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de Freitas Pereira M, Cohen D, Auer L, Aubry N, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Buré C, Engle NL, Jolivet Y, Kohler A, Novák O, Pavlović I, Priault P, Tschaplinski TJ, Hummel I, Vaultier MN, Veneault-Fourrey C. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis prepares its host locally and systemically for abiotic cue signaling. Plant J 2023; 116:1784-1803. [PMID: 37715981 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Tree growth and survival are dependent on their ability to perceive signals, integrate them, and trigger timely and fitted molecular and growth responses. While ectomycorrhizal symbiosis is a predominant tree-microbe interaction in forest ecosystems, little is known about how and to what extent it helps trees cope with environmental changes. We hypothesized that the presence of Laccaria bicolor influences abiotic cue perception by Populus trichocarpa and the ensuing signaling cascade. We submitted ectomycorrhizal or non-ectomycorrhizal P. trichocarpa cuttings to short-term cessation of watering or ozone fumigation to focus on signaling networks before the onset of any physiological damage. Poplar gene expression, metabolite levels, and hormone levels were measured in several organs (roots, leaves, mycorrhizas) and integrated into networks. We discriminated the signal responses modified or maintained by ectomycorrhization. Ectomycorrhizas buffered hormonal changes in response to short-term environmental variations systemically prepared the root system for further fungal colonization and alleviated part of the root abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. The presence of ectomycorrhizas in the roots also modified the leaf multi-omics landscape and ozone responses, most likely through rewiring of the molecular drivers of photosynthesis and the calcium signaling pathway. In conclusion, P. trichocarpa-L. bicolor symbiosis results in a systemic remodeling of the host's signaling networks in response to abiotic changes. In addition, ectomycorrhizal, hormonal, metabolic, and transcriptomic blueprints are maintained in response to abiotic cues, suggesting that ectomycorrhizas are less responsive than non-mycorrhizal roots to abiotic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Cohen
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Lucas Auer
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nathalie Aubry
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Cyril Buré
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Nancy L Engle
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Yves Jolivet
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Annegret Kohler
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Pavlović
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pierrick Priault
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Timothy J Tschaplinski
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Irène Hummel
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Claire Veneault-Fourrey
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, F-54000, Nancy, France
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Ya R, Li J, Zhang N, Yu Q, Xu W. Phenotypically abnormal cotyledonary Vitis vinifera embryos differ in anatomy, endogenous hormone levels and transcriptome profiles. Tree Physiol 2023; 43:467-485. [PMID: 36331330 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In many perennial fruit species, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), the highly complex process of somatic embryogenesis (SE) can result in the formation of a deformed embryo, although the underlying reasons are still poorly understood. Here, V. vinifera cv. 'Chardonnay' cotyledonary embryos with distinct morphologies were used to address this issue. Normal cotyledonary embryos (NCEs) and elongated cotyledonary embryos (ECEs) were observed to have better-developed vasculature and shoot meristems than the vitrified cotyledonary embryos (VCEs) and fused cotyledonary embryos (FCEs), but ECEs were less developed. We determined that the morphological differences in these phenotypically abnormal embryos were likely associated with endogenous hormone levels, since concentrations of the phytohormones indoleacetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in NCEs were higher than in the other three types. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed large differences in gene expression of the hormone signaling pathways in normal and abnormal cotyledonary embryos. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of the different cotyledonary types allowed the identification of co-regulated gene modules associated with SE, suggesting a role for ERF family genes and other transcription factors (TFs) in regulating morphology. Moreover, an analysis of morphology-specific gene expression indicated that the activation of a specific protein kinase, small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) and certain TFs was closely associated with the formation of normal cotyledonary embryos. Our comparative analyses provide insights into the gene networks regulating somatic cotyledon development and open new avenues for research into plant regeneration and functional genomic studies of malformed embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ya
- School of Agronomy, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, No. 489 Helanshan West Road,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Junduo Li
- School of Agronomy, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, No. 489 Helanshan West Road,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Ningbo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, No. 489 Helanshan West Road,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Qinhan Yu
- School of Agronomy, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, No. 489 Helanshan West Road,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Weirong Xu
- School of Agronomy, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, No. 489 Helanshan West Road,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, No. 489 Helanshan West Road, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
