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Eisenbrand G, Buettner A, Diel P, Epe B, Först P, Grune T, Haller D, Heinz V, Hellwig M, Humpf HU, Jäger H, Kulling S, Lampen A, Leist M, Mally A, Marko D, Nöthlings U, Röhrdanz E, Spranger J, Steinberg P, Vieths S, Wätjen W, Hengstler JG. Commentary of the SKLM to the EFSA opinion on risk assessment of N-nitrosamines in food. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03726-1. [PMID: 38573336 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Dietary exposure to N-nitrosamines has recently been assessed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to result in margins of exposure that are conceived to indicate concern with respect to human health risk. However, evidence from more than half a century of international research shows that N-nitroso compounds (NOC) can also be formed endogenously. In this commentary of the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (DFG), the complex metabolic and physiological biokinetics network of nitrate, nitrite and reactive nitrogen species is discussed with emphasis on its influence on endogenous NOC formation. Pioneering approaches to monitor endogenous NOC have been based on steady-state levels of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in human blood and on DNA adduct levels in blood cells. Further NOC have not been considered yet to a comparable extent, although their generation from endogenous or exogenous precursors is to be expected. The evidence available to date indicates that endogenous NDMA exposure could exceed dietary exposure by about 2-3 orders of magnitude. These findings require consolidation by refined toxicokinetics and DNA adduct monitoring data to achieve a credible and comprehensive human health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 9, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudingerweg, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Petra Först
- Food Process Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Tillman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354, Freising, Germany
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- DIL German Institute of Food Technology, Professor-von-Klitzing-Strasse 7, 49610, Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Chair of Special Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Henry Jäger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Risk Assessment Strategies, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- Division for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Strasse 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38-40, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute for Nutrition Research and Food Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Fiedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Röhrdanz
- Unit Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pablo Steinberg
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-Und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | - Wim Wätjen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
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Perrar I, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. Cohort profile update-overview of over 35 years of research in the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:727-740. [PMID: 38151532 PMCID: PMC10948456 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an update on the cohort profile of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, including objectives, study design, methods and description of the comprehensive data pool, as well as to summarize the most important research findings of recent years. METHODS In 1985, the open (dynamic) cohort started to collect information on diet, growth, development, and metabolism of healthy children and adolescents in Dortmund, Germany. Detailed data are collected annually during infancy, childhood, and adolescence of the participants, including a 3-day weighed dietary record, a 24-h urine sample, anthropometric and medical examinations as well as interviews on lifestyle. RESULTS Even if the basic examination modules have not changed since the start over 35 years ago, the DONALD study has been continuously further developed by introducing new modules. As such, participants are also invited for follow-up examinations during adulthood since 2005, including an additional fasting blood withdrawal. Overall, 2375 (♂: 1177; ♀: 1198) participants were recruited in the DONALD study between 1985 and 2022. Data from ~ 30,700 anthropometric measurements, ~ 19,200 dietary records, ~ 10,600 24-h urine and ~ 1300 blood samples are available from an observation period of over 35 years. CONCLUSION The DONALD study provides a large data pool for longitudinal studies on nutrition, growth, and health in childhood and adolescence, its impact on the development of diseases in early adult life as well as dietary intake trends over more than three decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Paris JMG, Lima EMF, Finger JDAFF, Isidorio WR, Heinzel C, Falkenberg T, Borgemeister C, Pinto UM, Nöthlings U. Changes in eating habits and lifestyle during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic across metropolitan regions in Brazil and Germany: A survey-based cross-sectional study. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2783-2798. [PMID: 38628226 PMCID: PMC11016392 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 caused profound societal changes to cope rapidly with the new circumstances. The food market changed its quantity, quality, form, and frequency dynamics. Consequently, food-eating habits and lifestyles like physical exercise likely experienced changes. An online-based survey was conducted between June 2020 and January 2021 in the metropolitan regions of Rhine Ruhr Metropolis (RRM), Greater São Paulo (GSP), other metropolitan regions in São Paulo state (oMRSP), other Brazilian metropolitan regions (oBRMR), and the remaining urban areas in both countries (oUA), representing different contexts of Brazil and Germany. We assessed self-reported changes in physical activity level, diet quality, self-reported eating habits, and buying groceries during the first year of the pandemic. In Germany, indoor and outdoor activities increased for 34% of the respondents, while in Brazil, there was a decrease in physical activity for 50% of the participants. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scored higher among Brazilians (16.8) than Germans (15.2) on a 0-29 HEI scale. Increased awareness of healthy and sustainable eating habits was observed in GSP (0.7), oMRSP (0.63), oBRMR (0.7), and oUA (0.68) on a scale from no change (0) to change (1). In RRM, an increase in convenience foods was noticed (0.86). Participants reported discomfort with food purchasing due to hygiene measures and avoided going to the supermarket (0.7 on average in Brazil and 0.58 for females using the same 0-1 scale). Also, food supply at the grocery shops was reported to be often unavailable and in lower quantities. A real-time assessment of self-reported changes in eating habits and lifestyle during the lockdown in 2020 in different contexts is insightful for rethinking strategies to improve conditions in the post-COVID-19 era and prepare for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. G. Paris
- Center for Development Research (ZEF)University of BonnBonnNorth‐Rhine WestphaliaGermany
| | - Emília M. F. Lima
- Food Research Center (FoRC‐CEPID), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Jéssica de A. F. F. Finger
- Food Research Center (FoRC‐CEPID), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - William R. Isidorio
- Food Research Center (FoRC‐CEPID), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Christine Heinzel
- Department of GeographyLudwig‐Maximilians‐University of MunichMunichBavariaGermany
| | - Timo Falkenberg
- Institute for Hygiene and Public HealthUniversity Hospital BonnBonnNorth‐Rhine WestphaliaGermany
| | - Christian Borgemeister
- Center for Development Research (ZEF)University of BonnBonnNorth‐Rhine WestphaliaGermany
| | - Uelinton M. Pinto
- Food Research Center (FoRC‐CEPID), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL) Nutritional EpidemiologyUniversity of BonnBonnNorth‐Rhine WestphaliaGermany
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Hohoff E, Jankovic N, Perrar I, Schnermann M, Herder C, Nöthlings U, Libuda L, Alexy U. The association between dairy intake in adolescents on inflammation and risk markers of type 2 diabetes during young adulthood: results of the DONALD study. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e91. [PMID: 38477143 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this analysis was to investigate whether habitual intake of total dairy (TD) or different dairy types (liquid, solid, fermented, non-fermented, low-fat, high-fat, low-sugar and high-sugar dairy) during adolescence is associated with biomarkers of low-grade inflammation as well as risk factors of type 2 diabetes in young adulthood. DESIGN Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate prospective associations between estimated TD intake as well as intake of different types of dairy and a pro-inflammatory score, based on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-18, leptin and adiponectin, and insulin resistance assessed as Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance in an open-cohort study. SETTING Dortmund, Germany. PARTICIPANTS Data from participants (n 375) of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study were included, for whom at least two 3-d weighed dietary records during adolescence (median age: 11 years) and one blood sample in young adulthood (>18 years) were available. RESULTS There was no statistically significant association between TD intake or intake of any dairy type and the pro-inflammatory score (all P > 0·05). TD intake as well as each dairy type intake and insulin resistance also showed no association (all P > 0·05). CONCLUSIONS The habitual intake of dairy or individual types of dairy during adolescence does not seem to have a major impact on low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in the long term. There was no indication regarding a restriction of dairy intake for healthy children and adolescents in terms of diabetes risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hohoff
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nicole Jankovic
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ines Perrar
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maike Schnermann
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lars Libuda
- Department of Sports and Health - Institute of Nutrition, Consum and Health - Nutritional Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, Dortmund, Germany
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Franco LP, Derakhshandeh-Rishehri SM, Hua Y, Nöthlings U, Wudy SA, Remer T. Phosphorus Intake and Potential Dietary Influences Examined via 24-Hour Urinary Biomarker Measurements in German Children and Adolescents Over 3 Decades. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024:S2212-2672(24)00083-2. [PMID: 38360183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increases in phosphorus intake have been observed over the past years in adult populations. However, biomarker-based data are lacking on whether or not phosphorus intake also increased in children. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine 24-hour urinary phosphate excretion (PO4-Ex) and diet-related biomarkers potentially influencing phosphorus status in German children and adolescents from 1985 to 2015. DESIGN This longitudinal noninvasive biomarker-based cohort study examined 24-hour urine samples from children and adolescents of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, collected over 3 decades. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Examined individuals (n = 1,057) were healthy participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, situated in Dortmund, Germany, who had been asked to collect one yearly 24-hour urine sample. Six thousand seven hundred thirty-seven samples collected from participants aged 3 to 17 years between 1985 (baseline) and 2015, were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES phosphorus intake was examined biomarker-based by analyzed PO4-Ex in 24-hour urine samples. Whether acid-base status and intakes of protein, salt, and fruits and vegetables, may have relevantly contributed to PO4-Ex levels was assessed by determining 24-hour excretions of net acid, urea-nitrogen, and sodium as well as specific standardized excretions of potassium plus oxalate. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Trend analysis over 30 years and potentially influencing diet factors were examined using linear mixed-effect regression models (PROC-MIXED). Adjustments for sex, age, and body surface area were performed. RESULTS No change was identifiable for PO4-Ex over the 3 decades; neither in 3 to 8, 9 to 13, nor in 14 to 17 year olds. However, sodium excretion increased (P = .001). PROC-MIXED analysis on intraindividual changes in PO4-Ex revealed direct relationships with net acid excretion, urea-nitrogen, and sodium excretion and an inverse relationship with a biomarker of fruit and vegetable intake. CONCLUSIONS Despite a direct relationship between PO4-Ex and a biomarker of industrially processed food consumption; that is, sodium excretion, which showed an increasing time trend, phosphorus intake was found to remain stable over decades in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Peixoto Franco
- DONALD Study Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Yifan Hua
- DONALD Study Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Remer
- DONALD Study Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany.
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Schnermann ME, Nöthlings U, Alexy U. Empirically derived portion sizes from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study for 4- to 18-year-old children and adolescents to simplify analysis of dietary data using FFQ. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e49. [PMID: 38258517 PMCID: PMC10882525 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002400017x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To apply FFQ, knowledge about portion sizes is relevant. According to increased energy and nutrient requirements, average portion sizes of foods are supposed to increase during growth. We provide empirically derived portion sizes for 4- to 18-year-olds in different age groups to facilitate analyses of FFQ data in children and adolescents. DESIGN Using data from the dynamic DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed cohort study, quantile regression for smoothing percentiles was used to derive portion sizes as a function of age from which age- and food group-specific portion sizes were calculated as median food group intake (g). SETTING Dortmund, Germany. PARTICIPANTS Data from 3-day weighed dietary records (WDR) of 1,325 participants (♀: 653) were analysed. Participants provided in total 9,828 WDR (on average 7·5 per participant) between 1985 and 2022. WDR were grouped into five age groups, whereby each age group covered 3 years of age. RESULTS In total, 11 955 food items were reported and categorised into sixteen major food groups with seventy-one sub-groups. Portion sizes tended to increase with age, except for milk- and plant-based alternatives. Comparing 4- to 6-year-olds to 16- to 18-year-olds, portion size increased between 22·2 % (processed meat: 18 g v. 22 g) and 173·3 % (savoury snacks: 15 g v. 41 g). CONCLUSION We provide empirically derived portion sizes for children and adolescents. These data are useful to establish dietary assessment methods based on estimates of portion sizes, such as FFQ, for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Elena Schnermann
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115Bonn, Germany
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Klemm J, Perrar I, Borgemeister C, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. Place of Residence Is Associated with Dietary Intake and BMI-SDS in Children and Adolescents: Findings from the DONALD Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 21:46. [PMID: 38248511 PMCID: PMC10815849 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to determine whether place of residence in the German urban food environment is associated with habitual dietary intake (energy, macronutrients, and food groups) and body mass index (standard deviation score of BMI and BMI-SDS). Our hypothesis was that place of residence may explain some variation in dietary intake and nutritional outcomes. For the cross-sectional analyses of DONALD study data, we grouped participants according to their geocoded residence in the north or south of Dortmund. We applied robust multi-level mixed effects regression models using residence as a predictor and (1) BMI-SDS or (2) dietary data (daily intake of energy (kcal), macronutrients (energy percentage), or food groups (g/1000 kcal)) as the outcome. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and household socio-economic status. An analysis was carried out on 1267 anthropometric measurements collected annually from 360 participants aged 6-18 years (935 3-day weighed dietary records from 292 participants) between 2014 and 2019. In the fully adjusted models, residence in the south was associated with a lower BMI-SDS (β = -0.42, p = 0.02), lower intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (β = -47.00, p = 0.04), and higher intake of vegetables (β = 11.13, p = 0.04). Findings suggest that the place of residence, beyond individuals' socio-economic statuses, may be a contributing factor to dietary quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janosch Klemm
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (I.P.); (U.A.); (U.N.)
| | - Christian Borgemeister
- Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (I.P.); (U.A.); (U.N.)
