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Sparks C, Hsu A, Neller SA, Eaton J, Thompson A, Wong B, Iacob E, Terrill AL, Caserta M, Stark L, Utz RL. Comparison of recruitment methodologies for clinical trials: Results from the time for living and caring (TLC) intervention study. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 140:107518. [PMID: 38554816 PMCID: PMC11072241 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruiting participants for research studies is a critical yet challenging task. Community-engaged recruitment strategies have gained prominence as effective means to engage diverse populations and ensure the representativeness of study samples. This case study aims to investigate the cost and effectiveness of various recruitment methods in enhancing research participation. METHODS A comparative approach was employed to assess the outcomes of five different recruitment strategies used in the Time for Living & Caring (TLC) research study. Data on recruitment success, participant demographics, and retention rates were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including ANOVA and Chi-squares, to statistically compare the outcomes associated with 5 different recruitment methodologies. The recruitment methodologies included two community-engaged strategies (community partner referral and community-based recruiters), a clinical database, social media, and word-of-mouth referral. CONCLUSION The meta-data used to build this methodological case study describe different recruitment methodologies that may be used for clinical trials. This data-driven evaluation provides examples and considerations for researchers when developing budgets and proposals for future clinical trials. The primary finding is that there are tradeoffs in terms of cost, time, labor, and ultimately the representativeness of the sample, based on the type of recruitment methodology chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine Sparks
- Department of Occupational & Recreational Therapies, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
| | - Anna Hsu
- College of Social & Behavioral Science, University of Utah, 260 S Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah A Neller
- College of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1412 Circle Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jacqueline Eaton
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Amber Thompson
- College of Social & Behavioral Science, University of Utah, 260 S Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bob Wong
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Eli Iacob
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alexandra L Terrill
- Department of Occupational & Recreational Therapies, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Michael Caserta
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Louisa Stark
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Rebecca L Utz
- College of Social & Behavioral Science, University of Utah, 260 S Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Humiston T, Cummings C, Suss S, Cohen LB, Hazlett-Stevens H, Hughes Lansing A. Acceptability of a Self-Led Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Teens with Type 1 Diabetes: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e45659. [PMID: 38289663 PMCID: PMC10865210 DOI: 10.2196/45659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes distress among adolescents with type 1 diabetes has been associated with suboptimal diabetes outcomes, including lower quality of life, increased diabetes self-management challenges, and suboptimal glycemic outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a scalable self-led mindfulness-based intervention to reduce diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Adolescents (N=25) aged between 14 and 18 years diagnosed with type 1 diabetes completed a baseline assessment. Participants were randomized to receive a 10-week self-guided mindfulness-based stress reduction workbook program (e-book or paper option) immediately (n=15) or after a 10-week wait (n=10). During the intervention period, participants completed weekly assignments and feedback surveys. At 10 weeks and 20 weeks, follow-up assessments were completed. RESULTS Findings indicated that participants did not find the original intervention feasible or acceptable. Adolescents reported barriers to completing the weekly material, such as that they forgot or that the material was not sufficiently related to their diabetes management. Adolescents also reported that a digital format rather than a workbook or e-book may be more acceptable. Results from weekly surveys provided the foundation for recommendations for future iterations of the mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Participant feedback informed recommendations for self-led mindfulness programs for youth with type 1 diabetes. Adolescents indicated that a shorter, digital mindfulness-based intervention focused on diabetes-specific behaviors may be more helpful. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05115175; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05115175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tori Humiston
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Caroline Cummings
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Stephen Suss
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura B Cohen
