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Fargher HA, Delmau LH, Bryantsev VS, Haley MM, Johnson DW, Moyer BA. Disrupting the Hofmeister bias in salt liquid-liquid extraction with an arylethynyl bisurea anion receptor. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5311-5318. [PMID: 38577371 PMCID: PMC10988605 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05922g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Host-mediated liquid-liquid extraction is a convenient method for the separation of inorganic salts. However, selective extraction of an anion, regardless of its hydrophilicity or lipophilicity as qualitatively described by its place in the Hofmeister series, remains challenging. Herein we report the complete disruption of the Hofmeister-based ordering of anions in host-mediated extraction by a rigidified tweezer-type receptor possessing remarkably strong anion-binding affinity under the conditions examined. Experiments introduce a convenient new method for determination of anion binding using phosphorus inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure extraction of tetra-n-butylphosphonium (TBP+) salts from water into nitrobenzene, specifically examining the disrupting effect of the added arylethynyl bisurea anion receptor. In the absence of the receptor, the salt partitioning follows the expected Hofmeister-type ordering favoring the larger, less hydrated anions; the analysis yields the value -24 kJ mol-1 for the standard Gibbs energy of partitioning of TBP+ cation from water into nitrobenzene at 25 °C. Selectivity is markedly changed by the addition of receptor to the nitrobenzene and is concentration dependent, giving rise to three selectivity regimes. We then used SXLSQI liquid-liquid equilibrium analysis software developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to fit host-mediated extraction equilibria for TBP+ salts of Cl-, Br-, I-, and NO3- to the distribution data. While the reverse-Hofmeister 1 : 1 binding of the anions by the receptor effectively cancels the Hofmeister selectivity of the TBPX partitioning into nitrobenzene, formation of unexpected 2 : 1 receptor : anion complexes favoring Cl- and Br- dominates the selectivity at elevated receptor concentrations, producing the unusual order Br- > Cl- > NO3- > I- in anion distribution wherein a middle member of the series is selected and the most lipophilic anion is disfavored. Density functional theory calculations confirmed the likelihood of forming 2 : 1 complexes, where Cl- and Br- are encapsulated by two receptors adopting energetically competitive single or double helix structures. The calculations explain the rare non-Hofmeister preference for Br-. This example shows that anion receptors can be used to control the selectivity and efficiency of salt extraction regardless of the position of the anion in the Hofmeister series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel A Fargher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Lætitia H Delmau
- Radioisotope Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831-6384 USA
| | | | - Michael M Haley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Bruce A Moyer
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831-6119 USA
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Marshall SR, Singh A, Wagner JN, Busschaert N. Enhancing the selectivity of optical sensors using synthetic transmembrane ion transporters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14455-14458. [PMID: 33146644 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06437h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a new method to optimize the properties of optical sensors, coined the transporter-liposome-fluorophore (TLF) approach. It is shown that this approach can greatly improve the selectivity of the sensor, increase the dynamic range and maintain the sensitivity of the original fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA.