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (I.P.); (U.A.); (U.N.)
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Schwedhelm C, Nimptsch K, Ahrens W, Hasselhorn HM, Jöckel KH, Katzke V, Kluttig A, Linkohr B, Mikolajczyk R, Nöthlings U, Perrar I, Peters A, Schmidt CO, Schmidt B, Schulze MB, Stang A, Zeeb H, Pischon T. Chronic disease outcome metadata from German observational studies - public availability and FAIR principles. Sci Data 2023; 10:868. [PMID: 38052810 PMCID: PMC10698176 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metadata from epidemiological studies, including chronic disease outcome metadata (CDOM), are important to be findable to allow interpretability and reusability. We propose a comprehensive metadata schema and used it to assess public availability and findability of CDOM from German population-based observational studies participating in the consortium National Research Data Infrastructure for Personal Health Data (NFDI4Health). Additionally, principal investigators from the included studies completed a checklist evaluating consistency with FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability) within their studies. Overall, six of sixteen studies had complete publicly available CDOM. The most frequent CDOM source was scientific publications and the most frequently missing metadata were availability of codes of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Principal investigators' main perceived barriers for consistency with FAIR principles were limited human and financial resources. Our results reveal that CDOM from German population-based studies have incomplete availability and limited findability. There is a need to make CDOM publicly available in searchable platforms or metadata catalogues to improve their FAIRness, which requires human and financial resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Schwedhelm
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, 13125, Germany.
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, 13125, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, 28359, Germany
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28334, Germany
| | - Hans Martin Hasselhorn
- Department of Occupational Health Science, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06112, Germany
| | - Birgit Linkohr
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics, and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06112, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), partner site Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Medical Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17489, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, 14558, Germany
| | - Andreas Stang
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Hajo Zeeb
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, 28359, Germany
- Faculty 11 - Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, 13125, Germany
- Biobank Technology Platform, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, 13125, Germany
- Core Facility Biobank, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13125, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
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9
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Schulz CA, Weinhold L, Schmid M, Nöthen MM, Nöthlings U. Association between urinary iodine excretion, genetic disposition and fluid intelligence in children, adolescents and young adults: the DONALD study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2375-2385. [PMID: 37103611 PMCID: PMC10421824 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iodine deficiency increases the risk of cognitive impairment and delayed physical development in children. It is also associated with cognitive impairment in adults. Cognitive abilities are among the most inheritable behavioural traits. However, little is known about the consequences of insufficient postnatal iodine intake and whether the individual genetic disposition modifies the association between iodine intake and fluid intelligence in children and young adults. METHODS The cultural fair intelligence test was used to assess fluid intelligence in the participants of the DONALD study (n = 238; mean age, 16.5 [SD = 7.7] years). Urinary iodine excretion, a surrogate iodine intake marker, was measured in 24-h urine. Individual genetic disposition (n = 162) was assessed using a polygenic score, associated with general cognitive function. Linear regression analyses were conducted to determine whether Urinary iodine excretion was associated with fluid intelligence and whether this association was modified by individual genetic disposition. RESULTS Urinary iodine excretion above the age-specific estimated average requirement was associated with a five-point higher fluid intelligence score than that below the estimated average requirement (P = 0.02). The polygenic score was positively associated with the fluid intelligence score (β = 2.3; P = 0.03). Participants with a higher polygenic score had a higher fluid intelligence score. CONCLUSION Urinary iodine excretion above the estimated average requirement in childhood and adolescence is beneficial for fluid intelligence. In adults, fluid intelligence was positively associated with a polygenic score for general cognitive function. No evidence showed that the individual genetic disposition modifies the association between Urinary iodine excretion and fluid intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Oluwagbemigun K, Anesi A, Vrhovsek U, Mattivi F, Martino Adami P, Pentzek M, Scherer M, Riedel-Heller SG, Weyerer S, Bickel H, Wiese B, Schmid M, Cryan JF, Ramirez A, Wagner M, Nöthlings U. An Investigation into the Relationship of Circulating Gut Microbiome Molecules and Inflammatory Markers with the Risk of Incident Dementia in Later Life. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03513-6. [PMID: 37605096 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome may be involved in the occurrence of dementia primarily through the molecular mechanisms of producing bioactive molecules and promoting inflammation. Epidemiological evidence linking gut microbiome molecules and inflammatory markers to dementia risk has been mixed, and the intricate interplay between these groups of biomarkers suggests that their joint investigation in the context of dementia is warranted. We aimed to simultaneously investigate the association of circulating levels of selected gut microbiome molecules and inflammatory markers with dementia risk. This case-cohort epidemiological study included 805 individuals (83 years, 66% women) free of dementia at baseline. Plasma levels of 19 selected gut microbiome molecules comprising lipopolysaccharide, short-chain fatty acids, and indole-containing tryptophan metabolites as well as four inflammatory markers measured at baseline were linked to incident all-cause (ACD) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) in binary outcomes and time-to-dementia analyses. Independent of several covariates, seven gut microbiome molecules, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, indole-3-acryloylglycine, indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-acetic acid methyl ester, isobutyric acid, and 2-methylbutyric acid, but no inflammatory markers discriminated incident dementia cases from non-cases. Furthermore, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (hazard ratio: 0.58; 0.36-0.94, P = 0.025) was associated with time-to-ACD. These molecules underpin gut microbiome-host interactions in the development of dementia and they may be crucial in its prevention and intervention strategies. Future larger epidemiological studies are needed to confirm our findings, specifically in exploring the repeatedly measured circulating levels of these molecules and investigating their causal relationship with dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Andrea Anesi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pamela Martino Adami
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Pentzek
- Institute of General Practice, University Hospital Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, 20246, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weyerer
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Bickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, T12 XF62, Ireland
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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11
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Muli S, Brachem C, Alexy U, Schmid M, Oluwagbemigun K, Nöthlings U. Exploring the association of physical activity with the plasma and urine metabolome in adolescents and young adults. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 37020289 PMCID: PMC10074825 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00742-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity elicits many health benefits. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms through which physical activity influences overall health are less understood. Untargeted metabolomics enables system-wide mapping of molecular perturbations which may lend insights into physiological responses to regular physical activity. In this study, we investigated the associations of habitual physical activity with plasma and urine metabolome in adolescents and young adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included participants from the DONALD (DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) study with plasma samples n = 365 (median age: 18.4 (18.1, 25.0) years, 58% females) and 24 h urine samples n = 215 (median age: 18.1 (17.1, 18.2) years, 51% females). Habitual physical activity was assessed using a validated Adolescent Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire. Plasma and urine metabolite concentrations were determined using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) methods. In a sex-stratified analysis, we conducted principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of metabolite data and to create metabolite patterns. Multivariable linear regression models were then applied to assess the associations between self-reported physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-hours per week) with single metabolites and metabolite patterns, adjusted for potential confounders and controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) at 5% for each set of regressions. RESULTS Habitual physical activity was positively associated with the "lipid, amino acids and xenometabolite" pattern in the plasma samples of male participants only (β = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04, p = 0.001, adjusted p = 0.042). In both sexes, no association of physical activity with single metabolites in plasma and urine and metabolite patterns in urine was found (all adjusted p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our explorative study suggests that habitual physical activity is associated with alterations of a group of metabolites reflected in the plasma metabolite pattern in males. These perturbations may lend insights into some of underlying mechanisms that modulate effects of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Muli
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch- Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Christian Brachem
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch- Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch- Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch- Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch- Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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12
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Guth S, Baum M, Cartus AT, Diel P, Engel KH, Engeli B, Epe B, Grune T, Haller D, Heinz V, Hellwig M, Hengstler JG, Henle T, Humpf HU, Jäger H, Joost HG, Kulling SE, Lachenmeier DW, Lampen A, Leist M, Mally A, Marko D, Nöthlings U, Röhrdanz E, Roth A, Spranger J, Stadler R, Steinberg P, Vieths S, Wätjen W, Eisenbrand G. Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of acrylamide: Arguments for the derivation of a tolerable daily intake (TDI value). Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113632. [PMID: 36708862 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This opinion of the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) presents arguments for an updated risk assessment of diet-related exposure to acrylamide (AA), based on a critical review of scientific evidence relevant to low dose exposure. The SKLM arrives at the conclusion that as long as an appropriate exposure limit for AA is not exceeded, genotoxic effects resulting in carcinogenicity are unlikely to occur. Based on the totality of the evidence, the SKLM considers it scientifically justified to derive a tolerable daily intake (TDI) as a health-based guidance value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Guth
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Matthias Baum
- Solenis Germany Industries GmbH, Fütingsweg 20, 47805 Krefeld, Germany.
| | | | - Patrick Diel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Karl-Heinz Engel
- Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Barbara Engeli
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO), Risk Assessment Division, Schwarzenburgstrasse 155, 3003, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Dirk Haller
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL), Prof.-von-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610, Quakenbrück, Germany.
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Thomas Henle
- Department of Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Dirk W Lachenmeier
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Karlsruhe, Weißenburger Str. 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated By the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Box 657, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Elke Röhrdanz
- Unit Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Angelika Roth
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Richard Stadler
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research Centre, Route du Jorat 57, 1000, Lausanne, 26, Switzerland.
| | - Pablo Steinberg
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany.