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Evans M, Ellis DA, Vesco AT, Feldman MA, Weissberg-Benchell J, Carcone AI, Miller J, Boucher-Berry C, Buggs-Saxton C, Degnan B, Dekelbab B, Drossos T. Diabetes distress in urban Black youth with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers: associations with glycemic control, depression, and health behaviors. J Pediatr Psychol 2024:jsad096. [PMID: 38216126 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their caregivers endorse high diabetes distress (DD). Limited studies have documented the impact of DD on Black youth. The aims of the present study were to (1) describe DD among a sample of Black adolescents with T1D and their caregivers, (2) compare their DD levels with published normative samples, and (3) determine how DD relates to glycemic outcomes, diabetes self-management, parental monitoring of diabetes, and youth depressive symptoms. METHODS Baseline data from a multicenter clinical trial were used. Participants (N = 155) were recruited from 7 Midwestern pediatric diabetes clinics. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and measures of DD, parental monitoring of diabetes care, youth depression and diabetes management behaviors were obtained. The sample was split into (1) adolescents (ages 13-14; N = 95) and (2) preadolescents (ages 10-12; N = 60). Analyses utilized Cohen's d effect sizes, Pearson correlations, t-tests, and multiple regression. RESULTS DD levels in youth and caregivers were high, with 45%-58% exceeding either clinical cutoff scores or validation study sample means. Higher DD in youth and caregivers was associated with higher HbA1c, lower diabetes self-management, and elevated depressive symptoms, but not with parental monitoring of diabetes management. CONCLUSIONS Screening for DD in Black youth with T1D and caregivers is recommended, as are culturally informed interventions that can reduce distress levels and lead to improved health outcomes. More research is needed on how systemic inequities contribute to higher DD in Black youth and the strategies/policy changes needed to reduce these inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredyth Evans
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deborah A Ellis
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Anthony T Vesco
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Marissa A Feldman
- Division of Psychology, Johns Hopkins, All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Jill Weissberg-Benchell
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Jennifer Miller
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Claudia Boucher-Berry
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Bernard Degnan
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Ascension St John Children's Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Bassem Dekelbab
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Beaumont Health Care, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Tina Drossos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Foster C, Mamaeva O, Shrestha S, Hidalgo B. Epigenetic age in African American adolescents with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional case-control study protocol. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1747. [PMID: 38078300 PMCID: PMC10702396 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease caused by a relative insulin deficiency compared to the significant insulin requirement needed by the body to achieve glycemic control. T2D in adolescence appears to be increasing in prevalence over the past several decades, necessitating studies to understand for the onset of the disease to occur early in the lifespan. Given the high burden of disease, specifically in young African American adolescents, our study chose to focus initially on feasibility of recruitment of this population. Methods Data was collected at a single study center at Children's of Alabama. The protocol was completed as part of routine care or at a study visit. The study team was able to leverage the Electronic Medical Record to prescreen eligible patients to discuss the study. A variety of times of day were utilized to improve likely of success with reaching potential participants. Inclusion criteria for patients with T2D was focused on the adolescent population (ages 12-18 years), with no history of an obesity syndrome. DNA methylation age will be calculated using the EPIC 850K array. Statistical analysis will be done using linear regression analysis, adjusting for covariates. Conclusions This study's aim was to screen and enroll young African American adolescents for a study investigating epigenetic aging and T2D. Our study found that more direct contact (face-to-face- or phone call) improve success of recruitment. Leveraging the electronic medical record also helped improve success with pre-screening participants. Challenges included recruiting participants who might come from long distances to a tertiary care center. Consolidating appointments helped improve the success of reaching these participants. Other challenges included frequent address changes and changed phone numbers. Close attention to the barriers as well as the successes will aid in understanding effective strategies for this important population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Foster
- Division of Pediatric EndocrinologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Olga Mamaeva
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Sadeep Shrestha
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Bertha Hidalgo
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
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Ellis DA, Naar S. Interventions Across the Translational Research Spectrum: Addressing Disparities Among Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Youth with Type 1 Diabetes. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2023; 52:585-602. [PMID: 37865475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic minoritized youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at elevated risk for health disparities. Few intervention studies have been conducted for these youth and evidence to support best practices to address their needs is lacking. Existing evidence supports the use of brief trials of diabetes technology with structured support from clinic staff, culturally tailored interventions such as language-congruent clinical care, and use of community health workers as promising directions to improve health outcomes. Clinicians and researchers should work collaboratively with community members to improve the quality of T1D intervention science for racial and ethnic minoritized youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Ellis
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine.
