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Liu Z, Ye J, Zhang R, Li Y, Guan F, Zhang T, Huang J, Min X, Zhang T. Fractionation and antioxidation activities of polysaccharides from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. Food Chem 2024; 439:138050. [PMID: 38029566 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Zanthoxylum bungeanum has a lengthy history of widespread use as a food ingredient in China. However, the composition of Zanthoxylum bungeanum polysaccharide remains ambiguous, and the antioxidant effect has received limited attention. This study aimed to extract water-soluble polysaccharide from the dried pericarp of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, referred to as WZBP, which was fractionated into a neutral component (WZBP-N) and three pectic components (WZBP-A-I, WZBP-A-II, WZBP-A-III). The findings indicated that WZBP-A-III is a pectic polysaccharide "smooth region" without many side chains. All components of WZBP exhibited a notable capacity for scavenging free radicals, with WZBP-A-III demonstrating the most potent antioxidation activity, and WZBP-A-III also observed to effectively extend the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These results provide valuable insight and direction for future research on Zanthoxylum bungeanum polysaccharide as an antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jingyu Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Renqun Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Fanqi Guan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Zheng G, Wang Z, Wei J, Zhao J, Zhang C, Mi J, Zong Y, Liu G, Wang Y, Xu X, Zeng S. Fruit development and ripening orchestrating the biosynthesis and regulation of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in goji berry. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127970. [PMID: 37944729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are the primary bioactive components in fruits of L. barbarum, commonly known as goji berry. Despite significant progress in understanding the chemical structures and health benefits of LBPs, the biosynthesis and regulation of LBPs in goji berry remains largely unknown. In this study, physiological indicators, including LBPs, were monitored in goji berry during fruit development and ripening (FDR), suggesting that pectin might be the major component of LBPs with increased content reaching 235.8 mg/g DW. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis show that 6410 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 2052 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified with overrepresentation of flavonoids and polysaccharides-related gene ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that LBPs coexpress with genes involved in pectin biosynthesis (LbGALS3, LbGATL5, LbQUA1, LbGAUT1/4/7, LbRGGAT1, LbRRT1/7, and LbRHM2), modification (LbSBT1.7), and regulation (LbAP2, LbGL2 LbTLP2, LbERF4, and LbTTG2), as well as with novel transcription factors (LbSPL9 and LbRIN homologs) and glycosyltransferases. Transgenic hairy roots overexpressing LbRIN validated that LbRIN modulate the expression of WGCNA-predicted regulators, including LbERF4, LbTTG2, and LbSPL9. These findings suggest that the biosynthesis and regulation of LBPs is conserved partially to those in Arabidopsis pectin. Taken together, this study provides valuable insights into the biosynthesis and regulation of LBPs, which can facilitate future studies on synthetic biology applications and genetic improvement of LBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jinrong Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Juanhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
| | - Juanjuan Mi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
| | - Yuan Zong
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, China.
| | - Genhong Liu
- College of Agricultural Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Xing Xu
- College of Agricultural Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
| | - Shaohua Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Song L, Zhang S. Anti-Aging Activity and Modes of Action of Compounds from Natural Food Sources. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1600. [PMID: 38002283 PMCID: PMC10669485 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural and inescapable phenomenon characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological functions, leading to increased vulnerability to chronic diseases and death. With economic and medical development, the elderly population is gradually increasing, which poses a great burden to society, the economy and the medical field. Thus, healthy aging has now become a common aspiration among people over the world. Accumulating evidence indicates that substances that can mediate the deteriorated physiological processes are highly likely to have the potential to prolong lifespan and improve aging-associated diseases. Foods from natural sources are full of bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, carotenoids, sterols, terpenoids and vitamins. These bioactive compounds and their derivatives have been shown to be able to delay aging and/or improve aging-associated diseases, thereby prolonging lifespan, via regulation of various physiological processes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the anti-aging activities of the compounds, polysaccharides, polyphenols, carotenoids, sterols, terpenoids and vitamins from natural food sources, and their modes of action in delaying aging and improving aging-associated diseases. This will certainly provide a reference for further research on the anti-aging effects of bioactive compounds from natural food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Song
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Zhangjiakou, College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China;
| | - Shicui Zhang
- College of Life and Geographic Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau, Kashi 844000, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