| | - Wim Wätjen
- Institut für Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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13
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Schulz CA, Weinhold L, Schmid M, Nöthen MM, Nöthlings U. Analysis of associations between dietary patterns, genetic disposition, and cognitive function in data from UK Biobank. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:511-521. [PMID: 36152054 PMCID: PMC9899759 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research suggests that diet influences cognitive function and the risk for neurodegenerative disease. The present study aimed to determine whether a recently developed diet score, based on recommendations for dietary priorities for cardio metabolic health, was associated with fluid intelligence, and whether these associations were modified by individual genetic disposition. METHODS This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. Analyses were performed using self-report data on diet and the results for the verbal-numerical reasoning test of fluid intelligence of 104,895 individuals (46% male: mean age at recruitment 57.1 years (range 40-70)). For each participant, a diet score and a polygenic score (PGS) were constructed, which evaluated predefined cut-offs for the intake of fruit, vegetables, fish, processed meat, unprocessed meat, whole grain, and refined grain, and ranged from 0 (unfavorable) to 7 (favorable). To investigate whether the diet score was associated with fluid intelligence, and whether the association was modified by PGS, linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS The average diet score was 3.9 (SD 1.4). After adjustment for selected confounders, a positive association was found between baseline fluid intelligence and PGS (P < 0.001). No association was found between baseline fluid intelligence and diet score (P = 0.601), even after stratification for PGS, or in participants with longitudinal data available (n = 9,482). CONCLUSION In this middle-aged cohort, no evidence was found for an association between the investigated diet score and either baseline or longitudinal fluid intelligence. However, as in previous reports, fluid intelligence was strongly associated with a PGS for general cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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14
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Goletzke J, Weber KS, Kössler T, Zaharia OP, Bódis K, Müssig K, Szendroedi J, Burkart V, Stutz B, Nöthlings U, Buyken AE, Roden M. Relative validity of a glycemic index extended food-frequency questionnaire. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2310-2320. [PMID: 35973887 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are increasingly recognized as important for the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus. To extend the portfolio of assessment methods for large-scale epidemiological studies, we propose a GI-specific addition to an already established FFQ. METHODS AND RESULTS The German version of the EPIC-FFQ was extended by GI-specific questions for major carbohydrate sources varying notably in GI (breakfast cereals, bread, pasta, rice, potato etc.). We performed relative validation analyses comparing the GI-extended FFQ to three to four 3-day weighted dietary records (3-d WDR) in 100 middle-aged individuals with diabetes mellitus participating in the German Diabetes Study (GDS). Level of agreement between the two methods was assessed by correlation and cross-classification analyses as well as Bland-Altman-Plots, conducted separately for women and men. Spearman correlation analysis for female participants suggested good agreement between the GI-extended FFQ and 3-d WDRs for energy adjusted dietary GL (r = 0.52, p = 0.0004). For both women and men, agreement with the estimations of dietary GI, GL (for men) and carbohydrates from low and higher-GI food sources from the GI-extended FFQ was acceptable (r: 0.28-0.45). Classification of the dietary GI and GL in the opposite quartile was <10% comparing the GI-extended FFQ and 3-d WDR. Bland-Altman plots suggested a tendency for an overestimation of the dietary GI from the GI-extended FFQ in the lower GI-ranges, particularly for men. CONCLUSION Compared to the 3-d WDR, the GI-extended FFQ showed a moderate to good relative validity for parameters of carbohydrate quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Goletzke
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Katharina S Weber
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Kössler
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oana-Patricia Zaharia
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kálmán Bódis
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Diabetology, Niels Stensen Hospitals, Franziskus Hospital Harderberg, Georgsmarienhütte, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Chemistry at Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Stutz
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anette E Buyken
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Paris JMG, Falkenberg T, Nöthlings U, Heinzel C, Borgemeister C, Escobar N. Corrigendum to "Changing dietary patterns is necessary to improve the sustainability of Western diets from a One Health perspective" [Sci. Total Environ. 811 (2022)/151437]. Sci Total Environ 2022; 840:156616. [PMID: 35717811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Timo Falkenberg
- Centre for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany; Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL) - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Heinzel
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Borgemeister
- Centre for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Neus Escobar
- Biodiversity and Natural Resources (BNR) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
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16
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Goerdten J, Yuan L, Huybrechts I, Neveu V, Nöthlings U, Ahrens W, Scalbert A, Floegel A. Reproducibility of the Blood and Urine Exposome: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1683-1692. [PMID: 35732488 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous metabolite concentrations may be susceptible to variation over time. This variability can lead to misclassification of exposure levels and in turn to biased results. To assess the reproducibility of metabolites, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is computed. A literature search in three databases from 2000 to May 2021 was conducted to identify studies reporting ICCs for blood and urine metabolites. This review includes 192 studies, of which 31 studies are included in the meta-analyses. The ICCs of 359 single metabolites are reported, and the ICCs of 10 metabolites were meta-analyzed. The reproducibility of the single metabolites ranges from poor to excellent and is highly compound-dependent. The reproducibility of bisphenol A (BPA), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), methylparaben, and propylparaben is poor to moderate (ICC median: 0.32; range: 0.15-0.49), and for 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], it is excellent (ICC: 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99). Pharmacokinetics, mainly the half-life of elimination and exposure patterns, can explain reproducibility. This review describes the reproducibility of the blood and urine exposome, provides a vast dataset of ICC estimates, and hence constitutes a valuable resource for future reproducibility and clinical epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantje Goerdten
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Li Yuan
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Vanessa Neveu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms - University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Anna Floegel
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Section of Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Hochschule Neubrandenburg - University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany
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17
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Brachem C, Oluwagbemigun K, Langenau J, Weinhold L, Alexy U, Schmid M, Nöthlings U. Exploring the association between habitual food intake and the urine and blood metabolome in adolescents and young adults: a cohort study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200023. [PMID: 35785518 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Habitual diet may be reflected in metabolite profiles that can improve accurate assessment of dietary exposure and further enhance our understanding of their link to health conditions. We aimed to explore the relationship of habitual food intake with blood and urine metabolites in adolescents and young adults. METHODS The study population comprised 228 participants (94 male and 134 female) of the DONALD study. Dietary intake was assessed by yearly repeated 3d-food records. Habitual diet was estimated as the average consumption of 23 food groups in adolescence. Using an untargeted metabolomics approach, we quantified 2638 metabolites in plasma and 1407 metabolites in urine. In each sex, we determined unique diet-metabolite associations using orthogonal projection to latent structures (oPLS) and random forests (RF). RESULTS We observed 6 metabolites in agreement between oPLS and RF in urine, 1 in females (vanillylmandelate to processed/ other meat) and 5 in males (indole-3-acetamide, and N6-methyladenosine to eggs; hippurate, citraconate/glutaconate, and X - 12111 to vegetables). We observed no association in blood in agreement. CONCLUSION We observed a limited reflection of habitual food group intake by single metabolites in urine and not in blood. The explored biomarkers should be confirmed in additional studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brachem
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Langenau
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany
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18
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Montejano Vallejo R, Schulz CA, van de Locht K, Oluwagbemigun K, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. Associations of Adherence to a Dietary Index Based on the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet with Nutritional, Anthropometric, and Ecological Sustainability Parameters: Results from the German DONALD Cohort Study. J Nutr 2022; 152:1763-1772. [PMID: 35554563 PMCID: PMC9258554 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Validation of the EAT-Lancet reference diet (ELR-diet), recently proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission, within the context of real-life studies is necessary to elucidate its feasibility, nutritional value, sustainability, and health effects. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop a dietary index (DI) score to measure adherence to the ELR-diet. We further aimed to study the association between the DI score and 1) nutritional characteristics, 2) indicators of ecological sustainability, and 3) anthropometric markers and biomarkers for cardiometabolic health. METHODS A DI score was constructed by comparing the categories defined by the ELR-diet with the dietary data of 2-5 sets of 3-d weighed dietary records from DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinal Designed) study participants (n = 298; ≥15 y of age). Prospective associations between the DI score and risk markers (anthropometric and cardiometabolic) in young adulthood (≥18 y old) were investigated using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS Adherence to the DI score components was considerable (majority > 50%), but varied within the population (2%-100%). The highest tertile of the DI score was inversely associated with the intake of protein (tertile 3 compared with tertile 1: 13.5 compared with 14.5 energy %), added sugars (10.5 compared with 12.4 energy %), and cholesterol (100 compared with 116 mg/1000 kcal), but positively associated with fiber intake (10.0 compared with 8.82 g/1000 kcal) (all P < 0.05). The DI score was inversely associated with greenhouse-gas emissions (tertile 1 compared with tertile 3: 6.48 compared with 5.85 kg of carbon dioxide equivalents/2500 kcal; P < 0.001) and land use (8.24 compared with 7.16 m2 × y/2500 kcal; P < 0.001). Inverse associations between the DI score and anthropometric markers during young adulthood were observed (e.g., BMI: tertile 1 compared with tertile 3: 22.9 compared with 21.9 kg/m2; P = 0.03) (all P < 0.05). No associations between the DI score and cardiometabolic risk markers were found (all P ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the ELR-diet was associated with favorable nutritional characteristics and reduced environmental impact. Adherence to the DI score in adolescence was also beneficial with respect to anthropometric markers in early adulthood, although not for further cardiometabolic risk markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Montejano Vallejo
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Karen van de Locht
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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19
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Eisenbrand G, Baum M, Cartus AT, Diel P, Engel KH, Engeli B, Epe B, Grune T, Guth S, Haller D, Heinz V, Hellwig M, Hengstler JG, Henle T, Humpf HU, Jäger H, Joost HG, Kulling S, Lachenmeier DW, Lampen A, Leist M, Mally A, Marko D, Nöthlings U, Röhrdanz E, Roth A, Spranger J, Stadler R, Vieths S, Wätjen W, Steinberg P. Salivary nitrate/nitrite and acetaldehyde in humans: potential combination effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract and possible consequences for the in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds-a hypothesis. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1905-1914. [PMID: 35504979 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Subsequent to the dietary uptake of nitrate/nitrite in combination with acetaldehyde/ethanol, combination effects resulting from the sustained endogenous exposure to nitrite and acetaldehyde may be expected. This may imply locoregional effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract as well as systemic effects, such as a potential influence on endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC). Salivary concentrations of the individual components nitrate and nitrite and acetaldehyde are known to rise after ingestion, absorption and systemic distribution, thereby reflecting their respective plasma kinetics and parallel secretion through the salivary glands as well as the microbial/enzymatic metabolism in the oral cavity. Salivary excretion may also occur with certain drug molecules and food constituents and their metabolites. Therefore, putative combination effects in the oral cavity and the upper digestive tract may occur, but this has remained largely unexplored up to now. In this Guest Editorial, published evidence on exposure levels and biokinetics of nitrate/nitrite/NOx, NOC and acetaldehyde in the organism is reviewed and knowledge gaps concerning combination effects are identified. Research is suggested to be initiated to study the related unresolved issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Baum
- Solenis Germany Industries GmbH, Fütingsweg 20, 47805, Krefeld, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Diel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Engel
- Chair of General Food Technology, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Barbara Engeli
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO), Schwarzenburgstrasse 155, 3003, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sabine Guth
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- ZIEL, Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany.,Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL), Prof.-von-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610, Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technical University of Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr. 20, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Department of Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sabine Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Max Rubner-Institut, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dirk W Lachenmeier
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Karlsruhe, Weißenburger Straße 3, 76187, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Risk Assessment Strategies, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Box 657, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Röhrdanz
- Unit Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Angelika Roth
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Stadler
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytic Sciences, Nestlé Research Centre, Route du Jorat 57, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | - Wim Wätjen
- Institut für Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Pablo Steinberg
- Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Max Rubner-Institut, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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20
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Oluwagbemigun K, Schnermann ME, Schmid M, Cryan JF, Nöthlings U. A prospective investigation into the association between the gut microbiome composition and cognitive performance among healthy young adults. Gut Pathog 2022; 14:15. [PMID: 35440044 PMCID: PMC9019932 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-022-00487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is emerging evidence that the gut microbiome composition is associated with several human health outcomes, which include cognitive performance. However, only a few prospective epidemiological studies exist and none among young adults. Here we address the gap in the literature by investigating whether the gut microbiome composition is prospectively linked to fluid intelligence among healthy young adults. Methods Forty individuals (65% females, 26 years) from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study provided a fecal sample for gut microbiome composition and subsequently (average of 166 days) completed a cognitive functioning test using the Cattell’s Culture Fair Intelligence Test, revised German version (CFT 20-R). The assessment of the gut microbiome at the genera level was by 16S rRNA V3-V4 Illumina sequencing. The relative abundance of 158 genera was summarized into bacterial communities using a novel data-driven dimension reduction, amalgamation. The fluid intelligence score was regressed on the relative abundance of the bacterial communities and adjusted for selected covariates. Results The 158 genera were amalgamated into 12 amalgams (bacterial communities), which were composed of 18, 6, 10, 14, 8, 10, 16, 13, 12, 12, 3, and 11 genera. Only the 14-genera bacterial community, named the “Ruminococcaceae- and Coriobacteriaceae-dominant community” was positively associated with fluid intelligence score (β = 7.8; 95% CI: 0.62, 15.65, P = 0.04). Conclusion Among healthy young adults, the abundance of a gut bacterial community was associated with fluid intelligence score. This study suggests that cognitive performance may potentially benefit from gut microbiome-based intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Maike E Schnermann
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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21
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Paris JMG, Falkenberg T, Nöthlings U, Heinzel C, Borgemeister C, Escobar N. Changing dietary patterns is necessary to improve the sustainability of Western diets from a One Health perspective. Sci Total Environ 2022; 811:151437. [PMID: 34748829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Western diets are associated with multiple environmental impacts and risks to human health. European countries are gradually taking action towards the Farm to Fork Strategy, embracing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) perspective to promote the sustainability of food production and consumption. Although LCA enables the comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts, diet-related human health and animal welfare impacts are often underrepresented. This study proposes integrating additional indicators into LCA to evaluate the sustainability of diets under the One Health (OH) approach, which holistically considers interlinked complex health issues between humans, animals and the environment. Human health loss is estimated according to risk factors for non-communicable diseases; while animal welfare is measured as animal life years suffered, loss of animal lives and loss of morally-adjusted animal lives. The extended LCA framework is applied to men and women's reference diets in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW); compared to three optimized dietary scenarios under nutritional constraints: 1) the national dietary guidelines, 2) a vegan diet (VD) and 3) a Mediterranean diet (MD). Men's reference diet causes greater impacts than women's across OH dimensions due to the higher food consumption, especially of ready-to-eat meals, sausages, meat, and sweetened and alcoholic beverages. Both reference diets are associated with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke and neoplasms. Besides meat, consumption of honey, fish and seafood has the greatest impact on animal welfare, because of the high number of individuals involved. Alternative diets improve the sustainability of food consumption in NRW, although trade-offs arise: MD worsens animal suffering due to the higher fish intake; water use increases in both VD and MD due the higher intake of nuts and vegetables. Results highlight the importance of including animal welfare and human health indicators in LCA to better elucidate the potential impacts of diets characterized by the high intake of animal products, from a OH perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timo Falkenberg
- Centre for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany; Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences (IEL) - Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Heinzel
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Borgemeister
- Centre for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Neus Escobar
- Biodiversity and Natural Resources (BNR) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
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22
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Yuan L, Muli S, Huybrechts I, Nöthlings U, Ahrens W, Scalbert A, Floegel A. Assessment of Fruit and Vegetables Intake with Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents and Their Level of Validation: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:126. [PMID: 35208201 PMCID: PMC8876138 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit and vegetables (FV) are part of a healthy diet and should be frequently consumed already at a young age. However, intake of FV is difficult to assess in children and adolescents due to various misreporting aspects. Thus, measurement of dietary biomarkers may be a promising alternative to assess FV intake more objectively at young age. To date, dietary biomarkers have been primarily studied in adults, and research focused on their usefulness in children is scarce. However, clinical studies have revealed important differences between children and adults, most importantly in their gut microbiome composition, resulting in differences in postprandial metabolism, as well as in food choices and meal compositions that may influence individual biomarker levels. Therefore, the present review aimed to identify biomarkers of FV intake (BFVI) currently available in children and adolescents and to explore whether there are any differences in the BFVI profile above between children and adolescents and adults. In addition, the current level of validation of BFVI in children and adolescents was examined. In total, 28 studies were eligible for this review, and 18 compounds were identified as potential biomarkers for FV intake in children and adolescents. Carotenoid concentration in skin was a valuable biomarker for total FV intake for both children and adult populations. Common BFVI in blood in adults (e.g., carotenoids and vitamin C) showed inconsistent results in children and adolescents. Biomarkers particularly useful in children included urinary hippuric acid as a biomarker of polyphenolic compound intake originating from FV and the combination of N-methylnicotinic acid and acetylornithine as a biomarker of bean intake. Further studies are needed to assess their kinetics, dose-response, and other validation aspects. There is limited evidence so far regarding valid BFVI in children and adolescents. Thus, to put BFVI into practice in children and adolescents, further studies, particularly based on metabolomics, are needed to identify and validate BFVI that can be used in future epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (W.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Samuel Muli
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.); (U.N.)