| | - Sylvie Naar
- Center for Translational Behavioral Medicine, Florida State University
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Sharkey CM, Bates CR. Overcoming the exclusion of marginalized caregiver and patient groups in pediatric brain tumor research. Neurooncol Pract 2023; 10:403-405. [PMID: 37720390 PMCID: PMC10502776 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Sharkey
- Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bates
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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St Pierre M, Daniels S, Sanchez TA, Holtzman S, Russo EB, Walsh Z. The Naturalistic Cannabis Administration Protocol (NCAP): A Proof-of-Concept Study. J Psychoactive Drugs 2023; 55:389-401. [PMID: 36130915 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2022.2125466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Lab-based studies examining the effects of cannabis administration on human behavior compromise ecological validity due to the influence of set and setting. Contextual factors of clinical settings have long been recognized as producing measurable changes in physiology, emotionality, and cognition. Among people who use drugs, these settings may be associated with higher levels of perceived stigma and stereotype threat which may meaningfully confound the effects of cannabis on outcomes of interest. Recent liberalization of cannabis regulation may allow novel and more ecologically valid approaches to assessing the acute effects of cannabis. The Naturalistic Cannabis Administration Protocol (NCAP) is a novel paradigm for the study of acute cannabis effects in an ecologically valid manner. Two independent studies demonstrated the safety and feasibility of the NCAP. Participants (N= 79; Mage = 25.44, SD = 5.67) self-administered the cannabis of their choice in their home and then (Study 1; n= 47) engaged in a leisure activity or (Study 2; n= 32) underwent cognitive assessment remotely via videoconference following cannabis administration. The NCAP was well tolerated across samples with no reported adverse events. These findings provide a rationale for the adoption of the NCAP to reduce research barriers and develop our research capabilities to fit the landscape of cannabis use today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle St Pierre
- Department of Psychology, the University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Daniels
- Department of Psychology, the University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Tatiana A Sanchez
- Department of Psychology, the University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Susan Holtzman
- Department of Psychology, the University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | | | - Zach Walsh
- Department of Psychology, the University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Addala A, Hechavarria M, Figg L, Roque X, Filipp SL, Anez-Zabala C, Lal R, Gurka MJ, Haller MJ, Maahs DM, Walker AF. Recruiting historically under-represented individuals into Project ECHO Diabetes: using barrier analysis to understand disparities in clinical research in the USA. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072546. [PMID: 37648378 PMCID: PMC10471869 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals under-recruited in diabetes research studies include those not seen at endocrinology centres and those from rural, low socioeconomic and/or under-represented racial/ethnic groups. The purpose of this descriptive analysis is to detail recruitment and retention efforts of Project ECHO Diabetes clinical sites affiliated with Stanford University and University of Florida. DESIGN Prospective collection of participant engagement and qualitative analysis of barriers and facilitators of research engagement within Project ECHO Diabetes, a virtual tele-education programme for healthcare providers in the management of individuals with insulin-requiring diabetes. SETTING Data were collected at the patient level, provider level and clinic level between 1 May 2021 and 31 July 2022. PARTICIPANTS Participants and study personnel were recruited from 33 Project ECHO Diabetes sites in California and Florida. OUTCOMES We report study completion rates for participants recruited into 33 Project ECHO Diabetes sites. Using barrier analysis, a methodology designed for the real-time assessment of interventions and system processes to identify barriers and facilitators, study personnel identified significant barriers to recruitment and retention and mapped them to actionable solutions. RESULTS In total, 872 participants (California n=495, Florida n=377) were recruited with differing recruitment rates by site (California=52.7%, Florida=21.5%). Barrier analysis identified lack of trust, unreliable contact information, communication issues and institutional review board (IRB) requirements as key recruitment barriers. Culturally congruent staff, community health centre (CHC) support, adequate funding and consent process flexibility were solutions to address recruitment challenges. Barriers to retention were inconsistent postal access, haemoglobin A1c kit collection challenges, COVID-19 pandemic and broadband/connectivity issues. Additional funding supporting research staff and analogue communication methods were identified as solutions address barriers to retention. CONCLUSIONS Funded partnerships with CHCs, trusted by their local communities, were key in our recruitment and retention strategies. IRB consent process flexibility reduced barriers to recruitment. Recruiting historically under-represented populations is feasible with funding aimed to address structural barriers to research participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Addala
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Lauren Figg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xanadu Roque
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephanie L Filipp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Rayhan Lal
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthew J Gurka
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael J Haller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David M Maahs
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ashby F Walker
- Health Services Research Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Bounds DT, Rodrigues SM, Milburn NG. Strengthening Families to Disrupt Intergenerational Health Inequities With Adolescents at Risk for Commercial Sexual Exploitation, Substance Use, and HIV. Am J Public Health 2023; 113:S124-S128. [PMID: 37339412 PMCID: PMC10282847 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn T Bounds