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Zheng J, Luo Z, Chiu K, Li Y, Yang J, Zhou Q, So KF, Wan QL. Lycium barbarum glycopetide prolong lifespan and alleviate Parkinson's disease in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1156265. [PMID: 37469953 PMCID: PMC10353607 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1156265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lycium barbarum glycopeptide (LbGp) is the main bioactive compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine. L. barbarum berries and has been proven to have numerous health benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cytoprotective activities. However, the antiaging effect of LbGp remains unknown. Methods The lifespan and body movement of C. elegans were used to evaluate the effect of LbGp on lifespan and health span. The thrashing assay was used to determine the role of LbGp in Parkinson's disease. To investigate the mechanisms of LbGp-induced antiaging effects, we analyzed changes in lifespan, movement, and the expression of longevity-related genes in a series of worm mutants after LbGp treatment. Results We found that LbGp treatment prolonged the lifespan and health span of C. elegans. Mechanistically, we found that LbGp could activate the transcription factors DAF-16/FOXO, SKN-1/Nrf2, and HSF-1, as well as the nuclear receptor DAF-12, thereby upregulating longevity-related genes to achieve lifespan extension. In addition, we found that the lifespan extension induced by LbGp partially depends on mitochondrial function. Intriguingly, LbGp also ameliorated neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease in a DAF-16-, SKN-1-, and HSF-1-dependent manner. Conclusion Our work suggests that LbGp might be a viable candidate for the treatment and prevention of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhuan Luo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kin Chiu
- State Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Faculty of Medical Science, The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Faculty of Medical Science, The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of Central Nervous System (CNS) Regeneration, Ministry of Education Central Nervous System (CNS) Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin-Li Wan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Deng R, Wang F, Wang L, Xiong L, Shen X, Song H. Advances in Plant Polysaccharides as Antiaging Agents: Effects and Signaling Mechanisms. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:7175-7191. [PMID: 37155561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging refers to the gradual physiological changes that occur in an organism after reaching adulthood, resulting in senescence and a decline in biological functions, ultimately leading to death. Epidemiological evidence shows that aging is a driving factor in the developing of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, immune system disorders, cancer, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Natural plant polysaccharides have emerged as crucial food components in delaying the aging process. Therefore, it is essential to continuously investigate plant polysaccharides as potential sources of new pharmaceuticals for aging. Modern pharmacological research indicates that plant polysaccharides can exert antiaging effects by scavenging free radicals, increasing telomerase activity, regulating apoptosis, enhancing immunity, inhibiting glycosylation, improving mitochondrial dysfunction regulating gene expression, activating autophagy, and modulating gut microbiota. Moreover, the antiaging activity of plant polysaccharides is mediated by one or more signaling pathways, including IIS, mTOR, Nrf2, NF-κB, Sirtuin, p53, MAPK, and UPR signaling pathways. This review summarizes the antiaging properties of plant polysaccharides and signaling pathways participating in the polysaccharide-regulating aging process. Finally, we discuss the structure-activity relationships of antiaging polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
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Sun Y, Meng X, Hu X, Liu R, Zhao Z, Wang S, Zhang R, Guo K, Luo L. Dietary supplementation with Lycium barbarum polysaccharides conducive to maintaining the health of Luciobarbus capito via the enhancement of enzyme activities and the modulation of gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123500. [PMID: 36736520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is the main active component of Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum), which has important medicinal and nutritional value. However, the effect of LBP treatment on Luciobarbus capito (L. capito) still remains unknown. Given this, the current work aims to probe the underlying effect of different levels of LBP treatment (i.e. 0.10, 0.50 and 1.00 g/L) on L. capito in the context of enzymatic activity analysis, histological observations and gut microbiota analysis. Compared with control group, the activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes, intestinal digestive enzymes and hepatic immune enzyme were found to be significantly increased after 0.10 g/L LBP and 0.50 g/L LBP treatment (P < 0.05). This result indicated that moderate levels of LBP treatment could dramatically enhance the immunity and antioxidant capacity of L. capito. Furthermore, the compositional structures of the gut microbiota in L. capito were found to be greatly shaped after LBP treatment, whereas the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota were only found to be slightly changed (P > 0.05). No significant changes were screened in the morphologic structures of gut constructions. This work would provide theoretical and experimental basis for future application of LBP as supplement in the culture process of the farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China.
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China; Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China; Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Shihui Wang
- Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Kun Guo
- Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Liang Luo
- Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, PR China.