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France; (I.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.); (U.N.)
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (W.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France; (I.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Floegel
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (W.A.); (A.F.)
- Section of Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Hochschule Neubrandenburg—University of Applied Sciences, 17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany
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23
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Schnermann ME, Schulz CA, Ludwig C, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. A lifestyle score in childhood and adolescence was positively associated with subsequently measured fluid intelligence in the DONALD cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3719-3729. [PMID: 35704086 PMCID: PMC9464141 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lifestyle scores which combine single factors such as diet, activity, or sleep duration showed associations with cognitive decline in adults. However, the role of a favourable lifestyle in younger age and the build-up of cognitive reserve is less clear, which is why we investigated longitudinal associations between a lifestyle score in childhood and adolescence and fluid intelligence obtained on average 6 years later. METHODS In the DONALD cohort, a lifestyle score of 0 to 4 points including healthy diet and duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep was repeatedly assessed in participants aged 5 and 19 years. Data on fluid intelligence were assessed via a German version of the culture fair intelligence test (CFT), using CFT 1-R in children 8.5 years of age or younger (n = 62) or CFT 20-R in participants older than 8.5 years (n = 192). Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate prospective associations between the lifestyle score and the fluid intelligence score. RESULTS Mean lifestyle score of all participants was 2.2 (0.7-4) points. A one-point increase in the lifestyle score was associated with a higher fluid intelligence score (4.8 points [0.3-7.3], p = 0.0343) for participants completing the CFT 20-R. Furthermore, each additional hour of sedentary behaviour was associated with a lower fluid intelligence score (- 3.0 points [- 5.7 to - 0.3], p = 0.0313). For younger participants (CFT 1-R), no association was found in any analysis (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION A healthy lifestyle was positively associated with fluid intelligence, whereby sedentary behaviour itself seemed to play a prominent role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Elena Schnermann
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Ludwig
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Koch SAJ, Conrad J, Cade JE, Weinhold L, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. Validation of the web-based self-administered 24-h dietary recall myfood24-Germany: comparison with a weighed dietary record and biomarkers. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4069-4082. [PMID: 33974128 PMCID: PMC8437850 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to validate myfood24-Germany, a web-based 24-h dietary recall (24HDR), by comparing its performance with a weighed dietary record (WDR) and biomarkers. METHODS 97 adults (77% female) completed a 3-day WDR with a 24-h urine collection on day 3, followed by at least one 24HDR with myfood24-Germany (corresponding to day 3 of the WDR). Intake of energy and 32 nutrients assessed by myfood24-Germany and the WDR for the same day were compared (method comparison). Intakes of protein and potassium assessed by myfood24-Germany/WDR were compared with intake estimated from urinary biomarkers for protein and potassium (biomarker comparison). RESULTS In the method comparison, significant correlations were found for energy and all tested nutrients (range 0.45-0.87). There was no significant difference between both methods in the assessed mean energy and macronutrient intake. However, myfood24-Germany underestimated mean intake of 15 nutrients. In the biomarker comparison, protein intake reported by myfood24-Germany/WDR was on average 10%/8% lower than estimated by biomarker. There was no significant difference in mean potassium intake assessed by myfood24-Germany/WDR and biomarker. However, a shared bias in the assessment of potassium intake was observed for both instruments. Concordance correlation coefficients (pc) and weighted Kappa coefficients (κ) confirmed good agreement with the biomarker estimates for myfood24-Germany/WDR in case of protein (pc = 0.58/0.66, κ = 0.51/0.53) and moderate agreement in case of potassium (pc = 0.44/0.51; κ = 0.30/0.33). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that myfood24-Germany is of comparable validity to traditional dietary assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A J Koch
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Johanna Conrad
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Science Department, German Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany
| | - Janet E Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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25
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Oluwagbemigun K, Anesi A, Clarke G, Schmid M, Mattivi F, Nöthlings U. An Investigation into the Temporal Reproducibility of Tryptophan Metabolite Networks Among Healthy Adolescents. Int J Tryptophan Res 2021; 14:11786469211041376. [PMID: 34594109 PMCID: PMC8477685 DOI: 10.1177/11786469211041376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan and its bioactive metabolites are associated with health conditions such as systemic inflammation, cardiometabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. There are dynamic interactions among metabolites of tryptophan. The interactions between metabolites, particularly those that are strong and temporally reproducible could be of pathophysiological relevance. Using a targeted metabolomics approach, the concentration levels of tryptophan and 18 of its metabolites across multiple pathways was quantified in 24-hours urine samples at 2 time-points, age 17 years (baseline) and 18 years (follow-up) from 132 (52% female) apparently healthy adolescent participants of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study. In sex-specific analyses, we applied 2 network approaches, the Gaussian graphical model and Bayesian network to (1) explore the network structure for both time-points, (2) retrieve strongly related metabolites, and (3) determine whether the strongly related metabolites were temporally reproducible. Independent of selected covariates, the 2 network approaches revealed 5 associations that were strong and temporally reproducible. These were novel relationships, between kynurenic acid and indole-3-acetic acid in females and between kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid in males, as well as known relationships between kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine, and between 3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in females and between tryptophan and kynurenine in males. Overall, this epidemiological study using network-based approaches shed new light into tryptophan metabolism, particularly the interaction of host and microbial metabolites. The 5 observed relationships suggested the existence of a temporally stable pattern of tryptophan and 6 metabolites in healthy adolescent, which could be further investigated in search of fingerprints of specific physiological states. The metabolites in these relationships may represent a multi-biomarker panel that could be informative for health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Anesi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology – CIBIO, University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Germany
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26
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Pinart M, Nimptsch K, Forslund SK, Schlicht K, Gueimonde M, Brigidi P, Turroni S, Ahrens W, Hebestreit A, Wolters M, Dötsch A, Nöthlings U, Oluwagbemigun K, Cuadrat RRC, Schulze MB, Standl M, Schloter M, De Angelis M, Iozzo P, Guzzardi MA, Vlaemynck G, Penders J, Jonkers DMAE, Stemmer M, Chiesa G, Cavalieri D, De Filippo C, Ercolini D, De Filippis F, Ribet D, Achamrah N, Tavolacci MP, Déchelotte P, Bouwman J, Laudes M, Pischon T. Identification and Characterization of Human Observational Studies in Nutritional Epidemiology on Gut Microbiomics for Joint Data Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093292. [PMID: 34579168 PMCID: PMC8466729 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In any research field, data access and data integration are major challenges that even large, well-established consortia face. Although data sharing initiatives are increasing, joint data analyses on nutrition and microbiomics in health and disease are still scarce. We aimed to identify observational studies with data on nutrition and gut microbiome composition from the Intestinal Microbiomics (INTIMIC) Knowledge Platform following the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles. An adapted template from the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) consortium was used to collect microbiome-specific information and other related factors. In total, 23 studies (17 longitudinal and 6 cross-sectional) were identified from Italy (7), Germany (6), Netherlands (3), Spain (2), Belgium (1), and France (1) or multiple countries (3). Of these, 21 studies collected information on both dietary intake (24 h dietary recall, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), or Food Records) and gut microbiome. All studies collected stool samples. The most often used sequencing platform was Illumina MiSeq, and the preferred hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were V3–V4 or V4. The combination of datasets will allow for sufficiently powered investigations to increase the knowledge and understanding of the relationship between food and gut microbiome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Pinart
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-9046-4573
| | - Sofia K. Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Host-Microbiome Factors in Cardiovascular Disease Lab, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Schlicht
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, IPLA-CSIC, 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain;
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (W.A.); (A.H.); (M.W.)
- Institute of Statistics, Bremen University, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (W.A.); (A.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Maike Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (W.A.); (A.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Andreas Dötsch
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI)-Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (U.N.); (K.O.)
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (U.N.); (K.O.)
| | - Rafael R. C. Cuadrat
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (R.R.C.C.); (M.B.S.)
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (R.R.C.C.); (M.B.S.)
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Potsdam, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.I.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Maria Angela Guzzardi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.I.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Geertrui Vlaemynck
- Department Technology and Food, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 9090 Melle, Belgium;
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Maya Stemmer
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 653, Israel;
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Duccio Cavalieri
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Carlotta De Filippo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.E.); (F.D.F.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca De Filippis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (D.E.); (F.D.F.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - David Ribet
- INSERM UMR 1073 “Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunctions”, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76000 Rouen, France; (D.R.); (N.A.); (M.-P.T.); (P.D.)
| | - Najate Achamrah
- INSERM UMR 1073 “Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunctions”, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76000 Rouen, France; (D.R.); (N.A.); (M.-P.T.); (P.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, CHU Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Tavolacci
- INSERM UMR 1073 “Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunctions”, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76000 Rouen, France; (D.R.); (N.A.); (M.-P.T.); (P.D.)
