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Wani SS, Hsu CC, Kuo YZ, Darshana Kumara Kimbulapitiya KM, Chung CC, Cyu RH, Chen CT, Liu MJ, Chaudhary M, Chiu PW, Zhong YL, Chueh YL. Enhanced Electrical Transport Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide Field-Effect Transistors by Using Alkali Metal Fluorides as Dielectric Capping Layers. ACS Nano 2024; 18:10776-10787. [PMID: 38587200 PMCID: PMC11044573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The electronic properties of 2D materials are highly influenced by the molecular activity at their interfaces. A method was proposed to address this issue by employing passivation techniques using monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs) while preserving high performance. Herein, we have used alkali metal fluorides as dielectric capping layers, including lithium fluoride (LiF), sodium fluoride (NaF), and potassium fluoride (KF) dielectric capping layers, to mitigate the environmental impact of oxygen and water exposure. Among them, the LiF dielectric capping layer significantly improved the transistor performance, specifically in terms of enhanced field effect mobility from 74 to 137 cm2/V·s, increased current density from 17 μA/μm to 32.13 μA/μm at a drain voltage of Vd of 1 V, and decreased subthreshold swing to 0.8 V/dec The results have been analytically verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and the demonstrated technique can be extended to other transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based FETs, which can become a prospect for cutting-edge electronic applications. These findings highlight certain important trade-offs and provide insight into the significance of interface control and passivation material choice on the electrical stability, performance, and enhancement of the MoS2 FET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayah-Shakil Wani
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chen Chieh Hsu
- Department
of Physics and Quantum Information Center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32034, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Zen Kuo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kimbulapitiya Mudiyanselage
Madhusanka Darshana Kumara Kimbulapitiya
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chung
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Hong Cyu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ting Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jin Liu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Mayur Chaudhary
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chiu
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Institute
of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing
Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Liang Zhong
- Department
of Physics and Quantum Information Center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32034, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Lee DH, Dongquoc V, Hong S, Kim SI, Kim E, Cho SY, Oh CH, Je Y, Kwon MJ, Hoang Vo A, Seo DB, Lee JH, Kim S, Kim ET, Park JH. Surface Passivation of Layered MoSe 2 via van der Waals Stacking of Amorphous Hydrocarbon. Small 2022; 18:e2202912. [PMID: 36058645 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Development of efficient surface passivation methods for semiconductor devices is crucial to counter the degradation in their electrical performance owing to scattering or trapping of carriers in the channels induced by molecular adsorption from the ambient environment. However, conventional dielectric deposition involves the formation of additional interfacial defects associated with broken covalent bonds, resulting in accidental electrostatic doping or enhanced hysteretic behavior. In this study, centimeter-scaled van der Waals passivation of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is demonstrated by stacking hydrocarbon (HC) dielectrics onto MoSe2 field-effect transistors (FETs), thereby enhancing the electric performance and stability of the device, accompanied with the suppression of chemical disorder at the HC/TMDCs interface. The stacking of HC onto MoSe2 FETs enhances the carrier mobility of MoSe2 FET by over 50% at the n-branch, and a significant decrease in hysteresis, owing to the screening of molecular adsorption. The electron mobility and hysteresis of the HC/MoSe2 FETs are verified to be nearly intact compared to those of the fabricated HC/MoSe2 FETs after exposure to ambient environment for 3 months. Consequently, the proposed design can act as a model for developing advanced nanoelectronics applications based on layered materials for mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Viet Dongquoc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongin Hong
- Department of Physics, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea
| | - Seung-Il Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Kim
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Su-Yeon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Oh
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjin Je
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ji Kwon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Hoang Vo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Bum Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkook Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-745, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Tae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hong Park