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Kang AW, Sun C, Li HT, Zhong K, Zeng XH, Gu ZF, Li BQ, Zhang XN, Gao JL, Chen TX. Puerarin extends the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster by activating autophagy. Food Funct 2023; 14:2149-2161. [PMID: 36752212 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02800j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lifespan longevity has attracted increasing attention with societal development. To counter the effects of aging on longevity, we focused on the natural chemicals of plants. In this study, we investigated the effects of puerarin supplementation on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. Puerarin supplementation significantly extended the lifespan of D. melanogaster at 60 μM and 120 μM by upregulating proteasome subunit beta 5 (prosbeta5) and sirtuin-1 (Sirt1). However, puerarin-induced longevity of male flies (F0 generation) may not be passed on to descendants. Additionally, a puerarin diet for 10 and 25 days did not influence the body weight and food intake of male Canton-S flies. Puerarin significantly improved the climbing ability, starvation resistance, and oxidation resistance of male flies by upregulating the expression of Shaker, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and Methuselah, and downregulating poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP-1) and major heat shock 70 kDa protein Aa (HSP70). Moreover, 120 μM puerarin supplementation for 25 days significantly increased adenosine 5' triphosphate (ATP) content by increasing adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels. Additionally, the puerarin diet for 25 days suppressed male fecundity in male flies by decreasing the levels of Bam and Punt. Mechanistically, puerarin enhanced lysosome-involved autophagy by promoting the expression of lysosome markers [β-galactosidase and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1)], and elevating the levels of autophagy-related genes, including autophagy-associated gene 1 (ATG1), ATG5, and ATG8b. However, puerarin decreased the phosphorylation of the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein. In conclusion, puerarin is a promising compound for improving the longevity of D. melanogaster by activating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Wen Kang
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Chi Sun
- Research Center of Gerontology and Longevity, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China. .,Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hai-Tao Li
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhong
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xu-Hui Zeng
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Gu
- Research Center of Gerontology and Longevity, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Bing-Qian Li
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Ning Zhang
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Lin Gao
- Research Center of Gerontology and Longevity, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Tian-Xing Chen
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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Guo X, Luo J, Qi J, Zhao X, An P, Luo Y, Wang G. The Role and Mechanism of Polysaccharides in Anti-Aging. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245330. [PMID: 36558488 PMCID: PMC9785760 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly proportion of the population is gradually increasing, which poses a great burden to society, the economy, and the medical field. Aging is a physiological process involving multiple organs and numerous reactions, and therefore it is not easily explained or defined. At present, a growing number of studies are focused on the mechanisms of aging and potential strategies to delay aging. Some clinical drugs have been demonstrated to have anti-aging effects; however, many still have deficits with respect to safety and long-term use. Polysaccharides are natural and efficient biological macromolecules that act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and immune regulators. Not surprisingly, these molecules have recently gained attention for their potential use in anti-aging therapies. In fact, multiple polysaccharides have been found to have excellent anti-aging effects in different animal models including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mice. The anti-aging qualities of polysaccharides have been linked to several mechanisms, such as improved antioxidant capacity, regulation of age-related gene expression, and improved immune function. Here, we summarize the current findings from research related to anti-aging polysaccharides based on various models, with a focus on the main anti-aging mechanisms of oxidative damage, age-related genes and pathways, immune modulation, and telomere attrition. This review aims to provide a reference for further research on anti-aging polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junjie Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingyi Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiya Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng An
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongting Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Guisheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (G.W.)
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Cao C, Wang Z, Gong G, Huang W, Huang L, Song S, Zhu B. Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides on Immunity and Metabolic Syndrome Associated with the Modulation of Gut Microbiota: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:3177. [DOI: 10.3390/foods11203177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) have attracted increasing attention due to their multiple pharmacological activities and physiological functions. Recently, both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the biological effects of dietary LBPs are related to the regulation of gut microbiota. Supplementation with LBPs could modulate the composition of microbial communities, and simultaneously influence the levels of active metabolites, thus exerting their beneficial effects on host health. Interestingly, LBPs with diverse chemical structures may enrich or reduce certain specific intestinal microbes. The present review summarizes the extraction, purification, and structural types of LBPs and the regulation effects of LBPs on the gut microbiome and their derived metabolites. Furthermore, the health promoting effects of LBPs on host bidirectional immunity (e.g., immune enhancement and immune inflammation suppression) and metabolic syndrome (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) by targeting gut microbiota are also discussed based on their structural types. The contents presented in this review might help to better understand the health benefits of LBPs targeting gut microbiota and provide a scientific basis to further clarify the structure–function relationship of LBPs.