- INSERM CIC-CRB 1404, CHU Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- INSERM UMR 1073 “Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunctions”, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76000 Rouen, France; (D.R.); (N.A.); (M.-P.T.); (P.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, CHU Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Microbiology and Systems Biology Group, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands;
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (T.P.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Biobank Technology Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Biobank Core Facility, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Perrar I, Buyken AE, Penczynski KJ, Remer T, Kuhnle GG, Herder C, Roden M, Della Corte K, Nöthlings U, Alexy U. Relevance of fructose intake in adolescence for fatty liver indices in young adulthood. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3029-3041. [PMID: 33464363 PMCID: PMC8354997 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association between fructose intake in adolescence and fatty liver indices (hepatic steatosis index (HSI), fatty liver index (FLI)) in young adulthood. METHODS Overall, 246 participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study who had a fasting blood sample in adulthood (18-36 years), at least two 3-day weighed dietary records for calculating fructose intakes and other fructose-containing sugars (total (TS), free (FS), added sugar (AS)) as well as two complete 24-h urine samples for calculating sugar excretion (fructose excretion (FE), fructose + sucrose excretion (FE + SE)) in adolescence (males: 9.5-16.5 years; females: 8.5-15.5 years) were analysed using multivariable linear regression analyses. RESULTS On the level of dietary intake, no prospective associations were observed between adolescent fructose intake and both adult fatty liver indices, whereas higher FS intakes were associated with lower levels of HSI (Ptrend = 0.02) and FLI (Ptrend = 0.03). On the urinary excretion level, however, a higher FE (Ptrend = 0.03) and FE + SE (Ptrend = 0.01) in adolescence were prospectively related to higher adult FLI values. No associations were observed between adolescent sugar excretion and adult HSI. CONCLUSION The present study does not provide unambiguous support for a detrimental impact of adolescent fructose intake on adult liver health. Nonetheless, further examinations estimating exposure by means of urinary excretion as well as dietary intake levels appear warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences , Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anette E. Buyken
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Katharina J. Penczynski
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences , Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Remer
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences , Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gunter G. Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6UR UK
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karen Della Corte
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences , Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19 B, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences , Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, DONALD Study, Heinstück 11, 44225 Dortmund, Germany
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28
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Pinart M, Jeran S, Boeing H, Stelmach-Mardas M, Standl M, Schulz H, Harris C, von Berg A, Herberth G, Koletzko S, Linseisen J, Breuninger TA, Nöthlings U, Barbaresko J, Benda S, Lachat C, Yang C, Gasparini P, Robino A, Rojo-Martínez G, Castaño L, Guillaume M, Donneau AF, Hoge A, Gillain N, Avraam D, Burton PR, Bouwman J, Pischon T, Nimptsch K. Dietary Macronutrient Composition in Relation to Circulating HDL and Non-HDL Cholesterol: A Federated Individual-Level Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from Adolescents and Adults in 8 European Studies. J Nutr 2021; 151:2317-2329. [PMID: 33847346 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between increased dietary fat and decreased carbohydrate intake with circulating HDL and non-HDL cholesterol have not been conclusively determined. OBJECTIVE We assessed these relations in 8 European observational human studies participating in the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) using harmonized data. METHODS Dietary macronutrient intake was recorded using study-specific dietary assessment tools. Main outcome measures were lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations: HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) and non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL). A cross-sectional analysis on 5919 participants (54% female) aged 13-80 y was undertaken using the statistical platform DataSHIELD that allows remote/federated nondisclosive analysis of individual-level data. Generalized linear models (GLM) were fitted to assess associations between replacing 5% of energy from carbohydrates with equivalent energy from total fats, SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with circulating HDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol. GLM were adjusted for study source, age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake and BMI. RESULTS The replacement of 5% of energy from carbohydrates with total fats or MUFAs was statistically significantly associated with 0.67 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.40, 0.94) or 0.99 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.37, 1.60) higher HDL cholesterol, respectively, but not with non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. The replacement of 5% of energy from carbohydrates with SFAs or PUFAs was not associated with HDL cholesterol, but SFAs were statistically significantly associated with 1.94 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.08, 3.79) higher non-HDL cholesterol, and PUFAs with -3.91 mg/dL (95% CI: -6.98, -0.84) lower non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. A statistically significant interaction by sex for the association of replacing carbohydrates with MUFAs and non-HDL cholesterol was observed, showing a statistically significant inverse association in males and no statistically significant association in females. We observed no statistically significant interaction by age. CONCLUSIONS The replacement of dietary carbohydrates with fats had favorable effects on lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in European adolescents and adults when fats were consumed as MUFAs or PUFAs but not as SFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Pinart
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Jeran
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Marta Stelmach-Mardas
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marie Standl
- Helmholtz Centre Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Helmholtz Centre Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Harris
- Helmholtz Centre Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany.,Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Institute, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sybille Koletzko
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU - Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Helmholtz Centre Munich, Clinical Epidemiology, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany.,Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Medical Faculty, Chair of Epidemiology at University Center for Health Sciences at the Klinikum Augsburg (UNIKA-T), Ausburg, Germany
| | | | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Janett Barbaresko
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Benda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health-Mother and Child Referral Hospital and Research Institute (IRCCS) "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-Mother and Child Referral Hospital and Research Institute (IRCCS) "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Management Unit (CMU) Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Luís Castaño
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), BioCruces-University Hospital Cruces-The University of the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea/Spanish: Universidad del País Vasco [UPV/EHU]), Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Axelle Hoge
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Gillain
- Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Burton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Research group Microbiology and Systems Biology, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC)/Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Biobank, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
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Schäfer A, Gazan R, Boeing H, Breidenassel C, Haurogne T, Nöthlings U, Richter M, Vieux F, Watzl B. Deriving Sustainable Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for Germany via Multidimensional Optimization: Insights to Operationalise the Diet-Health Dimension. Curr Dev Nutr 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab048_016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Development of a diet optimization methodology, forming the next generation of food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) in Germany, to identify dietary changes accounting for various dimensions: diet-health relations, environmental impact, and nutrient needs while staying culturally acceptable.
Methods
Three parameters define the German Nutrition Optimization Model (GNOM): The decision variables, which are observed food intakes (FoodEx2 food grouping); acceptability constraints (acceptability upper limits (AL) are set for foods based on P95), and the linear objective function. The latter consists of three components that are weighted between each other and minimizes environmental impact (greenhouse-gas emissions and land use), diet-related health burden (disability adjusted life years), and relative deviation from the observed dietary intake (cultural acceptability). Also, deviations from nutritional needs for 39 nutrients are minimized. Five models were run on the adult population by increasing weight on diet-health and decreasing weight on cultural acceptability progressively (by steps of 20%, from 0% in model 1 (M1) to 80% in model 5 (M5)), with a fixed environmental weight at 20%. Dietary changes are exemplary described for fruits, vegetables, whole grains and red meat.
Results
All models satisfied nutrient needs and, compared to the observed diet, increased in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and decreased in red meat; dietary changes were higher with increasing weight on diet-health. Compared to the observed intake (174,4g/d), fruits increased moderately in M1–3 (205,7g/d - 338,8g/d) and reached the AL of 552g/d in M4 and M5. Vegetables reached the AL of 267g/d in every model (observed intake: 96,3g/d) except M1 (261,5g/d). Whole grains increased progressively from 13g/d in observed intake to 16,3g/d and 16,7g/d in M1 and M2, 61,9g and 67,9g in M3 and M4 and increased strongly to 250,7g/d in M5. The observed amount of red meat was 34,4g/d, which dropped from 2,5g/d in M1 to 0g/d in M5.
Conclusions
This methodology accounts for multidimensional requirements in FBDGs and is flexible regarding the importance given to each dimension. Preliminary results suggest that using this innovative approach to operationalize diet-health relations, GNOM is able to help derive German FBDG.
Funding Sources
German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schäfer
- German Nutrition Society; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology (closed), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany; German Nutrition Society
| | | | | | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Germany; German Nutrition Society
| | | | | | - Bernhard Watzl
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut; German Nutrition Society
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30
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Schulz CA, Weinhold L, Schmid M, Nöthlings U, Nöthen MM. Dietary Patterns, Genetic Predisposition, and Cognitive Function in the UK Biobank. Curr Dev Nutr 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab053_083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Elucidating the role of dietary intake in cognitive function, and neurodegenerative disease development is important for prevention. The Mediterranean diet has shown to be beneficial for cognitive function and prevention of neurodegenerative disease. Yet, evidence for other dietary patterns are inconclusive. Since heritability of cognitive functions is substantial, a beneficial diet might mitigate genetic disposition. Therefore, we investigate if dietary patterns are associated with general cognitive function, considering individual genetic disposition. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource.
Methods
At baseline, participants reported the frequency of consumption of main foods via a dietary touchscreen questionnaire and filled in a verbal-numerical reasoning (VNR) test, which measures fluid intelligence. A diet score including 7 components: vegetables, fruit, fish, processed meat, unprocessed meat, whole grain, and refined grain was constructed. Participants were categorized into a low (0–1), intermediate (2–5), and high (6–7) diet score. A polygenic score (PGS), previously associated in GWAS with general cognitive function, was constructed. Participants were categorized into low (Quintile 1), intermediate (Q 2–4), and high (Q 5) PGS group. Linear regression was used to test whether the diet score associates with fluid intelligence, and to test if genetic predisposition modifies the association.
Results
The mean diet score of the 104,898 participants (46% male, mean age 57.1 (SD 8.0) years) was 3.9 (SD 1.4) points. In the VNR-test on average 6.1 (SD 2.1) questions were answered correctly. After multivariate adjustment a positive association between fluid intelligence and the PGS (P < 0.001), but no association between fluid intelligence and the diet score (P = 0.703) was observed. When stratified according to PGS groups, similar results were observed for the association between fluid intelligence and the diet score.
Conclusions
No evidence was found that the investigated diet score was associated with fluid intelligence. As previously reported, genetic disposition was strongly associated with cognitive performance.
Funding Sources
This work was partly supported by Diet–Body–Brain (DietBB), the Competence Cluster in Nutrition Research funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ: 01EA1410A).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Germany; German Nutrition Society
| | - Marcus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn
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31
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Guth S, Hüser S, Roth A, Degen G, Diel P, Edlund K, Eisenbrand G, Engel KH, Epe B, Grune T, Heinz V, Henle T, Humpf HU, Jäger H, Joost HG, Kulling SE, Lampen A, Mally A, Marchan R, Marko D, Mühle E, Nitsche MA, Röhrdanz E, Stadler R, van Thriel C, Vieths S, Vogel RF, Wascher E, Watzl C, Nöthlings U, Hengstler JG. Contribution to the ongoing discussion on fluoride toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2571-2587. [PMID: 34095968 PMCID: PMC8241794 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the addition of fluoride to drinking water in the 1940s, there have been frequent and sometimes heated discussions regarding its benefits and risks. In a recently published review, we addressed the question if current exposure levels in Europe represent a risk to human health. This review was discussed in an editorial asking why we did not calculate benchmark doses (BMD) of fluoride neurotoxicity for humans. Here, we address the question, why it is problematic to calculate BMDs based on the currently available data. Briefly, the conclusions of the available studies are not homogeneous, reporting negative as well as positive results; moreover, the positive studies lack control of confounding factors such as the influence of well-known neurotoxicants. We also discuss the limitations of several further epidemiological studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria of our review. Finally, it is important to not only focus on epidemiological studies. Rather, risk analysis should consider all available data, including epidemiological, animal, as well as in vitro studies. Despite remaining uncertainties, the totality of evidence does not support the notion that fluoride should be considered a human developmental neurotoxicant at current exposure levels in European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Guth
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hüser
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Angelika Roth
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gisela Degen
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karolina Edlund
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Engel
- Department of General Food Technology, School of Life Sciences, TU Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL), Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Department of Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department of Food Safety, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Marchan
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Mühle
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Elke Röhrdanz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Richard Stadler
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytic Sciences, Nestlé Research Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christoph van Thriel
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Rudi F Vogel
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Mikrobiologie, TU Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Edmund Wascher
- Department of Ergonomics, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Watzl
- Department of Immunology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.