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, Republic of Korea
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3
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Doherty JL, Noyce SG, Cheng Z, Abuzaid H, Franklin AD. Capping Layers to Improve the Electrical Stress Stability of MoS 2 Transistors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:35698-35706. [PMID: 32805797 PMCID: PMC7895421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer exciting possibilities for numerous applications, including next-generation sensors and field-effect transistors (FETs). With their atomically thin form factor, it is evident that molecular activity at the interfaces of 2D materials can shape their electronic properties. Although much attention has focused on engineering the contact and dielectric interfaces in 2D material-based transistors to boost their drive current, less is understood about how to tune these interfaces to improve the long-term stability of devices. In this work, we evaluated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) transistors under continuous electrical stress for periods lasting up to several days. During stress in ambient air, we observed temporary threshold voltage shifts that increased at higher gate voltages or longer stress durations, correlating to changes in interface trap states (ΔNit) of up to 1012 cm-2. By modifying the device to include either SU-8 or Al2O3 as an additional dielectric capping layer on top of the MoS2 channel, we were able to effectively reduce or even eliminate this unstable behavior. However, we found this encapsulating material must be selected carefully, as certain choices actually amplified instability or compromised device yield, as was the case for Al2O3, which reduced yield by 20% versus all other capping layers. Further refining these strategies to preserve stability in 2D devices will be crucial for their continued integration into future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L. Doherty
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Steven G. Noyce
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Hattan Abuzaid
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Aaron D. Franklin
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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4
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Abstract
Abstract
Layered semiconductors, such as MoS2, have attracted interest as channel materials for post-silicon and beyond-CMOS electronics. Much attention has been devoted to the monolayer limit, but the monolayer channel is not necessarily advantageous in terms of the performance of field-effect transistors (FETs). Therefore, it is important to investigate the characteristics of FETs that have multilayer channels. Here, we report the staircase-like transfer characteristics of FETs with exfoliated multilayer MoS2 flakes. Atomic force microscope characterizations reveal that the presence of thinner terraces at the edges of the flakes accompanies the staircase-like characteristics. The anomalous staircase-like characteristics are ascribable to a difference in threshold-voltage shift by charge transfer from surface adsorbates between the channel center and the thinner terrace at the edge. This study reveals the importance of the uniformity of channel thickness.
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5
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Lee N, Lee G, Choi H, Park H, Choi Y, Seo H, Ju H, Kim S, Sul O, Lee J, Lee SB, Jeon H. Layered deposition of SnS 2 grown by atomic layer deposition and its transport properties. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:405707. [PMID: 31247597 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab2d89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the layered deposition of few-layer tin disulfide (SnS2) using atomic layer deposition (ALD). By varying the ALD cycles it was possible to deposit poly-crystalline SnS2 with small variation in layer numbers. Based on the ALD technique, we developed the process technology growing few-layer crystalline SnS2 film (3-6 layers) and we investigated their electrical properties by fabricating bottom-gated thin film transistors using the ALD SnS2 as the transport channel. SnS2 devices showed typical n-type characteristic with on/off current ratio of ∼8.32 × 106, threshold voltage of ∼2 V, and a subthreshold swing value of 830 mV decade-1 for the 6 layers SnS2. The developed SnS2 ALD technique may aid the realization of two-dimensional SnS2 based flexible and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namgue Lee