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Zhao C, Zhao H, Zhang C, Yang X, Chen K, Xue Y, Li Q, Deng S, Cai H. Impact of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the expression of glucagon-like peptide 1 in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Feng Y, Song Y, Zhou J, Duan Y, Kong T, Ma H, Zhang H. Recent progress of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on intestinal microbiota, microbial metabolites and health: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2917-2940. [PMID: 36168931 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2128037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is symbiotically associated with host health, learning about the characteristics of microbiota and the factors that modulate it could assist in developing strategies to promote human health and prevent diseases. Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum (LBPs) are found beneficial for enhancing the activity of gut microbiota, as a potential prebiotic, which not only participates in improving body immunity, obesity, hyperlipidemia and systemic inflammation induced by oxidative stress, but also plays a magnificent role in regulating intestinal microenvironment and improving host health and target intestinal effects via its biological activities, as well as gut microbiota and metabolites. To highlight the internal relationship between intestinal microbiota and LBPs, this review focuses on the latest advances in LBPs on the intestinal microbiota, metabolites, immune regulation, intestinal barrier protection, microbiota-gut-brain axis and host health. Moreover, the preparation, structure, bioactivity and modification of LBPs were also discussed. This review may offer new perspective on LBPs improving health of gut and host via intestinal microbiota, and provide useful guidelines for the application of LBPs in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yating Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tianyu Kong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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12
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Yang C, Zhao Q, Li S, Pu L, Yu L, Liu Y, Lai X. Effects of Lycium barbarum L. Polysaccharides on Vascular Retinopathy: An Insight Review. Molecules 2022; 27:5628. [PMID: 36080395 PMCID: PMC9457721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular retinopathy is a pathological change in the retina caused by ocular or systemic vascular diseases that can lead to blurred vision and the risk of blindness. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are extracted from the fruit of traditional Chinese medicine, L. barbarum. They have strong biological activities, including immune regulation, antioxidation, and neuroprotection, and have been shown to improve vision in numerous studies. At present, there is no systematic literature review of LBPs on vascular retinal prevention and treatment. We review the structural characterization and extraction methods of LBPs, focus on the mechanism and pharmacokinetics of LBPs in improving vascular retinopathy, and discuss the future clinical application and lack of work. LBPs are involved in the regulation of VEGF, Rho/ROCK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Nrf2/HO-1, AGEs/RAGE signaling pathways, which can alleviate the occurrence and development of vascular retinal diseases in an inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and neuroprotection. LBPs are mainly absorbed by the small intestine and stomach and excreted through urine and feces. Their low bioavailability in vivo has led to the development of novel dosage forms, including multicompartment delivery systems and scaffolds. Data from the literature confirm the medicinal potential of LBPs as a new direction for the prevention and complementary treatment of vascular retinopathy.
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Wang B, Han L, Liu J, Zhang J, Wang W, Li B, Dong C, Bai C. Lycium Genus Polysaccharide: An Overview of its Extraction, Structures, Pharmacological Activities and Biological Applications. SEPARATIONS 2022; 9:197. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9080197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide is considered to be the main active ingredient of the genus Lycium L., which is taken from the dried fruit of the famous Chinese herbal medicine and precious tonic known as wolfberry. Traditional uses include nourishing the liver and kidney and improving eyesight, with widespread use in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Many studies have focused on the isolation and identification of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide and its biological activities. However, the variety of raw materials and the mechanisms of polysaccharides differ. After extraction, the structure and biological activity of the obtained polysaccharides also differ. To date, approximately 58 kinds of polysaccharides have been isolated and purified from the Lycium genus, including water-soluble polysaccharides; homogeneous polysaccharides; pectin polysaccharides; acidic heteropolysaccharides; and arabinogalactans, which are composed of arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, ribose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. Pharmacological studies have shown that LBPs exhibit a variety of important biological activities, such as protection of nerves; promotion of reproduction; and anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and eyesight-improving activities. The aim this paper is to summarize previous and current references to the isolation process, structural characteristics, and biological activities of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide. This review will provide a useful reference for further research and application of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide in the field of functional food and medicine.
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Wang Q, Yang Z, Zhuang J, Zhang J, Shen F, Yu P, Zhong H, Feng F. Antiaging function of Chinese pond turtle (Chinemys reevesii) peptide through activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and its structure-activity relationship. Front Nutr 2022; 9:961922. [PMID: 35938097 PMCID: PMC9355154 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.961922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese pond turtle is a traditional nourishing food with high nutritional value and bioactivity and has been considered a dietary remedy for prolonging the lifespan since ancient times. However, only limited information about their effects on longevity is available. This study was performed to assess the antioxidant activities and antiaging potential of Chinese pond turtle peptide (CPTP) using Drosophila melanogaster model and uncover the possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects. CPTP exhibited excellent antioxidant capability in vitro with IC50 values of 3.31, 1.93, and 9.52 mg/ml for 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and hydroxyl radical scavenging, respectively. In vivo, 0.8% of CPTP significantly extended the mean and median lifespan of female flies by 7.66 and 