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Dalky HF, Alnajar M, Dalky AF, Mahmoud N, Al‐Ma'ani M, Mosleh S, Hamdan‐Mansour AM. Social cognitive elements of mental illness stigma among healthcare professionals currently working in general hospitals: A cross-sectional study from Jordan. Nurs Open 2023; 10:6980-6988. [PMID: 37515452 PMCID: PMC10495734 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the social cognitive elements of the stigma of mental illness (knowledge, attitudes and behaviours) among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Jordan. DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive design. METHODS A total of 206 HCPs were conveniently recruited from general hospitals in Jordan. The mental attitude, knowledge and intended behaviours scales were used to measure stigma elements. RESULTS Participants reported a moderate level of knowledge, a moderate negative attitude and a moderate or not greater interest to deal with people with mental health illnesses. The bivariate correlation revealed a negative significant correlation between HCPs' knowledge and attitude, indicating that HCPs with more knowledge significantly have more positive attitude (lower average score) towards those suffering from the illness. A more significant correlation was found between HCPs' knowledge and behaviour. The HCPs who had more knowledge were holding more interest and willingness towards dealing with persons with mental illness. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Negative attitudes among HCPs demand awareness programmes pertaining to the stigma of mental illness to afford higher standards of practice for patients with mental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyam F. Dalky
- Community/Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of NursingJordan University of Science & TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Malek Alnajar
- Graduate Research and Teaching Assistant College of NursingUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Ala'a F. Dalky
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of MedicineJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Naser Mahmoud
- Acute Inpatient Psychiatry UnitAl‐Rashid Hospital CenterAmmanJordan
| | | | - Sultan Mosleh
- Health Sciences Department‐Nursing ProgramHigher Colleges of TechnologyAl‐FujairahUnited Arab Emirates
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Lovén Wickman U, Schmidt M. Experiences of primary care among young adults with mental illness - A systematic literature review. Scand J Caring Sci 2023; 37:628-641. [PMID: 36971467 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness, such as depression, anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and different addictive diseases, has increased among young adults over the last decade. Mental illness is associated with distress and problems functioning in social activities. Healthcare centres, that is, primary care, serve as the first point of contact with healthcare professionals for those young adults and provide outpatient medical and nursing care covering both physical and mental illness. OBJECTIVE To explore experiences of primary care among young adults with mental illness. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted that followed the method of Bettany-Saltikov and McSherry. A keyword search was performed in various databases, and after a quality assessment 23 articles were included in the review. RESULTS Young adults' experiences from primary care are described in four categories - Facing difficulties to accept help, relational preconditions, structural and organisational hindrances and satisfaction with youth-focused mental health interventions. Young adults with mental illness experience many difficulties in accessing and receiving proper help from primary care. Further, they did not believe in recovery from mental illness, and they also expressed a lack of mental health literacy. CONCLUSION While being the first contact with healthcare professionals, primary care needs to adjust its services to address the growing group of young adults suffering from mental illness. It is necessary to provide tailored guidelines and interventions in primary care for young adults with mental illness, and the Tidal Model may improve the contacts with young adults in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrica Lovén Wickman
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar/Växjö, Sweden
| | - Manuela Schmidt
- Department of Quality Improvement and Leadership, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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3
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Nilsson E, Johanson S, Behm L, Bejerholm U. Public health nurses experience of mental health encounters in the context of primary health care: a constructivist grounded theory study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:181. [PMID: 37231400 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In primary health care people with mental health needs are often overlooked or masked with physical complaints. It has been suggested that public health nurses lack sufficient knowledge when encountering people with mental health problems. Low levels of mental health literacy among professionals are associated with negative patient outcome. There is a need to understand public health nurses process and strategies used when encountering a person with mental health problems in order to promote mental health. This study aimed to construct a theory that explains the process of public health nurses experience when encountering people with mental health problems based on their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about mental health. METHODS A constructivist grounded theory design was used to meet the aim of the study. Interviews were conducted with 13 public health nurses working in primary health care between October 2019 and June 2021, and the data analysis was performed according to the principles of Charmaz. RESULTS The core category, "Public health nurses as a relationship builder - to initiate the dialogue" reflected the process while the main categories "Being on your own", "Being on top of things- knowing your limits", and "Professional comfort zone" reflected conditions that were decisive for initiating a dialogue. CONCLUSION Managing mental health encounters in primary health care was a personal and complex decision-making process that depends on the public health nurses' professional comfort zone and acquired mental health literacy. Narratives of the public health nurses helped to construct a theory and understand the conditions for recognizing, managing and promoting mental health in primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Nilsson