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Abstract
The core N-H units of planar porphyrins are often inaccessible to forming hydrogen-bonding complexes with acceptor molecules. This is due to the fact that the amine moieties are "shielded" by the macrocyclic system, impeding the formation of intermolecular H-bonds. However, methods exist to modulate the tetrapyrrole conformations and to reshape the vector of N-H orientation outwards, thus increasing their availability and reactivity. Strategies include the use of porpho(di)methenes and phlorins (calixphyrins), as well as saddle-distorted porphyrins. The former form cavities due to interruption of the aromatic system. The latter are highly basic systems and capable of binding anions and neutral molecules via N-H⋅⋅⋅X-type H-bonds. This Review discusses the role of porphyrin(oid) ligands in various coordination-type complexes, means to access the core for hydrogen bonding, the concept of conformational control, and emerging applications, such as organocatalysis and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Kielmann
- School of ChemistrySFI Tetrapyrrole LaboratoryTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinThe University of Dublin152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- School of ChemistrySFI Tetrapyrrole LaboratoryTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinThe University of Dublin152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Kielmann
- School of Chemistry; SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; The University of Dublin; 152-160 Pearse Street Dublin 2 Irland
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- School of Chemistry; SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; The University of Dublin; 152-160 Pearse Street Dublin 2 Irland
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Halleröd J, Ekberg C, Kajan I, Aneheim E. Solubility Thermodynamics of CyMe 4 -BTBP in Various Diluents Mixed with TBP. J SOLUTION CHEM 2018; 47:1021-1036. [PMID: 30046200 PMCID: PMC6028903 DOI: 10.1007/s10953-018-0774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The two organic ligands 6,6′-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)[2,2′]bipyridine (CyMe\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$_{4}$$\end{document}4-BTBP) and tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) have previously been investigated in different diluents for use within recycling of used nuclear fuel through solvent extraction. The thermodynamic parameters, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\Delta S^{0}$$\end{document}ΔS0, of the CyMe\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$_{4}$$\end{document}4-BTBP solubility in three diluents (cyclohexanone, octanol and phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone) mixed with TBP have been studied at 288, 298 and 308 K, both as pristine solutions and pre-equilibrated with 4 mol\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^{-1}$$\end{document}-1 nitric acid. In addition, the amount of acid in the organic phase and density change after pre-equilibration have been measured. The solubility of CyMe\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$_{4}$$\end{document}4-BTBP increases with an increased temperature in all systems, especially after acid pre-equilibration. This increased CyMe\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$_{4}$$\end{document}4-BTBP solubility after pre-equilibration could be explained by acid dissolution into the solvent. Comparing the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\Delta S^{0}$$\end{document}ΔS0 calculated using \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\Delta C_{p}$$\end{document}ΔCp with the same parameters derived from a linear fit indicates temperature independence of all three thermodynamic systems. The change in enthalpy is positive in all solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Halleröd
- Nuclear Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chrisitan Ekberg
- Nuclear Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivan Kajan
- Nuclear Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Aneheim
- Nuclear Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 4, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract
This feature article summarises recent contributions of the authors in the area of anion-induced supramolecular self-assembly. It is based on the chemistry of a set of tetracationic imidazolium macrocycles, specifically the so-called 'Texas-sized' molecular box, cyclo[2](2,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine)[2](1,4-dimethylenebenzene) (14+), and its congeners, cyclo[2](2,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine)[2](1,2-dimethylenebenzene) (24+), cyclo[2](2,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine)[2](1,3-dimethylenebenzene) (34+), and cyclo[2](2,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine)[2](2,6-dimethylenepyridine) (44+). These systems collectively have been demonstrated as being versatile building blocks that interact with organic carboxylate or sulfonate anions, as well as substrates (e.g., neutral molecules or metal cations). Most work to date has been carried out with 14+, a system that has been found to support the construction of a number of stimuli responsive self-assembled ensembles. This macrocycle and others of the 'Texas-sized' box family also show the potential to react as carbene precursors and to undergo post-synthetic modification (PSM) to produce new functional macrocycles, such as trans- and cis-cyclo[2]((Z)-N-(2-((6-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)vinyl)formamide)[2](1,4-bismethylbenzene) (52+ and 62+, respectively). On the basis of the work reviewed in this Feature article, we propose that the imidazolium macrocycles 14+-44+ can be considered as useful tools for the construction of ensembles with environmentally responsive features, including control over self-assembly and an ability to undergo precursor-specific PSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwaidajie 19, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China.