7.85%, followed by enhanced resistance to oxidative and heat stress. Besides, CPTP remarkably increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and diminished the peroxide product accumulation. Furthermore, CPTP upregulated the relative mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes, including nuclear factor-erythroid-2-like 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target genes, while downregulated the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Taken together, CPTP displayed promising potential in both antioxidant and antiaging effects on flies by targeting the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. Further peptide sequence determination revealed that 89.23% of peptides from the identified sequences in CPTP could exert potential inhibitory effects on Keap1. Among these peptides, ten representative peptide sequences could actively interact with the binding sites of Keap1-Nrf2 interaction through hydrogen bonds, van der Walls, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions. Conclusively, CPTP could be utilized as health-promoting bioactive peptide with antioxidant and antiaging capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zherui Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Zhuang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Yuyao Lengjiang Turtle Industry, Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Zhong,
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Fengqin Feng,
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15
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Zhao Q, Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Wang C, Li K, Jin Z, Qiao J, Liu M. Studies on the Regulation and Molecular Mechanism of Panax Ginseng Saponins on Senescence and Related Behaviors of Drosophila melanogaster. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:870326. [PMID: 35795238 PMCID: PMC9252430 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.870326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In an increasingly aged global population, achieving healthy life expectancy through natural and safe drug interventions is highly desirable. Here we show that total ginsenosides (TGGR), the main active components in the traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng, promote longevity across species. In Drosophila, an intriguing effect of TGGR on lifespan was the relatively narrow treatment window to elicit long-term benefits. TGGR administration during early adulthood, and especially during midlife, was sufficient to extend lifespan in both sexes. TGGR did not increase lifespan by reducing food intake or reproductive capacity; rather, TGGR increased the fertility of male Drosophila. TGGR augmented healthspan readouts associated with youth and with healthy aging, such as motility, intestinal barrier integrity, and biorhythm homeostasis. TGGR treatment also improved some types of stress resistance in both sexes, including increased tolerance to starvation and oxidation, and shifting “aged” gene expression patterns toward “healthy” patterns seen in the young. Gene expression, pharmacological and genetic epistatic analyses demonstrated that TGGR effects require normal expression of genes involved in insulin, TOR and MAPK signaling. The positive effects of TGGR on both healthspan and lifespan, coupled with its mechanism of action via evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways, demonstrate it to be a promising anti-aging drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuchu Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Keqiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zecheng Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Juhui Qiao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Juhui Qiao,
| | - Meichen Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Meichen Liu,
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Du X, Wang Y, Wang J, Liu X, Chen J, Kang J, Yang X, Wang H. d-Chiro-Inositol extends the lifespan of male Drosophila melanogaster better than d-Pinitol through insulin signaling and autophagy pathways. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Huang R, Wu E, Deng X. Potential of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide for the control of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders: a review. International Journal of Food Properties 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2057529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Enhui Wu
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou China
| | - Xiangliang Deng
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou China
- Department of Basic Teaching and Research Section of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu China
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18
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Arif MU, Khan MKI, Riaz S, Nazir A, Maan AA, Amin U, Saeed F, Afzaal M. Role of fruits in aging and age-related disorders. Exp Gerontol 2022; 162:111763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Huang W, Zhao M, Wang X, Tian Y, Wang C, Sun J, Wang Z, Gong G, Huang L. Revisiting the structure of arabinogalactan from Lycium barbarum and the impact of its side chain on anti-ageing activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 286:119282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Shen C, Wang T, Guo F, Sun K, Wang B, Wang J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Chen Y. Structural characterization and intestinal protection activity of polysaccharides from Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 274:118648. [PMID: 34702467 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries are rich in various bioactive components and widely used as fruit and traditional medicine. In this study, a novel heteropolysaccharide fraction (SP0.1-1) was isolated from Sea buckthorn berries. SP0.1-1 is composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, and arabinose in the molar ratio of 1:2.3:1.9:11.2 with a core structure containing 1,4-linked-α-d-Glcp, 1,4,6-linked-α-d-Glcp and 1,4-linked-α-d-Manp residues as the backbone. And the side-chains comprised of 1,3,5-linked-α-l-Araf, 1,5-linked-α-l-Araf, terminal α-Araf and 1,4-linked-β-d-Galp. Furthermore, a diet supplemented with SP0.1-1 extended the mean lifespan, enhanced antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px; and catalase, CAT) activities, and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced mortality rate in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). To summarize, the study's findings will provide evidence for the development of sea buckthorn polysaccharide products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Wang
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Guo
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunlai Sun
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefeng Zhang
- BeiGene Company, 6 Jianguomenwai Avenue, Central International Trade Center 22nd Floor, Tower D Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqin Zhao
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yin Chen
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316000, People's Republic of China.