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Grünhofer P, Stöcker T, Guo Y, Li R, Lin J, Ranathunge K, Schoof H, Schreiber L. Populus × canescens root suberization in reaction to osmotic and salt stress is limited to the developing younger root tip region. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13765. [PMID: 36281836 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Populus is a valuable and fast-growing tree species commonly cultivated for economic and scientific purposes. But most of the poplar species are sensitive to drought and salt stress. Thus, we compared the physiological effects of osmotic stress (PEG8000) and salt treatment (NaCl) on poplar roots to identify potential strategies for future breeding or genetic engineering approaches. We investigated root anatomy using epifluorescence microscopy, changes in root suberin composition and amount using gas chromatography, transcriptional reprogramming using RNA sequencing, and modifications of root transport physiology using a pressure chamber. Poplar roots reacted to the imposed stress conditions, especially in the developing younger root tip region, with remarkable differences between both types of stress. Overall, the increase in suberin content was surprisingly small, but the expression of key suberin biosynthesis genes was strongly induced. Significant reductions of the radial water transport in roots were only observed for the osmotic and not the hydrostatic hydraulic conductivity. Our data indicate that the genetic enhancement of root suberization processes in poplar might be a promising target to convey increased tolerance, especially against toxic sodium chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Grünhofer
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tyll Stöcker
- Department of Crop Bioinformatics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yayu Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Kosala Ranathunge
- UWA School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Heiko Schoof
- Department of Crop Bioinformatics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Grünhofer P, Guo Y, Li R, Lin J, Schreiber L. Hydroponic cultivation conditions allowing the reproducible investigation of poplar root suberization and water transport. Plant Methods 2021; 17:129. [PMID: 34911563 PMCID: PMC8672600 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-021-00831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increasing joint research cooperation on national and international levels, there is a high need for harmonized and reproducible cultivation conditions and experimental protocols in order to ensure the best comparability and reliability of acquired data. As a result, not only comparisons of findings of different laboratories working with the same species but also of entirely different species would be facilitated. As Populus is becoming an increasingly important genus in modern science and agroforestry, the integration of findings with previously gained knowledge of other crop species is of high significance. RESULTS To ease and ensure the comparability of investigations of root suberization and water transport, on a high degree of methodological reproducibility, we set up a hydroponics-based experimental pipeline. This includes plant cultivation, root histochemistry, analytical investigation, and root water transport measurement. A 5-week-long hydroponic cultivation period including an optional final week of stress application resulted in a highly consistent poplar root development. The poplar roots were of conical geometry and exhibited a typical Casparian band development with subsequent continuously increasing suberization of the endodermis. Poplar root suberin was composed of the most frequently described suberin substance classes, but also high amounts of benzoic acid derivatives could be identified. Root transport physiology experiments revealed that poplar roots in this developmental stage have a two- to tenfold higher hydrostatic than osmotic hydraulic conductivity. Lastly, the hydroponic cultivation allowed the application of gradually defined osmotic stress conditions illustrating the precise adjustability of hydroponic experiments as well as the previously reported sensitivity of poplar plants to water deficits. CONCLUSIONS By maintaining a high degree of harmonization, we were able to compare our results to previously published data on root suberization and water transport of barley and other crop species. Regarding hydroponic poplar cultivation, we enabled high reliability, reproducibility, and comparability for future experiments. In contrast to abiotic stress conditions applied during axenic tissue culture cultivation, this experimental pipeline offers great advantages including the growth of roots in the dark, easy access to root systems before, during, and after stress conditions, and the more accurate definition of the developmental stages of the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Grünhofer
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Yayu Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Ye Z, Sangireddy SR, Yu CL, Hui D, Howe K, Fish T, Thannhauser TW, Zhou S. Comparative Proteomics of Root Apex and Root Elongation Zones Provides Insights into Molecular Mechanisms for Drought Stress and Recovery Adjustment in Switchgrass. Proteomes 2020; 8:3. [PMID: 32092968 PMCID: PMC7151713 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Switchgrass plants were grown in a Sandwich tube system to induce gradual drought stress by withholding watering. After 29 days, the leaf photosynthetic rate decreased significantly, compared to the control plants which were watered regularly. The drought-treated plants recovered to the same leaf water content after three days of re-watering. The root tip (1cm basal fragment, designated as RT1 hereafter) and the elongation/maturation zone (the next upper 1 cm tissue, designated as RT2 hereafter) tissues were collected at the 29th day of drought stress treatment, (named SDT for severe drought treated), after one (D1W) and three days (D3W) of re-watering. The tandem mass tags mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics analysis was performed to identify the proteomes, and drought-induced differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs). From RT1 tissues, 6156, 7687, and 7699 proteins were quantified, and 296, 535, and 384 DAPs were identified in the SDT, D1W, and D3W samples, respectively. From RT2 tissues, 7382, 7255, and 6883 proteins were quantified, and 393, 587, and 321 proteins DAPs were identified in the SDT, D1W, and D3W samples. Between RT1 and RT2 tissues, very few DAPs overlapped at SDT, but the number of such proteins increased during the recovery phase. A large number of hydrophilic proteins and stress-responsive proteins were induced during SDT and remained at a higher level during the recovery stages. A large number of DAPs in RT1 tissues maintained the same expression pattern throughout drought treatment and the recovery phases. The DAPs in RT1 tissues were classified in cell proliferation, mitotic cell division, and chromatin modification, and those in RT2 were placed in cell wall remodeling and cell expansion processes. This study provided information pertaining to root zone-specific proteome changes during drought and recover phases, which will allow us to select proteins (genes) as better defined targets for developing drought tolerant plants. The mass spectrometry proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017441.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujia Ye
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (Z.Y.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Sasikiran Reddy Sangireddy
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (Z.Y.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Chih-Li Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (C.-L.Y.); (D.H.)
