic stroke treatment by modulating immune, metabolic, and inflammatory responses through MGBA. To effectively monitor and cure ischemic stroke, restoring a healthy microbial ecology in the gut may be a critical therapeutic focus. This review highlights mechanistic insights on the MGBA in disease pathophysiology. This review summarizes the role of MGBA signaling in the development of stroke risk factors such as aging, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis, as well as changes in the microbiota in experimental or clinical populations. In addition, this review also examines dietary changes, the administration of probiotics and prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation as treatment options for ischemic stroke as potential health benefits. It will become more apparent how the MGBA affects human health and disease with continuing advancements in this emerging field of biomedical sciences.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review explores mechanisms by which gut-derived bacteriallipopolysaccharide (LPS) and oxidized phospholipids contribute to chronic systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Gut-derived LPS enters through the small intestine via two distinct pathways that involve high density lipoproteins (HDL) and chylomicrons. Gut-derived LPS can bind to the LPS-binding protein (LBP) and to HDL 3 in the small intestine and travel through the portal vein to the liver where it does not elicit an inflammatory reaction, and is inactivated or it can bind to HDL 2 and travel through the portal vein to the liver where it elicits an inflammatory reaction. Alternatively, in the small intestine, LPS can bind to LBP and chylomicrons and travel through the lymphatics to the systemic circulation and enhance inflammatory processes including atherosclerosis. Oxidized phospholipids formed in the small intestine regulate the levels and uptake of LPS in small intestine by regulating antimicrobial proteins such as intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Gut-derived LPS and oxidized phospholipids may be responsible for the persistent inflammation seen in some persons with human immunodeficiency virus on potent antiretroviral therapy with undetectable virus levels. SUMMARY By targeting gut-derived oxidized phospholipids, the uptake of gut-derived LPS may be reduced to decrease systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles California, USA
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19
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Saito Y, Yamashita T, Yoshida N, Emoto T, Takeda S, Tabata T, Shinohara M, Kishino S, Sugiyama Y, Kitamura N, Yamamoto H, Takaya T, Ogawa J, Hirata K. Structural differences in bacterial lipopolysaccharides determine atherosclerotic plaque progression by regulating the accumulation of neutrophils. Atherosclerosis 2022; 358:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Xian M, Shen L, Zhan S, Chen S, Lin H, Cai J, Hu T, Wang S. Integrated 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics ascertained synergistic influences of the combination of acupuncture and NaoMaiTong on ischemic stroke. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 293:115281. [PMID: 35405257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acupuncture is an effective therapy for ischemic stroke, which has been widely used in China and gradually accepted in more countries and regions recently. In addition, Chinese medicine also plays an important role in stroke treatment, among which NaoMaiTong (NMT) is an example of an effective herbal formula for the treatment of stroke. A therapeutic strategy that combines acupuncture and medicine was widely used in stroke patients. However, the synergistic influences and mechanisms of combined acupuncture and medicine on ischemic stroke have not yet been entirely elucidated. AIM OF THIS STUDY The purpose of this study is to explore whether acupuncture and medicine combination treatments can produce synergism by using NMT, a clinically effective Chinese medicinal formula for the treatment of ischemic stroke for decades and has been demonstrated to be effective against ischemic brain injury, as a probe. Meanwhile, the potential mechanisms were investigated via cecal microbiome and plasma metabolomics to provide more strategies and basis for acupuncture-medicine combination for stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adopted middle-cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat models, the effect for the stroke of the combination treatment consisting of acupuncture and NMT was evaluated by detecting neurological issues, cerebral infarct dimensions, levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and oxidative stress factors (SOD, MDA) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Subsequently,16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomic analysis were utilized to explore the characteristics of cecal-contents microecology and plasma metabolic profile, respectively. Finally, the correlation between intestinal microecological characteristics and plasma metabolic characteristics was analyzed to explore the potential mechanism of the acupuncture-NMT combination. RESULTS The efficacy of acupuncture-NMT therapy was more effective than a single treatment on ischemic stroke, with more effectively reduced infarct sizes, improved neurobehavioral deficits, and alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Besides, the combination therapy not only adjusted gut microbiota disturbances by enriching species diversity, reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (such as Escherichia-Shaigella), as well as increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (such as Turicibacter, Bifidobacterium), but also improved metabolic disorders by reversing metabolite plasma levels to normality. The results of the correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between intestinal microbiota and plasma metabolic profile, especially the strong correlation of Turicibacter and isoflavones phyto-estrogens metabolites. CONCLUSION The combination of acupuncture and NMT could produce synergism, suggesting acupuncture-medicine combination therapy might be more conducive to the recovery of ischemic stroke. And the potential mechanism was probably related to the mediation of intestinal microecology and plasma metabolism. Turicibacter and isoflavones phyto-estrogens metabolites might be the targets for acupuncture-NMT combination for stroke. Our current findings could provide a potential therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Xian
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Sikai Zhan
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shaoru Chen
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huiting Lin
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiale Cai
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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21