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Cao C, Zhu B, Liu Z, Wang X, Ai C, Gong G, Hu M, Huang L, Song S. An arabinogalactan from Lycium barbarum attenuates DSS-induced chronic colitis in C57BL/6J mice associated with the modulation of intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:9829-9843. [PMID: 34664587 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01200b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an incurable chronic inflammation of the enteric tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of arabinogalactan from Lycium barbarum on DSS-induced chronic colitis. A homogeneous arabinogalactan was isolated and purified from L. barbarum, named LBP-3, which mainly consisted of arabinose and galactose with a molar ratio of 1.00 : 0.82. LBP-3 treatment remarkably alleviated body weight loss, histopathological damage and the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes in UC mice. Additionally, the intestinal barrier integrity was partially recovered by the up-regulated expression of MUC2 and tight junction proteins. Moreover, the gut microbiota shift was reversed by LBP-3 administration by enriching potential probiotic bacteria (e.g., Ruminococcaceae) and inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria (e.g., Enterobacteriaceae). Furthermore, SCFAs, as major metabolites of LBP-3 fermentation by gut microbiota, were also promoted so as to maintain relatively favorable intestinal homeostasis. Overall, our findings suggested LBP-3 from L. barbarum could be a potential therapeutic candidate against UC via improving intestinal barrier function and partially restoring gut microbiota and its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Cao
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China. .,Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhengqi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xue Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China. .,Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Guiping Gong
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Minghua Hu
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Jiangmen 529156, Guangdong, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China. .,Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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22
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Ni J, Au M, Kong H, Wang X, Wen C. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in ageing and its potential use for prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:212. [PMID: 34404395 PMCID: PMC8371808 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), the most abundant functional component of wolfberry, is considered a potent antioxidant and an anti-ageing substance. This review aims to outline the hallmarks of ageing in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), followed by the current understanding of the senolytic effect of LBP and its potential use in the prevention and treatment of OA. This will be discussed through the lens of molecular biology and herbal medicine. METHODS A literature search was performed from inception to March 2020 using following keywords: "Lycium barbarum polysaccharide", "DNA damage", antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-ageing, osteoarthritis, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and "bone mesenchymal stem cell". The initial search yielded 2287 papers, from which 35 studies were selected for final analysis after screening for topic relevancy by the authors. RESULTS In literature different in vitro and in vivo ageing models are used to demonstrate LBP's ability to reduce oxidative stress, restore mitochondrial function, mitigate DNA damage, and prevent cellular senescence. All the evidence hints that LBP theoretically attenuates senescent cell accumulation and suppresses the senescence-associated secretory phenotype as observed by the reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-1beta, and matrix-degrading enzymes, such as MMP-1 and MMP-13. However, there remains a lack of evidence on the disease-modifying effect of LBP in OA, although its chondroprotective, osteoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects were reported. CONCLUSION Our findings strongly support further investigations into the senolytic effect of LBP in the context of age-related OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Manting Au
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hangkin Kong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Centre for Translational Medical Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shen Zhen, China
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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23
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Xiao Z, Deng Q, Zhou W, Zhang Y. Immune activities of polysaccharides isolated from Lycium barbarum L. What do we know so far? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 229:107921. [PMID: 34174277 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum is widely used as a functional food and medicinal herb to promote health and longevity in China and in some other Asian countries. In modern pharmacological and chemical studies, the most valuable and well-researched component of L. barbarum is a group of unique water-soluble glycoconjugates that are collectively termed Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs). Numerous modern pharmacological studies have revealed that LBPs possess antiaging, antidiabetic, antifibrotic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulation properties, while the immunomodulatory effect is primary and is involved in other activities. However, due to their structural heterogeneity and lack of chromophores, it has long been unclear how LBPs work on the immune system. A few studies have recently provided some insights into the proposed mode of action of LBPs, such as structure-activity relationships, receptor recognition, and gut microbiota modulation of LBPs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the immunoregulating properties of LBPs and their related mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China.
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Ma C, Li Q, Dai X. Carrageenan Oligosaccharides Extend Life Span and Health Span in Male Drosophila Melanogaster by Modulating Antioxidant Activity, Immunity, and Gut Microbiota. J Med Food 2021; 24:101-109. [PMID: 33449862 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrageenan oligosaccharide (CAO), the hydrolysate of carrageenan from marine red algae, is used as a prebiotic additive or medical material. In this study, male Drosophila melanogaster was used as an animal model to explore the possibility that CAO can extend the life span through its relationship with antioxidation, immunity, and gut microbiota in vivo. The results show that a certain amount of CAO effectively prolonged the average life span and improved the climbing vitality and fecundity of male Drosophila. In addition, 0.125% CAO in the diet significantly increased the activity of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) and catalase (CAT), reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and significantly repressed the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) gene in old male Drosophila tissues. In the intestinal microbiota analysis, 0.125% CAO in the diet increased the diversity of gut microbiota and improved the abundance of Commensalibacter at the genus level in Drosophila on the 40th day. The above results indicated that CAO supplementation could extend the life span of male Drosophila by improving antioxidant activity, immunity, and by regulating intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianjun Dai