- Department of Health Sciences/Mental Health, Activity and Participation, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Suzanne Johanson
- Department of Health Sciences/Mental Health, Activity and Participation, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lina Behm
- Department of Nursing and Integrated Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Bejerholm
- Department of Health Sciences/Mental Health, Activity and Participation, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Research and development, Region Skåne, Mental Health Services, County Council of Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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4
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Löyttynen J, Graneheim UH, Hörnsten Å. District Nurses' Experiences of Practice in Caring for People with Mental Ill-Health in Swedish Primary Care. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:396-405. [PMID: 37053044 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2193639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Mental ill-health is one of the greatest public health challenges in Sweden, and it is estimated that every third person seeking primary care in the country suffers from mental ill-health. Without proper treatment at an early stage, mental ill-health may lead to long-term illness and have a significant impact on functional ability. As district nurses are specialists in public health nursing, they have been pointed out as having a key role in the prevention and management of mental ill-health. The aim was to explore district nurses' practice in caring for people with mental ill-health within primary health care. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with district nurses (n = 18) and the transcribed text was subjected to qualitative content analysis. The result was formulated as several subthemes, eventually developed into three themes: Practicing within an organisation where traditional attitudes are impediments, Perceiving mental healthcare as not being an obvious part of district nursing, Working as fellow human beings rather than "professionals". The findings indicate that district nurses feel uncertainty in their practice in this area. Working independently with mental ill-health was not always considered socially acceptable among district nurses. Despite these challenges they tried to remain involved without becoming emotionally overwhelmed. They also strived to meet the needs of these patients with 'small things', that could be effective and a part of recovery-oriented practice, even if they might be defined as unprofessional, and their efficacy negated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulla Hällgren Graneheim
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Åsa Hörnsten
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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5
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Eriksson P, Hammar T, Lagrosen S, Nilsson E. Digital consultation in primary healthcare: the effects on access, efficiency and patient safety based on provider experience; a qualitative study. Scand J Prim Health Care 2022; 40:498-506. [PMID: 36573065 PMCID: PMC9848242 DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2022.2159200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to explore the experiences of healthcare staff working with and being part of the implementation of a digital platform for patient-provider consultation across quality dimensions of access, efficiency, and patient safety. DESIGN The study uses qualitative design to investigate experiences and the views of healthcare professionals. Data collection combined semi-structured individual and focus-group interviews. Content analysis was used to identify categories within the content areas 'access', 'efficiency', and 'patient safety'. SETTING The basis for the study was an e-consultation platform introduced in three primary healthcare centres in the County of Kalmar in southeast Sweden in 2019. RESULTS Healthcare staff experienced that the platform offered an open channel for communication with patients in need of frequent contact. This reduced anxiety and therefore the frequency of follow-up appointments. Healthcare staff also noted that the platform offered flexibility in contact benefitting patients with mental health problems. These patients were found to make contact through the platform after closing hours when problems were more acute or intense. However, the risk of digitally illiterate groups being excluded was also noted. Efficiency gains were identified among patients with simple cases which were handled more quickly through the platform. However, low uptake and the experience that the platform did not replace, rather was added on top of other already existing functions and procedures, negatively affected the overall efficiency. Standardized questions in automated medical history-taking contributed to patient safety. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that text-based e-consultation platforms may bring important quality improvements to primary healthcare service in terms of access, efficiency, and patient safety. Yet, areas where e-consultation does not contribute to quality improvements puts important quality gains at risk.KEY POINTSText based digital consultation improved access for patients in need of frequent appointments and for patients with mental health problems.Efficiency gains among patients with simple cases, and in dealing with patients with mental health problems were noted. However, lack of confidence in platform functions due to low uptake, and limited control over work situation, were perceived as negatively affecting overall efficiency.Health care staff experienced improved patient safety through a standardized set of questions in automated medical history-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Eriksson