- Dawn T. Bounds is with the Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing at the University of California Irvine and, at the time of this study, was in the section of Community Behavioral Health in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and College of Nursing at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Sarah M. Rodrigues is a graduate student researcher and PhD candidate in the Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing at the University of California Irvine. Norweeta G. Milburn is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the University of California Los Angeles Semel Institute Center for Community Health and the Nathanson Family Resilience Center at the University of California Los Angeles. She is also a guest editor of this special issue
| | - Sarah M Rodrigues
- Dawn T. Bounds is with the Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing at the University of California Irvine and, at the time of this study, was in the section of Community Behavioral Health in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and College of Nursing at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Sarah M. Rodrigues is a graduate student researcher and PhD candidate in the Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing at the University of California Irvine. Norweeta G. Milburn is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the University of California Los Angeles Semel Institute Center for Community Health and the Nathanson Family Resilience Center at the University of California Los Angeles. She is also a guest editor of this special issue
| | - Norweeta G Milburn
- Dawn T. Bounds is with the Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing at the University of California Irvine and, at the time of this study, was in the section of Community Behavioral Health in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and College of Nursing at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Sarah M. Rodrigues is a graduate student researcher and PhD candidate in the Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing at the University of California Irvine. Norweeta G. Milburn is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the University of California Los Angeles Semel Institute Center for Community Health and the Nathanson Family Resilience Center at the University of California Los Angeles. She is also a guest editor of this special issue
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Cushman GK, Durkin K, Noga R, Cooke F, Herbert L, Esteban C, McQuaid EL. Psychosocial functioning in pediatric food allergies: A scoping review. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:29-36. [PMID: 36195171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The psychosocial burden of food allergy (FA) can significantly affect the lives of pediatric patients and their families. A comprehensive understanding of the state of the literature on psychosocial functioning is imperative to identify gaps that may affect clinical care and future research. This review characterizes the current literature on psychosocial functioning in pediatric patients with FA and their caregivers, siblings, and families. A literature search of 5 databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase) was conducted to identify original research articles and abstracts on psychosocial functioning of patients with FA who were aged 0 to 18 years and their caregivers, siblings, and families. A total of 257 studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies examined child or caregiver psychosocial functioning, with child and caregiver quality of life examined most frequently. Most studies utilized quantitative and cross-sectional methods and inconsistently reported participant race and ethnicity. Existing research on psychosocial functioning in pediatric FA may not be generalizable to patients of color and families and siblings. Future research should diversify recruited samples regarding race, ethnicity, and country of origin; examine psychosocial functioning longitudinally; examine constructs beyond quality of life; and adopt a biopsychosocial approach by considering the interplay among psychosocial functioning, disease burden, and social contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace K Cushman
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
| | - Kristine Durkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Rebecca Noga
- Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital/Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Frances Cooke
- Division of Psychology and Behavioral Health, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Linda Herbert
- Division of Psychology and Behavioral Health, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Cynthia Esteban
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Elizabeth L McQuaid
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
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Williford DN, Sweenie R, Ramsey RR, McGrady ME, Crosby LE, Modi AC. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion within Pediatric Adherence Science. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022:10.1007/s10880-022-09922-4. [PMID: 36482056 PMCID: PMC9734315 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Given the long-standing history of systemic racism in psychological science, diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts are increasingly vital to the advancement and improvement of the field. This commentary extends the seminal work of the article Upending Racism in Psychological Science: Strategies to Change How Our Science is Conducted, Reported, Reviewed, and Disseminated (Buchanan et al., Am Psychol, https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6nk4x , 2020) by providing tangible applications and recommendations to improve DEI integration into pediatric adherence science. Real-world adherence examples are discussed regarding the challenges faced in systematically integrating DEI principles, potential solutions to overcoming barriers, and the implications of these efforts on scientific advancement in an effort to address and dismantle research practices that perpetuate inequity and White supremacy. Specifically, we provide discourse and practical guidance related to the conduct, reporting, reviewing, and dissemination of pediatric adherence science to promote dialog and produce actionable change toward the promotion of health equity and social justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desireé N. Williford
