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Blazé KSR, Xu H, Buchanan L, Baur LA, Wen LM. Parental smoking in the first two years of a child's life and its associations with breastfeeding. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2024; 64:28-35. [PMID: 37463865 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months followed by ongoing breastfeeding to 12 months and beyond is associated with multiple benefits for both mother and child. Maternal smoking is associated with a reduction in breastfeeding. Little is known about the effect of partner smoking on breastfeeding. AIMS This study explores the smoking behaviour of mothers and their partners in the first two years of a child's life and its associations with breastfeeding practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a secondary data analysis using survey data on 1155 mothers from their third trimester of pregnancy and at six, 12 and 24 months after delivery. Survey questions included smoking status of both mother and partner and breastfeeding intention and practice. Logistic regression models were conducted at each time point. FINDINGS Where the mother or both parents smoke, babies were less likely to be breastfed at six months of age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13-0.66) compared with families where neither parent smoked. Non-smoking mothers with smoking partners were less likely to intend to breastfeed (aOR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.11-0.82) and their babies were less likely to be breastfed at six and 12 months of age (aOR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.98 and 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.95 respectively). There was no difference in breastfeeding behaviour between smoking and non-smoking parents at 24 months. CONCLUSION Smoking parents are less likely to breastfeed their babies at ages six and 12 months. Breastfeeding promotion should target both smoking mothers and smoking partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine S R Blazé
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Women's and Children's Unit, Victorian Aboriginal Health Service, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Forensic Paediatric Medical Service (VFPMS), The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huilan Xu
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Limin Buchanan
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH) and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH) and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Li Ming Wen
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH) and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Shipp GM, Wosu AC, Knapp EA, Sauder KA, Dabelea D, Perng W, Zhu Y, Ferrara A, Dunlop AL, Deoni S, Gern J, Porucznik C, Aris IM, Karagas MR, Sathyanarayana S, O’Connor TG, Carroll KN, Wright RJ, Hockett CW, Johnson CC, Meeker JD, Cordero J, Paneth N, Comstock SS, Kerver JM. Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI, Breastfeeding, and Child BMI. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023061466. [PMID: 38111349 PMCID: PMC10752824 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-061466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breastfeeding practices may protect against offspring obesity, but this relationship is understudied among women with obesity. We describe the associations between breastfeeding practices and child BMI for age z-score (BMIz), stratified by maternal BMI. METHODS We analyzed 8134 dyads from 21 cohorts in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Program. Dyads with data for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, infant feeding practices, and ≥1 child BMI assessment between the ages of 2 and 6 years were included. The associations between breastfeeding practices and continuous child BMIz were assessed by using multivariable linear mixed models. RESULTS Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI category prevalence was underweight: 2.5%, healthy weight: 45.8%, overweight: 26.0%, and obese: 25.6%. Median child ages at the cessation of any breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding across the 4 BMI categories were 19, 26, 24, and 17 weeks and 12, 20, 17, and 12 weeks, respectively. Results were in the hypothesized directions for BMI categories. Three months of any breastfeeding was associated with a lower BMIz among children whose mothers were a healthy weight (-0.02 [-0.04 to 0.001], P = .06), overweight (-0.04 [-0.07 to -0.004], P = .03), or obese (-0.04 [-0.07 to -0.006], P = .02). Three months of exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a lower BMIz among children whose mothers were a healthy weight (-0.06 [-0.10 to -0.02], P = .002), overweight (-0.05 [-0.10 to 0.005], P = .07), or obese (-0.08 [-0.12 to -0.03], P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Human milk exposure, regardless of maternal BMI category, was associated with a lower child BMIz in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes cohorts, supporting breastfeeding recommendations as a potential strategy for decreasing the risk of offspring obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle M. Shipp
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, Pediatric Public Health Initiative, Michigan State University, Flint, Michigan
| | - Adaeze C. Wosu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Emily A. Knapp
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wei Perng
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | | | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sean Deoni
- Advanced Baby Imaging Laboratory, Providence, Rhode Island and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Discovery & Tools, Seattle, Washington
| | - James Gern
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Christy Porucznik
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics and Adjunct Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tom G. O’Connor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Kecia N. Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Christine W. Hockett