- Department of Nanosclae Semiconductor Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Roh J, Ryu JH, Baek GW, Jung H, Seo SG, An K, Jeong BG, Lee DC, Hong BH, Bae WK, Lee JH, Lee C, Jin SH. Threshold Voltage Control of Multilayered MoS 2 Field-Effect Transistors via Octadecyltrichlorosilane and their Applications to Active Matrixed Quantum Dot Displays Driven by Enhancement-Mode Logic Gates. Small 2019; 15:e1803852. [PMID: 30637933 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent past, for next-generation device opportunities such as sub-10 nm channel field-effect transistors (FETs), tunneling FETs, and high-end display backplanes, tremendous research on multilayered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) among transition metal dichalcogenides has been actively performed. However, nonavailability on a matured threshold voltage control scheme, like a substitutional doping in Si technology, has been plagued for the prosperity of 2D materials in electronics. Herein, an adjustment scheme for threshold voltage of MoS2 FETs by using self-assembled monolayer treatment via octadecyltrichlorosilane is proposed and demonstrated to show MoS2 FETs in an enhancement mode with preservation of electrical parameters such as field-effect mobility, subthreshold swing, and current on-off ratio. Furthermore, the mechanisms for threshold voltage adjustment are systematically studied by using atomic force microscopy, Raman, temperature-dependent electrical characterization, etc. For validation of effects of threshold voltage engineering on MoS2 FETs, full swing inverters, comprising enhancement mode drivers and depletion mode loads are perfectly demonstrated with a maximum gain of 18.2 and a noise margin of ≈45% of 1/2 VDD . More impressively, quantum dot light-emitting diodes, driven by enhancement mode MoS2 FETs, stably demonstrate 120 cd m-2 at the gate-to-source voltage of 5 V, exhibiting promising opportunities for future display application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongkyun Roh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Ryu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Incheon National University, Academy-ro, Yeongsu-gu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Woo Baek
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyoung Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gi Seo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Incheon National University, Academy-ro, Yeongsu-gu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunsik An
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Guk Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doh C Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Ki Bae
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Incheon National University, Academy-ro, Yeongsu-gu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hun Jin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Xu J, Wen M, Zhao X, Liu L, Song X, Lai PT, Tang WM. Effects of HfO 2 encapsulation on electrical performances of few-layered MoS 2 transistor with ALD HfO 2 as back-gate dielectric. Nanotechnology 2018; 29:345201. [PMID: 29808825 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The carrier mobility of MoS2 transistors can be greatly improved by the screening role of high-k gate dielectric. In this work, atomic-layer deposited (ALD) HfO2 annealed in NH3 is used to replace SiO2 as the gate dielectric to fabricate back-gated few-layered MoS2 transistors, and good electrical properties are achieved with field-effect mobility (μ) of 19.1 cm2 V-1 s-1, subthreshold swing (SS) of 123.6 mV dec-1 and on/off ratio of 3.76 × 105. Furthermore, enhanced device performance is obtained when the surface of the MoS2 channel is coated by an ALD HfO2 layer with different thicknesses (10, 15 and 20 nm), where the transistor with a 15 nm HfO2 encapsulation layer exhibits the best overall electrical properties: μ = 42.1 cm2 V-1 s-1, SS = 87.9 mV dec-1 and on/off ratio of 2.72 × 106. These improvements should be associated with the enhanced screening effect on charged-impurity scattering and protection from absorption of environmental gas molecules by the high-k encapsulation. The capacitance equivalent thickness of the back-gate dielectric (HfO2) is only 6.58 nm, which is conducive to scaling of the MoS2 transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Xu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Jiang J, Guo J, Wan X, Yang Y, Xie H, Niu D, Yang J, He J, Gao Y, Wan Q. 2D MoS 2 Neuromorphic Devices for Brain-Like Computational Systems. Small 2017; 13:1700933. [PMID: 28561996 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hardware implementation of artificial synapses/neurons with 2D solid-state devices is of great significance for nanoscale brain-like computational systems. Here, 2D MoS2 synaptic/neuronal transistors are fabricated by using poly(vinyl alcohol) as the laterally coupled, proton-conducting electrolytes. Fundamental synaptic functions, such as an excitatory postsynaptic current, paired-pulse facilitation, and a dynamic filter for information transmission of biological synapse, are successfully emulated. Most importantly, with multiple input gates and one modulatory gate, spiking-dependent logic operation/modulation, multiplicative neural coding, and neuronal gain modulation are also experimentally demonstrated. The results indicate that the intriguing 2D MoS2 transistors are also very promising for the next-generation of nanoscale neuromorphic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Xiang Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haipeng Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Dongmei Niu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Junliang Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Jun He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Yongli Gao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Qing Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