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yi Y, Xu W, Fan Y, Wang HX. Drosophila as an emerging model organism for studies of food-derived antioxidants. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110307. [PMID: 33992327 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with antioxidants provides health benefits by preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and damage. Consequently, there has been growing interest in the study of antioxidative foods and their active ingredients. Oxidative stress and antioxidative responses are mechanistically conserved from Drosophila to mammals. Therefore, as a well-established model organism with a short life cycle and advantages of genetic manipulation, the fruit fly has been increasingly employed to assess functions of antioxidants in vivo. In this review, the antioxidative defense mechanisms, methods used and assays developed in Drosophila to evaluate antioxidant supplementation, are highlighted. The main manifestations of antioxidation include reduction of reactive species, up-regulation of endogenous antioxidants, inhibition on oxidative damage to biomacromolecules, enhanced resistance against oxidative stress and extension of lifespan, which are related to the activations of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element pathway and other adaptive responses. Moreover, the key considerations and future perspectives for the application of Drosophila models in the studies of food-derived antioxidants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yi
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yun Fan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Hong-Xun Wang
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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26
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Yue Y, Wang M, Feng Z, Zhu Y, Chen J. Antiaging effects of rice protein hydrolysates on Drosophila melanogaster. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13602. [PMID: 33587316 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rice protein hydrolysates (RPH) prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis have plenty of bioactive functions. Herein, we investigated the antiaging effect of RPH on Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) and its mechanisms. According to the results, fruit flies reared on 0.2% and 3.2% RP-supplement diet prolonged their average lifespan, 50% survival days, and the maximum lifespan, together with increasing superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity compared to those reared on basal diet. Further studies showed the lifespan extending effect of RPH was regulated by the cooperation with the intrinsic stress protection system (Nrf2/Keap1), age-related signaling pathway (TOR, S6K) and the expression of longevity genes (methuselah). In conclusion, the lifespan extending effect of RPH makes it possible to be applied in food and healthcare industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In previous studies, rice protein hydrolysates (RPH) have been found to have strong antioxidant properties. But so far, most researches focused on the preparation, identification and in vitro antioxidant experiments of RPH, and there is still a lack of researches on its effect on the antioxidant system of fruit flies and the antiaging of fruit flies. This report showed that RPH enhanced the antioxidant system and prolonged the lifespan of Drosophila, which might help us rationally use rice peptides in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yue
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyun Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianchu Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Ding Y, Chen D, Yan Y, Chen G, Ran L, Mi J, Lu L, Zeng X, Cao Y. Effects of long-term consumption of polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum on host's health. Food Res Int 2021; 139:109913. [PMID: 33509480 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum (LBPs) are functional molecules with diverse biological functions in vivo and in vitro. This study investigated the long-term consumption of LBPs on host's health in BALB/c mice. Six-week-old male mice (n = 10 each group) were fed either a normal control (NC) diet or supplemented with 200 mg/kg (body weight)/d of LBPs for 14 weeks. Compared with the NC diet, the LBPs diet enhanced the expression of mucin 2 and Claudin5, improved the intestinal barrier morphologically, moreover, promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and strongly increased the production of short-chain fatty acids and IgA (p < 0.05). Feeding LBPs increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione in the serum, liver and spleen while decreased the levels of alanine aminotransferase and lysozyme in serum and spleen. Besides, the LBPs diet increased the expression of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 and related mRNA but decreased the level of lysozyme. To sum up, chronic intake of LBPs in BALB/c mice improved the oxidation resistance, changed the immune status especially promoted the intestinal immunity. These results may have important implications for LBPs as functional food supplement and for realizing the potential value of LBPs for host's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Linwu Ran
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China.
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Chen X, Wang Y, Shen M, Yu Q, Chen Y, Huang L, Xie J. The water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides from natural resources against excessive oxidative stress: A potential health-promoting effect and its mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:320-30. [PMID: 33421468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides isolated from natural resources have become research hotpots in the field of food science and human health due to widely distributed in nature and low toxicity. It has indicated that the health-promoting effect of water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides were partly attributable to against excessive oxidative stress. Indeed, excessive oxidative stress in the body has been reported in occurrence of disease. The water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides from natural resources exhibit antioxidant activity to against oxidative stress via scavenging free radicals promoting antioxidant enzymes activity and/or regulating antioxidant signaling pathways. In this review, the water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides as medicine agent and the factor affecting antioxidant as well as the relationship between oxidative stress and disease are summarized, and the mechanisms of water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides therapy in disease are also discussed. It will provide a theoretical basis for natural polysaccharides used for the treatment of diseases.