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Ratjen I, Enderle J, Burmeister G, Koch M, Nöthlings U, Hampe J, Lieb W. Post-diagnostic reliance on plant-compared with animal-based foods and all-cause mortality in omnivorous long-term colorectal cancer survivors. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:441-449. [PMID: 33964858 PMCID: PMC8326049 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-rich diets are associated with lower cardiometabolic risks and longer survival in the general population, but their association with mortality in cancer survivors is still unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations of 3 postdiagnostic plant-based diet indices with all-cause mortality in omnivorous long-term colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. METHODS Diet was assessed with FFQs at a median of 6 years after diagnosis in 1404 CRC survivors (56% male; median age, 69 years) in a Northern German prospective cohort study. An overall, a healthful plant-based, and an unhealthful plant-based diet index were derived by scoring intakes of animal foods reversely and intakes of healthy (whole grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, oils, tea/coffee) and less healthy plant foods (refined grains, fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, potatoes, sweets/desserts) positively or reversely, depending on the index. Vital status follow-up was conducted via population registries. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to estimate HRs for all-cause mortality according to plant-based diet adherence. RESULTS Within 7 years (median) after diet assessment, 204 deaths occurred. The overall plant-based diet index displayed a significant, inverse association with all-cause mortality (HR per 10-point increase in diet index, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57-0.91). Although not statistically significant, higher healthful plant-based diet scores showed a strong tendency towards lower mortality (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.67-1.01). The unhealthful plant-based diet index was associated with higher mortality, but lost statistical significance after multivariable adjustment (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.96-1.48). A subgroup analysis revealed that the tendency towards a positive association of the unhealthful plant-based diet with mortality was restricted to less physically active individuals (<95 metabolic equivalent of task hours/week). CONCLUSIONS An overall plant-based diet was inversely associated with all-cause mortality in long-term CRC survivors. However, more research is needed to further disentangle the impacts of different qualities of plant-based diets on cancer survivors' health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janna Enderle
- Institute of Epidemiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Greta Burmeister
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Abstract
Background and Purpose It used to be a common practice in the field of nutritional epidemiology to analyze separate nutrients, foods, or food groups. However, in reality, nutrients and foods are consumed in combination. The introduction of dietary patterns (DP) and their analysis has revolutionized this field, making it possible to take into account the synergistic effects of foods and to account for the complex interaction among nutrients and foods. Three approaches of DP analysis exist: (1) the hypothesis-based approach (based on prior knowledge regarding the current understanding of dietary components and their health relation), (2) the exploratory approach (solely relying on dietary intake data), and (3) the hybrid approach (a combination of both approaches). During the recent past, complementary approaches for DP analysis have emerged both conceptually and methodologically. Method We have summarized the recent developments that include incorporating the Treelet transformation method as a complementary exploratory approach in a narrative review. Results Uses, peculiarities, strengths, limitations, and scope of recent developments in DP analysis are outlined. Next, the narrative review gives an overview of the literature that takes into account potential relevant dietary-related factors, specifically the metabolome and the gut microbiome in DP analysis. Then the review deals with the aspect of data processing that is needed prior to DP analysis, particularly when dietary data arise from assessment methods other than the long-established food frequency questionnaire. Lastly, potential opportunities for upcoming DP analysis are summarized in the outlook.
Conclusion Biological factors like the metabolome and the microbiome are crucial to understand diet-disease relationships. Therefore, the inclusion of these factors in DP analysis might provide deeper insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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34
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Oluwagbemigun K, O'Donovan AN, Berding K, Lyons K, Alexy U, Schmid M, Clarke G, Stanton C, Cryan J, Nöthlings U. Long-term dietary intake from infancy to late adolescence is associated with gut microbiota composition in young adulthood. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:647-656. [PMID: 33471048 PMCID: PMC7948843 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota composition as influenced by long-term diet may be associated with the risk of adult chronic diseases. Thus, establishing the relation of long-term diet, particularly starting from early life, with adult microbiota composition would be an important research advance. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association of long-term intake of energy, carbohydrate, fiber, protein, and fat from infancy to late adolescence with microbiota composition in adulthood. METHODS Within the prospective DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study, we sampled stool 1 or 2 times within 1 y from 128 adults (median age: 29 y). Microbiota composition was profiled by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Annual dietary records from age 1 to 18 y were retrieved. We estimated trajectories of energy, energy-adjusted carbohydrate, fiber, protein, and fat intake with multilevel models, producing predicted intake at age 1 y and rates of change in intake. A multivariate, zero-inflated, logistic-normal model was used to model the association between intake trajectories and the composition of 158 genera in single-sampled individuals. Associations found in this model were confirmed in double-sampled individuals using a zero-inflated Beta regression model. RESULTS Adjusting for covariates and temporal differences in microbiota composition, long-term carbohydrate intake was associated with 3 genera. Specifically, carbohydrate intake at age 1 y was negatively associated with Phascolarctobacterium [coefficient = -4.31; false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P = 0.006] and positively associated with Dialister (coefficient = 3.06; FDR-adjusted P = 0.003), and the rate of change in carbohydrate intake was positively associated with Desulfovibrio (coefficient = 13.16; FDR-adjusted P = 0.00039). Energy and other macronutrients were not associated with any genus. CONCLUSIONS This work links long-term carbohydrate intake to microbiota composition. Considering the associations of high carbohydrate intake and microbiota composition with some diseases, these findings could inform the development of gut microbiota-targeted dietary recommendations for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aoife N O'Donovan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kirsten Berding
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katriona Lyons
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Ute Alexy
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - John Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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35
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Tavares JF, Landstra EN, Brunner J, Boenniger MM, Lohner V, Conrad J, Nöthlings U, Breteler MMB. Associations between dietary spermidine intake, cognition and brain volumes. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia Brunner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Meta M Boenniger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Valerie Lohner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | | | | | - Monique MB Breteler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine University of Bonn Bonn Germany
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36
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Brachem C, Langenau J, Weinhold L, Schmid M, Nöthlings U, Oluwagbemigun K. Associations of BMI and Body Fat with Urine Metabolome in Adolescents Are Sex-Specific: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10080330. [PMID: 32823620 PMCID: PMC7463425 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10080330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies examining the relationship between body composition and the urine metabolome may improve our understanding of the role of metabolic dysregulation in body composition-related health conditions. Previous studies, mostly in adult populations, have focused on a single measure of body composition, body mass index (BMI), and sex-specific associations are rarely explored. We investigate sex-specific associations of two measures of body composition—BMI and body fat (BF)—with the urine metabolome in adolescents. In 369 participants (age 16–18, 49% female) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, we examined sex-specific associations of these two measures of body composition, BMI and BF, and 1407 (467 unknown) 24 h urine metabolites analyzed by untargeted metabolomics cross-sectionally. Missing metabolites were imputed. We related metabolites (dependent variable) to BMI and BF (independent variable) separately using linear regression. The models were additionally adjusted for covariates. We found 10 metabolites associated with both BMI and BF. We additionally found 11 metabolites associated with only BF, and nine with only BMI. None of these associations was in females. We observed a strong sexual dimorphism in the relationship between body composition and the urine metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brachem
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-228-73-3989
| | - Julia Langenau
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
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37
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Barbaresko J, Lellmann AW, Schmidt A, Lehmann A, Amini AM, Egert S, Schlesinger S, Nöthlings U. Dietary Factors and Neurodegenerative Disorders: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Studies. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1161-1173. [PMID: 32427314 PMCID: PMC7490166 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet has been hypothesized to be associated with neurodegenerative disorders. The aim was to conduct an umbrella review to summarize and evaluate the current evidence of prospective associations between any dietary factors and the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders. We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library up to November 2019 to identify systematic reviews with meta-analyses of prospective studies investigating the association between dietary factors (dietary patterns, foods and beverages, nutrients, and phytochemicals) and neurodegenerative disorders (cognitive decline, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, all-cause dementia, and Parkinson disease). Summary risk ratios (SRRs) and 95% CIs were recalculated using a random effects model. We evaluated the risk of bias of identified meta-analyses and the quality of evidence for all associations. In total, 20 meta-analyses including 98 SRRs were identified. All original meta-analyses were rated as being at high risk of bias. Methodological concerns related mainly to the inappropriate synthesis, assessment, and discussion of the risk of bias of primary studies. For the recalculated meta-analyses, quality of evidence was moderate for inverse associations between higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (SRR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.82; n = 4 primary studies) and higher fish intake (SRR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.89; n = 6) and Alzheimer disease, as well as for tea consumption and all-cause dementia (SRR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.88; n = 2) and Parkinson disease (SRR per 2 cups/d: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.87; n = 5). This umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview of the available evidence on dietary factors and neurodegenerative disorders. The results indicate that the Mediterranean diet, fish, and tea could be inversely associated with neurodegenerative disorders. However, the quality of evidence was generally low, suggesting that further studies are likely to change the overall estimates. Thus, more well-conducted research, also investigating other dietary factors in association with neurodegenerative disorders, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janett Barbaresko
- German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Address correspondence to JB (e-mail: )
| | - Arno Werner Lellmann
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Egert
- German Nutrition Society, Bonn, Germany,Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Guth S, Hüser S, Roth A, Degen G, Diel P, Edlund K, Eisenbrand G, Engel KH, Epe B, Grune T, Heinz V, Henle T, Humpf HU, Jäger H, Joost HG, Kulling SE, Lampen A, Mally A, Marchan R, Marko D, Mühle E, Nitsche MA, Röhrdanz E, Stadler R, van Thriel C, Vieths S, Vogel RF, Wascher E, Watzl C, Nöthlings U, Hengstler JG. Toxicity of fluoride: critical evaluation of evidence for human developmental neurotoxicity in epidemiological studies, animal experiments and in vitro analyses. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1375-1415. [PMID: 32382957 PMCID: PMC7261729 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently, epidemiological studies have suggested that fluoride is a human developmental neurotoxicant that reduces measures of intelligence in children, placing it into the same category as toxic metals (lead, methylmercury, arsenic) and polychlorinated biphenyls. If true, this assessment would be highly relevant considering the widespread fluoridation of drinking water and the worldwide use of fluoride in oral hygiene products such as toothpaste. To gain a deeper understanding of these assertions, we reviewed the levels of human exposure, as well as results from animal experiments, particularly focusing on developmental toxicity, and the molecular mechanisms by which fluoride can cause adverse effects. Moreover, in vitro studies investigating fluoride in neuronal cells and precursor/stem cells were analyzed, and 23 epidemiological studies published since 2012 were considered. The results show that the margin of exposure (MoE) between no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) in animal studies and the current adequate intake (AI) of fluoride (50 µg/kg b.w./day) in humans ranges between 50 and 210, depending on the specific animal experiment used as reference. Even for unusually high fluoride exposure levels, an MoE of at least ten was obtained. Furthermore, concentrations of fluoride in human plasma are much lower than fluoride concentrations, causing effects in cell cultures. In contrast, 21 of 23 recent epidemiological studies report an association between high fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence. The discrepancy between experimental and epidemiological evidence may be reconciled with deficiencies inherent in most of these epidemiological studies on a putative association between fluoride and intelligence, especially with respect to adequate consideration of potential confounding factors, e.g., socioeconomic status, residence, breast feeding, low birth weight, maternal intelligence, and exposure to other neurotoxic chemicals. In conclusion, based on the totality of currently available scientific evidence, the present review does not support the presumption that fluoride should be assessed as a human developmental neurotoxicant at the current exposure levels in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Guth
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hüser
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Angelika Roth
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gisela Degen
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karolina Edlund
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Engel
- Department of General Food Technology, School of Life Sciences, TU Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL), Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Department of Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department of Food Safety, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Mally
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Marchan
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Mühle
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Elke Röhrdanz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Richard Stadler
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytic Sciences, Nestlé Research Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christoph van Thriel
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Rudi F Vogel
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Mikrobiologie, TU Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Edmund Wascher
- Department of Ergonomics, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Watzl
- Department of Immunology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.