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Maji S, Mandal D. Perfluoroalkylated Calix[4]pyrroles: Fluoride Ion Extraction from an Aqueous Medium. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2369-2373. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinchan Maji
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Nangal Road Punjab 140001 India
| | - Debaprasad Mandal
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Nangal Road Punjab 140001 India
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Sun JJ, Han Y, Sun J, Yan CG. Synthesis and crystal structure of Ni, Cu complexes of 5-methyl-10,10,15,15,20,20-hexaethylcalix[4]pyrrole mono-Schiff bases. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Han Y, Sun J, Wang G, Yan C. Synthesis, crystal structure and complexing properties of calix[4]pyrrole 10α,20α-disubstituted Schiff bases and urea derivatives. J Mol Struct 2015; 1083:300-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Han Y, Wang GL, Sun JJ, Sun J, Yan CG. Synthesis and crystal structure of 15α,20α-di(4-hydroxylphenyl)calix[4]pyrroles and 10α,20β-di(4-hydroxylphenyl)calix[4]pyrroles. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Moyer BA, Custelcean R, Hay BP, Sessler JL, Bowman-James K, Day VW, Kang SO. A case for molecular recognition in nuclear separations: sulfate separation from nuclear wastes. Inorg Chem 2012; 52:3473-90. [PMID: 23134587 DOI: 10.1021/ic3016832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the case for molecular-recognition approaches for sulfate removal from radioactive wastes via the use of anion-sequestering systems selective for sulfate, using either liquid-liquid extraction or crystallization. Potential benefits of removing sulfate from the waste include improved vitrification of the waste, reduced waste-form volume, and higher waste-form performance, all of which lead to potential cleanup schedule acceleration and cost savings. The need for sulfate removal from radioactive waste, especially legacy tank wastes stored at the Hanford site, is reviewed in detail and primarily relates to the low solubility of sulfate in borosilicate glass. Traditional methods applicable to the separation of sulfate from radioactive wastes are also reviewed, with the finding that currently no technology has been identified and successfully demonstrated to meet this need. Fundamental research in the authors' laboratories targeting sulfate as an important representative of the class of oxoanions is based on the hypothesis that designed receptors may provide the needed ability to recognize sulfate under highly competitive conditions, in particular where the nitrate anion concentration is high. Receptors that have been shown to have promising affinity for sulfate, either in extraction or in crystallization experiments, include hexaurea tripods, tetraamide macrocycles, cyclo[8]pyrroles, calixpyrroles, and self-assembled urea-lined cages. Good sulfate selectivity observed in the laboratory provides experimental support for the proposed molecular-recognition approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Moyer
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6119, USA.
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Borman CJ, Bonnesen PV, Moyer BA. Selectivity Control in Synergistic Liquid–Liquid Anion Exchange of Univalent Anions via Structure-Specific Cooperativity between Quaternary Ammonium Cations and Anion Receptors. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8214-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301315c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Borman
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6119, United States
| | - Peter V. Bonnesen
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6119, United States
| | - Bruce A. Moyer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6119, United States
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Abstract
Supramolecular complexes offer a new and efficient way for the monitoring and removal of many substances emanating from technical processes, fertilization, plant and animal protection, or e.g. chemotherapy. Such pollutants range from toxic or radioactive metal ions and anions to chemical side products, herbicides, pesticides to drugs including steroids, and include degradation products from natural sources. The applications involve usually fast and reversible complex formation, due to prevailing non-covalent interactions. This is of importance for sensing as well as for separation techniques, where the often expensive host compounds can then be reused almost indefinitely. Immobilization of host compounds, e.g. on exchange resins or on membranes, and their implementation in smart new materials hold particular promise. The review illustrates how the design of suitable host compounds in combination with modern sensing and separation methods can contribute to solve some of the biggest problems facing chemistry, which arise from the everyday increasing pollution of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa Albelda
- Departament de Química Inorgánica, ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2. Paterna, Spain