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (C.-L.Y.); (D.H.)
| | - Kevin Howe
- Functional & Comparative Proteomics Center, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (K.H.); (T.F.)
| | - Tara Fish
- Functional & Comparative Proteomics Center, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (K.H.); (T.F.)
| | | | - Suping Zhou
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (Z.Y.); (S.R.S.)
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Cajero-Sanchez W, Aceves-Garcia P, Fernández-Marcos M, Gutiérrez C, Rosas U, García-Ponce B, Álvarez-Buylla ER, Sánchez MP, Garay-Arroyo A. Natural Root Cellular Variation in Responses to Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E983. [PMID: 31795411 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis naturally occurring populations have allowed for the identification of considerable genetic variation remodeled by adaptation to different environments and stress conditions. Water is a key resource that limits plant growth, and its availability is initially sensed by root tissues. The root’s ability to adjust its physiology and morphology under water deficit makes this organ a useful model to understand how plants respond to water stress. Here, we used hyperosmotic shock stress treatments in different Arabidopsis accessions to analyze the root cell morphological responses. We found that osmotic stress conditions reduced root growth and root apical meristem (RAM) size, promoting premature cell differentiation without affecting the stem cell niche morphology. This phenotype was accompanied by a cluster of small epidermal and cortex cells with radial expansion and root hairs at the transition to the elongation zone. We also found this radial expansion with root hairs when plants are grown under hypoosmotic conditions. Finally, root growth was less affected by osmotic stress in the Sg-2 accession followed by Ws, Cvi-0, and Col-0; however, after a strong osmotic stress, Sg-2 and Cvi-0 were the most resilience accessions. The sensitivity differences among these accessions were not explained by stress-related gene expression. This work provides new cellular insights on the Arabidopsis root phenotypic variability and plasticity to osmotic stress.
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Krishnamurthy A, Ferl RJ, Paul A. Comparing RNA-Seq and microarray gene expression data in two zones of the Arabidopsis root apex relevant to spaceflight. Appl Plant Sci 2018; 6:e01197. [PMID: 30473943 PMCID: PMC6240453 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The root apex is an important region involved in environmental sensing, but comprises a very small part of the root. Obtaining root apex transcriptomes is therefore challenging when the samples are limited. The feasibility of using tiny root sections for transcriptome analysis was examined, comparing RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to microarrays in characterizing genes that are relevant to spaceflight. METHODS Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype (Col-0) roots were sectioned into Zone 1 (0.5 mm; root cap and meristematic zone) and Zone 2 (1.5 mm; transition, elongation, and growth-terminating zone). Differential gene expression in each was compared. RESULTS Both microarrays and RNA-Seq proved applicable to the small samples. A total of 4180 genes were differentially expressed (with fold changes of 2 or greater) between Zone 1 and Zone 2. In addition, 771 unique genes and 19 novel transcriptionally active regions were identified by RNA-Seq that were not detected in microarrays. However, microarrays detected spaceflight-relevant genes that were missed in RNA-Seq. DISCUSSION Single root tip subsections can be used for transcriptome analysis using either RNA-Seq or microarrays. Both RNA-Seq and microarrays provided novel information. These data suggest that techniques for dealing with small, rare samples from spaceflight can be further enhanced, and that RNA-Seq may miss some spaceflight-relevant changes in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Horticultural SciencesProgram in Plant Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611USA
| | - Robert J. Ferl
- Department of Horticultural SciencesProgram in Plant Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611USA
- Interdisciplinary Center for BiotechnologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611USA
| | - Anna‐Lisa Paul
- Department of Horticultural SciencesProgram in Plant Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611USA
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Youssef C, Bizet F, Bastien R, Legland D, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Hummel I. Quantitative dissection of variations in root growth rate: a matter of cell proliferation or of cell expansion? J Exp Bot 2018; 69:5157-5168. [PMID: 30053124 PMCID: PMC6184812 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant organ growth results from cell production and cell expansion. Deciphering the contribution of each of these processes to growth rate is an important issue in developmental biology. Here, we investigated the cellular processes governing root elongation rate, considering two sources of variation: genotype and disturbance by chemicals (NaCl, polyethylene glycol, H2O2, abscisic acid). Exploiting the adventitious rooting capacity of the Populus genus, and using time-lapse imaging under infrared-light, particle image velocimetry, histological analysis, and kinematics, we quantified the cellular processes involved in root growth variation, and analysed the covariation patterns between growth parameters. The rate of cell production by the root apical meristem and the number of dividing cells were estimated in vivo without destructive measurement. We found that the rate of cell division contributed more to the variation in cell production rate than the number of dividing cells. Regardless of the source of variation, the length of the elongation zone was the best proxy for growth rate, summarizing rates of cell production and cell elongation into a single parameter. Our results demonstrate that cell production rate is the main driver of growth rate, whereas elemental elongation rate is a key driver of short-term growth adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chvan Youssef