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Zheng Q, Chen Y, Zhai Y, Meng L, Liu H, Tian H, Feng R, Wang J, Zhang R, Sun K, Gao L, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu E, Teng J, Ding X. Gut Dysbiosis Is Associated With the Severity of Cryptogenic Stroke and Enhanced Systemic Inflammatory Response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836820. [PMID: 35603160 PMCID: PMC9120915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies implicate that gut dysbiosis is related with many neurological diseases. However, the potential role of gut dysbiosis in cryptogenic stroke (CS) has not been elucidated yet. In this study, a high prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and gut inflammation with increased intestinal permeability have been found in CS patients compared with normal controls (NCs). The systemic inflammation in CS patients was also identified by measuring the levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), and white blood cells (WBC) count. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found increased alpha diversity, accompanied by a higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae at the family level and Escherichia–Shigella, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Klebsilla at the genus level in the intestinal microbiota of CS patients compared to NCs. Our results showed that the abundance of Klebsilla was positively correlated with the systemic inflammation, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, and the infarct volumes. In conclusion, gut dysbiosis in CS patients was associated with the severity of CS and the systemic inflammation. Maintaining the intestinal homeostasis may be a potential strategy for the treatment of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanping Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Renyi Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiuqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kedi Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, United States.,College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Junfang Teng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuebing Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhan X, Hakoupian M, Jin LW, Sharp FR. Lipopolysaccharide, Identified Using an Antibody and by PAS Staining, Is Associated With Corpora amylacea and White Matter Injury in Alzheimer's Disease and Aging Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:705594. [PMID: 34899263 PMCID: PMC8652352 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.705594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Corpora amylacea (CA) increase in number and size with aging. Their origins and functions remain unknown. Previously, we found that Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains have more CA in the periventricular white matter (PVWM) compared to aging controls. In addition, CA is associated with neurodegeneration as indicated by colocalization of degraded myelin basic protein (dMBP) with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), a CA marker. We also found that bacterial lipopolysaccharide is present in aging brains, with more LPS in AD compared with controls. Periodic acid-Schiff staining is used to identify CA by virtue of their high polysaccharide content. Despite the growing knowledge of CA as a contributor to AD pathology, the molecules that contribute to the polysaccharides in CA are not known. Notably, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are important cell-surface polysaccharides found in all Gram-negative bacteria. However, it is unknown whether PAS could detect LPS, whether the LPS found in aging brains contribute to the polysaccharide found in CA, and whether LPS associate with myelin injury. In this study, we found that aging brains had a myelin deficit zone (MDZ) adjacent to the ventricles in PVWM. The MDZ contained vesicles, most of which were CA. LPS and dMBP levels were higher in AD than in control brains. LPS was colocalized with dMBP in the vesicles/CA, linking white matter injury with a bacterial pro-inflammatory molecule. The vesicles also contained oxidized fibers, C-reactive protein, NG2, and GALC, markers of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocyte cells (OLs), respectively. The vesicles/CA were surrounded by dense astrocyte processes in control and AD brains. LPS was co-localized with CA by double staining of PAS with LPS in aging brains. The relationship of LPS with PAS staining was confirmed by PAS staining of purified LPS on nitrocellulose membranes. These findings reveal that LPS is one of the polysaccharides found in CA which can be stained with PAS. In addition, vesicles/CA are associated with oxidized and damaged myelin. The LPS in these vesicles/CA may have contributed to this oxidative myelin damage and may have contributed to oxidative stress to OPCs and OLs which could impair the ability to repair damaged myelin in AD and control brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Marisa Hakoupian
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Frank R Sharp
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
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23
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Shishkina GT, Gulyaeva NV, Lanshakov DA, Kalinina TS, Onufriev MV, Moiseeva YV, Sukhareva EV, Babenko VN, Dygalo NN. Identifying the Involvement of Pro-Inflammatory Signal in Hippocampal Gene Expression Changes after Experimental Ischemia: Transcriptome-Wide Analysis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1840. [PMID: 34944656 PMCID: PMC8698395 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute cerebral ischemia induces distant inflammation in the hippocampus; however, molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon remain obscure. Here, hippocampal gene expression profiles were compared in two experimental paradigms in rats: middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and intracerebral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The main finding is that 10 genes (Clec5a, CD14, Fgr, Hck, Anxa1, Lgals3, Irf1, Lbp, Ptx3, Serping1) may represent key molecular links underlying acute activation of immune cells in the hippocampus in response to experimental ischemia. Functional annotation clustering revealed that these genes built the same clusters related to innate immunity/immunity/innate immune response in all MCAO differentially expressed genes and responded to the direct pro-inflammatory stimulus group. The gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses also indicate that LPS-responding genes were the most abundant among the genes related to "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process", "cell adhesion", "TNF signaling pathway", and "phagosome" as compared with non-responding ones. In contrast, positive and negative "regulation of cell proliferation" and "HIF-1 signaling pathway" mostly enriched with genes that did not respond to LPS. These results contribute to understanding genomic mechanisms of the impact of immune/inflammatory activation on expression of hippocampal genes after focal brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina T. Shishkina
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.A.L.); (T.S.K.); (E.V.S.); (V.N.B.); (N.N.D.)
| | - Natalia V. Gulyaeva
- Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.G.); (M.V.O.); (Y.V.M.)
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy A. Lanshakov
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.A.L.); (T.S.K.); (E.V.S.); (V.N.B.); (N.N.D.)
| | - Tatyana S. Kalinina
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.A.L.); (T.S.K.); (E.V.S.); (V.N.B.); (N.N.D.)
| | - Mikhail V. Onufriev
- Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.G.); (M.V.O.); (Y.V.M.)
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, 115419 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V. Moiseeva
- Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.G.); (M.V.O.); (Y.V.M.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Sukhareva
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.A.L.); (T.S.K.); (E.V.S.); (V.N.B.); (N.N.D.)
| | - Vladimir N. Babenko
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.A.L.); (T.S.K.); (E.V.S.); (V.N.B.); (N.N.D.)
| | - Nikolay N. Dygalo
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.A.L.); (T.S.K.); (E.V.S.); (V.N.B.); (N.N.D.)
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