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is the most well-known of a variety of diseases termed channelopathies, in which the regulation of ion transport across cell membranes is so disrupted that the threshold of a pathology is passed. The human toll exacted by these diseases has led a number of research groups, including our own, to create compounds that mediate ion transport across lipid bilayers. In this Account, we discuss three classes of synthetic compounds that were refined to bind and transport anions across lipid bilayer membranes. All of the compounds were originally designed as anion receptors, that is, species that would simply create stable complexes with anions, but were then further developed as transporters. By studying structurally simple systems and varying their properties to change the degree of preorganization, the affinity for anions, or the lipophilicity, we have begun to rationalize why particular anion transport mechanisms (cotransport or antiport processes) occur in particular cases. For example, we have studied the chloride transport properties of receptors based on the closely related structures of isophthalamide and pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide: the central ring in each case was augmented with pendant methylimidazole groups designed to cotransport H(+) and Cl(-). We observed that the more preorganized pyridine-based receptor was the more efficient transporter, a finding replicated with a series of isophthalamides in which one contained hydroxyl groups designed to preorganize the receptor. This latter class of compound, together with the natural product prodigiosin, can transport bicarbonate (as part of a chloride/bicarbonate antiport process) across lipid bilayer membranes. We have also studied the membrane transport properties of calix[4]pyrroles. Although the parent meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole functions solely as a Cs(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter, other compounds with increased anion affinities can function through an antiport process. One example is octafluoro-meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole; with its electron-withdrawing substituents, it can operate through a chloride/bicarbonate antiport process. Moreover, calix[4]pyrroles with additional hydrogen bond donors can operate through a chloride/nitrate antiport process. Thus, increasing the affinity of the receptor in these cases allows the compound to transport an anion in the absence of a cation. Finally, we have studied the transport properties of simple thioureas and shown that these compounds are highly potent chloride/bicarbonate antiport agents that function at low concentrations. In contrast, the urea analogues are inactive. The higher hydrophobicity (reflected in higher values for the logarithm of the water-octanol partition constant, or log P) and lower polar surface areas of the thiourea compounds compared to their urea analogues may provide a clue to the high potency of these compounds. This observation might serve as a basis for designing future small-molecule transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A. Gale
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Moyer BA, Sloop FV, Fowler CJ, Haverlock TJ, Kang HA, Delmau LH, Bau DM, Hossain MA, Bowman-James K, Shriver JA, Bill NL, Gross DE, Marquez M, Lynch VM, Sessler JL. Enhanced liquid–liquid anion exchange using macrocyclic anion receptors: effect of receptor structure on sulphate–nitrate exchange selectivity. Supramol Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10610271003763263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A. Moyer
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Frederick V. Sloop
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Christopher J. Fowler
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Tamara J. Haverlock
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Hyun-Ah Kang
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Lætitia H. Delmau
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Diadra M. Bau
- a Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge , TN , 37831-6119 , USA
| | - Md Alamgir Hossain
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Kansas , Lawrence , KS , 66045 , USA
| | | | - James A. Shriver
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas , Austin , TX , 78712 , USA
| | - Nathan L. Bill
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas , Austin , TX , 78712 , USA
| | - Dustin E. Gross
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas , Austin , TX , 78712 , USA
| | - Manuel Marquez
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas , Austin , TX , 78712 , USA
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas , Austin , TX , 78712 , USA
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas , Austin , TX , 78712 , USA
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Chialvo AA, Simonson JM. Solvation and ion pair association in aqueous metal sulfates: Interpretation of NDIS raw data by isobaric–isothermal molecular dynamics simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc2009535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the solvation behavior of aqueous lithium, nickel, and ytterbium sulfates at ambient conditions in terms of the relevant radial distributions functions and the corresponding first-order difference of the sulfur-site neutron-weighted distribution functions generated by isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics simulation. We determined the partial contributions to the neutron-weighted distribution functions, to identify the main contributing peaks of the corresponding radial distribution functions, and the effect of the contact ion-pair configuration on the resulting water’s hydrogen coordination around the sulfate’s sulfur site. Finally, we assessed the extent of the ion-pair formation according to Poirier–DeLap formalism and highlighted the significant increase of the ion-pair association exhibited by these salts with cation charge.