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Schlesinger S, Neuenschwander M, Ballon A, Nöthlings U, Barbaresko J. Adherence to healthy lifestyles and incidence of diabetes and mortality among individuals with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:481-487. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2019-213415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionLifestyle factors in combination have been hypothesised to be associated with the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and mortality among individuals with T2D. The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the association between lifestyle indices and incident T2D as well as mortality in individuals with T2D.MethodsPubMed and Web of Science were searched up to September 2019. We included prospective cohort studies investigating at least three lifestyle factors in association with T2D, or all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes. We conducted pairwise and dose-response meta-analyses to calculate summary relative risks (SRR) by using random effects model.ResultsIn total, 19 studies were included. Adhering to a healthy lifestyle (mostly favourable diet, physical activity, non-smoking, moderate alcohol intake and normal weight) was associated with a reduced SRR of 78% for T2D (SRR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.32; n=14) and 57% for mortality (SRR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.58; n=5) compared with low adherence to a healthy lifestyle. In dose-response analyses, the adherence to every additional healthy lifestyle factor was associated with a reduced relative risk of 32% (95% CI: 28% to 36%) for T2D and 21% (95% CI: 15% to 26%) for mortality.ConclusionsOur findings underline the importance of the joint adherence to healthy lifestyle factors to prevent T2D and improve survival among individuals with diabetes. Adherence to every additional health lifestyle factor play a role in the T2D prevention and progression.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091409.
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Jennings A, Koch M, Jensen MK, Bang C, Kassubek J, Müller HP, Nöthlings U, Franke A, Lieb W, Cassidy A. The role of the gut microbiome in the association between habitual anthocyanin intake and visceral abdominal fat in population-level analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:340-350. [PMID: 31826255 PMCID: PMC6997102 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoid intake modifies the composition of the gut microbiome, which contributes to the metabolism of flavonoids. Few studies have examined the contribution of the gut microbiome to the health benefits associated with flavonoid intake. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine associations between habitual intakes of flavonoid subclasses and MRI-determined visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue. Uniquely, we also identified associations between the aforementioned measurements and gut microbiome composition sequenced from 16S ribosomal RNA genes. METHODS We undertook cross-sectional analyses of 618 men and women (n = 368 male), aged 25-83 y, from the PopGen cohort. RESULTS Higher intake of anthocyanins was associated with lower amounts of VAT [tertile (T)3-T1: -0.49 dm3; β: -8.9%; 95% CI: -16.2%, -1.1%; P = 0.03] and VAT:SAT ratio (T3-T1: -0.04; β: -7.1%; 95% CI: -13.5%, -0.3%; P = 0.03). Higher intakes of anthocyanin-rich foods were also inversely associated with VAT [quantile (Q)4-Q1: -0.39 dm3; β: -9.9%; 95% CI: -17.4%, -1.6%; P = 0.02] and VAT:SAT ratio (Q4-Q1: -0.04; β: -6.5%; 95% CI: -13.3%, -0.9%; P = 0.03). Participants with the highest intakes of anthocyanin-rich foods also had higher microbial diversity (Q4-Q1: β: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.31; P < 0.01), higher abundances of Clostridiales (Q4-Q1: β: 449; 95% CI: 96.3, 801; P = 0.04) and Ruminococcaceae (Q4-Q1: β: 313; 95% CI: 33.6, 591; P = 0.04), and lower abundance of Clostridium XIVa (Q4-Q1: β: -41.1; 95% CI: -72.4, -9.8; P = 0.04). Participants with the highest microbial diversity, abundances of Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae, and lower abundance of Clostridium XIVa had lower amounts of VAT. Up to 18.5% of the association between intake of anthocyanin-rich foods and VAT could be explained by the gut microbiome. CONCLUSIONS These novel data suggest that higher microbial diversity and abundance of specific taxa in the Clostridiales order may contribute to the association between higher intake of anthocyanins and lower abdominal adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Jennings
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Majken K Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Biobank PopGen, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to AC (e-mail: )
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Oluwagbemigun K, Foerster J, Watkins C, Fouhy F, Stanton C, Bergmann MM, Boeing H, Nöthlings U. Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Serum Metabolite Patterns and Their Association Is Influenced by Gut Bacteria among Older German Adults. J Nutr 2020; 150:149-158. [PMID: 31504715 PMCID: PMC6946898 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dietary intakes and dietary intake patterns (DPs) have been associated with single metabolites, it is unclear whether DPs are also reflected in specific metabolite patterns (MPs). Moreover, the influence of groups of gut bacteria on the relationship between DPs and MPs is underexplored. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association of DPs and serum MPs and also the modifying effect of the gut bacteria compositional patterns (BCPs). METHODS This is a cross-sectional investigation among 225 individuals (median age: 63 y; 53% women) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Dietary intakes were assessed by three 24-h dietary recalls, gut bacteria composition was quantified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the serum metabolome was profiled by an untargeted approach. We identified DPs and BCPs by the treelet transform analysis. We modeled associations between DPs and 8 previously published MPs and the modifying effect of BCPs by fitting generalized linear models using DataSHIELD R. RESULTS We identified 5 DPs and 7 BCPs. The "bread, margarine, and processed meat" and "fruiting vegetables and vegetable oils" DPs were positively associated with the "amino acids" (β = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.69; P = 0.03) and "fatty acids" MPs (β = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.74; P = 0.01), respectively. The "tea and miscellaneous" was inversely associated with the "amino acids" (β = -0.28; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.05; P = 0.02) and "amino acid derivatives" MPs (β = -0.21; 95% CI: -0.39, -0.02; P = 0.03). One BCP negatively modified the association between the "bread, margarine, and processed meat" DP and the "amino acids" MP (P-interaction = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In older German adults, DPs are reflected in MPs, and the gut bacteria attenuate 1 DP-MP association. These MPs should be explored as biomarkers of these jointly consumed foods while taking into account a potentially modifying role of the gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jana Foerster
- Center for Population and Health eV, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Claire Watkins
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Teagasc/University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Fiona Fouhy
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Teagasc/University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam–Rehbrüke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam–Rehbrüke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Anesi A, Rubert J, Oluwagbemigun K, Orozco-Ruiz X, Nöthlings U, Breteler MMB, Mattivi F. Metabolic Profiling of Human Plasma and Urine, Targeting Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Branched Chain Amino Acid Pathways. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9110261. [PMID: 31683910 PMCID: PMC6918267 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9110261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism has a major effect on human health, and disorders have been associated with the development of several pathologies. Recently, gut microbial metabolism was found to be important for maintaining correct physiology. Here, we describe the development and validation of a UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for targeted quantification of 39 metabolites related to tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism, branched chain amino acids and gut-derived metabolites in human plasma and urine. Extraction from plasma was optimised using 96-well plates, shown to be effective in removing phospholipids. Urine was filtered and diluted ten-fold. Metabolites were separated with reverse phase chromatography and detected using triple quadrupole MS. Linear ranges (from ppb to ppm) and correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.990) were established for both matrices independently and the method was shown to be linear for all tested metabolites. At medium spiked concentration, recovery was over 80% in both matrices, while analytical precision was excellent (CV < 15%). Matrix effects were minimal and retention time stability was excellent. The applicability of the methods was tested on biological samples, and metabolite concentrations were found to be in agreement with available data. The method allows the analysis of up to 96 samples per day and was demonstrated to be stable for up to three weeks from acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Anesi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all' Adige, Italy.
| | - Josep Rubert
- CIBIO, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Povo, Italy.
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ximena Orozco-Ruiz
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1-Building 99, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Monique M B Breteler
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1-Building 99, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1-Building 11, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- CIBIO, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Povo, Italy.
- University of Trento, Department of Physics, Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy.
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Langenau J, Boeing H, Bergmann MM, Nöthlings U, Oluwagbemigun K. The Association between Alcohol Consumption and Serum Metabolites and the Modifying Effect of Smoking. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102331. [PMID: 31581552 PMCID: PMC6836136 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is an important lifestyle factor that is associated with several health conditions and a behavioral link with smoking is well established. Metabolic alterations after alcohol consumption have yet to be comprehensively investigated. We studied the association of alcohol consumption with metabolite patterns (MPs) among 2433 individuals from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study, and a potential modification by smoking. Alcohol consumption was self-reported through dietary questionnaires and serum metabolites were measured by a targeted approach. The metabolites were summarized as MPs using the treelet transform analysis (TT). We fitted linear models with alcohol consumption continuously and in five categories. We stratified the continuously modelled alcohol consumption by smoking status. All models were adjusted for potential confounders. Among men, alcohol consumption was positively associated with six MPs and negatively associated with one MP. In women, alcohol consumption was inversely associated with one MP. Heavy consumers differed from other consumers with respect to the "Long and short chain acylcarnitines" MP. Our findings suggest that long and short chain acylcarnitines might play an important role in the adverse effects of heavy alcohol consumption on chronic diseases. The relations seem to depend on gender and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Langenau
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Heiner Boeing
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Division of Epidemiology, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Division of Epidemiology, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Mitry P, Wawro N, Six-Merker J, Zoller D, Jourdan C, Meisinger C, Thierry S, Nöthlings U, Knüppel S, Boeing H, Linseisen J. Usual Dietary Intake Estimation Based on a Combination of Repeated 24-H Food Lists and a Food Frequency Questionnaire in the KORA FF4 Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2019; 6:145. [PMID: 31552261 PMCID: PMC6743021 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Estimation of usual dietary intake poses a challenge in epidemiological studies. We applied a blended approach that combines the strengths provided by repeated 24-h food lists (24HFLs) and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Methods: At least two web-based 24HFLs and one FFQ were completed by 821 participants in the KORA FF4 study. Consumption probabilities were estimated using logistic mixed models, adjusting for covariates and the FFQ data on consumption frequency. Intake amount of a consumed food item was predicted for each participant based on the results of the second Bavarian Food Consumption Survey (BVS II). By combining consumption probability and estimated consumption amount, the usual food intake for each participant was estimated. These results were compared to results obtained without considering FFQ information for consumption probability estimation, as well as to conventional FFQ data. Results: The results of the blended approach for food group intake were often higher than the FFQ-based results. Intraclass correlation coefficients between both methods ranged between 0.21 and 0.86. Comparison of both methods resulted in weighted kappa values based on quintiles ranging from fair (0.34) to excellent agreement (0.84). Omission of FFQ information in the consumption probability models distinctly affected the results at the group level, though individual intake data were slightly affected, for the most part. Conclusions: Usual dietary intake data based on the blended approach differs from the FFQ-based results both in absolute terms and in classification according to quintiles. The application of the blended approach has been demonstrated as a possible tool in nutritional epidemiology, as a comparison with published studies showed that the blended approach yields reasonable estimates. The inclusion of the FFQ information is valuable especially with regard to irregularly consumed foods. A validation study including biomarkers of dietary intake is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mitry
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Düsseldorf, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Nina Wawro
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Düsseldorf, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Julia Six-Merker
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dorothee Zoller
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Jourdan
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,FGK Clinical Research GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Thierry
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Knüppel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Düsseldorf, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany.,ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Thingholm LB, Rühlemann MC, Koch M, Fuqua B, Laucke G, Boehm R, Bang C, Franzosa EA, Hübenthal M, Rahnavard A, Frost F, Lloyd-Price J, Schirmer M, Lusis AJ, Vulpe CD, Lerch MM, Homuth G, Kacprowski T, Schmidt CO, Nöthlings U, Karlsen TH, Lieb W, Laudes M, Franke A, Huttenhower C. Obese Individuals with and without Type 2 Diabetes Show Different Gut Microbial Functional Capacity and Composition. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 26:252-264.e10. [PMID: 31399369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic disorders that are linked to microbiome alterations. However, their co-occurrence poses challenges in disentangling microbial features unique to each condition. We analyzed gut microbiomes of lean non-diabetic (n = 633), obese non-diabetic (n = 494), and obese individuals with T2D (n = 153) from German population and metabolic disease cohorts. Microbial taxonomic and functional profiles were analyzed along with medical histories, serum metabolomics, biometrics, and dietary data. Obesity was associated with alterations in microbiome composition, individual taxa, and functions with notable changes in Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Oscillibacter, and Alistipes, as well as in serum metabolites that correlated with gut microbial patterns. However, microbiome associations were modest for T2D, with nominal increases in Escherichia/Shigella. Medications, including antihypertensives and antidiabetics, along with dietary supplements including iron, were significantly associated with microbiome variation. These results differentiate microbial components of these interrelated metabolic diseases and identify dietary and medication exposures to consider in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise B Thingholm
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Malte C Rühlemann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brie Fuqua
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Guido Laucke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ruwen Boehm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eric A Franzosa