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Cai X, Chen S, Liang J, Tang M, Wang S. Protective effects of crimson snapper scales peptides against oxidative stress on Drosophila melanogaster and the action mechanism. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 148:111965. [PMID: 33388406 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peptides derived from crimson snapper scales (CSSPs) were reported to possess excellent free radical scavenging activities in vitro. In present study, the anti-aging and anti-oxidative stress effects of CSSPs were evaluated in Drosophila melanogaster models. Results showed that the addition of CSSPs in the diets of normal Drosophila could effectively extend their lifespan and improve the motor ability of aged Drosophila. Moreover, CSSPs could protect Drosophila from oxidative damage induced by H2O2, paraquat and UV irradiation. The extension of lifespan was found to be associated with the effects of CSSPs in improving the antioxidant defense system of Drosophila, manifesting as the reduction of oxidation products MDA and PCO, the elevated activities of T-SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, and the upregulated expression of antioxidant related genes after CSSPs supplemented. Furthermore, CSSPs at 6 mg/mL significantly downregulated mTOR signaling pathway and activated autophagy in aged male Drosophila, and the inhibition on mTOR activation was probably mediated by the antioxidant effects of CSSPs. Our findings suggest that CSSPs have the potential in making dietary supplements against natural aging and oxidative stress in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shengyang Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jieping Liang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Mingyu Tang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Wei T, Ji X, Xue J, Gao Y, Zhu X, Xiao G. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy via inhibition of the JNK signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 12:387-396. [PMID: 33326533 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Black bean seed coat extract (BBSCE) contains a high amount of bioactive compounds which can reduce the risk of cancers, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood in vivo. Here using a Drosophila model of a malignant tumor, wherein the activated oncogene Raf (RafGOF) cooperates with loss-of-function mutations in the conserved tumor suppressor scribble (scrib-/-), we investigated the antitumor mechanism of BBSCE and its main active component cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in vivo. The results showed that supplementation of either BBSCE or C3G inhibited the tumor growth and invasion of RafGOFscrib-/- and extended their survival in a dose dependent manner. Strikingly, the activation of both autonomous and non-autonomous autophagy in tumor flies was significantly reduced by C3G treatment. A further study indicated that C3G exhibited an antitumor effect in vivo by blocking autophagy both in tumor cells and in its microenvironment by inhibiting the JNK pathway. Interestingly, the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor used as an antitumor agent) combined with C3G is much better than either C3G or CQ treatment alone. C3G may be combined with CQ to treat cancers and to provide a theoretical basis for functional food or natural medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Jinsong Xue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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Zhou S, Rahman A, Li J, Wei C, Chen J, Linhardt RJ, Ye X, Chen S. Extraction Methods Affect the Structure of Goji ( Lycium barbarum) Polysaccharides. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040936. [PMID: 32093113 PMCID: PMC7070559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are considered to be the most important active substances in Goji. However, the structure of polysaccharides varies according to the extraction methods applied, and the solution used to prepare Goji polysaccharides (LBPs) were limited. Thus, it is important to clarify the connection between extraction methods and structure of Goji polysaccharide. In view of the complex composition of cell wall polysaccharides and the various forms of interaction, different extraction methods will release different parts of the cell wall. The present study compared the effects of different extraction methods, which have been used to prepare different types of plant cell wall polysaccharides based on various sources, on the structure of cell-wall polysaccharides from Goji, by the single separate use of hot water, hydrochloric acid (0.4%) and sodium hydroxide (0.6%), at both high and low temperatures. Meanwhile, in order to explore the limitations of single extraction, sequential extraction methods were applied. Structural analysis including monosaccharide analysis, GPC-MALLS, AFM and 1H-NMR suggested the persistence of more extensively branched rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) domains in the procedures involving low-temperature-alkali, while procedures prepared by high-temperature-acid contains more homogalacturonan (HG) regions and results in the removal of a substantial part of the side chain, specifically the arabinan. A kind of acidic heteropolysaccharide was obtained by hot water extraction. SEC-MALLS and AFM confirmed large-size polymers with branched morphologies in alkali-extracted polysaccharides. Our results provide new insight into the extraction of Goji polysaccharides, which differ from the hot water extraction used by traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyi Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Atikur Rahman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Junhui Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Chaoyang Wei
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianle Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA;
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (S.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-88982151 (S.C.)
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.Z.); (A.R.); (J.L.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (S.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-88982151 (S.C.)
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Bahaji Azami NL, Sun M. Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate in the Treatment of Liver Disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019; 2019:1475163. [PMID: 31531108 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1475163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Goji berry, Lycium barbarum, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), but its properties have not been studied until recently. The fruit is a major source of zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD), a xanthophyll carotenoid shown to benefit the liver. Liver disease is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. Some conditions, such as chronic hepatitis B virus, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, remain incurable. Managing them can constitute an economic burden for patients and healthcare systems. Hence, development of more effective pharmacological drugs is warranted. Studies have shown the hepatoprotective, antifibrotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antitumor, and chemopreventive properties of ZD. These findings suggest that ZD-based drugs could hold promise for many liver disorders. In this paper, we reviewed the current literature regarding the therapeutic effects of ZD in the treatment of liver disease.
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