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Garg B, Bisht T, Chauhan SMS. Synthesis and anion binding properties of novel 3,12- and 3,7-bis(4′-nitrophenyl)-azo-calix[4]pyrrole receptors. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00315h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yano M, Tong CC, Light ME, Schmidtchen FP, Gale PA. Calix[4]pyrrole-based anion transporters with tuneable transport properties. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4356-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yoo J, Kim Y, Kim SJ, Lee CH. Anion-modulated, highly sensitive supramolecular fluorescence chemosensor for C70. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5449-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00631a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Burk P, Tammiku-Taul J, Tamp S, Sikk L, Sillar K, Mayeux C, Gal JF, Maria PC. Computational Study of Cesium Cation Interactions with Neutral and Anionic Compounds Related to Soil Organic Matter. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:10734-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9046243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peeter Burk
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Jaana Tammiku-Taul
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Sven Tamp
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Lauri Sikk
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Kaido Sillar
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Charly Mayeux
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean-François Gal
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Pierre-Charles Maria
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Chemical Physics, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, and Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Institut de Chimie de Nice-FR CNRS 3037, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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Bernier N, Carvalho S, Li F, Delgado R, Félix V. Anion Recognition by a Macrobicycle Based on a Tetraoxadiaza Macrocycle and an Isophthalamide Head Unit. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4819-27. [PMID: 19449844 DOI: 10.1021/jo9005798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bernier
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. da República - EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal, Departamento de Química, CICECO, and Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, and Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Química, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Carvalho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. da República - EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal, Departamento de Química, CICECO, and Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, and Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Química, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Feng Li
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. da República - EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal, Departamento de Química, CICECO, and Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, and Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Química, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Delgado
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. da República - EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal, Departamento de Química, CICECO, and Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, and Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Química, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vítor Félix
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. da República - EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal, Departamento de Química, CICECO, and Secção Autónoma de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, and Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Química, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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24
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Alešković M, Halasz I, Basarić N, Mlinarić-Majerski K. Synthesis, structural characterization, and anion binding ability of sterically congested adamantane-calix[4]pyrroles and adamantane-calixphyrins. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Fowler CJ, Haverlock TJ, Moyer BA, Shriver JA, Gross DE, Marquez M, Sessler JL, Hossain MA, Bowman-James K. Enhanced anion exchange for selective sulfate extraction: overcoming the Hofmeister bias. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:14386-7. [PMID: 18841965 DOI: 10.1021/ja806511b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, a new approach to enhancing the efficacy of liquid-liquid anion exchange is demonstrated. It involves the concurrent use of appropriately chosen hydrogen-bond-donating (HBD) anion receptors in combination with a traditional quaternary ammonium extractant. The fluorinated calixpyrroles 1 and 2 and the tetraamide macrocycle 4 were found to be particularly effective receptors. Specifically, their use allowed the extraction of sulfate by tricaprylmethylammonium nitrate to be effected in the presence of excess nitrate. As such, the present work provides a rare demonstration of overcoming the Hofmeister bias in a competitive environment and the first to the authors' knowledge wherein this difficult-to-achieve objective is attained using a neutral HBD-based anion binding agent under conditions of solvent extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Fowler