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Chee SS, Oh C, Son M, Son GC, Jang H, Yoo TJ, Lee S, Lee W, Hwang JY, Choi H, Lee BH, Ham MH. Sulfur vacancy-induced reversible doping of transition metal disulfides via hydrazine treatment. Nanoscale 2017; 9:9333-9339. [PMID: 28463375 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01883e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemical doping of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has drawn significant interest because of its applicability to the modification of electrical and optical properties of TMDCs. This is of fundamental and technological importance for high-efficiency electronic and optoelectronic devices. Here, we present a simple and facile route to reversible and controllable modulation of the electrical and optical properties of WS2 and MoS2via hydrazine doping and sulfur annealing. Hydrazine treatment of WS2 improves the field-effect mobilities, on/off current ratios, and photoresponsivities of the devices. This is due to the surface charge transfer doping of WS2 and the sulfur vacancies formed by its reduction, which result in an n-type doping effect. The changes in the electrical and optical properties are fully recovered when the WS2 is annealed in an atmosphere of sulfur. This method for reversible modulation can be applied to other transition metal disulfides including MoS2, which may enable the fabrication of two-dimensional electronic and optoelectronic devices with tunable properties and improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Chee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Xu J, Chen L, Dai YW, Cao Q, Sun QQ, Ding SJ, Zhu H, Zhang DW. A two-dimensional semiconductor transistor with boosted gate control and sensing ability. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1602246. [PMID: 28560330 PMCID: PMC5438220 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Transistors with exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) materials on a SiO2/Si substrate have been applied and have been proven effective in a wide range of applications, such as circuits, memory, photodetectors, gas sensors, optical modulators, valleytronics, and spintronics. However, these devices usually suffer from limited gate control because of the thick SiO2 gate dielectric and the lack of reliable transfer method. We introduce a new back-gate transistor scheme fabricated on a novel Al2O3/ITO (indium tin oxide)/SiO2/Si "stack" substrate, which was engineered with distinguishable optical identification of exfoliated 2D materials. High-quality exfoliated 2D materials could be easily obtained and recognized on this stack. Two typical 2D materials, MoS2 and ReS2, were implemented to demonstrate the enhancement of gate controllability. Both transistors show excellent electrical characteristics, including steep subthreshold swing (62 mV dec-1 for MoS2 and 83 mV dec-1 for ReS2), high mobility (61.79 cm2 V-1 s-1 for MoS2 and 7.32 cm2 V-1 s-1 for ReS2), large on/off ratio (~107), and reasonable working gate bias (below 3 V). Moreover, MoS2 and ReS2 photodetectors fabricated on the basis of the scheme have impressively leading photoresponsivities of 4000 and 760 A W-1 in the depletion area, respectively, and both have exceeded 106 A W-1 in the accumulation area, which is the best ever obtained. This opens up a suite of applications of this novel platform in 2D materials research with increasing needs of enhanced gate control.
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Kang M, Rathi S, Lee I, Li L, Khan MA, Lim D, Lee Y, Park J, Yun SJ, Youn DH, Jun C, Kim GH. Tunable electrical properties of multilayer HfSe 2 field effect transistors by oxygen plasma treatment. Nanoscale 2017; 9:1645-1652. [PMID: 28074961 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08467b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
HfSe2 field effect transistors are systematically studied in order to selectively tune their electrical properties by optimizing layer thickness and oxygen plasma treatment. The optimized plasma-treated HfSe2 field effect transistors showed a high on/off ratio improvement of four orders of magnitude, from 27 to 105, a field effect mobility increase from 2.16 to 3.04 cm2 V-1 s-1, a subthreshold swing improvement from 30.6 to 4.8 V dec-1, and a positive threshold voltage shift between depletion mode and enhancement mode, from -7.02 to 11.5 V. The plasma-treated HfSe2 photodetector also demonstrates a reasonable photoresponsivity from the visible to the near-infrared region of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonshik Kang
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. and Manufacturing Engineering Team, Memory Division, Samsung Electronics Co., Hwasung 18448, Republic of Korea
| | - Servin Rathi
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inyeal Lee
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lijun Li
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Atif Khan
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongsuk Lim
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoontae Lee
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinwoo Park
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Jin Yun
- ICT Components and Materials Technology Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Hyeb Youn
- ICT Components and Materials Technology Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungsam Jun
- Manufacturing Engineering Team, Memory Division, Samsung Electronics Co., Hwasung 18448, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Ho Kim
- College of Information and Communication Engineering and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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