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | | | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - José Cordero
- Affiliation for José Cordero; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Nigel Paneth
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Pediatrics and Human Development
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Food Science and Human Nutrition. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jean M. Kerver
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Pediatrics and Human Development
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Chalifour B, Holzhausen EA, Lim JJ, Yeo EN, Shen N, Jones DP, Peterson BS, Goran MI, Liang D, Alderete TL. The potential role of early life feeding patterns in shaping the infant fecal metabolome: implications for neurodevelopmental outcomes. NPJ Metab Health Dis 2023; 1:2. [PMID: 38299034 PMCID: PMC10828959 DOI: 10.1038/s44324-023-00001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Infant fecal metabolomics can provide valuable insights into the associations of nutrition, dietary patterns, and health outcomes in early life. Breastmilk is typically classified as the best source of nutrition for nearly all infants. However, exclusive breastfeeding may not always be possible for all infants. This study aimed to characterize associations between levels of mixed breastfeeding and formula feeding, along with solid food consumption and the infant fecal metabolome at 1- and 6-months of age. As a secondary aim, we examined how feeding-associated metabolites may be associated with early life neurodevelopmental outcomes. Fecal samples were collected at 1- and 6-months, and metabolic features were assessed via untargeted liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Feeding groups were defined at 1-month as 1) exclusively breastfed, 2) breastfed >50% of feedings, or 3) formula fed ≥50% of feedings. Six-month groups were defined as majority breastmilk (>50%) or majority formula fed (≥50%) complemented by solid foods. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 2 years. Changes in the infant fecal metabolome were associated with feeding patterns at 1- and 6-months. Feeding patterns were associated with the intensities of a total of 57 fecal metabolites at 1-month and 25 metabolites at 6-months, which were either associated with increased breastmilk or increased formula feeding. Most breastmilk-associated metabolites, which are involved in lipid metabolism and cellular processes like cell signaling, were associated with higher neurodevelopmental scores, while formula-associated metabolites were associated with lower neurodevelopmental scores. These findings offer preliminary evidence that feeding patterns are associated with altered infant fecal metabolomes, which may be associated with cognitive development later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Chalifour
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | | | - Joseph J. Lim
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Emily N. Yeo
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Natalie Shen
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | | | | | - Donghai Liang
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
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Blake MK, Ma R, Cardenas EV, Varanloo P, Agosto Y, Velasquez C, Espina KA, Palenzuela J, Messiah SE, Natale RA. Infant Nutrition and Other Early Life Risk Factors for Childhood Obesity According to Disability Status. Nutrients 2023; 15:4394. [PMID: 37892469 PMCID: PMC10609807 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One in five preschool-aged children in the United States is obese, and children with disabilities are significantly impacted. This study aimed to determine the association between age at solid food initiation and obesity prevalence in preschool-aged children while considering disability status, ethnicity, gestational age, and birth weight. Analysis was conducted on a sample of 145 children aged 2 to 5 years who were enrolled in ten childcare centers. Parents completed a survey assessing disability status, race and ethnicity, birth weight, gestational age, and age of solid food initiation. Height and weight were collected concurrently. Multivariable logistic regression models generated the odds of developing obesity based on age at solid food initiation, disability status, ethnicity, gestational age, and birth weight. There was no significant difference in the odds of being obese based on age at solid food introduction. Children with disabilities (OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.6, p = 0.01) and children born preterm (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.79, p = 0.03) had significantly lower odds of being obese. Hispanic children (OR = 4.93, 95% CI 1.91-15.32, p = 0.002) and children with higher birth weights (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.17-1.92, p = 0.002) were more likely to be obese. With pediatric obesity rates continuing to rise, these findings can inform future intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K. Blake
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Ruixuan Ma
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1120 N.W. 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Erika Viana Cardenas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Parisa Varanloo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Yaray Agosto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Carolina Velasquez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Katheryn A. Espina
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Joanne Palenzuela
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
| | - Sarah E. Messiah
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, 2777 North Stemmons Freeway, Suite 8400, Dallas, TX 75207, USA;
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, 2777 North Stemmons Freeway, Suite 8400, Dallas, TX 75207, USA
| | - Ruby A. Natale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (E.V.C.); (P.V.); (Y.A.); (C.V.); (K.A.E.); (J.P.); (R.A.N.)