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Aydogan
- a Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry , Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - J. L. Sessler
- b Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , 1 University Station-A5300, Austin, TX, 78712-0165, USA
| | - A. Akar
- a Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry , Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - V. Lynch
- b Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , 1 University Station-A5300, Austin, TX, 78712-0165, USA
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27
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Lee CH, Miyaji H, Yoon DW, Sessler JL. Strapped and other topographically nonplanar calixpyrrole analogues. Improved anion receptors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:24-34. [DOI: 10.1039/b713183f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Bruno G, Cafeo G, Kohnke FH, Nicolò F. Tuning the anion binding properties of calixpyrroles by means of p-nitrophenyl substituents at their meso-positions. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Bhaskar G, Prabhakar S, Ramanjaneyulu GS, Vairamani M, Srinivasu VNV, Srinivas K. Mass spectral studies of meso-dialkyl, alkyl aryl and cycloalkyl calix(4)pyrroles under positive and negative ion electrospray ionization conditions. J Mass Spectrom 2007; 42:1194-206. [PMID: 17607800 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of meso-dialkyl, alkyl aryl and cycloalkyl calix(4)pyrroles (1-15) are studied under positive and negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions. The positive ion spectra show abundant [M + H](+) and [M + Na](+) ions and the negative ion spectra show the [M + Cl](-) (the Cl(-) ions from the solvent) and [M - H](-) ions. The collision induced dissociation (CID) spectra of [M + H](+), [M + Na](+), [M + Cl](-) and [M - H](-) ions are studied to understand their dissociation pathway and compared to that reported for M(+) under electron ionization (EI) conditions. The beta-cleavage process that was diagnostic to M(+) is absent in all the CID spectra of the ions studied under ESI. Dissociation of all the studied ions resulted in the fragment ions formed by sequential elimination of pyrrole (A) and/or dialkyl/alkyl aryl/cycloalkyl (B) groups involving hydrogen migration to pyrrole ring at each cleavage of A--B bond, which clearly reveals the arrangement of A and B groups in the calix(4)pyrroles. The source of hydrogen that migrates to pyrrole ring during A--B bond cleavage is investigated by the experiments on deuterated compounds and [M + D](+) ions; and confirmed that the hydrogen attached to pyrrole nitrogen, hydrogen on alpha-carbon of alkyl group and the H(+)/Na(+) ion that added during ESI process to generate [M + H](+)/[M + Na](+) ions involve in the migration. The yields of [M + Na](+) ions are found to be different for the isomeric meso-cycloalkyl compounds (cycloheptyl, and 2-, 3- and 4-methyl cyclohexyl) and for normal and N-confused calix(4)pyrroles. The isomeric methyl and 3-hydroxy/4-hydroxy phenyl calix(4)pyrroles show specific fragmentation pattern during the dissociation of their [M - H](-) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bhaskar
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
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30
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Galbraith SG, Wang Q, Li L, Blake AJ, Wilson C, Collinson SR, Lindoy LF, Plieger PG, Schröder M, Tasker PA. Anion Selectivity in Zwitterionic Amide-Functionalised Metal Salt Extractants. Chemistry 2007; 13:6091-107. [PMID: 17476697 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Amide-functionalised salen ligands capable of extracting metal salts have been synthesised and characterised. Single-crystal X-ray structure determinations of complexes of NiSO4, [Ni(L)(SO4)], confirm that the ionophores are in a zwitterionic form with Ni(II) bound in the deprotonated salen moiety and the SO4(2-) ion associated with protonated pendant N'-amidopiperazine groups. Treatment of [Ni(L)(SO4)] with base removes the protons from the pendant amido-amine group resulting in loss of the SO4(2-) ion and formation of metal-only complexes of type [Ni(L-2H)], which have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Three of the ligands with solubilities suitable for solvent extraction studies show loading and stripping pH-profiles that are suitable for the recovery of CuSO4 or CuCl2 from industrial leach solutions. The copper-only complexes, [Cu(L-2H)], are selective for Cl- over SO4(2-) in both solvent extraction and bulk liquid membrane transport experiments and were found to bind Cl- in two steps via the formation of a 1:1:1 [Cu(L-H)Cl] assembly, followed by a 1:1:2 [Cu(L)Cl2] assembly as the pH of the aqueous phase is lowered. The anion transport selectivity was evaluated for a number of other mono-charged anions and interestingly the ligands were found to display a preference for the Br- ion. To probe the influence of the Hofmeister bias on the selectivity of anion complexation, single-phase potentiometric titration experiments were employed to investigate the binding of SO4(2-) and Cl- by one of the copper only complexes, [Cu(L-2H)] in 95 %/5 % MeOH/water. Under these conditions selectivity was reversed (SO4(2-)>Cl-) confirming that the Hofmeister bias, which reflects the relative hydration energies of the anions, dominates the selectivity of anion extraction from aqueous media into CHCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Custelcean