- Biostatistics Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthias Hübenthal
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ali Rahnavard
- Biostatistics Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fabian Frost
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jason Lloyd-Price
- Biostatistics Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melanie Schirmer
- Biostatistics Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chris D Vulpe
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; Research Group on Computational Systems Medicine, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine SHIP-KEF, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Biostatistics Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
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di Giuseppe R, Koch M, Nöthlings U, Kastenmüller G, Artati A, Adamski J, Jacobs G, Lieb W. Metabolomics signature associated with circulating serum selenoprotein P levels. Endocrine 2019; 64:486-495. [PMID: 30448992 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) has been previously related to various metabolic traits with partially conflicting results. The identification of SELENOP-associated metabolites, using an untargeted metabolomics approach, may provide novel biological insights relevant to disentangle the role of SELENOP in human health. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 572 serum metabolites were identified by comparing the obtained LC-MS/MS spectra with spectra stored in Metabolon's spectra library. Serum SELENOP levels were measured in 832 men and women using an ELISA kit. RESULTS Circulating SELENOP levels were associated with 24 out of 572 metabolites after accounting for the number of independent dimensions in the metabolomics data, including inverse associations with alanine, glutamate, leucine, isoleucine and valine, an unknown compound X-12063, urate and the peptides gamma-glutamyl-leucine, and N-acetylcarnosine. Positive associations were observed between SELENOP and several lipid compounds. Of the identified metabolites, each standard deviation increase in the branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine), alanine and gamma-glutamyl-leucine was related to higher odds of having T2DM [OR (95% CI): 1.96 (1.41-2.73); 1.62 (1.15-2.28); 1.94 (1.45-2.60), 1.57 (1.17-2.11), and 1.52 (1.13-2.05), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum SELENOP levels were associated with an overall healthy metabolomics profile, which may provide further insights into potential mechanisms of SELENOP-associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Gunnar Jacobs
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Biobank PopGen, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Biobank PopGen, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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47
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Wang Y, Koch M, di Giuseppe R, Evans K, Borggrefe J, Nöthlings U, Handberg A, Jensen MK, Lieb W. Associations of plasma CD36 and body fat distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4016-4023. [PMID: 31034016 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT CD36 is a class B scavenger-receptor involved in the uptake of fatty acids in liver and adipose tissue. It is unknown whether plasma CD36 levels are related to liver fat content or adipose tissue in the general population. METHODS We measured plasma CD36 from 575 participants of the community-based PopGen-cohort who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantify visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue and liver signal intensity (LSI), a proxy for liver fat content. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was defined as LSI ≥3.0 in the absence of high alcohol intake. The relations between plasma CD36 and body mass index (BMI), VAT, SAT, LSI, and NAFLD were evaluated using multivariable-adjusted linear and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Plasma CD36 concentrations were correlated with BMI (r=0.11; P=0.01), SAT (r=0.16; P<0.001), and VAT (r=0.15, P<0.001), but not with LSI (P=0.44). In multivariable-adjusted regression models, mean BMI values rose across CD36-quartiles (Q1: 27.8 kg/m2; Q4: 28.9 kg/m2; P-trend=0.013). Similarly, VAT (Q1: 4.13 dm3; Q4: 4.71 dm3; P-trend<0.001) and SAT (Q1: 7.61 dm3; Q4: 8.74 dm3; P-trend<0.001) rose across CD36 quartiles. Plasma CD36 concentrations were unrelated to LSI (P-trend=0.36), and NAFLD (P-trend=0.64). Participants with NAFLD and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a marker for liver damage, had higher CD36 compared to NAFLD participants with normal ALT. CONCLUSIONS Higher plasma concentrations of CD36 were associated with greater general and abdominal adiposity, but not with liver fat content or NAFLD in this community-based sample. However, plasma CD36 may reflect more severe liver damage in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeli Wang
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kirsten Evans
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan Borggrefe
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aase Handberg
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Majken K Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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48
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Lieb W, Jacobs G, Wolf A, Richter G, Gaede KI, Schwarz J, Arnold N, Böhm R, Buyx A, Cascorbi I, Franke A, Glinicke C, Held-Feindt J, Junker R, Kalthoff H, Kramer HH, Leypoldt F, Maass N, Maetzler W, May S, Mehdorn HM, Röcken C, Schafmayer C, Schrappe M, Schreiber S, Sebens S, Stephani U, Synowitz M, Weimer J, Zabel P, Nöthlings U, Röder C, Krawczak M. Linking pre-existing biorepositories for medical research: the PopGen 2.0 Network. J Community Genet 2019; 10:523-530. [PMID: 30927239 PMCID: PMC6754520 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-019-00417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The significance of human biorepositories for modern medical research, particularly for comprehensive population-based genetic analyses, is constantly growing. While large and centralized institutions are usually considered best suited to meet the increasing demand for high-quality “biobanks,” most medical research institutions still host rather heterogeneous and fragmented biobanking activities, undertaken by clinical departments with oftentimes rather different scientific scope. Undoubtedly, most clinicians and medical researchers would appreciate infrastructural support in terms of the storage and handling of their biosamples, but they are also likely to expect access to their samples avoiding extensive formal requirements. We report on the establishment of the PopGen 2.0 Network (P2N), an overarching alliance of initially seven biobanks from Northern Germany which adopted a joint but lean governance structure and use-and-access policy for their samples and data. In addition, the members of P2N have pursued an intense collaboration on ethical, legal and social issues and maintain a common IT infrastructure. The implementation of P2N has substantially improved the prospects of biobank-based research at the participating institutions. The network may thus serve as a role model for similar initiatives geared at linking pre-existing biorepositories for the benefit of research quality, efficiency, and transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology Kiel University and PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel Hs. 1, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Gunnar Jacobs
- Institute of Epidemiology Kiel University and PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel Hs. 1, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gesine Richter
- Institute of Epidemiology Kiel University and PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel Hs. 1, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany.,Division of Biomedical Ethics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karoline I Gaede
- BioMaterialBank Nord, Department of Medicine, Leibniz Lung Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schwarz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ruwen Böhm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alena Buyx
- Division of Biomedical Ethics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Glinicke
- Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Janka Held-Feindt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Junker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Heiner Kramer
- Department for Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank Leypoldt
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicolai Maass
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra May
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Maximilian Mehdorn
- Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Schrappe
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Stephani
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jörg Weimer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Zabel
- Department of Pneumology, Leibniz Lung Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Röder
- Institute of Epidemiology Kiel University and PopGen Biobank, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein UKSH, Campus Kiel Hs. 1, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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49
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Gasull M, Pumarega J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Bergdahl IA, Sandanger TM, Goñi F, Cirera L, Donat-Vargas C, Alguacil J, Iglesias M, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Mancini FR, Boutron-Ruault MC, Severi G, Johnson T, Kühn T, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, Peppa E, Palli D, Pala V, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Panico S, Verschuren M, Vermeulen R, Rylander C, Nøst TH, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Molinuevo A, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Sund M, Key T, Ye W, Jenab M, Michaud D, Matullo G, Canzian F, Kaaks R, Nieters A, Nöthlings U, Jeurnink S, Chajes V, Matejcic M, Gunter M, Aune D, Riboli E, Agudo A, Gonzalez CA, Weiderpass E, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Duell EJ, Vineis P, Porta M. Methodological issues in a prospective study on plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and pancreatic cancer risk within the EPIC cohort. Environ Res 2019; 169:417-433. [PMID: 30529143 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers of environmental exposure to explore new risk factors for pancreatic cancer presents clinical, logistic, and methodological challenges that are also relevant in research on other complex diseases. OBJECTIVES First, to summarize the main design features of a prospective case-control study -nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort- on plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and pancreatic cancer risk. And second, to assess the main methodological challenges posed by associations among characteristics and habits of study participants, fasting status, time from blood draw to cancer diagnosis, disease progression bias, basis of cancer diagnosis, and plasma concentrations of lipids and POPs. Results from etiologic analyses on POPs and pancreatic cancer risk, and other analyses, will be reported in future articles. METHODS Study subjects were 1533 participants (513 cases and 1020 controls matched by study centre, sex, age at blood collection, date and time of blood collection, and fasting status) enrolled between 1992 and 2000. Plasma concentrations of 22 POPs were measured by gas chromatography - triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). To estimate the magnitude of the associations we calculated multivariate-adjusted odds ratios by unconditional logistic regression, and adjusted geometric means by General Linear Regression Models. RESULTS There were differences among countries in subjects' characteristics (as age, gender, smoking, lipid and POP concentrations), and in study characteristics (as time from blood collection to index date, year of last follow-up, length of follow-up, basis of cancer diagnosis, and fasting status). Adjusting for centre and time of blood collection, no factors were significantly associated with fasting status. Plasma concentrations of lipids were related to age, body mass index, fasting, country, and smoking. We detected and quantified 16 of the 22 POPs in more than 90% of individuals. All 22 POPs were detected in some participants, and the smallest number of POPs detected in one person was 15 (median, 19) with few differences by country. The highest concentrations were found for p,p'-DDE, PCBs 153 and 180 (median concentration: 3371, 1023, and 810 pg/mL, respectively). We assessed the possible occurrence of disease progression bias (DPB) in eight situations defined by lipid and POP measurements, on one hand, and by four factors: interval from blood draw to index date, tumour subsite, tumour stage, and grade of differentiation, on the other. In seven of the eight situations results supported the absence of DPB. CONCLUSIONS The coexistence of differences across study centres in some design features and participant characteristics is of relevance to other multicentre studies. Relationships among subjects' characteristics and among such characteristics and design features may play important roles in the forthcoming analyses on the association between plasma concentrations of POPs and pancreatic cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gasull
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Fernando Goñi
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute; Public Health Laboratory in Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lluís Cirera
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar (PSMar), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Monique Verschuren
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amaia Molinuevo
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute; Public Health Laboratory in Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB - Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tim Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Michaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine -IIGM/HuGeF, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Molecular Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Suzanne Jeurnink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Veronique Chajes
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Marco Matejcic
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antoni Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-Idibell), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-Idibell), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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Oluwagbemigun K, Buyken AE, Alexy U, Schmid M, Herder C, Nöthlings U. Developmental trajectories of body mass index from childhood into late adolescence and subsequent late adolescence-young adulthood cardiometabolic risk markers. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:9. [PMID: 30660185 PMCID: PMC6339359 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reports on body mass index (BMI) trajectories from childhood into late adolescence, their determinants, and subsequent cardiometabolic risk markers, particularly among European populations have been few. Moreover, sex-specific investigation is necessary considering the sex difference in BMI, and the sex-specific association between BMI and some cardiometabolic risk markers. Methods Using a sample from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed study, we explored sex-specific trajectories of the BMI standard deviation score (SDS) from 4 to 18 years of age in 354 males and 335 females by latent (class) growth models. The determinants of trajectory were assessed by logistic regression. We identified cardiometabolic risk markers that were highly associated with BMI SDS trajectory by random forest regression, and finally we used generalized linear models to investigate differences in the identified cardiometabolic risk markers between pairs of trajectories. Results We observed four: ‘low-normal weight’, ‘mid-normal weight’, ‘high-normal weight’, and ‘overweight’, and three: ‘‘low-normal weight’, ‘mid-normal weight’, and ‘high-normal weight’ trajectories in males and females, respectively. Higher maternal prepregnancy BMI was associated with the ‘overweight’ trajectory, and with ‘high-normal weight’ trajectory in both sexes. In addition, employed mothers and first-born status were associated with ‘high-normal weight’ trajectory in females. BMI SDS trajectory was associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in males, and diastolic blood pressure and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in females. However, only males following the ‘overweight’ trajectory had significantly higher IL-18 when compared to their ‘low-normal weight’ counterpart. Conclusions We identified sex-specific distinct trajectories of BMI SDS from childhood into late adolescence, higher maternal prepregnancy BMI as a common determinant of the ‘high-normal weight’ and ‘overweight’ trajectories, and ‘overweight’ trajectory being associated with elevated IL-18 in late adolescence–young adulthood. This study emphasizes the role of maternal prepregnancy BMI in overweight, and highlights IL-18 as a cardiometabolic signature of overweight across life. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-019-0813-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Anette E Buyken
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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