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRA, UMR Silva, Nancy, France
| | - François Bizet
- UMR PIAF, INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Renaud Bastien
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - David Legland
- UMR Biopolymers, Interactions and Assemblies, INRA, Nantes, France
| | | | - Irène Hummel
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRA, UMR Silva, Nancy, France
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Tao JJ, Wei W, Pan WJ, Lu L, Li QT, Ma JB, Zhang WK, Ma B, Chen SY, Zhang JS. An Alfin-like gene from Atriplex hortensis enhances salt and drought tolerance and abscisic acid response in transgenic Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2707. [PMID: 29426828 PMCID: PMC5807399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfin-like (AL) is a small plant-specific gene family with prominent roles in root growth and abiotic stress response. Here, we aimed to identify novel stress tolerance AL genes from the stress-tolerant species Atriplex hortensis. Totally, we isolated four AhAL genes, all encoding nuclear-localized proteins with cis-element-binding and transrepression activities. Constitutive expression of AhAL1 in Arabidopsis facilitated plants to survive under saline condition, while expressing anyone of the other three AhAL genes led to salt-hypersensitive response, indicating functional divergence of AhAL family. AhAL1 also conferred enhanced drought tolerance, as judged from enhanced survival, improved growth, decreased malonaldehyde (MDA) content and reduced water loss in AhAL1-expressing plants compared to WT. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal closure and inhibition of seed germination and primary root elongation were enhanced in AhAL1-transgenic plants. Further analysis demonstrated that AhAL1 could bind to promoter regions of GRF7, DREB1C and several group-A PP2C genes and repress their expression. Correspondingly, the expression levels of positive stress regulator genes DREB1A, DREB2A and three ABFs were all increased in AhAL1-expressing plants. Based on these results, AhAL1 was identified as a novel candidate gene for improving abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Tao
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wen-Jia Pan
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Long Lu
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qing-Tian Li
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jin-Biao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wan-Ke Zhang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Biao Ma
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shou-Yi Chen
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jin-Song Zhang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Lafon-Placette C, Le Gac AL, Chauveau D, Segura V, Delaunay A, Lesage-Descauses MC, Hummel I, Cohen D, Jesson B, Le Thiec D, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Brignolas F, Maury S. Changes in the epigenome and transcriptome of the poplar shoot apical meristem in response to water availability affect preferentially hormone pathways. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:537-551. [PMID: 29211860 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive capacity of long-lived organisms such as trees to the predicted climate changes, including severe and successive drought episodes, will depend on the presence of genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity. Here, the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in phenotypic plasticity toward soil water availability was examined in Populus×euramericana. This work aimed at characterizing (i) the transcriptome plasticity, (ii) the genome-wide plasticity of DNA methylation, and (iii) the function of genes affected by a drought-rewatering cycle in the shoot apical meristem. Using microarray chips, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified for each water regime. The rewatering condition was associated with the highest variations of both gene expression and DNA methylation. Changes in methylation were observed particularly in the body of expressed genes and to a lesser extent in transposable elements. Together, DEGs and DMRs were significantly enriched in genes related to phytohormone metabolism or signaling pathways. Altogether, shoot apical meristem responses to changes in water availability involved coordinated variations in DNA methylation, as well as in gene expression, with a specific targeting of genes involved in hormone pathways, a factor that may enable phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alain Delaunay
- LBLGC EA 1207, INRA, Université d'Orléans, USC 1328, France
| | | | - Irène Hummel
- EEF, INRA Grand-Est-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, France
| | - David Cohen
- EEF, INRA Grand-Est-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, France
| | | | - Didier Le Thiec
- EEF, INRA Grand-Est-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137, France
| | | | | | - Stéphane Maury
- LBLGC EA 1207, INRA, Université d'Orléans, USC 1328, France
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