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831‐6119, USA
| | - Bruce A. Moyer
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831‐6119, USA
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Cafeo
- a Università di Messina, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica , Salita Sperone 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrzej Kaledkowski
- b Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology , Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Franz H. Kohnke
- a Università di Messina, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica , Salita Sperone 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Messina
- c CNR, ICTP Catania , Viale Regina Margherita 6, I-95125, Catania, Italy
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Blas JR, López-Bes JM, Márquez M, Sessler JL, Luque FJ, Orozco M. Exploring the Dynamics of Calix[4]pyrrole: Effect of Solvent and Fluorine Substitution. Chemistry 2007; 13:1108-16. [PMID: 17086569 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations show that calix[4]pyrrole (CP) and octafluorocalix[4]pyrrole (8F-CP) are extremely flexible molecules. CP mainly adopts the 1,3-alternate conformation in all the solvents, although the percentage of alternative conformations increases in polar solvents, especially those with good hydrogen-bonding acceptor properties. However, in the case of 8F-CP, the cone conformation is the most populated in some solvents. Transitions between conformers are common and fast, and both CP and 8F-CP can adopt the cone conformation needed for optimum interaction with anions more easily than would be predicted on the basis of previous gas-phase calculations. Furthermore, the present studies show that when a fluoride anion is specifically placed initially in close proximity to CP and 8F-CP in their respective 1,3-alternate conformations, an extremely fast change to the cone conformation is observed in both cases. The results suggest that preorganization does not represent a major impediment to anion-binding for either CP or 8F-CP, and that ion-induced conformational changes can follow different mechanisms depending on the solvent and the chemical substituents present on the calix[4]pyrrole beta-pyrrolic positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ramón Blas
- Molecular Modeling and Bioinformatics Unit, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Josep Samitier 1-5, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Levitskaia TG, Maya L, Van Berkel GJ, Moyer BA. Anion Partitioning and Ion-Pairing Behavior of Anions in the Extraction of Cesium Salts by 4,5‘ ‘-Bis(tert-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8 in 1,2-Dichloroethane. Inorg Chem 2006; 46:261-72. [PMID: 17198435 DOI: 10.1021/ic061605k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study of anion partitioning and ion pairing was performed for an extraction of individual cesium salts into 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) using 4,5' '-bis(tert-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8 as the cesium receptor. Equilibrium constants corresponding to the extraction of ion pairs and dissociated ions, formation of the 1:1 cesium/crown complex (confirmed by electrospray mass spectrometry), and dissociation of the ion pairs in water-saturated 1,2-DCE at 25 degrees C were obtained from equilibrium modeling using the SXLSQI program. The standard Gibbs energy of partitioning between water and water-saturated 1,2-DCE was determined for picrate, permanganate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, methanesulfonate, trifluoroacetate, and acetate anions. The dissociation of the organic-phase complex ion pair [Cs(4,4' '-bis(tert-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8]+NO3- observed in the extraction experiments was shown to be consistent with the dissociation constant determined independently by conductance measurements. As attributed to the large effective radius of the complex cation, the evident anion discrimination due to ion pairing in the 1,2-DCE phase was relatively small, by comparison only a tenth of the discrimination exhibited by the anion partitioning. Only chloride and picrate exhibit evidence for significantly greater-than-expected ion-pairing tendency. These results provide insight into the inclusion properties of the clefts formed by opposing arene rings of the crown ether upon encapsulation of the Cs+ ion, whose weak anion recognition likely reflects the preferential inclusion of 1,2-DCE molecules in the clefts. Observed anion extraction selectivity in this system, which may be ascribed predominantly to solvent-induced Hofmeister bias selectivity toward large charge-diffuse anions, was nearly the same whether cesium salts were extracted as dissociated ions or ion pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana G Levitskaia
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-6119, USA
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G. Galbraith
- a Department of Chemistry , The University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK
| | - Peter A. Tasker
- a Department of Chemistry , The University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK
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Abstract