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Center for Treatment Adherence and Self-Management, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7039, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Rachel Sweenie
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Center for Treatment Adherence and Self-Management, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7039, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Rachelle R. Ramsey
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Center for Treatment Adherence and Self-Management, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7039, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Meghan E. McGrady
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Center for Treatment Adherence and Self-Management, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7039, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Lori E. Crosby
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Center for Treatment Adherence and Self-Management, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7039, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Avani C. Modi
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Center for Treatment Adherence and Self-Management, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Ave. MLC 7039, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
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Traino KA, Mullins LL. JPP Student Journal Club Commentary: Assessing Parent Distress Trajectories in the Context of Congenital Heart Disease. J Pediatr Psychol 2022; 48:317-319. [PMID: 36173360 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Green KH, Van De Groep IH, Te Brinke LW, van der Cruijsen R, van Rossenberg F, El Marroun H. A perspective on enhancing representative samples in developmental human neuroscience: Connecting science to society. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:981657. [PMID: 36118120 PMCID: PMC9480848 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.981657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Marginalized groups are often underrepresented in human developmental neuroscientific studies. This is problematic for the generalizability of findings about brain-behavior mechanisms, as well as for the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of results. In the present paper we discuss selection bias in cohort studies, which is known to contribute to the underrepresentation of marginalized groups. First, we address the issue of exclusion bias, as marginalized groups are sometimes excluded from studies because they do not fit the inclusion criteria. Second, we highlight examples of sampling bias. Recruitment strategies are not always designed to reach and attract a diverse group of youth. Third, we explain how diversity can be lost due to attrition of marginalized groups in longitudinal cohort studies. We provide experience- and evidence-based recommendations to stimulate neuroscientists to enhance study population representativeness via science communication and citizen science with youth. By connecting science to society, researchers have the opportunity to establish sustainable and equal researcher-community relationships, which can positively contribute to tackling selection biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla H. Green
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Kayla H. Green,
| | - Ilse H. Van De Groep
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lysanne W. Te Brinke
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Renske van der Cruijsen
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Fabienne van Rossenberg
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Ebekozien O, Mungmode A, Buckingham D, Greenfield M, Talib R, Steenkamp D, Haw JS, Odugbesan O, Harris M, Mathias P, Dickinson JK, Agarwal S. Achieving Equity in Diabetes Research: Borrowing From the Field of Quality Improvement Using a Practical Framework and Improvement Tools. Diabetes Spectr 2022; 35:304-312. [PMID: 36072814 PMCID: PMC9396719 DOI: 10.2337/dsi22-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
There are limited tools to address equity in diabetes research and clinical trials. The T1D Exchange has established a 10-step equity framework to advance equity in diabetes research. Herein, the authors outline this approach and expand on its practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osagie Ebekozien
- T1D Exchange, Boston, MA
- University of Mississippi School of Population Health, Jackson, MS
- Corresponding author: Osagie Ebekozien,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J. Sonya Haw
- Grady Memorial Hospital, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Priyanka Mathias
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Shivani Agarwal
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
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Inverso H, Abadula F, Morrow T, LeStourgeon L, Parmar A, Streisand R, Jaser SS. Pivoting during a pandemic: lessons learned from transitioning a multisite randomized controlled trial to a remote protocol in response to COVID-19. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:2187-2193. [PMID: 34427687 PMCID: PMC8499798 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
THR1VE! is an ongoing multisite randomized clinical trial of a positive psychology intervention designed to treat diabetes distress and improve glycemic outcomes in teens with type 1 diabetes. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on clinical research and changes in diabetes clinical care, THR1VE! was adapted from an in-person enrollment protocol to a remote protocol through a series of development and testing strategies. We discuss the process of transitioning the protocol and the demonstrated feasibility of ongoing recruitment, enrollment, and retention outcomes. These findings offer support for a remotely transitioned protocol that has larger applications for ongoing and future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fayo Abadula
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Troy Morrow
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Angelee Parmar
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Sarah S Jaser
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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