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
- CONTACT Pär Eriksson Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, 391 82, Sweden
| | - Tora Hammar
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lagrosen
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Evalill Nilsson
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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Lee A, Park J. Diagnostic Test Accuracy of the Beck Depression Inventory for Detecting Major Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Nurs Res 2022; 31:1481-1490. [PMID: 34961346 DOI: 10.1177/10547738211065105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder in adolescents is closely linked to poor social, cognitive, and academic outcomes, including suicidality. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a screening tool, is one of the most widely used instruments for detecting depression; however, its diagnostic test accuracy has not yet been thoroughly examined. This study, therefore, aimed to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of the BDI for detecting depression in adolescents. In August 2020, a search was conducted in the EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycArticles databases, and following a review against predefined eligibility criteria, 22 studies were finally included. The quality of the included articles was evaluated, and a hierarchical regression model was used to calculate the pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity; 73.0% (95% CI; 62.0%, 81.8%) and 80.3% (72.8%, 86.1%) in cutoff 16, respectively. The findings indicated the BDI is a reliable and useful tool to screen adolescents' depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lee
- Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyung Park
- Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Wärdig RE, Hultsjö S, Lind M, Klavebäck I. Nurses' Experiences of Suicide Prevention in Primary Health Care (PHC) - A Qualitative Interview Study. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:903-912. [PMID: 35793075 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2089789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose was to describe nurses' experiences of suicide prevention work in primary health care (PHC). BACKGROUND Suicide is the tenth most common cause of death among adults. PHC has an important role in suicide prevention work, as patients often had contact with PHC before their suicide rather than with specialist psychiatric care. Nurses often have the first contact with the patient and are responsible for triage and assessment, making them important in suicide prevention work. Previous studies shed light on suicide prevention in a primary care context, but the nurses' voices are missing. METHODS Fifteen qualitative interviews were conducted with nurses in primary health care. Data was analyzed according to conventional content analysis techniques. FINDINGS Nurses may avoid asking questions about suicidality for fear of what to do with the answer. To support the nurses' ability in suicide prevention work, both educational and practical experience are fundamental. There was a lack of clarity about who is carrying responsibility for the patient, and it turned out to be difficult to help the patient move further to the next care institution. There was a need for guidelines as well as routines for collaboration with other care actors in suicide prevention work. CONCLUSION The PHC organization does not support nurses in suicide prevention, therefore they need the right conditions for their work. Suicide prevention needs to be given greater focus and space within education as well as training in the ongoing clinical work, which can be performed with less extensive efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikard Erik Wärdig
- Division of Nursing and Reproductive Health, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Sally Hultsjö
- Department of Psychiatry, Ryhov County Hospital and Division of Nursing and Reproductive Health, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Malin Lind
- Department of Psychiatry, Ryhov County Hospital and Division of Nursing and Reproductive Health, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Isabella Klavebäck
- Department of Psychiatry, Ryhov County Hospital and Division of Nursing and Reproductive Health, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
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Schlunegger MC, Aeschlimann S, Palm R, Zumstein-Shaha M. Competencies of nurse practitioners in family practices: A scoping review. J Clin Nurs 2022; 32:2521-2532. [PMID: 35642084 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To explore the existing literature related to nurse practitioner (NP) competencies in family practices and to examine the evidence and develop a list of competencies. BACKGROUND The integration of NPs into the healthcare system is at different stages of progress around the world. Therefore, an overview and clarification of competencies are important to ensure successful implementation of new roles in existing healthcare systems. However, detailed knowledge is lacking about the competencies of NPs in adult care in family practices. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a scoping review in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We considered studies published in English, German or French from 1965 to the present. Databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science and PsycINFO. Sources of grey literature that were searched included ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, OpenGrey and websites of national NP organisations. Two reviewers retrieved full-text studies and extracted data independently. We described the competencies using Hamric's model of advanced practice nursing. RESULTS We included 23 publications. Competencies in direct clinical practice were described most often particularly pertaining to nursing or medical tasks. Indirect care activities were frequently mentioned. Less information was found regarding competencies in leadership, ethical decision-making and evidence-based practice. We found elementary and extended competencies required to perform the role in family practices. Depending on the country, the role was either emerging or already well-established. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This review provides insight into current knowledge about competencies of NP in family practices. The identified competencies can be used to develop job descriptions or to conceptualise professional development programmes in countries where such roles are just recently emerging. A list of competencies will promote a common understanding of the NP role and to help clarify interprofessional collaboration in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarithe Charlotte Schlunegger