A novel approach for the separation of anions from aqueous mixtures was demonstrated, which involves their selective crystallization with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) containing urea functional groups. Self-assembly of Zn2+ with the N,N'-bis(m-pyridyl)urea (BPU) linker results in the formation of one-dimensional MOFs including various anions for charge balance, which interact to different extents with the zinc nodes and the urea hydrogen-bonding groups, depending on their coordinating abilities. Thus, Cl-, Br-, I-, and SO4(2-), in the presence of BPU and Zn2+, form MOFs from water, in which the anions coordinate the zinc and are hydrogen-bonded to the urea groups, whereas NO3- and ClO4- anions either do not form MOFs or form water-soluble discrete coordination complexes under the same conditions. X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and elemental analysis of the coordination polymers precipitated from aqueous mixtures containing equivalent amounts of these anions indicated total exclusion of the oxoanions and selective crystallization of the halides in the form of solid solutions with the general composition ZnCl(x)Br(y)I(z).BPU (x + y + z = 2), with an anti-Hofmeister selectivity. The concomitant inclusion of the halides in the same structural frameworks facilitates the rationalization of the observed selectivity on the basis of the diminishing interactions with the zinc and urea acidic centers in the MOFs when going from Cl- to I-, which correlates with decreasing anionic charge density in the same order. The overall crystal packing efficiency of the coordination frameworks, which ultimately determines their solubility, also plays an important role in the anion crystallization selectivity under thermodynamic equilibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Custelcean
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA.
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37
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Galbraith SG, Lindoy LF, Tasker PA, Plieger PG. Simple procedures for assessing and exploiting the selectivity of anion extraction and transport. Dalton Trans 2006:1134-6. [PMID: 16482347 DOI: 10.1039/b515458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The strength and selectivity of anion-binding by metal salt extractants have been assessed by defining the pH-dependence of anion uptake into a water-immiscible solution of the "metal-only" complexes; high Cl-/SO4(2-) selectivity of transport has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Galbraith
- Centre for Heavy Metal Research, School of Chemistry F11, University of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia
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Moyer BA, Delmau LH, Fowler CJ, Ruas A, Bostick DA, Sessler JL, Katayev E, Dan Pantos G, Llinares JM, Hossain MA, Kang SO, Bowman-James K. Supramolecular Chemistry of Environmentally Relevant Anions. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(06)59005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Radha Kishan M, Radha Rani V, Kulkarni SJ, Raghavan KV. A new environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of calix(4)pyrroles over molecular sieve catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 237:155-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2005.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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40
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Abstract
The anion binding properties of fluorinated calix[n]pyrroles (n = 4-6) in aprotic solvents (acetonitrile and DMSO) and modified reaction conditions allowing for the synthesis and isolation of the hitherto missing dodecafluorocalix[6]pyrrole from the condensation of 3,4-difluoro-1H-pyrrole and acetone are described. In acetonitrile solution containing 2% water, the association constants for the 1:1 binding interaction between octafluorocalix[4]pyrrole and chloride anion obtained with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and (1)H NMR titration methods were found to match reasonably well. As compared to its nonfluorinated congener, octafluorocalix[4]pyrrole was found to display enhanced binding affinities for several representative anions in pure acetonitrile as judged from ITC analyses. Similar analyses of the fluorinated calix[n]pyrroles revealed an increase in the relative affinity for bromide over chloride with increasing macrocycle size, as manifest in a decrease in the binding ratio K(a(Cl))/K(a(Br)). Anion binding studies in the solid state, involving single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of the chloride and acetate anion complexes of octafluorocalix[4]pyrrole and decafluorocalix[5]pyrrole, respectively, confirmed the expected hydrogen bond interactions between the pyrrolic NH protons and the bound anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1 University Station-A5300, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA.
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Abstract
Steroid-based receptors with enclosed binding sites, formed from quaternary ammonium and macrocyclic bis-urea units, can substantially override the Hofmeister series in anion phase transfer experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Sisson
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
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42
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Shevchuk SV, Lynch VM, Sessler JL. A new terpyrrolic analogue of dipyrrolylquinoxalines: an efficient optical-based sensor for anions in organic media. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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