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Matias SL, Anderson CE, Koleilat M. Breastfeeding moderates childhood obesity risk associated with prenatal exposure to excessive gestational weight gain. Matern Child Nutr 2023; 19:e13545. [PMID: 37357364 PMCID: PMC10483944 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Gaining excessive gestational weight may increase obesity risk in the offspring, while breastfeeding lowers that risk. Using data from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in Southern California, we examined the associations between gestational weight gain (GWG), breastfeeding during infancy and childhood obesity at 2-4 years, and determined whether breastfeeding moderated the association between GWG and childhood obesity. GWG was based on weight measurements collected during the first trimester and within a month before delivery. GWG values were standardized by gestational age (GWG z-scores), per maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and categorized into tertiles. Fully breastfeeding duration was determined by WIC infant package data indicating the amount of infant formula received monthly. Children's length (or height) and weight measurements were used to calculate BMI-for-age z-scores and identify obesity (z-score ≥ 95th percentile). Multivariable linear and modified Poisson regression analyses were conducted. Fully breastfeeding moderated the association between GWG z-scores tertile and obesity in the offspring. Each additional month of fully breastfeeding was associated with 3%-5% obesity risk reduction for each age group and GWG z-scores tertile, except at age 4 years for children whose mothers had low GWG z-scores (tertile 1). Shorter fully breastfeeding duration was associated with greater obesity risk among children of mothers with high GWG z-scores (tertile 3), but not for those whose mothers had low GWG z-scores. Longer fully breastfeeding duration may provide greater protection against obesity among children at higher risk due to intrauterine exposure to high gestational weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana L. Matias
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and ToxicologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Maria Koleilat
- Department of Public HealthCalifornia State UniversityFullertonCaliforniaUSA
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Awan I, Schultz E, Sterrett JD, Dawud LM, Kessler LR, Schoch D, Lowry CA, Feldman-Winter L, Phadtare S. A Pilot Study Exploring Temporal Development of Gut Microbiome/Metabolome in Breastfed Neonates during the First Week of Life. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2023; 26:99-115. [PMID: 36950061 PMCID: PMC10025571 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2023.26.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Exclusive breastfeeding promotes gut microbial compositions associated with lower rates of metabolic and autoimmune diseases. Its cessation is implicated in increased microbiome-metabolome discordance, suggesting a vulnerability to dietary changes. Formula supplementation is common within our low-income, ethnic-minority community. We studied exclusively breastfed (EBF) neonates' early microbiome-metabolome coupling in efforts to build foundational knowledge needed to target this inequality. Methods Maternal surveys and stool samples from seven EBF neonates at first transitional stool (0-24 hours), discharge (30-48 hours), and at first appointment (days 3-5) were collected. Survey included demographics, feeding method, medications, medical history and tobacco and alcohol use. Stool samples were processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and lipid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Alpha and beta diversity analyses and Procrustes randomization for associations were carried out. Results Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the most abundant taxa. Variation in microbiome composition was greater between individuals than within (p=0.001). Palmitic, oleic, stearic, and linoleic acids were the most abundant lipids. Variation in lipid composition was greater between individuals than within (p=0.040). Multivariate composition of the metabolome, but not microbiome, correlated with time (p=0.030). Total lipids, saturated lipids, and unsaturated lipids concentrations increased over time (p=0.012, p=0.008, p=0.023). Alpha diversity did not correlate with time (p=0.403). Microbiome composition was not associated with each samples' metabolome (p=0.450). Conclusion Neonate gut microbiomes were unique to each neonate; respective metabolome profiles demonstrated generalizable temporal developments. The overall variability suggests potential interplay between influences including maternal breastmilk composition, amount consumed and living environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Awan
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Emily Schultz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - John D. Sterrett
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Lamya’a M. Dawud
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Lyanna R. Kessler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Deborah Schoch
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University and Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Lori Feldman-Winter
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University and Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Sangita Phadtare
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
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Cheema S, Abraham A, El-Nahas KG, Abou-Amona R, Al-Hamaq AO, Maisonneuve P, Chaabna K, Lowenfels AB, Mamtani R. Assessment of Overweight, Obesity, Central Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes among Adolescents in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14601. [PMID: 36361482 PMCID: PMC9653877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Qatar has a high obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) burden. This study aimed to (1) determine the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and T2DM in 13-17-year-old adolescents and (2) evaluate associations with adolescents' lifestyle and breastfeeding history, parental weight, and familial T2DM history. A cross-sectional study (double-stage cluster sampling) was conducted in 2018-2020 using a self-administered parental and adolescent questionnaire. In the results, 23.4% of the adolescents (107/459) were overweight; 19.9% (91/459) were obese; and 37.6% (171/459) had evidence of central obesity. Random blood sugar (RBS) was suggestive of prediabetes (≥140 mg/dL) for 23 (5.0%) adolescents and T2DM (≥200 mg/dL) for none. In multivariable analysis, obesity was significantly associated with no breastfeeding (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.09-9.26) compared to breastfed adolescents for ≥6 months, with first-degree family history of T2DM (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.22-4.27), with maternal obesity (OR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.01-5.70), and with acanthosis nigricans in adolescents (OR = 19.8; 95% CI: 8.38-46.9). Central obesity was significantly associated with maternal obesity (OR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.14-4.27) and with acanthosis nigricans (OR = 3.67; 95% CI: 1.88-7.18). Acanthosis nigricans (OR = 4.06; 95% CI: 1.41-11.7) was the only factor associated with elevated RBS. Addressing future disease burden among adults in Qatar will require extensive health and well-being programs, focused on healthy lifestyles and behaviors such as nutritious diets, physical activity, stress management, and self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaila Cheema
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Amit Abraham
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Karima Chaabna
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Albert B. Lowenfels
- Department of Surgery and Department of Family Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, NY 10595, USA
| | - Ravinder Mamtani
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
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