- Department of Health Professions, Applied Research & Development in Nursing, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland.,School of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Simona Aeschlimann
- Tilia Köniz, Tilia Foundation for Long-Term Care, Ostermundigen, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Palm
- School of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Witten, Germany
| | - Maya Zumstein-Shaha
- Department of Health Professions, Applied Research & Development in Nursing, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland.,School of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health, Department of Nursing Science, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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Oh WO, Heo YJ, Lee A. Resilience in Multicultural Families of Children With Disabilities in Korea: A Path Analysis Using National Data. J Nurs Scholarsh 2021; 53:408-417. [PMID: 33829653 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The number of multicultural families has increased globally, and Korea has also witnessed a surge. Along with the various challenges experienced by these families, a child with a disability can pose additional challenges. In-depth knowledge about resilience factors among multicultural families of children with disabilities is important. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between family demands, family appraisals, family problem solving and coping, family resources, and family adaptation in multicultural families of children with disabilities in Korea as perceived by married immigrants. DESIGN This study was based on a secondary analysis of national survey data in 2015 and 2018 in Korea. METHODS A total of 256 multicultural families who have children with disabilities participated. Family demands were identified by examining marital conflict, cultural differences, marital status, and public assistance recipient households. Family appraisal was assessed by how the family perceived the married immigrant's culture. Family problem solving and coping were examined by how actively a married immigrant participated in social activities. Family resources were assessed by examining Korean language competency and the health status of immigrants. Family adaptation was identified by how immigrants perceived their life satisfaction. Path analysis was used to assess the factors. FINDINGS Family demands had a direct impact on family resources and family adaptation. Family appraisal had a direct impact on family adaptation. Family resources mediated the effect of family demands on family adaptation. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that although a multicultural family of a child with a disability struggles with family demands, if the family receives positive resources from family members, they can adapt well. Current findings can be used to develop interventions that can foster greater resilience among families. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides evidence that nurses can target modifiable family aspects, including immigrants' health and family perceptions of immigrants' cultures identified in this study to enhance the immigrant and family adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Oak Oh
- Professor, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Heo
- Doctoral student, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anna Lee
- Research professor, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Onileimo V, Bella-Awusah T, Lasebikan V, Omigbodun O. Brief training in child and adolescent mental health: Impact on the knowledge and attitudes of pediatric nurses in Nigeria. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 34:164-170. [PMID: 33749942 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Poor knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes of healthcare professionals constitute a significant barrier to child and adolescent mental health care worldwide. This study aimed to determine the effect of a training intervention on the knowledge and attitudes of pediatric nurses to child mental health problems at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. METHODS A two group pretest-posttest study design was undertaken. A total of 156 pediatric nurses were recruited, and participants in the intervention group received a brief child mental health training based on the World Health Organization's mhGAP training manual. Knowledge and attitudes to child mental health problems were obtained at baseline, and post intervention. FINDINGS There were no differences in knowledge or attitudes across the two groups at baseline. Post intervention, there was a significant increase in the mean post knowledge scores of the intervention group compared with the control group (t = 3.8, p < .001). The effect size of the intervention was 0.62. There were no significant differences in mean post attitude scores across groups. CONCLUSION Incorporating children and adolescents mental health competencies into the training of nurses had a modest effect on their knowledge, but limited effect on their attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Onileimo
- Department of Clinical Nursing, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope Bella-Awusah
- Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Victor Lasebikan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka Omigbodun
- Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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